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The CEO of Apple, Steve Jobs’ story about death When I was 17, I read a quote that went something l...
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WiththestartofBBCWorldServiceTelevisionmillionsofviewersinAsiaandAmericacannowwatchtheCorporation'snewscoverageaswellaslistentoit.AndofcourseinBritainlistenersandviewerscantuneintotwoBBCtelevisionchannelsfiveBBCnationalradioservicesanddozensoflocalradiostation.Theyarebroughtsportcomedydramamusicnewsandcurrentaffairseducationreligionparliamentarycoveragechildren'sprogrammesandfilmsforanannuallicensefeeof￡83perhouseholD.Itisaremarkablerecordstretchingbackover70years-yettheBBC'sfutureisnowindoubt.TheCorporationwillsurviveasapublicly-fundedbroadcastingorganizationatleastforthetimebeingbutitsroleitssizeanditsprogrammesarenowthesubjectofanation-widedebateinBritain.ThedebatewaslaunchedbytheGovernmentwhichinvitedanyonewithanopinionoftheBBC-includingordinarylistenersandviewers-tosaywhatwasgoodorbadabouttheCorporationandevenwhethertheythoughtitwasworthkeeping.ThereasonforitsinquiryisthattheBBC'sroyalcharterrunsoutin1996anditmustdecidewhethertokeeptheorganizationasitisortomakechanges.DefendersoftheCorporation-ofwhomtherearemany-arefondofquotingtheAmericanslogan.Ifitain'tbrokedon'tfixit.TheBBCain'tbroketheysaybywhichtheymeanitisnotbrokenasdistinctfromthewordbrokemeaninghavingnomoneysowhybothertochangeit?YettheBBCwillhavetochangebecausethebroadcastingworldarounditischanging.ThecommercialTVchannels－ITVandChannel4－wererequiredbytheThatcherGovernment'sBroadcastingActtobecomemorecommercialcompetingwitheachotherforadvertisersandcuttingcostsandjobs.Butitisthearrivalofnewsatellitechannels-fundedpartlybyadvertisingandpartlybyviewers'subscriptions-whichwillbringaboutthebiggestchangesinthelongterm.56.TheworldfamousBBCnowfaces________.A.theproblemofnewcoverageB.anuncertainprospectC.inquiriesbythegeneralpublicD.shrinkageofaudience57.InthepassagewhichofthefollowingabouttheBBCisnotmentionedasthekeyissue?A.ExtensionofitsTVservicetoFarEast.B.Programmesasthesubjectofanation-widedebatE.C.Potentialsforfurtherinternationalco-operations.D.Itsexistenceasabroadcastingorganization.58.TheBBC'sroyalcharterline4paragraph4standsfor________.A.thefinancialsupportfromtheroyalfamilyB.theprivilegesgrantedbytheQueenC.acontractwiththeQueenD.auniquerelationshipwiththeroyalfamily59.TheforemostreasonwhytheBBChastoreadjustitselfisnootherthan________.A.theemergenceofcommercialTVchannelsB.theenforcementofBroadcastingActbythegovernmentC.theurgentnecessitytoreducecostsandjobsD.thechallengeofnewsatellitechannels
CWikipediawasfoundedasabranchofNupediaanow-abandonedprojecttoproduceafreeencyclopedia百科全书.Nupediarequiredhighlyqualifiedcontributorsbutthewritingofarticleswasslow.During2000JimmyWalesfounderofNupediaandLarrySangerwhomWaleshademployedtoworkontheprojectdiscussedwaysofsupplementing补充Nupediawithamoreopenproject.MultiplesourcesaresuggestedfortheideathatawikimightallowmembersofthepublictocontributematerialandNupedia’sfirstwikiwentonlineonJanuary10.TherewasconsiderableresistanceonthepartofNupedia’seditorsandreviewerstotheideaofassociatingNupediawithaWebsiteinthewikiformat格式sothenewprojectwasgiventhenameWikipediaandlaunchedonitsowndomain域名wikipediA.comonJanuary15.ThedomainwaseventuallychangedtothepresentwikipediA.orgwhenthenot-for-profitWikimediaFoundationwaslaunchedasitsnewparentorganization.InMarch2007thewordwikibecameanewly-recognizedEnglishworD.InMay2001awaveofnon-EnglishWikipediaswaslaunched—inCatalanChineseDutchEsperantoFrenchGermanHebrewItalianJapanesePortugueseRussianSpanishandSwedish.TheseweresoonjoinedbyArabicandHungarian.InSeptemberPolishwasaddeD.AttheendoftheyearAfrikaansNorwegianandSerbocroatianversionswereannounceD.AnyonewithWebaccesscaneditWikipediaandthisopennessencouragesinclusionofagreatamountofcontent.About75000editors—fromexpertscholarstocasualreaders—regularlyeditWikipediaandtheseexperiencededitorsoftenhelptocreateaconsistentstylethroughouttheencyclopediA.Editorsareabletowatchpagesandtechies科技人员canwriteeditingprogramstokeeptrackoforcorrectbadedits.Wherethere’redisagreementsonhowtopresentfactseditorsworktogethertoarriveatanarticlethatfairlyrepresentscurrentexpertopiniononthesubject.AlthoughtheWikimediaFoundationownsthesiteit’slargelyuninvolvedinwritinganddailyoperations.66.JimmyWaleswantedamoreopenprojectbecause______.A.hewantedtofoundWikipediaB.NupediahaditsowndisadvantagesC.heearnedlessmoneyfromNupediaD.Nupediahadbeenabandoned67.TheideaofconnectingNupediawithaWebsiteinthewikiformat______.A.gainedawidesupportB.cameintobeingonJanuary152000C.madeNupediabetterandbetterknowntothepublicD.weren’twelcomedbyallNupedia’seditors68.WhichofthefollowingversionsjoinedtheWikipediainorafterOctober2001?A.Englishversion.B.Norwegianversion.C.Hebrewversion.D.Arabicversion.69.WhoareresponsibletocreatethemainstylefortheWikipedia?A.AnyreadersoftheWikipediaB.Thetechies.C.TheWikimediaFoundation.D.Theexperiencededitors.70.WhichofthefollowingfactsaboutWikipediamostprobablysurprisesreaders?A.Itsownercontributeslesstoitswriting.B.ItappealstoawideraudiencE.C.Itsownerwasfoundedonlyrecently.D.ItwasevolvedfromNupediA.
TamifludoesnotkillbutpreventsH1N1fromfurtherproliferation繁衍tilltheviruslimitsitselfinabout1-2weeksitsnaturalcycle.H1N1likeotherInfluenzaA.virusesonlyinfectstheupperrespiratorytractandproliferatesonlytherE.Theonlywayofentryarethenostrils鼻孔andmouth/throat.Inaglobalepidemicofthisnatureit'salmostimpossiblenotcomingintocontactwithH1N1.ContactwithH1N1isnotsomuchofaproblemasproliferationis.WhileyouarestillhealthyandnotshowinganysymptomsofH1N1infectioninordertopreventproliferationsomeverysimplestepscanbepracticed:1.Frequenthand-washing.2.Hands-off-the-faceapproach.Resistalltemptationstotouchanypartoffaceunlessyouwanttoeatorbathe.3.Gargle漱口twiceadaywithwarmsaltwateruseListerineifyoudon'ttrustsalt.H1N1takes2-3daysafterinitialinfectioninthethroat/nasalcavitytoproliferateandshowcharacteristicsymptoms.Simplegarglingpreventsproliferation.InawaygarglingwithsaltwaterhasthesameeffectonahealthyindividualthatTamifluhasonaninfectedonE.Don'tunderestimatethissimpleinexpensiveandpowerfulpreventativemethoD.4.Similarto3abovecleanyournostrilsatleastonceeverydaywithwarmsaltwaterWhichisveryeffectiveinbringingdownviralpopulation.5.StrengthenyournaturalimmunitywithfoodsthatarerichinVitaminC.IfyouhavetosupplementwithVitaminC.tabletsmakesurethatitalsohasZinctoboostabsorption.6.Drinkasmuchofwarmliquidsasyoucan.Drinkingwarmliquidshasthesameeffectasgarglingbutinthereversedirection.Theywashoffproliferatingvirusesfromthethroatintothestomachwheretheycannotsurviveproliferateordoanyharm.7.Allthesearesimplewaystopreventwithinmeansofmosthouseholdsandcertainlymuchlesspainfulthantowaitinlongqueuesoutsidepublichospitals.1.Whatpartofaperson’sbodydoH1N1fluvirusesmainlyinfect?A.one’slungB.theupperrespiratorytractC.one’sheartD.one’sthroatandlung2.H1N1fluvirusesgointoourbodiesby________.A.touchingB.dietC.breathingD.dirt3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordunderestimatemean?A.assigntoolowavaluetoB.dropthecostofC.paymoreattentiontoD.calculatethenumberofmoney4.Theauthorpresentsthispassageby______.A.tellinganinterestingstoryB.testinganideabyreasoningC.introducingsomepracticalmethodsD.describingsomeactivitiesinanaturalorder
ArecentAuburnUniversitystudyprovidessomerealnumberstobackatheorywe’veallknownwastrueforsometime—plantingashadetreenearyourhomereducesenergybillssignificantlyinthespringandsummermonths.ThestudyconductedinAuburnAlabamaincluded160homeswithdifferentlevelsofshadE.Eachhome’senergyusagewasmonitoredandcomparedtootherhouseswithsimilarenergy—usingpatternssizetypeofcoolingsystemetC.Herearesomehighlightsfromthestudy:Houseswithtreesonthewestsideoftheirhomehadamuchlowerpowerbill.Olderhomeshadthemostshadecoveragebecausepeopledidnotusetorelyonairconditioningasmuchtokeepthemcool.Childrenunderage12consumethemostpowerinahomeastheywatchtelevisionplaygamesandfrequentlyleavelightson.FallandearlywinteraretheperfectseasonstoplantatreE.Thistimeofyearmanynurseries苗圃aretryingtoreducetheirinventoryoftreesheadingintothewintersoyoumayfindadealontreeseasilytoplantaroundyourlot.Whileyouhavethespadeoutconsiderplantingatreenearyouroutsideairconditioningunit.Theshadewillkeeptheunitcoolerandhelpitoperatemoreefficiently.Besuretoplantfarenoughfromtheunittoallowproperairflowandaccountforthetree’sgrowthovertimE.ItactuallyhurtstowatchthetreesbeingknockedoverwhenlanddevelopersplanneighborhoodsbecausetreescouldprovidemuchneededshadetonewhomeownersreducingtheirelectricbillandtheamountofenergytheyconsumE.Hopefullythisstudyandmorelikeitinthefuturewillencouragedevelopersandbuilderstoplanaroundtreesasmuchaspossibletoofferhomeownersashadedlot.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.Anewstudyaboutplantingtrees.B.Plantingtreestoreduceyourpowerbill.C.HouseswithtreesonthewestsidE.D.Don'tcuttreesdownwhenplanningneighborhoods.2.TheunderlinedwordinventoryinParagraph5isclosestinmeaningto________.A.inventionB.volumeC.listD.type3.Accordingtothepassage____mightspendmoreenergycost.A.houseswithtreesonthewestsideoftheirhomeB.olderhouseswiththemostshadecoverageC.houseswithdifferentlevelsofshadeD.houseswiththechildrenunderage124.WhichisNOTthebenefitofplantingatreeneartheoutsideairconditioningunit?A.Theshadewillkeeptheunitmuchcooler.B.Theshadehelpstheunitoperatemoreefficiently.C.Thetreesstopstheunithavingproperairflow.D.Theshadepreventsthesunlightfromshiningontheunit.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthisstudy?A.ThestudyiscarriedoutbythestudentsatAuburnUniversityAlabamA.B.WhileplanningnewneighborhoodsdevelopersoftencutdownthetreestherE.C.Houseswithtreesontheeastsideoftheirhousehadalowerpowerbill.D.Thestudywillpreventdevelopersandbuildersfromplanningmoretrees.
African-AmericantalkshowqueenOprahWinfreyistheworld’smostpowerfulcelebrity名人accordingtoForbes福布斯magazinE.ItplacedWinfreyatthetopoftheannualrankingofthe100peoplewiththebiggestpull影响力.Winfrey51draw30millionviewersweeklyintheUnitedStates.Hertalkshowreaches112countries.SheearnedUS＄225millionoverthepast12monthstoranksecondincelebrityriches.TheannualForbeslistgivesmostweighttoannualearnings.Butitalsolooksatthecelebrity’spresenceontheInternetandinthemediA.After21yearsherexcitingchatshowstillrulestheairwavesthemagazinesaiD.WinfreyismostpopularwithherpopulartalkshowTheOprahWinfreyShow.ShecanalwaysattractthesuperstarsandletthemopenuptoherintimateinterviewingstylE.Winfrey’sapproachappearstobesimplE.Sheisinapursuit追求ofself-improvementandself-empowerment.Thishasprovedtobejustwhatpeopleespeciallywomenwant.Winfreyoftentalksaboutherpersonalsecretsonhershow.Thatpullsinviewers.Forexampleshemadeitknownthatshehadbeensexuallyabusedasachildandhasspokenfreelyofherstrugglewithherweight.Hersuccesshasnotjustbeenonthescreen.Hermediagroupincludesawomen’sTVnetworkandwebsitesforwomen.HerworkhasextendedtosocialchangE.In1991shedidalotofworkfortheNationalChildProtectionAct.ShetestifiedbeforetheUSSenatetoestablishanationaldatabase数据库ofdangerouschildabusers.ThethenPresidentBillClintonlatersignedtheOprahBillintolaw.TheannualForbeslistselectsitscelebritiesaccordingto____.A.theirnamesB.theirannualearningsC.theirpresenceontheInternetandinthemediaD.theirannualearningsandpresenceinthepublicWhichofthefollowingstatementsisWRONG?A.OprahWinfreywasthefirstofthe100celebritiesaccordingtoForbesmagazinE.B.Oprah’ssuccesshasbeenonlyonthescreen.C.Oprahcanattractsuperstarsandgetthemtoopenuptoherinterview.D.Oprahrankedsecondincelebrityrichesthatyear.Theunderlinedphraserulestheairwavesinthepassagemeans____.A.attractsmanyreaders’attentionB.causesmanypeopletotakeplanesC.hasalargenumberofviewersD.measurestheairwavesWhat’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.OprahWinfreyConqueringtheAmericans.B.OprahWinfrey—theNo1Celebrity.C.ForbesRankingFirst.D.TheOprahWinfreyShow.
ETiredofWorkinginYourCountry!Withover500instructorsand20yearsofexperiencewearetheleaderinthefieldofteachingforeignlanguages.WenowhavepositionsopeninOsakastartingSeptember/October2004forinstructorsofEnglishGermanSpanishandFrench.??Teachmanydifferentkindsofclassesusingthelatesttechnologyinsmallclassesofupto3students.??Accommodation住宿andothernecessarydocuments文件willbereadybeforeyouleavE.??Applicantswillteachtheirfirstlanguageonly.??Excellentteachertrainingprograms.Ifyouareyoungwithauniversitydegreeandarewillingtoexperiencedifferentculturesapply申请now.ExperienceinteachingisanadvantagebutnotspeciallyrequireD.KnowledgeoftheJapaneselanguageisnotnecessarybutgoodEnglishskillsandpracticalcomputerknowledgearebasicrequirements.ApplywithC.V.andsendlettersto:NOVAFranceMr.SampyIHT3/234BD.Haussmann75009ParisFranceFax:33148014804Orvisitourwebsite:www.teadyp.comThemanagerexpectstomeetandtalkwithsuccessfulapplicantsinParisinJuneandJuly.73.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroducealanguageschoolinJapan.B.TohirelanguageteacherstoworkinJapan.C.TodescribeworkingconditionsinJapan.D.TomakecleartherequirementsforJapaneseteachers.74.BeforegoingtoJapanyouneed_______.A.toseethemanagerofNOVAFranceB.totakesomecomputercoursesC.towritealettertoJapanD.tofindaplacetolive75IfyouwanttoworkinJapanyoushould_______.A.havesomeworkingexperienceB.knowhowtousecomputersC.presentgoodteachingplansD.speakseverallanguages
Freeandsecureaccommodationnobillsandeventheoddhome-cookedmeal.Itsoundsliketheperfectlivingarrangementforcash-strapped缺乏现金的students.Twomothersbelievetheyhavedevisedawayforstrugglingstudentstosaveonaccommodationcostswhentheyleavehometostudyatuniversity.KateBarnhamandAmandaFludehavelaunchedStudentSwapsanonlineaccommodationforum论坛forparentsandstudentsinadvanceoftheintroductioninSeptemberof￡3000highereducationtop-upfees.TheirwebsitesaysTheprinciplebehindStudentSwapsistoenablestudentstoliterallyswap交换familyhomes.Thewebsitewillholdadatabaseofstudentswhowouldliketoswapandlinkthemwithsuitablematches.Sothosefromonetown/citycouldswapwiththosefromadifferenttown/city.Thesitedescribesitselfasofferingacost-freeaccommodationalternativeatatimeofgrowingstudentdebt.ThereisnochargefortheserviceatthemomentbutMsBarnhamandMsFludeintendtointroducea￡10annualfeeifitbecomesestablisheD.HowevertheNationalUnionofStudentsNUShaswarnedthatwhiletheschememaysoundappealingtostrugglingfreshersitlacksanyformalregulation.VeronicaKingNUSvice-presidentofwelfaresaidThefactthatthisschemehasevenbeensuggestedisevidencetothehighlevelsofdebtstudentsnowfaceongraduation.RecentresearchhasshownthatstudentsaremorelikelytoliveathomeincomingyearsinabidtocutdownonthecostofadegreE.Thisisworryingasitmaymeanthatstudentschoosetheiruniversityonthebasisofwhereitisratherthanbecauseitoffersthebestcourseforthem.Italsomeansstudentswillmissoutonwhatisforsomeakeypartofthestudentexperience-livingawayfromhomE.71.A.cash-strappedstudentmeansonewho__________.A.lacksmoneyB.preferstostayathomeC.iscarefulwithmoneyD.wantstochangecash72.WhatisKateBarnhamandAmandaFlude’spurposeoflaunchingStudentSwaps?A.Toprovidecheaperaccommodationforstudents.B.Toletstudentsstayclosetotheiruniversities.C.Tohelpstudentsspendlessonaccommodationcosts.D.ToletstudentsexchangeideasfreelyonlinE.73.WhatcanstudentsdoonStudentSwaps?A.Theycanfindstudentstoexchangehomeswith.B.Theycanmakefriendswithstudentsfromadifferentcity.C.Theycanborrowmoneytopayfortheirhighereducation.D.TheycanvoicetheiropinionsagainsttherisingcostofadegreE.74.Nowmanystudentswouldpreferauniversity_________.A.whichcangivethemfreeaccommodationB.whichisnotfarawayfromtheirhomesC.whichoffersthebestcoursesD.whichcanofferhome-cookedmeals75.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HighCostTroublesUniversityStudentsinUK.B.StudentsSwapsisWelcomedbyStudentsinUK.C.TwoMothers’GoodIntentiontoHelpStudentsinUK.D.WebsiteHelpsStudentsLiveatSomeoneElse’sHomE.
GreecetodayisasmallcountryinsoutheasternEuropE.ThepopulationisaboutninemillionandthecapitalcityisAthens.HighmountainswithrichfertilelandbetweenthemcovernorthernGreecE.ThehillysouthernpartisapeninsulacalledthePeloponnesus.HundredsofislandssurroundthemainlanD.ThelargestislandisCretE.Nopartofthenationisfarfromwater.TheIonianSeaandtheAegeanSeacarveddeepbaysandgulfsintothelongcoastlinE.GreecehasbeenaseafaringnationforcenturiesandGreeceisverywellknownforitsshippingindustry.MorethanthreethousandyearsagotheGreekpeopledevelopedaverysophisticatedsociety.TheyhaveagreatcivilizationoneofthegreatestthattheWesternwouldhaveeverseen.GreekarchitecturethinkingandartinfluencedotherlanguagesincludingEnglish.ForexampletheEnglishwordsalphabetdemocracyandarithmeticcomefromGreek.TodayGreeceisoneofthemostpopularnationswiththetouristswhovisitEuropE.Thousandsofpeopleareattractedtothecountrybecauseofitsbeautifulscenerymagnificentancientbuildingsanditsexcellentsummerweather.A.goodtitleforthisreadingpassageis_______TheEarliestCivilizationsB.TheInfluenceoftheSeaonGreecE.C.TheSmallbutImportantNationofGreeceD.TheIonianSeaTheunderlinedwordcarvedmeans_______A.cutmadeB.saidtoldC.lostwastedD.attractedWemayconcludethatmostofthefoodisgrowninthe_______.A.northB.eastC.southD.westHillscanbefound_______.A.inthesouthernpartB.onthePeloponnesusC.bothA.andB.D.intheAegeanSeaTheGreekshadagreatcivilizationaround_______A.5000B.C.B.3000B.C.C.1000B.C.D.2000B.C.
GoinghomeforChristmasisatraditionoftheholidayseason.NomatterwhereyoumaybetherestoftheyearsbeingathomewithyourfamilyandfriendsforChristmasisamust.TheThanksgivingandChristmasholidaysarethebusiesttimesoftheyearatairportstrainstationsandbusstations.ItseemsthatallAmericaisonthemoveandAmericansareontheirwaytospendtheholidayswiththeirlovedones.Thismeansthatthehousewillbefullofcousinsauntsandunclesthatmightnotseeeachotherduringtheyear.Everyonejoinsintohelpinthepreparationofthefestival.SomefamilymembersgettochooseaChristmastreetobuyandbringhomE.Othersdecoratethehouseorwrappresents.Andofcourseeachhouseholdneedstomakelotsoffood!AtChristmasEvegatheringsadultshaveeggnogwhichismadeofcreammilksugareggsandbrandy.PlentyofeggnogorhotcocoaisonhandincolderclimatesforcarolersorpeoplewhogofromhousetohousesingChristmascarolstotheirneighbors.LongagoeachchildhungastockingorsockoverthefireplacE.Santaentereddownthechimneyandleftcandyandpresentsinsidethesocksforthechildren.Todaythetraditioniscarriedonbutthesocksarenowlargeredsock-shapedfabricbagsstillcalledstockings.Eachchildcan’twaittoopenhisorhereyestoseewhatSantahasleftinthestocking.GivinggiftsisaChristmastradition.HoweverinrecentyearsmoreandmorepeoplehavecomplainedthatChristmasistoocommercialized商业化especiallyinlargecities.Storeownersbeginadvertisinganddecoratingveryearlyinhopesofsellingmoregoods.SomepeoplebelievethattheoriginofChristmashasbeenlost.46.ItisatraditionalcustomforAmericans____________.A.tobuyChristmastreesandbringthemtochurchesforChristmasB.todrinkbeeronChristmasEveC.togohomeforChristmaswiththeirfamilyandrelativesD.tohungstockingsonthechimney47.Theunderlinedwordeggnoginthethirdparagraphisakind____________.A.drinkB.foodC.eggD.present48.Eachchildhungastockingoverthefireplaceinorderto____________.A.getsomeeggnogB.havealookatSantaC.getsomecandyandpresentsD.getsomemoneyfromhis/herparents49.Thelastparagraphwantstotellusthat____________.A.givinggiftsisaChristmastraditionB.givinggiftsisgettingmoreandmorecommercializedC.storeownershopetogetmorepresentsD.peoplethinktherewillbenoChristmasinthefuture
BackinthefifteenthcenturyinavillagenearNuremberglivedafamilywitheighteenchildren.DespitethehopelessconditiontwoofthechildrenAlbrechtDurerandhiselderbrotherAlbertDurerhadadream.Theybothwantedtobecomeartists.Aftermanylongdiscussionsthetwoboysfinallyworkedoutanagreement.Theywouldtoss投掷acoin.Theloserwouldgodowntothenearbyminesandwithhisearningssupporthisbrotherwhileheattendedtheacademy大学.Thenwhenthatbrothercompletedhisstudiesinfouryearshewouldsupporttheotherattheacademy.TossingacoinAlbrechtwonandwentofftoNuremberg.Albertwentdowntothedangerousminesandforthenextfouryearssupportedhisbrotherwhoseworkattheacademywasexcellent.BythetimeAlbrechtgraduatedhehadearnedalotofmoneyforhisworksofart.WhentheyoungartistreturnedtohisvillageAlbrechtthankedhisbrotherfortheyearsofsupportthatenabledhimtorealizehisdream.AndnowAlbertitisyourturn.NowyoucangotoNurembergtogoforyourdreamandIwilltakecareofyou.TearsrunningdownhisfaceAlbertsaidNobrother.IcannotgotoNuernberg.ItistoolateformE.Lookwhatfouryearsinthemineshasdonetomyhands!Ihavebeensufferingfromarthritis关节炎sobadlythatIcannotevenholdawineglass.Nobrother...formeitistoolate!LaterAlbrechtDurerdrewhisbrother’shands.HecalledhisdrawingsimplyHandsandlateritwasrenamedThePrayingHands.Morethan500yearshavepasseD.AmongtheworksofAlbrechtDurerThePrayingHandsisprobablythemostfamiliartopeoplE.Reproductionsofithanginpeople’shomesoroffices.Nexttimeyouseeacopyofthattouchingpaintingtakeasecondlook.Letitbeyourreminder—ifyoustillneedone—nooneevermakesitalone!Whydidthetwobrothersworkouttheagreement?A.Theywerecuriousabouttheresult.B.Theirfamilycouldn’taffordtheirattendingtheacademy.C.Theyhadtosupporttheothersistersandbrothersinthefamily.D.Neitherofthemwantedtostudyintheacademy.Whycouldn’tAlbertgototheacademyafterfouryears?A.AlbrechtchangedhismindandrefusedtosupportAlbert.B.AlbrechtwasnotabletoearnenoughmoneytosupportAlbert.C.Albertdidn’thaveagreatloveforpaintinganymorE.D.Albertcouldn’tholdapenorbrushtopaint.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ItprovedthatAlbrechtwasnotgoodatpainting.B.Albrechtcouldn’tearnanymoneywhilehewasstudyingattheacademy.C.YearsofhardworkintheminesbroughtgreatsufferingtoAlbert.D.InthepaintingThePrayingHandsthehandswereAlbrecht’s.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimply暗示?A.Youcanachievesuccessallonyourown.B.CooperationisimportantifyouwanttosucceeD.C.Thereisotherpeople’ssacrifice牺牲behindyoursuccess.D.NoonewillsucceedwithoutworkingharD.
IfyouaskpeopletonametheonepersonwhohadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguageyouwillgetanswerslikeShakespeareSamuelJohnsonandWebsterbutnoneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamanwhodidn'tevenspeakEnglish-WilliamtheConqueror.Before1066inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.Inthewest-centralregionlivedtheWelshwhospokeaCelticlanguageandinthenorthlivedtheScotswhoselanguagethoughnotthesameasWelshwasalsoCeltiC.IntherestofthecountrylivedtheSaxonsactuallyamixtureofAnglosSaxonsandotherGermanicandNordicpeopleswhospokewhatwenowcallAnglo-SaxonorOldEnglishaGermaniclanguagE.IfthisstateofaffairshadlastedEnglishtodaywouldbeclosetoGerman.Butthisstateofaffairsdidnotlast.In1066theNormansledbyWilliamdefeatedtheSaxonsandbegantheirruleoverEnglanD.ForaboutacenturyFrenchbecametheofficiallanguageofEnglandwhileOldEnglishbecamethelanguageofpeasants.AsaresultEnglishwordsofpoliticsandthelawcomefromFrenchratherthanGerman.InsomecasesmodemEnglishevenshowsadistinction区别betweenupper-classFrenchandlower-classAnglo-Saxoninitswords.WeevenhavedifferentwordsforsomefoodsmeatinparticulardependingonwhetheritisstillOutinthefieldsorathomereadytobecookedwhichshowsthefactthattheSaxonpeasantsweredoingthefarmingwhiletheupper-classNormansweredoingmostoftheeating.WhenAmericansvisitEuropeforthefirsttimetheyusuallyfindGermanymoreforeignthanFrancebecausetheGermantheyseeonsignsandadvertisementsseemsmuchmoredifferentfromEnglishthanFrenchdoes.FewrealizethattheEnglishlanguageisactuallyGermanicinitsbeginningandthattheFrenchinfluencesarealltheresultofoneman'sambition.67.ThetwomajorlanguagesspokeninwhatisnowcalledGreatBritainbefore1066were_____.A.WelshandScottishB.NordicandGermanicC.CelticandOldEnglishD.Anglo-SaxonandGermanic68.WhichofthefollowinggroupsofwordsarebyinferencerootedinFrench?A.presidentlawyerbeefB.presidentbreadwaterC.breadfieldsheepD.folkfieldcow69.WhydoesFranceappearlessforeignthanGermanytoAmericansontheirfirstvisittoEurope?A.MostadvertisementsinFranceappearinEnglish.B.TheyknowlittleofthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguagE.C.ManyFrenchwordsaresimilartoEnglishones.D.TheyknowFrenchbetterthanGerman.70.Whatisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?A.ThehistoryofGreatBritain.B.ThesimilaritybetweenEnglishandFrench.C.TheruleofEnglandbyWilliamtheConqueror.D.TheFrenchinfluencesontheEnglishlanguagE.
C.Manypeopleoftensaythereismorestressintoday'ssocietythaninyearspast.Infactthesepeoplearecomparingourliveswiththatofthecavemanwhodidn'thavetoworryaboutthestockmarketortheatomicbomB.Theyforgetthatthecavemanworriedaboutbeingeatenbyahearwhilehewasasleeporaboutdyingofhunger--thingsthatfewpeopleworrymuchabouttoday.Actuallystressisanormalstateofaffairsandit'simportantthatpeopleunderstandwhattheyaretalkingaboutwhentheyspeakaboutstress.Wheneveranyoneexperiencessomethingunpleasantforlackofabetterwordtheysaytheyareunderstress.Yetthereissuchathingaspleasantstress--asinthecaseoftheOlympicwinneratthemomentofhisgloryoraconductorashisorchestraperformsparticularlywell.Theyarejustsendingoutexcitementandtheyaregivingoffallthestresshormonesexactlythesameasiftheywereinlowspiritsorhadjustheardofadeathinthefamily.Wecallthepleasantorhealthykindeustressandtheunpleasantorunhealthykinddistress.Thenhowcanpeopledealwithstress?Thesecretisnottoavoiditbuttodoyourownthing.ItimpliesdoingwhatyouliketodoandwhatyouaremadetodoatyourownspeeD.Formostpeopleitisreallyamatteroflearninghowtoliveandhowtobehaveinvarioussituationstodecide:DoIreallywanttotakemyfather'sbusinessorbeamusician?IfyoureallywanttobeamusicianthenbeonE.64.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A.Modernpeopleexperiencesmorestressthanthecaveman.B.ThecavemanexperiencedmorestressthanmodernpeoplE.C.Peopledon'tsuffermorestresstoday;it'sjustthattheythinktheydo.D.ModernpeoplehavethesameworriesasthecavemandiD.65.Inwhichofthefollowingsituationswillyoufeeleustress?A.YourfavoritefootballteamhaslostanimportantgamE.B.Youhavefailedanimportantexamination.C.YouareinformedofanaccidentofyourbestfrienD.D.YouhavewonthefirstprizeinanEnglishcompetition.66Thepurposeofwritingthepassageistoletusknow_________________________.A.stressdoesnotnecessarilyrefertounpleasantexperienceB.distressiswhatpeoplecallthepleasantkindofstressC.anOlympicwinnerfeelsthesamestressasonewholosesafamilymemberD.peoplewillfeeleustressanddistressatthesametime67.Accordingtothepassagehowcanpeopledealwithstress?A.Dothingsthatyoureallywanttodo.B.Dowhateveryou'reexpectedtodo.C.Trytodothingssuccessfully.D.Refusetodowhateveryou'retoldto.
CSteppingintoapoolofwateriscommonenoughbutwhocouldeverimaginestoppingintoapooloffish?InFebruaryof1974BillTappanAustralianfarmersawarainoffishthatcoveredhisfarm.Howsurprisedhemusthavebeenwhenheheardmanyfishhittingagainsthisroof!Whatcausedthisstrangeoccurrence?Thisisaquestionthathadlongpuzzledpeoplewhostudyfish.Theanswerturnedouttobeacombinationofwindandstorm.WhenitisspringinthenorthernpartoftheworlditisfallinAustraliaThroughouttheautumnseasonterriblestormsariseandrainsfloodtheland.ThestrongwindssweepoverAustralialikehugevacuum真空cleanerscollectingseaweedpiecesofwoodandevenschoolsoffish.Thesecondthingadictionarywilltellyouthepronunciation.Mostdictionariesgivephonetic语音的orsoundalphabet音标.Thephoneticalphabetshowspronunciation.Thethirdthingadictionarywilltellyouthemeaningofwords.Youcanlookupawordandfindoutwhatitmeans.Manywordshavemorethanonemeaningandagooddictionarywilltellyouauoftheword'smeanings.ForexampleinEnglishthecommonwordgethasover20differentmeanings.49.Manywordshave_____________.A.severalmeaningsB.onemeaningC.fewmeaningsD.nomeaning50.Agooddictionarywilltellyou____________.A.moreofword'spronunciationB.moreoftheword'smeaningsC.moreofgrammarD.moreoftheword'sspelling.51.Phoneticalphabetsareusedtoshow.A.handwritingsB.spellingC.meaningsD.pronunciation52.Howmanyimportantthingswillmostdictionariestellyou?A.FourB.FiveC.ThreeD.Two
LondonUndergroundTheworld’sfirstsubwaywasbuiltinLondonin1863.AtthetimethegovernmentwaslookingforawaytoreducetrafficproblemsinthecityofLondon.Thepoorareasofthecityweresocrowdedwithpeoplethatitwasalmostimpossibleforhorsecarriagestogetthrough.ThecityofficialswereinterestedintryingtomakeitpossibleforworkerstoliveoutsideofLondonandtraveleasilytoworkeachday.Ifpeoplehadacheapandconvenientwaythattheycoulddependontogotoandfromworktheywouldrelocatetheirhomesoutsideofthecity.Thiswouldhelpease减轻thepressureoftoomanypeoplelivinginthepoorpartsofLondon.FromtheseproblemstheideaoftheLondonUndergroundthefirstsubwaysystemwasborn.TheplansforbuildingtheUndergroundmetwithseveralproblemsanddelaysbutthefasttrackwasfinallyopenedinJanuary1863.A.steamtrainpulledthecarsalongthefastundergroundtrackwhichwas6kilometers3.7mileslong.About30000peoplegotonthesubwaythefirstday.Ridersweretreatedtocomfortableseatsstandingupwhilethetrainwasmovingwasnotallowedandpleasantdecorationsinsideeachofthecars.Howeverthesmokefromtheenginesoonfilledtheairinthetunnelswithashandsoot煤灰aswellaschemicalgases.FanshadtobeputinthetunnelslatertokeeptheaircleanenoughforpeopletobreathE.EvenwithitsproblemsridingintheUndergrounddidcatchon.Itcarried9millionridersinitsfirstyear.40.WhatledtheBritishgovernmenttobuildtheLondonUndergroundA.Trafficjamsandpollution.B.Populationandpollution.C.Overcrowdingandtrafficjams.D.Thepovertyandsubwayproblems.41.HowdidtheLondonUndergroundsolvethesmokeproblemA.Itmadethetunnelslarger.B.Itputfansinthetunnels.C.Itcleanedthechemicalgasesinthetunnels.D.Itreducedthenumberofpassengersridinginthetrain.42.Theunderlinedphrasecatchonmostprobablymeans______.A.betroublesomeB.becomepopularandfashionableC.keepupwithD.seize43.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEA.Torelocatetheworkers’homesoutsideLondonthegovernmentbuiltthesubway.B.Thereweresomanyproblemsanddelaysthatin18thcenturythefirstsubwayopeneD.C.ThesubwaygreatlyeasedthepressureoftraffiC.D.TherewerenotenoughseatsforthepassengersthefirstdaythesubwayopeneD.
CPeoplehavelongdebatedtheessence本质ofhumannaturE.SomepeoplethinkhumansareborngooD.InSanZiJingThreeChara~erClassicaChinesechildren’seducationalbookfromthe13thcenturywereadMenatbirtharenaturallygooD.Theirnaturesaresimilartheirhabitsbecomedifferent.’’Yetsomephilosophersdisagreewiththis.Theythinkmenarebornselfishandvicious恶的.ForexampleThomasHobbesthe17thcenturyEnglishphilosopherarguedthatmenarebornself-interestedandwithalikingforwar.Overthecenturiesdifferentphilosophershavearguedtheircases.Nowtheresultsofanewstudywhichcontraststhebehaviorofveryyoungchildrenandyoungchimpanzees黑猩猩suggeststhathumanbeingsarebornsociableandhelpfultoothersaccordingtoaNewYorkTimesreport.OfcourseeveryanimalmusttosomeextentbeselfishtosurvivE.Butthebiologistsalsoseeinhumansanaturalwillingnesstohelp.TheNewYorkTimessciencereporterNicholasWadewrites.WadequotesabookpublishedinOctoberbyAmericanpsychologistMichaelTomasello.TomasellowritesWheninfants婴儿18monthsoldseeanunrelatedadultwhosehandsarefullandwhoneedshelpopeningadoororpickingupadroppedclothespintheywillimmediatelyhelp.Thehelpingbehaviorseemstobeinnatebecauseitappearssoearlyandbeforemanyparentsstartteachingchildrentherulesofpolitebehavior.’’Tomasellofindsthatthisbehaviorisnottheresultofanincentive动机ofarewardsuggestingtrainingdoesnotinfluenceit.Anditseemstohappenacrosscultureswiththeirdifferenttimetablesforteachingsocialrules.ForthesereasonsTomamselloconcludedthathelpingisnaturalnotsomethingtaughtbyparentsorculturE.AnditseemsthatinfantscannotonlyhelpinpracticalwaysitcanalsohelpwithinformationTomasellowrites.Fromtheageof12monthstheywillpointatobjectsthinalladultpretendstohavelost.ChimpanzeesbycontrastneverpointatthingsforeachotherandwhentheypointforpeoplE.itseemstobeasacommandtogofetchsomethingratherthantoshareinformation.49.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.Thebehaviorofyoungchildren.B.FormerphilosophiesabouthumannaturE.C.Thedifferencebetweenbabiesandbabychimpanzees.D.AnewstudyofhumannaturE.50.AccordingtoMichaelTomasellohumanbeingsareborn__________.A.similartochimpanzeesinnatureB.selfishandViciousC.sociableandhelpfulD.withalikingforwar51.Ofallthefollowing__________hasanegativeattitudetowardshumannaturE.A.ThreeCharacterB.ThomasHobbesC.NicholasWadeD.MichaelTomasello52.Accordingtothestudyit'ssafetosaythat__________.A.humanbeingsarenotselfishB.childrenliketohelpotherswhentheygetarewardC.differentcountriesteachsocialrulesatdifferenttimesD.childrentendtobehelpfuliftheyaretaughtearly
LONDON:Whatcouldpossiblybewrongwithplantingtrees?Theadvantagesareobvious;theyfirmthesoilsoakup摄取extrawaterandtakecarbondioxide二氧化碳outoftheatmospherE.Howeveritnowturnsoutthatplantingtreescouldaddtoglobalwarming.Treerootsdoagreatjobofkeepingsoilfirmlyonthegroundandoutofthewind’spower.TheproblemisthatsomeofthosedustcloudsplayanimportantpartinsoakingupcarbondioxidE.HugeduststormsblowoutovertheoceansfromdrypartsofNorthAfricaandcentralAsiA.TonsofdustareliftedandleftasathinfilmovertheoceansurfacE.ThedustfuelsoceaniclifE.DustfromChinaiscarriedeastandleftinthePacificOcean.Ifatree-plantingprogrammethereissuccessfulandthedustsupplyreducedthenetresultmaybethatlesscarbondioxidegetslockedawayintheocean.AndyRidgwellanenvironmentalscientistfromtheUniversityofEastAngliahasspentthepastfewyearsstudyingdustandsayshisworkshowsclearlythecomplexityofthesystemandtheimportanceofnottinkering粗劣地修补withitwithoutunderstandingtheresults.Forthisreasonthereistheneedtofocus集中oncuttingcarbondioxidegivingoffratherthanmonkeying瞎弄aboutwiththelandsurfacE.AnAmericanscientistRobertJacksonhasshownthatwhennativegrasslandareasareinvaded侵入bytreescarbonislostfromthesoil.WearestudyingwhythesoilcarbondisappearsbutonetheoryisthattreesdoalotmoreoftheirgrowingabovegroundcomparedtograssessolesscarbongoesdirectlyintothesoilfromtreessaysJackson.Inwetareasoftheworldthegainfromtreesabsorbingcarbondioxideabovegroundseemstobeoutweighed超过bythelossofcarbonfromthesoilbelowgrounD.Countriesthatplantocombatglobalwarmingbyplantingtreesmayhavetothinkagain.Solutions解决办法toenvironmentalproblemsareoftenmorecomplexthantheyfirstappearandunderstandingtheEarth’sclimateisaverygreatchallengE.60.Peopleusuallyholdtheopinionthat________A.hugeduststormscandestroycarbondioxideB.hugeduststormscandestroytheoceansontheearthC.hugeduststormscan’tdoanythingbeneficialformanD.plantingtreesistheonlywaytocontrolhugeduststorms61.AndyRidgwelltheenvironmentalscientistbelievesthat________.A.dustplaysamoreimportantpartthantreesB.treesshouldn’thavebeenplantedindryplacesC.carbondioxideisharmfultoeverythingontheearthD.environmentalproblemsaremorecomplexthanexpected62.RobertJackson’sexperimentprovesthat________.A.grasslandareasshouldbecoveredbyforestsB.treesholdmorecarbonthangrassC.carboncanturngrassintodustD.lesscarboncanmaketreesgrowfaster63.Theunderlinedwordcombatinthelastparagraphmeans_______.A.learnaboutB.fightagainstC.livewithD.giveup
SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedABC.andD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustreaD.A.Fromsnow-cloggedmountainroadstodeserthighwaysfreewaystocrowdedcitystreetsCaliforniansfaceavarietyoftoughdrivingconditions.Butthankstosavvydrivingtheyconsumeproportionatelylessgasolinetherestofthenation.HeresometipsfromtheGoldenStatethatwillhelpdriversalloverthecountrytogetupto25%moremilespergallon!BySUSANNESTORFREEWAYFRENZY●Trytomaintainasteadyspeed—especiallyonfreewaysandexpressways.Neverexceedasteady55mph.Varyingspeedbyaslittleas5mphcanreducemileageby1.5milespergallon.AvoidconstantlanechangestogetaheaD.●Buyradialtyres.Ifyoudoalotofexpresswaydrivingtheycanincreasemileagebyasmuchas10%.YourfuelsavingswillpayforthehighertyrepricE.ONCITYSTREETS●PlanyourroutE.Citydrivingconsumesabout50%morefuelthanhighwaydriving100%moreincrowedtraffic.Alwayschoosearoutewithsynchronizedtrafficsignalstogetthebestrunforyourmoney.●Avoidunnecessarybraking.Anticipate预期trafficlightchanges;ittakesalotofextragastogetthecaruptospeedagain.COLD●InwinterkeepthecarinagaragE.Itwillstartupeasierandstart-uptimeiswhenyouusethemostgasolinE.Nogarage?Covertheenginecompartmentwithanoldblanketorrugtoshielditfromcoldwinds;removebeforestartingup.●Removealliceandsnow.Drivinginsnowconsumesmoregasanyway;nosensehaulingaroundextraweight.65.Alltheseaboveare______fordrivers.A.noticesB.tipsC.lessonsD.advertisements66.Highwaydrivingcanuseabout______fuelthancitydriving.A.20%moreB.20%lessC.50%moreD.50%less67.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.InwinteryouwillhavedifficultystartingupacarifitiskeptinagaragE.B.Driversshouldavoidnecessarybreakingandconstantlanechanges.C.A.steady65mphistheidealspeedtosavegasolinE.D.Radialtyrescanhelpincreasemileageinexpresswaydriving.
BScientistshavedevisedawaytodetermineroughlywhereapersonhaslivedusingastrand缕ofhairatechniquethatcouldhelptrackthemovementsofcriminalsuspectsorunidentifiedmurdervictims.Themethodreliesonmeasuringhowchemicalvariationsindrinkingwatershowupinpeople’shair.You’rewhatyoueatanddrinkandthat’srecordedinyourhairsaidThureCeilingageologistattheUniversityofUtah.WhileU.S.dietisrelativelyidenticalwatersuppliesvary.Thedifferencesresultfromweatherpatterns.ThechemicalcompositionofrainfallchangesslightlyasraincloudsmovE.Mosthydrogenandoxygenatomsinwaterarestablebuttracesofbothelementsarealsopresentasheavierisotopes同位素.Theheaviestrainfallsfirst.AsaresultstormsthatformoverthePacificdeliverheavierwatertoCaliforniathantoUtah.SimilarpatternsexistthroughouttheU.S.BymeasuringtheproportionofheavierhydrogenandoxygenisotopesalongastrandofhairscientistscanconstructageographictimelinE.Eachinchofhaircorrespondstoabouttwomonths.Cerling’steamcollectedtapwatersamplesfrom600citiesandconstructedamapoftheregionaldifferences.Theycheckedtheaccuracyofthemapbytesting200hairsamplescollectedfrom65barbershops.Theywereabletoaccuratelyplacethehairsamplesinbroadregionsroughlycorrespondingtothemovementofrainsystems.It’snotgoodforpinpointing精确定位CedingsaiD.It’sgoodforeliminatingmanypossibilities.ToddParkalocaldetectivesaidthemethodhashelpedhimlearnmoreaboutanunidentifiedwomanwhoseskeletonwasfoundnearGreatSaltLakE.Thewomanwas5feettall.Policerecovered26bonesaT-shirtandseveralstrandsofhair.WhenParkheardabouttheresearchhegavethehairsamplestotheresearchers.Chemicaltestingshowedthatoverthetwoyearsbeforeherdeathshemovedabouteverytwomonths.ShestayedintheNorthwestalthoughthetestcouldnotbemorespecificthansomewherebetweeneasternOregonandwesternWyoming.It’sstillasubstantialareaParksaiD.ButitnarrowsitwaydownformE.61.Accordingtothepassagescientists’newdiscoveryisthat.A.One’shairgrowthhastodowiththeamountofwatertheydrink.B.A.person’shairmayrevealwheretheyhaveliveD.C.Hairanalysisaccuratelyidentifiescriminalsuspects.D.Thechemicalcompositionofhairvariesfrompersontoperson.62.TheunderlinedsentenceYou’rewhatyoueatanddrinkLine1ParA.3means.A.Foodanddrinkaffectone’spersonalitydevelopment.B.Foodanddrinkpreferencesvarywithindividuals.C.Foodanddrinkleavetracesinone’sbodytissues.D.Foodanddrinkareindispensabletoone’sexistencE.63.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftherainfallinAmerica’sWest?A.ThereismuchmorerainfallinCaliforniathaninUtah.B.ThewateritdeliversbecomeslighterwhenitmovesinlanD.C.Itschemicalcompositionislessstablethaninotherareas.D.ItgathersmorelightisotopesasitmoveseastwarD.64.Cerling’steamproduced__________intheirresearch?A.amapshowingtheregionaldifferencesoftapwaterB.acollectionofhairsamplesfromvariousbarbershopsC.amethodtomeasuretheamountofwaterinhumanhairD.achartillustratingthemovementoftherainsystem65.WhatisthepracticalvalueofCerling’sresearch?A.Ithelpsanalyzethequalityofwaterindifferentregions.B.IthelpsthepolicedeterminewhereacrimeiscommitteD.C.Ithelpsthepolicenarrowdownpossibilitiesindetectivework.D.Ithelpsidentifythedrinkinghabitsofthepersonunderinvestigation.
Intheearly80’sIwalkedacrosstheBurrardBridgeinVancouver.Notalonehowever.Withmeweremorethan50000personsmostlyofmygenerationontheWalkforPeacE.LovingpeaceIthinkisoneofthreeimportantqualitiesofmygeneration.ThatdesireforpeacehasbeenanimportantcharacteristicofmygenerationforalongtimE.Igrewupinthe60’sandearly70’s.Atthattimemanyofustookpartindemonstrations示威游行againsttheVietnamWar.Manypeopleofmygenerationhavedevotedtheirlivestoworldpeaceandlatelywehaveseensuccess:USandRussiannuclearweaponsarehalftheir1980levelsandnucleardisarmament裁减军备isagreeduponworldwidE.Anothercharacteristicofmygenerationisourparticipationinthemarriagerevolution.Wewerethefirstgenerationthathadaccesstosafeandreliablebirthcontrol.TheideaoffreelovemadeiteasierformenandwomentosafelyexpresstheirlovebeforemarriagE.Themarriagerevolutiongaveuspowerespeciallytowomenandtheworldwaschangedforever.Themostimportantcharacteristichoweveristhatmanyofusaredeeplyconcernedabouttheenvironment.Theresultsofmygeneration’sactivitiescanbeseeneverywherE.AlthoughnotallofushaveparticipateditissurethatwewillcontinuetohavealargeimpactonNorthAmericA.Wearenearing50yearsoldanagewherepeopleofmygenerationwillbecomesuccessfulinpoliticsandthenwhoknowswhatchangeswillcomE.59.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtothecharacteristicsoftheauthor’sgeneration?A.Travellingpeacefully.B.ThewishforpeacE.C.Beliefintheideaoffreelove.D.Protectingtheenvironment.60.Mygenerationmaybepeoplebornbetween________.A.the50sand60sB.the60sand70sC.the70sand80sD.the80sand90s61.Thepassageimpliesthat________.A.mostoftheauthor’sgenerationdiedforworldpeaceB.allthecountriesagreedtoremovethenuclearweaponsC.thedemonstrationsagainsttheVietnamWarachievedsuccessD.someoftheauthor’sgenerationmayhavegreaterinfluenceonthecountry
ERightandWrongSupposeyouworkinalibrarycheckingpeople'sbooksastheyleaveandafriendasksyoutolethimstealahard-to-findreferencebookthathewantstoown.Youmighthesitate犹豫toagreeforvariousreasons.Youmightbeafraidthathe'llbecaughtandthatbothyouandhewillthengetintotroublE.Youmightwantthebooktostayinthelibrarysothatyoucanreadityourself.Butyoumayalsothinkthatwhatheproposesiswrong--thatheshouldn'tdoitandyoushouldn'thelphim.Ifyouthinkthatwhatdoesitmeanandwhatifanythingmakesittrue?Tosayit'swrongisnotjusttosayit'sagainsttherules.Therecanbebadruleswhichstopwhatisn'twrong--likeacompanyruleagainstcriticizingtheboss.A.rulecanalsobebadbecauseitrequiressomethingthatiswrong--likealawthatlooksdownuponblackpeopleinhotelsandrestaurants.Theideasofwrongandrightaredifferentfromtheideasofwhatisandisnotagainsttherules.Ifyouthinkitwouldbewrongtohelpyourfriendstealthebookthenyouwillfeeluncomfortableaboutdoingitinsomewayyouwon'twanttodoitevenifyouarealsounwillingtorefusetohelpafrienD.Wheredoesthedesirenottodoitcomefrom?Whatisitsmotive动机behindit?Therearevariouswaysinwhichsomethingcanbewrongbutinthiscaseifyouhadtoexplainityou'dprobablysaythatitwouldbeunfairtootherusersofthelibrary.Theymaybejustasinterestedinthebookasyourfriendisbutreaditinthereferenceroomwhereanyonewhoneedsitcanfindit.Thesethoughtshavetodowitheffectsonothers--notnecessarilyeffectsontheirfeelingssincetheymayneverfindoutaboutitbutsomekindofdamagE.Ingeneralthethoughtthatsomethingiswrongdependsonitsimpact影响力notjustonthepersonwhodoesitbutonotherpeoplE.77.ThefollowingmaybethereasonswhythelibrariandosnotwanttohelphisfriendexceptthatA.heisafraidthathisfriendmightgetintotroublE.B.hehimselfmightgetintotroublE.C.hebelievesitiswrongtohelpone’spoorfrienD.D.hewantstoreadthebookhimself.78.Whydoestheauthorgivesomeexamplesofbadrules?A.Becausethoserulesaresaidtobestronglynegative否定.B.Becausehewantstoshowthatrulesarenotthecriteria标准forjudgingrightorwrong.C.Becausethoserulesaremadeinordertostopwhatiswrong.D.BecausehewantstosupporttheargumentthatstealingabookisnotacrimE.79.InthesentenceWhatisitsmotive动机behindit?Paragraph4itrefersto.A.theitinthephrasethedesirenottodoit.B.thedesireinthephrasethedesirenottodoit.C.theideaofParagraph5.D.theideaofhelpingthefrienD.80.AccordingtothepassagetheauthorwouldjudgewhatiswrongA.bywhatisorisnotagainsttherules.B.byitsimpactonotherpeoplE.C.byone’sthoughtsandfeelingstowardsit.D.bythekindofdamageitdoestoothes.
DespiteallthereportsofInternetsecurityattacksovertheyearsincludingtherecentonesonGoogle’se-mailservicemanypeoplehavereactedtothebreak-inswithashrug耸肩.Mr.Shulmanandhiscompanyexaminedalistof32millionpasswordsthatanunknownhackerstolelastmonthfromRockYouacompanythatmakessoftwareforusersofsocialnetworkingsiteslikeFacebookandMySpacE.ThelistwasbrieflypostedontheWebandhackersandsecurityresearchersdownloadedit.Thelistprovidedanunusuallydetailedwindowintocomputerusers’passwordhabits.TypicallyonlygovernmentagenciesliketheF.B.I.ortheNationalSecurityAgencyhavehadaccesstosuchalargepasswordlist.SomeWebsitestrytokeepbacktheattackersbyfreezinganaccountforacertainperiodoftimeiftoomanyincorrectpasswordsaretypeD.ButexpertssaythatthehackerssimplylearntotrickthesystembymakingguessesatanacceptablerateforinstancE.ToimprovesecuritysomeWebsitesareforcinguserstomixlettersnumbersandevensymbolsintheirpasswords.OtherslikeTwitterpreventpeoplefrompickingcommonpasswords.StillresearcherssaysocialnetworkingandentertainmentWebsitesoftentrytomakelifesimplerfortheirusersandarereluctanttoputtoomanycontrolsinplacE.EvencommercialsiteslikeeBaymustweightheconsequencesoffreezingaccountssinceahackercouldsaytrytowinanauction拍卖byfreezingtheaccountsofotherpotentialbuyers.Butowingtotherealityofourovercrowdedbrainstheexpertssuggestthateveryonechooseatleasttwodifferentpasswords—acomplexoneforWebsiteswheresecurityisvitalsuchasbanksande-mailandasimpleroneforlessriskyplacessuchassocialnetworkingandentertainmentsites.Mr.Mossreliesonpasswordsatleast12characterslongfiguringthatthosemakehimamoredifficulttargetthanthemillionsofpeoplewhochoosefive-andsix-characterpasswords.It’slikethejokewherethehikersrunintoabearintheforestandthehikerthatsurvivesistheonewhooutrunshiscompanionsMr.MosssaiD.Youjustwanttorunthatbitfaster.59.TheunderlinedsentenceManypeoplehavereactedtothebreak-inswithashrugshowsthatmanypeople______.don’ttakeseriouslythehacker’sbreak-insareworriedandfrightenedatthehacker’sbreak-insdon’tknowwhattodowiththehacker’sattacksareeagertogethelpsfromtheexperts60.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingwebsitesneedsamorecomplexpassword?A.socialwebsitE.AnentertainmentwebsitE.A.commercialwebsitE.A.governmentwebsitE.61.TheInternetusersareadvisedto______inordertokeepbackthehackers.mixlettersnumbersandsymbolsaswellchoosepasswordswithatleast12characterschoosepasswordswith5or6characterschooseatleasttwodifferentpasswords62.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?PasswordSimpleorComplex?PopularPasswordsHighRisk!CleverHackersStupidNetizens.HackertheEnemyofInternetSecurity.
C.Study-abroadprogramsareagreatwaytolearnaboutdifferentcultures.Sometimesstudentsdon’thavethemoneytojoinintheseprograms.Thatiswhyscholarshipsforstudy-abroadprogramsarestartingtobecomepoplar.Study-abroadprogramscanoftenbequiteexpensivE.Findingscholarshipsisnotthatdifficult.Usuallyyoucanjustvisitthestudy-abroadofficeatyoureducationalinstitutionoreventhefinancialservicesofficE.Theywillhavealargedirectoryofavailablescholarships.IfyourschooldoesnothavetheseofficesyoucanjustquicklyhavealookontheInternetandfindawidevarietyofscholarshipsyoumightqualifyfor.Thecredentials资历youneedtobeconsideredforascholarshipvarygreatly.Buttobeacandidateforanyscholarshipyougenerallyneedtohavegoodgradesbeanoutstandingpersonandbeabletotakefulladvantageoftheopportunitiespresentedtoyou.Youwillbeabletoshowwhyyouareagoodcandidatethroughtheapplicationprocess.Theapplicationprocessforeachscholarshipvarieswhichusuallyincludessubmittinganacademicrecordanessayandsometimesaninterview.Usuallyyouwillhavetosubmityouracademicrecords.Theadministratorsofthescholarshipwillknowthatyoutakeyouracademicstudiesseriously.Nextyouusuallyneedtowriteanessay.ThiscouldbeonawidevarietyofsubjectsbuttheyusuallyfocusonsomethingrelatedtowhyyoushouldgetthisscholarshiptodeterminehowmuchyouwantthescholarshipandhowgoodofacandidateyouwouldbE.Afterthisthefinalfewapplicantsmaybeaskedinforaninterviewtolearnaboutyouandwhyyouwouldbeagoodrecipientofthescholarship.Ifyousatisfyalltheserequirementsthereisagoodchanceyouwillgetascholarship.Ifyoudon’thaveenoughmoneydon’tgiveupbutuseplentyofscholarshipopportunitiesforyou!51.Whatdowelearnaboutstudy-abroadprogramsfromthepassage?A.Theyareoftenquitecheaptoapplyfor.B.Theyareverydifficulttoapplyfor.C.Theyaregoodtoolsforlearningothercultures.D.Theyareonlyfoundinthestudy-abroadofficesincolleges.52.Toapplyforascholarshipthewriterdoesn’tmentionthecredentialthat_______.A.Youneedtospeakaforeignlanguagewell.B.youneedtohavegoodmarksatschool.C.youneedtobeanexcellentstudent.D.youneedtoknowwhentousetheopportunitiesbeforeyou.53.Themainpurposeofthepassageis_______.A.tointroducetheadvantagesofstudy-abroadprograms.B.toshowuswhyscholarshipsforstudy-abroadprogramsarepopularC.tosuggestwhereonecanfindsuitablestudy-abroadprogramsD.toprovidetipsonapplyingforscholarshipsforstudy-abroadprograms54.Toprovewhetheryoutakeyouracademicstudiesseriouslyyoushould____.A.writeanessayonwhyyoushouldgetthisscholarshipB.submityouracademicrecordsC.beinterviewedbytheadministratorsofthescholarshipD.proveyouareagoodrecipientofthescholarship55.Inwhichpartofanewspaperwouldyoumostprobablyreadthispassage?A.EducationB.FashionC.BusinessD.Entertainment
Thehousewasquietat5A.m.andTim'smotherwasasleep.Onlythesoundofthebigfreezerbrokethequiet.He'ddreamtofthecavelastnight.Thepurring轻微颤动声ofthefreezerhadbeentheseA.Timpulledonasweaterandputsomeapplesintohisschoolbag.Itwastooearlyforbreakfast.He'deatafterhe'dbeenthroughthecavesittingontherocksandstaringattheseA.Hewishedhehadaproperpack.Hisschoolbagwouldhavetodo.Whatelse?Sandwiches-buthismothermightwakeupifhestartedpullingoutbreadforsandwichesshe'dwanttoknowwhyhehadtoleavesoearly.Hesettledforsomebiscuitsandleftanotestucktothetable:GonetoMichael's.BacktonightTim.Theskywashighandsoftandlightoutsidethoughthesunstillwasn'tup.Eventhehighwayupthehillwasquietashemadehiswaydownthestreet.Thewindfromtheseawasfreshandsweet.Thesandhillsstillbreathedheatfromyesterday'ssunthoughthetopofthesandwascool.Herandowntothebeachimpatientlybuttherewasnoonejustdrysanddancingintheearlywindandseabirdsmarchingupanddownwatchingthewaves.Thelightchangedsuddenly.Thefirstraysofsunlightstretched延伸acrosstheseA.ThesunwaspushingitswayovertheedgeoftheworlD.Overthefirstrocksalongtothepoint.Timglancedback.Thebeachwasstillempty.Thesunsailedhigherinthesky.Hecouldseethecavenowevendarkerinthemorninglight.Thesandturnedsilverthendarkgoldasthewaterflowedawayfromit.Hehadtoforcehimselftogocloser.Whywasitsomuchmoremysterious神秘的now?ButitwouldbesillytogobacknowaftersomuchtroublE.Heneedn'tgoinalltheway...43.WhatdidTimdoatthebeginningofthestory?A.Heleftthehousequietly.B.HehadbreakfastathomE.C.Heleftanoteonthefreezer.D.Heputasweaterinhisschoolbag.44.HesettledforsomebiscuitsinParagraph3meansthatTim_______.A.hadtoleavethebiscuitsonthetableB.likedbiscuitsbetterthansandwichesC.hadtotakebiscuitsinsteadofsandwichesD.couldonlyfindsomebiscuitsinthekitchen45.WhatmadeitpossibleforTimtoseetheentrytothecave?A.Theheightofthefirstrocks.B.Theupsanddownsofthewaves.C.Thechangeinthepositionofthesun.D.Thevaststretchofthesunlitbeach.46.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothestory?A.ThesealookedlikeapieceofgolD.B.SeabirdsflewawaywhenTimarriveD.C.Timwastheonlypersononthebeach.D.TheskygotdarkasTimreachedthecavE.47.InthestoryTim'smood心情changedfrom_________.A.lonelinesstocrazinessB.anxiousnesstoexcitementC.helplessnesstohappinessD.eagernesstonervousness
E.ParkinghaslongbeenamajorheadachefordriversinShanghai.TheTransportationDepartmentismappingoutanewplanforthecity’sparkingsystem.ThereareonemillioncarsontheroadinShanghaibutonlyenoughpublicparkingspacetoprovideroomfor15percentofthesevehicles.Itisnowonderthatlocaldriversgetsoworriedtryingtofindaplacetopark.Thecityisseeingariseinprivatecarowners.InMarchthecitysentout2000privatecarlicensesthehighestnumberoflicenseseversentoutinamonth.Andpricesroseto14600yuan500morethaninFebruary.Industryexpertssaythissuggeststhatlocalpeoplehaveastrongactiveinterestinbuyingcars.Bytheyear2020thenumberofautomobilesinShanghaiwillprobablyreachtwomillion.Ifoneparkinglotisforeachcarthenalotofparkingspaceshouldbebuiltforthesevehicles.DowntownShanghaiismostshortofparkingspacE.Howeverexpertspointoutthatsimplybuildingmoreparkinglotsindowntownareasisnotpracticalanddoesn’tprovideanidealsolution.TheideaofPark&RidesystemhasbeensuggesteD.Thismeansthatdriverscanleavetheirvehiclesincarparksnearbysubwayorbusstationsandridepublictransporttogodowntown.Basedonthisideathecitywilllimitthenumberofparkinglotsindowntownareasanddemandhigherparkingfeesbutbuildmoreparkingareasnearmainsubwayandbusstops.72.Theunderlinedphrasemappingoutinthefirstparagraphmeans__________.A.makingB.arguingC.controllingD.inspiring73.About__________driverscanfindplacestoparktheircarsinShanghainow.A.850000B.1000000C.150000D.200000074.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytellus?A.ThecitysentoutmoreprivatelicensesinFebruary.B.LessandlesspeopleboughtcarsinMarch.C.ThecitysentoutlessprivatelicensesinMarch.D.Moreandmorepeoplearegoingtobuycars.75.AccordingtotheideaofaPark&Ridesystemthecitywill__________.A.sendoutmoreprivatecarlicensesB.buildmoreparkinglotsnearbusstopsC.encouragepeopletobuymorecarsD.buildmoreparkingareasindowntown
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AYoucanmakethedifferencebetweenthisandthis.Buthow?ThissummerjointheInternationalConservationScoutsonafun—filledholidaywithadifferencE.Yearafteryearyoungpeoplefromallaroundtheworldgettogetheratoneofoursixteenconservationcamps.TheirsharedaimistohelpprotectthecountrysideanditswildlifE.Manyanimalsandplantsareindangerofdisappearingforever.Thedormouseakindofmouseforexampleneedswoodlandplantsforfoodandtreestostayin.ItshabitatisbeingdestroyedbymananditneedsourhelptosurvivE.Onaconservationcampholidayyou’lllearnallaboutnatureandhowtoprotectit.Ourtrainedleaderswillaccompanyyouandtellyoueverythingyouneedtoknow.Becauseofthisyoudon’tneedanyexperiencejustenergyandenthusiasm.Youwillexplorethecountrysideandworktoensurethesurvivalofhundredsofanimalsandplantsandstillhaveplentyoftimetoenjoythecamp’sexcellentsportgamesandorganizednaturepathsthroughbeautifulscenery.TheInternationalConservationScoutsisaworld—wideorganizationsotheremustbeacampnearyou.Youcanspendasplendidholidayatanyofthecampsforaslittleas￡60includingaccommodationandfooD.Formoreinformationsendforafreeconservationcampshandbooktoday:TheInternationalConservationScoutsStantonSt.JohnOxfordshireOX71TLTHEKEYTOSAVINGWILDLIFEISTOPROTECTNATURALHABITATSYOURWORKWILLMAKEA.DIFFERENCE56.Accordingtothepassageyoucan_________attheconservationcamps.A.doexperimentsontheusualdormouseB.practisenumbersoffavoritehobbiesC.enrichyourknowledgeofwildlifeD.havefreeaccommodationandfood57.Judgingfromitswritingstylethispassageseemstobe________A.apieceofadvertisementfortheyoungB.aserioussciencereportfortheyoungC.apassageforprofessionalreadingD.apassageforarguinganopinion58.TheInternationalConservationScoutsislocatedin_________.A.16differentcountriesB.somecampsnearyouC.theUnitedKingdomD.thebeautifulcountryside
III.阅读共两节满分40分第一节阅读理解共15小题每小题2分满分30分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Manhasinventedfourkindsofsatellites.Thefirstkindofsatellitesstudiesthegeographyoftheearth.Theyareusedtomakemaps.TheyalsohelpcountriestoseewheretheycanfindoilorgolD.Thesecondkindofsatellitesisusedtoguideshipsandplanes.A.shiporaplanecansendamessagetothesatelliteandthesatellitecanfindoutwhereitis.Thethirdkindofsatellitesstudiestheweather.Thesesatelliteswatchcloudsandstrongwindsmovingacrosstheearth.Theywarncountriestomakepreparationswhenverybadweatheriscoming.TheytakephotosoftheearthfrommilesaboveitandsendthephotostoweatherstationsonthegrounD.Thelastkindisusedforcommunication.Telephonecallsbetweencountriescanbesentbythesesatellites.SomecancarryhundredsofcallsatonetimE.ThecallissenttothesatelliteandthenthesatellitesendittothestationinthecountrywhichisbeingphoneD.ThesesatellitesalsocarrypicturestheycansendabouteightprogramsatatimE.1.Ifashipislost___________________andthesatellitewillhelpit.A.itcansendamessagetothesatelliteB.thecaptainoftheshipcallthestationC.itstaystherewaitingD.thesatellitewilltakeaphotoofit2.Whatcan’tasatellitedoaccordingtothepassage?A.TelltheweatherB.SendamessageC.TellthepositionD.Showthetime3.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.A.satellitecandigoutoilandgolD.B.A.satellitecanstopaplanE.C.A.satellitecantakepictures.D.A.satellitecanstopstorms.4.Manycountriessendupsatellitesintospacemainlybecause______.A.theyarehelpfulB.theyarefashionableC.theyshowhowstrongacountryisD.theymakethecountrybeautiful5.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.WheretofindasatelliteB.Howmanykindsofsatellites?C.Whatcanasatellitedo?D.Whatisasatellite?
A.Low-CarbonEconomyLCEorLow-Fossil-FuelEconomyLFFEisaneconomywhichhasasmallestoutputofgreenhousegasGHGreleaseintotheatmospherebutspecificallyreferstothegreenhousegasCO2.RecentlymostofscientificandpublicopinionhascometotheconclusionthatthereissuchanaccumulationofGHGespeciallyCO2intheatmosphereduetohuman-relatedactivitiesthattheclimateischanging.Theover-concentrationofthesegasesisproducingglobalwarmingthataffectslong-termclimatewithnegativeimpactsonhumanityintheforeseeablefuturE.GloballyperformedLCEsthereforeareproposedasameanstoavoidcatastrophicclimatechangeandasaforerunnertothemoreadvancedzero-carbonsocietyandrenewable-energyeconomy.Somenationsarelow-carbonsocietieswhicharenotheavilyindustrializedorpopulateD.Inordertoavoidclimatechangeatanypointinthefutureallnationsconsideredcarbon-thicksocietiesandsocietieswhichareheavilypopulatedshouldbecomezero-carbonsocietiesandeconomies.Severalofthesecountrieshavepromisedtobecome‘lowcarbon’butnotentirelyzerocarbonandclaimthatreleasewillbecutby100%byoffsettingreleaseratherthanstoppingallreleasE.Inotherwordssomereleasewillcontinuewhichwillbeoffsetsotheyarenotlow-releasE.Nationsseektobecomelow-carboneconomiesaspartofanationalglobalwarmingreductionstrategy.A.comprehensivestrategytomanageglobalwarmingiscarbonneutralitygeoengineeringandadaptationtoglobalwarming.NuclearpowerortheproposedstrategiesofcarboncollectionandstorageCCShavebeenproposedastheprimarymeanstoachieveaLCEwhilecontinuingtoexploitnon-renewableresources;thereisconcernhoweverwiththematterofspent-nuclear-fuelstoragesecurityandtheuncertaintyofcostsandtimeneededtosuccessfullycarryoutCCSworldwideandwithguaranteesthatthestoredreleasewillnotleakintotheatmospherE.AlternativelymanyhaveproposedrenewableenergyshouldbethemainbasisofaLCEbuttheyhavetheirassociatedproblemsofhigh-costandinefficiency;thisischanginghoweversinceinvestmentandproductionhavebeengrowingsignificantlyinrecenttimes.FurthermoreregardlessoftheeffecttotheatmospherebyGHGreleasesthegrowingissueofpeakoilmayalsobereasonenoughforachangetoaLCE.63.Low-carboneconomyisencouragedforthefollowingreasonsexceptthat______.A.toomuchgreenhousegasCO2isreleasedB.theover-concentrationofgreenhousegasesisproducingglobalwarmingC.itcanavoidcatastrophicclimatechangeD.lowcarbonandzerocarbonnationsandsocietiesclaimforit64.Theunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraphprobablymeans______.A.warningB.pioneerC.symbolD.guide65.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.NuclearpowercouldactasoneoftheprimarymeanstoachieveaLCE.B.There’sworryaboutspent-nuclear-fuelstoragesecurityandtheuncertaintyofcosts.C.ThestoredreleasewillbelikelytoleakintotheatmospherE.D.RenewableenergytendstobecometheonlymeanstoachieveaLCE.66.Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthatthewriter’sattitudetowardtheproposalofadaptingrenewableenergyis______.A.negativeB.positiveC.self-confidentD.doubtful
EveryChristmasthegianttreeinRockefellerCentersparkleswiththousandsoflights.FromthebeginningwhenconstructionworkersraisedthefirstoneduringthedepthsoftheDepressionithasbeenasymbolofhopE.DianaAbadlikemostAmericanslovedthattreE.In1999howeverDianawaswritingherwill.The33-year-oldwomanfromStatenIslandNewYorkwasdiagnosedwithleukemia白血病andwantedtoputherthingsinorder.DoctorstoldhershehadninemonthstolivE.Herslimchanceforsurvivallayinfindingabonemarrow骨髓donor.Themostlikelysourceforamatchisalwaysamongrelatives--butherfamilywastestedandtherewasnonE.ThenonedayinFebruary2000shegotacallfromthehospitalsayingthatoutofthefourmillionpeopleenrolledintheNationalMarrowDonorProgramRegistrytherewasonlyonematch.Thepotentialdonorwasthinkingaboutit.InMarchthedonoragreedandthetransplantprocedurewasscheduledforMarch27.OnthatdayadoctorcameinwiththemarrowinabagandDianaremembershimsaying:Thisisit.Ifitdoesn’tgraftwithinfourtosixhoursnothingwillbringyouback.Dianaaskedapriest牧师togiveherlastrite祈祷.Almostimmediatelyafterthetwo-hourprocedureshefeltstronger.Doctorstoldheritlookedlikethegrafthadtaken.DonorsareanonymousbutwhenshewasbetterDianasentanotethroughtheRegistry:Youdon’tknowthejoythatIamexperiencingshewrotE.IhopethatonedaywecanmeetandIcanthankyouinperson.ItwasseveralmonthsbeforethedonorreplieD.Atfirsthedidn’tevengivehisnamE.Hewas34-year-oldDavidMasonandhelivedinDedhamMassachusetts.Buteventuallythetwoexchangedphonenumbersandbegantotalk.ThenunexpectedlyandunannouncedheturnedupatherdoorinEnglishtownNewJerseyonDecember23.Shesaysitwasloveatfirstsight.Hesayshedidn’tfeelituntiltheymetthesecondtimE.Thatmeetingbeganalong-distanceromancethatculminated修成正果undertheChristmastreeinRockefellerCenterinDecember2004.That’swhereDavidproposed求婚toDianA.Sheofcoursesaidyes.64.Whichofthefollowingmaybethetitleofthepassage?A.PerfectMatchB.SuccessfulGraftC.AnonymousDonorD.LuckyChristmasTree65.WhatcanweknowabouttheChristmastreeinRockefellerCenter?A.ItwasplantedbythelocalinhabitantsofRockefellerintheUnitedStates.B.DianagotsavedundertheChristmastreeandsolovedit.C.ManyAmericanslovethetreebecauseitwasraisedduringthedepthsofthedepression.D.ThetreeisverytallandbeautifullydecoratedbypeopleatChristmastimE.66.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.leukemiaissoseriousadiseasethatnobodycansurviveinAmericaB.patientswhosufferfromleukemiamayfeelveryweakC.bonemarrowtransplantisveryeasytocarryoutinAmericaD.themandonorknewDianawouldbecomehiswifeinadvance67.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheirfirstmeetingwitheachother?A.DianametDavidatthehospitalonthedaywhenshewasoperatedon.B.DianawenttoDavid’shomeinDedhaminordertothankhiminperson.C.DavidandDianafellinlovewitheachotherwhentheyfirstmet.D.Daviddidn’ttelephoneDianatoinformherofthedateofhisvisitingher.
BHerearetwolettersinWORKWORRIESacolumninanewspaper:DearArielIgotajobofferfromahigh-techcompanywithafairlysatisfactorypaycheckandbenefits.Eventheworkenvironmentiscool.ButIheardthatthejobrequiresalotofovertimeandevenweekends.Iknowit'simportantfornewcomerstoworkhardtogettheirfeetplantedfirmlyonthegroundbutI'mscaredoftheideaofhavingnearlynofreetimE.IstillneedtofindagirlfrienD.SoshallIacceptthejoborgiveitupforanotheronewithmuchlesspayandmorefreedom?AmorettoDearAmorettoIhavetwothingstosay:Firstyou'reluckytohavesuchanexcellentofferespeciallyatatimewhensomanyqualifiedpeoplearestrugglingtofindanyworkatall;andsecondyoucan'tfigureoutyourwork-lifebalanceuntilyou'reactuallyworking.TakethejoB.You'llbelearningdoinginterestingthingsworkinginacoolenvironmentandmakingmoney.Ifyou'regivenacontract合同makesureyouunderstandthetermsbeforeyousign.Askyourbosshowmanyhoursaweekyou'reexpectedtowork.Iftheytellyouanumberthatismuchlowerthanwhatyoufindonceyou'reworkingyou'llbeinabetterpositiontotalktothemaboutit.Giveyourwork100percent.Workenergeticallyandefficiently.Ifyou'rededicatedandfocusedyoumightaccomplishmorethanyourco-workersinlesstimE.Showingyourselftobeaproductiveandtalentedworkerforthebeginningwillgiveyoumorebargainingpower.Finallyrememberthattakingajobdoesn'thavetobealifecommitment.Trytogiveitatleastayeartwoisbetter.Ifyou'rereallymiserableafterthattimelookforanotherjobthatwillgiveyoumorefreedom.Bythenyou'llhaveworkplaceexperiencebossesandcolleagueswhocanspeakpositivelyaboutyourworkandsomesavings.Goodluck!Ariel60.FromAmoretto'sletterweknowthathe__________.A.hasbeenworkingforalongtimeB.islikelyagreenhandC.expectstochangehisjobD.isquitesatisfiedwiththejob61.Howcanamanarrangehiswork-lifebalanceaccordingtoAriel?A.BytakingatrainingcoursE.B.ByaskingpeopleforadvicE.C.Bycomparingwithothers.D.Throughhisownworkexperience62.AllofthefollowingareadvisedbyArialEXCEPT__________.A.understandingthetermsbeforesigningB.workinghardandefficientlyC.gettingabetterpositionD.doingthejobatleastayear63.WhatdoesArieladvisetodointhereply?A.TakethejoboffereD.B.GiveupandfindanewjoB.C.Dependonyourfeeling.D.Choosejobswithgreatcare
EconomicshaslongbeenknownasanunpleasantsciencE.ButisanyeconomistsodullastocriticizeChristmas?AtfirstglancetheholidayseasoninwesterneconomiesseemsatreatforthosewhoareconcernedwithsuchthingsasGDPgrowth.Afteralleveryoneisspending;inAmericasellersmake25%oftheiryearlysalesand60%oftheirprofitsbetweenThanksgivingandChristmas.EvensoeconomistsfindsomethingtoworryaboutinthenatureofthepurchasesbeingmadE.Muchoftheholidayspendingisongiftsforothers.Atthesimplestlevelgivinggiftsinvolvesthegiver'sthinkingofsomethingthatthereceiverwouldlike—hetriestoguessherpreferencesaseconomistssay—andthenbuyingthegiftanddeliveringit.Yetthisguessingofpreferencesisoftendonebadly.EveryyeartiesgounwornandbooksunreaD.Andevenifagiftisenjoyeditmaynotbewhatthereceiverwouldhaveboughtiftheyhadspentthemoneythemselves.Interestedinthismismatchbetweenwantsandgiftsin1993JoelWaldfogelthenaneconomistatYaleUniversityattemptedtoestimatethedisparity差距indollarterms.Heaskedstudentstwoquestionsattheendofaholidayseason:firstestimatethetotalamountpaidbythegiversforalltheholidaygiftsyoureceived;secondapartfromtheemotionalvalueoftheitemsifyoudidnothavethemhowmuchwouldyoubewillingtopaytogetthem?Hisresultswereunpleasant:onaverageagiftwasvaluedbythereceiverwellbelowthepricepaidbythegiver.Themostconservative保守的estimateputtheaveragereceiver’svaluationat90%ofthebuyingpricE.Themissing10%iswhateconomistscalladeadweightloss;awasteofresourcesthatcouldbeavoidedwithoutmakinganyonepoorer.Inotherwordsifthegivergavethecashvalueofthepurchaseinsteadofthegiftitselfthereceivercouldthenbuywhatshereallywantsandbebetterofffornoextracost.ItsuggeststhatinAmericawheregiversspend$40billiononChristmasgifts$4billionisbeinglostannuallyintheprocessofgiftgiving.AddinbirthdaysweddingsandnonChristianoccasionsandthefigurewouldballoon.Soshouldeconomistscallforanendtogiftgivingoratleastpressformoneytobecomethegiftofchoice?56.Whydosomepeopleregardtheholidayseasoninwesterneconomiesatreat?A.BecausetheeconomicsituationinUShasbeendepressing.B.BecauseAmericansellersmakeaquarteroftheiryearlysalesthroughholidayseason.C.BecauseholidayspendingcanspeedupGDPgrowth.D.Becausesellerscanmakeasmuchprofitas60%overholidayseason.57.What'sthemainideaforthesecondparagraph?A.Inmanycasesthegiftscannotmeetthereceivers’needs.B.Thepurchasesmadeoverholidayseasonareactuallyawasteofmoney.C.It'sreallynoteasytoguesstheothers’preferences.D.Muchoftheholidayspendingisongiftsforothers.58.ThepurposeofJoelWaldfogel'sstudyisto_____.A.provethemismatchbetweenwantsandgiftsB.estimatethedisparitybetweenwantsandgiftsineconomictermsC.sparknewideasofeconomicstudiesonholidayspendingD.discovertheexactcostofholidayspendingongiftgiving59.Economiststhinkofthemisusing10%ofholidayspendingasadeadweightlossbecause_______.A.thecashvalueofthepurchaseislowerthanthebuyingpriceB.itisactuallyawasteofresourcesineconomictermsC.withthemoneythereceiverscanbebetterofffornoextracostD.itmakesmanypeopleevenpoorerforspendingmoreonunwantedgifts60.Accordingtothepassagealtogetherhowmuchmoneyiswastedeveryyearongiftgiving?A.About$4billion.B.About10%ofthetotalvaluE.C.About$40billion.D.Muchmorethan$4billion.
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