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If wool is put into hot water, it tends to (shrink).
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Dye染料callbringalittlecolourtolifE.Mostclothingisco
Ifwoolissubmergedinhotwaterittendstoshrink.
smell
fade
unravel
contract
You’dbetter______somehotwaterintothebottleincaseth
add
fill
fill in
put
Dye染料canbringalittlecolortolifE.Mostclothingiscolo
You’dbetter______somehotwaterintothebottleincaseth
thegoodsarenowreadyfor
wool
water proof
packing
virus
阅读理解Takethreebasins盆.Fillthefirstbasinwithwaterwhi
Whenyouhaveacoldaheadacheacoughoryoucan’gotosleepw
You’dbetter______somehotwaterintotheteapotincaseth
add
fill
fill in
put
Thegoodsarenowreadyfor．
wool
water proof
packing
Virus
Ifwoolisputintohotwaterittendstoshrink.
disappear
expand
break
contract
Ifwoolissubmergedinhotwaterittendstoshrink.
smell
fade
unravel
contract
Ifyouburnedyourarmonabaresteamlinethemosteffective
wrap the arm in a tight bandage
soak the arm in hot salt water
cover the burn with petroleum jelly
put the burn in cold water
Ifwoolisputintohotwaterittendsto{{U}}shrink{{/U}}.
disappear
expand
break
contract
Thewaterwasveryhotsheputitneartheopenwindowto____f
burst
warm
fade
cool
Itiscommonknowledgethatwashingwoolinhotwaterwillma
change
shrink
slim
dissolve
Dye染料canbringalittlecolortolifE.Mostclothingiscolo
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ???{{B}}Sleeping{{/B}}??Peoplewhosleepformore thaneighthoursanightdonotliveaslongasthosewhosleepforsixhours accordingtothebiggeststudyyetintosleeppatternsandmortality 死亡率.??Scientistshavenoexplanationforthefindingsanddo notknowiftheymeanpeoplewholikealie-in睡懒觉canextendtheirlivesby sleepingless.??Althoughitisacommonbeliefthatsleepingfor atleasteighthoursanightisvitalforhealthandwell-beingthesix-year studyinvolvingmorethan1.1millionAmericansolderthan30foundthatthose whosleptforlessthaneighthourswerefarfromdoingthemselvesanylong-term harm.??Individualswhonowaverage6.5hoursofsleepanight canbereassuredthatthisisasafeamountofsleep.Fromahealthstandpoint thereisnoreasontosleeplongersaidDanielKripkeaprofessorof psychiatry精神病学attheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego.? ?Dr.KripkesaidWedon’tknowiflongsleepperiodsleadtodeath. Additionalstudiesareneededtodetermineifsettingyouralarmclockearlier willactuallyimproveyourhealth.??Thescientistswhowere fundedbytheAmericanCancerSocietyfoundthatthebestsurvivalrateswere amongthemenandwomenwhosleptforsevenhoursanight.Thosewhosleptfor eighthourswere12percentmorelikelytodieduringthesix-yearperiodof thestudywhenotherfactorssuchasdietandsmokingweretakeninto account.??Eventhosewhospentamerefivehoursanightinbed livedlongerthanthosewhosleptforeightormorehours.Howeveran increasingdeathratewasfoundamongthosewhosleptforlessthanfive hours.??Dr.KripkesaidPrevioussleepstudieshaveindicated thatbothshortandlongduration持续时间sleephadhighermortalityrates. Howevernoneofthosestudieswerelargeenoughtodistinguishthedifference betweensevenandeighthoursanightuntil now.AlltheparticipantswerefromthestateofCalifornia.
ASmallEvent OneafternooninJanuary1989SuzanSharp43andher8-year-oldsonDavidwerewalkinghardacrossanicyparkinglotwhenSuzan’’scane手杖slidontheice.She【51】facefistintothemud.David【52】toherside.AreyouallrightMom? 【53】Suzanputherselfup.I’’mokayhoney.shesaid. IthadbeennearlytwoyearssinceSuzanhadtroublewalking.Shewasfallingmore【54】now.Everyinchoficewasa【55】dangerforher.Icoulddosomethingtheboythought. Davidtoowashaving【56】ofhisown.Theboyhadaspeechdefect.Atschoolhe【57】askedquestionsorreadaloud. OnedayDavidsteacherannounceda【58】assignment.Eachofyouisgoingtocomeupwithaninventionshesaid.ThiswasforINVENTAMERICA!anationalcompetitiontoencouragecreativityin【59】.AnideahitDavidoneevening.【60】onlyhismotherscanedidn’tsliponicehethought.That’’sit!Davidrealized. WhatifIfixedyourcanetoanailstretchedoutofthebottom?heaskedhismother.Hismothertoldhim【61】itwouldscratchfloors. Itlookslikeaball-pointpen.Youtakeyourhand【62】thebuttonandthenailreturnsbackup.Hourslaterthecanewasfinished.DavidandhisfatherJeff【63】asSuzanusedittowalk50feetacrossthe【64】. Itworks!shesaid.InJuly1989DavidwasdeclarednationalwinnerattheannualINVENTAMERICA!ceremonyinWashingtonD.C.. AsDavidbegantomake【65】appearanceshewasforcedtocommunicatemoreclearly.TodayDavidisnearlyfreeofhiscanewhichiswaitingtobewidelyused. Sotheboywhooncehadtroubletalkingnowhopestostartmakingcanesforpeoplewhohavetroublewalking.
ASmallEvent OneafternooninJanuary1989SuzanSharp43andher8-year-oldsonDavidwerewalkinghardacrossanicyparkinglotwhenSuzan’’scane手杖slidontheice.She【51】facefistintothemud.David【52】toherside.AreyouallrightMom? 【53】Suzanputherselfup.I’’mokayhoney.shesaid. IthadbeennearlytwoyearssinceSuzanhadtroublewalking.Shewasfallingmore【54】now.Everyinchoficewasa【55】dangerforher.Icoulddosomethingtheboythought. Davidtoowashaving【56】ofhisown.Theboyhadaspeechdefect.Atschoolhe【57】askedquestionsorreadaloud. OnedayDavidsteacherannounceda【58】assignment.Eachofyouisgoingtocomeupwithaninventionshesaid.ThiswasforINVENTAMERICA!anationalcompetitiontoencouragecreativityin【59】.AnideahitDavidoneevening.【60】onlyhismotherscanedidn’tsliponicehethought.That’’sit!Davidrealized. WhatifIfixedyourcanetoanailstretchedoutofthebottom?heaskedhismother.Hismothertoldhim【61】itwouldscratchfloors. Itlookslikeaball-pointpen.Youtakeyourhand【62】thebuttonandthenailreturnsbackup.Hourslaterthecanewasfinished.DavidandhisfatherJeff【63】asSuzanusedittowalk50feetacrossthe【64】. Itworks!shesaid.InJuly1989DavidwasdeclarednationalwinnerattheannualINVENTAMERICA!ceremonyinWashingtonD.C.. AsDavidbegantomake【65】appearanceshewasforcedtocommunicatemoreclearly.TodayDavidisnearlyfreeofhiscanewhichiswaitingtobewidelyused. Sotheboywhooncehadtroubletalkingnowhopestostartmakingcanesforpeoplewhohavetroublewalking.
Cancer ThepopularTVvariety-showhostwasgrimbutcalm.Hefacedthecamerasandsaidbluntly:Ihavecancer. MasatakaItsumi’’sdisclosuremaybethelatestsignthattheshameassociatedwithcancerisfinallybreakingdowninacountrywhereunliketheUnitedSatesthetopichastraditionallybeentaboo. Canceristhecountry’’sNo.1killerchainingmorethan230000livesayear.Despitethenumberofpeopleaffectedthesubjecthaslongbeenconcealedinsecrecyandsilence. AsaruleJapanesearereluctanttotellanyoneotherthanfamilyiftheyhavecancer.Anddoctorsoftenlietopatientsaboutacancerdiagnosisfearingtheywouldbedepressedandweakenedbythetruth.Pollsindicatethatmostpeoplewouldprefertobetoldiftheyhavecancer.Buthealthauthoritieshaveestimatedasfewasoneinfivecancerpatientsisgivenatruthfuldiagnosis.Thepatientisveryafraidtohearofhavingcancersomanydoctorsjustdon’ttellsaidonedoctor.Butifwedon’ttellthetruthit’’sbadfortherelationshipbetweendoctorandpatient.SoIthinkthisisbeginningtochange.HesaidhebelievedtheintensepublicinterestintheItsumicasereflectedpent-upcuriosityandconcernaboutthesubject. Thereareothersignsofgreateropennessinconfrontingcancer.Supportgroupsforcancervictimsonceunknownhavesprungup.Theplotofarecentfilmrevolvedaroundamanwithcancer.Anunusuallypowerfultelevisionadvertisementappealingforbone-marrowdonationsfeaturesayoungwomanwhohassincediedofleukemia. Butsecrecyaboutcancerisstillcommon.InJapanseriousillnessisconsideredembarrassing.Peopleworryaboutcausingsufferingandexpensefortheirfamiliesordiscomfortingtheircolleagues.Itsumiinfactbeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizing. Otherfactorscontributetothetabooontalkaboutcancer.Thereisaculturaltendencytowardrestraintondiscussingpersonalmattersandstoicisminfacingproblems.Evenifpatientssensesomethingisverywrongdespiteagooddiagnosismostdonotpresstheirdoctorsorseekasecondopinion.Doctorsaregranteddeeprespectinasocietythatdiscouragesquestioningauthority. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftheJapanese?
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1346段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ?????????{{B}}Geologyand Health{{/B}}1.Theimportanceofparticularmetalsinthehumandiethasbeen realisedwithinthepastfewdecadesandtheideathatgeologymightberelated tohealthhasbeenrecognizedforanumberofelementssuchasiodinezincand selenium.Forexamplesoilswithlowiodinecontentsproducecropsandanimals deficientiniodine.Alackofiodineinthehumandietleadstosomeserious diseases.2.Theultimatesourceofmetalswithinthehumanbodyisrocks whichweatherintosoilgainingorlosingsomeoftheirchemicalconstituents. Thecropsweeatselectivelyremovefromthesoiltheelementsthattheyrequire forgrowth.Thewaterwedrinkcontainstraceelementsleachedfromrockand soil.Thusthegeologyandgeochemistryoftheenvironmenthaveeffectsonthe chemistryandhealthofplantsanimalsandpeople.3.Sofarthereisno datatosuggestthatpeoplelivingonmetal-richsoilsexperienceapotential healthhazard.Thelevelsofmetalswithinnaturallycontaminatedsoilsare generallynothighenoughtocauseserioushealthproblems.Livingonmetal-rich soilsdoesnotrepresentahealthriskunlesslargequantitiesofsoilare digestedormetal-richdustisinhaled.Howeversmallchildrenareparticularly exposedtometal-richdusttopsoilinplaygroundsandgardens.Theyarealsothe mostlikelyonestoeatpotentiallydangerousmetal-richsoil.4.Heavy metalsarepersistent:theydonotbreakdowntootherchemicalsinthe environment.Industriallypollutedsitesusuallyundergointensiveclean-upand rehabilitationbecauseheavymetalsareahealthconcernoncetheyenterthe foodchain.Sometracemetalsareallegedtocausecancerandarealsoknownto causepoisoning.5.Incontrastnaturallycontaminatedsoilshavenotbeen subjecttoriskassessmentstudiesandrehabilitationmeasuresdespitethefact thattheyfrequentlypossessmetalconcentrationswellabovethoseofsuch pollutedbyhumansandaboveenvironmentalqualitycriteria.6.Thereisa vitalneedtounderstandthepotentialrisksandlong-termhealtheffectsof livingonnaturallycontaminatedsoils.Futureenvironmentalinvestigationsof naturallypollutedsoilsshouldconcentrateonthepotentialpathwaysofmetals intothefoodchainandhumanbody.Geologistsshouldbepartofsuchstudiesas theycanprovidetheessentialbackgroundinformationonrockandsoilchemistry aswellasthechemicalformsofheavymetalpollution.Paragraph1______
HowtoBeaNurse Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalemployees.Fromtheviewpointofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallydedicated.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Underthesupervisionoftheheadnursethenursingstaffmustprovidenursingservicesona24-hourbasisandattendtopatients’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeightinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotatetheirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenurses’station. Anursemustalwaysbealert.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Servingasanursecanbeaveryrewardingjob.Butitisnotaneasyone.Noteverypersonissuitedtobecomeanurse.Onlyverydedicatedpeoplehavechosennursingasaprofession. Whydon’tnursesstudyforasmanyyearsasdoctors?
Biotechnology Biotechnologyinoneformoranotherhasflourishedsinceprehistorictimes.Whenthefirsthumanbeingsrealizedthattheycouldplanttheirowncropsandbreedtheirownanimalstheylearnedtousebiotechnology.Thediscoverythatfruitjuicesfermented发酵inwineorthatmilkcouldbeconvertedintocheeseoryogurt酸乳酶orthatbeercouldbemadebyfermentingsolutionsofmalt麦芽andhops啤酒花beganthestudyofbiotechnology.Whenthefirstbakersfoundthattheycouldmakeasoftspongy多乳的breadratherthanafirmthincrackertheywe’’reactingasfledgling缺乏经验的biotechnologists.Thefirstanimalbreedersrealizingthatdifferentphysicaltraitscouldbeeithermagnifiedorlostbymatingappropriatepairsofanimalsengagedinthemanipulationsofbiotechnology. Whatthenisbiotechnology?Thetermbringstominddifferentthings.Somethinkofdevelopingnewtypesofanimals.Othersdreamofalmostunlimitedsourcesofhumantherapeutic治疗的drugs.Stillothersenvision想象thepossibilityofgrowingcropsthataremorenutritious有养分的andnaturallypest-resistant有抵抗力的tofeedarapidlygrowingworldpopulation.Thisquestionelicits引发almostasmanyfirst-thoughtresponsesastherearepeopletowhomthequestioncanbeposed.Initspurestformthetermbiotechnologyreferstotheuseoflivingorganismsortheirproductstomodifyhumanhealthandthehumanenvironment.Prehistoricbiotechnologistsdidthisastheyusedyeastcellstoraisebreaddough生面团andtofermentalcoholicbeveragesandbacterialcellstomakecheesesandyogurtsandastheybredtheirstrongproductiveanimalstomakeevenstrongerandmoreproductiveoffspring.Throughouthumanhistorywehavelearnedagreatdealaboutthedifferentorganismsthatourancestorsusedsoeffectively.Themarkedincreaseinourunderstandingoftheseorganismsandtheircellproductsgainsustheabilitytocontrolthemanyfunctionsofvariouscellsandorganisms.Usingthetechniquesofgenesplicing叠接andrecombineDNAtechnologywecannowactuallycombinethegeneticelementsoftwoormorelivingcells.FunctioninglengthsofDNAcanbetakenfromoneorganismandplacedintothecellsofanotherorganism.Asaresultforexamplewecancausebacterialcellstoproducehumanmoleculescowscanproducemoremilkorthesameamountoffeedandwecansynthesizetherapeuticmoleculesthathaveneverbeforeexisted. Biotechnologyenablesus______.
Themostimportant{{U}}result{{/U}}oftheLewisandClarkexpeditionwasthatitenabledtheUnitedStatestoclaimtheOregonregion.
Cancer ThepopularTVvariety-showhostwasgrimbutcalm.Hefacedthecamerasandsaidbluntly:Ihavecancer. MasatakaItsumi’’sdisclosuremaybethelatestsignthattheshameassociatedwithcancerisfinallybreakingdowninacountrywhereunliketheUnitedSatesthetopichastraditionallybeentaboo. Canceristhecountry’’sNo.1killerchainingmorethan230000livesayear.Despitethenumberofpeopleaffectedthesubjecthaslongbeenconcealedinsecrecyandsilence. AsaruleJapanesearereluctanttotellanyoneotherthanfamilyiftheyhavecancer.Anddoctorsoftenlietopatientsaboutacancerdiagnosisfearingtheywouldbedepressedandweakenedbythetruth.Pollsindicatethatmostpeoplewouldprefertobetoldiftheyhavecancer.Buthealthauthoritieshaveestimatedasfewasoneinfivecancerpatientsisgivenatruthfuldiagnosis.Thepatientisveryafraidtohearofhavingcancersomanydoctorsjustdon’ttellsaidonedoctor.Butifwedon’ttellthetruthit’’sbadfortherelationshipbetweendoctorandpatient.SoIthinkthisisbeginningtochange.HesaidhebelievedtheintensepublicinterestintheItsumicasereflectedpent-upcuriosityandconcernaboutthesubject. Thereareothersignsofgreateropennessinconfrontingcancer.Supportgroupsforcancervictimsonceunknownhavesprungup.Theplotofarecentfilmrevolvedaroundamanwithcancer.Anunusuallypowerfultelevisionadvertisementappealingforbone-marrowdonationsfeaturesayoungwomanwhohassincediedofleukemia. Butsecrecyaboutcancerisstillcommon.InJapanseriousillnessisconsideredembarrassing.Peopleworryaboutcausingsufferingandexpensefortheirfamiliesordiscomfortingtheircolleagues.Itsumiinfactbeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizing. Otherfactorscontributetothetabooontalkaboutcancer.Thereisaculturaltendencytowardrestraintondiscussingpersonalmattersandstoicisminfacingproblems.Evenifpatientssensesomethingisverywrongdespiteagooddiagnosismostdonotpresstheirdoctorsorseekasecondopinion.Doctorsaregranteddeeprespectinasocietythatdiscouragesquestioningauthority. Thepassageimpliesthat______.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1346段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ?????????{{B}}Geologyand Health{{/B}}1.Theimportanceofparticularmetalsinthehumandiethasbeen realisedwithinthepastfewdecadesandtheideathatgeologymightberelated tohealthhasbeenrecognizedforanumberofelementssuchasiodinezincand selenium.Forexamplesoilswithlowiodinecontentsproducecropsandanimals deficientiniodine.Alackofiodineinthehumandietleadstosomeserious diseases.2.Theultimatesourceofmetalswithinthehumanbodyisrocks whichweatherintosoilgainingorlosingsomeoftheirchemicalconstituents. Thecropsweeatselectivelyremovefromthesoiltheelementsthattheyrequire forgrowth.Thewaterwedrinkcontainstraceelementsleachedfromrockand soil.Thusthegeologyandgeochemistryoftheenvironmenthaveeffectsonthe chemistryandhealthofplantsanimalsandpeople.3.Sofarthereisno datatosuggestthatpeoplelivingonmetal-richsoilsexperienceapotential healthhazard.Thelevelsofmetalswithinnaturallycontaminatedsoilsare generallynothighenoughtocauseserioushealthproblems.Livingonmetal-rich soilsdoesnotrepresentahealthriskunlesslargequantitiesofsoilare digestedormetal-richdustisinhaled.Howeversmallchildrenareparticularly exposedtometal-richdusttopsoilinplaygroundsandgardens.Theyarealsothe mostlikelyonestoeatpotentiallydangerousmetal-richsoil.4.Heavy metalsarepersistent:theydonotbreakdowntootherchemicalsinthe environment.Industriallypollutedsitesusuallyundergointensiveclean-upand rehabilitationbecauseheavymetalsareahealthconcernoncetheyenterthe foodchain.Sometracemetalsareallegedtocausecancerandarealsoknownto causepoisoning.5.Incontrastnaturallycontaminatedsoilshavenotbeen subjecttoriskassessmentstudiesandrehabilitationmeasuresdespitethefact thattheyfrequentlypossessmetalconcentrationswellabovethoseofsuch pollutedbyhumansandaboveenvironmentalqualitycriteria.6.Thereisa vitalneedtounderstandthepotentialrisksandlong-termhealtheffectsof livingonnaturallycontaminatedsoils.Futureenvironmentalinvestigationsof naturallypollutedsoilsshouldconcentrateonthepotentialpathwaysofmetals intothefoodchainandhumanbody.Geologistsshouldbepartofsuchstudiesas theycanprovidetheessentialbackgroundinformationonrockandsoilchemistry aswellasthechemicalformsofheavymetalpollution.Paragraph4______
Duringthe1840’sDorotheaDixwasaleaderinthemovementforthe{{U}}reform{{/U}}ofprisonconditions.
ASmallEvent OneafternooninJanuary1989SuzanSharp43andher8-year-oldsonDavidwerewalkinghardacrossanicyparkinglotwhenSuzan’’scane手杖slidontheice.She【51】facefistintothemud.David【52】toherside.AreyouallrightMom? 【53】Suzanputherselfup.I’’mokayhoney.shesaid. IthadbeennearlytwoyearssinceSuzanhadtroublewalking.Shewasfallingmore【54】now.Everyinchoficewasa【55】dangerforher.Icoulddosomethingtheboythought. Davidtoowashaving【56】ofhisown.Theboyhadaspeechdefect.Atschoolhe【57】askedquestionsorreadaloud. OnedayDavidsteacherannounceda【58】assignment.Eachofyouisgoingtocomeupwithaninventionshesaid.ThiswasforINVENTAMERICA!anationalcompetitiontoencouragecreativityin【59】.AnideahitDavidoneevening.【60】onlyhismotherscanedidn’tsliponicehethought.That’’sit!Davidrealized. WhatifIfixedyourcanetoanailstretchedoutofthebottom?heaskedhismother.Hismothertoldhim【61】itwouldscratchfloors. Itlookslikeaball-pointpen.Youtakeyourhand【62】thebuttonandthenailreturnsbackup.Hourslaterthecanewasfinished.DavidandhisfatherJeff【63】asSuzanusedittowalk50feetacrossthe【64】. Itworks!shesaid.InJuly1989DavidwasdeclarednationalwinnerattheannualINVENTAMERICA!ceremonyinWashingtonD.C.. AsDavidbegantomake【65】appearanceshewasforcedtocommunicatemoreclearly.TodayDavidisnearlyfreeofhiscanewhichiswaitingtobewidelyused. Sotheboywhooncehadtroubletalkingnowhopestostartmakingcanesforpeoplewhohavetroublewalking.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1346段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ?????????{{B}}Geologyand Health{{/B}}1.Theimportanceofparticularmetalsinthehumandiethasbeen realisedwithinthepastfewdecadesandtheideathatgeologymightberelated tohealthhasbeenrecognizedforanumberofelementssuchasiodinezincand selenium.Forexamplesoilswithlowiodinecontentsproducecropsandanimals deficientiniodine.Alackofiodineinthehumandietleadstosomeserious diseases.2.Theultimatesourceofmetalswithinthehumanbodyisrocks whichweatherintosoilgainingorlosingsomeoftheirchemicalconstituents. Thecropsweeatselectivelyremovefromthesoiltheelementsthattheyrequire forgrowth.Thewaterwedrinkcontainstraceelementsleachedfromrockand soil.Thusthegeologyandgeochemistryoftheenvironmenthaveeffectsonthe chemistryandhealthofplantsanimalsandpeople.3.Sofarthereisno datatosuggestthatpeoplelivingonmetal-richsoilsexperienceapotential healthhazard.Thelevelsofmetalswithinnaturallycontaminatedsoilsare generallynothighenoughtocauseserioushealthproblems.Livingonmetal-rich soilsdoesnotrepresentahealthriskunlesslargequantitiesofsoilare digestedormetal-richdustisinhaled.Howeversmallchildrenareparticularly exposedtometal-richdusttopsoilinplaygroundsandgardens.Theyarealsothe mostlikelyonestoeatpotentiallydangerousmetal-richsoil.4.Heavy metalsarepersistent:theydonotbreakdowntootherchemicalsinthe environment.Industriallypollutedsitesusuallyundergointensiveclean-upand rehabilitationbecauseheavymetalsareahealthconcernoncetheyenterthe foodchain.Sometracemetalsareallegedtocausecancerandarealsoknownto causepoisoning.5.Incontrastnaturallycontaminatedsoilshavenotbeen subjecttoriskassessmentstudiesandrehabilitationmeasuresdespitethefact thattheyfrequentlypossessmetalconcentrationswellabovethoseofsuch pollutedbyhumansandaboveenvironmentalqualitycriteria.6.Thereisa vitalneedtounderstandthepotentialrisksandlong-termhealtheffectsof livingonnaturallycontaminatedsoils.Futureenvironmentalinvestigationsof naturallypollutedsoilsshouldconcentrateonthepotentialpathwaysofmetals intothefoodchainandhumanbody.Geologistsshouldbepartofsuchstudiesas theycanprovidetheessentialbackgroundinformationonrockandsoilchemistry aswellasthechemicalformsofheavymetalpollution.Someseriousdiseasesisconnectedwithdeficiencyof______.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ???{{B}}Sleeping{{/B}}??Peoplewhosleepformore thaneighthoursanightdonotliveaslongasthosewhosleepforsixhours accordingtothebiggeststudyyetintosleeppatternsandmortality 死亡率.??Scientistshavenoexplanationforthefindingsanddo notknowiftheymeanpeoplewholikealie-in睡懒觉canextendtheirlivesby sleepingless.??Althoughitisacommonbeliefthatsleepingfor atleasteighthoursanightisvitalforhealthandwell-beingthesix-year studyinvolvingmorethan1.1millionAmericansolderthan30foundthatthose whosleptforlessthaneighthourswerefarfromdoingthemselvesanylong-term harm.??Individualswhonowaverage6.5hoursofsleepanight canbereassuredthatthisisasafeamountofsleep.Fromahealthstandpoint thereisnoreasontosleeplongersaidDanielKripkeaprofessorof psychiatry精神病学attheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego.? ?Dr.KripkesaidWedon’tknowiflongsleepperiodsleadtodeath. Additionalstudiesareneededtodetermineifsettingyouralarmclockearlier willactuallyimproveyourhealth.??Thescientistswhowere fundedbytheAmericanCancerSocietyfoundthatthebestsurvivalrateswere amongthemenandwomenwhosleptforsevenhoursanight.Thosewhosleptfor eighthourswere12percentmorelikelytodieduringthesix-yearperiodof thestudywhenotherfactorssuchasdietandsmokingweretakeninto account.??Eventhosewhospentamerefivehoursanightinbed livedlongerthanthosewhosleptforeightormorehours.Howeveran increasingdeathratewasfoundamongthosewhosleptforlessthanfive hours.??Dr.KripkesaidPrevioussleepstudieshaveindicated thatbothshortandlongduration持续时间sleephadhighermortalityrates. Howevernoneofthosestudieswerelargeenoughtodistinguishthedifference betweensevenandeighthoursanightuntil now.Thefindingsindicatethatitisallrighttosleepfor6.5hoursanight.
ASmallEvent OneafternooninJanuary1989SuzanSharp43andher8-year-oldsonDavidwerewalkinghardacrossanicyparkinglotwhenSuzan’’scane手杖slidontheice.She【51】facefistintothemud.David【52】toherside.AreyouallrightMom? 【53】Suzanputherselfup.I’’mokayhoney.shesaid. IthadbeennearlytwoyearssinceSuzanhadtroublewalking.Shewasfallingmore【54】now.Everyinchoficewasa【55】dangerforher.Icoulddosomethingtheboythought. Davidtoowashaving【56】ofhisown.Theboyhadaspeechdefect.Atschoolhe【57】askedquestionsorreadaloud. OnedayDavidsteacherannounceda【58】assignment.Eachofyouisgoingtocomeupwithaninventionshesaid.ThiswasforINVENTAMERICA!anationalcompetitiontoencouragecreativityin【59】.AnideahitDavidoneevening.【60】onlyhismotherscanedidn’tsliponicehethought.That’’sit!Davidrealized. WhatifIfixedyourcanetoanailstretchedoutofthebottom?heaskedhismother.Hismothertoldhim【61】itwouldscratchfloors. Itlookslikeaball-pointpen.Youtakeyourhand【62】thebuttonandthenailreturnsbackup.Hourslaterthecanewasfinished.DavidandhisfatherJeff【63】asSuzanusedittowalk50feetacrossthe【64】. Itworks!shesaid.InJuly1989DavidwasdeclarednationalwinnerattheannualINVENTAMERICA!ceremonyinWashingtonD.C.. AsDavidbegantomake【65】appearanceshewasforcedtocommunicatemoreclearly.TodayDavidisnearlyfreeofhiscanewhichiswaitingtobewidelyused. Sotheboywhooncehadtroubletalkingnowhopestostartmakingcanesforpeoplewhohavetroublewalking.
Thepolar{{U}}regions{{/U}}aregenerallycoveredwithiceandsnow.
Cancer ThepopularTVvariety-showhostwasgrimbutcalm.Hefacedthecamerasandsaidbluntly:Ihavecancer. MasatakaItsumi’’sdisclosuremaybethelatestsignthattheshameassociatedwithcancerisfinallybreakingdowninacountrywhereunliketheUnitedSatesthetopichastraditionallybeentaboo. Canceristhecountry’’sNo.1killerchainingmorethan230000livesayear.Despitethenumberofpeopleaffectedthesubjecthaslongbeenconcealedinsecrecyandsilence. AsaruleJapanesearereluctanttotellanyoneotherthanfamilyiftheyhavecancer.Anddoctorsoftenlietopatientsaboutacancerdiagnosisfearingtheywouldbedepressedandweakenedbythetruth.Pollsindicatethatmostpeoplewouldprefertobetoldiftheyhavecancer.Buthealthauthoritieshaveestimatedasfewasoneinfivecancerpatientsisgivenatruthfuldiagnosis.Thepatientisveryafraidtohearofhavingcancersomanydoctorsjustdon’ttellsaidonedoctor.Butifwedon’ttellthetruthit’’sbadfortherelationshipbetweendoctorandpatient.SoIthinkthisisbeginningtochange.HesaidhebelievedtheintensepublicinterestintheItsumicasereflectedpent-upcuriosityandconcernaboutthesubject. Thereareothersignsofgreateropennessinconfrontingcancer.Supportgroupsforcancervictimsonceunknownhavesprungup.Theplotofarecentfilmrevolvedaroundamanwithcancer.Anunusuallypowerfultelevisionadvertisementappealingforbone-marrowdonationsfeaturesayoungwomanwhohassincediedofleukemia. Butsecrecyaboutcancerisstillcommon.InJapanseriousillnessisconsideredembarrassing.Peopleworryaboutcausingsufferingandexpensefortheirfamiliesordiscomfortingtheircolleagues.Itsumiinfactbeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizing. Otherfactorscontributetothetabooontalkaboutcancer.Thereisaculturaltendencytowardrestraintondiscussingpersonalmattersandstoicisminfacingproblems.Evenifpatientssensesomethingisverywrongdespiteagooddiagnosismostdonotpresstheirdoctorsorseekasecondopinion.Doctorsaregranteddeeprespectinasocietythatdiscouragesquestioningauthority. MasatakaItsumibeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizingbecause______.
ASmallEvent OneafternooninJanuary1989SuzanSharp43andher8-year-oldsonDavidwerewalkinghardacrossanicyparkinglotwhenSuzan’’scane手杖slidontheice.She【51】facefistintothemud.David【52】toherside.AreyouallrightMom? 【53】Suzanputherselfup.I’’mokayhoney.shesaid. IthadbeennearlytwoyearssinceSuzanhadtroublewalking.Shewasfallingmore【54】now.Everyinchoficewasa【55】dangerforher.Icoulddosomethingtheboythought. Davidtoowashaving【56】ofhisown.Theboyhadaspeechdefect.Atschoolhe【57】askedquestionsorreadaloud. OnedayDavidsteacherannounceda【58】assignment.Eachofyouisgoingtocomeupwithaninventionshesaid.ThiswasforINVENTAMERICA!anationalcompetitiontoencouragecreativityin【59】.AnideahitDavidoneevening.【60】onlyhismotherscanedidn’tsliponicehethought.That’’sit!Davidrealized. WhatifIfixedyourcanetoanailstretchedoutofthebottom?heaskedhismother.Hismothertoldhim【61】itwouldscratchfloors. Itlookslikeaball-pointpen.Youtakeyourhand【62】thebuttonandthenailreturnsbackup.Hourslaterthecanewasfinished.DavidandhisfatherJeff【63】asSuzanusedittowalk50feetacrossthe【64】. Itworks!shesaid.InJuly1989DavidwasdeclarednationalwinnerattheannualINVENTAMERICA!ceremonyinWashingtonD.C.. AsDavidbegantomake【65】appearanceshewasforcedtocommunicatemoreclearly.TodayDavidisnearlyfreeofhiscanewhichiswaitingtobewidelyused. Sotheboywhooncehadtroubletalkingnowhopestostartmakingcanesforpeoplewhohavetroublewalking.
ASmallEvent OneafternooninJanuary1989SuzanSharp43andher8-year-oldsonDavidwerewalkinghardacrossanicyparkinglotwhenSuzan’’scane手杖slidontheice.She【51】facefistintothemud.David【52】toherside.AreyouallrightMom? 【53】Suzanputherselfup.I’’mokayhoney.shesaid. IthadbeennearlytwoyearssinceSuzanhadtroublewalking.Shewasfallingmore【54】now.Everyinchoficewasa【55】dangerforher.Icoulddosomethingtheboythought. Davidtoowashaving【56】ofhisown.Theboyhadaspeechdefect.Atschoolhe【57】askedquestionsorreadaloud. OnedayDavidsteacherannounceda【58】assignment.Eachofyouisgoingtocomeupwithaninventionshesaid.ThiswasforINVENTAMERICA!anationalcompetitiontoencouragecreativityin【59】.AnideahitDavidoneevening.【60】onlyhismotherscanedidn’tsliponicehethought.That’’sit!Davidrealized. WhatifIfixedyourcanetoanailstretchedoutofthebottom?heaskedhismother.Hismothertoldhim【61】itwouldscratchfloors. Itlookslikeaball-pointpen.Youtakeyourhand【62】thebuttonandthenailreturnsbackup.Hourslaterthecanewasfinished.DavidandhisfatherJeff【63】asSuzanusedittowalk50feetacrossthe【64】. Itworks!shesaid.InJuly1989DavidwasdeclarednationalwinnerattheannualINVENTAMERICA!ceremonyinWashingtonD.C.. AsDavidbegantomake【65】appearanceshewasforcedtocommunicatemoreclearly.TodayDavidisnearlyfreeofhiscanewhichiswaitingtobewidelyused. Sotheboywhooncehadtroubletalkingnowhopestostartmakingcanesforpeoplewhohavetroublewalking.
By1900manymunicipalitieshadbegunto{{U}}restrict{{/U}}theuseofautomobilesinordertoen-surepedestriansafety.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ???{{B}}Sleeping{{/B}}??Peoplewhosleepformore thaneighthoursanightdonotliveaslongasthosewhosleepforsixhours accordingtothebiggeststudyyetintosleeppatternsandmortality 死亡率.??Scientistshavenoexplanationforthefindingsanddo notknowiftheymeanpeoplewholikealie-in睡懒觉canextendtheirlivesby sleepingless.??Althoughitisacommonbeliefthatsleepingfor atleasteighthoursanightisvitalforhealthandwell-beingthesix-year studyinvolvingmorethan1.1millionAmericansolderthan30foundthatthose whosleptforlessthaneighthourswerefarfromdoingthemselvesanylong-term harm.??Individualswhonowaverage6.5hoursofsleepanight canbereassuredthatthisisasafeamountofsleep.Fromahealthstandpoint thereisnoreasontosleeplongersaidDanielKripkeaprofessorof psychiatry精神病学attheUniversityofCaliforniaSanDiego.? ?Dr.KripkesaidWedon’tknowiflongsleepperiodsleadtodeath. Additionalstudiesareneededtodetermineifsettingyouralarmclockearlier willactuallyimproveyourhealth.??Thescientistswhowere fundedbytheAmericanCancerSocietyfoundthatthebestsurvivalrateswere amongthemenandwomenwhosleptforsevenhoursanight.Thosewhosleptfor eighthourswere12percentmorelikelytodieduringthesix-yearperiodof thestudywhenotherfactorssuchasdietandsmokingweretakeninto account.??Eventhosewhospentamerefivehoursanightinbed livedlongerthanthosewhosleptforeightormorehours.Howeveran increasingdeathratewasfoundamongthosewhosleptforlessthanfive hours.??Dr.KripkesaidPrevioussleepstudieshaveindicated thatbothshortandlongduration持续时间sleephadhighermortalityrates. Howevernoneofthosestudieswerelargeenoughtodistinguishthedifference betweensevenandeighthoursanightuntil now.Sleepingforlessthan5hourseachnightisbetterthansleepingfor5hours.
Anexpertinanyfieldmaybedefinedasapersonwhopossessesspecializedskillsandiscapableof{{U}}rendering{{/U}}verycompetentservices.
Itisnotpossibleforpeopleto{{U}}remember{{/U}}everthingthattheyhavethought.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1346段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ?????????{{B}}Geologyand Health{{/B}}1.Theimportanceofparticularmetalsinthehumandiethasbeen realisedwithinthepastfewdecadesandtheideathatgeologymightberelated tohealthhasbeenrecognizedforanumberofelementssuchasiodinezincand selenium.Forexamplesoilswithlowiodinecontentsproducecropsandanimals deficientiniodine.Alackofiodineinthehumandietleadstosomeserious diseases.2.Theultimatesourceofmetalswithinthehumanbodyisrocks whichweatherintosoilgainingorlosingsomeoftheirchemicalconstituents. Thecropsweeatselectivelyremovefromthesoiltheelementsthattheyrequire forgrowth.Thewaterwedrinkcontainstraceelementsleachedfromrockand soil.Thusthegeologyandgeochemistryoftheenvironmenthaveeffectsonthe chemistryandhealthofplantsanimalsandpeople.3.Sofarthereisno datatosuggestthatpeoplelivingonmetal-richsoilsexperienceapotential healthhazard.Thelevelsofmetalswithinnaturallycontaminatedsoilsare generallynothighenoughtocauseserioushealthproblems.Livingonmetal-rich soilsdoesnotrepresentahealthriskunlesslargequantitiesofsoilare digestedormetal-richdustisinhaled.Howeversmallchildrenareparticularly exposedtometal-richdusttopsoilinplaygroundsandgardens.Theyarealsothe mostlikelyonestoeatpotentiallydangerousmetal-richsoil.4.Heavy metalsarepersistent:theydonotbreakdowntootherchemicalsinthe environment.Industriallypollutedsitesusuallyundergointensiveclean-upand rehabilitationbecauseheavymetalsareahealthconcernoncetheyenterthe foodchain.Sometracemetalsareallegedtocausecancerandarealsoknownto causepoisoning.5.Incontrastnaturallycontaminatedsoilshavenotbeen subjecttoriskassessmentstudiesandrehabilitationmeasuresdespitethefact thattheyfrequentlypossessmetalconcentrationswellabovethoseofsuch pollutedbyhumansandaboveenvironmentalqualitycriteria.6.Thereisa vitalneedtounderstandthepotentialrisksandlong-termhealtheffectsof livingonnaturallycontaminatedsoils.Futureenvironmentalinvestigationsof naturallypollutedsoilsshouldconcentrateonthepotentialpathwaysofmetals intothefoodchainandhumanbody.Geologistsshouldbepartofsuchstudiesas theycanprovidetheessentialbackgroundinformationonrockandsoilchemistry aswellasthechemicalformsofheavymetalpollution.Geologistsareindispensableintheresearchprojectongeologyandhealthduetotheirknowledgeon______.
Biotechnology Biotechnologyinoneformoranotherhasflourishedsinceprehistorictimes.Whenthefirsthumanbeingsrealizedthattheycouldplanttheirowncropsandbreedtheirownanimalstheylearnedtousebiotechnology.Thediscoverythatfruitjuicesfermented发酵inwineorthatmilkcouldbeconvertedintocheeseoryogurt酸乳酶orthatbeercouldbemadebyfermentingsolutionsofmalt麦芽andhops啤酒花beganthestudyofbiotechnology.Whenthefirstbakersfoundthattheycouldmakeasoftspongy多乳的breadratherthanafirmthincrackertheywe’’reactingasfledgling缺乏经验的biotechnologists.Thefirstanimalbreedersrealizingthatdifferentphysicaltraitscouldbeeithermagnifiedorlostbymatingappropriatepairsofanimalsengagedinthemanipulationsofbiotechnology. Whatthenisbiotechnology?Thetermbringstominddifferentthings.Somethinkofdevelopingnewtypesofanimals.Othersdreamofalmostunlimitedsourcesofhumantherapeutic治疗的drugs.Stillothersenvision想象thepossibilityofgrowingcropsthataremorenutritious有养分的andnaturallypest-resistant有抵抗力的tofeedarapidlygrowingworldpopulation.Thisquestionelicits引发almostasmanyfirst-thoughtresponsesastherearepeopletowhomthequestioncanbeposed.Initspurestformthetermbiotechnologyreferstotheuseoflivingorganismsortheirproductstomodifyhumanhealthandthehumanenvironment.Prehistoricbiotechnologistsdidthisastheyusedyeastcellstoraisebreaddough生面团andtofermentalcoholicbeveragesandbacterialcellstomakecheesesandyogurtsandastheybredtheirstrongproductiveanimalstomakeevenstrongerandmoreproductiveoffspring.Throughouthumanhistorywehavelearnedagreatdealaboutthedifferentorganismsthatourancestorsusedsoeffectively.Themarkedincreaseinourunderstandingoftheseorganismsandtheircellproductsgainsustheabilitytocontrolthemanyfunctionsofvariouscellsandorganisms.Usingthetechniquesofgenesplicing叠接andrecombineDNAtechnologywecannowactuallycombinethegeneticelementsoftwoormorelivingcells.FunctioninglengthsofDNAcanbetakenfromoneorganismandplacedintothecellsofanotherorganism.Asaresultforexamplewecancausebacterialcellstoproducehumanmoleculescowscanproducemoremilkorthesameamountoffeedandwecansynthesizetherapeuticmoleculesthathaveneverbeforeexisted. Thetermbiotechnologymaybringdifferentthingstomindexcept______.
ASmallEvent OneafternooninJanuary1989SuzanSharp43andher8-year-oldsonDavidwerewalkinghardacrossanicyparkinglotwhenSuzan’’scane手杖slidontheice.She【51】facefistintothemud.David【52】toherside.AreyouallrightMom? 【53】Suzanputherselfup.I’’mokayhoney.shesaid. IthadbeennearlytwoyearssinceSuzanhadtroublewalking.Shewasfallingmore【54】now.Everyinchoficewasa【55】dangerforher.Icoulddosomethingtheboythought. Davidtoowashaving【56】ofhisown.Theboyhadaspeechdefect.Atschoolhe【57】askedquestionsorreadaloud. OnedayDavidsteacherannounceda【58】assignment.Eachofyouisgoingtocomeupwithaninventionshesaid.ThiswasforINVENTAMERICA!anationalcompetitiontoencouragecreativityin【59】.AnideahitDavidoneevening.【60】onlyhismotherscanedidn’tsliponicehethought.That’’sit!Davidrealized. WhatifIfixedyourcanetoanailstretchedoutofthebottom?heaskedhismother.Hismothertoldhim【61】itwouldscratchfloors. Itlookslikeaball-pointpen.Youtakeyourhand【62】thebuttonandthenailreturnsbackup.Hourslaterthecanewasfinished.DavidandhisfatherJeff【63】asSuzanusedittowalk50feetacrossthe【64】. Itworks!shesaid.InJuly1989DavidwasdeclarednationalwinnerattheannualINVENTAMERICA!ceremonyinWashingtonD.C.. AsDavidbegantomake【65】appearanceshewasforcedtocommunicatemoreclearly.TodayDavidisnearlyfreeofhiscanewhichiswaitingtobewidelyused. Sotheboywhooncehadtroubletalkingnowhopestostartmakingcanesforpeoplewhohavetroublewalking.
Overthirtycitiesaroundtheworldboastmorethanfivemillion{{U}}residents.{{/U}}
Biotechnology Biotechnologyinoneformoranotherhasflourishedsinceprehistorictimes.Whenthefirsthumanbeingsrealizedthattheycouldplanttheirowncropsandbreedtheirownanimalstheylearnedtousebiotechnology.Thediscoverythatfruitjuicesfermented发酵inwineorthatmilkcouldbeconvertedintocheeseoryogurt酸乳酶orthatbeercouldbemadebyfermentingsolutionsofmalt麦芽andhops啤酒花beganthestudyofbiotechnology.Whenthefirstbakersfoundthattheycouldmakeasoftspongy多乳的breadratherthanafirmthincrackertheywe’’reactingasfledgling缺乏经验的biotechnologists.Thefirstanimalbreedersrealizingthatdifferentphysicaltraitscouldbeeithermagnifiedorlostbymatingappropriatepairsofanimalsengagedinthemanipulationsofbiotechnology. Whatthenisbiotechnology?Thetermbringstominddifferentthings.Somethinkofdevelopingnewtypesofanimals.Othersdreamofalmostunlimitedsourcesofhumantherapeutic治疗的drugs.Stillothersenvision想象thepossibilityofgrowingcropsthataremorenutritious有养分的andnaturallypest-resistant有抵抗力的tofeedarapidlygrowingworldpopulation.Thisquestionelicits引发almostasmanyfirst-thoughtresponsesastherearepeopletowhomthequestioncanbeposed.Initspurestformthetermbiotechnologyreferstotheuseoflivingorganismsortheirproductstomodifyhumanhealthandthehumanenvironment.Prehistoricbiotechnologistsdidthisastheyusedyeastcellstoraisebreaddough生面团andtofermentalcoholicbeveragesandbacterialcellstomakecheesesandyogurtsandastheybredtheirstrongproductiveanimalstomakeevenstrongerandmoreproductiveoffspring.Throughouthumanhistorywehavelearnedagreatdealaboutthedifferentorganismsthatourancestorsusedsoeffectively.Themarkedincreaseinourunderstandingoftheseorganismsandtheircellproductsgainsustheabilitytocontrolthemanyfunctionsofvariouscellsandorganisms.Usingthetechniquesofgenesplicing叠接andrecombineDNAtechnologywecannowactuallycombinethegeneticelementsoftwoormorelivingcells.FunctioninglengthsofDNAcanbetakenfromoneorganismandplacedintothecellsofanotherorganism.Asaresultforexamplewecancausebacterialcellstoproducehumanmoleculescowscanproducemoremilkorthesameamountoffeedandwecansynthesizetherapeuticmoleculesthathaveneverbeforeexisted. Thehumanbeingsbegantousebiotechnology______.
Highwagesand{{U}}restrictive{{/U}}workpracticesaresaidtohavecreatednewnonunioncompetition.
HowtoBeaNurse Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalemployees.Fromtheviewpointofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallydedicated.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Underthesupervisionoftheheadnursethenursingstaffmustprovidenursingservicesona24-hourbasisandattendtopatients’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeightinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotatetheirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenurses’station. Anursemustalwaysbealert.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Servingasanursecanbeaveryrewardingjob.Butitisnotaneasyone.Noteverypersonissuitedtobecomeanurse.Onlyverydedicatedpeoplehavechosennursingasaprofession. Whatkindofpersonissuitedtobecomeanurse?
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