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With only about 1, 000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal an...
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高中英语《2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语预测（山东卷）试卷 试题及答案》真题及答案
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Highinthickbambooforestsinthemisty71rainmountainso
WemustpandasinChinabecausethereareonlyoverl000lef
Themoonis______awayfromtheearth.
about 384 000 kilometers
240 000 kilometers
only 348 000 kilometers
about 384 000 meters
—youpleasewritea3000wordreportaboutthissubjectform
Could;might
Would;might
Might;could
Would;could
Ioftengotothezooonweekends.ThereIcanseemyfavoritea
Thepandaisoneoftheanimalsmostindanger.Thereareabou
Let'ssavepandas!Thereonlyabout2000pandaslivinginth
Thegiantpandalovesbamboo.Anadultpandarequires12.5k
Let'ssavepandas!Thereareonlyabout2000pandasinthef
根据短文内容用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空每词限用一次whyanimaldangerlivelove
Shouldwesavepandas?Eventhoughthenumberofgiantpanda
从方框中选出适当的单词或短语填空使短文意思完整通顺每个选项只能使用一次每框有一项剩余第一框供1—5小
阅读短文然后从方框中选出可以填入文中空白处的单词nothingweakplaylovelyworse
Thepandaisoneoftheanimalsmostindanger.Thereareabou
OnMarch252013twopandaswereshippedfromChinatoCanadA
综合填空阅读下面短文根据短文内容用方框内所给词语的适当形式填空使短文在结构和意义上完整请你一定要注意
Giantpandaseatvegetableseventhoughtheirbodiesarebe
Whydopeoplelovepandassomuch?Perhapsitisbecausethey
Pandasare_____tothemountainsofcentralChinaandonlya
native
sensitive
relate
familiar
Thegiantpandalovesbamboo.Anadultpandarequires12.5k
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Thoughthefactsthattoomanypeopleonearthandatoorapidincreaseinthenumberaddedeachyeararenotinargumentwealwaysbeginthediscussionofpopulationasglobalissuewithwhatmostpersonsmeanlikethis.Itwasquiterighttocomparedemographicgrowthtoalongthinpowderfuse导火线thatbumssteadilyandhesitatinglyuntilitfinallyreachesthechargeandexplodes.Tounderstandthecurrentsituationwhichischaracterizedbyrapidincreasesinpopulationitisnecessarytounderstandthehistoryofpopulationtrends.Rapidgrowthisacomparativelyrecentphenomenon.Lookingbackatthe8000yearsofdemographichistorywefindthatpopulationshavebeenvirtuallystableorgrowingveryslightlyformostofhumanhistory.Formostofourancestorslifewashardoftennastyandveryshort.Therewashighfertility生育inmostplacesbutthiswasusuallybalancedbyhighmortality.Formostofhumanhistoryitwasseldomthecasethatoneintenpersonswouldlivepastfortywhileinfancyandchildhoodwereespeciallyriskyperiods.Oftensocietieswereincleardangerofextinctionbecausedeathratescouldexceedtheirbirthrates.ThusthepopulationproblemthroughoutmostofhistorywashowtopreventextinctionofthehumanracE.ThispatternisimportanttonoticE.Notonlydoesitputthecurrentproblemsofdemographicgrowthintoahistoricalperspectivebutitsuggeststhatthecauseofrapidincreaseinpopulationinrecentyearsisnotasuddenenthusiasmformorechildrenbutanimprovementintheconditionsthattraditionallyhavecausedhighmortality.Demographichistorycanbedividedintotwomajorperiods:atimeoflongslowgrowthwhichextendedfromabout8000B.C.tillapproximately1650A.D.Inthefirstperiodofsome9600yearsthepopulationincreasedfromsome8millionto500millionin1650.Between1650and1975thepopulationhasincreasedfrom500milliontomorethan4billion.Andthepopulationreached6.2billionthroughouttheworldbytheyear2000OnewaytoappreciatethisdramaticdifferenceinsuchabstractnumbersistoreducethetimeframetosomethingthatismoremanageablE.Between8000B.C.and1650anaverageofonly50000personswasbeingaddedannuallytotheworld'spopulationAtpresentthisnumberisaddedeverysixhours.Theincreaseisabout800000000personsannually.25.TheunderlinedworddemographicinParagraphlmeans.A.extinctionofhumanB.statisticsofhumanpopulationC.deathrateofhumanD.developmentofhumanpopulation26.Whichofthefollowingdemographicgrowthpatternsismostsimilartothelongthinpowderfuse?A.A.slowgrowthforalongtimeandthenaperiodofrapiddramaticincreasE.B.Toomanypeopleonearthandafewrapidincreasesinthenumberaddedeachyear.C.A.virtuallystableorslightlydecreasingperiodandthenasuddenexplosionofpopulation.D.A.longperiodwhendeathratesexceedbirthratesandthenashortperiodwithhigherfertilityandlowermortality.27.Duringthefirstperiodofdemographichistorysocietieswereoftenindangerofextinctionbecause.A.onlyoneintenpersonscouldlivepast40.B.ourancestorshadlittleenthusiasmformorechildrenC.therewashighermortalitythanfertilityinmostplacesD.itwastoodangeroustohavebabiesduetothepoorconditions
Whentheweatherisbeautifulitcanbehardtoresistspendingtimeoutdoors.FortunatelytheGardenStatehasplentyofoutdoorspacestooffer.Thesepublicparksallhaveuniquequalitiesthatmakethemstandoutamongtherest.BoundaryCreekNaturalResourceAreaBoundaryCreekisa34acreparkdesignedforquietnaturestudy.Familiescanusethegrassyopenspacecompletewithpicnictablesneartheparkinglotforpicnics.A.specialfeatureistheobservationboardwalksforpeopleofallheightstowatchtheanimalswithoutbeingnoticeD.ChallengeGroveParkChallengeParkisnotachallengeforchildrenwithspecialneeds.BothplaygroundsattheparkarewheelchairaccessibleandthenewestplaygroundBuildJake'sPlacewasbuiltspecificallyforchildrenofallabilities.The17-acreparkalsoincludesabasketballcourt.ballparkandcoveredpicnicareawithbathrooms.Thereisapavedpaththroughoutthepark.LaurelAcresProbablythemostpopularparkduetohowfulltheparkinglotalwaysseemstobeisLaurelAcres.Fortunatelytheparkisbigenoughthattheparkingisonlythingthateverseemsfull.Forchildrentherearethreeplaygroundstochoosefromoneofwhichisforsmallerchildren.Thehugehillisgreatforrollingorsleddingdown.ChildrenalsoenjoywatchingtheducksandgeeseinandaroundtheponD.Theparkincludesapicnicareawithcoveredpavilion.21.WhatisspecialaboutBoundaryCreekNaturalResourceArea?A.IthasgrassyopenspacE.B.Itisaquietplaceforstudy.C.It'sconvenientforpeopletohavepicnics.D.Itoffersagoodplaceforanimalwatching.22.Whichparkismostsuitableforachildwithdisabilities?A.BoundaryCreekNaturalResourceAreA.B.ChallengeGrovePark.C.BuildJake'sPlacE.D.LaurelAcres.23.WhatdoweknowaboutLaurelAcrescomparedwiththeotherparks?A.Itisalwayscrowdedwithvisitors.B.Ithasasmallparkinglot.C.IthasnoplaceforapicniC.D.Itattractsthelargestnumberofvisitors.
Humansit'stimetoabandonEarthorraceextinction.Itcouldbetheplotofasummerblockbuster大片butthispredictionisn'tsciencefiction.It'saglimpseofthefutureaccordingtofamousBritishscientistStephenHawking.IseegreatdangersforthehumanracehesaidinaninterviewwithglobalforumBigThink.Therehavebeenanumberoftimesinthepastdayswhenitssurvivalhasbeenaquestionoftouchandgo危险的处境;一触即发的形势.IbelievethatthelongtermfutureofthehumanracemustbeinspacehesaiD.ItwillbedifficultenoughtoavoiddisastersonplanetEarthinthenexthundredyearsletalonethenextthousandormillion.HawkingwhowasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomlastyearhasrecentlyvoicedmanyconcernsaboutthefutureoflifeonEarth.IfaliensvisitedustheoutcomewouldbeasmuchaswhenColumbuslandedinAmericawhichdidn'tturnoutwellfortheNativeAmericanshesaiD.Suchadvancedalienswouldperhapsbecomenomads游牧民lookingtoconquer征服andcolonize殖民whateverplanetstheycanreach.ButHawkingsayshe'sstillhopefulforthefutureofhumanity.HetoldBigThinkWe'vemaderemarkableprogressinthelasthundredyears.ButifwewanttocontinuebeyondthenexthundredyearsourfutureisinspacE.Gettingtoanotherplanetwillproveachallengenottomentioncolonizingitforhumanity.KatherineFreesefromUniversityofMichigantoldBigThinkTheneareststartoEarthisProximaCentauri比邻星whichis4.2lightyearsaway.Thatmeansifyouweretravelingatthespeedoflightthewholetimeitwouldtake4.2yearstogetthere－orabout50000yearsusingcurrentrocketsciencE.25.HumansareadvisedtoabandonEarthmainlybecause________.A.alienswilltakeupourhomeplanetsoonB.itwasdiscussedintheforumBigThinkC.manyscientistslikeHawkingareconcernedaboutitD.manydisasterswillhappenonearth26.ThinkingaboutthefutureofhumansHawkingfeelsthat________.A.humanscan'tliveonEarthanylongerB.EarthwillnotbehabitableforhumansC.otherplanetsarereadyforhumanstoreachD.aliensarethebiggestfuturethreattohumans27.Whatisthewriter'skeypointinthelastparagraphA.ItisimpossibletogettoanotherplanetinspacE.B.ItisurgentforHawkingtodevelopthespacesciencE.C.Thenearfuturecan'tseehuman'smovetoanotherplanet.D.TheplanetProximaCentauriisfarawayfromEarth.28.Thispassageismostprobablytakenfrom________.A.aconferenceinterviewB.asciencefictionC.ahistorybookD.aforumreport
Couldyourcellphonegiveyoucancer?Whetheritcouldornotsomepeopleareworryingaboutthepossibilitythatphonespowerlinesandwi-ficouldberesponsibleforarangeofillnessesfromrashestobraintumors.ForexampleCamillaRees48aformerinvestmentbankerintheUSmovedoutofherapartmentinSanFranciscobecauseoftheradiationcomingfromnextdoor.ReestoldtheLosAngelesTimesthatwhenherneighborsmovedinandinstalledawi-firoutershelostherabilitytothinkclearly.Iwouldwakeupdizzyinthemorning.I’dfalltothefloor.IhadtoleavetoescapethatnightmareshesaiD.Sincethenshe’sbeenonacampaignagainstlow-levelelectromagneticfieldsorEMFs低频电磁场.Andshe’snotalonE.Millionsofpeoplesaytheysufferfromheadachesdepressionnauseaandrasheswhenthey’retooclosetocellphonesorothersourcesofEMFs.AlthoughtheWorldHealthOrganizationhasofficiallydeclaredthatEMFsseemtoposelittlethreatgovernmentsarestillconcerneD.InfactlastApriltheEuropeanParliamentcalledforcountriestotakestepstoreduceexposuretoEMFs.ThecityofSanFranciscoandthestateofMainearecurrentlyconsideringrequiringcancer-warninglabelsoncellphones.Ifthesefearsarereasonablethenperhapsweshouldallbeworriedabouttheamountoftimewespendtalkingonourphonesorpluggingintowi-fihotpots.Somesaythereisevidencetosupportthegrowinganxieties.DavidCarpenteraprofessorofenvironmentalhealthsciencesattheUniversityatAlbanyinNewYorkthinksthere’sagreaterthan95%chancethatpowerlinescancausechildhoodleukemiA.Alsothere’sagreaterthan90%chancethatcellphonescancausebraintumors.Butothersbelievetheseconcernsareunreasonableparanoia猜疑.Dr.MarthaLinettheheadofradiationepidemiologyattheUSNationalCancerInstitutehaslookedatthesameresearchasCarpenterbuthasreachedadifferentconclusion.Idon’tsupportwarninglabelsforcellphonessaidLinet.Wedon’thavetheevidencethatthere’smuchdanger.StudiessofarsuggestaweakconnectionbetweenEMFsandillness—soweakthatitmightnotexistatall.A.multinationalinvestigationofcellphonesandbraincancerin13countriesoutsidetheUShasbeenunderwayforseveralyears.It’sfundedinpartbytheEuropeanUnioninpartbyacellphoneindustrygroup.AccordingtoRobertParkaprofessorofphysicsattheUniversityofMarylandintheUSthemagneticwavesaren’tnearlypowerfulenoughtobreakapartDNAwhichisnowknownthreatssuchasUVraysandX-rayscausecancer.Perhapsit’sjustpsychological.Someexpertsfindthattheelectro-sensitivitysyndromeseemstobesimilartochemicalsensitivitysyndromewhichisaconditionthat’sconsideredtobepsychological.WhetherEMFsareharmfulornotabreakinthecountrysidewithoutthecellphonewouldprobablybegoodforallofus.Title:Couldcellphonesgiveyoucancer?KeypointsSupportingdetailsCellphonesare71______touse●Somepeoplethinkit72______forcellphonestocausecancer.●CamillaReesgotillafterhisneighborinstalledawi-firouter.●Millionsofpeoplehave73_______problemsasCamillA.●Someevidencesupportspeople’sanxieties.Cellphonesaresafetouse●SomebelievethattheseconcernsarejustparanoiA.●Sofarstudiesshowthatthereisn’tmuch74______betweenEMFsandillness.●RobertParkthinksthatthemagneticwavesaren’tpowerfulenoughto75_______DNA.●It’sjustforpsychological76_______thatpeoplefeelillwhentheyusecellphones.Attitudesand77______●Somegovernmentsare78_______aboutthesafetyofcellphonesorEMFs.●Theauthorthinksthatweshould79_______thechanceoftalkingonthephoneorspendmoretimeinthe80_____areaswithoutcellphones.
Scientistsfindthathard-workingpeoplelivelongerthanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomenarehealthierthanhousewives.Evidenceshowsthatthejoblessareinpoorerhealththanjobholders.Aninvestigationshowsthatwhenevertheunemploymentrateincreasesby1%thedeathrateincreasesby2%.Allthiscomesdowntoonepointworkishelpfultohealth.Whyisworkgoodforhealth?Itisbecauseworkkeepspeoplebusyawayfromloneliness.Researchesshowthatpeoplefeelunhappyworriedandlonelywhentheyhavenothingtodo.Insteadthehappiestarethosewhoarebusy.ManyhighachieverswholovetheircareersfeelthattheyarehappiestwhentheyareworkingharD.Workservesasabridgebetweenmanandreality.Byworkpeoplecomeintocontactwitheachother.Bycollectiveactivitytheyfindfriendshipandwarmth.Thisishelpfultohealth.Thelossofworkmeansthelossofeverything.Itaffectsmanspirituallyandmakeshimill.Besidesworkgivesoneasenseoffulfillmentandasenseofachievement.Workmakesonefeelhisvalueandstatusinsociety.Whenawriterfinisheshiswritingoradoctorsuccessfullyoperatesonapatientorateacherseeshisstudentsgrowtheyarehappybeyondwords.FromtheabovewecancometotheconclusionthatthemoreyouworkthehappierandhealthieryouwillbE.LetusworkhardandstudyhardandliveahappyandhealthylifE.28.TheunderlinedwordaverageinParagraph1means______.A.healthyB.lazyC.ordinaryD.poor29.Thereasonwhyhousewivesarenotashealthyascareerwomenisthat______.A.housewivesarepoorerthancareerwomenB.housewiveshavemorechildrenthancareerwomenC.housewiveshavelesschancetocommunicatewithothersD.housewiveseatlessfoodthancareerwomen30.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph2?A.BusypeoplehavenothingtodoathomE.B.Highachieversdon’tcareabouttheirfamilies.C.ThereisnofriendshipandwarmthathomE.D.A.satisfyingjobhelpstokeeponehealthy.31.Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe_____.A.PeopleShouldFindaJobB.WorkingHardIsGoodforHealthC.PeopleShouldMakeMoreFriendsbyWorkD.TheLossofWorkMeanstheLossofEverything
Modernsmartphonesarefastbecomingthemust-haveitem.Butwhat’sinstoreforthenextgenerationofsmartphones?Tiredofcarryingaroundthatheavywallet?Soonyouwon’tneedto!ThenextgenerationofsmartphoneswillhaveNFCtechnologywhichletsyoupayforthingswithyoursmartphones.AllyoudoisenteryourcreditcardinformationintoyourphonE.ThenwhenyouareinashopthatallowsNFCpaymentsyoujustwaveyourphoneoveraspecialinstrumentatthecheckout.ThepurchaseisinstantlychargedtoyourcreditcarD.Everseensomeonewearingsomethingandwishedyouknewwheretogetit?SoonitwillbeeasywithPicCommercenewtechnologythatusesimage-recognitionsoftwarE.Here’showitworks.IfyouseesomethingyoulikesimplytakeaphotoofitwithyoursmartphonE.Thenyourphonewillsendtheimagetoaspecialserverwhichwillrespondwithinformationaboutwhereyoucanbuyitandhowmuchitwillcost.Sickofyoursmartphonebatterygoingflat?Withsomanyapplicationsdraining消耗thebatterythelatestphonesneedtobechargedeveryday.Butnextgenerationsmartphoneswillcomewithbuilt-inchipsthatcanconnecttoanantenna天线inyourhomE.Andaslongasyourphoneiswithinrangeoftheantennayouwillbeabletochargeyoursmartphonewirelesslyevenifitisinyourpocket.Worriedaboutgettingyoursmartphoneswetintherain?A.companycalledHz0hasinventedWaterBlocknewtechnologythatmakesyourphonecompletelywaterproof.Andit’ssoeffectivethatyourphonewillevenworkunderwater.Fedupwithcarryingaheavyphonearound?SoonyouwillbeabletogetaPaperPhone!FlexiblephonesarethefuturesaidscientistRoelVertegaal.Sowhatarethebenefitsofflexiblephones?WellitmeansthatinsteadofcarryingyourphoneinyourpocketyoucouldwearitwrappedaroundyourwristforexamplE.Ofcoursethereisjusttheproblem:withsomuchnewsmartphonetechnologyaroundyouwillsoonneedtobuyanewphone!32.Topaywithyoursmartphoneyouneedto________.A.gotoabankB.storemoneyinthephoneC.haveacreditcardD.buyaspecialinstrument33.Wecanlearnfromthe4thparagraphthatthenextgenerationofsmartphones________.A.willhavechipsinsteadofbatteriesB.mayconsumelesspowerC.needn’tbechargedfrequentlyD.willbechargedeasily34.WhichfeatureoffuturesmartphonesdoesParagraph6show?A.Theywillbeeasiertocarry.B.Theywillbecheaper.C.Theywillbesmaller.D.TheywillbeeasiertooperatE.35.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BasicFunctionsofSmartphonesB.TheFutureofSmartphonesC.AdvantagesofModernSmartphonesD.TheDevelopmentofPhone
A.rarebutterflyhasbeendiscoveredinBritainforthefirsttimein60yearshavingmovedfromEasternEurope.Theonlypreviousrecordofawildyellow-leggedTortoiseshellinBritainwasin1953whenitwasseenjustonceinSevenoaksKent.SeveralweeksagotherewerealreadyfourconfirmedsightingsalongtheEastcoastinNorfolkSuffolkandKentandsixfurtherreportsofthebutterflyincoastalareas.Conservationistsareveryexcitedaboutthesightingswhicharerareinthebutterflyworld.ThebutterfliesarethoughttohaveflownoneasterlywindsacrossEuropeinthelastfewweeks.ThelargeandcolourfulinsectmainlylivesinEasternEurope.InrecentyearsithasspreadintoScandinaviaanditsnumberincreasesrapidlyduringwarmweather.AlsoknownastheScarceTortoiseshellithasanorangeandbluecolourandisaboutonethirdbiggerthanourownSmallTortoiseshell.ButterflyConservationwasstartingitsannualBigButterflyCountayearlysurveyofthebutterfliesacrossthenation.SirDavidAttenboroughPresidentofthecharitysaidTheUKisanationofamateurnaturalistsandwehaveaproudtraditionofcelebratingandstudyingourwildlife.BytakingpartintheBigButterflyCountthissummeryoucancontributetodiscoveringthefantasticbutterfliesandotherwildlifethatshareyourgardenparksandcountryside.HeaddedButterfliesfoughtbacklastyearafteraterrible2012butdespitethisbutterflynumberswerestillbelowaverage.ThreequartersoftheUK’sbutterfliesareindeclineandonethirdareindangerofdyingout.ThisisbadnewsfortheUK’sbirdsbeesbatsandotherwildlife.25.Theserarebutterfliesusuallylivein______.A.EasternEuropeB.NorfolkSuffolkandKentC.coastalareasD.SevenoaksKent26.TheannualBigButterflyCountisIntendedto________.A.inspireamateurs’studyinginterestB.teachpeopletodogoodgardeningC.studybutterfliesacrossBritainD.celebratenaturalists’contributions27.Whatdotheunderlinedwordsprobablymeaninthelastparagraph?A.Butterflies’numberincreased.B.Butterfliesstruggledtosurvive.C.Butterfliesweredyingout.D.Butterfliesfeltlikefighting.28.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.ButterfliesarequiterareinBritain.B.Butterfliesliketravellingfrequently.C.ArarebutterflyappearedinBritain.D.Thebutterflyworldchangedalot.
Anelephantissaidnevertoforget.Andtoourgreatsurpriseitturnsouttheycanalsotellthedifferencebetweenhumanlanguages!Elephantsdon’thavethebesteyesightintheanimalkingdombuttheymakeupforitwiththeirintelligencE.Scientistsalreadyknowtheyareverysmart---elephantsneverforgetafaceandthat’swherethesayingcamefrom---buttheydidn’tknowjusthowsmartuntilthisrecentstudy.Researchersplayedrecordingsofhumanvoicesfor47elephantfamiliesatAmboseliNationalparkinKenyaoveratwo-yearperioD.TherecordingswerefromMaasaiadultsandchildrenandKambamen.TheMassaiarearacewhosometimescomeintoconflictwithelephantsoverwaterandlandthatsometimesleadtothedeathofelephantsorMassaiman.TheyspeakMaaasing-songylanguagE.TheKambapeopleusuallyworkasfarmersoremployeesfortheparkandrarelycauseharmordangertoelephants.TheyspeakKikambA.WhentheelephantsheardMaasaimensayingLooklookoverthereagroupofelephantsiscomingtheygatheredtogetherstartedsmellingcuriouslywiththeirtrunksandmovedawayslowly.Theydidn’trunawayinfearbutbecamemorecarefulandchosetowalkawaytoavoidconflict.WhentheyheardMaasaiwomenorboysoradultmaleKambaspeakerstheydidn’tshowanyconcern.TheabilitytodistinguishbetweenMaasaiandKambamendeliveringthesamephraseintheirownlanguagesuggeststhatelephantscandistinguishdifferentlanguagessaidGraeemShannonavisitingfellowinpsychologyattheUniversityofSussexandstudy’sco-author.Theycan’tunderstandwhatthewordsmeanbutcanlearntoconnectacertainwayofspeakingwithapossibledanger.Alotofanimalswillrunawayatjustthegeneraldangercausedbypeoplebutasmartanimaldoesn’tdothatShannonsaiD.32.Accordingtothetextwelearnelephants______A.canmemorizewellB.arethemostintelligentelephantsnC.canunderstandhumanwordsD.havetheworsteyesightinanimalworld33.Theresearchwascarriedoutto____A.recordhumanvoicesB.recordelephants’dailylifeC.knowhowsmartelephantsareD.knowifelephantsaresmart34.WhenelephantshearMaasaiwordsthey_____A.runawayinahurryB.gatheraroundtofightbackC.sendawarningwiththeirtrunksD.gathertogetherandwalkawayslowly35.Accordingtotheresearchelephantsjudgedangerfrom_____A.thelooksofthespeakersB.thecontentsofdifferentspeakersC.themeaningofthehuman’swordsD.thewayinwhichspeakerstalk
Lookcloselyatyourhands.Aretheyclean?Itdoesn'tmatterhowmanytimesyouwashyourhandstinymicrobes微生物stillstayonthem.Butdon'tworry.Mostmicrobesdon'tharmyou.Nowscientistssaythemicrobesonourhandscouldbeusedinasurprisingway;fightingcrimeAccordingtoarecentsurveymicrobesaswellasfingerprints指纹couldbeusedtoindentifythecriminal.Everyonehashisownsetofmicrobesonthehands.Thatistosayifyouandyourbestfriendwereabletoseeandcompareallthemicrobesonyourhandsyourhandsprobablywouldlookdifferent.Somemicrobesonlyshowuponyourhandswhileothersliveonlyonyourfriend'shands.WhenyouworkonacomputeryouleavethemicrobesfromyourhandsonthekeyboarD.Thescientistscaneasilytelltheownerofthekeyboardbylookingatthemicrobesonit.Evenifyoudon'tleaveyourfingerprintsbehindyourmicrobesmaygiveyouaway.NoahFiererascientistsays.Youcanonlycleanafingerprintbutyoucan'tsterilize使菌asurfacejustbywiping擦itoffHesaysthatscientistshavealotmoreworktodobeforethemicrobeisusedasausefultool.26.Accordingtothepassage_______couldbeusedtoidentifythecriminal.A.fingerprintsB.scientists'handsC.microbesD.fingerprintsandmicrobesonpeople'shands27.Paragraph3tellsusthat________.A.ourhandslooksimilarB.themicrobeswillmakethekeyboarddirty.C.weshouldcomparehandsoftenD.wehaveourownsetsofmicrobes.28.Whenyouworkoncomputerthemicrobes________.A.juststayonourhandsB.alsostayonthekeyboardC.willdoharmtoyouD.willdisappear29.FromNoahFiererweknowthat________.A.fingerprintsarenolongerusefulinfightingcrimeB.microbescanbefoundoneveryone'shands.C.unlikemicrobefingerprintscanbecleanedifpeoplewipethemD.themicrobeisusedasausefultool30.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.MicrobesMayTellWhoYouAreB.ScientistsSayEveryoneHasMicrobesC.NoahFiercerDoesResearchIntoMicrobesD.FingerprintsHelpCatchCriminals
ScientistshaveprovedthatsleepingandlearninggohandinhanD.Evenashortnapcanboostourmemoryandsharpenourthinking.Buttherelationshipgoesdeeperthanthat.ThebrainisnotpassivewhileyousleepscientistAnatArzisaiD.It’squiteactivE.Youcandomanythingswhileyouareasleep.Arziandhercoworkersdidn’ttrytoteachthesleepingvolunteersanycomplexinformationlikenewwordsorfacts.Insteadthescientiststaughtvolunteerstomakenewconnectionsbetweensmellsandsounds.Whenwesmellsomethinggoodlikeaflowerwetakedeepbreaths.Whenwesmellsomethingbadwetakeshortbreaths.Arziandherco-workersbasedtheirexperimentonthesereactions.Oncethevolunteersfellasleepinthelabthescientistswenttowork.TheygavethemawhiffofsomethingpleasantandmeanwhileplayedaparticularmusicalnotE.Theydidn’twakeupbuttheyheard—andsniffed吸气deeply.ThenthescientistsgavethevolunteersawhiffofsomethingterribleandplayedadifferentmusicalnotE.Againthevolunteersheardandsmelled—ashortsnortthistime—butdidn’twakeup.Theresearchersrepeatedtheexperiment.Afterjustfourrepetitionsvolunteersmadeaconnectionbetweenthemusicalnotesandtheirpairedsmells.Whenthescientistsplayedthemusicaltonethatwentwithgoodsmellsthesleepersbreatheddeeply.Andwhenthescientistsplayedthemusicaltonethatwentwithbadsmellsthesleepersbreathedbriefly—despitetherebeingnobadsmell.Thenextdaythevolunteerswokeupwiththesound-smellconnection.Theybreatheddeeplywhenhearingonetoneandcuttheirbreathsshortwhenhearingtheotherwhichmusthavebeenunusualforthem.Imaginewalkingdownthestreetandtakingadeepbreathuponhearingaparticularsound!28.Inthestudythevolunteersweretaught_______.A.tobecomeactiveduringsleepB.totellthedifferencebetweensmellsC.tolearnnewwordsandscientificfactsD.tomakesound-smellconnections29.Howdidthevolunteersreactwhensmellingsomethingniceandhearingmusicalnotes?A.Theytookadeepbreath.B.Theyhadawonderfuldream.C.TheywokeupatoncE.D.Theytookashortbreath.30.Whenthevolunteerswokeupthenextdaythey_______.A.learnedhowtoplaytomusicaltonesB.forgotwhathappenedduringtheirsleepC.continuedwiththesound-smellconnectionD.changedtheirreactionwhenhearingthesound31.Thepassagemainlytellsus_______.A.specialsmellsandsoundscanimproveourmemoryB.ourbraincanactuallylearnsomethingnewduringsleepC.thevolunteerswillalwayshearsimilarsoundsonthestreetD.ourbraincantellthedifferencebetweensmellsduringsleep
Scientistsaretryingtocopytheprocessofphotosynthesis光合作用bymakingaman-madeleaftoproducecleanpower.Throughphotosynthesisplantsusesunlighttochangewaterandcarbondioxideintosugar.Itisthemosteffectiveuseofsolarenergyontheearth.Allthepowerneededinayearcouldbemetbytheenergycontainedinthesunlighthittingtheearthinonehour.ResearchersatImperialCollegeinLondonhavebeguna￡1millionstudyoftheso-calledman-madeleafhopingtoproduceasystemthatcanproducecleanenergythewayleavesdoTheGuardianreports.Itcouldbeusedinfuelcellstomakeelectricityandtopowercleanvehicleswithoutharmingtheenvironment.Scientistsforecastthatifman-madephotosynthesissystemscoulduse10percentofthesunlightfallingonthemtheywouldonlyneedtocover0.16percentoftheearth’ssurfacetosatisfyglobalenergyneeds.JamesBarberabiologistatthecollegeandleaderoftheprojecttellsTheGuardianIfaleafcandoitwecandoitevenbetter.Itdoesn’tmeanthatyoutrytoimitatetheleafexactly.Thekeyliesinthebasicprincipleofhowitworks.LeonardodaVincitriedtodesignflyingmachineswithfeathersbutintheendwe’vebuiltplaneslike747sandAirbus380scompletelydifferentfrombirdsandinmanywaysbetter.Thechallengeistogethydrogen氢气outofwaterusingareadysupplyofenergyBarberadds.ScientistscanalreadyproducehydrogenbybreakingdownwaterbuttheprocessisquiteexpensivE.JohnLoughheadexecutivedirectoroftheUKEnergyResearchCentretellsTheGuardianWeknowthatsinceplantshavealreadyevolvedtodoitit’sfundamentally基本上aworkableprocessonalargescalE.Inthelongruntheonlysustainable可持续的formofenergywe’vegotisthesun.Whatmakesthislookreallyinterestingisthatwe’restartingfromabaseweknowisworkablE.32.Ifscientistssucceedwhatwilltheman-madeleafprovide?A.Sugar.B.WaterandcarbondioxidE.C.Cleanpower.D.Electricity.33.WhyisLeonardodaVincimentionedinParagraph5?A.Hetriedtodesignflyingmachineswithfeatherssimilartowhatresearchersdevelopingtheman-madeleafhaveinminD.B.Realplanesarecompletelydifferentfromtheonesheimaginedjustastheman-madeleafwillbedifferentfromarealonE.C.Itwashisinventionthatinspiredthescientiststodesigntheman-madeleaf.D.Planesarebetterthanthemachineshedesignedsotheman-madeleafwillbebetterthanarealonE.34.Whatwillbeabreakthroughfortheman-madeleafproject?A.Howtogethydrogenoutofwatercheaply.B.Howtocopytheprocessofphotosynthesis.C.Howtogetenoughsunlightandhydrogen.D.Howtogetenoughfundstosupporttheresearch.35.Whatistheresearchers’attitudetowardthisproject?A.PositivE.B..NegativE.C.ObjectivE.D.PassivE.
Withalargepartoftheworld'spopulationlivingclosetotheoceansrisingsealevelsbringthepotentialfordestructive破坏性的results.Butscientistsarestillunabletomakepredictionsexactenoughforpeopletoplantohandlethelossoflandandthethreattocoastalcommunitiesexpectedoverthiscentury.Weknowsealevelisgoingtorisebuthowmuchandhowfastandwherewereallystilldon’tknowsaidJoshWillisaclimatescientist.Theoceanisn'tlikewaterinabathtuB.Itdoesn’triseallthesameasmorewaterpoursin.Asglobalwarmingraisessealevelssomeplacesareexpectedtoseehigher-than-averageincreasesandafewplacesmayevenseedecreases.It’sreportedthatoverthecourseofthiscenturysealevelswillrisebetween8inchesand6.6feetaroundtheplanet.Scientistsknowthisincreasewillbedrivenbytheexpansionofwaterasitwarms—warmerwatertakesupmorespace—andthemeltingoficE.Buttheeffectsofwarmingwaterandmeltingiceonsea-levelriseareexpectedtovaryfromareatoareA.AndthemeltingoficeoftheAntarcticandGreenlandpresentsthelargestuncertaintyforthefuturebutairlandandwateralsoplayrolesinchangestosealevel.Forexamplesealevelneartheicegettingmeltactuallydecreasesbecausethegroundunderthemeltingicerisesastheheavyicedisappears.Climatechangeisexpectedtochangeoceancurrentsandthewindsthathelpdriveoceancurrents.Thesechangeswillaffectthedistributionofheatwithintheoceansandasaresultaffectchangesinsealevel.Nowadaysscientistsusetwotypesofmodelstomakepredictionsaboutthefutureofsealevelsbutthetwodon’tagreE.Ifscientistscan'taccuratelypredictsea-levelincreaseforthecomingyearstheleastwecandoismeasurewhathappeningtodaywiththehelpofthesatelliteJason-2butit’sreachingtheendofitsoperationallifE.25.Thefirstparagraphimpliesthat_______.A.therisingsealevelsmainlyhappensnearthecoastB.peoplelivingincoastalcommunitieshavetomoveC.scientistshavewaystohandletherisingsealevelsD.coastalcitiesareeasilyaffectedbytherisingsealevels26.WhatdoesthewritermeanbysayingTheoceanisn’tlikewaterinabathtubinthethirdparagraph?A.Therisingsealevelishardtotell.B.TheoceancanbeeasilycontrolleD.CTheoceanisn’tequaltoabathtubinsizE.D.Thereistoomuchwaterforustocontrol.27.Accordingtothetextwhichofthefollowingshowstherightcauseandeffect?①climatechange;②oceancurrents;③thewinds;④changesinsealevel;⑤thedistributionofheatA.①→⑤→③→④→②B.①→③→②→⑤→④C.③→④→⑤→②→①D.①→⑤→③→②→④28.Whatproblemswillscientistsmeetwithinpredictingfutureclimatechanges?A.It'stoodifficulttomeasurewhat'shappening.B.Typesofmodelsforpredictionaredifficulttosetup.C.Therewillprobablybenosatellitestohelpthescientists.D.Therearen’tenoughscientistsstudyingthechangesofsealevels.
NASAhasrecentlyfoundatwinEarthintheMilkyWay.ScientistssaidtheplanetwastheclosesttoEarththathasbeenseen.Kepler452bwhichhasbeennamedEarth2issixbillionyearsolD.Ithasa385-dayyearandorbitsitsstaratthesamedistanceasus.ItissolikeEarththatNASAbelievesitispossiblethatlifeonceinhabitedtheplanet.Kepler452bis60percentlargerindiameter直径thanEarth.ScientistssaythattheplanetreceivedthesamekindofsunshineaswedoonEarth.Thusplantscouldsurviveiftakentotheplanet.Sincetheplanetis1.5billionyearsolderthanEarthscientistssayitcanshowapossiblefutureforearth.IfKepler452bisindeedarockyplanetsitslocationcouldmeanthatitisjustenteringanuncontrollablegreenhouseperiodofitsclimatehistory.SaidDougCaldwellascientistworkingontheKeplerMission.AccordingtoCaldwelltheincreasingenergyfromitsagingsunmightbeheatingthesurfaceandevaporatinganyoceans.Kepler452bcouldbeexperiencingnowwhatEarthwillundergomorethanabillionyearsfromnowastheSunagesandgrowsbrighter.Thediscoveryalsogivesnewhopethatalien外星人civilizationsmayexistbeyondtheSolarSystem.Wewon’tbegoingtothisplanetbutourchildren’schildren’schildrenmightbE.saidJeffCoughlinanotherresearchscientistontheKeplerMission.TheKeplerspacetelescope太空望远镜hasbeenlookingforsignsofnewworldsoutsidetheSolarSystemsinceMay2009andhassofarfoundmorethan4000planets.ButthoseplanetsareeithertoohotortoocoldtosustainlifE.注KeplerMissionNASA设计的发现类地行星的太空探索任务21.ThefollowingstatementsaboutKepler452bEarth2areallcorrectexcept________.A.Ithasexistedforsixbillionyears.B.Itis60%largerindiameterthantheearth.C.IthasalreadyenteredanuncontrollablegreenhouseperiodofitsclimatehistoryD.Itistheclosestplanettotheearth.22.TheimportanceofthediscoveryofEarth2liesinthefactthatEarth2________.①canshowalikelyfuturefortheearth②givesnewhopethataliencivilizationsmayexistbeyondtheSolarSystem③provesthatlifeonceinhabitedtheplanet④provesthatplantscansurviveonotherplanetsapartfromtheeartth.⑤isgoingthroughnowwhattheearthwillundergomorethanabillionyearsfromnowA.④⑤B.①③C.②④D.①②23.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Theearthhasexistedforabout4.5billionyears.B.Kepler452bisoneoftheplanetsintheMilkyWay.C.DougCaldwelandJeffCoughlinarebothresearchscientistsontheKeplerMission.D.Morethan4000planetsoutsidetheSolarSystemstillcannotsustainlifenow.
HAVEyoueverbeenfacetofacewithacatorasheep?Ifyouhaveyouprobablynoticedthatcatsnarrowtheireyestovertical垂直的slits狭缝whilesheephavehorizontalpupils瞳孔.Whyisthedifference?ScientistsfromtheUniversitiesofCaliforniaBerkeleyandDurhaminBritainmayhavetheanswer.TheirresearchpublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvancessuggestedthatpupils’shapescouldtellwhetherananimalisahunterorgetshunteD.Theresearcherstookacloselookattheeyesof214landanimals.Thechallengewastoseeiftheycouldfindarelationshipbetweenananimal’sroleinthefoodchainandthepupils’shapes.Theyfoundapattern.Specieswithpupilsthatareverticalslitsaremorelikelytobesmallambushpredators捕猎者–creaturesthatlieinwaitfortheirlunch.Incontrastthosewithhorizontalpupilsaremorelikelytobeplant-eatingprey猎物species.Evolutionchosethearrangementforagoodreason.Forhunterssuchashouseholdcatsitappearsthatverticalpupilsnotonlyimprovetheirabilitytokeeptrackofmovingobjectslikemicebutalsomaximize使最大化theirabilitytojudgethedistancesoftheanimalstheyhunt.HoweveraninterestingdiscoveryfromthestudyisthattheslitpupilsaremostlylinkedtohuntersthatareclosetothegrounD.Thereforebiggercatswhoactivelyhuntdowntheirpreyliketigersandlionsdon’thaveslitpupils.Ontheotherhandforplant-eatingpreyanimalshorizontalpupilsgivethemawiderfieldofvision.Whenstretched伸展horizontallythepupilsallowformorelighttoenterfromthefrontbackandsides.Meanwhiletheyalsolimittheamountoflightfromthesunabovesotheanimalcanseethegroundbetter.Oncetheydodetect发现apredatortheyneedtoseewheretheyarerunningsaidleadingresearcherMartinBanksaUCBerkeleyprofessorofoptometry视光学.Theyhavetoseewellenoughoutofthecorneroftheireyetorunquicklyandjumpoverthings.Butwhathappenswhentheybenddowntoeat?ResearcherscheckedthisbywatchingpreyanimalsintheOaklandZooinCaliforniaUS.Theyconfirmed确认thatwhengoatslowertheirheadstoeattheireyesrotate旋转tokeeptheirpupilshorizontal.Soitseemsthattheeyesareindeedthewindowtothesoul!22.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.Howanimalskeeptrackofmovingobjects.B.Whyanimalshaveevolvedwithdifferentshapedpupils.C.Howanimalschangetheirpupils’shapewhenhuntingforfooD.D.Howthepupils’shapeinfluencesananimal’sabilitytodetectapredator.23.Accordingtothestudyslitpupils______.A.helptoprovideawiderfieldofvisionB.aremorelikelytobelongtobigpredatorsC.aremorelikelytobelongtothosetogethuntedD.providethesharpestwaytojudgehuntingdistance24.Whatcanweconcludefromthearticleaboutplant-eatingpreyanimals?A.Theirpupilsallowmorelighttobereceivedfrombothaboveandbelow.B.Theirpupilsareabletohelpthemscantheirsurroundingsforthreats.C.Oncetheydetectapredatortheireyesrotatetohelpthemfindwheretorun.D.Whentheylowertheirheadstoeattheynarrowtheireyestoverticalslits.
Nowscientistshavediscoveredthefirstevidencethattheanimalsactuallybehaveliketheirmasters.Justlikechildrentheyadoptalookandlearnapproachwhichmeanstheycanmimic模仿human’sactionswhengoingabouttheirtasks.BiologistsandpsychologistsattheuniversitiesofViennaandOxforddesignedanexperimenttotestthetheorythatdogsdohavetheabilitytocopywhattheyseeusingasimplewoodenbox.Inthestudytenownersshowedtheirdogshowtoopenthewoodenboxsometimesusingtheirheadstopushahandleandsometimesusingtheirhands.Inthefirstpartofthetestfivedogswererewardedwithapieceofsausageforcopyingtheirowners’actions.Theotherfivewererewardedwithfoodfornotcopyingandusingothermethods.Witheachdogtheexperimentwasrepeatedhundredsoftimesandthetimetakenforadogtogetitrighton85percentofattempts17goesoutof20wasrecordeD.Thedogsencouragedtomirrortheirownersreachedthispointalmostthreetimessooneronaveragethanthoserewardedfornotcopyingthem.InthesecondpartofthetestallthedogswereonlyrewardedforcopyingthemethodtheirownersuseD.Thefivedogspreviouslyrewardedforcopyingtheirownersreachedthe85percentmarkmorethantwiceastheotherfivE.InapaperpublishedinProceedingoftheRoyalSocietytheyconcludedLikehumansdogscan’thelpimitatingactionstheyseE.GoingfurthertheysaidTheresultssuggesttheimitative模仿的behaviorofdogsisshapedmorebytheirdevelopmentalinteractionswithhumansthanbytheirevolutionary进化的historyofdomestication驯化.CarolineKiskofromtheKennelclubsaidAdog’sbehaviorisinfluencedmuchlikethatofachildlearningrightfromwrongandadoptingsimilarpatternsofbehavior.Wehopethatownersunderstandtheimportanceoftheiractionsandusethisknowledgetosetgoodexamplesandthereforepositivelyinfluencethebehavioroftheirpets.28.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.DogsAreIntelligentAnimalsB.DogsArelikeChildrenMostC.DogsBehavelikeTheirMastersD.DogsCanCompleteSimpleTasks29.TheunderlinedparttheyinParagraph4mostprobablyrefersto________.A.thedogs’mastersB.themagazine’spublishersC.allthepeopleinvolvedintheexperimentD.thebiologistsandpsychologists30.Theresearchersbelievedogs’imitativebehaviorcomesmainlyfrom______.A.domesticationB.humanrewardsC.evolutionD.human-doginteractions31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.MastersshouldinfluencetheirdogsasearlyaspossiblE.B.A.man’sbadbehaviormayinfluencehisdog.C.Dogscan’tbeinfluencedbymeneasily.D.Dogsalwaysbehavepositively.
Mars火星appearstobeflowingwithsmallstreamsofsaltywateratleastinthesummerscientistsreportedMonday.Itsuggeststhat.itwouldbepossiblefortheretobelifetodayonMarsNASA'ssciencemissionchiefJohnGrunsfeldsaidatanewsconferenceonSeptember282015.Thestreamsareabout12to15feetwideand300feetormorelongscientistssaiD.Whatwe'redealingwithiswetsoil.thinlayersofwetsoilnotstandingwatersaidAifredMcEwenoftheUniversityofArizonaatTueson!theprincipalscientistfortheMarsReconnaissanceOrbiter'shigh-resolutionimagingexperiment.BecauseliquidwaterisessentialtolifethefindingscouldhavemajorimplicationsforthepossibilityofMartianlifE.Theresearcherssaidfurtherexplorationisneededtodeterminewhethermicroscopiclifeexistsontheplanet.ThepresenceofliquidwatercouldalsomakelifeeasierforastronautsvisitingorlivingonMars.Watercouldbeusedfordrinkingandforcreatingoxygenandrocketfuel.NASA'sgoalistosendhumansthereinthe2030s.Theevidenceofflowingwaterconsistslargelyofdarknarrowstreaks条痕onthesurfacethattendtoappearandgrowduringthewarmestMartianmonthsandfadetherestoftheyear.Marsisextremelycoldeveninsummerandthestreaksareinplaceswherethetemperatureisaslowasminus10degreesFahrenheit.ButsaltcanlowerthefreezingpointofwaterandmelticE.Thesource源头ofthewaterisamystery.ScientistsnoteditcouldbemeltingicE.Itcouldbeanundergroundaquiferwhichisrockorsandthatcanholdwater.ItispossiblywatervaporfromthethinMartianatmosphereOritmaybeacombinationMichaelMeyerleadscientistforNASA'sMarsexplorationprogramsaidtheonlydefinitivewayfornowtodeterminewhetherthere'slifeonMarsistocollectrocksandsoilforanalysisonEarth-somethingaU.S.landersetforlift-offin2020willdo.32.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?'A.StreamsofWaterSpottedonMarsB.AstronautswillLandonMarsC.NASA'sMarsExplorationProgramD.A.BreakthroughintheExplorationofMars33.AccordingtoJohnGrunsfeldthereseemstobeonMars.A.saltywaterB.standingwaterC.rocketfuelD.humanbeings34.ScientistsareuncertainabouttheofthewateronMars.A.stateB.sourceC.temperatureD.taste35.WhatmatterstotheexistenceofliquidwateronMars?A.Thedistancefromthesun.B.ThefavorableclimatE.C.ThegravityoftheearthD.Thesaltinit.
Theircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter’sday.Butrobinsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysingingtoomuch.Robinsaresingingallnight一aswellasduringthedayBritish-basedresearcherssay.DavidDominoniofGlasgowUniversitysaidthatlightfromstreetlampstakeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds’biologicalclockleadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.DrDominoniwhoisputtingcamerasinsidenestingboxestotracksleepingpatternssaidlackofsleepcouldputthebirds’healthatrisk.Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsareexposedtolightatnightinthelabitleadstosomegenesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.Andthemorebirdsareexposedtolightthemoreactivetheyareatnight.HetoldpeopleataconferenceTherehavebeenacoupleofstudiessuggestingtheyareincreasingtheirsongoutputatnightandduringthedaytheyarestillsinging.Singingisacostlybehaviorandittakesenergy.Sobyincreasingtheirsongoutputtheremightbesomecostsofenergy.Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmorenocturnal.DrDominonisaidInGlasgowwhereIlivegullsareaseriousproblem.Ihavepeoplecomingtomesaying‘Youarethebirdexpert.Canyouhelpuskillthesegulls?’.Duringthebreeding繁殖seasonbetweenAprilandJunetheyareveryactiveatnightandverynoisyandpeoplecan’tsleep.AlthoughDrDominonihasonlystudiedlightpollutionotherresearchconcludedthatrobinslivinginnoisycitieshavestartedtosingatnighttomakethemselvesheardoverloudnoisE.Howeversomebirdsthrive兴旺innoisyenvironments.A.studyfromCaliforniaPolytechnicUniversityfoundmorehummingbirdsinareaswithheavyindustrialmachinery.Itisthoughtthattheyarecapitalizingontheirpredators天敌fleeingtoquieterareas.24.AccordingtoDrDominoni’sstudywhatcausesrobinstosingsomuch?A.Thebreedingseason.B.Thenoisefromheavymachinery.C.Thedangerousenvironment.D.ThelightinmodernlifE.25.Whatistheresearchers’concernovertheincreaseofbirds’songoutput?A.TheenvironmentmightbepolluteD.B.TheindustrycostmightbeincreaseD.C.Thebirds’healthmightbedamageD.D.Thepeople’shearingmightbeaffecteD.26.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordnocturnalinParagraph5mean?A.Inactiveatnight.B.Activeatnight.C.Activeduringtheday.D.Inactiveduringtheday.27.Whydosomebirdsthriveinnoisyenvironments?A.Becausetherearemoreplacestotakeshelter.B.Becausethereismorefoodtoeat.C.BecausethereislesslightpollutionD.Becausetherearefewerdangers.
Theworld’sstrangestcompetitionsCamelhairdressingBikanerIndiaInRajasthanIndiacamelsarekings.TheycarrygoodsworkatwellsandarenecessaryforgettingfromplacetoplacE.Soathree-dayfestivalcelebratescamelswithafur-cuttingcompetition.Ownersspenduptotwoyearspreparingtheircamels’hairforthecompetition.TheythencutthefurintobeautifultraditionalIndianpatterns.Tuna金枪鱼throwingPortLincolnAustraliaEveryJanuarysince1961theTunaramaFestival—acelebrationofthesandwich-friendlyseacreatureinthefishingtownofPortLincoln—hasattractedupto25000visitorsforthetunathrowingcompetition.Twenty-poundfisharetiedtotheendsofaropeswungaroundtheheadandthrownasfaraspossiblE.Nut-treeclimbingIndonesiaIndonesia’sDutchcolonisers殖民者couldbecruel.Ondaysofcelebrationtheywouldtieawheelofprizestothetopofanut-treecoverthetreewithoilandinviteyounglocalstotrytoclimbit.Indonesiahasbeenindependentsincethemid-1940sbutthetraditionofpoleclimbingknownasPanjatPinangisstillpopular.Sinceit'snearlyimpossibletogettothetopofapolebyyourselfpeoplenowworkingroupstoreachtheprizes.TheverticalmarathonSingaporeThe73-storeySwissotelisthetallesthotelinSoutheastAsiasothebestchoiceforgettingtothetopisthelift.ButsinceNovember2004athletictypeshavebeengoingtothebuildingonceayeartoraceupits1336steps.Thewinnersarerewardedwithabreath-takingviewofthegardencityofSingaporefromthehotel’sroof.8.Thefur-cuttingcompetitioninBikanerisheldto______.A.showrespectforcamelsB.increasetourisminBikanerC.protecttraditionalIndianartD.encourageIndia’sfur-cuttingindustry9.WhatcanwelearnaboutPanjatPinang?A.itwasinventedbyIndonesians.B.itisforyoungpeopleonly.C.itrequiresteamwork.D.itwasonceapunishment.10.Ifyouwanttohaveabird’seyeviewofacityyoushouldwin____.A.thecamelhairdressingcompetitionB.thenut-treeclimbingcompetitionC.thetunathrowingcompetitionD.theverticalmarathon
Nowscientistshavediscoveredthefirstevidence证据thattheanimalsactuallybehaveliketheirmasters.Justlikechildrentheyusealookandlearnwaywhichmeanstheycanmimic模仿human’sactionswhengoingabouttheirtasks.BiologistsandpsychologistsattheuniversitiesofViennaandOxforddesignedanexperimenttotestthetheory理论thatdogsdohavetheabilitytocopywhattheyseeusingasimplewoodenbox.Inthestudytenownersshowedtheirdogshowtoopenthewoodenboxsometimesusingtheirheadstopushahandleandsometimesusingtheirhands.Inthefirstpartofthetestfivedogswererewardedwithapieceofsausageforcopyingtheirowners’actions.Theotherfivewererewardedwithfoodfornotcopyingandusingothermethods.Witheachdogtheexperimentwasrepeatedhundredsoftimesandthetimetakenforadogtogetitrighton85percentofattempts尝试17goesoutof20wasrecordeD.Thedogsthatwereencouragedtomirrortheirownersreachedthispointalmostthreetimessooneronaveragethanthoserewardedfornotcopyingthem.InthesecondpartofthetestallthedogswereonlyrewardedforcopyingthemethodtheirownersuseD.Thefivedogspreviously先前rewardedforcopyingtheirownersreachedthe85percentmarkmorethantwiceastheotherfivE.InapaperpublishedinProceedingoftheRoyalSocietytheyconcludedLikehumansdogscan’thelpimitatingactionstheyseE.GoingfurthertheysaidTheresultssuggesttheimitative模仿的behaviorofdogsisshapedmorebytheirdevelopmentalinteractionswithhumansthanbytheirevolutionary进化的historyofdomestication驯化.CarolineKiskofromtheKennelclubsaidAdog’sbehaviorisinfluencedmuchlikethatofachildlearningrightfromwrongandusingsimilarpatternsofbehavior.Wehopethatownersunderstandtheimportanceoftheiractionsandusethisknowledgetosetgoodexamplesandthereforepositivelyinfluencethebehavioroftheirpets.5.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.DogsAreIntelligentAnimals.B.DogsArelikeChildrenMost.C.DogsBehavelikeTheirMasters.D.DogsCanCompleteSimpleTasks.6.Theresearchersbelievedogs’imitativebehaviorcomesmainlyfrom______.A.human-doginteractionsB.humanrewardsC.evolutionD.domestication7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.MastersshouldinfluencetheirdogsasearlyaspossiblE.B.A.man’sbadbehaviormayinfluencehisdog.C.Dogscan’tbeinfluencedbymeneasily.D.Dogsalwaysbehavepositively.
TheHunanSatelliteTVHNTVshowWherearewegoingDad?isabighit.Manyfamousstarsbroughttheirchildrentoastrangevillagealoneandtheyhadtospend72hourswiththeirchildrentherE.Theprogramfullyshowedusamodernversionofthehowtobeagoodfather.AstheyoungparentstodayaretoobusytotakecareoftheirchildrenthisnewformofLostonthewayplayedbynannydaddyandcutekidstriggered触发alotofpeople’semotionalresonance共鸣.Boththekidsandtheirparentswillfindthattheirheartsarebeingdrawncloser.Butthiskindoffeelinghasjustprovedthatthereisabigspiritualbarrierbetweenthemodernparentsandchildren.TheTVshowslikeChildrenarehardtosupport!WherearewegoingDad?hotmomandcutekidsarebecomingmoreandmorepopular.Alloftheseshowthenewparents’confusioninchildren’seducationandtheappealforthebalancebetweencareerandfamily.Inreallifeontheonehandtheyoungparentsfeelhelplessbecausetheyaretoobusytoaccompanytheirchildrenunderthepressuresofworkandlife;ontheotherhandtheycontinuetodoso.ThedatacollectedbyHNTVshowthatnearlytwo-thirdsoftheiraudiencearefemaleamongwhom36%areagedfrom25to34.Wecanimaginesuchascenethatoneeveningayoungmotheriswatchingtheshowwithheryoungchildrenwhileherhusbandisstillatworkortrappedinsocializingormaybeisjustplayingcomputergamesinthebedroom.Thestoryofachildwithoutthecompanyoffatherisstillgoingon.Infactitissometimesthesametomothers.InamodernfamilyitisoftentheoldwhotaketheresponsibilityofraisingachilD.Theparticipationofmotherinthechildren’seducationisalsoverylow.ItisjustthiskindofconfusionwheretheparentshavegoneinthemodernfamilyeducationandwheretheparentswillguidetheirchildrentogothatWherearewegoingDad?showsus.Ifachildwantstogrowuphealthilyandsafelyintoamoderncitizenwithindependentpersonalityandfreespirititisveryimportantforhimorhertofollowtheparentswhoserveastheirfirstteacher.MaybethisistherealreasonwhysuchkindofTVprogramscouldgethot.Thetruthisthatchildrenwillgowheretheirparentsgo;andsocietywillgowherethechildrengo.1.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredinthepassage?A.Parentsshouldn’tentirelyleavetheeducationofchildrentotheolD.B.36%oftheaudienceoftheprogramarefemaleagedfrom25-34.C.Theprogramshowsustheconfusionwheretheparentsandchildrenwillgotoplay.D.InamodernfamilyitisoftenmotherswhoareresponsibleforraisingachilD.2.Whichoneisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ConfusionbehindWherearewegoingdad?B.ModernEducationisImportantC.NannyDaddyandCuteKidsD.NewProblemsinModernChildren’sEducation3.Inraisingachildinmodernsocietyparentsshould__________.A.playcomputergameswiththeirchildrenB.breakdownthebarrierbetweenchildrenandteachersC.balancewellbetweenfamilyandcareerD.keeptheirchildrenathometoavoidsocializing4.Whatattitudetowardsmodernfamilyeducationdoestheauthorexpressinthesecondparagraph?A.OptimistiC.B.ProuD.C.WorrieD.D.Indifferent.
Manyofusrememberbeinginawe敬畏whenwesawcloneddinosaursrunningwildinthefilmJurassicPark.Andtheideaofusingtechnologytorevive恢复extinctspecieshaslongfascinatednotonlywritersanddirectorsbutscientistsaswell.AccordingtoTheTelegraphwoollymammoths长毛猛犸象whichfeaturedinthepopularIceAgeanimatedmovieseriesmaywalktheearthoncemorenowthatscientistshavetakenanothersteptowardrealizingalong-helddream—recreatingtheirDNA.Mammothsbecameextinctaround10000yearsago.Howeversincethediscoveryofnear-perfectpreservedremainsinArcticpermafrost北极冻土带inMay2013avarietyofresearchstudieshavebeencarriedoutsincE.GeneticistsfromHarvardUniversityanalyzedDNAfromtheremainslookingforgeneswhichseparatedmammothsfromelephantssuchashairinessandearsizE.Theythenusedtheresultstoreproduceexactcopiesof14mammothgenes.Itisthefirsttimethatmammothgeneshavebeenalive—althoughsofarithasonlybeendoneinthelabGeorgeChurchleadresearcheroftheprojecttoldtheSundayTimes.ChurchthenusedanewtechniquewhichallowsscientiststoeditDNAcarefullyreplacingsectionsofelephantDNAwiththemammothgenes.SowenowhavefunctioningelephantcellswithmammothDNAinthemhesaiD.HoweverChurchruledoutthepossibilityofbringingthemammothsbacktolifeviacloningfromfrozenremains.Hesaidhepreferredtofocusonrebuildingthefullmammothgenome基因组byanalyzingDNAfrompreservedremainsandputtingitintothecellsofitsclosestlivingrelative–theAsianelephantreportedTheTelegraph.Churcharguedthatthereturnofthewoollymammoth—orratherthereturnofsomethingverysimilar—couldhelpbringbackfragile脆弱的ecosystems.Howeversomescientistsbelievethatbringingbackthemammothwouldbeunethical.ProfessorAlexGreenwoodanexpertonancientDNAsaid:WemayfacetheextinctionofAfricanandAsianelephants.Whybringbackanotherelephantfromextinctionwhenwecannotevenkeeptheonesthatarenotextinctaround?hetoldtheSundayTimes.Whatisthemessage?Wecanbeasirresponsiblewiththeenvironmentaswewant.Thenwe’lljustclonethingsback?MoneywouldbebetterspentfocusingonconservingwhatwedohavethanspendingitonananimalthathasbeenextinctforthousandsofyearshesaiD.59.Wecanlearnfromthearticlethat______.A.clonedmammothsfollowedcloneddinosaurstogetrevivedB.thetechnologytorevivemammothgenesisalreadymatureC.GeorgeChurchandhiscolleaguestriedtoreproducemammothDNAD.Churchandhisteammanagedtolistallthegenesthatseparatemammothsfromelephants60.AccordingtoChurchwhatisthesignificanceofhisstudy?A.ItcouldhelppreventtheextinctionoftheAsianelephant.B.ItcouldhelppeoplebettertellelephantDNAfrommammothgenes.C.Itcouldhelpbringbacksomeextinctspeciesandsavefragileecosystems.D.Itcouldhelpbringmammothsbacktolifeviacloningfromfrozenremains.61.TheunderlinedwordunethicalinParagraph7isclosestinmeaningto______.A.unacceptableB.misledC.impracticalD.illegal62.AccordingtothearticleProfessorAlexGreenwoodbelievesthat_______.A.thereisnoneedtoworryabouttheextinctionofAfricanandAsianelephantsatpresentB.it’snecessarytobringbackspeciesthatarebeneficialtohumanbeingsfromextinctionC.thereturnofthewoollymammothwouldhelptobalanceecosystemsD.it’smoreimportanttoprotectpresentspeciesthantobringbackextinctones
Bamboo竹子isoneofnature’s自然mostsurprisingplants.Manypeoplecallthisplantatreebutitisakindofgrass.Likeotherkindsofgrassabambooplantmaybecutverylowtothegroundbutitwillgrowbackveryquickly.A.Japanesescientistreportedonebambooplantwhichgrew1.5metres4feetin24hours!BamboogrowsalmosteverywhereintheworldexceptEuropE.Therearemorethan1000kindsofbamboo.NotallbamboolooksthesamE.Somebambooplantsareverythin.Theymayonlygrowtobeafewcentimeterswidewhileothersmaygrowtomorethan30centimetres1footacross.Thisplantalsocomesindifferentcolorsfromyellowtoblacktogreen.Bamboohasbeenusedtomakemanythingssuchashatsandkitchentools.Becauseitisstrongbambooisalsousedtobuildbuildings.ManyAsiancountrieshaveusedbambooforhundredsofyears.Theyoftenusebambooforbuildingsandsupportingnewbuildingsandbridgeswhiletheyarebeingbuilt.InAfricapoorfarmersaretaughthowtofindwaterusingbamboo.TheseAfricancountriesneedcheapwaytofindwaterbecausetheyhavenomoneyandtheircropsoftendiefromnorainandnowater.Bamboopipeshelppoorfarmersbringwatertotheirthirstyfieldswithoutspendingalotofmoney.21.Howisbamboolikegrass?A.Itgrowsquickly.B.It’swooD.C.ItiseasytocutD.Itisverythin22.Thoughyoucanseebambooeverywhereitdoesn’tgrow______.A.inChinaB.inEuropeC.onmountainsD.inAfrica23.WhyisbamboousedbyAfricanpoorfarmers?A.Becauseitischeap.B.Becauseithasdifferentcolors.C.Becauseitisstrong.D.BecauseithasbeenusedbyAsians.24.Bamboopipescan______.A.makemoneyB.betreesC.growquicklyD.carrywater
Peopleshouldhaveonemeat-freedayaweekiftheywanttomakeapersonalandeffectivesacrifice牺牲thatwouldhelpdealwithclimatechangetheworld’sleadingauthorityonglobalwarminghastoldTheObserver.DrRajendraPachaurichairoftheUnitedNationsIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangesaidthatpeopleshouldthengoontoreducetheirmeatconsumptionevenfurther.Pachauriwhowasre-electedthepanel’schairmanforasecondsix-yeartermlastweeksaiddietchangewasimportantbecauseofthehugegreenhousegasemissions排放andotherenvironmentalproblemsassociatedwithraisingcattleandotheranimals.ItwasrelativelyeasytochangeeatinghabitscomparedtochangingmeansoftransporthesaiD.TheUN’sFoodandAgricultureOrganisationhasestimatedthatmeatproductionaccountsfornearlyafifthofglobalgreenhousegasemissions.Theseareproducedduringtheproduction.Forexampleruminants反刍动物particularlycowsgiveoffagascalledmethane甲烷whichis23timesmoreeffectiveasaglobalwarmingagentthanCO2.PachauricanexpectsomeoppositeresponsesfromthefoodindustrytohisadvicethoughlastnighthewasgivenunexpectedsupportbyMasterchefpresenterandrestaurateurJohnTorodE.IhavealittlebitandenjoyitsaidTorodE.ToomuchforanypersonisbaD.Butthere’sabiggerissuehere:wherethemeatcomesfrom.IfweallboughtBritishandstoppedbuyingimportedfoodwe’dsaveahugeamountofcarbonemissions.ProfessorRobertWatsonthechiefscientificadviserfortheDepartmentforEnvironmentFoodandRuralAffairssaidgovernmentcouldhelpeducatepeopleaboutthebenefitsofeatinglessmeatbutitshouldnotregulatE.Eatinglessmeatwouldhelpthere’snoquestionaboutthatWatsonsaiD.HoweverChrisLambheadofmarketingforpigindustrygroupBPEXsaidthemeatindustryhadbeenunfairlytargetedandwasworkinghardtofindoutwhichactivitieshadthebiggestenvironmentalimpactandreducethem.SomeideaswerecontradictoryhesaiD.ForexampleonesolutiontoemissionsfromcattleandotheranimalswastokeepthemindoorsbutthiswoulddamageanimalwelfarE.ClimatechangeisaveryyoungscienceandourviewistherearealotofsimplesolutionsbeingproposeD.63.Whatisdirectlyrelatedtoglobalwarming?A.Consumptionofmeat.B.GrowthofcattlE.C.Methanefromruminants.D.Processingofmeat.64.Whoholdsaviewoppositetotheothers’inthepassage?A.RajendraPachauri.B.JohnTorodE.C.RobertWatson.D.ChrisLamB.65.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat_____.A.weshouldtrytokeepawayfromcattleB.ruminantsshouldnotbeleftoutdoorsC.themeatindustrywillsoonclosedownD.wemustdoourdutytosavetheearth66.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.LessmeatslowerglobalwarmingB.MoreanimalsmoregreenhousegasC.LessimportedfoodbetterourenvironmentD.Greaterdietchangesmallerclimatechange
Thepoachingorillegalkillingofrhinos犀牛inSouthAfricaisgrowingworseeachyear.Thegovernmentrecentlyreportedthatarecordnumberofrhinoswerepoachedin2014ayearwhichhadmorerhinokillingsinSouthAfricathaneverbefore.TheWorldWildlifeFundorWWFsaysabout20000rhinosliveinSouthAfrica.Thatismorethan80percentoftherhinosintheworld.EdnaMolewaSouthAfrica’senvironmentalissuesministersaysDuring2014wearesadtosaythis1215rhinoswerekilled.Thisisariseinthenumberofpoachedrhinosfrom1004in2013andindeedveryworrying.Theanimalsarehuntedfortheirhorns犀牛角.ManypeopleinAsiabelievethehornhascuringpowerwhichdrivespoachersatallcostsmadformorehorns.Butthereisnoscientificevidenceforthisbelief.Thehornismadeofkeratin.Thatisthesamethingashumanhairfingernailsandtoenails.Ms.Mo1ewasaid386suspectedpoacherswerearrestedlastyearanincreasefromtheyearbefore.Butrhinoprotectionworkerssaypoachersoftengounpunishedafterarrest.SouthAfrica’slegalsystemisineffective.Ms.MolewasaidmoreneedstobedoneandSouthAfricaistakingstrongmeasurestoprotectrhinos.Theeffortsincludemovingsomeoftheanimalstosecretplacesinneighboringcountries.Nowapproximately100rhinoshavebeenmovedtoneighboringstatesintheSADCregionduring2014and200morerhinoswillbemovedthisyearMolewasaid.JoShawtherhinoprogrammanagerattheWWFsaidwe’retalkingaboutalossofahundredrhinosamonth.Ormorethanthreeaday.Wereallyneedtoseeeffectiveactionnotjustatanationallevelbutinternationally.Shesaysofficialsshouldfindthecriminalgroupsresponsibleforthepoachingandpunishthem.GovernmentofficialsaretomeetinBotswanainMarchattheInter-governmentalConferenceonIllegalWildlifeTradE.21.Whatdoweknowaboutrhinos?A.HalfoftherhinosliveinSouthAfrica.B.Lessthan1000rhinoswerekilledin2013.C.Thekillingreachedthehighestpointin2014.D.Thereareonly20000rhinosleftintheworld.22.Whatisthemainreasonforpeopletohuntrhinos?A.Togetmorekeratin.B.Toprotectthefarmland.C.Tousethemfordecoration.D.Tomakemoneyfromhorns.23.JoShawthinksthat_________.A.manycriminalgroupsarewellorganizedB.newlawsareneededtopunishthekillersC.rhinoprotectionneedsinternationalcooperationD.conferencesaboutprotectingrhinosaretobeheldeveryyear24.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Rhinoprotectionhasalongwaytogo.B.Noonewouldliketobuyhornsinthefuture.C.Theillegalkillingofrhinoswillsoondisappear.D.RhinoslivinginSouthAfricawillmovetoothercountries.
Scientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents洋流.Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh-techequipment.HoweveroceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbagE.A.scientistwithmanyyears’experiencehestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashingupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswapmeetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes—about60000intotal—fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpectedthecompanytoldhimthattheydidn’t.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylandedhecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofoceancurrents.ThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld’sbestareasforbeachcombing海滩搜寻becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhereandasaresultthereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersintheareA.EbbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslandeD.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1600shoes.Withthisdataheandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrentsandpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.AstheresultofhisworkEbbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexpertswith500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealanD.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.32.Ebbesmeyerphonedtheshoecompanytofindout______.A.whatcausedtheshippingaccidentB.whenandwheretheshoeswentmissingC.whetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoesD.howmuchtheylostintheshippingaccident33.HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?A.Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.B.Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcombers.C.Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels.D.Byresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary.34.Ebbesmeyerismostfamousfor______.A.travelingwidelythecoastalcitiesoftheworldB.makingrecordsforanylostobjectsontheseaC.runningaglobalcurrentsresearchassociationD.phoningaboutanydoubtfulobjectsonthesea35.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A.Tocallpeople’sattentiontooceanpollution.B.Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.C.Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.D.Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.
Technologybenefitsusincountlessandgreatways.HoweverinthisapeofeverincreasingdigitalcontactourtechnologyusemaypromoteorpreventourrelationshipsdependingonoutofhowtomanageandmonitionitsusE.Usingalaptopwhileinthecompanyofapartnerwithoutinteractingwithhimresultedinacouple’snegativeinfluenceontheirrelationship.Onthecontrarycoupleswhousedtechnologytogetherwhilebecominginvolvedwitheachotherintheprocessresultedinpositiveinfluenceontheirrelationship.Technologyiseverywherethesedays-----especiallycellphones.Inthepastwhenwewaitedintimeatthegrocerystoreoratadoctor’sofficewewouldoftenstartaconversationwithanearlystranger.Todaythedefaultchoice默认选项seemstobeputtingoutheadsdownintoourphonesinsteadofface-to-faceconnectionwitheachother.Perhapsyouhaveexperiencedthefollowedplot.Youwalkintoanofficethatyoubelievetobeemptybecauseitissodeathlymats.Youaresurprisedinsteadtofinditfilledwithpeoplenecksbentdownwantbusilytappingontheirwellphonesinsteadofbecominginvolvedwithoneanother.ThisphenomenonbecauseparticularlyheartbreakingformerecentlyasIsatinmydentist’swaitingroomseatednexttoaanotherandheryoungdaughter.TheyounggirlsatquietlynexttohermotherwhocontusedtofocusherunderdidautomationonhercellponE.AfterwhatmusthaveseemedtobealongtimethedaughtersaidkindlyinanannoyedvoicE.Mom!Imissyou!Withafrightenedtookofembarrassmentthemomhurriedlyputhercellphoneintoherpurseandscoured抱起herdaughterup.Technologycancertainlymakethingseasierforusandhasrightfully合法地earnedanessentialplaceinmypersonalandprofessionallivE.Howeverforthebnalthofourrelationshipsandtheneedtocreatemoresocialandemotionalintimacy高密度wemustcarveouttechnology-freetimE.51.Accordingtothepassagetechnology_________.A.makesthingsmoreattractivetous.B.hasadvantagesanddisadvantagestoourrelationshipsC.changesourlifecompletelyD.bringsusmuchconvenience52.Thecouple’susingtechnologytogetherinthecaseofinteraction________A.canleadahappylifeB.maymakethemhavesimilaropinionsonlifeC.ismorebeneficialtotheirrelationshipthanonlyoneuses.D.makesthecouplelikecommunicatingwithothers53.TheunderlinedwordmuteinParA.4canbereplacedby_________A.darkB.coldC.cleanD.quiet54.ThefollowingstatementsaretrueEXCEPT____.A.itisphonesthatsometimespreventourface-to-faceconnectionB.todaymoreandmorepeoplearenotgoodatcommunicatingbecauseoftechnologyC.themothertheauthormetinhisdentist’swaitingroomwasaddictedtotheuseofphones.D.inordertoincreasetheintimacybetweenpeopleweshouldsparetimewithouttechnology.55.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.LookingawayfromyourphonE.B.CommunicatingwithpeoplearoundyouC.AvoidingusingcellphoneswhilewaitingD.Encouragingface-to-faceconnection
Cloningissuggestedasameansofbringingbackarelativeusuallyachildkilledtragically.SomeparentscanunderstandthatwishbutitmustfirstberecognizedthatthecopywouldbeanewbabyandnotthelostchilD.HereliesthedifficultyforthesadparentsareseekingnotanewbabybutareturnofthedeadonE.Sincetheoriginalwouldbefondlyrememberedashavingparticulartalentsandinterestswouldnottheparentsexpectthecopytobethesame?Itispossiblehoweverthatthecopywoulddevelopquitedifferently.Isitfairtothenewchildtobeplacedinafamilywithsuchunnaturalexpectations?Copyingisalsosuggestedasameansbywhichparentscanhavethechildoftheirdreams.Couplesmightchoosetohaveacopyofafilmstarbaseballplayerorscientistdependingontheirinterest.Butbecausepersonalityisonlypartlytheresultofgeneticinheritance遗传conflictswouldbesuretoariseiftheclonedchildfailedtodevelopthesameinterestsastheoriginal.WhatifthecopyofEinsteinshowsnointerestinscience?Orthebaseballplayerturnstoacting?SuccessalsodependsuponfortunE.Whatifthechilddoesnotliveuptothehopesanddreamsoftheparentssimplybecauseofbadluck?Everychildshouldbewantedforitselfasanindividual.Inmakingacopyofoneselforsomefamouspersonaparentisdeliberately深思熟虑地specifying详细说明thewayheorshewishesthatchildtodevelop.InrecentyearsparticularlyintheU.S.muchimportancehasbeenplacedontherightofindividualstoreproduceinwaysthattheywish.SoIsuggestthereisagreaterneedtoconsidertheinterestsofthechildandtorejecttheseproposedusesofcloning.68.Whathappenstoparentsincloningalostchild?A.Parentsexpecttoomuchfromthecopy.B.Parentsmaygetaquitedifferentcopy.C.Parentsaresuretohaveanidenticalcopy.D.ParentslosethetalentsofthelostchilD.69.Whatintheauthor’sopinionaffectsthesuccessofparents’dreams?A.Theclonedchild’sinterestinEinstein.B.Theclonedchild’snaturaltalent.C.Theclonedchild’spersonality.D.Theeffortsoftheparents.70.Inthispassagetheauthorismainlyconcernedabout______.A.thefutureofaclonedchildB.thepossibilityofcloningpeopleC.theimportanceofcloningalostchildD.theproblemsofcloninglife
Treesareusefultomaninthreeimportantways:theygivehimwoodandotherusefulthingstheygivehimcoolplacesandtheyhelptostopdroughtandflooD.Unluckilyinmanypartsoftheworldmanhasnotfoundthatthethirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.ManwantstomakemoneyfromtreessohehascutthemdowninlargenumbersonlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehaD.Andalsoheisusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatmanwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenworse:forwheretherearetreestheirrootsbreakupsoil---maketherainin---andalsobind凝固thesoilthusstoppingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotreestherainfallsonhardgroundandflowsawaycausingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtop-soil.Whenallthetopsoilisgonenothingisleftbutuselessdesert.30.Themostimportantpointsoftreestomanis________.A.theyhelphimtomakemoneyB.theygivehimcoolC.theygivehimwoodandotherthingsD.theyhelphimtostopdroughtandfloods31.Inmanyplacesforestsslowlydisappearbecause________.A.manytreeshavebeencutdownbymanB.newtreesarenotwelllookedafterC.manhasnotpaidenoughattentiontoplantingtreesD.alltheabove32.Landbecomesdesertafteralltreesarecutdownbecause________.A.rootsoftreesbreakupthesoilB.therearetoomanyrainfallsC.strongwindsbringalotofsandD.therearenolongertreestokeeptherainandprotectthetop-soil.
Alaska’sArcticlakesnowfreezelaterandmeltearlierintheyearthanin1950leavingthemeasytosufferwaterlossfromevaporation蒸发andpossiblyaddingtolocalwarminganewstudyfinds.ThewintericeseasonnearBarrowAlaskaisshorterthanin1950researchersreportedJan.30inthejournalTheCryospherE.Lakeiceisalsothinnereachwinter.Thescientistssurveyed402lakesontheNorthSlopewherepermafrostpermanentlyfrozengroundandshallowlakesdominatethearea.In2011thelakeicewas38percentthinnerthanin1950and22percentfewerlakesfrozethroughtotheirbottoms.WhenwesawtheactualnumberswewereshockedathowdramaticthechangehasbeenleadstudyauthorCristinaSurduoftheUniversityofWaterlooinCanadasaidinastatement.Surduandherco-authorsanalyzedthechangesinlake—icethicknessandicecoverwithsatelliteimagesandclimatemodelsimulationssatelliteimagesareonlyavailablefrom1991.TheclimatemodelssuggesttheArcticlakesfrozealmostsixdayslaterandbrokeupabout18daysearlierinthewinterof2011comparedwiththewinterof1950.ThechangesiniceandtheshortenedwinteraffectNortherncommunitiesthatdependoniceroadstotransportgoodsSurdusaid.ForexampleeverywinteroilcompaniesbuildroadsoverfrozenlakestocarrysuppliestoPrudhoeBay.‘‘ThedramaticchangesinlakeicemayalsocontributetofurtherwarmingoftheentireregionbecauseopenwateronlakescontributestowarmerairtemperaturesSurdusaid.TheArcticiswarmingtwiceasfastastherestoftheplanetforreasonsthatmayincludeitslayeredatmospherewhichtrapsheatandthelossofseaiceandsnowcoverwhichhelpreflectthesun’senergywhenpresent.28.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Arctic1akesnowfreezeearlierandmelt1ater.B.Alaska’slocalwarmingisdecreasingsharply.C.Arcticlakesarelosingice.D.Arcticlakesholdmorefleshwaterthanbefore.29.AccordingtothetextthegreatchangesofAlaska’sArcticlakes________.A.aretotallybeyondSurdu’sexpectationsB.arecompletelywithinSurdu’sexpectationsC.comeasnosurprisetoSurduandherco-authorsD.comeasagreatexcitementtoSurdu30.HowmanydayswasthewintericeseasonofArctic1akesin2011shorterthanthatin1950?A.6days.B.12days.C.18days.D.24days.31.WhatisthelastparagraphmainlyaboutaccordingtoSurdu?A.Whatreflectsthesun’senergy.B.Howitslayeredatmospheretrapsheat.C.Whyourplanetiswarming.D.WhytheArcticregionisbecomingwarmer.
Anastronautsoundscooldoesn'tit?Inspacetheygettodosomeprettyamazingthingslikefloatinginzerogravity重力.Howevertherearealsoplentyofthingsthatastronautscan'tdobecauseoftheirweightlessenvironmentandthat'sverysaD.What'sworsetheycan'tevenlettheirsadnessshow–becauseit'simpossibletocryinzerogravity.Ofcourseastronautscanstillproducetears.ButcryingismuchmoredifficultinspacereportedTheAtlanticinJanuary.Withoutgravitytearsdon'tflowdownwardoutoftheeyesliketheydohereonEarth.Thismeansthatwhenyoucryinspaceyourtearshavenowheretogo—theyjuststicktoyoureyes.InMay2011astronautAndrewFeustelexperiencedthisduringoneofhisspacewalks.Tearshesaiddon'tfalloffofyoureyE.TheyjustkindofstaytherE.Besidesmakingyourvisionunclearthiscanalsocausephysicalpain.BackonEarthtearsaresupposedtobringcomforttotheeyes.Butthat'snotthecaseinspacE.Thespaceenvironmentdriesoutastronauts'eyesandwhentearssuddenlywettheeyesitcancausepainratherthancomfort.Myrighteyeispainfullikecrazy.Feusteltoldhisteammateduringthewalk.Sincegravitydoesn'tworkinspaceastronautsneedsomeextrahelptogetridofthetears.Feustelchosetorubhiseyesagainsthishelmettowipethetearsaway.Anotherchoiceistojustwait—WhenthetearsgetbigenoughtheysimplybreakfreeoftheeyeandfloataroundastronautRonParisetoldTheAtlantiC.Therearelotsofsmallthings—thingslikecrying–thatwearesousedtoonEarth.WeusuallytakethemforgranteduntiltheybecomeaprobleminatotallydifferentenvironmentlikespacE.Thereastronautscan'ttalktoeachotherdirectly.Theyalsocan'teatordrinkinnormalways.Theycan'tevenburp打嗝becausethereisnogravitytoholdthefooddownintheirstomach.Iftheydoburptheyjustendupthrowingup呕吐everythingintheirstomachaccordingtotheUKNationalSpaceCenter.Thusperhapsit'sonlyspaceexplorerswhocanhonestlysay:Gravityyou'rethebest.41.Whatcanweconcludefromparagraphs2and3?A.AstronautsareunabletofeelsadinspacE.B.AstronautsproducefewertearsinspacE.C.Tearsproducedinspaceflowdownmoreslowly.D.Tearsproducedinspacedon'tflowdownwarD.42.Whateffectdotearshaveonastronauts?A.Theycausephysicalpain.B.Theybringcomforttothem.C.Theymaketheirvisionclearer.D.TheyfloataroundandcausetroublE.43.Whatcantheastronautdotogetridofthetears?A.RubhiseyesagainsthishelmettoletthetearsfloatforwarD.B.RubhiseyesbyhandtoletthetearsfloatarounD.C.Getthetearsbigenoughtofalloffofhiseyes.D.Getthetearsbigenoughtobreakawayfromhiseyes.44.What'sthesecond-to-lastparagraphmainlyabout?A.SuggestionsonhowastronautscanstaycomfortableinspacE.B.OtherbasicthingsthataredifficulttodoinspacE.C.WhyburpingisimpossibleinspacE.D.Thingsthathumanscan'tdowithoutgravity.45.Whenofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Intheskyyoucan'tburpB.BetterlifewithgravityC.Intheskyyoucan'tcryD.NoGravitynotears
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