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From my standpoint, this thing is just ridiculous（ ）
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Frommy{{U}}standpoint{{/U}}thisthingisjustridiculo
field
point of view
knowledge
information
阅读短文并按照题目要求用英语回答问题 I’ma34-year-oldmanmarriedl
Frommy{{U}}standpoint{{/U}}youknowthisthingisjustf
position
point of view
knowledge
opinion
Frommy{{U}}standpoint{{/U}}youknowthisthingisjustr
position
point of view
knowledge
opinion
Frommystandpointyouknowthisthingisjustridiculous.
position
point of view
knowledge
opinion
Whichofthelistedcharacteristicsoflubeoilarethemost
Ash content, carbon residue, and gravity
Viscosity, acidity, and demulsibility
Pour point, flash, point, and precipitation number
Auto-ignition point, viscosity index, and film strength
Frommystandpointyouknowthisthingisjustridiculous.
position
point of view
knowledge
opinion
Frommystandpointyouknowthisthingisjustridiculous.
position
point of view
knowledge
opinion
缺词填空Ialwaysthoughtthatmoneywasthemostimportantthin
－Ihaveheardthatyouarekeenondrawingright?－.It’sthel
That’s right
Exactly
Far from it
Just for fun
Frommystandpointthisthingisjustridiculous.
field
point of view
knowledge
information
Welearnfromthetextthattrafficplannersaremoreconcer
the attitude of drivers in London.
taking a political standpoint.
sophisticated toiling systems.
imposing congestion charging.
Frommystandpointyouknowthisthingisjustfunny.
position
point of view
knowledge
opinion
Frommystandpointyouknowthisthingisjustfunny.
position
point of view
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opinion
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{{*HTML*}}Everyyearthousandsofgreywhalesmakethelongestmigrationofanyanimaltraveling7000mileseachwaybetweentheArcticandBajaCalifornia.ThegreywhalesspendthelongsummerdaysintheirArcticfeedinggroundsintheBeringSeabetweenAlaskaandRussia.Unlikeafishthewhaleiswarm-bloodedandmustthereforemaintainarelativelyhighinternalbodytemperature.InthecoldArcticwatersthegreywhaleisprotectedbyanouterlayerofblubberwhichaveragessixinchesinthickness.OtherwhalessuchastheGreenlandNightwhalehavebeenfoundwithatwo-footthicklayerofblubbercoveringtheirbodies.2.??DuringthesesummermonthsintheArcticthegreywhalesfattenthemselvesbyconsumingenormousquantitiesofsmallshrimp-likeanimalscalledamphipods.RecentobservationsofayounggreywhaleGigiⅡheldincaptivityatSeaWorldinSanDiegoduring1971and1972suggestthatthegreywhalefeedsbysweepingitsenormousheadoverthebottom.Theamphipodsonwhichitfeedsareeitherstirredoffthebottomorleapoffthebottomtoescape.Theseanimalsandthesurroundingwateraresuckedintothewhale’smouth.Asthewaterisexpelledfromthemouthitpassesthroughcoarsebaleenfibres.Thesmallanimalsaretrappedandswallowed.3.??InOctoberasthedaysgetshorterandicebeginstoformovertheArcticfeedinggroundstheCaliforniagreywhalebeginsitslongjourneysouthtothewarmwatersofBajaCalifornia.Duringthisthree-monthlongtripthewhalestravellingingroupsstayclosetotheshoreofNorthAmericaswimmingbothdayandnightandaveragingabut100milesperday.4??Duringthetripsouththegreywhalesthataresexuallymatureatleastthreeyearsoldandnotpregnantalreadyformmatinggroups.Thesegroupsarecomposedofthreewhalestwomalesandafemale.Thedominantmalecoupleswiththefemalewhilethesecondmaleiskeptbusypositioningthetwowhalesontheirsidesfacingeachotherandkeepingthemtogetherduringthesexact.Thisisnosmalljobsinceeachwhalecanbefiftyfeetlongandweighfortytons.5.??DuringDecemberandJanuarythegreywhalesarriveatthewarmlagoonsalongthecoastofBajaCalifornia.Thewhalesswimmilesinlandalongnarrowshallowchannels.ThesechannelsarethebreedinggroundsoftheCaliforniagreywhale.Thecalfhasbeengestatinginthepregnantfemaleforthelastthirteenmonthsthatissinceherlastjourneysouth.Theexpectantcowisaidedinthebirthofthecalfbyanotherfemalethatactsasamidwife.Atbirththecalfsinkstowardtheseafloor.Beingamammalthewhalemustbreatheatthesurface.Themidwifeguidesthebabywhaletothesurfaceforitsfirstgulpofair.Thecalfthenfindsitsmother’snipplesandrichwhalemilkisforcedintoitsmouth.Duringthenexttwomonthsthecalfwillgrowtwentyfeetanddoubleitsweight.6.??InMarchthewhalesbegintheirlongjourneynorthtotheArctic.Thenewly-pregnantfemalesleavefirstfollowingbythemalesandimmaturefemales.ThelasttoleavethewarmwatersofBajaarethefemalesandtheircalves.ThewhalesarriveattheirArcticfeedinggroundinJune.Manyscientistsbelievethatduringthisentireeightmonthlong14000milejourneytheCaliforniagreywhaledoesnotfeedatall!Alayerofblubberapproximatelysixinchesthick______.
TheySayIreland’stheBest Irelandisthebestplaceintheworldtoliveinfor2005accordingtoalifequalityrankingthatappearedinBritain’sEconomistmagazinelastweek. Theambitiousattempttocomparehappinesslevelsaroundtheworldisbasedontheprinciplethatwealthisnottheonlymeasureofhumansatisfactionandwell-being. Theindexof111countriesusesdataonincomeshealthunemploymentclimatepoliticalstabilityjobsecuritygenderequalityaswellaswhatthemagazinecalls"freedomfamilyandcommunitylife". Despitethebadweathertroubledhealthservicetrafficcongestion拥挤genderinequalityandthehighcostofliving.Irelandscoredanimpressive8.33pointsoutof10. Thatputitwellaheadofsecond-placeSwitzerlandwhichmanaged8.07.Zimbabwetroubledbypoliticalinsecurityandhungerisratedthegloomiest最差的pickinguponly3.89points. "Althoughrisingincomesandincreasedindividualchoicesarehighlyvalued."thereportsaid"someofthefactorsassociatedwithmodernizationsuchasthebreakdown崩溃intraditionalinstitutionsandfamilyvaluesinparttakeawayfromapositiveimpact." "Irelandwinsbecauseitsuccessfullycombinesthemostdesirableelementsofthenewwiththepreservationofcertainwarmelementsoftheoldsuchasstablefamilyandcommunitylife". Themagazineadmittedmeasuringqualityoflifeisnotastraightforwardthingtodoandthatitsfindingswouldhavetheircritics. No.2onthelistisSwitzerland.Theothernationsinthetop10areNorwayLuxembourgSwedenAustraliaIcelandItalyDenmarkandSpain. TheUKispositionedatNo.29amuchlowerpositionchieflybecauseofthesocialandfamilybreakdownrecordedinofficialstatistics.TheUSwhichhasthesecondhighestpercapitaGDP人均国内生产总值afterLuxembourgtookthe13thplaceinthesurvey.Chinawasinthelowerhalfoftheleagueat60th. FamilylifeinZimbabweisnotstable.
Manyoftheirideasarebeingincorporatedintoorthodoxmedicaltreatment.
{{*HTML*}}Semco??At21RicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather’sbusinessinBrazilSemcowhichsoldpartsforships．SemlerJuniorworkedlikeamadmanfrom7:30a.m.untilmidnighteveryday．OneafternoonwhiletouringafactoryinNewYorkhecollapsed．ThedoctorwhotreatedhimsaidThere’snothingwrongwithyou．Butifyoucontinuelikethis．you’llfindanewhomeinourhospital．Semlergotthemessage．Hechangedthewayheworked．Infacthechangedthewayhisemployeesworkedtoo．??Helethisworkerstakemoreresponsibilitysothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhenthingswentwrong．Heallowedthemtosettheirownsalariesandhecutallthejobshethoughtwereunnecessarylikereceptionistsandsecretaries．?46?EveryoneatSemco．eventopmanagersmeetsguestsinreceptiondoesthephotocopyingsendsfaxestypeslettersanddialsthephone．??HecompletelyreorganizedtheofficeinsteadofwallstheyhaveplantsatSemcosobossescan’tshutthemselvesawayfromeveryoneelse．?47?AsforuniformssomepeoplewearsuitsandotherswearT-shirts．??SemlersaysWehaveasalesmanagernamedRubinAgaterwhositstherereadingthenewspaperhourafterhour．Hedoesn’tevenpretendtobebusy．ButwhenaSemcopumpontheothersideoftheworldfailsandmillionsofgallonsofoilareabouttospillintotheseaRubinspringsintoaction．?48?That’swhenheearnshissalary．Noonecaresifhedoesn’tlookbusytherestofthetime．??Semcohasflexibleworkinghourstheemployeesdecidewhentheyneedtoarriveatwork．Theemployeesalsoevaluatetheirbossestwiceayear．?49???Itsoundsperfectbutdoesitwork?TheanswerisinthenumbersinthelastsixyearsSemco’srevenueshavegonefrom$35millionto$212million．Thecompanyhasgrownfromeighthundredemployeesto3000．Why???Semlersaysit’sbecauseofpeerpressure．Peerpressuremakeseveryoneworkhardforeveryoneelse．?50?InotherwordsRicardoSemlertreatshisworkerslikeadultsandexpectsthemtoactlikeadults．Andtheydo．??A．AlsoSemcoletsitsworkersusethecompany’smachinesfortheirownprojectsandmakesthemtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysayear．??B．Mostmanagersspendtheirtimemakingitdifficultforworkerstowork．??C．Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany．??D．Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant．??E．Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhowtofixthem．??F．Ifsomeoneisn’tdoinghisjobwelltheotherworkerswillnotallowthesituationtocontinue．
Thedentisthasdecidedtoextractherbadtooth.
Thegoalforeachplayerinthegameofchessistotraptheotherplayer'skingintoapositionfromwhichescapeisimpossible.
TransportationuseatoBeMuch SlowerthanItIsNow Formanyyearsintiledesertcamelsusedtobetheonlyformoftransportation.Beforethe51ofmoderntrainscameltrainsusedtocarryal!thegoodsfortradingbetweenCentralAfricaandEurope.Traderssometimes52toputtogethercameltrainswith10000to15000animals.Eachanimaloftencarried53400poundsanditcouldtraveltwentymilesaday.Thisformoftransportationwassoimportant54camelswerecalledthe"shipofthedesert". Nowmoderntrainstravelacrossthedesertinavery55time.Oneenginecanpullasmuchweightas13500056inadditiontrainsusespecialcarsfortheirload.Refrigeratorcarscarryfood;boxcarscarryheavygoods;stockcarscarryanimals;andtankcarscarryoil. 57travelhaschangedtoo.Theearliestplaneswerebiplaneswithtwosetsofwings.Thetopspeedofthisplanewas60milesperhour.Thepilotsusedtositorlieonthewingsintheopenair.Theplane58sometimesstoppedinthemiddleofatrip.Itusedtobe59toflyinbadweather.Insnoworinrainthewingsfrequentlybecameicy.60theplanemightgodown. MechanicalimprovementsduringtheFirstWorldWarchangedairplanes.Monoplanestooktheplaceofbiplanes.Pilotsflewinsideofcoveredcabins.Stilleventheseplanesweresmallandexpensive.Only61peoplewereabletotravelinairplanes. Nowmodernjetsmakeairtravelpossibleforallpeople.62placeintheworldismorethan1hoursawaybyjet.Furtherimprovementshave63thecostofflyingandtheyhavemadeairtravelmuchsaferthanitusedtobe.Amodern707cancarry170peopleandcanflyat600milesperhour.People64usedtoeatsleeporwatchmoviesonairplanes.65thesethingsareanormalpartofairtravel! 62
TransportationuseatoBeMuch SlowerthanItIsNow Formanyyearsintiledesertcamelsusedtobetheonlyformoftransportation.Beforethe51ofmoderntrainscameltrainsusedtocarryal!thegoodsfortradingbetweenCentralAfricaandEurope.Traderssometimes52toputtogethercameltrainswith10000to15000animals.Eachanimaloftencarried53400poundsanditcouldtraveltwentymilesaday.Thisformoftransportationwassoimportant54camelswerecalledthe"shipofthedesert". Nowmoderntrainstravelacrossthedesertinavery55time.Oneenginecanpullasmuchweightas13500056inadditiontrainsusespecialcarsfortheirload.Refrigeratorcarscarryfood;boxcarscarryheavygoods;stockcarscarryanimals;andtankcarscarryoil. 57travelhaschangedtoo.Theearliestplaneswerebiplaneswithtwosetsofwings.Thetopspeedofthisplanewas60milesperhour.Thepilotsusedtositorlieonthewingsintheopenair.Theplane58sometimesstoppedinthemiddleofatrip.Itusedtobe59toflyinbadweather.Insnoworinrainthewingsfrequentlybecameicy.60theplanemightgodown. MechanicalimprovementsduringtheFirstWorldWarchangedairplanes.Monoplanestooktheplaceofbiplanes.Pilotsflewinsideofcoveredcabins.Stilleventheseplanesweresmallandexpensive.Only61peoplewereabletotravelinairplanes. Nowmodernjetsmakeairtravelpossibleforallpeople.62placeintheworldismorethan1hoursawaybyjet.Furtherimprovementshave63thecostofflyingandtheyhavemadeairtravelmuchsaferthanitusedtobe.Amodern707cancarry170peopleandcanflyat600milesperhour.People64usedtoeatsleeporwatchmoviesonairplanes.65thesethingsareanormalpartofairtravel! 64
TransportationuseatoBeMuch SlowerthanItIsNow Formanyyearsintiledesertcamelsusedtobetheonlyformoftransportation.Beforethe51ofmoderntrainscameltrainsusedtocarryal!thegoodsfortradingbetweenCentralAfricaandEurope.Traderssometimes52toputtogethercameltrainswith10000to15000animals.Eachanimaloftencarried53400poundsanditcouldtraveltwentymilesaday.Thisformoftransportationwassoimportant54camelswerecalledthe"shipofthedesert". Nowmoderntrainstravelacrossthedesertinavery55time.Oneenginecanpullasmuchweightas13500056inadditiontrainsusespecialcarsfortheirload.Refrigeratorcarscarryfood;boxcarscarryheavygoods;stockcarscarryanimals;andtankcarscarryoil. 57travelhaschangedtoo.Theearliestplaneswerebiplaneswithtwosetsofwings.Thetopspeedofthisplanewas60milesperhour.Thepilotsusedtositorlieonthewingsintheopenair.Theplane58sometimesstoppedinthemiddleofatrip.Itusedtobe59toflyinbadweather.Insnoworinrainthewingsfrequentlybecameicy.60theplanemightgodown. MechanicalimprovementsduringtheFirstWorldWarchangedairplanes.Monoplanestooktheplaceofbiplanes.Pilotsflewinsideofcoveredcabins.Stilleventheseplanesweresmallandexpensive.Only61peoplewereabletotravelinairplanes. Nowmodernjetsmakeairtravelpossibleforallpeople.62placeintheworldismorethan1hoursawaybyjet.Furtherimprovementshave63thecostofflyingandtheyhavemadeairtravelmuchsaferthanitusedtobe.Amodern707cancarry170peopleandcanflyat600milesperhour.People64usedtoeatsleeporwatchmoviesonairplanes.65thesethingsareanormalpartofairtravel! 54
Therearetwogreatmysteriesaboutthebeach.Oneiswhyhumanbeingsflocktherebythousandsonlytoprostrate俯卧themselvesindensepacksofglisteningflesh.Theotheriswhythesandgoesthere.Strangeasitseemsoceanographershaveneverreallyunderstoodwhysandpilesupontheshore.NowDouglasInmanandDanielConleythinktheyhavesolvedthepuzzle. Thepuzzlehadtodowithwaves.Thoughitmightseemintuitivethatwavescarrywatertoshoreandsandalongwithitit’snotthatsimple.Thecrest浪尖ofapassingwaveliftsagivenhitofwaterupwardandlandwardbuttheensuingtrough波谷pushesthewaterbackdownandOuttosea.Nearthebottomtherethesandisthewaterwasalwaysassumedtojustslidebackandforth—andthesandwithit."Ifyoutakeaveryalooflookatabeach"saysInman"you’llrealizethatifthetwomotionsmovesandbackandforththesameamountthenallthesandshouldendupindeepwater.’ Soforbeachestoexistthecrest’sonshoreflowmustsomehowmoveenoughsandupthebeachtocountertheseawardtugofboththetroughandgravity.ThepressurechangesinthesandbedInmanandConleythinkarethekeytobeachcreation.Theyfoundthatsanddoesn’tjustslidebackandforthwitheachpassingwave.Underatroughitdoesslideseawardinathinlayerjustabovethebottom.Butunderacrestitsmovementisoftenmoreelaborate.Thehigherpressureunderacrest—higherbecausethewaterispiledhigher—forceswaterintotheporous多孔的sand.Thiscreatesstrongwhirlpoolsjustabovethesandwhichhelploosenit.Asthecrestpassesoverheadthesandfirstrushesacrossthebottom;thenitabruptlyturnsviolentliftingoffthebottominlargeboilingbunches.Finallyjustafterthecrestpassesthesandexplodesupintothegreatwatercolumn.Theboilingandrushingmovemoresandthanthebackslidingunderatroughsothere’sanetmovementofsandtowardtheshore. Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage
Thecommitteecomprisesfivepersons.
{{*HTML*}}Everyyearthousandsofgreywhalesmakethelongestmigrationofanyanimaltraveling7000mileseachwaybetweentheArcticandBajaCalifornia.ThegreywhalesspendthelongsummerdaysintheirArcticfeedinggroundsintheBeringSeabetweenAlaskaandRussia.Unlikeafishthewhaleiswarm-bloodedandmustthereforemaintainarelativelyhighinternalbodytemperature.InthecoldArcticwatersthegreywhaleisprotectedbyanouterlayerofblubberwhichaveragessixinchesinthickness.OtherwhalessuchastheGreenlandNightwhalehavebeenfoundwithatwo-footthicklayerofblubbercoveringtheirbodies.2.??DuringthesesummermonthsintheArcticthegreywhalesfattenthemselvesbyconsumingenormousquantitiesofsmallshrimp-likeanimalscalledamphipods.RecentobservationsofayounggreywhaleGigiⅡheldincaptivityatSeaWorldinSanDiegoduring1971and1972suggestthatthegreywhalefeedsbysweepingitsenormousheadoverthebottom.Theamphipodsonwhichitfeedsareeitherstirredoffthebottomorleapoffthebottomtoescape.Theseanimalsandthesurroundingwateraresuckedintothewhale’smouth.Asthewaterisexpelledfromthemouthitpassesthroughcoarsebaleenfibres.Thesmallanimalsaretrappedandswallowed.3.??InOctoberasthedaysgetshorterandicebeginstoformovertheArcticfeedinggroundstheCaliforniagreywhalebeginsitslongjourneysouthtothewarmwatersofBajaCalifornia.Duringthisthree-monthlongtripthewhalestravellingingroupsstayclosetotheshoreofNorthAmericaswimmingbothdayandnightandaveragingabut100milesperday.4??Duringthetripsouththegreywhalesthataresexuallymatureatleastthreeyearsoldandnotpregnantalreadyformmatinggroups.Thesegroupsarecomposedofthreewhalestwomalesandafemale.Thedominantmalecoupleswiththefemalewhilethesecondmaleiskeptbusypositioningthetwowhalesontheirsidesfacingeachotherandkeepingthemtogetherduringthesexact.Thisisnosmalljobsinceeachwhalecanbefiftyfeetlongandweighfortytons.5.??DuringDecemberandJanuarythegreywhalesarriveatthewarmlagoonsalongthecoastofBajaCalifornia.Thewhalesswimmilesinlandalongnarrowshallowchannels.ThesechannelsarethebreedinggroundsoftheCaliforniagreywhale.Thecalfhasbeengestatinginthepregnantfemaleforthelastthirteenmonthsthatissinceherlastjourneysouth.Theexpectantcowisaidedinthebirthofthecalfbyanotherfemalethatactsasamidwife.Atbirththecalfsinkstowardtheseafloor.Beingamammalthewhalemustbreatheatthesurface.Themidwifeguidesthebabywhaletothesurfaceforitsfirstgulpofair.Thecalfthenfindsitsmother’snipplesandrichwhalemilkisforcedintoitsmouth.Duringthenexttwomonthsthecalfwillgrowtwentyfeetanddoubleitsweight.6.??InMarchthewhalesbegintheirlongjourneynorthtotheArctic.Thenewly-pregnantfemalesleavefirstfollowingbythemalesandimmaturefemales.ThelasttoleavethewarmwatersofBajaarethefemalesandtheircalves.ThewhalesarriveattheirArcticfeedinggroundinJune.Manyscientistsbelievethatduringthisentireeightmonthlong14000milejourneytheCaliforniagreywhaledoesnotfeedatall!Amatinggroupconsistsof______.
TransportationuseatoBeMuch SlowerthanItIsNow Formanyyearsintiledesertcamelsusedtobetheonlyformoftransportation.Beforethe51ofmoderntrainscameltrainsusedtocarryal!thegoodsfortradingbetweenCentralAfricaandEurope.Traderssometimes52toputtogethercameltrainswith10000to15000animals.Eachanimaloftencarried53400poundsanditcouldtraveltwentymilesaday.Thisformoftransportationwassoimportant54camelswerecalledthe"shipofthedesert". Nowmoderntrainstravelacrossthedesertinavery55time.Oneenginecanpullasmuchweightas13500056inadditiontrainsusespecialcarsfortheirload.Refrigeratorcarscarryfood;boxcarscarryheavygoods;stockcarscarryanimals;andtankcarscarryoil. 57travelhaschangedtoo.Theearliestplaneswerebiplaneswithtwosetsofwings.Thetopspeedofthisplanewas60milesperhour.Thepilotsusedtositorlieonthewingsintheopenair.Theplane58sometimesstoppedinthemiddleofatrip.Itusedtobe59toflyinbadweather.Insnoworinrainthewingsfrequentlybecameicy.60theplanemightgodown. MechanicalimprovementsduringtheFirstWorldWarchangedairplanes.Monoplanestooktheplaceofbiplanes.Pilotsflewinsideofcoveredcabins.Stilleventheseplanesweresmallandexpensive.Only61peoplewereabletotravelinairplanes. Nowmodernjetsmakeairtravelpossibleforallpeople.62placeintheworldismorethan1hoursawaybyjet.Furtherimprovementshave63thecostofflyingandtheyhavemadeairtravelmuchsaferthanitusedtobe.Amodern707cancarry170peopleandcanflyat600milesperhour.People64usedtoeatsleeporwatchmoviesonairplanes.65thesethingsareanormalpartofairtravel! 56
TransportationuseatoBeMuch SlowerthanItIsNow Formanyyearsintiledesertcamelsusedtobetheonlyformoftransportation.Beforethe51ofmoderntrainscameltrainsusedtocarryal!thegoodsfortradingbetweenCentralAfricaandEurope.Traderssometimes52toputtogethercameltrainswith10000to15000animals.Eachanimaloftencarried53400poundsanditcouldtraveltwentymilesaday.Thisformoftransportationwassoimportant54camelswerecalledthe"shipofthedesert". Nowmoderntrainstravelacrossthedesertinavery55time.Oneenginecanpullasmuchweightas13500056inadditiontrainsusespecialcarsfortheirload.Refrigeratorcarscarryfood;boxcarscarryheavygoods;stockcarscarryanimals;andtankcarscarryoil. 57travelhaschangedtoo.Theearliestplaneswerebiplaneswithtwosetsofwings.Thetopspeedofthisplanewas60milesperhour.Thepilotsusedtositorlieonthewingsintheopenair.Theplane58sometimesstoppedinthemiddleofatrip.Itusedtobe59toflyinbadweather.Insnoworinrainthewingsfrequentlybecameicy.60theplanemightgodown. MechanicalimprovementsduringtheFirstWorldWarchangedairplanes.Monoplanestooktheplaceofbiplanes.Pilotsflewinsideofcoveredcabins.Stilleventheseplanesweresmallandexpensive.Only61peoplewereabletotravelinairplanes. Nowmodernjetsmakeairtravelpossibleforallpeople.62placeintheworldismorethan1hoursawaybyjet.Furtherimprovementshave63thecostofflyingandtheyhavemadeairtravelmuchsaferthanitusedtobe.Amodern707cancarry170peopleandcanflyat600milesperhour.People64usedtoeatsleeporwatchmoviesonairplanes.65thesethingsareanormalpartofairtravel! 58
TheySayIreland’stheBest Irelandisthebestplaceintheworldtoliveinfor2005accordingtoalifequalityrankingthatappearedinBritain’sEconomistmagazinelastweek. Theambitiousattempttocomparehappinesslevelsaroundtheworldisbasedontheprinciplethatwealthisnottheonlymeasureofhumansatisfactionandwell-being. Theindexof111countriesusesdataonincomeshealthunemploymentclimatepoliticalstabilityjobsecuritygenderequalityaswellaswhatthemagazinecalls"freedomfamilyandcommunitylife". Despitethebadweathertroubledhealthservicetrafficcongestion拥挤genderinequalityandthehighcostofliving.Irelandscoredanimpressive8.33pointsoutof10. Thatputitwellaheadofsecond-placeSwitzerlandwhichmanaged8.07.Zimbabwetroubledbypoliticalinsecurityandhungerisratedthegloomiest最差的pickinguponly3.89points. "Althoughrisingincomesandincreasedindividualchoicesarehighlyvalued."thereportsaid"someofthefactorsassociatedwithmodernizationsuchasthebreakdown崩溃intraditionalinstitutionsandfamilyvaluesinparttakeawayfromapositiveimpact." "Irelandwinsbecauseitsuccessfullycombinesthemostdesirableelementsofthenewwiththepreservationofcertainwarmelementsoftheoldsuchasstablefamilyandcommunitylife". Themagazineadmittedmeasuringqualityoflifeisnotastraightforwardthingtodoandthatitsfindingswouldhavetheircritics. No.2onthelistisSwitzerland.Theothernationsinthetop10areNorwayLuxembourgSwedenAustraliaIcelandItalyDenmarkandSpain. TheUKispositionedatNo.29amuchlowerpositionchieflybecauseofthesocialandfamilybreakdownrecordedinofficialstatistics.TheUSwhichhasthesecondhighestpercapitaGDP人均国内生产总值afterLuxembourgtookthe13thplaceinthesurvey.Chinawasinthelowerhalfoftheleagueat60th. Tomeasurelifequalityiseasy.
Late-NightDrinking Coffeeloversbeware.Havingaquick"pick-me-up"cupofcoffeelateinthedaywillplayhavocwithyoursleep.Aswellasbeingastimulantcaffeineinterruptstheflowofmelatoninthebrainhormonethatsendspeopleintoasleep. Melatoninlevelsnormallystarttoriseabouttwohoursbeforebedtime.Levelsthenpeakbetween2amand4ambeforefallingagain."It’stheneurohormonethatcontrolsoursleepandtellsourbodywhentosleepandwhentowake"saysMauriceOhayonoftheStanfordSleepEpiderniologyResearchCenteratStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.ButresearchersinIsraelhavefoundthatcaffeinatedcoffeehalvesthebody’slevelsofthissleephormone. LotanShiloandateamattheSapirMedicalCenterinTelAvivUniversityfoundthatsixvolunteerssleptlesswellafteracupofcaffeinatedcoffeethanafterdrinkingthesameamountofdecalOnaveragesubjectsslept336minutespernightafterdrinkingcaffeinatedcoffeecomparedwith415minutesafterdecaf.Theyalsotookhaftanhourtodropoff--twiceaslongasusual--andjiggedaroundinbedtwiceasmuch. Inthesecondphaseoftheexperimenttheresearcherswokethevolunteerseverythreehoursandaskedthemtogiveaurinesample.Shilomeasuredconcentrationsofabreakdownproductofmelatonin.Theresultssuggestthatmelatoninconcentrationsincaffeinedrinkerswerehalfthoseindecafdrinkers.InapaperacceptedforpublicationinSleepMedicinetheresearcherssuggestthatcaffeineblocksproductionoftheenzymethatdrivesmelatoninproduction. BecauseitcantakemanyhourstoeliminatecaffeinefromthebodyOhayonrecommendsthatcoffeeloversswitchtodecafafterlunch. Theauthormentionspick-me-uptoindicatethat
Theoutcryagainstthegovernment’spolicieswillsubsideonlyifacompromiseisreachedintheassembly.
TheySayIreland’stheBest Irelandisthebestplaceintheworldtoliveinfor2005accordingtoalifequalityrankingthatappearedinBritain’sEconomistmagazinelastweek. Theambitiousattempttocomparehappinesslevelsaroundtheworldisbasedontheprinciplethatwealthisnottheonlymeasureofhumansatisfactionandwell-being. Theindexof111countriesusesdataonincomeshealthunemploymentclimatepoliticalstabilityjobsecuritygenderequalityaswellaswhatthemagazinecalls"freedomfamilyandcommunitylife". Despitethebadweathertroubledhealthservicetrafficcongestion拥挤genderinequalityandthehighcostofliving.Irelandscoredanimpressive8.33pointsoutof10. Thatputitwellaheadofsecond-placeSwitzerlandwhichmanaged8.07.Zimbabwetroubledbypoliticalinsecurityandhungerisratedthegloomiest最差的pickinguponly3.89points. "Althoughrisingincomesandincreasedindividualchoicesarehighlyvalued."thereportsaid"someofthefactorsassociatedwithmodernizationsuchasthebreakdown崩溃intraditionalinstitutionsandfamilyvaluesinparttakeawayfromapositiveimpact." "Irelandwinsbecauseitsuccessfullycombinesthemostdesirableelementsofthenewwiththepreservationofcertainwarmelementsoftheoldsuchasstablefamilyandcommunitylife". Themagazineadmittedmeasuringqualityoflifeisnotastraightforwardthingtodoandthatitsfindingswouldhavetheircritics. No.2onthelistisSwitzerland.Theothernationsinthetop10areNorwayLuxembourgSwedenAustraliaIcelandItalyDenmarkandSpain. TheUKispositionedatNo.29amuchlowerpositionchieflybecauseofthesocialandfamilybreakdownrecordedinofficialstatistics.TheUSwhichhasthesecondhighestpercapitaGDP人均国内生产总值afterLuxembourgtookthe13thplaceinthesurvey.Chinawasinthelowerhalfoftheleagueat60th. Jobsecurityistheleastimportantmeasureoflifequality.
{{*HTML*}}Semco??At21RicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather’sbusinessinBrazilSemcowhichsoldpartsforships．SemlerJuniorworkedlikeamadmanfrom7:30a.m.untilmidnighteveryday．OneafternoonwhiletouringafactoryinNewYorkhecollapsed．ThedoctorwhotreatedhimsaidThere’snothingwrongwithyou．Butifyoucontinuelikethis．you’llfindanewhomeinourhospital．Semlergotthemessage．Hechangedthewayheworked．Infacthechangedthewayhisemployeesworkedtoo．??Helethisworkerstakemoreresponsibilitysothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhenthingswentwrong．Heallowedthemtosettheirownsalariesandhecutallthejobshethoughtwereunnecessarylikereceptionistsandsecretaries．?46?EveryoneatSemco．eventopmanagersmeetsguestsinreceptiondoesthephotocopyingsendsfaxestypeslettersanddialsthephone．??HecompletelyreorganizedtheofficeinsteadofwallstheyhaveplantsatSemcosobossescan’tshutthemselvesawayfromeveryoneelse．?47?AsforuniformssomepeoplewearsuitsandotherswearT-shirts．??SemlersaysWehaveasalesmanagernamedRubinAgaterwhositstherereadingthenewspaperhourafterhour．Hedoesn’tevenpretendtobebusy．ButwhenaSemcopumpontheothersideoftheworldfailsandmillionsofgallonsofoilareabouttospillintotheseaRubinspringsintoaction．?48?That’swhenheearnshissalary．Noonecaresifhedoesn’tlookbusytherestofthetime．??Semcohasflexibleworkinghourstheemployeesdecidewhentheyneedtoarriveatwork．Theemployeesalsoevaluatetheirbossestwiceayear．?49???Itsoundsperfectbutdoesitwork?TheanswerisinthenumbersinthelastsixyearsSemco’srevenueshavegonefrom$35millionto$212million．Thecompanyhasgrownfromeighthundredemployeesto3000．Why???Semlersaysit’sbecauseofpeerpressure．Peerpressuremakeseveryoneworkhardforeveryoneelse．?50?InotherwordsRicardoSemlertreatshisworkerslikeadultsandexpectsthemtoactlikeadults．Andtheydo．??A．AlsoSemcoletsitsworkersusethecompany’smachinesfortheirownprojectsandmakesthemtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysayear．??B．Mostmanagersspendtheirtimemakingitdifficultforworkerstowork．??C．Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany．??D．Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant．??E．Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhowtofixthem．??F．Ifsomeoneisn’tdoinghisjobwelltheotherworkerswillnotallowthesituationtocontinue．
Therearetwogreatmysteriesaboutthebeach.Oneiswhyhumanbeingsflocktherebythousandsonlytoprostrate俯卧themselvesindensepacksofglisteningflesh.Theotheriswhythesandgoesthere.Strangeasitseemsoceanographershaveneverreallyunderstoodwhysandpilesupontheshore.NowDouglasInmanandDanielConleythinktheyhavesolvedthepuzzle. Thepuzzlehadtodowithwaves.Thoughitmightseemintuitivethatwavescarrywatertoshoreandsandalongwithitit’snotthatsimple.Thecrest浪尖ofapassingwaveliftsagivenhitofwaterupwardandlandwardbuttheensuingtrough波谷pushesthewaterbackdownandOuttosea.Nearthebottomtherethesandisthewaterwasalwaysassumedtojustslidebackandforth—andthesandwithit."Ifyoutakeaveryalooflookatabeach"saysInman"you’llrealizethatifthetwomotionsmovesandbackandforththesameamountthenallthesandshouldendupindeepwater.’ Soforbeachestoexistthecrest’sonshoreflowmustsomehowmoveenoughsandupthebeachtocountertheseawardtugofboththetroughandgravity.ThepressurechangesinthesandbedInmanandConleythinkarethekeytobeachcreation.Theyfoundthatsanddoesn’tjustslidebackandforthwitheachpassingwave.Underatroughitdoesslideseawardinathinlayerjustabovethebottom.Butunderacrestitsmovementisoftenmoreelaborate.Thehigherpressureunderacrest—higherbecausethewaterispiledhigher—forceswaterintotheporous多孔的sand.Thiscreatesstrongwhirlpoolsjustabovethesandwhichhelploosenit.Asthecrestpassesoverheadthesandfirstrushesacrossthebottom;thenitabruptlyturnsviolentliftingoffthebottominlargeboilingbunches.Finallyjustafterthecrestpassesthesandexplodesupintothegreatwatercolumn.Theboilingandrushingmovemoresandthanthebackslidingunderatroughsothere’sanetmovementofsandtowardtheshore. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage
TransportationuseatoBeMuch SlowerthanItIsNow Formanyyearsintiledesertcamelsusedtobetheonlyformoftransportation.Beforethe51ofmoderntrainscameltrainsusedtocarryal!thegoodsfortradingbetweenCentralAfricaandEurope.Traderssometimes52toputtogethercameltrainswith10000to15000animals.Eachanimaloftencarried53400poundsanditcouldtraveltwentymilesaday.Thisformoftransportationwassoimportant54camelswerecalledthe"shipofthedesert". Nowmoderntrainstravelacrossthedesertinavery55time.Oneenginecanpullasmuchweightas13500056inadditiontrainsusespecialcarsfortheirload.Refrigeratorcarscarryfood;boxcarscarryheavygoods;stockcarscarryanimals;andtankcarscarryoil. 57travelhaschangedtoo.Theearliestplaneswerebiplaneswithtwosetsofwings.Thetopspeedofthisplanewas60milesperhour.Thepilotsusedtositorlieonthewingsintheopenair.Theplane58sometimesstoppedinthemiddleofatrip.Itusedtobe59toflyinbadweather.Insnoworinrainthewingsfrequentlybecameicy.60theplanemightgodown. MechanicalimprovementsduringtheFirstWorldWarchangedairplanes.Monoplanestooktheplaceofbiplanes.Pilotsflewinsideofcoveredcabins.Stilleventheseplanesweresmallandexpensive.Only61peoplewereabletotravelinairplanes. Nowmodernjetsmakeairtravelpossibleforallpeople.62placeintheworldismorethan1hoursawaybyjet.Furtherimprovementshave63thecostofflyingandtheyhavemadeairtravelmuchsaferthanitusedtobe.Amodern707cancarry170peopleandcanflyat600milesperhour.People64usedtoeatsleeporwatchmoviesonairplanes.65thesethingsareanormalpartofairtravel! 52
Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.
{{*HTML*}}Semco??At21RicardoSemlerbecamebossofhisfather’sbusinessinBrazilSemcowhichsoldpartsforships．SemlerJuniorworkedlikeamadmanfrom7:30a.m.untilmidnighteveryday．OneafternoonwhiletouringafactoryinNewYorkhecollapsed．ThedoctorwhotreatedhimsaidThere’snothingwrongwithyou．Butifyoucontinuelikethis．you’llfindanewhomeinourhospital．Semlergotthemessage．Hechangedthewayheworked．Infacthechangedthewayhisemployeesworkedtoo．??Helethisworkerstakemoreresponsibilitysothattheywouldbetheonesworryingwhenthingswentwrong．Heallowedthemtosettheirownsalariesandhecutallthejobshethoughtwereunnecessarylikereceptionistsandsecretaries．?46?EveryoneatSemco．eventopmanagersmeetsguestsinreceptiondoesthephotocopyingsendsfaxestypeslettersanddialsthephone．??HecompletelyreorganizedtheofficeinsteadofwallstheyhaveplantsatSemcosobossescan’tshutthemselvesawayfromeveryoneelse．?47?AsforuniformssomepeoplewearsuitsandotherswearT-shirts．??SemlersaysWehaveasalesmanagernamedRubinAgaterwhositstherereadingthenewspaperhourafterhour．Hedoesn’tevenpretendtobebusy．ButwhenaSemcopumpontheothersideoftheworldfailsandmillionsofgallonsofoilareabouttospillintotheseaRubinspringsintoaction．?48?That’swhenheearnshissalary．Noonecaresifhedoesn’tlookbusytherestofthetime．??Semcohasflexibleworkinghourstheemployeesdecidewhentheyneedtoarriveatwork．Theemployeesalsoevaluatetheirbossestwiceayear．?49???Itsoundsperfectbutdoesitwork?TheanswerisinthenumbersinthelastsixyearsSemco’srevenueshavegonefrom$35millionto$212million．Thecompanyhasgrownfromeighthundredemployeesto3000．Why???Semlersaysit’sbecauseofpeerpressure．Peerpressuremakeseveryoneworkhardforeveryoneelse．?50?InotherwordsRicardoSemlertreatshisworkerslikeadultsandexpectsthemtoactlikeadults．Andtheydo．??A．AlsoSemcoletsitsworkersusethecompany’smachinesfortheirownprojectsandmakesthemtakeholidaysforatleastthirtydaysayear．??B．Mostmanagersspendtheirtimemakingitdifficultforworkerstowork．??C．Thissavedmoneyandbroughtmoreequalitytothecompany．??D．Andtheworkersarefreetodecoratetheirworkspaceastheywant．??E．Heknowseverythingthereistoknowaboutourpumpsandhowtofixthem．??F．Ifsomeoneisn’tdoinghisjobwelltheotherworkerswillnotallowthesituationtocontinue．
AshehadalreadybeenaccustomedtolivinginthecountrysideJacksonrefusedtomovetothecity.
{{*HTML*}}Everyyearthousandsofgreywhalesmakethelongestmigrationofanyanimaltraveling7000mileseachwaybetweentheArcticandBajaCalifornia.ThegreywhalesspendthelongsummerdaysintheirArcticfeedinggroundsintheBeringSeabetweenAlaskaandRussia.Unlikeafishthewhaleiswarm-bloodedandmustthereforemaintainarelativelyhighinternalbodytemperature.InthecoldArcticwatersthegreywhaleisprotectedbyanouterlayerofblubberwhichaveragessixinchesinthickness.OtherwhalessuchastheGreenlandNightwhalehavebeenfoundwithatwo-footthicklayerofblubbercoveringtheirbodies.2.??DuringthesesummermonthsintheArcticthegreywhalesfattenthemselvesbyconsumingenormousquantitiesofsmallshrimp-likeanimalscalledamphipods.RecentobservationsofayounggreywhaleGigiⅡheldincaptivityatSeaWorldinSanDiegoduring1971and1972suggestthatthegreywhalefeedsbysweepingitsenormousheadoverthebottom.Theamphipodsonwhichitfeedsareeitherstirredoffthebottomorleapoffthebottomtoescape.Theseanimalsandthesurroundingwateraresuckedintothewhale’smouth.Asthewaterisexpelledfromthemouthitpassesthroughcoarsebaleenfibres.Thesmallanimalsaretrappedandswallowed.3.??InOctoberasthedaysgetshorterandicebeginstoformovertheArcticfeedinggroundstheCaliforniagreywhalebeginsitslongjourneysouthtothewarmwatersofBajaCalifornia.Duringthisthree-monthlongtripthewhalestravellingingroupsstayclosetotheshoreofNorthAmericaswimmingbothdayandnightandaveragingabut100milesperday.4??Duringthetripsouththegreywhalesthataresexuallymatureatleastthreeyearsoldandnotpregnantalreadyformmatinggroups.Thesegroupsarecomposedofthreewhalestwomalesandafemale.Thedominantmalecoupleswiththefemalewhilethesecondmaleiskeptbusypositioningthetwowhalesontheirsidesfacingeachotherandkeepingthemtogetherduringthesexact.Thisisnosmalljobsinceeachwhalecanbefiftyfeetlongandweighfortytons.5.??DuringDecemberandJanuarythegreywhalesarriveatthewarmlagoonsalongthecoastofBajaCalifornia.Thewhalesswimmilesinlandalongnarrowshallowchannels.ThesechannelsarethebreedinggroundsoftheCaliforniagreywhale.Thecalfhasbeengestatinginthepregnantfemaleforthelastthirteenmonthsthatissinceherlastjourneysouth.Theexpectantcowisaidedinthebirthofthecalfbyanotherfemalethatactsasamidwife.Atbirththecalfsinkstowardtheseafloor.Beingamammalthewhalemustbreatheatthesurface.Themidwifeguidesthebabywhaletothesurfaceforitsfirstgulpofair.Thecalfthenfindsitsmother’snipplesandrichwhalemilkisforcedintoitsmouth.Duringthenexttwomonthsthecalfwillgrowtwentyfeetanddoubleitsweight.6.??InMarchthewhalesbegintheirlongjourneynorthtotheArctic.Thenewly-pregnantfemalesleavefirstfollowingbythemalesandimmaturefemales.ThelasttoleavethewarmwatersofBajaarethefemalesandtheircalves.ThewhalesarriveattheirArcticfeedinggroundinJune.Manyscientistsbelievethatduringthisentireeightmonthlong14000milejourneytheCaliforniagreywhaledoesnotfeedatall!Paragraph3______
TransportationuseatoBeMuch SlowerthanItIsNow Formanyyearsintiledesertcamelsusedtobetheonlyformoftransportation.Beforethe51ofmoderntrainscameltrainsusedtocarryal!thegoodsfortradingbetweenCentralAfricaandEurope.Traderssometimes52toputtogethercameltrainswith10000to15000animals.Eachanimaloftencarried53400poundsanditcouldtraveltwentymilesaday.Thisformoftransportationwassoimportant54camelswerecalledthe"shipofthedesert". Nowmoderntrainstravelacrossthedesertinavery55time.Oneenginecanpullasmuchweightas13500056inadditiontrainsusespecialcarsfortheirload.Refrigeratorcarscarryfood;boxcarscarryheavygoods;stockcarscarryanimals;andtankcarscarryoil. 57travelhaschangedtoo.Theearliestplaneswerebiplaneswithtwosetsofwings.Thetopspeedofthisplanewas60milesperhour.Thepilotsusedtositorlieonthewingsintheopenair.Theplane58sometimesstoppedinthemiddleofatrip.Itusedtobe59toflyinbadweather.Insnoworinrainthewingsfrequentlybecameicy.60theplanemightgodown. MechanicalimprovementsduringtheFirstWorldWarchangedairplanes.Monoplanestooktheplaceofbiplanes.Pilotsflewinsideofcoveredcabins.Stilleventheseplanesweresmallandexpensive.Only61peoplewereabletotravelinairplanes. Nowmodernjetsmakeairtravelpossibleforallpeople.62placeintheworldismorethan1hoursawaybyjet.Furtherimprovementshave63thecostofflyingandtheyhavemadeairtravelmuchsaferthanitusedtobe.Amodern707cancarry170peopleandcanflyat600milesperhour.People64usedtoeatsleeporwatchmoviesonairplanes.65thesethingsareanormalpartofairtravel! 60
Thecylindricalshapeofacactusreducesmoistureloss.
SleeplessatNight Itwasanormalsummernight.Humidity湿气hunginthethickair. Icouldn’tgotosleeppartlybecauseofmycoldandpartlybecauseofmyexpectationsforthenextday.Mymumhadsaidthattomorrow-wasgoingtobeasurprise. Sweatstucktomyachingbody.FinallyIgatheredenoughstrengthtositup.Ilookedoutofmysmallwindowintothenight.Therewasabigbrightmoonhangingintheskygivingoffamagiclight. Icouldn’tstandthepressureanymoreSoIdidwhatIalwaysdotomakemyselffeelbetter.Iwenttothebathroomandpickedupmytoothbrushandtoothpaste.Icleanedmyteethasiftherewasnotomorrow-.Backandforthupanddown. ThenIwalkeddownstairstolookforsomesignsofmovementsomelife.Gladiatormycatfrightenedmeashemeowed喵喵地唱出hissadsong.HewasontheOldorangecouch长沙发sittinguponhisfrontlegswaitingforsomethingtohappen.Helookedatmeasiftos "I’mlonelypetme.Ineedagoodhug紧抱."Eventhecouchbeggedmetositonit. InonemovementIsettleddownontothesoftcouch.Thiscouchrepresentedmyparents’marriagemybirthandhundredsofotherlittleevents. AsIheldGladiatormyheartstartedbeatingheavily.Mymindwasfloodedwithquestions:What’slifeAmIreallyaliveAreyoulisteningtomeEverytimeImovedmyhanddownGladiator’sbodyIhadanew-thought;eachtouchsangadifferentsong. Iforgetallabouttheheatandthenextday’ssurprise.TheatmospherewassofullofwarmthandsilencethatIsankintoitsalms.Fallingasleepwiththebigcatinmyarms.Ifeltallmyworriesslowlymoveaway. Theauthorbrushedhisteethoverandover.
{{*HTML*}}Everyyearthousandsofgreywhalesmakethelongestmigrationofanyanimaltraveling7000mileseachwaybetweentheArcticandBajaCalifornia.ThegreywhalesspendthelongsummerdaysintheirArcticfeedinggroundsintheBeringSeabetweenAlaskaandRussia.Unlikeafishthewhaleiswarm-bloodedandmustthereforemaintainarelativelyhighinternalbodytemperature.InthecoldArcticwatersthegreywhaleisprotectedbyanouterlayerofblubberwhichaveragessixinchesinthickness.OtherwhalessuchastheGreenlandNightwhalehavebeenfoundwithatwo-footthicklayerofblubbercoveringtheirbodies.2.??DuringthesesummermonthsintheArcticthegreywhalesfattenthemselvesbyconsumingenormousquantitiesofsmallshrimp-likeanimalscalledamphipods.RecentobservationsofayounggreywhaleGigiⅡheldincaptivityatSeaWorldinSanDiegoduring1971and1972suggestthatthegreywhalefeedsbysweepingitsenormousheadoverthebottom.Theamphipodsonwhichitfeedsareeitherstirredoffthebottomorleapoffthebottomtoescape.Theseanimalsandthesurroundingwateraresuckedintothewhale’smouth.Asthewaterisexpelledfromthemouthitpassesthroughcoarsebaleenfibres.Thesmallanimalsaretrappedandswallowed.3.??InOctoberasthedaysgetshorterandicebeginstoformovertheArcticfeedinggroundstheCaliforniagreywhalebeginsitslongjourneysouthtothewarmwatersofBajaCalifornia.Duringthisthree-monthlongtripthewhalestravellingingroupsstayclosetotheshoreofNorthAmericaswimmingbothdayandnightandaveragingabut100milesperday.4??Duringthetripsouththegreywhalesthataresexuallymatureatleastthreeyearsoldandnotpregnantalreadyformmatinggroups.Thesegroupsarecomposedofthreewhalestwomalesandafemale.Thedominantmalecoupleswiththefemalewhilethesecondmaleiskeptbusypositioningthetwowhalesontheirsidesfacingeachotherandkeepingthemtogetherduringthesexact.Thisisnosmalljobsinceeachwhalecanbefiftyfeetlongandweighfortytons.5.??DuringDecemberandJanuarythegreywhalesarriveatthewarmlagoonsalongthecoastofBajaCalifornia.Thewhalesswimmilesinlandalongnarrowshallowchannels.ThesechannelsarethebreedinggroundsoftheCaliforniagreywhale.Thecalfhasbeengestatinginthepregnantfemaleforthelastthirteenmonthsthatissinceherlastjourneysouth.Theexpectantcowisaidedinthebirthofthecalfbyanotherfemalethatactsasamidwife.Atbirththecalfsinkstowardtheseafloor.Beingamammalthewhalemustbreatheatthesurface.Themidwifeguidesthebabywhaletothesurfaceforitsfirstgulpofair.Thecalfthenfindsitsmother’snipplesandrichwhalemilkisforcedintoitsmouth.Duringthenexttwomonthsthecalfwillgrowtwentyfeetanddoubleitsweight.6.??InMarchthewhalesbegintheirlongjourneynorthtotheArctic.Thenewly-pregnantfemalesleavefirstfollowingbythemalesandimmaturefemales.ThelasttoleavethewarmwatersofBajaarethefemalesandtheircalves.ThewhalesarriveattheirArcticfeedinggroundinJune.Manyscientistsbelievethatduringthisentireeightmonthlong14000milejourneytheCaliforniagreywhaledoesnotfeedatall!Paragraph5______
SleeplessatNight Itwasanormalsummernight.Humidity湿气hunginthethickair. Icouldn’tgotosleeppartlybecauseofmycoldandpartlybecauseofmyexpectationsforthenextday.Mymumhadsaidthattomorrow-wasgoingtobeasurprise. Sweatstucktomyachingbody.FinallyIgatheredenoughstrengthtositup.Ilookedoutofmysmallwindowintothenight.Therewasabigbrightmoonhangingintheskygivingoffamagiclight. Icouldn’tstandthepressureanymoreSoIdidwhatIalwaysdotomakemyselffeelbetter.Iwenttothebathroomandpickedupmytoothbrushandtoothpaste.Icleanedmyteethasiftherewasnotomorrow-.Backandforthupanddown. ThenIwalkeddownstairstolookforsomesignsofmovementsomelife.Gladiatormycatfrightenedmeashemeowed喵喵地唱出hissadsong.HewasontheOldorangecouch长沙发sittinguponhisfrontlegswaitingforsomethingtohappen.Helookedatmeasiftos "I’mlonelypetme.Ineedagoodhug紧抱."Eventhecouchbeggedmetositonit. InonemovementIsettleddownontothesoftcouch.Thiscouchrepresentedmyparents’marriagemybirthandhundredsofotherlittleevents. AsIheldGladiatormyheartstartedbeatingheavily.Mymindwasfloodedwithquestions:What’slifeAmIreallyaliveAreyoulisteningtomeEverytimeImovedmyhanddownGladiator’sbodyIhadanew-thought;eachtouchsangadifferentsong. Iforgetallabouttheheatandthenextday’ssurprise.TheatmospherewassofullofwarmthandsilencethatIsankintoitsalms.Fallingasleepwiththebigcatinmyarms.Ifeltallmyworriesslowlymoveaway. Theauthorcouldnotgotosleeppartlybecause.
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