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Passage Four Today the game reserves of East Africa are facing a number of threats. Although th...
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PassageTwo Inolddayswhenaglimpseofstockingwaslookeduponassomethingsoshockingastodistracttheseriousworkofanofficesecretariesweremen. ThencametheFirstWorldWarandthemalesecretarieswerereplacedbywomen.Aman’ssecretarybecamehispersonalservantinchargeofrememberinghiswife’sbirthdayandbuyingherpresents;takinghissuitstothedry-cleaners;tellingliesonthetelephonetokeepawaypeoplehedidnotwishtospeakto;andofcoursetypingandfilingandtakingshorthand. Nowallthismaybechangingagain.Themicrochip芯片andhightechnologyissweepingtheBritishofficetakingwithitmuchoftheroutineclerical文书的workthatsecretariesdid. "Onceofficetechnologytakesovergenerallythestatusofthejobwillriseagainbecauseitwillinvolvethehigh-techwork--andthenmenwillwanttodoitagain." Thatwassaidbyoneoftheexecutivesmaleofoneofthebiggestsecretarialagenciesinthiscountry.WhathehaspredictedisalreadyunderwayintheU.S. Oncehightechnologyhasmadethejobofsecretarylessroutine乏味的willtherebeamaletakeoverMenshouldbecarefulofthinkingthattheycanwalkrightintothebetterjobs.Therearealotofwomensecretarieswhowilldothejobaswellasthey--notjustbecausetheycanbuynegligees妇女长睡衣fortheboss’swifebutbecausetheyareasefficientandwelltrainedtocopewithwordprocessorsandcomputersasmen. Thewriterbelievesthatbeforelong
Geographyisthestudyoftherelationshipbetweenpeopleandtheland.Geographers地理学家compareandcontrast61placesontheearth.Buttheyalso62beyondtheindividualplacesandconsidertheearthasa63.Thewordgeography64fromtwoGreekwordsgetheGreekwordfor"earth"andgraphein65means"towrite."TheEnglishwordgeographymeans"todescribetheearth."66geographybooksfocusonasmallarea67atownorcity.Othersdealwithastatearegionanationoran68continent.Manygeographybooksdealwiththewholeearth.Another69todividethestudyof70istodistinguishbetweenphysicalgeographyandculturalgeography.Theformerfocusesonthenaturalworld;the71startswithhumanbeingsand72howhumanbeingsandtheirenvironmentact73eachother.Butwhengeographyisconsideredasasinglesubject74branchcanneglecttheother.Ageographermightbedescribed75onewhoobservesrecordsandexplainsthe76betweenplaces.Ifallplaces77aliketherewouldbelittleneedforgeographers.Weknowhowever78notwoplacesareexactlythesame.Geography79isapointofviewaspecialwayof80atplaces. 79
Manyuniversitycoursesarenotreally______totheneedsofstudentsortheirfutureemployers.
PassageOne Vegetablegardeningistherelaxingartandscienceofturningaloveforgrowingplantsintoameaningfulactivity.Havingvegetablesinthebackyardmakeshomegardeningappealingformanypeople.Inadditionvegetablegardeningprovidesexerciseandfunforbothurbanandsuburbanfamilies. Vegetablegardenersagreethatmanyhome-grownvegetablesaresuperiortothosepurchasedfrommarkets.Fromspringthroughlatefallawell-plannedandwell-keptgardencanprovideasupplyoffreshvegetablesthusincreasingthenutritionofthefamilydiet. Freezersmakeitpossibletokeepsomeofthevegetablestobeenjoyedatalaterdate.Othervegetablescanbestoredforafewmonthsinacoolarea. Althoughthemoneyspentforagardenmaybelittleonecannotescapethefactthatgardeningrequireshardworkandtime.Manyofthegardeningtasksmustbeperformedattimesthataremostinconvenient.Notdoingjobsthatshouldbedoneonaregularbasismayresultinfailureandanegativefeelingtowardgardening. Oneshouldnotplantagardenthatistoolargeforhimtocarefor.Asmallwell-keptgardenismoreenjoyable’andprofitablethanalargeneglectedone.Vegetablesdowellinfullsunlightandneedatleastfiveorsixhoursofsunduringthemiddleoftheday.Toomuchshadingresultsinpoorplantsandfewvegetables.Ifpossiblethegardenshouldbenearthehousesothegardenercanworkinitwhenevertheyarefree. Soilsforvegetablesshouldbeeasilybrokenupandporous多孔的forquickwaterdrainageandgoodaeration透气.Usuallythehomeownerhaslittlechoiceinthesoiltypehecanchoose.Fortunatelymanyvegetablescanbegrownonpoorsoilsifthesoilsareproperlyprepared. Fromthepassagewecanconcludethat
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______confidentisthekeyfactorincommunicatingwithoppositesex.
PassageTwo Inolddayswhenaglimpseofstockingwaslookeduponassomethingsoshockingastodistracttheseriousworkofanofficesecretariesweremen. ThencametheFirstWorldWarandthemalesecretarieswerereplacedbywomen.Aman’ssecretarybecamehispersonalservantinchargeofrememberinghiswife’sbirthdayandbuyingherpresents;takinghissuitstothedry-cleaners;tellingliesonthetelephonetokeepawaypeoplehedidnotwishtospeakto;andofcoursetypingandfilingandtakingshorthand. Nowallthismaybechangingagain.Themicrochip芯片andhightechnologyissweepingtheBritishofficetakingwithitmuchoftheroutineclerical文书的workthatsecretariesdid. "Onceofficetechnologytakesovergenerallythestatusofthejobwillriseagainbecauseitwillinvolvethehigh-techwork--andthenmenwillwanttodoitagain." Thatwassaidbyoneoftheexecutivesmaleofoneofthebiggestsecretarialagenciesinthiscountry.WhathehaspredictedisalreadyunderwayintheU.S. Oncehightechnologyhasmadethejobofsecretarylessroutine乏味的willtherebeamaletakeoverMenshouldbecarefulofthinkingthattheycanwalkrightintothebetterjobs.Therearealotofwomensecretarieswhowilldothejobaswellasthey--notjustbecausetheycanbuynegligees妇女长睡衣fortheboss’swifebutbecausetheyareasefficientandwelltrainedtocopewithwordprocessorsandcomputersasmen. Asecretaryinthefuturewill
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PassageFour Internet-addictedjobseekersmaybepartlythecauseofthefactthatitistakingtheunemployed23%longertofindanewpositionthanittookduringthelastrecession经济萧条whenthe"benefits"ofonlinejobsearchingwereunavailable."AgrowingnumberofunemployedAmericanswastetimebrowsing济览theestimated4000to5000onlinejobsitesfillingthemwithresumesandthenwaitingforreplies.Itiscommonforlong-timejoblessness"arguesProfessorJohnA.Challenger.AlthoughtheInternethasthepotentialtobeveryusefulforjobseekersandithasbecometheprimarytoolformanyChallengerbelievesthatitshouldbeconsideredsecondarytothetraditionaltechniqueofmeetingwould-beemployersinperson. InadditiontoslowingjobsearcheffortstheInternetismakingthehiringprocesslongerfortheemployer.Inasurveyof5000hiringmanagersbyanonlineresumesite72%saidthatamajorityoftheresumestheyreceivedinresponsetoanonlinejobpostingdidnotmatchtheposition’sdescription. "Themoreunrelatedresumesmanagershavetogothroughinordertoselectthefewtobringinforinterviewsthelongerittakestofilltheposition"pointsoutChallenger."Oneresultofthishasbeentheincreaseduseofscreeningsoftwarebyemployers.Thiswillmakeitevenmoredifficultforjobseekerstogettheirresumesinfrontofthehiringexecutiveforaninterview." "AllofthisisnottosaythattheInternethasnotrevolutionizedjobhunting.IthascertainlymadeiteasierforsomeoneinSanFranciscoforexampletosearchforjobopeningsinMiami.Inadditiontheabilitytoconductkeywordsearcheshasreducedtheamountoftimeittakestofindthetypeofpositionapersonisseeking." "JobseekersmustlearnhowtousetheInternetasatoolratherthanjustrelyingonitasameansforsubmittingelectronicresumes"concludesChallenger. TheInternetismakingthehiringprocesslongerfortheemployerbecause
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PassageFour Internet-addictedjobseekersmaybepartlythecauseofthefactthatitistakingtheunemployed23%longertofindanewpositionthanittookduringthelastrecession经济萧条whenthe"benefits"ofonlinejobsearchingwereunavailable."AgrowingnumberofunemployedAmericanswastetimebrowsing济览theestimated4000to5000onlinejobsitesfillingthemwithresumesandthenwaitingforreplies.Itiscommonforlong-timejoblessness"arguesProfessorJohnA.Challenger.AlthoughtheInternethasthepotentialtobeveryusefulforjobseekersandithasbecometheprimarytoolformanyChallengerbelievesthatitshouldbeconsideredsecondarytothetraditionaltechniqueofmeetingwould-beemployersinperson. InadditiontoslowingjobsearcheffortstheInternetismakingthehiringprocesslongerfortheemployer.Inasurveyof5000hiringmanagersbyanonlineresumesite72%saidthatamajorityoftheresumestheyreceivedinresponsetoanonlinejobpostingdidnotmatchtheposition’sdescription. "Themoreunrelatedresumesmanagershavetogothroughinordertoselectthefewtobringinforinterviewsthelongerittakestofilltheposition"pointsoutChallenger."Oneresultofthishasbeentheincreaseduseofscreeningsoftwarebyemployers.Thiswillmakeitevenmoredifficultforjobseekerstogettheirresumesinfrontofthehiringexecutiveforaninterview." "AllofthisisnottosaythattheInternethasnotrevolutionizedjobhunting.IthascertainlymadeiteasierforsomeoneinSanFranciscoforexampletosearchforjobopeningsinMiami.Inadditiontheabilitytoconductkeywordsearcheshasreducedtheamountoftimeittakestofindthetypeofpositionapersonisseeking." "JobseekersmustlearnhowtousetheInternetasatoolratherthanjustrelyingonitasameansforsubmittingelectronicresumes"concludesChallenger. ItcanbeinferredthatscreeningsoftwareinParagraph3isusedto
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IfThereWereNoElectricity1．电是人类现代化生活的基础2．假如有一天没有了电3．我们应该如何节电
PassageThree HumanityisanewexperimentonplanetEarth.FormostofitshistorylifeonEarthwasrestrictedtothesea.Livingthingsbegantopopulatethelandslightlyover400millionyearsagoandhumanshaveexistedfornomorethan3millionyears. Onewaytorepresenttheevolutionoftireistocompressthe4.6-billion-yearhistoryofEarthintoa1-year-longfilm.InsuchafilmEarthformsasthefilmbeginsonJanuary1andthroughallofJanuaryandFebruaryitcoolsandiscratered变成坑状andthefirstoceansform.ButthoseoceansremainlifelessuntilsometimeinMarchorearlyAprilwhenthefirstlivingthingsdevelop.The4-billion-yearhistoryofPrecambrian前赛武纪evolutionlastsuntilthefilmreachesmid-Novemberwhenprimitiveoceanlifebeginstoevolveintocomplexorganismssuchastrilobites三叶虫. Ifweexaminethelandinsteadoftheoceanswefindalifelesswaste.ButonceourfilmshowsplantandanimallifeonthelandaboutNovember28evolutionproceedsrapidly.DinosaursforexampleappearaboutDecember12andvanishbyChristmasEveasmammals哺乳动物andbirdsflourish. Throughoutthe1-year-runofourfilmtherearenohumansandevenduringthelastdaysoftheyearasthemammalsriseanddominatethelandscapetherearenopeople.IntheearlyeveningofDecember31vaguelyhumanformsmovethroughthegrasslandsandbylateeveningtheybeginmakingstonetools.TheStoneAgelastsuntilabout11:45pmandthefirstsignsofcivilizationtownsandcitiesdonotappearuntil11:54pm.TheChristianerabeginsonly14secondsbeforetheNewYearandtheDeclarationofIndependenceissignedwithIsecondtospare. Accordingtothepassageprimitiveoceanlifebeginstoevolveintocomplexorganisms
PassageFour Internet-addictedjobseekersmaybepartlythecauseofthefactthatitistakingtheunemployed23%longertofindanewpositionthanittookduringthelastrecession经济萧条whenthe"benefits"ofonlinejobsearchingwereunavailable."AgrowingnumberofunemployedAmericanswastetimebrowsing济览theestimated4000to5000onlinejobsitesfillingthemwithresumesandthenwaitingforreplies.Itiscommonforlong-timejoblessness"arguesProfessorJohnA.Challenger.AlthoughtheInternethasthepotentialtobeveryusefulforjobseekersandithasbecometheprimarytoolformanyChallengerbelievesthatitshouldbeconsideredsecondarytothetraditionaltechniqueofmeetingwould-beemployersinperson. InadditiontoslowingjobsearcheffortstheInternetismakingthehiringprocesslongerfortheemployer.Inasurveyof5000hiringmanagersbyanonlineresumesite72%saidthatamajorityoftheresumestheyreceivedinresponsetoanonlinejobpostingdidnotmatchtheposition’sdescription. "Themoreunrelatedresumesmanagershavetogothroughinordertoselectthefewtobringinforinterviewsthelongerittakestofilltheposition"pointsoutChallenger."Oneresultofthishasbeentheincreaseduseofscreeningsoftwarebyemployers.Thiswillmakeitevenmoredifficultforjobseekerstogettheirresumesinfrontofthehiringexecutiveforaninterview." "AllofthisisnottosaythattheInternethasnotrevolutionizedjobhunting.IthascertainlymadeiteasierforsomeoneinSanFranciscoforexampletosearchforjobopeningsinMiami.Inadditiontheabilitytoconductkeywordsearcheshasreducedtheamountoftimeittakestofindthetypeofpositionapersonisseeking." "JobseekersmustlearnhowtousetheInternetasatoolratherthanjustrelyingonitasameansforsubmittingelectronicresumes"concludesChallenger. ProfessorChallengerthinksshouldbeconsideredmoreimportantbytheunemployed.
Shetalkedaboutbuyingahouseinthecountrybutnothingever______.
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PassageOne Vegetablegardeningistherelaxingartandscienceofturningaloveforgrowingplantsintoameaningfulactivity.Havingvegetablesinthebackyardmakeshomegardeningappealingformanypeople.Inadditionvegetablegardeningprovidesexerciseandfunforbothurbanandsuburbanfamilies. Vegetablegardenersagreethatmanyhome-grownvegetablesaresuperiortothosepurchasedfrommarkets.Fromspringthroughlatefallawell-plannedandwell-keptgardencanprovideasupplyoffreshvegetablesthusincreasingthenutritionofthefamilydiet. Freezersmakeitpossibletokeepsomeofthevegetablestobeenjoyedatalaterdate.Othervegetablescanbestoredforafewmonthsinacoolarea. Althoughthemoneyspentforagardenmaybelittleonecannotescapethefactthatgardeningrequireshardworkandtime.Manyofthegardeningtasksmustbeperformedattimesthataremostinconvenient.Notdoingjobsthatshouldbedoneonaregularbasismayresultinfailureandanegativefeelingtowardgardening. Oneshouldnotplantagardenthatistoolargeforhimtocarefor.Asmallwell-keptgardenismoreenjoyable’andprofitablethanalargeneglectedone.Vegetablesdowellinfullsunlightandneedatleastfiveorsixhoursofsunduringthemiddleoftheday.Toomuchshadingresultsinpoorplantsandfewvegetables.Ifpossiblethegardenshouldbenearthehousesothegardenercanworkinitwhenevertheyarefree. Soilsforvegetablesshouldbeeasilybrokenupandporous多孔的forquickwaterdrainageandgoodaeration透气.Usuallythehomeownerhaslittlechoiceinthesoiltypehecanchoose.Fortunatelymanyvegetablescanbegrownonpoorsoilsifthesoilsareproperlyprepared. Awell-plannedandwell-keptgardencanprovideasupplyoffreshvegetables
PassageTwo Inolddayswhenaglimpseofstockingwaslookeduponassomethingsoshockingastodistracttheseriousworkofanofficesecretariesweremen. ThencametheFirstWorldWarandthemalesecretarieswerereplacedbywomen.Aman’ssecretarybecamehispersonalservantinchargeofrememberinghiswife’sbirthdayandbuyingherpresents;takinghissuitstothedry-cleaners;tellingliesonthetelephonetokeepawaypeoplehedidnotwishtospeakto;andofcoursetypingandfilingandtakingshorthand. Nowallthismaybechangingagain.Themicrochip芯片andhightechnologyissweepingtheBritishofficetakingwithitmuchoftheroutineclerical文书的workthatsecretariesdid. "Onceofficetechnologytakesovergenerallythestatusofthejobwillriseagainbecauseitwillinvolvethehigh-techwork--andthenmenwillwanttodoitagain." Thatwassaidbyoneoftheexecutivesmaleofoneofthebiggestsecretarialagenciesinthiscountry.WhathehaspredictedisalreadyunderwayintheU.S. Oncehightechnologyhasmadethejobofsecretarylessroutine乏味的willtherebeamaletakeoverMenshouldbecarefulofthinkingthattheycanwalkrightintothebetterjobs.Therearealotofwomensecretarieswhowilldothejobaswellasthey--notjustbecausetheycanbuynegligees妇女长睡衣fortheboss’swifebutbecausetheyareasefficientandwelltrainedtocopewithwordprocessorsandcomputersasmen. Afemalesecretaryhasbeenexpectedbesidesotherdutiesto
PassageThree HumanityisanewexperimentonplanetEarth.FormostofitshistorylifeonEarthwasrestrictedtothesea.Livingthingsbegantopopulatethelandslightlyover400millionyearsagoandhumanshaveexistedfornomorethan3millionyears. Onewaytorepresenttheevolutionoftireistocompressthe4.6-billion-yearhistoryofEarthintoa1-year-longfilm.InsuchafilmEarthformsasthefilmbeginsonJanuary1andthroughallofJanuaryandFebruaryitcoolsandiscratered变成坑状andthefirstoceansform.ButthoseoceansremainlifelessuntilsometimeinMarchorearlyAprilwhenthefirstlivingthingsdevelop.The4-billion-yearhistoryofPrecambrian前赛武纪evolutionlastsuntilthefilmreachesmid-Novemberwhenprimitiveoceanlifebeginstoevolveintocomplexorganismssuchastrilobites三叶虫. Ifweexaminethelandinsteadoftheoceanswefindalifelesswaste.ButonceourfilmshowsplantandanimallifeonthelandaboutNovember28evolutionproceedsrapidly.DinosaursforexampleappearaboutDecember12andvanishbyChristmasEveasmammals哺乳动物andbirdsflourish. Throughoutthe1-year-runofourfilmtherearenohumansandevenduringthelastdaysoftheyearasthemammalsriseanddominatethelandscapetherearenopeople.IntheearlyeveningofDecember31vaguelyhumanformsmovethroughthegrasslandsandbylateeveningtheybeginmakingstonetools.TheStoneAgelastsuntilabout11:45pmandthefirstsignsofcivilizationtownsandcitiesdonotappearuntil11:54pm.TheChristianerabeginsonly14secondsbeforetheNewYearandtheDeclarationofIndependenceissignedwithIsecondtospare. Intheone-year-longfilmdinosaurs
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