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Beware of pickpockets in public places.
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UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency免疫缺陷virusHIVoneofmankind’smostfearedvirusesasacarrierofgeneswhichcanfightcancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpertssayHIVhasanalmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody’simmune免疫的defensesmakingitidealforcarryingreplacementgenesintopatients’bodiesaccordingtotheObserver AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstituteoneoftheworld’sleadingresearchcentersonbiologicalscienceshascreatedaspecialnewbreedofHIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationFDAtobeginclinicalgenetherapy治疗trialsthisyear.ThefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInderVermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave"farwiderapplications". Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmakinguseofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworldinthepasttwodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposewas"shocking"butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved. Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient’sbodyfailstoworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyearsbreakthroughsingenetics遗传学haveledgenetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally. Unfortunatelythebody’simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthemodifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheirtaskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitablecarrier. TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefromandthendestroytheimmunedefensecellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractivetoscientistsasawayofsecretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients’bodies. TheHIVvirushascausedmoredeathsindevelopedcountries.
Themusicwasalittleloudbutexceptthatitwasagreatconcert.
TalkingtoKidsaboutSARS非典 SchoolagechildrenmaybelearningaboutSARSfromadultsandthemediabutmaynotknowwhattomakeofthesituationsaysanationalhealthcharity. TheLungAssociationsaysparentsshouldtaketimetotalktotheir1andexplainthefactsaboutSARSandhowtoavoidtheillness. Thefollowingisbasedonrecommendations2ThursdaybytheLungAssociation: ▲Askyourchildreniftheyhaveheard3SARSatschoolfromfriendsfromTVetc.Findingoutwhattheyalreadyknowcanbeagood4tostarttheconversationandtoclearawayanywrongideastheymighthaveabouttheillnessandhowitisspread. ▲Schoolagechildrenareusuallyold5tounderstandconceptssuchasgettingsickfromgerms细菌andhowtoavoidillness.Asimplereminder提示6tocoughonpeopleandtowashtheirhandsoftenmaybesufficientforyoungerkids.Allchildrenshouldbeshownhowto7theirhandsproperly. ▲Remembertokeepitsimpleso8nottooverwhelmchildrenwithinformationbutanswerthemtruthfully.Kidscantellwhenyou’renotbeinghonestorifyou’rehidingsomethingandsometimestheunknowncanbemorefrighteningthanthe9.Parentswithanxiouschildrenwillknow10theirkidswillhandleinformationonSARSandcantailortheirdiscussionaccordingly. ▲OnewaytoexplaintheillnessistotellchildrenthatSARSislikeabadbreathingproblem.Itis11fromacoldbutpeoplecancatchitinthesameways--suchascoughingonsomeonenotwashingyourhandsorsharingaglasswithasickperson. ▲DescribehowSARSisspreadbutmentionthatthechanceof12SARSissmall.ThereisnoreasontotellchildrenpeoplearedyingofSARS13theyask.Neverusethethreatofdeathasawaytoremindkidstowashtheirhands. ▲Childrenshouldbe14totrusttheirparentsandothercaregivers.Explainthatmanysmartpeople15doctorsandscientistsareworkingontheproblemandlookingoutforeveryone’shealth. 9.
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TheStoryofLani Five-year-oldLanistilltakessevenmedicineswithherbreakfasteverymorning."She’sverygoodaboutit"saysherfatherDavid.LaniisalivetodaybecauseofherfatherDavidinmorethanoneway;whenshewasoneyearoldshereceivedpartofherfather’sliverinaliver-transplantoperation.Laniwasbornwithaliverillness.1Doctorsadvisedthatatransplantwastheonlywayinwhichshewouldlive. Theoperationlasted12hoursandneededtwoteamsoneforthefatherandoneforthedaughter.2Inthesecasesthedonor’slivergrowstonormalsizeinabouteightweeksandthechild’sliverbecomessmaller. Lanispentthreeweeksinhospitalaftertheoperation.Becausethereceiver’sbodytriestorejecttheneworganthepatienthastobegivenspecialdrugs.3 AlthoughDavidlefthospitalafter10dayshedidn’treturntoworkuntilafterthroemonths.Inordertoreachtheliverthedoctorshavetocutthroughthestomachwallwhichisstrongandfullofmuscle.Itthereforetakesalongtimetorecoverafterthisoperation.4 Sofaronly16oftheseliver-transplantoperationshavebeencarriedoutinBritain.5Doctorssay"Ifpossibleweprefertotakealiverfromadeaddonorusuallyaparent." Lanistillhastolookafterherhealthandshegetsmoretiredthanotherchildrenofthesameagebutdoctorshopethatshewillcontinuetogetstrongerandstronger. AShehadoneoperationwhenshewassixweeksoldwhichwasnotsuccessful. BWhilethesedrugsaregivenitisimportantthatthepatientdoesnotcatchanyillnessnotevenacold. CInthisoperationapieceofliverweighingabout250--300gramswasremovedfromthefatherandtransplantedintothedaughter. DDavidquicklyrecoveredfromtheoperation. EHowevertheyaremorecommoninNorthAmericaandJapan. FDavidwasfinallyabletoridehisbikeagainafteraboutayear. 4.
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WhatmakesamajorsuccessinLosAngelesisthestrengthofhispublicsupport.
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ElectronicTeaching Thepotentialofclosed-circuittelevisionandothernewelectronicleachingtoolsissogreatthatitisfascinatingtovisualize"theschooloftomorrow". Televisedlessonswilloriginatefromacentralbuildinghavingperhapsfourorfivemasterstudios.Thelessonswillbecarriedintoclassroomsalloveracityorevenanentirecountry. Afteratelevisedlessonhasbeengiventheclassroomteacherwilltakeoverfortireall-important"follow-up"period.Thestudentswillaskanytroublesomequestionsanddifficultpointswillbeclearedupthroughdiscussion. Theteacherintheclassroomwillhaveadditionalelectronictools.Ontheteacher’sdeskthetraditionalchalkanderaserswillhavebeenreplacedbyamultiple-controlpanelandmagnetictapeplayers.Thetapemachineswillrunpre-recordedlessonswhichpupilswillfollowbyheadphones.Thelessonswillbespecificallygearedtothestudents’levelsofability.Forinstancewhiletheclassasawholestudieshistoryeachstudentwillreceiveanindividualhistorylessondirectedtohisparticularlevelofability. Shouldquestionarisethestudentswillbeabletotalkdirectlytotheteacheronindividualintercomswithoutdisturbingtherestoftheclass.Inthiswaytheteacherwillheabletoconductasmanyasthreeclassesatthesametime. Withtherapiddevelopmentofcomputersciencestudentswillbeaidedwithspeciallypreparedmulti-mediasoftwaretostudytheirsubjectsbetter.Homeworkwillpossiblybeassignedandhandedinviaelectronicmailsystem.Studentscaneventakeexaminationsontheircomputerlinkedwiththeteachersandgetthescoreinstantly.Theywillgetcertificatesordiplomasiftheypassalltherequiredexaminations.Expertsbelievethatthistypeofeducationwillbeverypopularintheyearsahead. Lessonsbroadcastbytelevisionwillcomefrom
ImmuneFunctions Theimmunesystemisequalincomplexitytothecombinedintricaciesofthebrainandnervoussystem.Thesuccessoftheimmunesystemindefendingthebodyreliesonadynamicregulatorycommunicationnetworkconsistingofmillionsandmillionsofcells.Organizedintosetsandsubsetsthesecellspassinformationbackandforthlikecloudsofbeesflyingaroundahive蜂巢.Theresultisasensitivesystemofchecksandbalancesthatproducesanimmuneresponsethatispromptappropriateeffectiveandself-limiting. Attheheartoftheimmunesystemistheabilitytodistinguishbetweenselfandnoself.Whenimmunedefendersencountercellsororganismscarryingforeignornonselfmoleculestheimmunetroopsmovequicklytoeliminatetheintruders入侵者.Virtuallyeverybodycellcarriesdistinctivemoleculesthatidentifyitasself.Thebody’simmunedefensesdonotnormallyattacktissuesthatcarryaselfmarker.Ratherimmunecellsandotherbodycellscoexistpeaceablyinsstateknownasself-toler-ance.Whenanormallyfunctioningimmunesystemattacksanonselfmoleculethesystemhastheabilityto"remember"thespecificsoftheforeignbody.Uponsubsequentencounterswiththesamespeciesofmoleculestheimmunesystemreactsaccordingly.Withthepossibleexceptionofantibodies抗体passedduringlactation哺乳期]thissocalledimmunesystemmemoryisnotinherited.Despitetheoccurrenceofavirusinyourfamilyyourimmunesystemmust"learn"fromexperiencewiththemanymillionsofdistinctivenonselfmoleculesintheseaofmicrobes微生物inwhichwelive.Learningentailsproducingtheappropriatemoleculesandcellstomatchupwithandcounteracteachnonselfinvader. Anysubstancecapableoftriggeringanimmuneresponseiscalledanantigen抗原.Antigensarenottobeconfusedwithallergens过敏原whicharemostoftenharmlesssubstancesthatprovoketheimmunesystemtosetofftheinappropriateandharmfulresponseknownasallergy.Anantigencanbeavirusabacteriumorevenaportionorproductofoneoftheseorganisms.Tissuesorcellsfromanotherindividualalsoactasantigens;becausetheimmunesystemrecognizestransplantedtissuesasforeignitrejectsthem.Thebodywillevenrejectnourishingproteinsunlesstheyarefirstbrokendownbythedigestivesystemintotheirprimarynonantigenicbuildingblocks.Anantigenannouncesitsforeignnessbymeansofintricateandcharacteristicshapescalledepitopes抗原表位whichprotrude突出fromitssurface.Mostantigenseventhesimplestmicrobescarryseveraldifferentkindsofepitopesontheirsurface;somemayevencarryseveralhundreds.Someepitopeswillbemoreeffectivethanothersatstimulatinganimmuneresponse.Onlyinabnormalsituationdoestheimmunesystemwronglyidentifyselfasnonselfandexecuteamisdirectedimmuneattack. Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue
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GivingUpSmokingAnumberofdevicesareavailabletohelpapersonquitsmoking.Nicotine尼古丁patchesaresmallnicotine-containingadhesive粘着性的discsappliedtotheskin.Thenicotineisslowlyabsorbedthroughtheskinandentersthebloodstream血流.Overtimethenicotinedoseisreducedandeventuallythedesirefornicotineiseased.Nicotinegum口香糖worksinasimilarmannerprovidingsmalldosesofnicotinewhenchewed咀嚼.Thebenefitsofgivingupsmokingincludetheimmediatereductionofharmtothehealthofthesmokerandeasieradmissiontosocialactivitiesandinstitutionsthatbansmoking.Ina1988reporttheU.S.SurgeonGeneraldeclaredcigarettesmokingtobemoreharmfulandexpensivethantheuseofcocaine可卡因alcoholorheroin.Recentevidencesupportsthisclaim.TheUnitedStatesgovernmenthascollectedaspecialtaxoncigarettesforseveraldecades.Theraterosefrom8centsperpackof20cigarettesin1951to24centsperpackin1993.Inotherdevelopedcountriesthecigarettetaxrateismuchhigherrangingfrom50percentinSwitzerlandto85percentinDenmark.IntheUnitedStatesthefirstdirectactiontochecksmokingwastheregulationofawarningoncigarettepackagesbytheFederalTradeCommission.Thiswarningtookeffectin1964andwasstrengthenedin1969toread:Warning:TheSurgeonGeneralHasDeterminedThatCigaretteSmokingIsDangeroustoYourHealth.In1971allcigaretteadvertisingwasbannedfromradioandtelevisionandcitiesandstatespassedlawsrequiringnonsmokingsectionsinpublicplacesandworkplaces.ThebenefitsofgivingupsmokingincludeallthefollowingEXCEPT
TheStoryofLani Five-year-oldLanistilltakessevenmedicineswithherbreakfasteverymorning."She’sverygoodaboutit"saysherfatherDavid.LaniisalivetodaybecauseofherfatherDavidinmorethanoneway;whenshewasoneyearoldshereceivedpartofherfather’sliverinaliver-transplantoperation.Laniwasbornwithaliverillness.1Doctorsadvisedthatatransplantwastheonlywayinwhichshewouldlive. Theoperationlasted12hoursandneededtwoteamsoneforthefatherandoneforthedaughter.2Inthesecasesthedonor’slivergrowstonormalsizeinabouteightweeksandthechild’sliverbecomessmaller. Lanispentthreeweeksinhospitalaftertheoperation.Becausethereceiver’sbodytriestorejecttheneworganthepatienthastobegivenspecialdrugs.3 AlthoughDavidlefthospitalafter10dayshedidn’treturntoworkuntilafterthroemonths.Inordertoreachtheliverthedoctorshavetocutthroughthestomachwallwhichisstrongandfullofmuscle.Itthereforetakesalongtimetorecoverafterthisoperation.4 Sofaronly16oftheseliver-transplantoperationshavebeencarriedoutinBritain.5Doctorssay"Ifpossibleweprefertotakealiverfromadeaddonorusuallyaparent." Lanistillhastolookafterherhealthandshegetsmoretiredthanotherchildrenofthesameagebutdoctorshopethatshewillcontinuetogetstrongerandstronger. AShehadoneoperationwhenshewassixweeksoldwhichwasnotsuccessful. BWhilethesedrugsaregivenitisimportantthatthepatientdoesnotcatchanyillnessnotevenacold. CInthisoperationapieceofliverweighingabout250--300gramswasremovedfromthefatherandtransplantedintothedaughter. DDavidquicklyrecoveredfromtheoperation. EHowevertheyaremorecommoninNorthAmericaandJapan. FDavidwasfinallyabletoridehisbikeagainafteraboutayear. 2.
Iamalwaysconsciousofmyownshortcomings.
Gunpowderwasusedextensivelyinfirearmspriorto1990.
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{{*HTML*}}A.sellfleshvegetables??B.sellasmuchaspossible??C.offeravarietyofpreparedmeals??D.turnthemintosoup??E.fillagapinthemarket??F.promotehersoupsApartfromqualityfruitandvegetablesthecouple______.
{{*HTML*}}A.sellfleshvegetables??B.sellasmuchaspossible??C.offeravarietyofpreparedmeals??D.turnthemintosoup??E.fillagapinthemarket??F.promotehersoupsClaraspentmuchofthesummergoingtoLondonto______.
TalkingtoKidsaboutSARS非典 SchoolagechildrenmaybelearningaboutSARSfromadultsandthemediabutmaynotknowwhattomakeofthesituationsaysanationalhealthcharity. TheLungAssociationsaysparentsshouldtaketimetotalktotheir1andexplainthefactsaboutSARSandhowtoavoidtheillness. Thefollowingisbasedonrecommendations2ThursdaybytheLungAssociation: ▲Askyourchildreniftheyhaveheard3SARSatschoolfromfriendsfromTVetc.Findingoutwhattheyalreadyknowcanbeagood4tostarttheconversationandtoclearawayanywrongideastheymighthaveabouttheillnessandhowitisspread. ▲Schoolagechildrenareusuallyold5tounderstandconceptssuchasgettingsickfromgerms细菌andhowtoavoidillness.Asimplereminder提示6tocoughonpeopleandtowashtheirhandsoftenmaybesufficientforyoungerkids.Allchildrenshouldbeshownhowto7theirhandsproperly. ▲Remembertokeepitsimpleso8nottooverwhelmchildrenwithinformationbutanswerthemtruthfully.Kidscantellwhenyou’renotbeinghonestorifyou’rehidingsomethingandsometimestheunknowncanbemorefrighteningthanthe9.Parentswithanxiouschildrenwillknow10theirkidswillhandleinformationonSARSandcantailortheirdiscussionaccordingly. ▲OnewaytoexplaintheillnessistotellchildrenthatSARSislikeabadbreathingproblem.Itis11fromacoldbutpeoplecancatchitinthesameways--suchascoughingonsomeonenotwashingyourhandsorsharingaglasswithasickperson. ▲DescribehowSARSisspreadbutmentionthatthechanceof12SARSissmall.ThereisnoreasontotellchildrenpeoplearedyingofSARS13theyask.Neverusethethreatofdeathasawaytoremindkidstowashtheirhands. ▲Childrenshouldbe14totrusttheirparentsandothercaregivers.Explainthatmanysmartpeople15doctorsandscientistsareworkingontheproblemandlookingoutforeveryone’shealth. 7.
{{*HTML*}}A.UndeniableMir’sachievements??B.RewardsfollowingtheU.S.financialinjection??C.Mir’sproblemyear??D.Mirregardedasacompletefailure??E.Mir’sfirstsinscientificexperimentsandspaceexploration??F.AgreatdebtownedtotheInternationalSpaceStationParagraph5______
ImmuneFunctions Theimmunesystemisequalincomplexitytothecombinedintricaciesofthebrainandnervoussystem.Thesuccessoftheimmunesystemindefendingthebodyreliesonadynamicregulatorycommunicationnetworkconsistingofmillionsandmillionsofcells.Organizedintosetsandsubsetsthesecellspassinformationbackandforthlikecloudsofbeesflyingaroundahive蜂巢.Theresultisasensitivesystemofchecksandbalancesthatproducesanimmuneresponsethatispromptappropriateeffectiveandself-limiting. Attheheartoftheimmunesystemistheabilitytodistinguishbetweenselfandnoself.Whenimmunedefendersencountercellsororganismscarryingforeignornonselfmoleculestheimmunetroopsmovequicklytoeliminatetheintruders入侵者.Virtuallyeverybodycellcarriesdistinctivemoleculesthatidentifyitasself.Thebody’simmunedefensesdonotnormallyattacktissuesthatcarryaselfmarker.Ratherimmunecellsandotherbodycellscoexistpeaceablyinsstateknownasself-toler-ance.Whenanormallyfunctioningimmunesystemattacksanonselfmoleculethesystemhastheabilityto"remember"thespecificsoftheforeignbody.Uponsubsequentencounterswiththesamespeciesofmoleculestheimmunesystemreactsaccordingly.Withthepossibleexceptionofantibodies抗体passedduringlactation哺乳期]thissocalledimmunesystemmemoryisnotinherited.Despitetheoccurrenceofavirusinyourfamilyyourimmunesystemmust"learn"fromexperiencewiththemanymillionsofdistinctivenonselfmoleculesintheseaofmicrobes微生物inwhichwelive.Learningentailsproducingtheappropriatemoleculesandcellstomatchupwithandcounteracteachnonselfinvader. Anysubstancecapableoftriggeringanimmuneresponseiscalledanantigen抗原.Antigensarenottobeconfusedwithallergens过敏原whicharemostoftenharmlesssubstancesthatprovoketheimmunesystemtosetofftheinappropriateandharmfulresponseknownasallergy.Anantigencanbeavirusabacteriumorevenaportionorproductofoneoftheseorganisms.Tissuesorcellsfromanotherindividualalsoactasantigens;becausetheimmunesystemrecognizestransplantedtissuesasforeignitrejectsthem.Thebodywillevenrejectnourishingproteinsunlesstheyarefirstbrokendownbythedigestivesystemintotheirprimarynonantigenicbuildingblocks.Anantigenannouncesitsforeignnessbymeansofintricateandcharacteristicshapescalledepitopes抗原表位whichprotrude突出fromitssurface.Mostantigenseventhesimplestmicrobescarryseveraldifferentkindsofepitopesontheirsurface;somemayevencarryseveralhundreds.Someepitopeswillbemoreeffectivethanothersatstimulatinganimmuneresponse.Onlyinabnormalsituationdoestheimmunesystemwronglyidentifyselfasnonselfandexecuteamisdirectedimmuneattack. Theimmunecellsandothercellsinthebodycoexistpeaceablyinastateknownas
GivingUpSmokingAnumberofdevicesareavailabletohelpapersonquitsmoking.Nicotine尼古丁patchesaresmallnicotine-containingadhesive粘着性的discsappliedtotheskin.Thenicotineisslowlyabsorbedthroughtheskinandentersthebloodstream血流.Overtimethenicotinedoseisreducedandeventuallythedesirefornicotineiseased.Nicotinegum口香糖worksinasimilarmannerprovidingsmalldosesofnicotinewhenchewed咀嚼.Thebenefitsofgivingupsmokingincludetheimmediatereductionofharmtothehealthofthesmokerandeasieradmissiontosocialactivitiesandinstitutionsthatbansmoking.Ina1988reporttheU.S.SurgeonGeneraldeclaredcigarettesmokingtobemoreharmfulandexpensivethantheuseofcocaine可卡因alcoholorheroin.Recentevidencesupportsthisclaim.TheUnitedStatesgovernmenthascollectedaspecialtaxoncigarettesforseveraldecades.Theraterosefrom8centsperpackof20cigarettesin1951to24centsperpackin1993.Inotherdevelopedcountriesthecigarettetaxrateismuchhigherrangingfrom50percentinSwitzerlandto85percentinDenmark.IntheUnitedStatesthefirstdirectactiontochecksmokingwastheregulationofawarningoncigarettepackagesbytheFederalTradeCommission.Thiswarningtookeffectin1964andwasstrengthenedin1969toread:Warning:TheSurgeonGeneralHasDeterminedThatCigaretteSmokingIsDangeroustoYourHealth.In1971allcigaretteadvertisingwasbannedfromradioandtelevisionandcitiesandstatespassedlawsrequiringnonsmokingsectionsinpublicplacesandworkplaces.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasteptocontrolsmoking
Theyhadafarbetteryieldthananyotherfarmmilesawayaroundthisyear.
Theconstructionoftherailwayissaidtohavebeenterminated.
UsingHIVVirustoCureCancer Scientistsareplanningtousehumanimmunodeficiency免疫缺陷virusHIVoneofmankind’smostfearedvirusesasacarrierofgeneswhichcanfightcancerandarangeofdiseasesthatcannotbecured.TheexpertssayHIVhasanalmostperfectabilitytoavoidthebody’simmune免疫的defensesmakingitidealforcarryingreplacementgenesintopatients’bodiesaccordingtotheObserver AteamattheCalifornia-basedSalkInstituteoneoftheworld’sleadingresearchcentersonbiologicalscienceshascreatedaspecialnewbreedofHIVandhasstartednegotiationswiththeU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationFDAtobeginclinicalgenetherapy治疗trialsthisyear.ThefirsttrialsareexpectedtoinvolvepatientssufferingfromcancersthatcannotbecuredbysurgeryalthoughprojectleaderProfessorInderVermasaidtheHIVtechniquewouldhave"farwiderapplications". Theplanremainsverylikelytocausecontroversysinceitinvolvesmakinguseofaviruswhichhascausedmorethan22milliondeathsaroundtheworldinthepasttwodecades.VermasaidthattheideaofusingHIVforabeneficialpurposewas"shocking"butthefiercenatureofHIVhaddisappearedbyhavingallsixofthepotentiallydeadlygenesremoved. Illnessessuchasvariouscancersarecausedwhenageneinapatient’sbodyfailstoworkproperly.Inthepasttwoyearsbreakthroughsingenetics遗传学haveledgenetherapyscientiststotryandreplacethegenesthatdonotfunctionnormally. Unfortunatelythebody’simmunedefenseshavebeenknowntoattackthemodifiedgenesandmakethemlosetheireffectsbeforetheycanstarttheirtaskandprogressinthefieldhasbeenheldupbythelackofasuitablecarrier. TheHIVvirushastheabilitytoescapefromandthendestroytheimmunedefensecellsdesignedtoprotectourbodiesandthismakesitattractivetoscientistsasawayofsecretlyconveyingreplacementgenesintopatients’bodies. Othercountriesarealsoexpectedtobeginclinicalgenetherapytrialssoon.
TalkingtoKidsaboutSARS非典 SchoolagechildrenmaybelearningaboutSARSfromadultsandthemediabutmaynotknowwhattomakeofthesituationsaysanationalhealthcharity. TheLungAssociationsaysparentsshouldtaketimetotalktotheir1andexplainthefactsaboutSARSandhowtoavoidtheillness. Thefollowingisbasedonrecommendations2ThursdaybytheLungAssociation: ▲Askyourchildreniftheyhaveheard3SARSatschoolfromfriendsfromTVetc.Findingoutwhattheyalreadyknowcanbeagood4tostarttheconversationandtoclearawayanywrongideastheymighthaveabouttheillnessandhowitisspread. ▲Schoolagechildrenareusuallyold5tounderstandconceptssuchasgettingsickfromgerms细菌andhowtoavoidillness.Asimplereminder提示6tocoughonpeopleandtowashtheirhandsoftenmaybesufficientforyoungerkids.Allchildrenshouldbeshownhowto7theirhandsproperly. ▲Remembertokeepitsimpleso8nottooverwhelmchildrenwithinformationbutanswerthemtruthfully.Kidscantellwhenyou’renotbeinghonestorifyou’rehidingsomethingandsometimestheunknowncanbemorefrighteningthanthe9.Parentswithanxiouschildrenwillknow10theirkidswillhandleinformationonSARSandcantailortheirdiscussionaccordingly. ▲OnewaytoexplaintheillnessistotellchildrenthatSARSislikeabadbreathingproblem.Itis11fromacoldbutpeoplecancatchitinthesameways--suchascoughingonsomeonenotwashingyourhandsorsharingaglasswithasickperson. ▲DescribehowSARSisspreadbutmentionthatthechanceof12SARSissmall.ThereisnoreasontotellchildrenpeoplearedyingofSARS13theyask.Neverusethethreatofdeathasawaytoremindkidstowashtheirhands. ▲Childrenshouldbe14totrusttheirparentsandothercaregivers.Explainthatmanysmartpeople15doctorsandscientistsareworkingontheproblemandlookingoutforeveryone’shealth. 1.
TalkingtoKidsaboutSARS非典 SchoolagechildrenmaybelearningaboutSARSfromadultsandthemediabutmaynotknowwhattomakeofthesituationsaysanationalhealthcharity. TheLungAssociationsaysparentsshouldtaketimetotalktotheir1andexplainthefactsaboutSARSandhowtoavoidtheillness. Thefollowingisbasedonrecommendations2ThursdaybytheLungAssociation: ▲Askyourchildreniftheyhaveheard3SARSatschoolfromfriendsfromTVetc.Findingoutwhattheyalreadyknowcanbeagood4tostarttheconversationandtoclearawayanywrongideastheymighthaveabouttheillnessandhowitisspread. ▲Schoolagechildrenareusuallyold5tounderstandconceptssuchasgettingsickfromgerms细菌andhowtoavoidillness.Asimplereminder提示6tocoughonpeopleandtowashtheirhandsoftenmaybesufficientforyoungerkids.Allchildrenshouldbeshownhowto7theirhandsproperly. ▲Remembertokeepitsimpleso8nottooverwhelmchildrenwithinformationbutanswerthemtruthfully.Kidscantellwhenyou’renotbeinghonestorifyou’rehidingsomethingandsometimestheunknowncanbemorefrighteningthanthe9.Parentswithanxiouschildrenwillknow10theirkidswillhandleinformationonSARSandcantailortheirdiscussionaccordingly. ▲OnewaytoexplaintheillnessistotellchildrenthatSARSislikeabadbreathingproblem.Itis11fromacoldbutpeoplecancatchitinthesameways--suchascoughingonsomeonenotwashingyourhandsorsharingaglasswithasickperson. ▲DescribehowSARSisspreadbutmentionthatthechanceof12SARSissmall.ThereisnoreasontotellchildrenpeoplearedyingofSARS13theyask.Neverusethethreatofdeathasawaytoremindkidstowashtheirhands. ▲Childrenshouldbe14totrusttheirparentsandothercaregivers.Explainthatmanysmartpeople15doctorsandscientistsareworkingontheproblemandlookingoutforeveryone’shealth. 3.
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