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We all know what it is like to be unable to turn your head because of a cold in the muscles of your...
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高中英语《2015年高考总复习 Unit 3 The Million Pound Bank Note Using Language 综合测试 新人教版必修3》真题及答案
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Hereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:Mentalworkalonecan’tmakeustireD.ItsoundsabsurD.Butayearsagoscientiststriedtofindouthowlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue疲劳.Totheamazementofthesescientiststheydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrainwhenitisactiveshowsnofatigueatall!Ifwetookadropofbloodfromadaylaborerwewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins毒素andfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinsteinitwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.Sofarasthebrainisconcerneditcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheendofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotallytireless.Sowhatmakesustired?Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotionalattitudes.OneofEngland’smostoutstandingscientistsJ.A.HadfieldsaysThegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmentalorigin.InfactfatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrarE.Dr.BrillafamousAmericanscientistgoesevenfurther.HedeclaresOnehundredpercentofthefatigueofsittingworkeringoodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?Joy?Satisfaction?No!A.feelingofbeingboredangeranxietytensenessworryafeelingofnotbeingappreciated---thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.HardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatiguE.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.29.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer’sblooD.B.AlbertEinsteindidn’tfeelwornoutafteraday’swork.C.ThebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatiguE.D.A.mentalworker’sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.30.Accordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkerstired?A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor.31.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientists’idea?A.Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.C.Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.32.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergeticsittingworkersneedto___________.A.havesomegoodfoodB.enjoytheirworkC.exerciseregularlyD.discoverfatiguetoxins
ThecurrentEbola埃博拉病毒outbreakinwesternandcentralAfricahasinfectedatleast3069peopleincluding1552deadmakingitthelargestoutbreakinhistory.Ebolaisadeadlyvirus—about60percentofpeopleinfectedwithithavedieD.HowisEboladoingitsharm?WhenapersonbecomesinfectedwithEbolathevirusdamagesthebody’simmunecellswhichdefendagainstinfectionsaidaresearcheratLancasterUniversity.Butifaperson’simmunesystemcanstanduptothisattackthenheismorelikelytosurvivethediseasE.Thepatientsthatsurviveitbestarethosewhodon’tgetsuchabaddisadvantageinimmunesystem.Butifthebodyisn’tabletogetridofthisattackthentheimmunesystembecomeslessabletoregulateitself.Thismeanstheimmunesystemismorelikelytorunoutofcontrolleadingtoadropinbloodpressuremulti-organfailureandeventuallydeath.Whatarethecommonsymptomsofthedisease?Fever.HeadachE.Jointandmuscleaches.Weakness.DiarrheA.Vomiting.Stomachpain.LackofappetitE.Chills.Rash.Rednessintheeyes.Hiccups.Cough.Sorethroat.Chestpain.Difficultbreathingorswallowing.Bleedinginsideandoutsideofthebody.HowtopreventthespreadofEbola?Ebolacanbespreadprimarilyviadirectcontactwithpatientsspecificallythebloodandfluidsofaninfectedpatient.Weshouldavoidcontactwithinfectedpatientsandobjectssuchasclothingbeddingandneedlesusedbythem.AvoidareaswhereinfectionshavebeenreporteD.FornowthediseasehasonlybeenconfirmedincentralandWestAfricafourcasesinAmericaandEuropE.Avoideatingwild-caughtbushmeat.Researchershavesuspectedthatthediseasecametohumansviaanimalsprobablythroughthemeatofprimates灵长类.Ifyou’reinanareawherethediseasehasbeenreportedavoidpurchasingeatingorhandlingwildgametostayonthesafesidE.Wearprotectivemedicalclothingifyou’rearoundinfectedpatients.Extremecautionisnecessary.Hospitalworkersmustusemasksglovesgogglesandgownswhichneededtobewornatalltimesifyou’rearoundinfectedpatients.HowDoPeopleSurviveEbola?Doctorsdon’tknowforcertainwhowillsurviveEbolaandthereisnospecifictreatmentorcureforthediseasE.Althoughintheminoritysomepeopledorecoverfrominfection.Oursuggestionsinclude:Maintainyourelectrolytes电解质andbodyliquiD.SportsdrinkscanbeuseD.Monitoryourbloodpressureandcontrolitifnecessary.Droppingbloodpressuremaybeaserioussignofinfection.Breatheinanoxygen-richenvironment.Quicklyaddressanysymptomsofinfection.Behonestaboutwhenandwhereyou’refeelingpain.55.Ebolacausesthedeathofahumanbeingby________.A.attackinghimwithhighfeverB.regulatinghisimmunesystemC.damaginghisimmunecellsD.harmingallhisorgansdirectly56.WhatisNOTmentionedasthesymptomofEbola?A.FeverandchillsB.Swallowingdifficulty.C.LossofblooD.D.HighbloodpressurE.57.InordernottobeinfectedbyEbolaweshould_________.A.havetheclothingoftheinfectedcleanedB.avoideatingwildanimalslikemonkeysC.nottraveltoAfricaAmericaorEuropeD.stayathomewithoutgoinganywhere58.Itistruethat________.A.acertainnumberofpeoplesurviveEbolaB.humanhasfoundaspecialcureforEbolaC.oxygencansaveinfectedpeople’slivesD.lowbloodpressureissurelycausedbyEbola
Everyonehasgottwopersonalities—theonethatisshowntotheworldandtheotherthatissecretandreal.Youdon’tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyou'reawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehaviorbutwhenyou'reasleepyoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.Duringanormalnightofcoursepeoplefrequentlychangetheirposition.Theimportantpositionistheonethatyougotosleepin.Ifyougotosleeponyourbackyou’reaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleandyouareeasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas.Youdon’tliketoupsetpeoplesoyouneverexpressyourrealfeelings.You’requiteshyandyouaren'tveryconfident.Ifyousleeponyourstomachyouarearathersecretiveperson.Youworryalotandyou'realwayseasilyupset.You’reverystubbornbutyouaren'tveryambitious.Youusuallylivefortodaynotfortomorrow.ThismeansthatyouenjoyhavingagoodtimE.Ifyousleepcurledupyouareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealowopinionofyourselfandsoyou’reoftendefensivE.You'reshyandyoudon'tnormallylikemeetingpeoplE.Youprefertobeonyourown.You'reeasilyhurt.Ifyousleeponyoursideyouhaveusuallygotawell-balancedpersonality.Youknowyourstrengthsandweaknesses.You’reusuallycareful.Youhaveaconfidentpersonality.Yousometimesfeelanxiousbutyoudon'toftengetdepresseD.YoualwayssaywhatyouthinkevenifitannoyspeoplE.35.Accordingtothewriteryounaturallyshowyoursecretandrealpersonality_______.A.onlyduringanormalnightB.onlywhenyougotosleepC.onlywhenyourefusetoshowyourselftotheworldD.onlywhenyouchangesleepingposition36.Whichofthefollowingshowsthepersonalityofapersonsleepingonhis/herstomachA.He/sheiscarefulnottooffendothers.B.He/shedoesn’twanttosticktohisorheropinion.C.He/shemaynotbesuccessfulinanybusiness.D.He/shelikestobringothershappiness.37.Maybeyoudon’twanttomakefriendswithapersonwhosleepscurledupbecause_______.A.he/shewouldratherbealonethancommunicatewithyouB.he/sheisrarelyreadytohelpyouC.he/sheprefersstayingathometogoingoutD.he/shewouldn’tliketogethelpfromyou38.Itappearsthatthewritertendstothinkhighlyofthepersonwhosleepsononesidebecause_______.A.he/shealwaysshowssympathyforpeopleB.he/sheisconfidentbutnotstubbornC.he/shehasmorestrengthsthanweaknessesD.he/sheoftenconsidersannoyingpeople
Tensofthousandsofyoungchildrenaresufferingfromrottingteethcausedbydrinkingfruitjuiceandsquash果汁饮料amajorstudyhasrevealeD.Asmanyasoneineightchildrenhavesufferedtoothdecaybytheageofthree–althoughinsomepartsofEnglandtheratesareashighasathirD.Seniordentistssaytheproblemisoftencausedbywell-meaningparentsgivingtoddlerssugar-laden富含糖分的drinksinbottlesandbeakers.Theyarenowurgingfamiliestorestrictchildrentomilkandwater.Middle-classparentswhobuyexpensiveorganicjuicesinthebelieftheyarehealthierhavebeenwarnedtheycancontainasmuchsugarasaglassofcokE.Onehealthofficialobserved:‘Poshsugarisnobetterthananyothersugar.’Earlierthisyearhealthofficialsurgedthepublictocuttheirsugarintaketobetweenfiveandseventeaspoonsadaytopreventrisinglevelsofobesityandrottingteeth.A200mlglassoforganicapplejuicecontains20gramsofsugar–nearlyfiveteaspoons–onlyslightlylessthanthesameamountofcokewhichhas22grams.ExpertsincludingthechiefmedicalofficerDameSallyDavieshavecalledforataxtobeslappedonsugarydrinkstodeterthepublicfrombuyingthem.InthefirststudyofitskindofficialsatPublicHealthEngland–aGovernmentagency–examinedtheteethofasampleof53640three-year-oldsatnurseryschools.Theyfoundanaverageof12percent–oneineight–hadtoothdecayrangingfromsmallholesneedingfillingsorhavingteethextracted拔掉.ManyparentsgivechildrenfruitjuiceorsquashinbottlesandbeakerstocomfortthemorbeforebeD.Theymaysuckthemforhoursonend–withthesugarslowlyerodingtheirteeth.Officialssayifchildrenmusthavejuiceitshouldbefromacupwhichisdrunkquicklycausingminimalharmtotheirteeth.Althoughthedecayaffectschildren’smilkteethwhichfalloutnaturallyexpertssayitalsoharmstheirgumsmakingthemmorepronetoinfectioninadulthooD.A.Studyaboutthe71_________ofDrinksonTeenagers’TeethIntroductionYoungchildrenaresufferingfrom72___________RateAnaverageof73_____________________HarmMaketheirgums74___________inadulthood75________Well-meaningparents76___________theirchildrenwithtoddlerssugar-ladendrinks.Middle-classparents77__________expensiveorganicjuicesarehealthier.ManyparentsgivechildrenfruitjuiceorsquashbeforebeD.78_______79.__________childrentomilkandwater.Cut80________________between5to7teaspoonsaday.Callforataxtobeslappedonsugarydrinks.
Thelatestbeliefsarethatthemainpurposesofsleeparetoenablethebodytorestallowingtimeforrepairstotakeplaceandfortissuetoberegenerated再生.Lackofsleephowevercancompromisetheimmunesystemcausedepressionandpromoteanxiety.FormanypeoplelackofsleepisrarelyanythingofchoicE.Somehaveproblemsgettingtosleepotherswithstayingasleepuntilthemorning.Despitepopularbeliefthatsleepisonelongeventresearchshowsthatinanaveragenighttherearefivestagesofsleep.Inthefirstlightstagetheheartrateandbloodpressuregodownandthemusclesrelax.Inthenexttwostagessleepgetsprogressivelydeeper.InstagefourusuallyreachedafteranhourtheslumberissodeepthatifawokenthesleeperwouldbeconfusedanddisorientateD.Itisinthisstatethatsleep-walkingcanoccurlastingnomorethan15minutes.InthefifthstagetherapideyemovementREMstagetheeyesmoveconstantlybeneathclosedlidsasifthesleeperislookingatsomething.Duringthisstagethebodyisalmostparalysed瘫痪的.ThisREMstageisalsothetimewhenwedream.SleepingpatternschangewithagE.Onetheoryfortheage-relatedchangeisthatitisduetohormonalchanges.Thetemperatureriseoccursatdaybreakintheyoungbutatthreeorfourinthemorningintheelderly.AgeasideitisestimatedthatroughlyoneinthreepeoplesuffersomekindofsleepdisturbancE.CausescanbeanythingfrompregnancysmokingandstresstoalcoholandheartdiseasE.Apartfromself-helptherapysuchasregularexercisetherearepsychologicaltreatmentsincludingrelaxationtrainingandtherapyaimedatgettingridofpre-sleepworriesandanxieties.Medicationisregardedbymanyasalastoptionandoftentakestheformofsleepingpills.58.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.LackofSleepB.ChangeofSleepC.PatternsofSleepD.BenefitsofSleep59.Whichofthefollowingcancausepeople’slackofsleepaccordingtothispassage?A.Theirburdenfromillnessanddrinking.B.Theirincompletesleepstages.C.TheirbodytemperaturechangewithagE.D.Theirdamagedimmunesystem.60.Whichofthefollowingistruetothepassage?A.Nobodycanescapelackofsleep.B.A.sleep-walkerusuallydreamsbeforethesleepwalking.C.IntheREMstagesleeperscanseethingsaroundbutcan’tmovethebody.D.Regularexercisecanbetterhelpimprovesleepqualitythansleepingpillsdo.
Therewasonceaprofessorofmedicinewhowasverystrictwiththestudents.Wheneverhetookthechairontheexamcommittee担任考试委员会__thestudentswouldbeinfearbecausehewasseldompleasedwiththeanswerstheygavE.A.studentwouldbeluckyenoughifheorshecouldreceiveagoodmarkfromhim.Attheendofthetermthestudentsofmedicinewouldtaketheirexamagain.NowastudententeredtheexamroomandgotseatedbeforethecommitteE.Thisstudentwasalittlenervousasheknewitwouldnotbesoeasytogetthroughtheexamatall.Theprofessorbegantoask.ThestudentwasrequiredtodescribeacertainillnesshisdescriptionofwhichturnedouttobeOK.Thentheprofessoraskedaboutthecure药剂forillnessandthestudenttooansweredjustasright.Goodsaidtheprofessorandhowmuchwillyougivethepatient?Afullspoonansweredthestudent.Nowyoumaygooutandwaitforwhatyoucanget.saidtheprofessor.Atthesametimethecommitteediscussedcarefullytheanswersthestudenthadgiven.Suddenlythestudentnoticedthattherewassomethingwrongwithhislastanswer.Afullspoonistoomuchhethoughttohimself.AnxiouslyheopenedthedooroftheroomandcriedMrProfessorI’vemadeamistake!A.fullspoonistoomuchforapatient.Hecantakeonlyfivedrops.I’msorrysir.saidtheprofessorcoldlyButit’stoolatE.YourpatienthasdieD.1.Thestudentswereafraidoftheprofessorbecause_________.A.theyoftenangeredanddisappointedhimB.heoftenmisunderstoodthemandgivethembadmarkersC.theiranswersoftenastonishedhimD.theiranswersseldomsatisfiedhim2.Beforehelefttheroomthestudentwasalmostsurethat______.A.hislastanswerwassatisfyingB.hehadpassedtheexamandtheonlythingwastowaitforthemarkC.hehadmadeamistakeD.hehadnotdonewellintheexam3.WhichofthefollowingisNottrue?A.Thepatientwillbeindangerifhe’stakenasmuchasafullspoon.B.Thedoctorwillbeintroubleifhe’sgiventhepatientafullspoon.C.SinceonespoonislessthanfivedropsthepatientwillbeallrightsoonifhetakesonlyonefullspoonatatimE.D.IfthepatientwantstoremainsafeheshouldtakenomorethanfivedropsatatimE.
Sometimetoday—perhapsseveraltimes—DickWinterwillthinkaboutthe19-year-oldwhosavedhislifE.BecauseofthisyoungmanWinterenjoysthingslikefriendshipscoloursandlaughtereveryday.TheyoungmansavedWinter’slifebysigninganorgandonorcard器官捐献卡.Ican’tsaythankyouenoughWintersaidyesterdayatthenewsconferencemarkingthetenthanniversary周年纪念日oftheMultiOrganTransplant移植ProgramatTorontoGeneralHospital.WhatWinterknowsofthe19-year-oldwhosavedhislifeisonlythathediedinacaraccidentandthathisfamilywaswillingtohonourhiswishesanddonatehisorgansfortransplantation.Hisliver肝脏wenttoWinterwhowasdyingfromlivertroublE.NotadaygoesbythatIdon’tthinkofwhatapainfulthingitmusthavebeenforthemWintersaidyesterday.TheyareveryveryspecialpeoplE.Winter63isfitternowthanhewas10yearsagowhenhegotthetransplant.Hehasfivemedalsfromthe1995WorldTransplantGamesinswimmingandhopestocollectsomemorenextyearinJapan.AtonetimewewereprobablystrangepeopleintheeyesofotherpeoplE.Nowit’sexpectedyoushouldbeabletogobackanddoeverythingyoudidbeforeonlybetter.ThebiggestchangeforWinterhoweverisn’tthathehasbecomeacompetitiveathletE.Thebiggestchangeishowdeeplyheappreciateseverylittlethingabouthislifenow.IhavenotimeforargumentssaidWinter.Youchangeeverything.Materialthingsdon’tmeanasmuch.Friendshipsmeanalot.Alsoatyesterday’snewsconferencewasDr.GrayLevyWinter’sdoctor.Levysaidhehasbitter-sweetfeelingswhenhelooksatWinterandhearsofhisathleticexploits.Levyknowsthatforeveryrecipient接受者likeWinterthereareseveralotherswhodieeventhoughtheycouldbesavedbecausetherearen’tenoughdonatedorgans.ForeveryMr.WinterwehavefivetotenpeoplethatwillneverbegiventhechancethatMr.WinterwasgivenLevysaiD.Levysaidgreaterpublicawareness意识认识andmoreresourcesareneedeD.HenotedthatinSpainandtheUnitedStateshospitalsreceive$10000perdonortocoverthecostsoftheoperatingroomdoctorsnursesandteamstoworkwiththedonors’families.77.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthe19-year-old?A.HediedoflivertroublE.B.HegotwoundedinabattlE.C.Hewaswillingtodonatehisorgans.D.HebecamearecipientofaprizE.78.WhatdowelearnaboutDickWinter?A.Heisbecominglesscompetitivenow.B.HeisalwaysthinkingabouthisearlylifE.C.Heknowsallabouttheyoungmanandhisfamily.D.Hevaluesfriendshipsmorethanmaterialthings.79.Dr.Levywouldagreethat__________.A.Spanishhospitalshavemorefavorable有利的conditionsfororgantransplantB.theCanadianpublichaverealizedtheimportanceoforgandonationC.SpanishhospitalsreceivedmoremoneyfromthedonorsD.Canadianhospitalsnowhaveenoughdonatedorgans
Three-dimensionalprintersarefastbecomingeverydaydevicesintheUnitedStates.Three-Dprintersareusedtomakeeverythingfromautomobilepartstobonereplacementsforhumanpatients.AmericanresearchscientistsarenowworkingoncreatingreplacementsforlivingtissuE.ResearchersattheMedicalUniversityofSouthCarolinahavebeenworkingoncreatingandmanufacturinglivingtissuesince2003.Thisprocessiscalledbiofabrication生物制造.Itrequiresspecialprintingequipmentandaspecialkindofink.Traditionalprintersrequireinktoproduceanimageordesignonapieceofpaper.Fortheirthree-DprintertheSouthCarolinaresearcherspreparecomplexnutritioussolutionstheycallbio-inks.Bio-inksaremadeofproteinsandglucose葡萄糖whichnormallyprovidesenergyformostcellsofthebody.TheresearchersalsoaddlivingcellstakenfromtheanimalthatwillreceivethenewprintedtissuE.Thebio-inksarethenaddedtoadevicethatresearcherscallthePalmettobio-printer.SarahGraceDennisisoneoftheresearchersattheMedicalUniversityofSouthCarolinA.ShesaysnewtechnologylikethePalmettobio-printerisagreathelptothebiofabricationprocess.Thebio-inksareplacedinthreedispensers分配器containersinsidetheprinter.Laserscontrolboththepositionoftheprintingsurfaceandtheplaceswherethebio-inkisreleaseD.MichaelYostisaleaderoftheresearchteam.Hesaystheprintingprocessisfullyautomated—machine-operateD.HesaysthatthePalmettobio-printermakesitpossibletocreatecomplextissuetypes.Theresearcherssaybio-printingisstillexperimental.Buttheyhopeinafewyearstheymaybeabletoprinttissuetoreplacedamagedhumanorgans.ButtherearestillsomeproblemswhichneedtobesolveD.SomescientistsworryabouthowtogetbloodtothereplacementtissuE.TheflowofbloodisimportanttokeeptheprintedtissuealivE.MichaelYosthopesthatmorepeoplewillbelieveinthebenefitsofbiofabrication.Tissuebiofabricationisarealityanditisarealitynowandifyoucomehereandyougettoseeit.Youwillgettoseeit.Youcan’ttouchitbutyouwillseeitandthinkthisisreal.Andthisisreallyhuman.9.Whatcanweknowaboutthebio-inks?A.Theyarethenecessitiesofbio-printing.B.TheyonlycontainproteinsandglucosE.C.Theycanbeplacedinthetraditionalprinters.D.Theyareavailableinourlocaldrugstores.10.Whichofthefollowingisoneoftheconcernswithbiofabrication?A.Researcherscan’tfindenoughlivingcellsofanimalstomakethebio-inks.B.Thepriceofthebio-printeristoohighandmostpeoplecan’taffordit.C.ScientistshavesomedifficultyingettingthebloodtothereplacementtissuE.D.Peopleareworriedaboutthesafetyofthebiofabricationprocess.11.AccordingtoMichaelYostwecaninferthat.A.thePalmettobio-printercanworkwithoutpowerB.thePalmettobio-printerhasbeenusedtotreatthepatientsC.thePalmettobio-printercanonlybefoundintheUnitedStatesD.thePalmettobio-printerwillhaveabrightfutureinmedicaluse12.Thepassagemainlytellsusabout.A.thethree-DprinteranditsworkingprinciplesB.thebio-inksandtheiruseinbio-printingC.thespreaduseofthebio-printerintheUSAD.thegrowingdemandforbiofabrication
YouknoweatingfruitandvegetablesdoesgooD.Butdoyouknowitcanalsomakeyoulookgood?PeoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeoverjustsixweeksdevelopedahealthyglowandappearedmoreattractiveresearchersfounD.ScientistsatStAndrewsUniversityfoundeatingthemslightlyincreasedyellowandredpigmentsinthevolunteers'skin.Theymonitoredthefoodintakeof35peopleandtookpicturesoftheirfacesarmsandhandsusingasensitivecameraatthestartandafterthreeandsixweeks.Increasingtheirintakeofgreensby2.9portionsadaywasfoundtomakethepersonlookhealthierandanextra3.3portioncouldenhancetheirattractivenesswhentheirphotographswereratedbyothers.Fruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids类胡萝卜素whichareknowntoprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVraysandcanalsopreventage-relateddiseasesincludingheartdiseaseandcancer.Butwhileitwasknowneatingextremeamountsofcertainvegetablessuchascarrotscouldturnskinorangeitwasnotknownasmallincreasewasperceptible被觉察toothers-andwasseenasappealing.Acamerameasuredchangestotheskin'srednessyellownessandlightnessandfounditsignificantlychangedinpeoplewhonaturallyincreasedtheirintakE.Thesechangeswerenotevidentinthreeweeks.Usinglightsensorstheresearchersshowedtheseredandyellowhueswerelinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsintheirskin.Therearehundredsofcarotenoidsbutthosethoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectarelycopene番茄红素-whichgivestomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolour-andbeta-carotenefoundincarrotsaswellasbroccolisquashandspinach.Skincolourisalsoaffectedbychemicalscalledpolyphenols多元酚foundinapplesblueberriesandcherrieswhichcausebloodrushtotheskinsurfacE.41.Whatdoweknowfromtheresearch?A.Ifyoutakeinalittlemorefruitandvegetablesyouwillobviouslylookmoreattractiveinthreeweeks.B.Theresearcherstookthepicturesofthe35peopleintheresearchatdifferentstages.C.Increasingyourintakeofgreensby2.9portionsadaycangreatlyimproveyourhealth.D.Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeofgreensby3.3portionsadaywerefoundthemostattractiveaftersixweeks.42.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefunctionofcarotenoidsA.TheycanprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays.B.Theycanpreventheartdiseaseandcancer.C.Theycanpreventage-relateddiseases.D.Theycankeepyouingoodhealth.43.WhichofthestatementsisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.We'vealreadyknowneatingextremeamountsofcarrotscanturnskinorangE.B.Weknewinthepastthateatingafewmorecarrotscouldmakeuslookappealing.C.TheresearchshowedtheimprovementinskinislinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsinitD.Amonghundredsofcarotenoidslycopeneisthoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectontheskin.44.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_____A.Skin'srednessyellownessandlightnessmakeapersonlookmorehealthyandattractivE.B.CarotenoidshavethesameeffectaslycopenE.C.Itiscarotenoidsthatgivetomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolour.D.Bothbeta-caroteneandpolyphenolsaffectskincolourbycausingbloodrushtotheskinsurfacE.45.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Eatingfruitandvegetablesdoesgood.B.Fruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids.C.HowtobecomeattractivE.D.Eatingfruitandvegetablesmakesyoulookgood
Manypeoplehurttheirbackswhentheytrytoliftheavythingsfromthefloor.Itiseasytohurtyourbackmuscle肌肉whenyoutrytopickupaheavything.Howeverthereisacorrectwaytoliftthingsfromthefloor.Ifyoupickupheavythingscorrectlyyouprobablywillnothurtyourback.Toliftsomethingfromthefloorcorrectlyfirstbend弯曲yourkneesandloweryourself.Keepyourbackstraight.Donotbentoverfromyourwaist腰keepyourbackandhips臀部andwaistinalinE.Ifyoubentoverthemusclesinyourlowerbackcanbecamehurtveryeasily.Ifyoukeepyourbackandhipsstraightthemusclesarestrongerbecausetheyholduptogether.Theothermusclescanthenhelpthelowerbackmuscles.Asyouloweryourselftrytogetasclosetothingasyoucanputonekneeoneachsideofthething.Rememberatalltimestokeepyourbackstraight.Putyourhandunderthethingthatisinfrontofyoubetweenyourknees.Toliftthethingyoushouldstandupslowly.Useyourlegmusclesinordertostandup.Inotherwordsliftwithyourlegsnotwithyourback.56.Whichpartofyourbodyismoreeasilytobehurtwhenyouliftheavythings?A.Thelegmuscles.B.ThebackmusclesC.ThehipsD.Theknees57.Manypeoplehurttheirbackswhentheyliftsomethingbecause_______.A.theyarenotstrongB.thethingsareveryheavyC.thewaytoliftthethingsisnotcorrect.D.theyareveryheavy58.Themusclesarestrongerifyou_______.A.keepyourbackhipsandwaistinalineB.bendoverfromyourwaistC.loweryourselfD.getdownonyourknees59.Toliftheavythingsthemostimportantofallisto_________.A.standupslowlyB.keepyourbackstraightC.bendyourkneesD.putonekneeoneachside60.WhatdoesInotherwordsmean?________A.总而言之B.换句话说C.在其它话中D.在其它单词中
Whenweseewellwedonotthinkaboutoureyesveryoften.ItisonlywhenwecannotseeperfectlythatwerealizehowimportantoureyesarE.Peoplewhoarenear-sightedcanonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyesandeverythingelseseemsblurry=unclear.Manypeoplewhodoalotofworksuchaswritingreadingandsewingbecomenear—sighteD.Peoplewhoarefar-sightedsufferfromjusttheoppositeproblem.Theycanseethingsthatarefarawaybuttheyhavedifficultyinreadingabookunlesstheyholditatarm’slength.Iftheywanttodomuchreadingtheymustgetglassestoo.OtherpeopledonotseeclearlybecausetheireyesarenotexactlytherightshapE.Theyhavewhatiscalledastigmatism散光.Thistoocanbecorrectedbyglasses.Somepeople’seyesbecomecloudybecauseofcataracts白内障.LongagothesepeopleoftenbecameblinD.Nowhoweveritispossibletooperateonthecataractsandremovethem.Havingtwogoodeyesisimportantforjudgingdistances.Eacheyeseesthingsfromaslightlydifferentangle角度.Toprovethistoyourselflookatanobjectoutofoneeye;thenlookatthesameobjectoutofyourothereyE.Youwillfindtheobject’srelationtothebackgroundandotherthingsaroundithaschangeD.Thedifferencebetweenthesetwodifferenteyeviewshelpsustojudgehowfarawayanobjectis.Peoplewhohaveonlyoneeyecannotjudgedistanceaspeoplewithtwoeyes.50.Whenthingsfarawayseemindistinct模糊不清oneisprobably____.A.near-sightedB.far-sightedC.astigmaticD.sufferingfromcataracts51.Theunderlinedwordsufferinthethirdparagraphprobablymeans_____.A.experienceB.imagineC.feelpainD.areaffectedwith52.Havingtwoeyesinsteadofoneisparticularlyusefulfor______.A.seeingatnightB.seeingobjectsfarawayC.lookingoverawideareaD.judgingdistances53.Peoplewhosufferfromastigmatismhave______.A.oneeyebiggerthantheotherB.eyesthatarenotexactlytherightshapeC.adifficultythatcanbecorrectedbyanoperationD.aneyedifficultythatcannotbecorrectedbyglasses
RegardedasoneoftheEnglishlanguage'smostgiftedpoetsJohnKeatswrotepoetrythatconcentratedonimageryhumannatureandphilosophy.AlthoughKeatsdidn'treceivemuchformalliteraryeducationhisownstudiesandpassionbroughthimmuchsuccess.Additionallyhisownlifesituationinfluencedhispoetrygreatly.GrowingupasayoungboyinLondoninalowermiddleclassfamilytheyoungJohndidn'tattendaprivateschoolbutwenttoapubliconE.Histeachersandhisfamily'sfriendsregardedhimasanoptimisticboywhofavoredplayingandfightingmuchmorethanmindinghisstudies.Afterhisfather'sdeathintheearly1800sfollowedbyhismother'spassingduetotuberculosis肺结核hebeganviewinglifedifferently.Hewantedtoescapetheworldanddidsobyreadinganythinghecouldgethishandson.Ataroundtheageof16theteenageJohnKeatsbeganstudyingunderasurgeonsothathetoomightbecomeadoctor.HoweverhisliteraryappetitehadtakentoomuchofhisfancyespeciallywithhisaddictiontothepoetryofEdmundSpenser.HewasabletohavehisfirstfullpoempublishedintheExaminerin1816entitledO.Solitude！IfI.MustwithTheeDwell.Withintwomonthsin1817KeatshadwrittenanentirevolumeofpoetrybutwassharplycriticizedbyamagazinE.Howeverthenegativeresponsedidn'tstophispursuitofrhythm韵律.JohnKeats'nextworkwasEndymionwhichwaspublishedinMay1818.Thestoryinvolvesashepherdwhofallsinlovewiththemoongoddessandleadshimonanadventureofoneboy'shopetoovercomethelimitationsofbeinghuman.FollowingEndymionhoweverhetriedsomethingmorenarrativebasedandwroteIsabella.DuringthistimeJohnKeatsbeganseeinghislimitationsinpoetryduetohisownlimitinlifeexperiences.Hewouldhavetohavetheknowledgeassociatedwithhispoems.HisnextworkwasHyperionthatwouldattempttocombineallthathelearneD.Howeverabout发作withtuberculosiswhilevisitingItalywouldkeephimfromhisworkandeventuallytakehislifein1821.9.WhatisthecommonthingbetweenJohnKeatsandhismother?A.Theyreadmanybooks.B.TheyhadabadchildhooD.C.TheydiedofthesamediseasE.D.Theyshowedstronginterestinpoetry.10.Whatdoweknowfromthepassage?A.Keatsreceivedlittleeducationatschool.B.Keatsoncehadachanceofbecomingadoctor.C.In1816Keatsspenttwomonthswritingapoem.D.Endymionwasaboutareallovestory.11.WhilepursuinghisdreamofbecomingapoetatfirstJohnKeatswas________.A.determinedB.experiencedC.knowledgeableD.impatient
Whenmostofuslookatourhandswemightnoticethatweneedtocleanorstopbitingourfingernailsandthat’saboutit.ButifyouaskadoctorhecanseeawholelotmorE.Everythingfrompoordietandstresstoseriouskidney肾problemscanberevealedbyaglanceatyourfingernails.Thereareabout30differentnailsignsthatcanbeassociatedwithmedicalissuesthoughmayindicatemorethanoneproblemaccordingtoDr.AmyDerickaclinicalinstructorofdermatologyatNorthwesternUniversity.Herearefiveofthethingsadoctorcantellaboutyourhealthbasedonyourfingernails.1.Peoplewhoaren’teatingwellandlackvitaminordietarymayhavethinnerthannormalnailswhicharemorelikelytobreak.2.Horizontal水平的linesareassociatedwithseriousphysicalstress.Theyfrequentlyoccurinpeoplewhohavegonethroughchemotherapy化疗.Theycanalsooccuraftersomeillnessesinjuriesorwithseveremalnourishment营养不良.Interestinglytheremaybeanaltitudeconnectiontoo.They’vealsobeenfoundinpeoplewhodove1000feetandotherswhoparticipatedinanEverestexploration.3.Vertical垂直的lineshoweveraregenerallynotsuchabigdeal.Somepeoplearemoregeneticallypronetothemthanothersbutthey’recommonlyassociatedwithaging.4.Whenpeoplelackirontheirnailscanturnspoon-likE.Insteadofcurvingdownandcoveringthefingernormallythey’llstarttoriseuponthesidesandfrontlikethepartofaspoonthatholdsliquiD.5.Kidneyandliverproblemscancreatehalf-and-halfnailswhereonepartofthenailiswhiteandtheotherpartdarkorpinkaccordingtoDerick.DoctorsnotethatbecausediseasediagnosisiscomplexandsomesymptomscanbeassociatedwithdifferentdiseasesyoushouldalwaysseeamedicalprofessionalifyouareconcernedaboutsomethingyounoticE.24.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Doctorscantellussomethingaboutourhealthbylookingatournails.B.Weshouldseeadoctorifwefindnailsinbadcondition.C.A.famousdoctorintheUSAconductedaninterestingresearch.D.Ifwedon’twanttogetillweneedtocleanandstopbitingourfingernails.25.Ifwedon’teatwellorregularlyourfingernailsmay________.A.becomeharderthannormalnails.B.becomethinnerthannormalnails.C.becomehalf-and-halfnails.D.havehorizontalandverticallines.26.Whowillhavehorizontallinesonthenails?A.A.cancerpatientwhohasreceivednormaltreatment.B.HungryAfricanchildrensufferingfromseveremalnourishment.C.AnexplorerwhohadreachedZhangjiajieinHunanProvincE.D.A.patientwithseriousillnesslikekidneyandliverproblems.27.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthenailsthatshowpeoplelackiron?A.Thenailsarethinnerandmorelikelytobreak.B.Thenailswillcurvedownandcoverthefingers.C.Thenailswillstarttoriseuponthesidesandfront.D.ThenailswillchangetheircoloursonthesurfacE.
WorldHealthDayiscelebratedon7ApriltomarktheanniversaryofthefoundingofWHOin1948.EachyearathemeisselectedforWorldHealthDaythathighlightsapriorityareaofpublichealthconcernintheworld.Thethemefor2013ishighbloodpressure.Highbloodpressureincreasestheriskofheartattacksstrokes中风.Ifleftuncontrolledhighbloodpressurecanalsocauseblindnessirregularitiesoftheheartbeatandheartfailure.Theriskofdevelopingthesecomplicationsishigherinthepresenceofotherriskfactorssuchasdiabetes糖尿病.Oneinthreeadultsworldwidehashighbloodpressureandthisincreaseswithagefrom1in10peopleintheir20sand30sto5in10peopleintheir50s.Highbloodpressureismostcommoninsomelow-incomecountriesinAfricawithover40%ofadultsinmanyAfricancountriesthoughttobeaffected.Howeverhighbloodpressureisbothpreventableandtreatable.Insomedevelopedcountriespreventionandtreatmentofithasbroughtaboutareductionindeathsfromheartdisease.Theriskofdevelopinghighbloodpressurecanbereducedby:reducingsaltintake;eatingabalanceddiet;avoidingharmfuluseofalcohol;takingregularphysicalactivity;keepingahealthybodyweight;andavoidingtobaccouse.ThefinalandmostimportantgoalofWorldHealthDay2013istoreduceheartattacksandstrokeswhichincludesasfollows:1.toraiseawarenessofthecausesandconsequencesofhighbloodpressure;2.toprovideinformationonhowtopreventhighbloodpressure3.toencourageadultstochecktheirbloodpressureandtofollowtheadviceofhealth-careprofessionals.56.Highbloodpressurecancausemedicalproblemslike_____.A.heartdiseasesstrokesandblindness.B.strokesheartfailureanddiabetes.C.heartattacksblindnessanddiabetes.D.hearttroublesstrokesandcancers.57.Whoaremostlikelytobeaffectedbyhighbloodpressure?A.Thosewhoareintheir20s.B.Thosewhoareintheir30s.C.Thosewhoareintheir40s.D.Thosewhoareintheir50s.58.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTreducetheriskofdevelopinghighbloodpressure?A.Lesssaltintake.B.Puttingonweight.C.Regularexercise.D.Nosmoking.59.Thetextismainlyabout______.A.thethemeforWorldHealthDay2013.B.thecausesofhighbloodpressure.C.thetreatmentofheartattacksandstrokes.D.howtoreducetheriskofhighbloodpressure.
ItiscommonsensethatchildrenwhowalkorcycletoschoolhavealowerriskofobesitythanthoseshuttledtoandfrobycarbutdrivingyouryoungsterstotheschoolgatescouldalsocausetheiracademicworktosufferastudyhasrevealeD.ResearchersfoundthatchildrenwhoweredriventoschoolorwhotookpublictransporthadpoorerconcentrationlevelsthanthosewhotookamoreactiveroutesuchaswalkingorcyclingtheDailyMailreporteD.ThejointstudybyresearchersattwoDanishuniversitiesfoundthattheregularexercisecouldadvanceastudentuptohalfayearintheirstudies.ChildrenwhoweredriventoschoolorwhotookpublictransportperformedlesswellinatestmeasuringconcentrationlevelsthanthosewhohadwalkedorcycleD.Theresultssurprisedtheresearchersastheyoriginallyfocusedontheeffectsofeatingbreakfastandlunchonpupils'abilitytoconcentratE.TheexerciseoneusestotransportoneselftoschoolisreflectedinthelevelofconcentrationonehasapproximatelyfourhourslaterNielsEgelundaco-authorofthereportsaiD.TheresultsshowedthathavingbreakfastandlunchhasanimpactbutnotverymuchcomparedtohavingexerciseD.Asathird-gradepupilifyouexerciseandbiketoschoolyourabilitytoconcentrateincreasestotheequivalentofsomeonehalfayearfurtherintheirstudiesheaddeD.Inthesurveytakenby19527pupilsagedfiveto19yearsparticipantswereaskedabouttheirexercisehabitsandwerethengivenabasictestmeasuringtheirconcentration.MostpeopleknowthefeelingofbeingrefreshedafterhavingexercisedbutitissurprisingthattheeffectlastsforsolongEgelundsaiD.PreviousresearchfromtheUniversityofMontrealhasfoundthatexercisehelpsourbrainsmakebetteruseofoxygen.31.WalkingorcyclingtoschoolhasthefollowingeffectonchildrenEXCEPT____________.A.keepingslimB.havinglongerconcentrationC.makingbetteruseofoxygenD.feelingtiredout32.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.ChildrendriventoschoolhavealowerriskofobesityB.Breakfasthasthesameinfluenceaswalkingtoschoolonchildren’sconcentration.C.Atfirstresearchersonlytriedtofindouttherelationbetweenchildren’sdietandconcentration.D.Theeffectofexerciseonstudents’concentrationlastsforanhour.33.What’sNielsEgelund’sattitudetocyclingtoschool?A.supportiveB.opposedC.unconcernedD.objective34.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Walkingorcyclingtoschoolimprovesstudents’concentration.B.Childrendriventoschoolcan’tfocusontheirlessons.C.Exercisehelpschildrentokeepfit.D.Studentsshouldwalkorcycletoschool.35.Whichsectionofanewspapercanwereadtheabovepassage?A.economyB.amusementC.educationD.society
Everwalkedtotheshopsonlytofindoncethereyou’vecompletelyforgottenwhatyouwentfor?Orstruggledtorememberthenameofanoldfriend?Foryearswe’veacceptedthataforgetfulbrainisasmuchapartofageingaswrinklesandgreyhair.Butnowanewbooksuggeststhatwe’vegotitallwrong.AccordingtoTheSecretLifeoftheGrown-upBrainbysciencewriterBarbaraStrauchwhenitcomestotheimportantthingsourbrainsactuallygetbetterwithagE.Infactshearguesthatsomestudieshavefoundthatourbrainhitsitspeakbetweenour40sand60s—muchlaterthanpreviouslythought.Furthermoreratherthanlosingmanybraincellsasweageweretain保留themandevenproducenewoneswellintomiddleagE.Foryearsit’sbeenassumedthatbrainmuchlikethebodydeclineswithagE.ButthelongestlargeststudyintowhathappenstopeopleastheyagesuggestsotherwisE.Thiscontinuingresearchhasfollowed6000peoplesince1956testingthemeverysevenyears.Ithasfoundthatonaverageparticipantsperformedbetteroncognitive认知的testsintheir40sand50sthantheyhaddoneintheir20s.Specificallyolderpeopledidbetterontestsofvocabularyverbalmemoryhowmanywordsyoucanrememberandproblemsolving.Wheretheyperformedlesswellwasnumberabilityandperceptualspeed—howfastyoucanpushabuttonwhenordereD.Howeverwithmorecomplextaskssuchasproblem-solvingandlanguageweareatourbestatmiddleageandbeyonD.InshortresearchersarenowcomingupwithscientificproofthatwedogetwiserwithagE.Neuroscientistsarealsofindingthatwearehappierwithageing.A.recentUSstudyfoundolderpeopleweremuchbetteratcontrollingandbalancingtheiremotions.Itisthoughtthatwhenwe’reyoungerweneedtofocusmoreonthenegativeaspectsoflifeinordertolearnaboutthepossibledangersintheworldbutaswegetolderwe’velearnedourlessonsandaresub-consciouslyawarethatwehavelesstimeleftinlife:thereforeitbecomesmoreimportantforustobehappy.55.BarbaraStrauchprobablyagreesthat______.A.people’sbrainsworkbestbetweentheir40sand60sB.theyoungarebetterathandlingimportantthingsC.ageingleadstothedeclineofthefunctionofthebrainD.wrinklesandgreyhairaretheonlysymbolsofageing56.Thecontinuingresearchhasfoundolderpeopleperformbetteron_____.A.numberabilityB.vocabularytestsC.perceptualspeedD.bodybalance57.Peoplearehappierwithagebecause______.A.theyknowhowtosharefeelingsB.theylearntovaluethetimeleftC.theycannotfocusonnegativeaspectsD.theydonotrealizethepossibledangers58.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.PeoplegetmoreforgetfulwithagE.B.PeoplegetwiserwithagE.C.PeoplegethappierwithagE.D.Peoplegetmoreself-awarewithagE.
There’snothinglikeagoodnight’ssleep—butwhatdoesthatreallymean?ItturnsoutthattheanswerdependsnotonlyonyouragebutalsoonyourlifestylE.SomepeopleareproductiveandhappywithfewerhoursofsleepwhileothersneedmorE.StillexpertscandetermineguidelinesthatworkformostpeoplE.TheNationalSleepFoundationresearchedthetopicandgavenewrecommendationsthisweek.Thefoundationacknowledgesthatsleepneedswillvary—lifestyleandstressshouldbetakenintoconsideration—buttheirrecommendationsofferageneralguidelinE.Forexampleteenagers14—17yearsoldne8—10hourssleepeveryday.Tocreatetherecommendationssomesleepandmedicalexpertsreviewed312articlesfromjournalspublishedduringthelastdecadE.Thisisthefirsttimethatanyprofessionalorganizationhasdevelopedage-specificrecommendedsleepdurationsbasedonasystematicreviewoftheworldscientificliteraturE.Alackofsleepcanbelinkedtoweightgainbecausethatcausesanincreaseinappetiteaccordingtothefoundation.Itcanalsohaveseriousconsequencesonthebrain.Peoplewhodonotgetenoughsleepareatincreasedriskfordepressionandcanendangerothers.Thosethatbecomesleepywhiledrivingforexampleriskboththeirlivesandthelivesofthosearoundthem.Researchersalsohavefoundinthepastthattoomuchsleepcanhavenegativeeffects.Lowsocioeconomicstatusanddepressionreportedlyaresignificantlyassociatedwithlongersleep.Howeverexpertsnowadaysfindthatresearchonoversleepingisstillunconvincingandneedsmoreattention.Currentlythereisnostrongevidencethatsleepingtoomuchhashealthconsequences.Thereishoweverlaboratoryevidencethatshortsleepdurationsoffourtofivehourshavenegativeconsequences.Weneedsimilarlaboratorystudiestodeterminewhetherlongsleepdurationsresultinphysiologicalchangesthatcouldleadtodiseasebeforewemakeanyrecommendationsagainstsleepextension.41.WhichisTRUEaboutsleepingtime?A.ThetimeyouneedforsleepisrelatedtoyourstateofminD.B.Experts’guidelineforsleepingtimeappliestoallthepeoplE.C.ThelessyousleepthemoreproductiveyouarE.D.ThemoreyousleepthemoreenergeticyouarE.42.HowdiddieNationalSleepingFoundationdotheresearch?A.ByinterviewingdifferentpeoplE.B.Byreadinglotsofarticles.C.Byconsultingotherexperts.D.Bydoingsystematicexperiments.43.Theresearchshowsthatpeoplewithoutenoughsleepwill_______.A.losesomeweightB.eatmorefoodC.dreamduringtheirsleepD.drivefasterthanusual44.FromParagraph4wecanlearnthat_______.A.toomuchsleepmayresultinsocialchangesB.researchersnowagreewiththoseillthepastC.moreresearchonoversleepingisneededD.researchonoversleepingisquiteconvincing45.Fromwhichsectionofanewspaperisthepassagemostprobablytaken?A.Health.B.PsychologyC.Sport.D.Education.
Soyouthoughtthehamburgerwastheworld’smostpopularfastfood?AfterallMcDonald’sGoldenArchesspan跨越theglobe全球.Butnothereisanothertrulyuniversalfastfoodtheultimate极好的fastfooD.It’seasytomakeeasytoservemuchmorevariedthanthehamburgercanbeeatenwiththehandsandit’sdeliveredtoyourfrontdoororservedinfancyrestaurants.It’sbeenoneofAmerica’sfavouritefoodsforover50years.ItisofcoursethepizzA.It’skindofsillytotalkaboutthemomentwhenpizzawasinvented.Itchangedovertheyearsbutonething’sforcertain—it’sbeenaroundforaverylongtimE.TheideaofusingpiecesofflatroundbreadasplatescamefromtheGreeks.Theycalledthemplakuntosandatethemwithvarioussimpletoppings配料suchasoilgarlic大蒜onionsandherbs.TheRomansenjoyedeatingsomethingsimilarandcalleditpicea.Byabout1000ADinthecityofNaplespiceahadbecomepizzaandpeoplewereexperimentingwithmoretoppings:cheesehamanchoviesandfinallythetomatobroughttoItalyfromMexicoandPeruinthesixteenthcentury.NaplesbecamethepizzacapitaloftheworlD.In1889KingUmbertoⅠandQueenMargheritaheardaboutpizzaandaskedtotryit.TheyinvitedpizzamakerRaffeleEspositotomakeitforthem.HedecidedtomakethepizzaliketheItalianflagsoheusedredtomatoeswhitemozzarellacheeseandgreenbasilleaves.TheQueenloveditandthenewpizzawasnamedPizzaMargheritainherhonour.PizzawenttoAmericawiththeItaliansattheendofthenineteenthcentury.ThefirstpizzeriaintheUnitedStateswasopenedin1905at53SpringStreetNewYorkCitybyGennaroLombardi.ButthepopularityofpizzareallyexplodedwhenAmericansoldiersreturnedfromItalyafterWorldWarⅡandravedabout夸赞thatgreatItaliandish.AmericansarenowthegreatestproducersandconsumersofpizzaintheworlD.51.Whichisthecorrectorderofthechangesofpizza?A.Plakuntos→pizza→piceaB.Pizza→plakuntos→piceaC.Picea→plakuntos→pizzaD.Plakuntos→picea→pizza52.WhyareMexicoandPeruimportantinthedevelopmentofpizza?A.Becausepizzafirstbecamepopularinthesecountries.B.Becausepizzawasinventedinthesecountries.C.BecauseonetoppingwasbroughttoItalyfromthesecountries.D.BecausepeopletherearethegreatestconsumersofpizzA.53.WhatdotheItalianflagandaPizzaMargheritahaveincommon?A.ThereisapictureofaPizzaMargheritA.B.Theyhavethesamecolours.C.BothofthemrepresentItaly.D.TheyarebothpopularinItaly.54.WhendidpizzabecomereallypopularintheUnitedStates?A.After1945.B.In1889.C.In1905.D.By1000AD.55.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.McDonald’sandPizzaB.GlobalPizzaC.PizzaintheUnitedStatesD.HowtoMakePizza
Here’sanewwarningfromhealthexperts:Sittingisdeadly.Scientistsareincreasinglywarningthatsittingforprolongedperiods—evenifyoualsoexerciseregularly—couldbebadforyourhealth.Anditdoesn’tmatterwherethesittingtakesplace—attheofficeatschoolinthecarorbeforeacomputerorTV—justtheoverallnumberofhoursitoccurs.SeveralstudiessuggestpeoplewhospendmostoftheirdayssittingaremorelikelytobefathaveaheartattackorevendiE.InaneditorialpublishedthisweekintheBritishJournalofSportsMedicineElinEkblom-BakoftheSwedishSchoolofSportandHealthSciencessuggestedthatauthoritiesrethinkhowtheydefinephysicalactivitytohighlightthedangersofsitting.Whilehealthofficialshaveissuedguidelinesrecommendingminimum最少的amountsofphysicalactivitytheyhaven’tsuggestedpeopletrytolimithowmuchtimetheyspendinaseatedposition.AfterfourhoursofsittingthebodystartstosendharmfulsignalsEkblom-BaksaiD.Sheexplainedthatgenesregulating调节theamountofglucose葡萄糖andfatinthebodystarttoshutdown.Evenforpeoplewhoexercisespendinglongperiodsoftimesittingatadeskisstillharmful.TimArmstrongaphysicalactivityexpertattheWorldHealthOrganizationsaidpeoplewhoexerciseeveryday—butstillspendalotoftimesitting—mightgetmorebenefitifthatexercisewerespreadacrossthedayratherthaninasinglebout一回.Stillinastudypublishedlastyearthattrackedmorethan17000CanadiansforaboutadozenyearsresearchersfoundpeoplewhosatmorehadahigherdeathriskwhetherornottheyexerciseD.Wedon’thaveenoughevidenceyettosayhowmuchsittingisbadsaidPeterKatzmarzykofthePenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenterinBatonRougewholedtheCanadianstudy.Butitseemsthemoreyoucangetupandinterruptthissedentary坐着的behaviorthebetter.FiguresfromaU.S.surveyin2003-2004foundAmericansspendmorethanhalftheirtimesittingfromworkingattheirdeskstosittingincars.Expertssaidmoreresearchisneededtofigureoutjusthowmuchsittingisdangerousandwhatmightbepossibletooffsetthoseeffects.PeopleshouldkeepexercisingbecausethathasalotofbenefitsEkblom-BaksaiD.Butwhenthey’reintheofficetheyshouldtrytointerruptsittingasoftenaspossibleshesaiD.28.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.NotSittingTooMuchWhileWorkingB.HowToAvoidSittingTooMuchC.SittingTooMuchCouldBeDeadlyD.MoreAndMorePeopleSitTooMuch29.Accordingtotheresearch____________.A.themoretimeyouspendinexercisinginasingleboutthehealthieryouwillbeB.thosewhooftensittoomucharesuretogrowfatorsufferfromaheartattackC.regularexerciseiseffectivetogetridofthesideeffectofsittingtoomuchD.youhadbetternotsitformorethanfourhoursinasinglebout30.Howdoesthedangerofsittingtoomuchaffectthehumanbody?A.Itcausesthegenestofailtobalancetheglucoseandfatinthebody.B.Itincreasesglucoseandfatinthebody.C.Itmakesapersonunabletoexerciselongenoughinaday.D.Itresultsindeath.31.Theunderlinedwordoffsetinparagraph10probablymeans__________.A.improveB.balanceC.ignoreD.achieve
Asarecipeforlosingweighttakingasliceofchocolatecakeatbreakfastwouldseemanunlikelyfantasy.A.teamfromTelAvivUniversityfoundthateatingpuddingaspartofabalanced600-caloriebreakfastthatalsoincludedproteinsandcarbohydrates碳水化合物couldhelpdietertolosemoreweight---andkeepitoffinthelongrun.Attemptingtoavoidsweetsentirelycancreateapsychologicaladdictiontothesesamefoodsinthelongterm.Soaddingdessertstobreakfastcancontrolcraving渴望throughouttherestoftheday.Overthecourseofa32-week-longstudyparticipantswhoaddeddessertstotheirbreakfastlostabout40poundsmorethanagroupthatavoidedsuchfoods.What’smoretheykeptoffthepoundslonger.A.mealinthemorningprovidesenergyfortheday’stasksaidsinbrainfunctioningandkick-startsthebody’smetabolism新陈代谢makingitdecisivetoweightlossandmaintenancE.Andbreakfastisthemealthatmostsuccessfullyregulatesghrelinthehormonethatincreaseslonger.WhilethelevelofghrelinrisesbeforeeverymealsitiscontrolledmosteffectivelyatbreakfasttimE.Theresearchershopedtodeterminewhethermealtimeandcompositionhadanimpactonweightlossintheshortandlongtermorwhetheritwasasimplematterofthecaloriccount.63.Accordingtothepassagetheunderlinedworditinparagraph2probablyrefersto__________.A.thecalorieB.thebreakfastC.thecravingforpuddingD.thelostweight64.Addingsomedessertsinyourbreakfastdietproperlywill__________.A.makeyougainmorefatB.makeyoubecomeslimmoreeasilyC.helpimproveyourpsychologicalhealthD.helpdevelopyourcravingformoredeliciousfood65.Throughparagraph5.theauthorwantstoshow__________.A.thespecialfunctionofghrelinB.somedecisivewaysoflosingweightC.thegreatimportanceofbreakfasttousD.thenutritionweshouldtakeinduringthebreakfast66.Whatwillthepassagedevelopenext?A.Anotherexperimentonweightloss.B.AnimportanceofcaloriE.C.People’sbreakfasttimE.D.Thecompositionofthebreakfast.
BeverageServiceWeserveavarietyofsoftdrinkscoffeeteaandfreeofchargE.HoweverasflyinghasadehydratingeffectwaterandnonalcoholicbeveragesarerecommendeD.ElectronicEquipmentCellularphonesFM/AMradiosportabletelevisionsetsandelectronictoyswithremotecontrolsmustnotbeusedinthecabinastheirsignalsmayinterferewiththeaircraftsnavigationalinstruments.LaptopcomputersandCDMDMP3playersmaybeusedduringcruisingportionsoftheflightbutnotduringthetakeoffandlanding.InflightEntertainmentA.wideselectionofinternationalpublicationsareavailableforyourreadingpleasurE.YoumaykeepthisfreecopyofMorningCalmmagazinebutkindlyreturnallotherreadingmaterialsafteryouhavefinishedwiththemforthebenefitoffellowpassengers.A.selectionofmusicisprovidedoneightchannelsfromchannel3to10.Thechannelchangerisonyourarmrest.Wealsoofferaselectionofpopularfilms;youmaylisteninEnglishonchannel2.Padukgoandchessareavailableonrequestandwehavefreepostcardsandstationery.MedicalNeedsWekeepaselectionofnonprescriptionmedicineforanypassengersufferingfrommildsicknesses.Anemergencymedicalkitisalsoavailableformoreseriousillnesses.TravellingwithInfantsandChildrenBabybassinetsareprovidedonafirstcomefirstservebasisandshouldberequestedatthetimeofbooking.Specialmealsforchildrenandinfantscanbeservediftherequestismade24hoursbeforedeparturE.Selectedgiveawaysforchildrenaged2to12areavailableonallinternationalflights.68.Theservicesaboveareprobablyofferedby___________.A.atravelingagentB.amedicalcenterC.anairlineD.afive-starhotel69.Ifyouturnonchannel5onyourarmrestwhatwillyouenjoy?A.Internationalnews.B.Free-of-chargedrinks.C.Fashionmagazines.D.PopularmusiC.70.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.YoushouldreturnallthereadingmaterialsforotherpassengerstoreaD.B.BabiescanhavespecialfoodifitisorderedadayearlierbeforedeparturE.C.Alcoholicbeveragesarenotservedbecausepassengersmaygetdrunk.D.AllthechildrencangetsomegiftswhentheytakeaninternationalairlinE.
Theysaythatsticksandstonesmaybreakyourbonesbutwordswillneverdothesamething.Yetchildhoodbullying欺凌reallycandamageyourlong-termhealth.Gonearethedayswhenbullyingwasconsideredanunavoidableandfinallyharmlesspartofgrowingup—justlastmonthwelearnedthatchildhoodbullyingcanleadtopoorermentalhealthevenintomiddleagE.NowWilliamCopelandatDukeUniversityinDurhamNorthCarolinaandhiscolleagueshaveshownthatitcanhavelastingphysiologicaleffectstoo.Theytracked1420nine-year-oldsrightthroughtheirteens.Eachchildwasseenuptoninetimesduringthestudyandaskedaboutbullying.TheteamthenmeasuredlevelsofC-reactiveproteinCRPintheirblooD.CRPisamarkerofinflammation炎症linkedtohigherriskofcardiovasculardisease心血管疾病andproblemslikediabetes.BecausewewerecollectingbiologicalsamplesthroughoutwewereabletolookatCRPlevelsinsubjectsbeforetheirbullyinginvolvement.saysCopelanD.Thisreallygivesusanideaofthechangesbullyingbringsabout.AlthoughCRPlevelsnaturallyriseineveryoneduringadolescencelevelswerehighestinchildrenwhoreportedsufferingfrombullies.Evenattheagesof19and21childrenwhohadoncebeenbulliedhadCRPlevelsabout1.4timeshigherthanpeers同龄人whowereneitherwrongdoersnorvictims.Inacrueltwistthebullieshadthelowestlevelsofallsuggestingtheydidn’tsufferthesamehealthrisks.TheymayevenseeabenefitfromtheirbehaviorthoughCopelandstressesitdoesn’tdefendtheiractions.Thegoalwouldinsteadbetofindotherwaystoproducethisprotectiveeffectwithoutitbeingatsomeoneelse’sexpensE.hesays.AndreaDaneseatKing’sCollegeLondonhasbeforeshownthatill-treatmentduringchildhoodcanleadtohighlevelsofinflammationinadultlifE.Thisnewstudyisahelpfuladditioninshowingthattheseeffectsextendtoanotherimportantchildhoodstressor.hesays.HesuggeststhatcareworkersmonitorlevelsofCRPinchildrenhavingpsychotherapy心理疗法toseeifitishelpingtoreducethestressofbeingbullieD.67.WhatdoweknowaboutCRPfromparagraph2?A.Itisasymboloftheinflammation.B.Itdirectlycausesproblemslikediabetes.C.ItisasymbolofcardiovasculardiseasE.D.Itisignoredbytheresearchers.68.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph3?A.CRPlevelsnaturallyrisealongwiththeincreaseofagE.B.ThebulliesarenottoblameforthehealthrisksofthebullieD.C.ThebullieshadhigherlevelsofCRPthanthebullieD.D.ThelevelsofCRPofthechildrenoncebulliedarehigherthantheirpeers.69.WhatmightbeCopeland’sattitudetowardsthebullies’behavior?A.disapprovingB.defensiveC.respectfulD.supportive70.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?A.Bullyingisbeneficialtothebullies.B.CRPlevelsreflecttherisksofpoorerhealth.C.BullyingleadstohighCRPlevels.D.Bullyinghaslastingharmfuleffectsonaperson.
Counterfeit假的medicinesareawidespreadproblemindevelopingcountries.Likeothercounterfeitstheylooklikerealproducts.Butcounterfeitdrugsmaycontaintoolittleornoneoftheactiveingredientsoftherealthing.PeopledonotgetthemedicinetheyneeD.Andinsomecasescounterfeitscausedeath.TwentychildreninBangladeshdiedlastyearafterbeinggivenacetaminophen对乙酰氨基酚.Themedicationscontainedingredientsthatlookedsmelledandtastedliketherealthing.Themedicinewasproducedbyalocaldrugcompanythatusedadangeroussubstitutetosavemoney.TheproblemofcounterfeitmedicinesisespeciallyseriousinAfricaAsiaandLatinAmericA.TheWHOestimatesthatuptothirtypercentofmedicinesonsaleinmanyofthosecountriesarecounterfeit.Theproblemislesswidespreadamongindustrializedcountries.TheWHOsayscounterfeitsmakeuplessthanonepercentoftheillegaldrugmarketincountriesliketheUnitedStatesCanadaJapanandNewZealanD.ButtheagencyalsosaysasmuchasfiftypercentofthemedicinesoldontheInternetiscounterfeit.Muchisbeingdonetofightcounterfeitdrugs.Severalcompaniesaredevelopingwaystomakecounterfeitseasiertoidentify.Andthereareexistingmethodslikeamachinethatcanquicklyidentifychemicalsinpillstoconfirmifthepillsarereal.Otherideasincludethingslikespecialtrackingcodesfordrugpackages.PeoplecouldsendatextmessagewiththecodeandgetamessagebackwhichprovesthatwhattheyboughtislistedinadatabasE.Somedrugmakersandothercompaniesputthree-dimensionalimagescalledholograms全息图ontheirproductsasasecuritydevicE.30.Wecandrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat.A.itisverycheapandconvenienttobuymedicinesonlineB.medicinecompaniesdon’tpaymuchattentiontocounterfeitdrugsC.moreandmorepeoplewillbuyproductsonlineD.wehadbetternotbuymedicinesonline31.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.ItrevealsthereasonswhycounterfeitdrugsarewidespreaD.B.Somemeasuresarebeingtakentofightcounterfeitdrugs.C.Specialtrackingcodesfordrugpackagesareusedtoidentifycounterfeits.D.Itshowsthedangerofcounterfeitdrugs.32.Whichofthefollowingcountrymayhaveseriousproblemsofcounterfeitmedicines?A.CanadA.B.Japan.C.NewZealanD.D.IndiA.
Ifyouseesomeonedrowningspeedisveryimportant.Onceyougethimoutofthewaterifheisn’tbreathingyouhavefourminutesbeforehisbrainiscompletelydestroyeD.Supporthisnecktilt使翘起hisheadbackandpresshischin下巴upwards.Thisstopsthetongueblockingtheairwayinthethroatandissometimesenoughtogethimbreathingagain.Ifthatdoesn’tworkstartmouth-to-mouthbreathing.Presshisnostrils鼻孔togetherwithyourfingers.Openyourmouthandtakeadeepbreath.Blowintohislungsuntilhischestrisesthenremoveyourmouthandwatchhischestfall.RepeattwelvetimesaminutE.Keepdoinguntilhelparrives.Tobringachildbacktolifekeepyourlipsaroundhismouthandnoseandgentlyblowintohismouth.Givethefirstfourbreathsasquicklyaspossibletofillthebloodwithoxygen.Ifinspiteofyoureffortshestartsturningabluegreycoloryoucanfeelnopulse脉搏thenpressingisthelastchanceofsavinghislifE.Witharmsstraightrock摇动forwardspressingdownonthelowerhalfofthebreastbonE.Don’tbetoohardoryoumaybreakarib肋骨.Checkhoweffectiveyouareseeingifhiscolorimprovesorhispulsebecomesindependenttoyourchestpressing.Ifthishappensstopthepressing.Otherwisecontinueuntilrescuearrives.31.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.howtosavepeopleoutofthewaterB.howtogivefirstaidtopeoplewhoaredrowningC.howtodomouth-to-mouthbreathingD.howtosaveachildfromariver32.Onceyougetadrowningmanoutofthewaterifheisn’tbreathingyoumustfirst________.A.gethimbreathingagainB.takehimtothenearesthospitalassoonaspossibleC.findsomeonetohelpyouD.calltheFirstAidCentre33.Inthelastparagraphthewordrescuemeans________.A.breathB.doctorC.helpD.pulse34.Ifthedrowningboyhasnopulse________.A.pressinghischinupwardsisenoughtogethimbreathingagainB.blowingairintohismouthissuretosavehislifeC.pressinghisnostrilstogetherwithyourfingerscanworkD.pressinghischestisthelastchanceofsavinghislife35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.IfamanfailstobreatheforfourminuteshisbrainwillbecompletelydestroyeD.B.Ifyouseesomeonedrowningyoumustgivehimmouth-to-mouthbreathing.C.Don’tstoppressinghischestifthedrowningmanstartsbreathingagain.D.Whenpressingyoucandoitashardasyoucan.
Foodisalwaysthebestweapontofightagainsttimeratherthanusingcosmeticsandhealthproducts.Thefoodonthefollowinglistwillhelpyoutokeepfitmaintainahealthyheartincreaseimmunityandspendeverydayhappily.Keywords:avoidmemorylossFreshcheesewillcontributetomemoryimprovementbecauseofitslinoleicaciD.Itisalsogoodforyourbonesduetothehighcalciumlevel.Eggsmilkwhole-wheatbreadpeanutbuttergreenpeppercauliflowerporkliverandoystersarealsogoodforyourmemory.A.cupofredwineeverydayisgoodforthenervecells.Keywords:fightagainstfatChoosingtherightfoodisaneasywaytokeepfitlikeeatingtunafishwhichislowinsugarandfatandalsohasfewcalories.Furthermoreitcontainsavarietyofhigh-qualityproteinandothernutrientsandittastesgooD.Richinironitisespeciallygoodforyoungwoman.Tunafishisconsideredtobeagreatsourceofprotein.Eating85gramsoftunafishwillprovideyouwith20gramsofprotein;thereforeyoudon'thavetoworryaboutgainingweightwhenyoueatit.Eatingtunafishisdefinitelyagoodchoicetohelpkeepfit.Keywords:cleanbloodBreakfastwithbreadandhoneyisawisechoiceforwomen.Andthedarkerthehoneythebetteritisforyou.Accordingtoresearchdarkhoneyisthebestprotectionforhumancellsasitcontainsabundantelementswithantioxidantfunctions.Theelementsfoundinhoneywillhelpcleanyourbloodandpreventcardiacandcerebraldiseases.Ifyouliketoexerciseinthewinteryoushouldeatmorehoney.Thecarbohydratesinhoneywillmaintainyourbloodsugarlevel.Keywords:increaseimmunityOrangescontainthemostvitaminC30percentmorethanotherkindsoffruit.Thesimplestandmosteffectivewaytopreventwintercoldsistoeatoranges.1or2orangesadaywillsatisfythebody'sdemandforvitaminC.Keywords:youngheartFlavonolinbroccolifloretscanmakepeoplestrongerandpreventcancer.Researchconductedon34000womenrevealedthatflavonolcanprotecttheheartandlowermyocardialinfractionfromhappeningbyarateof15-20percent.Howeverflavonolinotherplantssuchasteaorapplesdonothavethisability.OtherthanbroccolifloretswalnutsarealsogoodfortheheartastheycontainunsaturatedfattyaciD.Keywords:breastprotectionAccordingtolatestUSresearchtheriskofbreastcancerinwomenwhoeataneggeverydayis18percentlowerthanthosewhodon'teateggs.Swedishscientistshavefoundthatryehasthesamefunctionasithastheabilitytoinhibitthegrowthofcancercells.Keywords:maintaingyouryouthNoteveryonelikespeanutbutterbutnooneshouldneglectitbecauseofitsstronganti–oxidationfunctionsthatcomefromthevitaminE.itcontains.ItisalsogoodenergyfooD.Unsaturatedfattyacidinpeanutbuttercanhelppeoplefeelfullandthecarbohydratesinitcangivepeoplegreaterphysicalstrengthandvigor.32.WhowillpaymuchattentiontothispassageA.thosewhoaresufferingdiseasesB.thosewhoareintendedtokeepfitandstaybeautifulC.thosewhoareinneedofadviceonhealthD.thosewhoareoldandinbadcondition33.WhichstatementisnotFALSEA.Onlyeggsmilkwhole-wheatbreadpeanutbutteraregoodforyourmemory.B.FreshcheeseisalsogoodforyourbonesduetoitslinoleicaciD.C.A.cupofredwineeverydaycanavoidmemoryloss.D.Containingavarietyofhigh-qualityproteinandothernutrientsTunafishdoesn’ttastegooD.34.Ifyouwanttocleanyourbloodwhatshouldyoutakein?A.whole-wheatbreadB.honeyC.teaD.oranges35.Whatcanweconcludefromthelasttwopassages?A.Allofusdon’tlikepeanutbutterthoughwecan’tneglectit.B.Eatinganeggeverydaycaninhibitthegrowthofcancercells.C.Peanutbutterisn’tpopularbecauseItisgoodenergyfooD.D.Themoreeggsthelessriskofbreastcancer.
Whenyouhearofplasticsurgerywhatdoyouthinkof?A.Hollywoodstaristryingtolookyoungerthanherrealage?PeoplewhowanttochangethesizeoftheirstomachsbreastsorotherbodypartsbecausetheyseeitdonesoeasilyonTV?Thosearewhatpeopleusuallythinkofplasticsurgerybutwhataboutthe4-year-oldboywhohashischinrebuiltafteradogbithim?Ortheyoungwomanwhohasthebirthmarkonherforeheadlightenedwithalaser?Plasticsurgeryisaspecialtypeofsurgerythatcaninvolvebothaperson'sappearanceandabilitytofunction.Plasticsurgeonstrytoimprovepatients'appearancebycorrectingphysicaldefects缺陷orchangingpartsofthebodybecausetheyarenotsatisfiedwiththewaytheylook.NowadaysintheU.S.moreandmoreteensareinterestedinplasticsurgery.InterestinglytheAmericanSocietyofPlasticSurgeonsASPSreportsadifferenceinthereasonsteensgiveforhavingplasticsurgeryandthereasonsadultsdo:Teensviewplasticsurgeryasawaytofitinandlookacceptabletofriendsandpeers.AdultsontheotherhandfrequentlyseeplasticsurgeryasawaytostandoutfromthecrowD.AccordingtotheASPSmorethan350000people18yearsandyoungerhadeithermajororminorplasticsurgicalproceduresin2014.Themostcommonproceduresteenschooseincludenosereshapingearsurgeryacne粉刺andacnescartreatmentandbreastreduction.Butisitagoodideaforteenstohaveplasticsurgeryjusttochangetheappearance?PlasticsurgeryisunlikelytochangeyourlifE.Mostdoctorsspendalotoftimeinterviewingteenswhowantplasticsurgerytodecideiftheyreallyneedthesurgery.Theytrytomakesurethatteensaredoingitfortherightreasons.Almostallteenscareabouttheirbodies.AlmosteveryonewishestherewereathingortwothatcouldbechangeD.A.lotofthisfeelinggoesawaywithtimE.Beforeyougetplasticsurgeryaskyourselfifyou'reconsideringitbecauseyouwantitforyourselforit'stopleasesomeoneelsE.44.Whereisthepassagemostlikelytohavebeentakenfrom?A.A.bookreview.B.A.filmmagazinE.C.A.historybook.D.A.researchreport.45.Inthefirsttwoparagraphstheauthorintroducesplasticsurgeryby____________.A.listingsomenumbersB.givingcommonexamplesC.providingscientificfindingsD.comparingdifferentopinions46.Accordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingsituationsmeansyoureallyneedplasticsurgery?A.Youcan'tstandyourbignosE.B.Youwanttobethemostbeautifulgirlinyourclass.C.Thebirthmarkonyourfacemakesyouunconfident.D.Mostofyourfriendshavealreadyhadplasticsurgery.
WhenKate’spaintingswereonshowinLondonapoetdescribedherpaintingsasaribbon丝带aroundabomb.SuchcommentsseemtosuggestKatehadabiginfluenceontheartworldofhertimE.SadlysheisactuallyamuchbiggernametodaythanshewasduringhertimE.Bornin1907inavillagenearMexicoCityKatesufferedfrompolio小儿麻痹症attheageofseven.Herspine脊柱becamebentasshegrewolder.Thenin1925herbackwasbrokeninseveralplacesinaschool-busaccident.Throughouttherestofherlifetheartisthadmanyoperationsbutnothingwasabletocuretheterriblepaininherback.Howevertheaccidenthadanunexpectedsideeffect.WhilelyinginherbedrecoveringKatetaughtherselftopaint.In1929shegotmarriedtoDiegoRiveraanotherfamousMexicanartist.Rivera’sstronginfluencesonKate’sstylecanbeseeninherearlyworksbutherlaterworksfromthe1940sknowntodayasherbestworksshowlessinfluencefromherhusbanD.Unfortunatelyherworksdidnotattractmuchattentioninthe1930sand1940seveninherhomecountry.Herfirstone-womanshowinMexicowasnothelduntil1953.Formorethanadecadeafterherdeathin1954Kate’sworksremainedlargelyunnoticedbytheworldbutinthe1970sherworksbegantogaininternationalfameatlast.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseamuchbiggernameinparagraph1mostprobablymean?A.A.farbetterartist.B.A.farmoregiftedartist.C.A.muchstrongerperson.D.A.muchmorefamousperson.26.TheterriblepainKatesufferedwascausedby.A.polioB.herbentspineC.backinjuriesD.theoperationsshehad27.Kate’sstylehadbecomeincreasinglyindependentsincethe.A.1930sB.1940sC.1950sD.1970s28.Whatisauthor’sattitudetowardKate?A.Devotion.B.Sympathy.C.Worry.D.Encouragement.
Youcanhearasoftsoundastheyapproach.Theylooksimilartoskateboardsbutareactuallyquitedifferent.TheyarelongboardsandarerapidlybecomingamorecommonandstylishwaytoquicklygetarounD.Longboardingbeganinthe1950soriginallyknownassidewalksurfingbecauseriderswouldmoveinawaythatresembledcatchingawavE.Theboardsgottheirnamebecausetheyaremuchlongerandwiderthanskateboardsusuallybetween90and150centimetersinlength.Everykindoflongboardconsistsoftrucksfourwheelsandalongdeck.Thesizeandshapevaryhoweverdependingonhowariderplanstouseit.Unliketheirshortercousinslongboardsarenotintendedfordoingtricks.Theirmostbasicuseisfortravel.Commuting往返vialongboardisnowcommononcollegecampusesintheU.S..Howevertheyaregoodforfarmorethantravel.Mostlongboardersenjoythefeelingthattheboardgivesafeelingsimilartosurfing.Butsomeadventurousriderswantmorethanafeeling.Thesportofspeedboardingappealstothesethrill-seekerswhoarelookingforanadrenalin肾上腺素rush.SpeedboardsaredesignedforridingdownhillsathighspeedswhilekeepingbalancE.Sincethesportcanbedangerousridersusuallywearsuitsandhelmetsintheeventofafall.Thosewhodon’thavetheneedforspeedputtheirlongboardstoothergooduses.Riderscancompeteinslalom障碍赛racingorlong-distanceridingbothofwhichrequireaccuracyandstrength.Ifyouwantsomethingcompletelyuniquethereisevenlongboarddancing.ThisstylishsetofmovesisperformedwhilerollingonaboarD.Forfeelingspeedorstylegivealongboardatry.YoumightjustdiscoveryouenjoytheridE.35.Wemaylearnfromtheunderlinedsentencethat.A.longboardscanonlybeusedfortravelB.skateboardsaremeantfordoingtricksC.shortercousinsdon’tintendtoplayjokesD.longboardsarepopularoncollegecampuses36.Ifyouareathrill-seekeryouhadbetterchoose.A.SpeedboardingB.slalomracingC.long-distanceridingD.longboarddancing37.Theauthorwrotethepassageto.A.studytheoriginoflongboardsB.informpeopleofthelatestproductC.investigatethebenefitsoflongboardsD.encouragepeopletotakeuplongboarding38.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.CommutingviaLongboardB.A.FeelingSimilartoSurfingC.LongboardingGettingAroundD.SkateboardsandLongboards
NowadayspeopledemandconveniencE.Theyeatfastfoodandusepapertowels.Someevenweardisposable一次性的underwear.Thecontainerspackagingandtrashleftinthewakeofthisconveniencefillsourlandfillsandpollutesourenvironment.Sowhilewesavetimeandeffortweareslowlykillingtheenvironment.Fortunatelygovernmentsarebeginningtoforceustochangeourwastefulhabits.Freeplasticbagsamajorfaultofdisposableculturehavebeenbannedatsupermarketsandstoresaroundtheworld—andmostrecentlyinChinA.Thebanhasdrawnpeople’sattentiontothedangersofadisposableculturE.About94percentofthematerialsusedinmakingdurable耐用的productsbecomewastebeforetheproductismanufactureD.EightypercentofwhatwemakeisthrownawaywithinsixmonthsofproductionabooktitledNaturalCapitalismandwrittenbyPaulHawkenAmoryB.LovinsandL.HunterLovinswarnsus.TherearemanycausesofdisposableculturE.Desireforconvenienceisoneofthem.Peopleareworkinglongerhoursthereforetheyhavelesstimeandenergyfortaskslikecookingandcleaning.Thismakesusmorelikelytobuythingsthatsaveustimesuchaspre-cookedmealsandmagicalcleaningproducts.Everyonethesedayswantstheirhomestobeabsolutelyspotlessbuttheycan’thandletheideaoftouchingsomethingdirtyreadsapostonablogtitledLifeLessPlastic.Psychology心理学alsoplaysaroleinencouragingdisposableculturE.SomeonewhocarriesaclothbagtoasupermarketlikeCarrefourmightbesneeredatandthoughttobegranny-like.IfsomeonerefillsaCokebottlewithwaterpeoplemightwhisper:Ishethatpoor?Disposablecultureisalsodrivenbyfashionandtechnology.PeopleconstantlyreplacethingstheyownforabiggerTVamore–stylishmp3playeramultifunctionalcellphonE.ThisneedfornewcontributestoourwastefulculturE.Regulationsagainstplasticbagsgenerallyonlygivegovernmentstherighttobanretailers零售商fromhandingthemoutforfreE.They’renotbannedaltogether.Butit’sagoodstart.BeofgoodcheerwritesBibivanderZeeinaGuardianblog.Whereplasticbagsleadtherestcansurelyfollow.51.Manypeopleareinfavourofthedisposableculturebecause.A.80%ofdurableproductscanlastverylongB.TheyaretoobusytofinishthetasksofhouseworkC.PsychologyplaysaleadingroleinpromotingdisposablecultureD.Theytendtoenjoytheconveniencebroughtbydisposableculture52.Theunderlinedwordssneeredatisclosestinmeaningto.A.shoutedatB.lookedatC.laughedatD.knockedat53.What’stheattitudeoftheauthortowardstheban?A.neutralB.positiveC.negativeD.indifferent54.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.CostlyconvenienceB.DangersofadisposablecultureC.KillingtheenvironmentD.LifeLessPlastic
Isitokaytokeepexercisingwhenyouhaveacold?Whatabouttheflu?Withwintervirusesgoingaroundit’simportanttoknowhowtoalteryourtrainingifyoudocatchagermortwo.TheguidelinesareprettyeasysaysDrLorenzoMascifromtheAlphingtonSportsMedicineCliniC.Anythingabovetheneck---soifyou’vegotacoldforexamplearunnynoseorasorethroat---thenyoushouldprobablycutdownyourexercisebyhalfanddo50percentofwhatyounormallydo.Ifyou’vegotanythingbelowthenecklikemusclepainjointpainorfeveryoushouldn’treallyexerciseatalluntilthosegeneralsymptomssettledownLorenzosays.Hepointsoutthatacoughwouldalsofallintothismoreseriouscategory.ForexampleifanyonecomesinwithafeverandarunnynoseI’dtellthemtostopexercisinguntilthefeverandthemuscleachesettles.Thentheycanstarttheirtrainingagainat50percentonceallthosesymptomssettleevenifthey’vegotabitofarunnynoseorasorethroat.Thereasonwetellpeopletostopexercisingisbecauseifyouexercisewhenyou’reunwellitcanmaketheillnessworseandprolongit.ThereisasecondreasonLorenzoadviseshispatientstostopexercisingwhentheyhavebelowthenecksymptoms.Intheeventyouhaveanillnesswhichaffectsyourheartexercisecansometimesactuallyleadtodeath.Lorenzoadvisestotakezinc锌andvitaminC.asawayofpreventingcolds.Butheadmitsthatthisiscontroversial---somestudieshaveshownthatthesesupplementscanimproveimmunefunctionwhileotherstudieshavecastdoubtontheissuE.Thegoodnewsisthatifyouexerciseregularlyyou’relikelytoimproveyourimmunefunction.Ifyouexercisetoomuchitcanpredispose使倾向于youtocoughsandsniffleshepointsout.Thisisoftenthecaseforexcellentathleteswhotraineverydaysuchastriathletes铁人三项运动员.Butwhatwedoknowisthatifyouexerciseatamoderatelevelyourimmunesystemimprovessuchthatyou’reprobablyatalowerriskofdevelopingcoughsandcolds.41.HowmanyguidelinesdoesDrLorenzomainlysuggestondoingexerciseswhenpeoplecatchacold?A.OnE.B.Two.C.ThreE.D.Four.42.Howshouldpeopledoexerciseswithafeveroracough?A.Theyshouldprobablyreducetheirtrainingtimeby50%.B.Theyshouldstopexercisinguntiltheyrecover.C.Theyshouldstartexercisingat50%aftertheirrunnynosesettles.D.Theyshoulddohalfofwhattheynormallydo.43.Whatistheworstresultifpeopledon’tstopexercisingwhentheyareunwell?A.Worseningtheillness.B.Prolongingtheillness.C.Affectingtheheart.D.BringingaboutthreattolifE.44.Whatcanbeprovedfromthelastparagraph?A.ZincandVitaminC.canhelptopreventcolds.B.ThemoreexerciseswedothestrongerourimmunefunctionwillbE.C.Doingexercisesregularlycanhelpuspreventcolds.D.Excellentathletesseldomgetcoughsorsniffles.45.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.Relationshipbetweenexercisesandflu.B.Howtodoexercises.C.Howtocopewithflu.D.Whentodoexercises.
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