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(安徽省芜湖一中2008年高三5月最后一模E.篇) China is going green. In order to reduce air pollution and oil-shorta...
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高中英语《2012 7年高考5年模拟试题汇编：阅读理解之科普知识类》真题及答案
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Globalwarmingistheprocessofearth’satmosphereheatingup.Overthelast100yearstheaveragetemperatureofearth’satmospherehasgoneup1Fahrenheit.Theweatherhasnotchangedexactlythesamewayineveryareaoftheplanet.Butscientiststhinkthattheriseinaveragetemperatureisalreadyaffectingtheearth’sclimatE.Manyscientistsnowbelievethatglobalwarmingiscausedbycuttingdowntreesproducingmoretrashandpollutingtheenvironmentwhicharesomeofthereasonswhythetemperaturehasgoneup.ManyscientistsbelievethatthebiggestcausesofglobalwarmingarenewhumantechnologiesthatreleasegreenhousegasesintotheatmospherE.Thegreenhouseeffectisnotnew.CertaingasesintheatmospherelikecarbondioxidenitrousoxideandmethanemakingithardforheatenergytogointospacE.Inthepasttheclimatedidn’tchangemuchbecausenatureproducedjusttherightamountofgreenhousegasestodealwithit.Todaymostscientistsareprettysurethattherisingtemperaturecan’tbeblamedonnaturE.Eversincetheindustrialrevolutioninthe1700shumanshavereliedonmachinesfordailylifE.Andmanyofthosemachinesgiveoffalotofgreenhousegases.AnincreaseinthereleaseofgreenhousegasesfromhumanactivitiesisthrowingnatureoffbalancE.Theclimateisaverycomplicatedthingbutmanyscientistsagreethattherisingatmospherictemperaturehasalreadydamagedtheenvironment.SheetsoficecalledglaciersaremeltinginAntarcticaandotherpartsoftheglobE.AsglaciersbreakoffandmeltintotheoceanstheyareaddingwarmwatertotheoceansandcausingthesealeveltorisE.Overthepast100yearsthesealevelhasrisen6-8inchesaroundtheworlD.Thatmeanslandalongthecoastsisbeginningtodisappearunderwater.BiggerandwarmeroceansarealsoaddingtootherweatherproblemscausedbypollutionintheatmospherE.Someplaceshavereceivedmorerainothershavehadbiggerstormsandafewareasintheworldhaveexperiencedunusualdroughts.60.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinthispassage?A.Themeltingofglaciers.B.Globalwarming.C.Theworld’sweather.D.Theearth’stemperaturE.61.Whatcausesglobalwarmingaccordingtoscientists?A.Humanactivities.B.Thenatureitself.C.Theearth’satmospherE.D.Newdiscoveries62.Fromthepassagewecanseethatglobalwarmingwillbringabout_____.A.thepollutionintheatmosphereB.naturaldisastersC.populationpollutionD.theriseofglaciers
Althoughmenandwomenhavebeengrowingcropsforthousandsofyearstheyhavenotalwayshadenoughtoeat.Eventodaymanypeopleintheworldgohungryandevendieofhunger.Ifwearetogrowenoughforeverybodywehavetogrowmorecropsandbettercrops.Plantsneedtherightfoodinordertogrow.Inparticulartheyneedthreechemicalsubstances物质inthesoil:nitrogen氮phosphorus磷andpotassium钾.Theyalsoneedsmalleramountsofotherchemicalsubstanceslikecalcium.Ifthereistoolittleofanyofthesesubstancesinthesoilplantscan’tgrowwell.Whenaplantgrowsittakesupthesebasicsubstancesfromthesoilandbuildsthemintoitself.Ifweremovetheplantfromthesoilanduseitforfoodwearetakingsomeofthesesubstancesawayandthismeansthatfutureplantswillfindlessoftheminthesoil.Intimethesoilwouldbecometoopoorforplantstogrowinitatall.Topreventthiswemustputbasicsubstancesback.Onewayofdoingthisisputtingmanure肥料onthesoil.Thiscontainstheremainsofplantsthathavebeeneatenandifweaddittothesoilwearereturningsomeofthebasicsubstances.InEuropeandinJapanmanurefromanimalshasforlongbeenusedinthisway.UnfortunatelymuchoftheanimalwasteinIndiaisusedasfuelbecausethereisnotenoughwoodtoburn.Thismeansthereislessmanureforthecrops.Evenwhenweusemanurewecannotputbackintothesoilmoreofthebasicsubstancesthanhavebeentakenout.Oftenthesoildoesnothaveenoughoftheminthefirstplaceandsowemustprovideextrasupplies.Wecanusechemicalfertilizers化肥.ExperimentsinIndiahaveshownthatifweuseafertilizercontainingamixtureofnitrogenandphosphoruswegethalfasmuchriceagainfromthecropsonanyonepieceoflanD.46.Accordingtothepassagehowmanymethodsareintroducedtoimprovethesoil?A.OnE.B.Two.C.ThreE.D.Four.47.TheunderlinedwordthisinParagraph4referstothefactthat____________.A.thesoilwouldbecometoopoorforplantstogrowinitatallB.wearetakingsomesubstancesawayfromthesoilC.theplanttakesuptheseessentialsubstancesfromthesoilD.eventodaymanypeopleintheworldgohungry49.Tomakesurethatthesoilhasenoughbasicsubstancespeoplecan_____________.A.removeplantsfromthesoilB.providethesoilwithextrasuppliesC.plantasmanyplantsaspossibleD.stopplantinginthesoil50.Thepassageismainlyabout_____________.A.whymorefoodisneededB.howtogrowbettercropsC.thefactthatpeoplehavenotalwaysenoughtoeatD.theessentialsubstancesthatplantsneed
TheworldisnotcomingtoanendonDecember212012theUSspaceagencyinsistedMondayinararecampaigntoremovewidespreadrumorsfueledbytheInternetandanewHollywoodmoviE.ThelatestbigscreenofferingfromSonyPicture2012arrivesintheatersonFridaywitha200milliondollarproductionabouttheendoftheworldsupposedlybasedonmyths虚构的故事backedbytheMayancalendar.ItisclaimedthattheendoftimewillcomeasaPlanetX—orNibiru—headstowardorcollideswiththeEarth.SomewebsitesaccuseNASAofhidingthetruthontheplanet’sexistencebuttheUSspaceagencydenounced公然抨击suchstoriesasanInternethoax恶作剧.ThereisnofactualbasisfortheseclaimsNASAsaidinaquestionandanswerpostingonitswebsitE.IfsuchacollisionwererealastronomerswouldhavebeentrackingitforatleastthepastdecadeanditwouldbevisiblebynowtothenakedeyE.Obviouslyitdoesnotexist.Crediblescientistsworldwideknowofnothreatassociatedwith2012itinsisteD.AfterallourplanethasbeengettingalongjustwellformorethanfourbillionyearsaddedNASA.ThereisanotherplanetErisfloatinginspacE.ButthesmallplanetsimilartoPluto冥王星willremainsafelyfixedintheoutersolarsystemanditcancomenocloserthanfourbillionmilestotheEarthaccordingtoNASA.InitialtheoriessetthedisasterforMay2003butwhennothinghappenedthedatewasmovedforwardtothewinterin2012tocoincide同时发生withtheendofacycleoftheancientMayancalendar.NASAinsistedtheMayancalendarinfactdoesnotendonDecember212012asanotherperiodbeginsimmediatelyafterwarD.Andeveniftheplanetsweretolineupassomehaveforecasttheeffectonourplanetwouldbenegligible微不足道的NASAsaiD.Andwhilecometsandasteroids小行星havealwayshittheEarthbighitsareveryrareNASAnoteD.Thelastmajorimpactwasbelievedtobe65millionyearsagoresultingintheendofdinosaurs.WehavealreadydeterminedthattherearenothreateningasteroidsaslargeastheonethatkilledthedinosaursthespaceagencysaiD.56.________playedakeyroleinthespreadoftherumors.A.A.newbookB.TheInternetandanewHollywoodmovieC.NASAD.AnIndiancalendar57.Thefilm2012is________.A.abouttheendoftheworldB.basedonthescientificpredictionC.wellacceptedinthesciencefieldD.aboutaromanticlovestory58.Wecaninferthat________.A.peopledidn’ttaketherumorseriouslyB.PlanetX—orNibirudoesexistC.astronomershavebeentrackingPlanetXforovertenyearsD.therumorcausedapanicamongsomepeople59.NASAthinksthatEris________.A.mightcauseathreattotheEarthB.doesn’tcauseanythreattotheEarthC.istoofarawaytobevisibleD.issimilartoourplanetwherelifemightexist60.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A.NewHollywoodmovie2012B.December212012NOTtheendoftheworldC.EndoftheancientMayancalendarD.Howrumorscameintobeing
ExceptfortheSuntheMoonappearstobethebiggestobjectinthesky.Actuallyitisoneofthesmallestandonlylooksbigbecauseitissoneartous.Itsdiameter直径isonly2160milesoralittlemorethanaquarterofthediameteroftheEarth.Onceamonthormoreexactlyonceevery29.5daysatthetimewecallfullmoonitswholesurfacelooksbright.AtothertimesonlypartofitappearsbrightandwealwaysfindthatthisisthepartwhichfacestowardstheSunwhilethepartfacingawayfromtheSunappearsdark.Peoplecouldmaketheirphotographsbetteriftheykeptthisinmind-onlythosepartsoftheMoonwhicharelitupbytheSunarebrighter.ThisshowsthattheMoongivesnolightofitsown.ItonlythrowsbackthelightoftheSunlikeahugemirrorhunginthesky.YetthedarkpartoftheMoon'ssurfaceisnotcompletelyblack;usuallyitisjustlightenoughforustobeabletoseeitsshapesothatwespeakofseeingtheoldMooninthenewMoon'sarms.ThelightbywhichweseetheoldMoondoesnotcomefromtheSunbutfromtheEarth.WeknowwellhowthesurfaceoftheseaorofsnoworevenofawetroadmaythrowbackuncomfortablymuchoftheSun'slightontoourfaces.InthesamewaythesurfaceofthewholeEarththrowsbackenoughoftheSun'slightontothefaceoftheMoonforustobeabletoseethepartsofitwhichwouldotherwisebedark.6.HowoftendoweseetheMoonasitsbrightest?A.Onceeveryweek.B.Onceeveryyear.C.Onceevery29.5days.D.Onceevery27days.7.WhatismeantbyseeingtheoldMooninthenewMoon'sarms?A.WecanseethedarkpartsoftheMoonthoughnotclearly.B.ThenewMoonisatitsbrightest.C.ThedarkpartsoftheMoonarebrightenoughforustoseE.D.PartoftheMoon'ssurfaceislitbytheSun.8.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.TheMoongivesnolightofitsown.B.TheMoon'sdiameterisexactlyonefourthofthatoftheEarth.C.ThelightbywhichweseetheoldMooncomesfromtheSun.D.ThepartoftheMoonwhichisnotlitbytheSuniscompletelyblack.
Runninglikethewindroaring咆哮likethundertigershavelongbeenfearedandrespectedasakingoftheanimalworld.Butlastweekareportsaidthattherearenomorethan30wildtigersleftinsouthChina.ThiswastheconclusionofateamofscientistsfromChina'sStateForestryAdministrationandtheWorldNatureFund.TheSouthChinatigeralsoknownastheChinesetigerisnativetosouthernChina.Inthe1950'stherewereover4000tigersfoundinmountainforestsinthecountry.Butduetothedestructionoftheirnaturalhabitat栖息地anduncontrolledhuntingithasbeenpushedontothelistoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies.Sixty-sixofthebigcatscanbefoundinthecagesofadozenzoosaroundChina.Buttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousins.Theyhavelosttheirnaturalskillssuchashuntingandkilling.Iftheyweresetfreetheycouldnotlookafterthemselves.BreedinghasdamagedthequalityofthespeciessaidPeiEnledeputydirectoroftheShanghaiZoo.ToreintroducethespeciesintothewildthecountrystartedaprogrammetosendfivetotenyoungtigerstoSouthAfrica.Fourofthemhavealreadyarrived.Progresshasbeenmadeastwoeldertigershaverecoveredsomeoftheirinstincts本能andcanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbase.SouthAfricansareveryexperiencedinreintroducingbiganimalstothewild.ThecountryhasverygoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearninsaidLuJunofficedirectoroftheNationalWildlifeResearchandDevelopmentCenter.WetriedinFujianProvincebutitwasnotsuccessfulastherewasnotacompleteeco-chain生物链andtherewasalackofspace.ThetigersshouldreturntoChinain2007whenthereservationsinFujianareready.66.WhatisthemainreasonfortheSouthChinatigerbecomingoneoftheworld'stoptenmostendangeredspecies?A.Becauseithaslostitsnaturalinstincts.B.Becausethereisnotacompleteeco-chain.C.Becausethereisnospaceforit.D.Becauseuncontrolledhuntinghasdestroyeditsnaturallivingconditions.67.HowistheprogrammeofsendingseveraltigerstoSouthAfricagettingon?A.Itseffectstillremainstobeseen.B.Twotigerscanalreadycompetewiththeirwildcousins.C.Someofthetigersarealreadyontheroadtorecoveringtheirnaturalskills.D.Thetigersshouldbeabletorecovertheirinstinctscompletelyby2007.68.Bysayingbuttheyarenothingliketheirwildcousinsthewritermeansthat______.A.theyarenolongerfearedbyotherwildanimalsB.theydon'tknowhowtohuntorkillC.acompletechangehasresultedinthespeciesbecauseofbreedingD.toreintroducethemintothewildhasbecomeanurgenttask69.WhatisthepurposeofsendingyoungtigerstoSouthAfrica?A.Tohelpthetigersrecovertheirabilitytoliveinthewild.B.Toprovidethemwithabetterenvironment.C.Togetthetigerstogoonatour.D.Tofindacompleteeco-chainforthem.70.WhichoneisnotthereasonforSouthAfricabeingchosenasthetrainingplace?A.BecausethetigerscanhuntwildanimalsbythemselvesattheAfricanbase.B.BecauseSouthAfricansareskilledatdealingwiththetigers.C.Becausethereisacompleteeco-chainandenoughspacethere.D.Becausethecountryhasgoodnaturalconditionsforthetigerstolearnin.
ReadingcomprehensionDesertsarefoundwherethereislittlerainfallorwhererainforawholeyearfallsinonlyafewweeks'timE.Teninchesofrainmaybeenoughformanyplantstosurvive存活iftherainisspreadthroughouttheyearIfitfallswithinoneortwomonthsandtherestoftheyearisdrythoseplantsmaydieandadesertmayform.Sandbeginsastinypiecesofrockthatgetsmallerandsmalleraswindandweatherwearthemdown.Sanddunes沙丘areformedaswindsmovethesandacrossthedesert.BitbybitthedunesgrowovertheyearsalwaysmovingwiththewindsandchangingtheshapE.Mostofthemareonlyafewfeettallbuttheycangrowtobeseveralhundredfeethigh.Thereishowevermuchmoretoadesertthansand.InthedesertsofthesouthwesternUnitedStatescliffs悬崖anddeepvalleyswereformedfromthickmudthatoncelaybeneathaseamorethanmillionsofyearsago.Overthecenturiesthewaterdriedup.Windsandrainheatandcoldallworeawayattheremainingrocks.Thefacesofthedesertmountainsarealwayschanging–-veryveryslowly---astheseforcesofnaturecontinuetoworkontherock.MostdesertshaveasurprisingvarietyoflifE.Thereareplantsanimalsandinsectsthat:haveadaptedtolifeinthedesert.Duringtheheatoftheday'avisitormayseeveryfewsignsoflivingthingsbutastheairbeginstocoolintheeveningthedesertcomestolifE.Asthesunbeginstoriseagainintheskythedesertonceagainbecomesquietandlonely.60.Manyplantsmaysurviveindesertswhen__________________.A.therainisspreadoutinayearB.therainfallsonlyinafewweeksC.thereislittleraininayearD.itisdryalltheyearround61.Sanddunesareformedwhen___________________.A.sandpilesupgraduallyB.thereisplentyofraininayearC.theseahasdriedupovertheyearsD.piecesofrockgetsmaller62Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphprobablymeansthatinadesertthereis____________.A.toomuchsandB.moresandthanbeforeC.nothingexceptsandD.somethingelsebesidessand63Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatinadesert____________.A.thereisnorainfallthroughouttheyearB.lifeexistsinroughconditionsC.allsanddunesareafewfeethighD.rocksarewornawayonlybywindandheat
Sometimesinthenextcenturythefamiliarearlynewspaperonthefrontporchwilldisappear.Andinsteadofreadingyournewspaperitwillreadtoyou.You’llgetupandturnonthecomputernewspaperjustlikeswitchingontheTV.Anelectronicvoicewilldistributestoriesaboutthelatesteventsguidedbyaprogramthatselectsthetypeofnewsyouwant.You’llevengettochoosethekindofvoiceyouwanttohear.Wantmoreinformationonthebriefstory?A.simpletouchmakestheentiretextappear.SaveitinyourownpersonalcomputerifyoulikE.TheseareamongthepredictionsfromcommunicationexpertsworkingonthenewspaperofthefuturE.Picturedaspartofbroaderhome-basedmediaandentertainmentsystemscomputernewspaperswoulduniteprintandbroadcastreportingofferingnewsandanalysiswithvideoimagesofnewsevents.Mostofthetechnologyisavailablenowbutconvincingmorepeoplethattheydon’tneedpapertoreadanewspaperisthenextstep.Butresistancetocomputernewspapersmaybestrongerfromwithinjournalism.Sinceitissuchaculturalchangeitmaybethatthepresentgenerationofjournalistsandpublisherswillhavetodieoffbeforethenextgenerationrealizesthatthenewspaperindustryisnolongeranewspaperindustry.TechnologyismakingtheendoftraditionalnewspapersunavoidablE.Despitetechnologicaladvancesitcouldtakedecadestoreplacenews-printwithcomputerscreens.Itmighttake30to40yearstocompletethechangeoverbecausepeopleneedtobuycomputersandbecausenewspapershaveestablishedfinancialinterestsinthepaperindustry.61.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.A.ComputerNewspapersAreWellLikedB.NewspapersoftheFutureWillLikelyBeonComputersC.PaperNewspapersAreoutofFashionD.CommunicationsTechnologyintheFuture62.Itmighttake30or40yearsforcomputernewspaperstoreplacetraditionalnewspapersbecause.A.itistechnologicallyimpossiblenowB.computernewspapersaretooexpensiveC.boththegeneralpeopleandprofessionaljournalistsareagainstthemD.traditionalnewspapersareeasytoread63.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanadvantageofcomputernewspapers?A.Theyarecheaperthannewspapers.B.TheyareconvenienttousE.C.Youcangetmoreinformationfromthemquickly.D.YoucaneasilysaveinformationforfutureusE.64.Thereasonwhyjournalistsarenoteagertoacceptcomputernewspapersisthat.A.theydon’tknowhowtousecomputersB.theythinkcomputernewspaperstaketoomuchtimetoreadC.theyareafraidthattheymightbeunfitfortheirjobsD.theyhavebeentrainedtoworkfortraditionalnewspapers65.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.alltechnologicalchangesaregoodB.alltechnologieswilleventuallyreplaceoldonesC.newtechnologieswillreplaceoldonessoonerorlaterD.traditionalnewspaperswillstayforanothercentury
InmanycountriestodaylawsprotectwildlifE.InIndiatheneedforsuchprotectionwasrealizedcenturiesago.About300BCanIndianwriterdescribedforeststhatweresomewhatlikenationalparkstoday.Thekillingofbeastswascarefullysupervised监视.SomeanimalswerefullyprotecteD.Withintheforestnobodywasallowedtocuttimberwoodforbuildingburnwoodforcharcoal木炭orcatchanimalsfortheirfurs.Animalsthatbecamedangeroustohumanvisitorswerecaughtorkilledoutsidetheparksothatotheranimalswouldnotbecomeuneasy.TheneedforwildlifeprotectionisgreaternowthaneverbeforE.AboutathousandspeciesofanimalsareindangerofextinctionandtherateatwhichtheyarebeingdestroyedhasincreaseD.Withmammals哺乳动物forinstancetherateofextinctionwasaboutonespecies种类everyfiftyyearsfromAD1to1800butnowitisaboutonespecieseveryyear.Everywherepeoplearetryingtosolvetheproblemofprotectingwildlifecaringfortherapidgrowthoftheworld'spopulation.4.Theexampleofman'sconnectionwithwildlifeprotectioncandatebackto________.A.thethirdcenturyB.morethan2000yearsagoC.AD1to1800D.over300yearsago5.Theunderlinedwordextinctionprobablymeans________.A.beinghungryB.beingkilledC.growingslowlyD.dyingout
Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningsodifficultthatit'spainful?ThismightbecalledlazinessbutDrKleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle循环;周期.Duringthehourswhenyoulaboratworkyoumaysaythatyou'rehot.That'struE.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisissobutitleadstosuchfamiliarmonologuesas:GetupJohn!You'llbelateforworkagain!ThepossibleexplanationforthetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrelingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmeanandwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycyclebutyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.HabitcanhelpDrKleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteract对抗yourcyclebyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyinthedayrisebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcyclebutyou'llgetupearlierandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartthissavesyourenergy.Getupwithacomfortableyawn哈欠andstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.AvoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbeforE.Wheneverpossibledoworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.4.Whichofthefollowingmayleadtofamilyquarrelsaccordingtothepassage?A.Notknowingtheenergycycles.B.Familiarmonologues.C.Familymembershavethesameenergycycles.D.Oneofthefamilymemberscancontroltheenergycycleofotherfamilymembers.5.Youareadvisedtorisewithayawnandstretchbecauseitwill________.A.helptokeepyourenergyfortheday'sworkB.helpyoutokeepcalmearlyinthedayC.enableyoutoworkwellD.keepyourenergycycleundercontrolallday
Everyyearmorepeoplerecognizethatitiswrongtokillwildlifeforsport.Progressinthisdirectionisslowbecauseshootingisnotasportforwatchingandonlythosefewwhotakepartrealizethecrueltyanddestruction.Thenumberofgunnershowevergrowsrapidly.Childrentooyoungtodevelopproperjudgmentsthroughindependentthoughtareledalongwayawaybytheirgunningparents.Theyaresubjectedtoadvertisementsofgunproducerswhodescribeshootingasgoodfortheirhealthandguncarryingasawayofputtingredderbloodintheveins血管.Theyarepersuadedbygunnermagazineswithstorieshonoringthechaseandthekill.Inschooltheyviewmotionpictureswhicharesupposedlymeanttoteachthemhowtodealwitharmssafelybutwhichareactuallydesignedtostimulate刺激adesiretoownagun.Wildlifeisdisappearingbecauseofshootingandbecauseofthelossofwildlandhabitat栖息地.Habitatlosswillcontinuewithourincreasingpopulationbutcanweslowthelossofwildlifecausedbyshooting?Theredoesn'tseemtobeanychanceiftheseriousconditionofourbirdsisnotimproveD.WildlifebelongstoeveryoneandnottothegunnersalonE.Althoughmostpeopledonotshoottheyseemtoforgiveshootingforsportbecausetheyknowlittleornothingaboutit.TheonlyanswerthenistobringthetruthaboutsportshootingtothegreatmajorityofpeoplE.Nowitistimetorealizethatanimalshavethesamerighttolifeaswedoandthatthereisnothingfairorrightaboutapersonwithagunshootingtheharmlessandbeautifulcreatures.Thegunnersliketodescribewhattheydoascharacter-buildingbutweknowthattowoundananimalandwatchitgothroughtheagonyofdyingcanmakenobodyhappy.Ifastheywouldhaveyoubelievegun-carryingandkillingimprovehuman-characterthenperhapsweshouldencouragewar.72.Accordingtothetextmostpeopledonotseemtobeagainsthunting-because___________.A.theyhavelittleknowledgeofitB.ithelpstobuildhumancharacterC.itistoocostlytostopkillingwildlifeD.theywanttokeepwildlifeundercontrol73.Theunderlinedwordagonyinthelastparagraphprobablymeans______________.A.formB.ConditionC.painD.sadness74.Accordingtothetextthefilmschildrenwatchatschoolactually__________.A.teachthemhowtodealwithgunssafelyB.praisehuntingascharacter-buildingC.describehuntingasanexerciseD.encouragethemtohavegunsoftheirown75.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheauthorseemsto_____________.A.blamethemajorityofpeopleB.worryabouttheexistenceofwildlifeC.beinfavourofwarD.beinsupportofcharacter-building
Thebiggestchangeintheworldtodayistechnology.Thereasonwhytheworldisgettingsmalleristhatpeoplecannowtalktoeachothermorequicklythanbeforewithmoreinformation.Thecomputernowhastheinformationofalibraryofbooksonallsubjects.Withtheknowledgeavailable可用的toeverypersonoftheworldtheworldseemstobesmaller.Bysittingatacomputerdifferentsoftwareprogramsgivestudentsthechancetolearnaboutallsubjectssimplybyaskingthecomputertofindtheinformation.Nowstudentscanproducewrittenpapersatahighlevelofskillbecausethecomputerbringsinformationimmediatelytothestudent.Thecomputerbecomesthelibrary.Studentsandparentsarenowlearningwhatanimportanttoolthecomputerhasbecomeforimprovingeducation.ThetelephonecannowbeusedincarsorcarriedinapurseorpocketsothatpeoplecantalktoeachotheratanytimE.Oftenabeeper寻呼机willbecarriedatalltimesbyanadult.Whenitbeginstobeeptheadultcanseewhichnumberiscalling.Itmightbeafamilymemberorabusiness.Bygoingtothecarhecancallbackimmediately.ThecarbecomestheofficeforbusinesssimplybecauseofthecarphonE.LetterswithinacountrymighthavetakenafewdaystobedelivereD.Betweencountriesitmighttakeafewweeks.Technologyhasdevelopedafaxmachinewherealettercantravelanywhereintheworldimmediately.Thishaschangedthewaypeopledobusiness.Alsofamilymemberscanusethefaxforpersonalmessages.Manycomputerscanreceiveane-mail.Thisislikethefaxletter.Oftenbusinesseshaveafaxmachinebuthomesdonot.Ifacomputerisinahomeitcanreceivee-mailmessagesfromanyoneintheworlD.Itislikethetelephonebutitcostsmuchlesstoreceivemessages.Thenextgenerationwillhavecomputersinmosthomesandbeabletosendfaxesande-mailsthroughouttheworlD.Todayinformationislimitedbecausenoteveryonehasacomputer.Howeverinthefuturethecomputerwillbeascommonasthetelephoneortelevision.Technologyischangingthewaypeoplecommunicatewitheachother.1.Theideathattheworldisgettingsmalleristhat_______.A.theworldisreallysmallerthanbeforeforsomereasonB.trainsandbusestravelfasterthanbeforeC.peoplecancommunicatewitheachothermorequicklythanbeforeD.therearemoreandmorerocketsandsatellitesinspace2.Whatthewritertalksmostaboutinthearticleis_______.A.thecomputerB.thee-mailC.thefaxD.thetelephone3.Fewerandfewerpeopleusethebeeperbecause_______.A.itisdifficulttouseB.itshowsonlythenumberofsomeone'stelephoneC.thebeeperownercananswerthetelephoneonlybygoingtoacarD.attimespublictelephonesareeasilyfound4.Accordingtothewriterusingthefaxis_______thantelephoning.A.moreusefulB.lessexpensiveC.lessimportantD.morenecessary
MostanimalshavelittleconnectionwithanimalsofadifferentkindunlesstheyhuntthemforfooD.Sometimeshowevertwokindsofanimalscometogetherinapartnershipwhichdoesgoodtobothofthem.Youmayhavenoticedsomebirdssittingonthebacksofsheep.Thisisnotbecausetheywantaridebutbecausetheyfindeasyfoodintheparasites寄生虫onsheep.Thesheepallowthebirdstodosobecausetheyremovethecauseofdiscomfort.Soalthoughtheycanmanagewithouteachothertheydobettertogether.Sometimesananimalhasaplantpartner.Therelationshipdevelopsuntilthetwopartnerscannotmanagewithouteachother.ThisissointhecoralsoftheseA.Intheirskinstheyhavetinyplantswhichactasdustmentakingsomeofthewasteproductsfromthecoralandgivinginreturnoxygen氧气whichtheanimalneedstobreathE.IftheplantsarekilledorareevenpreventedfromlightsothattheycannotlivenormallythecoralswilldiE.13.Somebirdsliketositinasheepbecause________.A.theycaneatitsparasitesB.theydependonthesheepforlivingC.theyenjoytravellingwiththesheepD.theyfindthepositionmostcomfortable14.Thewordtheyinthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto_______.A.birdsandparasitesB.birdsandsheepC.sheepandparasitesD.sheepbirdsandparasites15.Fromthepassageweknowthatthecoralisakindof________.A.plantthatneedsoxygenB.plantthatcanproduceoxygenC.animalthatneedsoxygenD.animalthatcanproduceoxygen16.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?A.Someanimalsandplantsdependoneachotherforliving.B.Someanimalsandplantsdeveloptheirrelationshipeasily.C.SomeplantsdependoneachotherforfooD.D.Someanimalslivebettertoghther.
ApowerfulearthquakestruckthenortheasterncoastofJapanattwoforty-sixp.m.localtimeonMarcheleventh.2011.Japan'sMeteorologicalAgencyreleaseditsfirsttsunami海啸warningsjustthreeminuteslater.ThecountryhasoneofthebestearthquakeearlywarningsystemsintheworlD.TherearemorethanfourthousandSeismicIntensityMetersinplacethroughoutJapantomeasureearthquakeactivity.Thesemetersprovideinformationwithintwominutesofanearthquakehappening.Informationaboutthestrengthandthecenteroftheearthquakecanbelearnedwithinthreeminutes.Therearealsoconcrete混凝土seawallsaroundmuchoftheJapanesecoastlinE.Butthesemeasuresprovednomatchforthepowerfulearthquakeandtsunami.CostasSynolakisatsunamiexpertattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniainLosAngelessaidJapanisoneofthosemostwell-preparedcountriesonearthintermsoftsunamiwarning.Theyhadawarning.Ithinkwhatwentwrongisthattheyhadnotexpectedthesizeofthisevent.Hesaystherearetworeasonsforthis.Japanhasnothadanyeventanywherenearasbigasthisoneinthelastonehundredfiftyyears.AndscientistshadnotexpectedsuchalargeearthquakehappeningoffthecoastofJapan.TheninepointzeromagnitudeearthquakewasthefourthmostpowerfulearthquakeeverrecordedworldwidE.ItwasalsotheworstearthquakeevertohitJapan.Thetsunamiwavesthatfollowedwerereportedtohavereachedashighasthirteenmetersinsomeareas.CostasSynolakissaysJapan'sconcreteseawallswerenotbuilttohandlesuchhighwaves.Expertssayearlywarningsystemswillcontinuetobelimitedbythesefactsuntilearthquakesandtsunamiscanbepredicted21.Wherecanthispassageprobablybeadaptedfrom?A.AmagazineonscienceB.AfairyTaleC.AscientificfantasybookD.Anewspaper22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsNOTtrue?A.A.terribleearthquakehitthenortheasterncoastofJapanB.ItwasalsotheworstearthquakeinJapanC.The9.0earthquakewasthefourthmostpowerfulearthquakeeverrecordedinJapanD.Japan'sconcreteseawallswasunabletohandlesuchhighwaves.23.AccordingtoCostasSynolakiswhydidJapansuffersuchaloss?A.Thecountryhasneverexperiencedanyeventasbigasthisoneoverthepast150yearsB.JapanhasthebestearthquakeearlywarningsystemsintheworlD.C.TherearenotconcreteseawallsaroundalloftheJapanesecoastlineD.Thegovernmentdidn’tannounceitsfirsttsunamiwarningsthreeminutesearlier.
Oureverydaylivesareessentiallykillingtheenvironment.Therearecertainlyimportantchangesthatneedtobemadeateverylevel--statewidenationwideandevenworldwide--thatcanhelppreservetheEarth.Thatdoesn'tmeanthoughthatthere'snothingthatcanbedoneonanindividuallevel.Wespoketoeightofthecountry'sleadingenvironmentalistsandaskedthemthisquestion:Theirindividualanswervariedbutthepointtheytrulywantedtostressdidnot:OnepersoncanmakeadifferencE.Theothercommonideawasthattheyhadadifficulttimelimitingittoonlyonetip.MattPetersonpresidentofGlobalGreenUSArecommendedthatinthelongrunwerebuildourbuildingssothattheyaregreen.Dr.BrentBlackwelderpresidentofFriendsoftheEarthemphasizestheimportanceofthestateandfederaltaxcodeontheenergychoiceswemakeandfeelsthatthisisawidelyoverlooked被忽视的issuE.Oneexamplecitedisthegas-guzzler耗油量极大的汽车taxasitisoftenreferredto.Thistaxloophole漏洞hasencouragedautomakerstofocustheirproductionandadvertisingeffortsontheproductsthatendupbeingthebiggestgas-guzzlersandpolluters.EquallythecarbonfootprintmeasuredincarbondioxideunitscalculatestheimpacthumanbeingshaveontheenvironmentintermsoftheamountofgreenhousesgasesproduceD.Bothourdirectemissions排放ofcarbondioxideliketheburningoffossilfuelsandtheindirectemissionsofcarbondioxideasaresultofthemanufactureandbreakdownofeverydayproductsarecalculatedintothecarbonfootprintmeasurement.Commonplaceactivitieslikeeatingredmeatanddrinkingbottledwaterareslowlybutsurelycontributingtothedevastationofourenvironment.Sotakeourexperts'tipsintoconsideration.ThisEarthDaygiveMotherNaturethedayoff.Takepublictransportationturnoutyourlightsandtrynottoprinteveryoneofyoure-mails.It'sthelittlethingsthatreallycanmakeadifferencE.68.Accordingtothepassageeightenvironmentalists.A.didn’tagreewitheachotheratall.B.hadtosamesuggestionC.agreedeachpersoncouldlayapartinenvironmentprotectionD.camefromdifferentcountries69.Dr.BrentBlackwelderheldtheviewthat.A.weshouldbuildmoregreenbuildingsB.driversusinggas-guzzlersshouldpayhighertaxC.federalgovernmenthaspaidmuchattentiontotheproblemcausedbygas-guzzlersD.gas-guzzlersproducedlesspollutionthanexpected70.Whichofthefollowingbelongstothedirectemissionsofcarbondioxide?A.Fossilfuel.B.Everydayproducts.C.Drinkingbottledwater.D.Eatingredmeat.71.Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?A.Carbonfootprint.B.Gas-guzzlertax.C.CelebrationoftheEarthDay.D.Savingourearth.
Wehaveseenthatpesticides杀虫剂nowpollutesoilwaterandfoodandthattheyhavethepowertomakeourriversfishlessandourgardensandwoodlandssilentandbirdless.ManhowevermuchhemayliketopretendtheoppositeispartofnaturE.Canheescapeapollutionthatisnowsothoroughlyspreadthroughoutourworld?Weknowthatevensingleexposure暴露tothesechemicalsiftheamountislargeenoughcancauseextremelyseverepoisoning.Butthisisnotthemajorproblem.Thesuddenillnessordeathoffarmersfarmworkersandothersexposedtoenoughquantitiesofpesticidesisverysadandshouldnothappen.ForthepopulationasawholewemustpaymoreattentiontothedelayedeffectsoftakinginsmallamountsofthepesticidesthatunseeablypolluteourworlD.Responsible负责的publichealthofficialshavepointedoutthatthebiologicaleffectsofchemicalsareincreasinginamountoverlongperiodsoftimeandthatthedangertomanmaydependontheamountoftheexposuresreceivedthroughouthislifetimE.Fortheseveryreasonspeopleeasilytakenonoticeofthedanger.Itishumannaturetoshakeoffwhatmayseemtousafuturedisaster灾害.MenarenaturallymostimpressedbydiseaseswhichhaveobvioussignssaysawisephysicianDr.ReneDubosyetsomeoftheirworstenemiesslowlycomenearthemunnoticeD.1.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedsentence?A.Mandoesn'tcareaboutwhathappensinnaturE.B.ManactsasifhedoesnotbelongtonaturE.C.Mancanavoidtheeffectsofenvironmentalpollution.D.Mancanescapehisresponsibilitiesforenvironmentalprotection.2.Peoplearelikelytotakenonoticeofthedelayedeffectsofexposuretochemicalsbecause________.A.limitedexposuretothemdoeslittleharmtopeople'shealthB.thepresentismoreimportanttothemthanthefutureC.thedangerdoesnotbecomeseenclearlyandimmediatelyD.humansareabletobearsmallamountsofpoisoning3.ItcanbeconcludedfromwhatDr.Dubossaysthat________.A.peoplefindhiddendiseasesdifficulttodealwithB.attacksbyhiddenenemiesarelikelytobedeadlyC.diseaseswithobvioussignsareeasytocureD.peoplearelikelytotakenonoticeofhiddendangerscausedbypesticides
All1_______thingsmustfighttostayalivE.Theyhavetofeedonsomethingandatthesametimeavoidbeing2_______.Thereforetheyhavetosolvethisbigproblemofstayingaliveintheirownway.Thedangerofbeingeatenintheseaisgreat.Thoseplantsandanimalsthatdosurviveusually3_______veryfastandingreatnumbers.4_______seaanimalshavedefensivedeviceswhichhelpthemtosurvivE.Thejellyfishhave5_______tentacles触角whichareusedforattackanddefensE.Anothermethodof6_______whichseaplantsandanimalsuseisdisguisE.Theyusuallyhavethesame7_______astheirsurroundings.Inordertostayaliveanimalsneedtohavegoodsenses.Fisheshavesharpeyes.Almostallanimalsaresensitiveto8_______.Fishesjudgemovementsinthewaterby9_______oftheirlines.Fishesandotherseaanimalscanhearwellandmanyofthemcan10_______differenttypesofwarningsounD.1.A.livingB.aliveC.livelyD.live2.A.takenB.gottenC.havenD.eaten3.A.produceB.reproduceC.runD.swim4.A.AnyB.EveryC.CertainD.Each5.A.beautifulB.shortC.poisonousD.long6.A.swimmingB.survivalC.flightD.growth7.A.colorB.bodyC.widthD.length8.A.runawayB.fleeC.touchD.move9.A.wayB.meansC.methodD.approach10.A.makeB.doC.buildD.produce
Accordingtothedictionarydefinitionofcreateordinarypeoplearecreativeeveryday.Tocreatemeanstobringintobeingtocausetoexistsomethingeachofusdoesdaily.Wearecreativewheneverwelookatorthinkaboutsomethinginanewway.Firstthisincludesanawarenessofoursurroundings.Itmeansusingallofoursensestobecomeawareofourworld.Thismaybeassimpleasbeingawareofcolorandtexture质地aswellastastewhenweplanameal.Aboveallitistheabilitytonoticethingsthatothersmightmiss.Asecondpartofcreativityisanabilitytoseerelationshipsamongthings.IfwebelievetheexpressionThereisnothingnewunderthesunthecreativityisremakingorrecombining重组theoldinnewways.Forexamplewemightdothisbyfindingamoreeffectivewaytostudyorabetterwaytoarrangeourfurnitureorwemightmakeanewcombinationofcameralensesandfilterstocreateanunusualphotograph.Athirdpartofcreativityisthecourageanddrivetomakeuseofournewideastoaskforthemtoachievesomenewresults.Tothinkupanewideaisonething;toputtheideatoworkisanother.Thesethreepartsofcreativityareincludedinallthegreatworksofgeniusesbuttheyarealsoincludedinmanyofourday-to-dayactivities.56.Thereisnothingnewunderthesunreallyimpliesthat_________.A.anewthingcanonlybecreatedatthebasisofearliestthingsB.anewthingisonlyataleC.wecanseldomcreatenewthingsD.wecanhardlyseereallynewthingsintheworld57.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabouttherelationshipbetweenanewthoughtanditsbeingputintopractice?A.It’smoredifficulttocreateanewthoughtthantouseitinpractice.B.Tofindanewthoughtwillclearlyleadtotheproductionofanewthing.C.Amanwithanexcellentabilityofpracticecaneasilybecomeaninventor.D.Onemaycomeupwithanewthoughtbutcannotputitintopractice.58.Thebesttitleforthispassageis__________.A.HowtoDevelopOne’sCreativityB.WhatIsCreativityC.TheImportanceofCreativityD.CreativityaNotFarawayThing
BeforeJohannGuttenburgdevelopedtheprintingpressin1437newstraveledbywordofmouth.Thismeantthatinformationwasslowtoreachthepublicandthatdetails细节;详情changedasnewsspreadfromonepersontothenext.Printedmattersuchasnewspapersmadeitpossibleforinformationtobegatheredinacentralofficeandfornewstobewrittenmoreaccurately准确地.In1844SamuelMorsemadeasystemofsendingcodedmessagesthroughelectricwiresperfectfoundinganearlyformoflong-distancecommunication通讯.Theworkofcommunicationswasdevelopedin1858throughtheworkofJuliusvonReuterwhomadenewspapersreachdifferentcountriesbytelegraphing.WitheachofthesedevelopmentsthepublicwonderedattheclevernessofthecommunicationpioneersandaskedWhatwilltheythinkofnext?Theythoughtofplenty.AlexanderGrahamBellhadtheideaofpassingspeechbyelectricalimpulsesandinventedthefirsttelephonein1876.TheinventionofthewirelessbyGuglielmoMarconiin1895madethewayformodern-dayradiotransmission.VKZworykinworkedononeofthefirsttelevisionsin1928.Communicationsreachednewheightswhentelevisionsweremassproducedinthe1950s.In1962thefirstcommunicationsatellitemadepeopleseelivebroadcastfromanywhereintheworlD.Undergroundandunderwatercables电缆alsosendonprogramsfromoneareatoanother.TelecommunicationsandcomputernetworkingareofbigadvancesofourtimesandmeanevengreaterdevelopmentstocomE.68.Themainideaofthepassageis________.A.itisnoteasytousemodernwaysofcommunicationB.somanypeopledidn'tsucceedindevelopingthemeansofcommunicationC.themeansofcommunicationhavegonethroughmanystages阶段beforetheyareperfectedD.thedevelopmentofhistoryhaslastedsuchalongtime69.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.ThefirstwordTheyinthe2ndparagraphreferstoscientists.B.AlexanderGrahamBellgavethefirstspeechin1876.C.Theprintingpresswasperfectedintheeleventhcentury.D.Sincemanymeansofcommunicationhavebeendevelopedagreatnumberofpeopleneedn'treadnewspapers.70.Thebeginningofthelong-distancecommunicationwas________.A.sendingmessagesbywordofmouthB.whenpeopleseeprogrammesatthetimeofperformancesC.inthenineteenthcenturyD.whenthewirelesswasinvented71.Telecommunicationsandcomputernetworking________.A.meantherewillbegreaterdevelopmentB.showthe18thcentury'smeansareperfectC.meanmodernsocietyhasdevelopedfromoneareatoanotherD.showpeople'slifecanbeworseandworse
Therearetwomainthingsthatmakeaircraftengineeringdifficult:theneedtomakeeverypartasreliableaspossibleandtheneedtobuildeverythingaslightaspossiblE.Theyaretobecombined结合.Thefactthatanaeroplaneisupintheairandcan'tstopifanythinggoeswrongmakesitperhapsamatteroflifeordeaththatitsperformanceiscompletelydependablE.Givenacertainpowerofengineandsoacertainamountofoilthereisapracticallimittothetotalweightofaircraftthatcanbemadetofly.Outofthatweightasmuchaspossibleiswantedforfuelradioinstrumentspassengerseatsorfreight货物roomandofcoursethepassengersorfreightthemselves.Sotheaircrafthastobeassmallandlightassafetywillallow.Thedesignermustworkoutthenormalloadthateachpartwillbear.Thisspecialistiscalledthestress压力man.HetakesnoticeofanyunusualstressthatmaybeputonthepartasameansagainsterrorsinproductionaccidentaldamageetC.Thestressman'sdecisionsgotothedesignerofthepartandhemustmakeitasstrongasthestressmansaysisnecessary.OneortwosmallpartsarealwaystestedtoprovethattheyareasstrongasthedesignerwanteD.Eachseparatepartistestedthenawholeone-forexampleacompletewingandfinallythewholeaeroplanE.Whenanewtypeofaeroplaneisbeingmadenormallyonlyoneofthefirstthreemadewillbeflown.Twowillbedestroyedonthegroundinstricttests.Thethirdonewillbetestedintheair.Whenaplanehaspassedallthetestsitcangetagovernmentpermissionofflightwithoutwhichitisillegal非法的toflyexceptfortestflying.5.Themaindifficultyofaircraftdesignliesin________.A.thecombinationoflightnessandreliabilityB.thespeedandcheapnessC.reliabilityandpassengercomfortD.itsenginepowerandoilburning6.Thestressman'sjobistoworkout________.A.howsafetheplaneisB.theloadthateachpartbearsC.thepossibleerrorsmadebydesignersD.theamountofloadtheaircraftmaycarry7.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.ThetotalweightofanaircraftdependsonthepoweroftheenginE.B.Anaircrafthastopassallthetests.C.Permissionofflightcanbegotfromthegovernment.D.Itisnecessaryforallthefirstplanestobetestedintheair.
Eversincemanhasgonedowntotheseainshipshehasbeenpuzzledandfascinatedbythephenomenoncalledfierywatersortheburningoftheseas.Atnightwholeareasofthesealightupwithanunusualglow.Strangeasitmaylookthereisnothingsupernaturalaboutthislight.Itiscausedbysimpleone-celledorganisms.Thisproductionoflightbylivingorganismsiscalledbioluminescence生物发光.Mostofthesesingle-celledformsmakelightwhenevertheyareirritatedbysomethingaroundthem.Somekindshoweverproducelightonlyatnight.ThereareaboutfortymainkindsoforganismsthatproducebioluminescencE.Ofallthesethefirefliesorlightningbugsarethebestknown.Firefliescancontroltheblinkingoftheirlightssothattheyserveassignalsbetweenmalesandfemales.Otherinsectssuchasthecucujobeetleandthelanternflyfoundintropicalforestsproduceaveryintenselight.Anarmysurgeononceperformedasuccessfuloperationunderthelightofabottlefulofcucujobeetles.AnotherinterestingluminescentanimalisthewaterfleafoundintheseasofOrient.Thissmallanimalwhichlivesinthesandcomesoutatnight.Asitmovesaboutitsecretes分泌aluminoussubstancE.ThelightthatitproducesisunusualinthatitisbluE.Mostluminescentcreaturesproduceawhiteoryellowlight.9.Atnightthesealightsupbecause_________.A.astrangelightlightsuptheseaB.two-celledorganismscanproducelightC.there'saphenomenonoffierywatersD.there'ssomethingsupernaturalaboutthislight10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.AlltheorganismscangivelightwhentheyareirritateD.B.Noneoftheseorganismscanproducelightofitself.C.Mostofthesesingle-celledformsproducelightwhenevertheyareirritateD.D.Alltheorganismscanmakelightbothinthedaytimeandatnight.
Askalotofpeoplewhatthepurposeofatelescopeisandchancesaretheywillsaysomethingliketomakedistantobjectslookbigger.I'maguestspeakeratlocalschoolsandIalwaysgetthatanswerorsomethingclosetoitwhenIaskthatquestion.Isthebasicroleofatelescopereallytomakethingslookbigger?Takethistest.Stepoutsideonaclearnightfromabrightlylitroom.Seeanything?Probablynot.Butitgetsbetterafterafewminutesdoesn'tit?Infactafterawhileyou'llwonderwhyyoudidn'tseeallthosestarsbeforE.Whatmadeitbetter?Didyouchangethemagnification放大率ormaketheoutsidesizeofanythingchange?Ofcoursenot.WhatyoudidchangewastheamountoflightyoureyesgathereD.Sothebasicroleofatelescopeistogatherlight.Themorelightatelescopegathersthemorepowerfulitis.Andremembertelescopeapertures光圈arecirclesandtheareasofcirclesincreasewiththesquareoftheradius范围somovingupinaperture光圈evenalittlecanhavebigresults.Althoughthesizeofa7X50binoculars双眼望远镜looksaboutthesameasa7X35'sthe7X50binocularsgatherovertwicethelightofthe7X35binocularsdo.Soyoushouldbuythebiggesttelescopeyoucanget.60.Thetestismentionedinthesecondparagraphtoshow________.A.thebasicroleofatelescopeistomakedistantobjectslookbiggerB.eyesneedaperiodoftimetogetoverthedarknessC.thebasicroleofatelescopeistogatherlightD.thesimilaritybetweenpeople'seyesandtelescopes61.Whatisthemainpointthewriteristryingtomakeinthelastparagraph?A.Thebiggerthetelescopeyoubuyisthebetter.B.Thepowerofatelescopedependsonthesquareoftheradius.C.Thedifferencebetweena7X50binocularsanda7X35binoculars.D.IfnecessaryonehadbetterchooseabiggertelescopE.62.Thetextprobablyappearsin________.A.aproductintroductionB.asciencereportC.anadvertisementD.anotice
Geologistshavebeenstudyingvolcanoes火山foralongtimE.Thoughtheyhavelearnedagreatdealtheystillhavenotdiscoveredthecausesofvolcanicaction.Theyknowthattheinsideoftheearthisveryhotbuttheyarenotsureexactlywhatcausesthegreatheat.Somegeologistshavethoughtthattheheatiscausedbythegreatpressureoftheearth'souterlayers.OrtheheatmaybeleftfromthetimewhentheearthwasformeD.Duringthelastsixtyyearsscientistshavelearnedaboutradiumuraniumthoriumandotherradioactiveelements.Thesegiveoutheatallthetimeastheychangeintootherelements.Manyscientistsnowbelievethatmuchoftheheatinsidetheearthisproducedbyradioactiveelements.Whateverthecauseoftheheatmightbewedoknowthattheearthgetshotterthefartherdownwedig.Indeepminesandoilwellsthetemperaturerisesabout1degreeFforeach50feet.Atthisratethetemperature40milesbelowtheearth'ssurfacewouldbeover4000degreesF.Thisismuchhotterthannecessarytomeltrock.Howeverthepressureoftherockabovekeepsmostmaterialsfrommeltingattheirusualmeltingpoints.GeologistsbelievethattherockdeepintheearthmaybeplastiC.Inotherwordstherockyields屈服slowlytopressurebutisnotliquiD.Butifsomechangeintheearth'souterlayerreleasesthepressuretherockmelts.ThenthehotliquidrockcanmoveuptowardthesurfacE.4.Thesubjectofthispassageisthe________.A.formationofvolcanoesB.resultsofvolcanicactionC.heartoftheearthD.causesoftheearth'sinsideheat5.Thecausefortheheatintheinterioroftheearthisprobably________.A.radioactiveelementsB.thegreatpressureoftheearthC.notdeterminedD.theheatremainingfromtheformationoftheearth6.Ifthetemperatureattheearth'ssurfaceis20°Fthetemperatureinacoalmine500feetbelowthesurfacewouldindegreebe________.A.40B.30C.50D.1207.Whydoesn'ttherockdeepintheearthmeltasaliquidatsuchhightemperature?A.Becausethetemperatureisn'thighenoughtomeltit.B.BecauseitmaybeplastiC.C.Becausethepressureoftherockaboveisstrongenoughtostopitmelting.D.Becausethereisn'toxygeninsidetheearth.
Sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature.Howeverwhetheryouareonthemountainsinthewavesoronthegrasslandyoushouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golfasyoumayknoweatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountrysidebutalsotonsofwater.Besidesallsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscourses球场ingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.ForexampleinthedryregionsofPortugalandSpaingolfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas.Therearemanyenvironment―friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse.Simpleandfreepowerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularlyitwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxioussleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.Whateversportyoutakeupyoucanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironment-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromreusedmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbegreengyms.Theyarebetterreplacementsfortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoorsinthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofallit'sfreE.50.Whichofthefollowingistheauthormostprobablyinfavorof?A.CyclingaroundalakE.B.Motorracinginthedesert.C.PlayingbasketballinagymD.Swimminginasportscenter.51.Whatdoweknowaboutgolffromthepassage?A.ItispopularinPortugalandSpain.B.ItcauseswatershortagesaroundtheworlD.C.Itpollutestheearthwithchemicalsandwastes.D.Itneedswaterandelectricitytokeepitscoursesgreen.52.Theauthorusespowerwalkingasanexamplemainlybecause____.A.itisanoutdoorsportB.itimprovesourhealthC.itusesfewerresourcesD.itisrecommendedbyexperts53.Theauthorwritesthepassageto_______.A.showusthefunctionofmajorsportsB.encourageustogoinforgreensportsC.discussthemajorinfluenceofpopularsportsD.introducedifferenttypesofenvironment-friendlysports
Besidesprovidinganidealenvironmentforseaplantsandanimalstoliveinseawaterhasothervaluablepropertiesoneofwhichisthatitconstantlymoves.Anditsmovementsproduceenergy.Themostobviousmovementsarethewavesandthetides.Windcausesthewavesandthegravitationalpullofthemoonandthesuncausesthetides.InplacesliketheBayofFundyinCanadathedifferencebetweenthehighandlowtidelevelcanbeasmuchas40feet.FranceandBritainarenowtryingtouseenergyinthetidestoproduceelectricity.Wavescanproduceelectricityandsomesmall-scaleexperimentsaretakingplacetolearnmoreaboutthis.Oneofthemostencouragingareasofresearchusesthedifferencebetweenthetemperatureofseawateratthesurfaceanddeepdowntoproduceelectricity.68.Oneofthevaluablepropertiesofseawateristhat________.A.ithasnoplantsinitB.itpullsthesunandthemoonC.itsmovementsproduceenergyD.itfeedsallkindsofanimals69.Wavesandtidesarecausedby________.A.thesameforceB.differentforcesC.theirownmovementsD.plantsandanimals70.AccordingtothispassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Thetemperaturedifferenceofseawatercanproduceelectricity.B.Theenergyinthetidescanproduceelectricity.C.Wavescanproduceelectricity.D.Theplantsandanimalsintheoceancanproduceelectricity.71.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.howtodevelopoceanareasB.howwavesandtidesarecausedC.howtomakeuseofenergyoftheseawaterD.howwesterncountriesarecompetingforusingenergyoftheoceans
ThursdayJune102004-AlittleblackspotcrawledacrossthebottomofthesunTuesdaytothedelightofstargazers天文学家aroundtheworlD.ThespotwasVenusthesecond-closestplanettothesunandEarth'snearestneighbor.Venushadn'tpassedbetweenEarthandthesuninmorethanahundredyears.FromEgypttoAustraliaspacefansworespecialsunglassestoprotecttheireyesandpreventblindnesswhilewatchingthesix-hourevent.InPrestonEnglandschoolchildrenwentwildwhenVenusappeareD.TheywereliterallyjumpingoffthefloorwithexcitementsaidGordonBromageanastrophysicistorascientistwhostudiesobjectsinspaceatBritain'sUniversityofCentralLancashirE.Theywereyelling'I'veseenit.I'veseenit!'InCairoEgyptagroupofstudentsvisitedtheancientpyramidstoviewtheplanetary行星的passagE.Thepyramidsaretheperfectplacetowatchsomethingsoraresaid15-year-oldWissamAdelKamal.Thespectacularsightwasonlypartially部分地visibleinNorthandSouthAmericA.UnluckyastronomyfansinJapanandThailandcouldn'tseeitatallbecauseofthelousy糟糕的weather.WecouldbarelyseethesunonandoffthroughbreaksinthecloudssaidMakiYanagisawawhotriedtowatchinHokkaidoJapan.VenuspassessorarelybeforethesunbecauseVenusandEarthorbitthesunatslightlydifferentangles.ForVenustobevisibleonthefaceofthesunitmustpassexactlybetweenEarthandthesun.StillifyoumissedtheshowyoumayhaveanotherchancE.Venuswilltravelbackacrossthesunagainin2012.Afterthatitwon'tmakethetripforanothermorethanahundredyears.1.Itcanbeinferredthat________.A.VenuswasalittleblackspotB.VenusshowtakesplaceeveryahundredyearsC.ThedistanceislongerfromVenustothesunthanthatfromEarthtothesunD.ThedistanceisshorterfromVenustothesunthanthatfromEarthtothesun2.WhatmusttakeplacesothatVenuscanbeseeninthefaceofthesun?A.VenusmustpassexactlybetweenEarthandthesun.B.Theskymustbeveryclear.C.SpecialsunglassesmustbeuseD.D.EarthmusttravelinfrontofVenus.3.IfyoumisstheVenusshowthistimeyou'llhavetowait________towatchthenextshow.A.8yearsB.morethan100yearsC.15yearsD.2012years4.Itwasreportedthat________.A.thisVenusshowcouldbeseenatanytimeonTuesdayJune8B.thisVenusshowcouldbeseenatanyplaceontheearthC.onlyschoolchildrenshowedinterestinthisVenusshowD.somepeoplewerenotluckyenoughtoseethesight
DowningthelastdropofanexpensivefamousbrandH2Oaswellasrememberingtothrowtheemptybottleintherecyclingbinmakesyoufeelprettygoodaboutyourselfright?Itshouldn’t.EvenwhenthebottlesarerecycledthereareallkindsofothereffectsofswallowingbottledwatersaysMelissaPefferstheair-qualityprogrammanagerforEnvironmentalDefensE.ThecontainersareoftenfilledinfarawaylandsthenshippedfromabroadandstoredinrefrigeratorsatyourlocalstorE.Comparethatwiththeinfluenceonenvironmentofturningonyourtapfillingaglassanddrinkingup!AnyonewhoischoosingbottledwaterforhealthreasonsismisguidedsaysPeffersMostbottledwaterisjusttapwater.Andwhatcomesoutofyourtapiscarefullymonitoredtofollowthestrictrules.ConsideranotherfactthatbottledwaterissurprisinglyexpensiveespeciallywhencomparedwiththealternativewhichisalmostfreeanditissurprisingthatAmerica’sdesireforbottledwaterseemsimpossibletosatisfyreachingnearly30billionbottlesayear.Myparents’generationneverhadbottledwatersaysIsabelleSilvermananEnvironmentalDefenselegaladviser.ShehasmadeacommitmenttogoingbottlefreE.Youdon’tneedtofetchithomefromthestoreandit’scheapersheadds.Bottledwater’sroleasastatussymbolneedstochangePefferspointsout.Sowhenawaiteratanexpensiverestaurantoffers’’Andwhat’syourdrink?that’snoreasontoforgetyourconviction信念.Don’tbeafraidtosay‘I’llhavetap.’‘SayitloudenoughthattheothertablesnearbycanhearyouPefferssays.Andthenspendthatmoneyonadessert.60.InthefirstparagraphtheunderlinedsentenceItshouldn’t.suggeststhatpeople.A.shouldn’tfeelpleasedwithfinishingthewaterinthebottleB.shouldn’tfeelgoodaboutdrinkinganexpensivebrandH2OC.shouldn’tbecontentwithjustrecyclingemptybottlesD.shouldn’tbesatisfiedwithdrinkingonlybottledwater61.Accordingtotheauthortapwateris.A.assafeasbottledwaterB.morellikelytobepollutedC.healthierthanbottledwaterD.lessconvenientthanbottledwater62.TheunderlinedpartgoingbottlefreeinParA.4means.A.makingbottledwaterfreeB.givingupbottledwaterC.recyclingusedwaterbottlesD.providingfreewatercontainers63.WhydoesPeffersaskpeopletosayI’llhavetap.loudly?A.Toencouragethemtosetanexampleforotherstofollow.B.Toadvisethemtosavethemoneyforonemoredessert.C.Toremindthemtobeawareoftheirsocialstatus.D.TopersuadethemtospeakconfidentlyinpubliC.
Haveyoueverimaginedwhatkindofcarwewillbedrivingin2020?Itwillberatherdifferentfromthetypeweknowtodaywiththenext20yearsbringinggreaterchangethanthepast50.Thepeoplewhowillbedesigningthemodelsoftomorrowbelievethatenvironmentalproblemsmaywellaccelerate促进加快thepaceofthecar'sdevelopment.TodaytheyarestudentsonthetransportdesigncourseatLondon'sRoyalCollegeofArt.Theirvisionisofamachinewiththreewheelsinsteadoffourelectricallypoweredenvironmentallycleanandabletodriveitselfalongintelligentroadsequippedwithbuilt-inpowersupplies.Futurecarswillpickuptheirfuelduringlongjourneysfromapowersourcebuiltintotheroadorstoreitinsmallquantitiesfortravelinginthecity.Insteadoftoday'sseatingarrangements--twoinfronttwoorthreebehindallfacingforward—the2010carwillhaveaversatileinteriorwithadultsandchildreninafamilycirclE.Thisviewofthefuturecarisbasedonamuchmoresophisticated复杂的roadsystemwithstripsbuiltintomotorwaystosupplypowertovehiclespassingalongthem.Carswillnotneeddriversbecausecomputerswillprovidesafedrivingcontrolandroutefinding.Allthedriverwillhavetodoistosaywheretogoandthecomputerwilldotherest.Itwillbecomeimpossibleforcarstocrashintooneanother.ThetechnologyalreadyexistsforthecartobecomeatrueautomobilE.60.A.futurecarwilluseelectricalpowerbecauseitis.A.saferB.cheaperC.cleanerD.faster61.A.futurecarwillhaveallthefollowingfeaturesEXCEPT.A.beingthree-wheeledB.runningwithoutanyoneinitC.drivingalongspecialroadsD.withaversatileseatingarrangement62.Theunderlinedsentencewithstripsbuilt..passingalongthemmeansthattherewillbe.A.manytrafficlightstocontrolthespeedoffuturecarsB.manystreetpoststoindicatedirectionsfordriversC.manypowersourcesalongroadssupplyingpowertocarsD.manystopmarksalongthestreettostopcars63.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Futurecarswillbecompletelydifferentfromtheautomobilesweknowtoday.B.ThedesignoffuturecarswillbemoresophisticateD.C.Becauseofthenewtypeofcarsourfutureenvironmentwillbecomecleaner.D.Theroadsystemwillbecomemoresophisticatedthanitistoday.
Atfirsttheearth’ssurfacelayer层wasmadeupofhugeblocksofhardsolidrocks.Thenslowlythererocksbrokeupintosmallerandsmallerpieces.Finallystonespebble卵石andgrainsofsandwereformeD.Manysortsofplantsandanimalslivedanddiedonthesurfaceoftheearth.Theirremainsmixedupwiththestonespebblesandformedsoil.Theoutmostlayeroftheearthissoil.Therearemanywaysinwhichlargepiecesofrockbreakintosmallerones.Windwaterheatandcoldhelptobreakuprocks.Whenwindsblowgrainsofsandagainstalargerockforalongtimethesofterlayersoftherockareslowlywornaway.Theseleaveholesandcrack裂缝intherockwhichbecomebiggerandfinallytherockbreaksupintosmallerpieces.Themovingwaterofstreamsandriversalsohelptobreakuprocks.Asthewatermovesalongitcarrieswithitsmallpiecesofrock.Theserubthelargerones.Thusthelargerrocksareworndowntosmallerpieces.Theheatofthesunisalsohelpfultobreakinguprocks.Whenthesunshinestherocksbecomeveryhot.Iftheserocksaresuddenlycooledtheymaycrack.Icealsoplaysapartinmakingsoil.Waterinthecrackscanturnintoiceincoldweather.Asthishappensitbecomesbiggerandthecracksbecomewiderandfinallybreakintosmallerpieces.71.Accordingtothepassagesoil.A.formsveryslowlyB.isamixtureofstonespebblesandsandC.makeupthelayersoftheearthD.isbecomingsmallerandsmaller72.Howmanyfactorsarementionedinhelpingtheformingofsoil?A.ThreE.B.Four.C.FivE.D.MorethanfivE.73.Whichofthefollowingspeedsupthebreaksofrocksmost?A.Hotweather.B.Coldwater.C.SharpchangesintemperaturE.D.Moredeadplantsinthecracks.74.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Theremainsofmanyplantsofanimalsformedsoil.B.Ifalargerocknevermovesitwillneverbreakup.C.Evenifalargerocknevermovesitwillbreakup.D.Iceinthecrackshelpstobreakuprocks75.Thebesttitleforthispassageshouldbe.A.SoilfromRocksB.WaystoBreakupRocksC.SoilontheEarthD.SoilOutmostLayeroftheEarth
Whendidyoulastseeapolarbear北极熊?Onatriptoazooperhaps?IfyouhadattendedawinteractivityinNewYorkafewyearsagoyouwouldhaveseenawholePolarBearCluB.ThesePolarBearsarepeoplewhomeetfrequentlyinthewintertoswiminfreezingcoldwater.Thatdaytheairtemperaturewas3℃andthewatertemperaturewasabithigher.ThemembersofthePolarBearClubatConeyIslandNewYorkareusuallyabouttheageof60.Membersmustsatisfytworequirements.Firsttheymustgetalongwellwitheveryoneelseinthegroup;thisisveryimportantbecausetherearesomanydifferentkindsofpeopleinthecluB.PolarBearsmustalsoagreetoswimoutdoorsatleasttwiceamonthfromNovemberthroughFebruary.Doctorsdonotagreeaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-waterswimming.Someareworriedaboutthedangersofaconditioninwhichthebody'stemperaturedropssolowthatfinallytheheartstops.Otherdoctorshoweverpointoutthatthereismoredangerofaheartattackduringsummerswimmingbecausethedifferencebetweentheairtemperatureandwatertemperatureismuchgreaterinsummerthaninwinter.ThePolarBearsthemselvesaresatisfiedwiththebenefitsoradvantagesofcold-waterswimming.Theysaythattheirfavoriteformofexerciseisverygoodforthecirculatorysystem循环系统becauseitforcesthebloodtomovefasttokeepthebodywarm.Cold-waterswimmersusuallyturnbrightredafterafewminutesinthewater.A.personwhoturnsblueprobablyhasaverypoorcirculatorysystemandshouldnottrycold-waterswimming.Themainbenefitsofcold-waterswimmingareprobablymental.ThePolarBearslovetoswimyear-round;theyfinditfunandrelaxing.Asone70-year-oldwomansaysWhenIgointothewaterIpourmytroublesintotheoceanandletthemfloataway.11.ThemembersofthePolarBearClubmustmeetthefollowingrequirementsexceptthat_______.A.theyareusuallyabouttheageof60B.theyaremustagreetoswimoutdoorsfromNovemberthroughFebruaryC.theymustswimoutdoorsatleast8timesinthefourcoldmonthsD.theyshouldbeeasytomakefriendswith12.Doctors_______.A.havedifferentideasaboutthemedicaleffectsofcold-waterswimmingB.believeswimmingishelpfulbothinwinterandinsummerC.pointoutthepossibledangerofbloodillnessduringcold-waterswimmingD.encouragepeopletotakepartincold-waterswimmingactively13.Accordingtothepassagesomedoctorsbelieveitistruethat_______.A.PolarBearsarebearsswimminginfreezingwaterB.cold-waterswimmingcanmakethebodytemperaturedangerouslyhighC.swimmingcausesmoreheartattacksinsummerthaninwinterD.youarehealthyifcold-waterswimmingturnsyourskincoldorblue14.ThePolarBearsliketoswimalltheyearroundfor_______.A.theymightmeetfewertroublesinlifeB.theyfinditenjoyableandinterestingC.itisaneasywaytokeepthebodywarminwinterD.theycanremainyoung15.Thepassageismainlyabout_______.A.therequirementsofthePolarBearClubB.doctors'ideasaboutcold-waterswimmingC.thepolarbears'lifeinNewYorkD.agroupofcold-water-swimminglovers
Earplugshavebeenthesimplebuteffectivewaytostopnoiseaffectingyourmindbuttheirshortcomingisthattheyalsoblockoutsoundsyoumaywantorneedtohearsuchasmusicorsomeonetalkingtoyou.Theanswertothisproblemisactivenoisecancellation抵消-headphonesthataremadeupofamicrophoneandelectronics电子装置thattakeallbackgroundlow-frequency低频率noiseturnthesoundwavesupsidedownandrebroadcastthemintoyourear.Theresultisthatalltheunwantednoisesaroundareblockedout.IneffectonesetofelectronicallyproducedsoundwavehassuckedawaytheunwantedsoundwavesofnoisE.Standnexttoabusyroadwearingthenoisecancellationheadphonesandthetrafficnoisedisappears.Sitinanairplaneandtheenginenoisediesaway.Inanoisyofficethenoiseofofficeequipmentpeopleandair-conditioningisgonE.Youcanstillhoweverhearmusicortalkwithpeoplebecausethatsounddoesnothavearegularpatternandsothedevice装置doesnotblockit.81.Whatisthebestwaytokeepouttheunwantednoise?A.Towearanearplug.B.TowearaheadphonE.C.TowearamicrophonE.D.Towearelectronics.82.Whichofthefollowinggivesageneralideaonhowtheabovedeviceworks?A.Byproducinglow-frequencysoundwavesandrebroadcastthem.B.Byproducingnewsoundwavestosuckawaytheunwantedsoundwaves.C.Bychangingallbackgroundlow-frequencynoiseintoanirregularpattern.D.Bysuckingawayallthelow-frequencysoundwavesturnedupsidedown.83.Supposeyouaredrivingyourfriendtotheairportandthecarradioisonwhatcan'tyouhearifyouwearaheadphone?A.TheradiomusicandthecarenginenoisE.B.Thenoiseoftheplanespassingoverheadandwhatyourfriendsays.C.Theradiomusicandwhatyourfriendsays.D.ThenoiseofthecarandtheplanespassingoverheaD.
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