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I was on a bus one March evening.The driver didn’t intend to start the bus soon because it was n...
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高中英语《2010-2011学年度济南外国语学校第一学期高二模块结业考试试卷》真题及答案
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SpecialtreesthatgrowfasterfightpollutionproducebetterwoodandevensensechemicalattacksarebeingplantedbyscientistsintheUS.When40percentofHawaii'sUS$14million-a-yearpapaya木瓜industrywasdestroyedbyavirusfiveyearsagoworkbeganoncreatinggeneticallyengineered转基因的trees.Researcherssuccessfullyintroducedseedsthatweredesignedtoresistthevirus.Sincethenmoreandmorepeoplehavebeentestinggeneticallyengineeredtrees.Someresearchersputspecialbacteriaintotreestohelpthemgrowfasterandproducebetterwood.Othersaretryingtocreatetreesthatcancleanpollutedsoil.Meanwhilefruitfarmersarelookingfortreesthatarestrongenoughtoresistwormsandpapercompanieswanttreesthatproducemorewoodandthereforemorepaper.ThePentagon五角大楼evengavetheresearchersUS$500000thisyearaftertheydevelopedapinetreethatchangesitscoloursifitsensesachemicalattack.Sofarthepoplareucalyptus杨树与桉树appleandcoffeetreesareamongthosebeingengineered.Allthiscanbedonetodaybecausewehaveabetterunderstandingoftreegenomes基因组.Howeversomepeoplefearthatthegeneticallyengineeredtreeswillcausedangerousresults.Theyareworriedthatthenewtreeswillbreedwithnaturalspeciesandchangethebalanceoftheforestenvironment.ItcouldbedestructivesaidJimDiamondanenvironmentalist.Treesarewhatisleftofournaturalenvironmentandhometomanyendangeredspecies.Butresearchersinsistthatsciencecouldgivenatureafightingchanceagainstbothnaturalandman-madedangers.Theyhopetoanswerthecriticsbystoppingthenewtreesfrombreedingsotheireffectontheenvironmentcanbecontrolled.1.WhichkindoftreeisnottheonesthatscientistsareplantingintheUS?A.Treesthatwormscan'thurt.B.Treesthatcanprotectthemselvesatachemicalattack.C.Treesthatcanresistwindbetter.D.Geneticallyengineeredtrees.2.WhatcausedtheAmericanscientiststoworkonspecialtrees?A.Theythinksciencecouldgivenatureafightingchanceagainstbothnaturalandman-madedangers.B.Greatnumbersoftreeshavebeenlostduetoattacksbyviruses.C.Researcherssuccessfullyintroducedseedsdesignedtoresistthevirus.D.Treegenomesaremappedoutsoscientistsknowhowtoimprovetrees.3.Whichofthefollowingwasprobablythefirstkindoftreesbeingengineered?A.Papaya.B.Pine.C.Apple.D.Poplar.4.Whydidcriticsthinkengineeredtreesdangerous?Because_______.A.thesetreescandestroythebalanceofnatureB.everythingexcepttreeshasbeengeneticallyengineeredC.treesarehometomanyendangeredspeciesD.thesetreesmayaffectnormaltrees
Modernscientistshavemadegreatdevelopmentinbuildingcomputersthatcanimitatelogicalthought.Therearetwoschoolsofthoughtonartificialintelligence人工智能.SupportersofStrongAIconsiderthatallhumanthoughtcanbebrokendownintoasetofmathematicaloperations.Theyexpectthattheywillonedaybeabletocopythehumanmindandcreatearobotabletoboththinkandfeelwithasenseofself–thestuffofclassicsciencefiction.SupportersofWeakAIthinkacomputermightseemintelligentbutitisnotawareofwhatitisdoingwithnosenseofselforconsciousness.Nowthedevelopmentoflife–likerobotsmaybeclosertorealitythanyouthink.Engineershavecreatedroboticsoccerplayersandbeesthatactliketherealthing.PoweredbyasmallbatteryonherbackhumanoidrobotLolaisasoccerchampion.TheideaoftherobotisthatitcanwalkandseethingsbecauseithasavideocameraontopRaulRojasPh.D.professorofartificialintelligenceatFreieUniversityinBerlinGermanytoldIvanhoE.UsingthecameraonherheadLolarecognizesobjectsbycolor.UsingthiscameraLolacanlocateobjectsonthefloorsuchasaredballgoaftertheballandtrytoscoreagoalsaidDr.Rojas.Germanengineershavealsocreatedabeerobot.Itcanimitatethebee’swaggledancewhichcommunicatesthelocationoffoodandwater.LaterwhatwewanttoproveisthattherobotcansendthebeesinanydecideddirectionusingthewaggledancesaidDr.Rojas.Robotslikethiscouldonedaybecomehigh–techsurveillance侦察toolsthatsecretlyflyandrecorddatA.1.Roboticsoccerplayersmentionedinthetextreachthelevelof.A.StrongAItechnologyB.WeakAItechnologyC.beingabletothinkthemselvesD.havingasenseofconsciousness2.HowdoesLolatelldifferentobjectsaccordingtothetext?A.BymicrowavE.B.BysounD.C.Bysmell.D.Bycolor.3.Theunderlinedwordthisinthelastparagraphrefersto.A.abeerobotB.aroboticsoccerplayerC.abeenthatcanusethewaggledanceD.asurveillancetool4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.Arobotabletoboththinkandfeelonlyexistsinsciencefictionnow.B.Scientistshavecreatedtherobotsthatcanplaysoccerbetterthanmen.C.Engineershavecreatedroboticsoccerplayersandbeesthatcanreplacetherealthing.D.Scientistshavemadegreatdevelopmentinrecordingdatainthepastfewyears.
ScottsdalewasatypicalAmericansuburbinthe1950swithchildrengoingtoeachother'shousestoplayorridingtheirbikesaroundtheneighborhood.ButforStevenSpielbergnoneofthesenormalactivitieswereveryexacting.Insteadhemadehisownentertainmentlikethetimehe1hisyoungersistersthathehadadeadbodyinhisbedroomandalmostfrightenedthemtodeath.WhenStevenwasaboutsevenyearso1dhedevelopeda2fortelevisiondespitethe3hisparentsmadetcontrolthechildren'sviewing.Hisfather4placedhaironthetelevisionON'switchtoknowwhenStevenwatchedTV.ButStevenwould5itspositionandreplaceitafterwatchinghoursoftelevision.A.chancefinallycameforStevento6hisabilitytoentertainwithhisenthusiasmfortelevision.WhenhisfatherreceivedamoviecameraforFather’sDaythemovieshetookaccordingtoStevenwere7.Annoyedbyhisson's8cynicism批评hegavethecameratoSteven.Stevenprovedtobeaan9withthecameraandquicklymadeseveralfilmsusinghisowntoysastheperformers.Hisparentswere10byhowlife-liketheywereandsohebeganamagnificentmoviecareer.1.A.convincedB.remindedC.promisedD.encouraged2.A.giftB.needC.condemnD.love3.A.decisionsB.suggestionsC.attemptsD.preparations4.A.quietlyB.secretlyC.hopefullyD.successfully5.A.locateB.relateC.memorizeD.examine6.A.combineB.compareC.connectD.accompany7.A.specialB.terribleC.entertainingD.surprising8.A.occasionalB.humorousC.unreasonableD.constant9.A.winnerB.expertC.naturalD.native10.A.satisfiedB.amazedC.puzzledD.inspired
ThefirsttimeIsawCarlosIwouldneverhavebelievedhewasgoingtochangemylifE.IhadmyarmsfullofbooksandIwastearingintotheclassroomwhen1ranintosomethingsoliD.ItwasCariesMyGodyou’retallhesaiD.Ofcoursetheclassbegantolaugh.Angry.IwalkedtomyseatwithoutaworD.IglancedbacktoseeifReedHarringtonwaslaughingwiththerestThatwouldbethelaststrawButReedwasstudyingchemistryanddidnotseemtobeawareofanythingelsE.Ididn’tknowwhyIconsideredReedmyfrienD.MaybejustbecausehewasagoodtwoinchestallerthanI.AnywayeverytimeIblewoutmybirthdaycandlesandmadeawishitwasforadatewithReedHarringtonTakethatseatMr.McCarthytoldthecockynewcomerCarlospointingtotheonlyemptyoneinthebackoftheroomCarlosgrinnedButIneedacoupleofdictionaries.AgaintheclasslaughedbutnowtheywerelaughingwithCarlosnotathim.Hehadbeenhereonly10minutesandalreadyhehadthemonhissidE.ItwastheschoolelectionsthatmademethinkofCarlosagain.ReedHarringtonwasvotedpresidentandCarlosvice－president.Howcome?IkeptaskingmyselfHowcomethisshrimpwho’sonlybeenintownforalittleoveramonthgetstobesopopular?SothatmorningIstoppedCarlosandsaidItdoesn’tseemtobotheryou-beingshort.HelookedupatmeOfcourseImindbeingshort.Butthereisn’tanythingIcandoaboutit.WhenIrealizedIwasgoingtohavetospendmylifeinthisundersizedskinIjustdecidedtomakethebestofitandconcentrateonbeingmyself.YouseemtogetalonggreatIadmittedButwhatboutme?Nobodywantstodateagirltallerthanheis.Thetroublewithyouisyou’reafraidtobeyourself.You’resmart.Andyoucouldbepretty.Infactyoumi2htbemorethanpretty.Ifeltmyselfturningred1.Theauthorwasangrybecause.A.theclassmadefunofherB.CarloswastoorudetoherC.shehadtocarrymanybooksD.ReedHarringtondidn’tdateher2.WhichofthefollowingaboutCarlosisNOTTRUE?A.Hewaspopular.B.Hewasnewintheschool.C.Hewasshorterthantheauthor.D.Hewaschosenpresidentintheschoolelections.3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.CarlosandtheauthorhavebecomegoodfriendsB.theauthorwillbemoreconfidentC.CarlosalwaysencouragedtheauthorD.theauthorwastall4.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtobepopularB.AtallgirlC.BeyourselfD.SomethingaboutCarlos
NowI’dliketotalktoyouaboutyourfinalexam.TheexamwillbeheldnextThursdaythelastdayoftheexamweek.Remembertobringtwoorthreepensincaseyourunoutofink.Andunlikethemidtermexamthistestwillnotincludemultiple-choicequestions;itwillconsist由组成entirelyofessays文章.You’llhavetoanswerthreeofthefiveessayquestions.Theexamwillbecomprehensive理解性的whichmeansyou’llberesponsible负责forallofthesubjectmatterswecoveredinclassthisterm.Iwouldsuggestyoureviewyourmidtermexamaswellastextbooksandyourclassnotes.Theresearchprojectwillcountas20percentandthemidtermexam30percent.I’llbeinmyofficealmostalldaynextTuesday.Ifyourunintoanyproblemspleasedropin.GooklucktoyouandI’llseeyouonTuesday.1.Whenwillthefinalexamtakeplace?A.OnaTuesdayB.OnaWednesdayC.OnaThursdayD.OnaFriday2.Whatwillbeincludedintheexam?A.Therewillbeonlymultiple-choicequestions.B.Theexamwillcontainbothmultiple-choiceandessayquestionsC.Theexamwillhaveanoralandwrittensection.D.Therewillbeonlyessayquestions.3.Theunderlinedphraserunintoprobablymeans_____.A.gointoB.meetsomebodyunexpectedlyC.comeacrossD.comeupagainstsomethingwithforce4.Whenwasthistalkmostlikelygiven?A.DuringthefirstweekofclassB.DuringmidtermweekC.OnthelastdayofclassD.Onthelastdayofexamweek
LuggageWeaskyoutokeepamedium-sizedsuitcaseperpersonbutasmallholdallcanalsobetakenontothecoachSeatsRequestsforparticularseatscanbemadeonmostcoachbreaks巴士旅游whenbookingbutsinceseatsarebookedonafirstcomefirstservebasicearlybookingisadvisable.Whenbookingsaremadewithusyouwillbeofferedthebestseatsthatareavailableonthecoachatthattime.TravelDocumentsWhenyouhavepaidyourdeposit订金wewillsendyouallthenecessarydocumentssothatyoureceivethemingoodtimebeforethecoachbreakleavingdateCertaindocumentsforexampleairorboatticketsmayhavetobereservedandyourguidewillthengivethemtoyouduringthebreak.SpecialDietsIfyourequireaspecialdietyoumustinformusatthetimeofbookingwithacopyofthediet.Thiswillbetoldtothehotelsonyourcoachbreak.Thehotelsforcertaincoachbreaksaretouristclassandtheymaynothavetheequipmenttodealwithspecialdiets.Anyextracostsmustbepaidbyyourselfbeforeleavingthehotel.Accommodation住宿Onanycoachbreakthereareonlyalimitednumberofsinglerooms.Whenasingleroomisavailableitmaybesubjecttoanextrachargeandthiswillbeshownonthebrochurepage.EntertainmentSomeofourhotelsarrangeextraentertainmentwhichcouldincludemusicdancingfilmsetc.Thenatureandfrequencyoftheentertainmentpresentedisdecidedbythehotelandthereforenotguaranteedandcouldbewithdrawnifthereisalackofdemandorinsufficientnumbersinthehotel.1.IfyouwanttochoosecertainseatsofthecoachyoushouldA.takelittleluggageB.avoidtravelinginholidaysC.bookyourseatswebinadvanceD.arriveearlyontheleavingdate2.Whatshouldyoudoifyouneedaspecialdiet?A.Bringyourownfoodwithyou.B.Telltheorganizerwhilebooking.C.Informthehotelwhenyouarrive.D.Payextramoneywiththebooking.3.Itmaybenecessarytopayextrafor.A.singleroomsB.particularseatsC.entertainmentD.handluggage4.Whereisthepassagemostlytakenfrom?A.Afashionmagazine.B.Abusinessreport.C.Alegaldocument.D.Atravelbrochure.
Morethan10yearsagoitwasdifficulttobuyatastypineapple.ThefruitsthatmadeittotheUKweregreenontheoutsideandmoreoftenthannothardwithanunpleasanttastewithin.Thenin1996theDelMonteGoldpineappleproducedinHawaiifirsthitourshelves.Thenewtypeofpineapplelookedmoreyellowy-goldthangreen.Itwasslightlysofterontheoutsideandhadalotofjuiceinside.Butthemostimportantthingaboutthisnewtypeofpineapplewasthatitwastwiceassweetasthehit-and-misspineappleswehadknown.InnotimetheDelMonteGoldtookthemarketbystormrapidlybecomingtheworld’sbest-sellingpineapplevarietyanddeliveringnaturallevelsofsweetnessinthemouthupuntilthenonlyfoundintinnedpineapple.Innutrition营养itwasallgoodnewstoo.Thisnice-tastingpineapplecontainedfourtimesmorevitaminC.维生素C.thantheoldgreenvariety.Nutritionistssaidthatitwasnotonlyfullofvitaminsbutalsogoodagainstsomediseases.Peoplewereunderstandablyeagertobeabletobuythiswonderfulfruit.ThenewtypeofpineapplewassellingfastandtheDelMonteGoldpineapplerapidlybecameafixtureintheshoppingbasketofthehealthyeater.SeeingthegrowingmarketforitswinningpineappleDelMontetriedtokeepthemarkettoitself.Butotherfruitcompaniesdevelopedsimilarpineapples.DelMonteturnedtolawforhelpbutfailed.ThosecompaniesarguedsuccessfullythatDelMonte’sattemptstokeepthegoldenpineappleforitselfwerejustawaytoknockthemoutofthemarket.1.Welearnfromthetextthatthenewtypeofpineappleis______.A.greenoutsideandsweetinsideB.good-lookingoutsideandsoftinsideC.yellowy-goldoutsideandhardinsideD.alittlesoftoutsideandsweetinside2.Whywasthenewtypeofpineapplesellingwell?A.Itwasrichinnutritionandtastednice.B.Itwaslesssweetandgoodforhealth.C.ItwasdevelopedbyDelMonte.D.Itwasusedasmedicine.3.TheunderlinedwordfixtureinParagraph3probablyreferstosomething______.A.thatpeopleenjoyeatingB.thatisalwayspresentC.thatisdifficulttogetD.thatpeopleuseasagift4.WelearnfromthelastparagraphthatDelMonte______.A.allowedothercompaniestodeveloppineapplesB.succeededinkeepingthepineappleforitselfC.triedhardtocontrolthepineapplemarketD.plannedtohelptheothercompanies
Wolvesareinthenewsthesedaysespeciallywiththecontroversial有争议的AlaskanWolfHuntingFestivalbeingafocusofpublicattention.Sincetheseanimalsaregettingmoreattentionintheouterworldtheymaybemorelikelytoshowupinyourinnerworldandmaytakeonmanyformsandhavemanymeanings.Wolvesliveinapack狼群andtheyhavealeaderaguidewhoisresponsiblefordirectingthepackandkeepingitsafE.Ifawolfappearsinyourdreamandyouhaveapositiverelationshipwiththewolfitmaysuggestyourownleadershipabilities.Wolvesindreamsmayalsomeantheneedfortrustingyourowninternalleader-thesofthowlfromthebottomofyourownheart.Whilewolvescertainlydohowlitistillunknownwhytheyhowlatthemoon.Thewolf’showisactuallyaformofcommunication.Wolvesmayhowlasaformofmakingfriendsorasawarningortoindicatethattheyarelastandneedhelp.Isyourdreamwolfhowling?Ifsowhatemotionsexistinthedream?Doyoufeellostandinneedofguidancedoyoufeellikeyou’velostyourpack?Doyoufeeltheneedtoletothersknowtheyarecrossingyourland?Orareyousimplyfilledwhitasenseofjoythatcanonlybeexpressedinahowl?Wolvescanbeexperiencedhuntersandoftenappearinfolkstoriesassomethingharmlesswheninfactitistheretodogreatharm.Arethereanywolvesinsheep’sclothinginyourlife?Oftenwehaveintuition直觉aboutpeopleorsituationsfeelingsthatthesepeopleorsituationsshouldbeavoidedbutweignorethembasedontheirharmlessouterappearancE.WolvesindreamscouldbesignsthattherearehiddendangersinyourlifE.Neverignoreyourintuitionbecauseitdoesn’tmakeanysensE.Yourintuitionexiststoguideandprotectyouanditcandiscoverawolflongbeforeitremovesitswoolensuit.1.WhydoestheauthormentionAlaskanWolfHuntingFestivalinthefirstparagraph?A.tosupportthemainideaofthetextB.tointroducethetopicofthepassageC.toshowhispityforthewolvesD.toprovewolvesaregettingmoreattention2.Whatdoesyourinnerworldrefertointhefirstparagraph?A.heartsB.feelingsC.thoughtsD.dreams3.AccordingtothetextwolveshowlforthefollowingreasonsEXCETP.A.tocommunicatewithotherwolvesB.toaskforhelpC.tosharehowtheyfeelD.toadmirethemoon4.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.wolvesandtheirbehaviorsB.explanationsofpeople’sdreamsC.differenttypesofwolfD.hiddendangersinourdreams
ThisisatalkbyaLondontaxi出租车driver.I'vebeenataxidriverfornearlytenyears.MostLondontaxidrivershavetheirowntaxis.It'sanicejobmostoftime.youmeetalotofpeople.Ialwaysworkatnightbecausethereistoomuchtrafficduringtheday.Ilivetwentymiles英里outsideLondonandIgotoworkat5:30intheafternoon.Iusuallygohomebetween2and3inthemorning.Someverystrangethingshappenedlateatnight.TheotherdayIwastakingawomanhomefromaparty.Shehadherlittledogwithher.Whenwegottoherhouseshefoundthatshehadlostherkey.SoIwaitedinthecarwiththedogwhilesheclimbedinthroughthewindows.Iwaitedandwaited.AfterhalfanhourofringingthebellIdecidedtofindoutwhatwasgoingon.Itiedthedogtoatreeandstartedtoclimbinthroughthewindow.ThenextthingIknewwasthatthepolicecame.TheythoughtIwasathief小偷.Luckilythewomancamedownstairs下楼.Shemusthavegonetosleepandforgottenaboutmeandthedog!1.Thedriveralwaysworkedatnightbecauseitwaseasierto_____.A.driveB.makemoneyC.climbinthroughthewindowD.meetalotofpeople2.Thewomanclimbedinthroughthewindowbecause_____.A.shewantedtohaveasleepB.herhusbanddidn'topenthedoorforherC.shedidn'twanttopaythedriverD.shecouldn'tfindherkey3.Thestoryhappened_____.A.intheafternoonB.lateatnightC.20milesoutsideLondonD.nearthepolicestation4.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?A.Thedriverworkeduntilbetween2and3inthemorning.B.Thepolicemadeamistake.C.Thewomanhadnomoneytopaythedriver.D.Thewomanhadforgottenaboutthedriverandthedog.5.ThedriverclimbedinthroughthewindowtoA.getmoneyfromthewomanB.returnthedogtothewomanC.seewhatwashappeninginthehouseD.phonethepolice
Doesadrinkadaykeepheartattacksaway?Overthepast20yearsnumerousstudieshavefoundthatmoderatealcoholconsumptionsayoneortwobeersglassesofwineorcocktailsdailyhelpstopreventcoronaryheartdisease.LastweekareportintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineaddedstrongnewevidenceinsupportofthattheory.Moreimportanttheworkprovidedthefirstsolidindicationofhowalcoholworkstoprotecttheheart.InthestudyresearchersfromBoston’sBrighamandWomen’sHospitalandHarvadMedicalSchoolcomparedthedrinkinghabitsof340menandwomenwhohadsufferedrecentheartattackwiththoseofhealthypeopleofthesameageandsex.Thescientistsfoundthatpeoplewhosiponetothreedrinksadayareabouthalfaslikelytosufferheartattacksasnondrinkersare.Theapparentsourceoftheprotection:thosewhodrankalcoholhadhigherbloodlevelsofhighdensitylipoproteins脂蛋白thesocalledgoodcholesterol胆固醇whichisknowntopreventheartdisease.Asevidencehasmounted增长somedoctorshavebegunrecommendingadailydrinkforpatientsofheartdiseases.Butmostphysiciansarenotreadytorecommendaregularhappyhourforeveryone.Therisksofteetotalling绝对戒酒arenothingcomparedwiththedangersoftoomuchalcoholincludinghighbloodpressurestrokesandlivertroubles---nottomentionviolentbehaviorandtrafficaccident.Moreoversomestudiessuggestthatevenmoderatedrinkingmayincreasetheincidenceofbreastandcoloncancer.Untilthereisevidencethatthebenefitsofadailydose吸收剂量ofalcoholoutweightherisksmostpeoplewon’tbeabletotakeadoctor’sprescriptiontotheneighborhoodbarorliquorstore.1.Thereportmentionedinthefirstparagraphindicates________.A.thewayinwhichalcoholcanhelptheheart.B.thatacoupleofcocktailsdailycanhelpstopheartproblemsC.whyalcoholicdrinksaredangeroustoone’shealthD.thatreportsontheadvantagesofalcoholweremisled2.Experimentsshowedthatnondrinkershad___________.A.largeramountsofgoodcholesterolB.smalleramountsofgoodcholesterolC.higherbloodpressureD.lowerbloodpressure3.Accordingtothepassagemoderatedrinking_______.A.isrecommendedbymostdoctorsforheartpatientsB.shouldbeallowedonprescriptionC.isstillnotmedicallyadvisableD.isnotrelatedtoliverproblems4.Themainthemeofthispassageis___________.A.thechangeinrecentdrinkinghabitsB.theconnectionbetweencancerandalcoholC.whethermoderatedrinkersoutlivenondrinkersD.whetheralcoholmaybegoodforone’shealth
TheHeritage遗产atRiskprogrammeaimstounderstandtheoverallstateofEngland’sheritagebyassessingeachofitsdifferentelements.Inparticularweneedtoidentifythosethatarefacingthegreatestpressuresandthreats.Wewillusethisinformationtoworkouthowtoreducethosepressuresandinturntocalculatetheresourcesneededtomakeouruniqueheritageofhistoricplacessafe.Youcansearchforsitesontheregisterbyenteringasitenamelocationstreetoreducationalblockintheboxbelow.ConservationareasAnationwidesurveyofconservationareasindicatesthatapproximately1in7isatriskfromneglect疏忽decay腐烂orunpityingchange.Showyoursupportforourcampaigntosaveconservationareasfromunavoidabledeclineandreceiveafreecampaignpackbyregistering.Therearesome9300conservationareasacrossEnglandmeaningthatweallliveinorneartooneorvisitoneregularlyforworkshoppingorrest.TheyaretheelementofEngland’sheritagethatisallaroundusandwhichtouchesallofourlives.Butuntilnownoonehadaclearideawhatconditiontheywerein.BuildingsThetaskofassessingconditionandriskstartedwithbuildings.FollowingasurveyofallgradesoflistedbuildingsinLondonEnglishHeritagepublishedin1991thefirstannualregisterofthoseatriskthere.ThesuccessofthisLondonworkledtothenationalbuildingsatriskstrategyin1998andpublicationofaregisterofbuildingsatriskconversingallgradeIandIIlistedbuildingsandstructuralscheduledmonumentsinthecountryatriskandvulnerable易受伤害的.Parks&GardensThereare1600entriesonthecurrentEnglishHeritageRegisterofHistoricParksandGardensofSpecialHistoricInterest.Sitesatriskhavetypicallybeendiversely不利地affectedbydevelopmentandneglect;oftentheyhavebeenchangedbydevelopmentandarefacedwithmajorchange.Sometimesdevelopmentbeyondtheboundaryofaregisteredlandscapecanbejustasharmfulasconstructionwithinitsboundaries;thisisespeciallytruethatdevelopmentwouldinfluencedesignedviewsthatextendbeyondthechosensiteitself.1.Thepurposeofusingtheinformationtoworkouthowtoreducepressuresisto.A.assesseachofEnglishheritage’sdifferentelementsB.identifythosethatarefacingthegreatestpressuresandthreatsC.calculatetheresourcesneededtomakeheritageofhistoricsitessafeD.helpyoutosearchforsitesatriskontheregister2.ItcanbeinferredfromConservationareasthatconservationareasacrossEngland.A.arealmostallatriskfromneglectdecayorunpityingchangeB.canbeenteredwithacampaignpackfreeofchargeC.areinverycloseconnectionwithourlivesD.areinwhateverconditionpeoplearesureabout3.Thetextmainlytalksabout.A.EnglishheritageatriskB.historicplacesofinterestC.EnglishheritageregisterD.locationofEnglishheritage4.Accordingtothelastparagraphthebadeffectdevelopmenthasonthesitesatriskisthat.A.ithaschangedthesitesatriskwithnointentionB.itcansometimescauseharmbeyondtheregisteredboundariesC.itwouldaffectthedesignedviewsinsteadofthechosensitesD.ithasneglectedthelocalpeopleofspecialhistoricinterest
Samanunemployedpianotunersaiditwasonlythesecondthinghehadeverwoninhislife.ThefirstthingwasanAfghanblanketatachurchraffle抽奖whenhewas25yearsold.Butthiswasmuchbigger:itwas$120000!HehadwontheBigCubeastatelottery彩票game.Towinacontestantmustfirstguesswhichnumberaspinningcubewillstopon.Thecubehassixnumbersonit:1X10X50X100X500Xand1000X.Ifheiscorrectthecontestantmustthenguesswhichoftwoselectedvariables变量isgoingtobegreater.Sojustguessingwhichnumberappearsonthecubedoesnotguaranteethatyouwillwinanymoney.Samcorrectlyguessed1000Xbuthestillhadtochoosebetweentwovariables.OnevariablewasthenumberofcarsthatwouldrunthestopsignatHillStreetandLakeAvenueinsixhours.TheothervariablewasthenumberoftimesthatateenageboywouldchangeTVchannelsinathree-hourperiod.Thiswasatoughdecision.FinallySamflippedacoin.ItcameupheadssoSampickedtheteenager.Hepickedright.Thestopsignwasrunonly76timesbuttheteenclicked120times.Sixty-year-oldSamjumpedforjoyforhehadjustwon1000times120or$120000.Samdreamilyleftthelotterystudio.Talkingexcitedlyonhiscellphonewhilecrossingthestreethegothitbyalittlesportscar.Samisslowlygettingbetter.Hewasinthehospitalforamonth.Hishospitalbillwas$110000.Andtheinsurancecompanyforthelittlesportscar’sownersued起诉Samfor$9000worthofrepairs.AlsoSamstillhastopayfederaltaxesonhiswinnings.Samdoesn’tplaythestatelotteryanymore.Hesaysit’sbettertobeunlucky.1.WhatcanbeinferredaboutSamfromthepassage?A.Healwayshasbadluck.B.Heseldomgoestoaraffle.C.Heisaverycarefulpersoninlife.D.Heusedtobecrazyaboutlotterytickets.2.WhichofthefollowingplayedavitalroleinSam’swinningthebigprize?A.Thecube.B.Thecoin.C.Theblanket.D.Thestopsign.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thelotterygamewasacompletelie.B.Samwasquitefamiliarwiththeboy.C.Theownerofthecarisnowinhospital.D.Samwillhavenoneoftheprizemoneyleft.4.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CuriositykilledthecatB.JoyputsheartintoamanC.ExtremejoyendsinsorrowD.Abirdinhandisworthtwointhebush
WhenIwasstillastudentIfoundithardtogetbackontrackwithschoolaftertheholidaybreakended.FortunatelyIcouldalsomakeupforlatehomework.ButasaworkingprofessionalInolongerhavethatluxury—anydelayormistakesinmyworkcausedbyaholidayhangovermayendupbeingcostly.Thegoodnewsisthatwithasimplestrategyinplaceitwon’ttakemuchefforttoreturntoyournormalproductivitylevel.Planyourpost-holidayworkscheduleevenbeforetheholidaybegins.ThisistheprimaryreasonwhyIeasilygotbacktomyregularworkload.AssoonastheholidaywasoverallIhadtodowaslookatthescheduleIpreparedtwoweeksearliertoseewhatIneededtodo.WithoutitIwouldhaveprobablyspentadayortworegrouping.Ihavetoadmitthatit’swisetoworkalittleduringtheholidays.Ifyoufeelthat’sbeingtoomuchofakilljoychoosetoworkonlighttasks—perhapscheckingyourmailorbrainstorming.Thepointistoavoidworkbeingoverwhelmingaftertheholidays.Itdoesn’tmeanyou’llgetupinthemiddleofafamilygatheringandstarttypingawayinyourlaptop.Makeyourselfpartofthefestivitiesonlygetsomeworkdoneduringtimeswhenlessishappening.Stickwithyournormalbodyclock.Manypeoplefeeltiredpost-holidaysbecausetheirbodyclockshaveadjustedtoalaterwaking-uptime.Ifthishashappenedtoyoumakesuretotryandresetyourbodyclockbacktosuityouridealsleepinghoursbeforetheregularworkweekstarts.It’simportanttorelax.Iknowsomepeoplewhoactuallyspendtheholidaysbeingcompletelystressedoutpreparinggiftsandcelebrations.Theironyistheydon’tendupenjoyingtheirsupposedvacationtimefromwork.Avoidfallingintothattrapandcatchuponyoursleep.1.Howmanytipsdoestheauthormentioninthispassage?A.2.B.3.C.4.D.5.2.What’sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A.Dosomelightworkwhileyouenjoyyourholidays.B.Toomuchworkduringtheholidaysisakilljoy.C.Makeyourselfpartofthefestivities.D.Don’tforgetyourmailduringyourholidays.3.Accordingtothepassagesomepeoplefeeltiredaftertheholidaybecausethey_______.A.worktoomuchduringtheholidaysB.disturbtheirnormalbodyclockC.don’thaveenoughsleepduringtheholidaysD.alwayshavemoreworktodothanusual4.Wemaylearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.theauthorisastudentonhisholidayB.theauthoralwaysruinshisworkafter-holidayC.it’simportanttopre-plantheworkscheduleD.holidaysareusuallybadforregularwork5.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.PlanYourHolidaysWiselyB.WorkHardafterYourHolidaysC.After-holidayWorkIsOverwhelmingD.HowtoAvoidAfter-holidayTiredness
AtpresentinmanyAmericancitiesespeciallymanyteachersinthepublicschoolssaytheyareunderpaid.Theypointtojobssuchassecretaryortruckdriverwhichoftenpaymoretostartthanthatofateacher.Inmanyotherfieldssuchaslawmedicinecomputerscienceabeginningworkermaymakemorethanateacherwhohastaughtforseveralyears.Teachinghasneverbeenaprofessionthatattractedpeopleinterestedinhighsalaries.Itisbyhistoryaprofessionthathasprovidedrewardsinadditiontomoney—thesatisfactionofsharingknowledgeofinfluencingothersofguidingyoungpeople.Butinthepastseveralyearstherearemoredifficultiesinteachingformanythantherearerewards.Unrulystudentsespeciallyinbigcitieslargeclassesandalackofsupportfromthepublicintermsofmoneyandunderstandinghaveledmanypublicschoolteacherstoleavetheprofession.Asaresultmanyofthebeststudentswhowouldhavechosenteachingastheirlifecareerinthepastaregoingintootherfields.AnotherreasonforthischangeinteachercandidatesisthechangingstatusofwomenintheUnitedStates.Untilthelate1960sand1970soneofthemostpopularchoicesforwomenwasteaching.Butasotherprofessionssuchaslawandmedicineopeneduptowomenwomenstoppedpouringintoteachertrainingprograms.Thusamajorpoolofexcellentcandidatesfortheteachingprofessiondwindled.Bitbybitgovernmentofficialsandothersrealizedthatthestatusoftheteacherhadsuffered.Theytalkedaboutchange.ButthechangeinavastsocietyliketheUnitedStatesisnoteasy.People’sattitudeshaveformedovermanyyearsandsometimeschangetakesmanyyears.1.TheunderlinedwordthatinParagraph1refersto.A.moneyB.jobC.secretaryD.truckdriver2.Whatisthepresentsituationoftheteaching?A.Teachersworkharderandgetunderpaid.B.Teachershavenoopportunitiestoworkinotherfields.C.Teachingcanattractbeststudentstoworkasateacher.D.Teachingcanproviderewardsaswellashighsalaries.3.Manypublicschoolteachersturntootherprofessionsbecause.A.thegovernmentdoesn’tfinaciallysupportthemB.theyhavetoworklongerhoursthanalawyerC.theirstudentsrefusetolistentothemD.theyarenotfairlytreated4.Theauthorbelievesthatchangeinteachers’statusintheUnitedStates.A.isnotgreatB.isimpossibleC.influencespeople’sattitudeD.needstime
Anewageiscoming.Callitwhatyouwill:theserviceeconomytheinformationagetheknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoafundamentalchangeinthewaywework.Alreadywe’repartlytherethepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthingshasfallendramaticallyintheWesternWorld.TodaythemajorityofjobsinAmericaEuropeandJapanareintheserviceindustryandthenumberisontherise.Morewomenareintheworkforcethaneverbefore.Therearemorepart-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employed.Buttherangeoftheeconomictransformationcan’tbemeasuredbynumbersalonebecauseitalsoisgivingrisetoimportantnewwayofthinkingaboutthenatureofworkitself.Long-heldideasaboutjobsandcareerstheskillsneededtosucceedeventherelationbetweenindividualsandemployers—allthesearebeingchallenged.Wehaveonlytolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylieahead.Noonelookingahead20yearspossiblycouldhaveforeseenthewaysinwhichasingleinventionthechipwouldtransformourworldthankstoitsapplicationsinpersonalcomputersdigitalcommunicationsandfactoryrobots.Tomorrow’sachievementsinbiotechnologyartificialintelligenceorevensomestillunimaginedtechnologycouldproduceasimilarwaveofdramaticchanges.Butonethingiscertain:informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmorevalidandthepeoplewhopossessitwhethertheyworkinmanufacturingorserviceswillhavetheadvantageandproducethewealth.Computerknowledgewillbecomeasbasicarequirementastheabilitytoreadandwrite.Theabilitytosolveproblemsbyapplyinginformationinsteadofperformingroutinetaskswillbevaluedaboveallelse.Ifyoucastyourmindahead10yearsinformationservicewillbesuperior.Itwillbethewayyoudoyourjob.1.Acharacteristicofthenewagementionedinthepassageisthat_______.A.theserviceindustrymainlyreliesonfemalesB.manufacturingindustriesaresteadilyincreasingC.morepeopleareintheserviceindustrythanbeforeD.theworkintheserviceindustryismorecomfortablethanthatinmanufacturingindustry2.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.People’straditionalconceptsaboutjobsneedchanging.B.Therelationbetweenemployeesandemployersisbecomingtense.C.Morewomenthanmenareintheworkforce.D.Part-timejobsaremorewelcomethanfull-timejobs.3.Bymentioningtheinventionofthechiptheauthormeanstosaythat_______.A.wehaven’tpaidenoughattentiontotheimportanceofhightechnologyB.thechipisthemostimportantinventiontodayC.thepowerofscienceandtechnologyisbeyondourimaginationD.it’sagreatchallengetoapplynewinventionstoourlife4.Wemaydrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat_______.A.informationwillplayagreaterroleinpeople’sworkanddailylifeinthefutureB.wecanforeseethefutureiftechnologydevelopsfastenoughC.theabilityofperformingroutinetasksgivesyouanadvantageinworkD.robotswillreplacepeopletodoalltheworkbothinmanufacturingandserviceindustries5.Theauthor’sattitudetothecomingageis_______.A.doubtfulB.enthusiasticC.satisfiedD.uncertain
Thereoncewasalittleboywhooftenlosthistemperandendedupquarrelingwithhisfriends.InordertohelpthesonhisFathergavehimabagof1andtoldhimthateverytimehelosthistemperandgotmadat2hemusthammeranailintothebackofthefencE.Thefirstdaythelittleboyhad3thirtynailsintothefencE.Overthenextfewweeks4helearnedtocontrolhisangerthenumberofnailshammereddailygraduallybecame5.Threemonthslaterthelittleboydiscovereditwaseasierto6histemperthantohammerthosenailsintothefencE.7thedaycamewhenthelittleboydidnotlosehistemper8.Hetoldhisfatheraboutitandthefather9thatthelittleboynowpulloutonenail10eachdaywhenhewasabletocontrolhistemper.Thedaypassedandthelittleboywas11abletotellhisfatherthatallthenailswere12.Thefather13hislittleboybythehandandledhimtothefencE.HesaidYouhavedonewellmysonbutlookatthe14inthefencE.Thefencewillneverbethe15.Whenyousaythingsinangerthey16ascarjustlikethisoneonthepersontowhomyouloseyourtemper.You17putaknifeinamananddrawitout.Itwon’t18howmanytimesyousayI’msorry19thewoundisstilltherE.A.woundcausedbywordsisasbadasa20onE.thehurtandpaincausedbythetonguearedeeperthanthosecausedbythehanD.1.A.booksB.toolsC.nailsD.suggestions2.A.somebodyB.anybodyC.everybodyD.nobody3.A.discoveredB.drivenC.pushedD.pulled4.A.tillB.unlessC.asD.although5.A.smallerB.largerC.easierD.shorter6.A.catchB.holdC.breakD.lose7.A.AndthenB.AswithC.UptoD.Fromthenon8.A.afterallB.atallC.inallD.atonce9.A.desiredB.requestedC.intendedD.suggested10.A.forB.withC.ofD.at11.A.eagerlyB.fortunatelyC.finallyD.hardly12.A.lostB.returnedC.goneD.spared13.A.seizedB.showedC.touchedD.took14.A.nailsB.cutsC.holesD.surface15.A.oneB.bestC.sameD.fence16.A.runB.leaveC.leadD.remain17.A.canB.willC.shouldD.need18.A.changeB.matterC.surviveD.disappear19.A.butB.orC.soD.for20.A.physicalB.violentC.terribleD.serious
Playisthebasicbusinessofchildhoodandinrecentyearsresearchhasshownthegreatimportanceofplayinthedevelopmentofahumanbeing.Fromearliestinfancy婴儿everychildneedsopportunityandrightmaterialsforplayandthemaintoolsofplayaretoys.Themainfunctionoftoysistosuggestencourageandplay.Tosucceedinthistheymustbegoodtoyswhichchildrenwillplaywithoftenandwillcomebackagainandagain.Thereforeitisimportanttochoosesuitabletoysfordifferentstagesofachild’sdevelopment.Inrecentyearsresearchoninfantdevelopmenthasshownthatthestandardachildislikelytoreachwithintherangeofhisinheritedabilitiesislargelydeterminedinthefirstthreeyearsofhislife.Soababy’sabilitytobenefitfromtherightplaymaterialsshouldnotbeunderestimated.Ababywhoisencouragedtalkedtoandshownthingsandplayedwithhasthebestchanceofgrowingupsuccessfully.Inthenextstagefromthreetofiveyearsoldcuriosityknowsnobounds.Everytypeofsuitabletoysshouldbemadeavailabletothechildfortryingoutexperimentingandlearningfordiscoveringhisownparticularability:Bricksandjigsawsandconstructiontoys;paintingscribblingandmakingthings;sandandwaterplay;toysforimaginativeandpretendingplay—thefirstsocialgamesforlearningtoplayandgetonwithothers.Butatthethirdstageofplaydevelopment—fromfivetosevenoreightyearsold—thechildisatschool.Butforafewmoreyearsplayisstillthebestwayoflearningathomeoratschool.Itiseasiertoseewhichtypeoftoysthechildmostenjoys.Untiltheageofsevenoreightplayandworkmeanmuchthesametoachild.Butoncereadinghasbeenmasteredthenbooksbecomethemainsourceoflearning.Toysarestillinterestingandvaluablewhichleaduptonewhobbiesbuttheirsignificancehaschangedtoachildofnineortenyearsoldtoysandgamesmeanastoadultsrelaxationandfun.1.Accordingtothefirstpassageweknowthatasachildgrowsup______.A.heshouldbeallowedtochoosehisowntoys.B.heshouldbegiventhesametoys.C.heshouldbegivenfewerandfewertoys.D.heshouldbegivendifferenttoys.2.Accordingtothepassagetheabilitiesachildhasinheritedfromhisparents______.A.determinehischaracterB.willnotchangeaftertheageofthree.C.partlydeterminedthestandardheislikelytoreachD.toalargeextentdeterminethechoiceoftoys3.Welearnfromthepassagethatachildhasboundlesscuriosity______.A.whenheistwoB.whenheisaroundfourC.whenheissixD.whenheiseight4.Thepassageismainlyabout_______.A.theroleofplayinachild’sdevelopmentB.theimportanceofschoolingC.theimportanceofpre-schooleducationD.thechoiceoftoysforyoungster
阅读下列应用文及相关情息并按照要求匹配信息首先请阅读下列课程的信息A.CityWaterSkiingCentre—Wearcintheheartofthecityandgiveyouaneasychancetoenjoythefunandexcitementofwaterskiing.Weofferhalfhourlessonseveryhourbetween9amand4pm.AfunwaytogetalotofexercisequicklyandthenstayfitB.HorseRidingSchool—Ourexperiencedteachersprovideone-on-oneinstructionthatmakesleaningtorideahorsesafeandeasy.Wearelocatedonalargefarmwhereyouwillbeabletogettoenjoylotsoffreshairandthebeautyofnature.Open7daysaweekbetween8amand6pm.C.BallroomDancingSociety—Thedancingsocietyisorganizingaspecialcoursefornewmembers.Noexperienceisnecessaryandifyoudon'thaveyourownpartnerwewillarrangeoneforyou.Havefunlearningtodanceandmakingnewfriendsinclassandatourmanysocialevents.ClasseseveryMondayandThursdayfrom7pmt09pm.D.HikingClub—Theclubislookingfornewmemberstojoinusonourregularhikes.Eachweekendwegotolocalmountainandforestlocationsforlongwalksprovidingthechanceforplentyofexerciseandfreshair.Differentmemberstakeparteachweeksoyouwillhavethechancetomakenewfriends.Thehikesrangeindifficultyfromeasytoveryhardandweexpectourmembertobefitbeforetheyjoin.E.Ron'sBoxingGym—Wedon'tjustteachyouhowtobox;weteachyouhowtokeepfitfortherestofyourlife.Ourtraininginvolvesmanydifferentactivitiessuchasrunningskippingandliftingweightaswellas—ofcourse—actualboxing.Onceamonthwealsoorganizepracticefightsformembersofthesamesexandweight.Open2pmto10pm.F.WaterPoloClub—Ifyoucanswimandlikeballsportsthenyou'1llovewaterpolo.Itislikeplayingfootballinthewaterafunandlow-impactwaytostayhealthy.Asawater-basedsportitisalsotheidealwaytorecoverfrominjury.Openweekdays9amto11amand4pmto8pm.请阅读下列个人信息然后匹配人物与拟选的课程1.Harold-isabusybankmanagerworkinginthecity.Hehasputonalotofweightinrecentyearsandwantstotakeupasportthatwillhelphimgetfit.Heenjoysthrillingandexcitingsportsbutasheoftenhastoworklateintotheeveningandontheweekendsoheonlyhastimetogoduringhisworkdaylunchhour.2.Maude—hasbeenretiredfor2years.Sheisingoodhealthbutwantstokeepactiveandremaininshape.Sheisinterestedinahobbythatisn'ttoodifficulttolearnandwillgiveherlotsoffreshairandthechancetomeetsomenewfriends.Sheonlyhasfreetimeontheweekendasmostweekdaysarespenttakingcareofhergrandchildren3.Sid—isahighschoolstudentthatrecentlyhurthiskneeplayingfootball.Thedoctorhastoldhimthatforthenext6monthsheshouldn'tputtoomuchpressureorweightonitandheneedstodosomesportthatwillhelphimbuilduphisstrengthbutwillnotcauseanymoredamagetohisknee.Afternoonafterschoolishispreferredtime.4.Nancy-isauniversitystudentwholovesexcitementandisalwayswillingtotryoutsomethingdifferent.Shehaslittlepatiencehoweverandwantsasportingactivitythatwillgiveherthechancetodomanydifferentthings.Assheworksparttimeafterclassandontheweekendsheisonlyfreeonweekdayafternoon.5.Spike-hasrecentlymovedtothecityanddoesn'thavemanyfriends.Heisnotreallyasportsfanbutwantstodosomethingthatisfunandthatwillgivehimthechancetomeetnewpeople.Heisonlyfreeintheevening.
OnewarmMaydaytwoeighteen–year–oldstudentsfromSanFranciscoStateCollegedecidedtocooloffwithaswimatBakers’Beach.ThetwostudentswerenamedRobertKoglerandShirleyO’Neill.Theyheadedouttoseaforadistanceof50meters.Robertwasinfront.SuddenlyIheardhimscreamShirleyrecalls.Ilookedroundandsawthisgreatgreythinggoingupintheair.Thewaterseemedtobealive.Robertscreamedagain.It’sashark!Getoutofhere!Aneye–witnessArmySergeantLeoP..Daywasonguardatthenearbyarmypost.Hesawexactlywhathappenednext.Icouldseethisboystrugglingwiththesharkinthewaterhesaid.Theseawasredwithblood.Hewasshoutingandsignallingsomeonetogobackgoback.ThenIsawthegirl.Shewasswimmingtowardshim.Shecompletelyignoredhiswarning.ShirleyreachedRobertandtriedtotakehishand.WhenIpulledallIcouldseewashisarmhandingbyathreadshesaid.SosheputherarmaboutRobert’sbackandstartedtoswimtowardstheshore.ShekeptprayingDon't’letitattackagain!Thatjourneytotheshoreseemedtolastforhours.Atlastastheynearedtheshoreafishermanthrewthemalineandpulledthemboththerestoftheway.TheyoungmanhadlostalotofbloodanddiedtwoandahalfhourslaterFromtheteethmarksexpertsidentifiedtheattackerasaGreatWhiteShark.ForwhatSergeantDaycalledthegreatestexhibitionofbraveryIhaveeverseenthePresidentoftheUSgaveShirleyamedalforbravery.1.WhenAlbertwasattackedbyasharkShirley.A.wasswimmingintheseaB.waswatchinghimontheshoreC.wasonguardatthenearbyarmypostD.wasshoutingandstrugglingwithasharktoo2.Choosetherighttimeorderofthefollowingeventsinthestory.a.ArmySergeantsawthegirlswimmingtotheboy.b.Shirleysawagreatgreything.c.Theyheadedouttosea.d.Robertdied.e.Afishermanthrewthemaline.f.Hesawaboystrugglingwithashark.A.bcedfaB.cafdebC.bcfadeD.cbfaed3.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.thetwostudentswerebraveandconsiderateB.thefishermanwasadventurousandhelpfulC.theexpertsdidn’tdomuchresearchonsharksD.theSergeantcaredtoomuchabouthisownlife
WinatriptotheOREGONCOAST–DaretoExplorethePacificOcean.Buildthebiggestsandcastleonthebeach.SearchtidepoolsforsealifE.Watchthebrightorangesunsetovertheocean.Whetheryou'vebeentothePacificOceanbeforeorhaveonlyclosedyoureyesandimagineditNationalGeographicKidsandTravelOregonwanttoknowhowyouwouldexploretheOregonCoastifyouhadthechancetogothissummer.JUDGING1.ClearrelationshipbetweentheEssayandtheDrawing40%2.CreativityandskillindesignandformoftheDrawing40%3.Expressionofthepassiontodrawandexplore10%4.JournalisticqualitytidynatureandoverallqualityoftheEssay10%PRIZEByenteringyouwillhavethechancetowinanallexpensepaidtriptotheOREGONCOAST.Activitieswillinclude:kiteflyingstudyingbeautifulseacreaturessearchingforsealifeinaboatscienceexplorationatasciencecenterandroastingoverbeachcampfirE.Whomayenter:Thecompetitionisopentokidsaged6–14.TERM:Entries参赛作品mustbepostmarkednolaterthanJuly312009.HowtoenterSurftravelOregon.com/kidstodownloadandprintoutanentryform.BesuretomarkwhetheryouhaveorhavenotbeentothePacificOceanintheform.GreateradrawingofthePacificOceanonapieceofpaperusingapenorpaints.Writeanarticleof100wordsorlesstoexplainwhyyouwanttogowhatyouthinkyouwouldseeandwhatyouwouldexploreifyouhaveneverbeentothePacificOceanordescribeyourfavoritememoriesfromyourlastvisit.SendtoDaretoExplorethePacificOcean.NG114514thstreetNWWashingtonD.C.200361.Whatisthemostimportantforthejudging?A.Whetheryourarticleiswritteninaneatway.B.ThearticleandthedrawingshouldbecloselyrelateD.C.WhetheryoushowyourpassiontodrawandexplorE.D.TheskillinyourdrawingthemapoftheAtlanticOcean.2.Ifyouwinthecompetitionyoumay.A.searchthebeachforseaplatsB.flyakiteonthebeachC.roasttheseacreaturesoverabeachcampfireD.winanallexpensepaidtriptoWashingtonD.C.3.Whatinformationcanyougetfromthepassage?A.Yourarticleshouldbeatleast100words.B.Everykidcantakepartinthecompetition.C.YoumustsendthedrawingbeforeJune312009.D.Yourentryformshouldbedownloadedandprintedout.4.Youcanmostprobablyreadthepassagein.A.atextbookB.atravelguideC.anewspaperD.aresearchbook
JohnBlanchardwasstudyingthecrowdmakingtheirwaythroughthestation.Hewaslookingforthegirlwitharosewhoseheartheknewbutwhosefacehedidn’t.WhenreadingabookinaFloridalibraryayearbeforeJohnbecameinterestednotinthecontentsofthebookbutinthenotespenciledinthemargin.Thehandwritingreflectedathoughtfulsoulandbeautifulmind.Hediscoveredtheformerowner'snameinthefrontofthebook:MissHollisMaynell.Helocatedheraddressandwrotealetterintroducinghimself.Thenextdayhewasshippedoverseastoserveinthearmy.Duringthenextyeartheygrewtoknoweachotherthroughthemailandtheirfriendshipdeveloped.Johnrequestedaphotographbutsherefusedsayingifhereallycareditwouldn'tmatterwhatshelookedlike.Whenthedayfinallycameforhimtoreturnhometheirfirstmeetingwassuggested—7:00p.m.attheGrandCentralStationinNewYork.ShewroteYou’llrecognizemebytheredroseIwearonmycoat.SonowJohnwasinthestationtomeetthegirlwitharose.AsaprettyandslimgirlingreencameoverJohnnoticedherblueeyeslikeflowersinspring.Hewalkeddirectlytowardsherentirelyforgettingshewasnotwearingarose.AsJohncameclosertoherhesawanotherwomanwitharedrosestoodnearby.Wellpast40thiswomanhadgrayinghairdoneunderawornhat.SeeingthegirlingreenwalkquicklyawayJohnfeltasifheweresplitintwo.Hedesiredtofollowthatgirlbutlongedforthewomanwhosespirithadtrulycompanionedandsupportedhim.Thewomanlookedgentleandsensible.JohnwenttohersayingI’mCaptainJohnBlanchard.YoumustbeMissMaynell.Iamgladtomeetyouhere.MayItakeyoutodinner?SherepliedwithasmileIdon’tknowwhatthisisabout.Buttheladyingreenwhojustwentbybeggedmetowearthisroseonmycoat.ShesaidifyouaskedmeouttodinnerI’dtellyousheiswaitingforyouinthebigrestaurantacrossthestreet.Shesaiditwassomekindoftest!1.Johnwaseagertoknowtheformerownerofthebookbecausehe______.A.wasveryinterestedinthecontentsofthebookB.wasimpressedbythenoteswrittenbyitsownerC.wantedtoimprovehishandwritingD.wantedtodiscussthebookwithher2.WhathappenedtoJohnaftergettingintouchwithMissHollisMaynell?A.Heservedinthearmyabroad.B.Hewentoverseasforvacation.C.HewentonabusinesstripinNewYork.D.HevisitedMissMaynell.3.Whatdoweknowaboutthewomanwitharose?A.ShewasMissMaynell’sclosefriend.B.Shewasawaitressinthebigrestaurant.C.Shewasprobablyapasserby.D.ShewaspaidtomeetJohnattheStation.4.Whichwouldbethebesttitleofthetext?A..AnInterestingBookB..AWomanWithaRoseC..ABraveSoldierD.ALoveTest
Jean–Gilleswasamillionaire.ButTuesdaynighthewassleepinginhiscar.Jean–GilleswastheownerofthePeaceofMindHotelinJacmelHaitiathree–story30–roombuildinginaquiettropicalvalleyonHaiti’ssoutherncoast25milesfromthenoisesofthecapitalPort–au–Prince.Jean–GillesandhiswifeMarielivedinanapartmentonthepropertycloseenoughtowatchcarefullyovertheguestroomsconferenceroomsandrestaurantcloseenoughthattheyknowthefirstnameofeveryguest.Afterthe7.0–earthquakehitat4:57pmonJan.122010theysleptintheiragingIsuzuparkedinthehoteldriveway.Jean–Gillesfiguredasecondwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathwhentheearthquakestruck.Hewasworkinginaground–floorconferenceroomandfirstheardthenfeltthequake.HeaskedhiselectricianRoberneSt.Louiswhowasworkingnearbywhatwashappening.Getout.Now.Getout.NowSt.Louissaid.Jean–Gillesclearedthefallingstructurebyameresecondheestimated.Hiswifewhowasworkinginthecouple’sapartmentonthesecondfloorwasn’tabletogetclear.Peoplenearbyheardherscreamsaftertheshakingstoppedandremovedthebuildingblocksaroundherbyhand.Shewasshakenandscratchedbutwalkedawayfromtheruins.Iamalive.GodisgoodsherepeatedoverandoveronSaturday.ThePeaceofMindHotelwasadreamwhichhadcometrueforJean–Gilles57andMarie59.BorninPort–au–PrincetheymovedtotheUnitedStatesshortlyaftermeeting34yearsago.TogethertheyownedabeautysupplystoreinjerseyCityNewJerseyandinvestedinrealestate.In2003theycashedouttheirUSinvestmentsreturnedtoHaitiandbeganbuildingthePeaceofMindHotellookingtomakeafutureforthemselvesandthepeopleoftheirhomeland.1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutJean–GillesisTURE?A.HelivedfarfromthePeaceofMindHotel.B.HehelpedSt.Louistomanageahotel.C.HewasborninHaitiin1976.D.HeonceownedastoreintheUS.2.AccordingtothepassagethePeaceofMindHotel.A.offeredguestsdifferentservicesB.waslocatedinthecapitalcityofHaitiC.wasabuildingwith30guestroomsD.wasownedbyMarieandSt.Louis3.WhentheearthquakehitMariewas.A.sleepinginthecarB.workingintheconferenceroomC.workingonthesecondfloorD.cookingintherestaurant4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.A.Haitiisthe51ststateoftheUSB.theearthquakehappenedquicklyandunexpectedlyC.nobodyinthehoteldiedintheearthquakeD.Mariewasnotsadaboutlosingherpropertyintheearthquake
Youcandepositmoneyinabuildingsocietyandobtainyearlyinterestatacertainrate.Youcanalsoborrowmoneyfromabuildingsociety.Whatthenisdifferencebetweenabankandabuildingsociety?Infactabuildingsocietydoesnotseemtobeverydifferentfromasavingsbank.Manypeopleregularlysavemoneybydepositingsmallamountsmonthlyinabuildingsocietyjustasotherpeopleregularlysavemoneybydepositingsmallamountsmonthlyinasavingsbank.Somepeopledepositlargeamountsinabuildingsocietyasaninvestment.Theyreceivehigherinterestthantheywouldreceivefromasavingsbank;theirmoneycanbeinvestedeitherinbuildingsocietysharesorinloanstothesociety.Thesesocietiesarecontrolledbylawbuttheyarenotgovernmentorganizations.Theywereoriginallystartedtoenablepeopletobuyhouses.Oneoftheirmainpurposesistoprovideloansforbuyingorbuildinghouses.Manypeoplepreferbuyingahousetopayingrentbutsomeofthemcannotaffordtobuyahouse.Tocoverthecosttheyborrowthemoneyfromabuildingsociety.Theloanplustheinterestispaidbackinmonthlyamountsoveranagreednumberofyears.Probablythepaymentsmadeinthiswayarenomorethantherentofarentedhouse.Butattheendofthestatedperiodwhenthedebtispaidtheborrowerbecomestheownerofthehouse.Toprotectthebuildingsocietyfrombaddebtshemustsignastatementtosaythatthehousebelongstothesocietyuntilthedebtispaid.Abuildingsocietyinveststhesavingsofitsshareholdersinhousesandproperty.Unlikeabankitdoesnotserveasageneralclearinghouse清算所foreverykindofexchangeorbusinessoperation.Itsactivitiesarelimitedcomparedwiththoseofabank.1.Abuildingsocietyisdifferentfromabankinthat____.A.theformerislimitedinitsactivitiesB.thelatterislimitedinfunctioncomparedwiththeformerC.abankdoesn’tserveasageneralclearinghouseD.abuildingsocietycanprotectitselffrombaddebt2.Somepeopleputlargeamountsofmoneyinthebuildingsocietybecause_______.A.theycangetmoreprofitthantheydoinabank.B.theymaychoosebetweentheformofbuildingsocietysharesandthatofloansfortheirinvestmentC.theymayenjoysharesandloansatthesametimeD.theylikethesociety3.Ifyouborrowmoneyfromthesocietytobuyahouse____.A.youhavetoreturnthemoneytothebuildingsocietythemomentitisneeded.B.youhavetosignanagreementtorepaytheloanafteranumberofyearsC.whatyoupaybackmonthlyfortheloanwouldbelessthantherentD.thehousedoesn’tbelongtoyouunlessyouhaverepaidallthedebt
Steveatwelve-year-oldboywithalcoholicparentswasabouttodropoutofschool.Hehadbeen1sincehisfirstgrade.Hewas2untilhemetMissWhite3helikedthisbeautifulteacherhestillfailedandneverdidhis4.Sohewasoftenpunished.OneFridayMisswhitewent5thetestresultsoftheseventhgrade.Youalldidprettywellshetoldtheclassexceptforoneboyandit6myhearttotellyouthisbutShe7staringatSteve.Thesmartestboyintheseventhgradeisfailingmyclass!’’Alltheotherchildrenlookedathim.Steve8hiseyesandcarefullyexaminedhis9.Afterthatthingswerenotbetter.Stevestill10dohishomework.Evenasthe11becamemoresevereheremainedstubborn固执的.Just12it!Oneweek!Hewas13.You’resmartenough!You’llseeachange!Itdidn’tmattertohim.Giveyourselfachance!Don’t14uponyourlife!15happenedSteve!Please!Icareaboutyou!Wow!Someonecaredabouthim?16Stevegotit!Fromthatmomenton17athomeremainedthesamebutlifestill18.Hediscoveredthatnotonlycouldhe19buthewasgoodatit!Stevebegantoexcel突出!Andhecontinuedthiscoursethroughouthisschoollife.StevegraduatedfromcollegeMagnaCumLaudeandhadasuccessfulcareer.Inhisfollowingdaysheinspiredmanyyoungpeoplewhowithouthimmightnothavebelievedinthemselves.MissWhitelefthimgreattreasure.She20oneboywhohaschangedmanylives.Achangetookplacewithintheheartofoneboyallbecauseofateacher'scare.1.A.failingB.jokingC.studyingD.applying2.A.worriedB.cautiousC.unnoticedD.anxious3.A.IneaseB.EventhoughC.AsifD.Eversince4.A.examB.cleaningC.experimentD.homework5.A.alongB.overC.forD.with6.A.movesB.stopsC.opensD.breaks7.A.complainedB.whisperedC.hesitatedD.concluded8.A.droppedB.shutC.openedD.raised9.A.marksB.classmatesC.experiencesD.fingers10.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t11.A.attackB.painC.difficultyD.punishment12.A.forgetB.tryC.makeD.bear13.A.embarrassedB.scaredC.unmovedD.ashamed14.A.giveB.checkC.1etD.pick15.A.SomethingB.NothingC.EverythingD.Anything16.A.SimplyB.SuddenlyC.CertainlyD.Naturally17.A.studyB.workC.1ifeD.1abor18.A.livedB.continuedC.enjoyedD.changed19.A.helpB.careC.1earnD.inspire20.A.savedB.foundC.comfortedD.appreciated
ReadthefollowingtextandchoosethemostsuitableheadingfromA-Fforeachparagraph.Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneed.A.DrugoveruseanditsconsequenceB.TheproblemofdrugoveruseinAmericaC.BenefitsofmedicineanditswiseuseD.FemaledrugoverusewithreferencetothatofmalesE.MisuseofmedicineamongtheyounggenerationF.Improperuseofmedicineamongseniorcitizens1.Nowadays.millionsofpeoplemisuseandevenoverusepainmedicationsandotherdrugs.ResearchbytheAmericanNationalInstituteonDrugAbuseNIDA1999showsthataround2%ofthepopulationoverage12wereusingdrugsnon-medically.2.NIDAviewsmedicationsasapowerfulforceforgoodinthecontemporaryworld.Theyreduceandremovepainformillionsofpeoplesufferingfromillnessanddisease.Theymakeitpossiblefordoctorstoperformcomplicatedsurgerytosavelives.Manypeopleafflictedbyseriousmedicalconditionsareabletocontroltheirsymptomsandbecomeactivecontributingcitizens.NIDApointsoutthatmostindividualswhotakethesedragsusetheminaresponsible.3.Nevertheless.overuseofdrugssuchasopioidscentralnervoussystemCNSdepressantsandstimulantsdoesleadtoharmfulrelianceinsomepeopleandisthereforebecomingaseriouspublichealthconcern.AlthoughthisabuseaffectsmanypeopleworldwideparticulartrendsofconcerntothemedicalprofessionintheUSappearamongolderadultsteenagersandwomen.4.Thoughitmaybeasurprisetomanythemisuseofmedicationsmaybethemostcommonformofdrugabuseamongtheelderly.DrKennethSchraderofDukeUniversityNorthCarolinastatesthatalthoughtheelderlyrepresentabout13%oftheUSpopulationthoseaged65andoveraccountfortheconsumptionofonethirdofalldrugs.Peopleinthisagegroupusemedicationsroughlythreetimesmorethanthegeneralpopulationandhavepoorercompliancewithinstructionforuse.Inanotherstudyofelderlypatientsadmittedtotreatmentprograms70%werewomenwhohadoverusedmedicines.5.Unfortunatelythistrendamongwomendoesnotonlyaffectthoseagedover65.Ingeneralamongwomenandmenwhoareusingeitherananti-anxietydrugorasedativewomenaretwiceaslikelytobecomeaddicted.Inadditionstatisticscompiledfor12-17yearoldsshowthatteenagegirlsaremorelikelythanteenageboystobeginoverusingpsychotherapeuticmedicationsuchaspainkillerstranquillisersstimulantsandsedatives.
ItwasacoldeveningandmydaughterandIwerewalkingupBroadway.Ididn’tnoticeaguysittinginsideacardboardbox.ButNoradid.Shewasn’tevenfourbutshe__1__atmycoatandsaidThatman’scoldDaddy__2__wetakehimhome?Idon’tremembermyreply.ButIdorememberasudden__3__feelinginsideme.Ihadalwaysbeendelightedathowmuchmydaughternoticedinher__4__whetheritwas__5__inflightorchildrenplaying.Butnowshewasnoticing__6__andbeggary.AfewdayslaterIsawanarticleinthenewspaperaboutvolunteerswhopickedupafoodpackagefromanearbyschoolonaSundaymorningand_7__ittoanelderlyperson.Itwasquickandeasy.I__8__usup.Norawas__9__aboutit.Shecouldunderstandtheimportanceoffoodsoshecouldeasilyseehow__10__ourjobwas.WhenSundaycameshewasreadybutIhadto__11__myselftoleavethehousetofetchthefoodpackage.OnthewaytotheschoolIfoughtanurgetoturn__12__.TheSundaypaperandcoffeewerewaitingformeathome.Whydothis?__13__wephonedtheelderlypersonwe’dbeenappointed.She__14__usrightover.Thebuildingwasinabadstate.Facinguswasasilver-hairedwomaninanolddress.Shetookthepackageandaskedustocomein.Noraraninside.Iunwillinglyfollowed.__15_insideIsawthattheapartmentbelongedtosomeonepoor.Ourhostessshowedussomephotos.Noraplayedandwhenitcametimetosaygood-byewethreehuggedIwalkedhomeintears.Professionalscallsuchan__16__avolunteeropportunity.TheyareopportunitiesandI’vecometosee.Whereelsebutasvolunteersdoyouhavetheopportunitytodosomething__17__that’sgoodforothersaswellasforyourself?NoraandIregularlyservemealstoneedypeopleand__18__clothesforthehomeless.YetasI’ve__19__hergrowoverthesepastfouryearsIstillwonder------whichofushas__20__more?1.A.pulledB.glancedC.pointedD.aimed2.A.wouldB.canC.needD.must3.A.generalB.funnyC.heavyD.simple4.A.areaB.partC.eyesightD.world5.A.insectsB.animalsC.plantsD.birds6.A.coldnessB.illnessC.sufferingD.ignorance7.A.deliveredB.returnedC.devotedD.posted8.A.heldB.hurriedC.signedD.lined9.A.casualB.sorryC.astonishedD.excited10.A.creativeB.valuableC.shockingD.simple11.A.warnB.stopC.allowD.push12.A.backB.awayC.upD.out13.A.ThereforeB.ObviouslyC.StillD.Also14.A.calledB.promisedC.invitedD.helped15.A.AlthoughB.OnceC.BecauseD.Though16.A.stayB.visitC.adventureD.challenge17.A.fairB.famousC.difficultD.enjoyable18.A.collectB.makeC.orderD.wear19.A.letB.madeC.watchedD.noticed20.A.increasedB.benefitedC.triedD.seized
根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项IfyouwalkintoW..LloydJerome’sdentalsurgery手术inGlasgowyou’llseebrightpaintingsandafashionablebluecouchwhichpatientssitonwhilehecheckstheirteeth.Jeromesays‘That’sbecausethey’refrightened.’1‘That’swhyIdon’twearawhitecoat.Ifindthat’soneofthethingsthatpeopleassociatewithpain.Infactmyphilosophyisthatdentaltreatmentshouldtakeplaceinanatmosphereofrelaxationinterestandaboveallenjoyment.Whichisallhighlyshockingforanyonewhoassociatesdentaltreatmentwithpainorattheveryleastformalclinicalvisits.Hesays‘Ifpeoplearerelaxedentertainedandcorrectlytreatedtheywillforgetsuchpreviousunpleasantexperiences.Virtual-realityheadsetsareoneofhisnewrelaxationtechniques2Theheadsetsareusedforthefirstcheck–upwherethepatientsitsonthebluecouchandwatchesanunderwearfilmwhileIlookattheirteeth.Thentheheadsetswitchestoaspecialcameratogivethepatientavisualtouraroundtheirmouth.Anotherkeypointisthatthesurgerysmellsmorelikeaperfumeshopthanadentist’s.Todaythereisthesmelloforange.WhenpeoplewalkinIwantthemtorealizewithalltheirsensesthatit’snotlikegoingtodentist’s.Smellisveryimportant.3KnownasClasgow’smostfashionabledentistJeromeiskeentopointoutthathetakeshisworkveryseriously.4ForexampleJeromeusesaspecialinstrumentwhichsprayswarmwaterontheteethtocleanthemratherthanscrapingthem.‘Itfeelsabitstrangebutaslongaspeoplearerelaxedit’snotpainful.5OneofthethingsIfoundouttherewasthatwhenyoumakeiteasierforthepatientyoumakeiteasierforyourself’Heseeshispatient–centredattitudeasthestartofagradualmovementtowardslessformalityintheconservativeBritishdentistryprofession.Atthatmomentapatientarrives.Jeromerushesoveroffershimacupofteaaskshimwhatvideohe’dliketowatchandleadshimgentlytowardsthechair.A.FiveyearsagoJeromewenttotheUnitedStatestodoresearch.B.Hehastriedtocreateanenvironmentwherepeoplearenotafraid.C.Therelaxationtechniquesareimportantbutthequalityofthetreatmentisthemostimportantthing.D.WewerethefirstpracticeinBritaintointroducethem.E.Nowtheylookforwardtotheirvisitshere.F.Thatdentalsmellofsurgicalspiritcangettheheartracinginminutesifyou’refrightenedofdentists.G.Fiftypercentofthepopulationonlygotothedentistwhenthey’reinpain.
Dickwasacleverboybuthisparentswerepoorsohehadtowork1hissparetimeandduringhisholidaysto2hiseducation.3thishe4gettotheuniversitybutitwas5expensivetostudytherethatduringtheholidayhefound6necessarytogettwojobs7thesametime8makeenoughmoney9hisstudies.Onesummerhemanagedto10ajobinabutcher’sshop肉店during11andanotherinahospital12.Intheshophelearnttocutmeatquitenicelysothebutcheroften13himdoingalltheserving14hewenttothebackroomtodotheaccounts账目.Inthehospital15hewasofcourseallowedtodothesimplestjobs16helpingtoliftpeopleandto17themfromonepartofthehospitaltoanother.Bothatthebutcher’sshopandatthehospitalDickhadto18whiteclothes.OneeveningatthehospitalDickhadtohelpawomanfromherbedtotheplace19shewastohaveanoperation.Thewomanwasalreadyfeelingfrightenedatthe20oftheoperationbeforehecametogetherbutwhenshesawDickshefaintedaway晕过去.1.A.onB.inC.atD.with2.A.payforB.payoffC.paytoD.payback3.A.InsteadB.InsteadofC.InspiteofD.Inneedof4.A.triedtoB.hopetoC.wantedtoD.wasanxiousto5.A.tooB.veryC.soD.much6.A.it’sB.thisC.thatD.it7.A.atB.onC.byD.for8.A.inorderthatB.astoC.assotoD.soasto9.A.withB.forC.toD.becauseof10.A.lookforB.findC.reachD.take11.A.daytimeB.thenightC.thenighttimeD.thedaytime12.A.atnightB.atnoonC.inthemorningD.inthedaytime13.A.letB.leftC.madeD.had14.A.whileB.assoonasC.afterD.until15.A.onotherhandB.onanotherhandC.onthesecondhandD.ontheotherhand16.A.likeB.forC.asD.from17.A.wantB.fetchC.carryD.raise18.A.onB.wearC.beonD.dresson19.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there20.A.thoughtB.timeC.endD.beginning
Oneofthemainchallengesfacingmanycountriesishowtomaintaintheiridentityinthefaceofglobalizationandthegrowingmulti-languagetrend.OneofthemainreasonsforeconomicfailureinmanyAfricancountriesisthefactthatwithafewimportantexceptionsmother-tongueeducationisnotpracticedinanyoftheindependentAfricanstates.saidNevilleAlexander.DutctoroftheProjectfortheStudyofAitemativeEducationinSouthAfricaattheUniversityofCapeTown.InresponsetothespreadofEnglishandtheincreasedmulti-languagetrendsarisingfromImmigration.manycountrieshaveintroducedlanguagelawsinthelawsinthelastdecade.Insometheuseoflanguagesotherthanthenationallanguageisbannedinpublicspacessuchasadvertisingposters.Oneofthefirstsuchlegalprovisionswasthe1994Toubonlaw'inFrance.buttheideahasbeencopiedinmanycountiessincethen.Sucheffortstogovernlanguageuseareoftendismissedasfutilebylanguageexperts.Whoarewellawareofthedifficultyofcontrollingfashionsinspeechandknowfromresearchthatlanguageswitchingamongbilingualsisanaturalprocess.ItisespeciallydifficultfornativespeakersofEnglishtounderstandthedesiretomaintainthe'purityofalanguagebylaw.SincethetimeofShakespeare.Englishhascontinuallyabsorbedforeignwordsintoitsownlanguage.Englishisoneofthemostmixedandrapidlychanginglanguagesintheworld.Butthehasnotbeenabarriertoacquiringprestigeandpower.AnotherreasonforthefailureofmanynativeEnglishspeakerstounderstandtheroleofstateregulationisthatitbasneverbeentheAryllo-Saxonwayofdoingthings.Englishhasneverhadastate-controlledauthorityforthelanguagesimilarforexampletotheAcademieFrancaiseinFrance.TheneedtoprotectnationallanguagesisformostwesternEuropeansarecentphenomenon-especiallytheneedtoensurethatEnglishdoesnotunnecessarilytakeovertoomanyfields.Publiccommunicationeducatorandnewmodesofcommunicationpromotedbytechnologymaybekeyfieldstodefend.1.NevilleAlexanderbelievesthat.A.mother-tongueeducationisnotpracticedinallAfricancountriesB.lackofmother-tongueeducationcanleadtoeconomicfailureC.globalizationhasledtotheriseofmulti-languagetrendsD.globalizationhasresultedintheeconomicfailureofAfrica2.Theunderlinedwordfutileinparagraph2mostprobablymeansA.uselessB.practiceC.workableD.unnecessary3.WhydomanyEnglish-speaking;countriesnotsupportthelanguageprotectioneffortsdescribedinthepassage?A.Theythinklanguageprotectionlawsareineffective.B.Theywanttheirlanguagetospreadtoothercountries.C.Theyhavealonghistoryoftakingwordsfromotherlanguages.D.Itreducesalanguage'sabilitytoacquireinternationalimportance.4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Englishhastakenoverfieldslikepubliccommunicationandeducation.B.EuropeanshavelongrealizedtheneedtoprotecttheirnationalLanguages.C.Mostlanguageexpertsbelieveitisimportanttopromoteanationallanguage.D.ManyaspectsofnationalculturearethreatenedbythespreadofEnglish.5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis.A.FightingagainsttheruleofEnglishB.Globalizationandmulti-languagetrendsC.ProtectinglocallanguagesandidentitiesD.tomaintainthepurityoflanguagebylaw
HowdidyoudoitDad?Howhaveyoumanagednottotakeadrinkforalmost20years?Ittookamanalmost20yearstohavethecouragetoaskmyfatherthisverypersonalquestion.WhenDadfirstquitdrinkingthewholefamilywasonpinsandneedleseverytimehegotintoasituationthatinthepastwouldhavestartedhimdrinkingagain.Forafewyearswewereafraidtobringitupforfearthedrinkingwouldbeginagain.IhadthislittlepoemthatIwouldrecitetomyselfatleastfourtofivetimesadaywasDad’sreplytomy18-year-oldunaskedquestion.ThewordswereaninstantreliefandconstantremindertomethatthingswereneversotoughthatIcouldnothandlethemDadsaiD.AndthenhesharedthepoemwithmE.Thepoem’ssimpleyetthewordsaremeaningful.AboutamonthafterthistalkwithmyfatherIreceivedagiftinthemailfromafriendofminE.Itwasabookofdailywordsofwisdomlistedforeachdayoftheyear.Ithasbeenmyexperiencethatwhenyougetsomethingwithdaysoftheyearonityounaturallyturntothepagethatlistsyourownbirthday.IhurriedlyopenedthebooktoNovember10toseewhatwordsofwisdomthisbookhadinstoreformE.TearsofdisbeliefandappreciationrolleddownmyfacE.Thereonmybirthdaywastheexactsamepoemthathadhelpedmyfatherforalltheseyears!Itwentlikethis:GodgivemetheSerenity平静toacceptthethingsIcannotchange;theCouragetochangethethingsIcan;andtheWisdomtoknowthedifferencE.1.Theunderlinedexpressiononpinsandneedlesinthefirstparagraphmeans.A.upsetB.pleasedC.nervousD.surprised2.Dadwouldreviewthepoemseveraltimesaday.A.tosharethepoemwiththefamiliesB.topracticerecitingthepoemC.topreventhimselffromdrinkingagainD.toremindhimselfthatpoemsareuseful3.Whentheauthorsawthesamepoeminthebookhefelt.A.regretfulB.thankfulC.hopefulD.painful4.Theauthorbustintotearsbecause.A.hisfriendsgavehimaspecialgiftB.thepoemwasfullofwisdomC.hisfatherhadreadthesamebookD.hisfatherquitdrinkingforhisson
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