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3. Will Anyone Watch 3-D TV Mark the calendar: 2010 might be the year that TV’s final frontier gets...
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WhateverHappenstoOldComputers Youhavejustgotanewcomputerandyouaredelightedwithit.Itisdoingeverythingyouwantedyournewcomputertodo.ButwhatareyougoingtodowithyouroldcomputerHaveyoueverwonderedwhatotherpeopledowiththeiroldcomputersInthepasttheyhaveoftenpaidhighpricesfortheiroldcomputersbuthowmuchdoyouthinkthesecomputersareworthnowFewpeoplewanttobuyacomputerthathasbecomeoutofdateorhasbeenreplacedbyanewermodel.Unfortunatelytheonlythingyoucandowithacomputerthatyouhavehadforfiveorsixyearsistothrowitawaywithyourothergarbage! WhatdomanypeopledowhentheytrytoselltheiroldcomputersFoolishlytheytakeintoaccountitsoriginalcostandthenreducethepriceaccordingtotheageofthecomputerratherlikeasecond-handcar.Theyarewrong.Theyforgetthatnewcomputersarebecomingcheapereverydaymakingoldcomputersalmostworthless.In1985forexampleagoodcomputercostoverUS$4000.Tenyearslateritsownerwouldbeluckytoget$400.Althougholdcomputersarestillmoreusefulthanoldtypewritersyoumustbecarefulaboutbuyingasecond-handcomputer.Themicrochipsinacomputermaylastalongtimebuttheharddiskwillnot.Itwillprobablycostmoretoreplacetheharddiskwithanewonethanthecomputeritselfisworth.Moreoverreplacingtheoldprocessorinacomputerissimplynotworththetroubleasitwillprobablybeincapableofrunningnewersoftware.Ultimatelysavingandrepairinganoldcomputerislikebuildingacarfromspareparts.Itisfarcheapertobuyanewcar. Onewell-knowncomputermagazinerecentlycompiledalistoftenthingstodowithanoldcomputer.Onesuggestionwastodonateittocharityorgiveitasoneofthesmallprizesinacompetition.Thefinalsuggestionwastostoreitinasafeplaceandhopethatitwouldbecomeacollector’siteminfifteenortwentyyearsthoughthearticleinthemagazineadmittedthatinfifteenortwentyyearstheremaybesomanyoldcomputersthattheywillallbeworthless. Whateveryoudecidetodowithanoldcomputerwillnotalterthefactthatitwillbeuselessasapieceoftechnologyinseveralyears.TheworldofcomputersisquicklychangingandeventuallyallcomputerswillnotonlybeintegratedwithvideotelephoneandrunCD-ROMdisksbutwillalsobeabletoperformacountlessnumberoftaskswhichasyetwecannotevenimagine.Alltheseuseswillrequiremuchmoreadvancedandpowerfulmachinesthatwillautomaticallycondemneventhemostadvancedcomputertodaytothegarbagecanofthetwentiethcentury. Theauthorarguesthatthemostadvancedcomputertoday.
WhateverHappenstoOldComputers Youhavejustgotanewcomputerandyouaredelightedwithit.Itisdoingeverythingyouwantedyournewcomputertodo.ButwhatareyougoingtodowithyouroldcomputerHaveyoueverwonderedwhatotherpeopledowiththeiroldcomputersInthepasttheyhaveoftenpaidhighpricesfortheiroldcomputersbuthowmuchdoyouthinkthesecomputersareworthnowFewpeoplewanttobuyacomputerthathasbecomeoutofdateorhasbeenreplacedbyanewermodel.Unfortunatelytheonlythingyoucandowithacomputerthatyouhavehadforfiveorsixyearsistothrowitawaywithyourothergarbage! WhatdomanypeopledowhentheytrytoselltheiroldcomputersFoolishlytheytakeintoaccountitsoriginalcostandthenreducethepriceaccordingtotheageofthecomputerratherlikeasecond-handcar.Theyarewrong.Theyforgetthatnewcomputersarebecomingcheapereverydaymakingoldcomputersalmostworthless.In1985forexampleagoodcomputercostoverUS$4000.Tenyearslateritsownerwouldbeluckytoget$400.Althougholdcomputersarestillmoreusefulthanoldtypewritersyoumustbecarefulaboutbuyingasecond-handcomputer.Themicrochipsinacomputermaylastalongtimebuttheharddiskwillnot.Itwillprobablycostmoretoreplacetheharddiskwithanewonethanthecomputeritselfisworth.Moreoverreplacingtheoldprocessorinacomputerissimplynotworththetroubleasitwillprobablybeincapableofrunningnewersoftware.Ultimatelysavingandrepairinganoldcomputerislikebuildingacarfromspareparts.Itisfarcheapertobuyanewcar. Onewell-knowncomputermagazinerecentlycompiledalistoftenthingstodowithanoldcomputer.Onesuggestionwastodonateittocharityorgiveitasoneofthesmallprizesinacompetition.Thefinalsuggestionwastostoreitinasafeplaceandhopethatitwouldbecomeacollector’siteminfifteenortwentyyearsthoughthearticleinthemagazineadmittedthatinfifteenortwentyyearstheremaybesomanyoldcomputersthattheywillallbeworthless. Whateveryoudecidetodowithanoldcomputerwillnotalterthefactthatitwillbeuselessasapieceoftechnologyinseveralyears.TheworldofcomputersisquicklychangingandeventuallyallcomputerswillnotonlybeintegratedwithvideotelephoneandrunCD-ROMdisksbutwillalsobeabletoperformacountlessnumberoftaskswhichasyetwecannotevenimagine.Alltheseuseswillrequiremuchmoreadvancedandpowerfulmachinesthatwillautomaticallycondemneventhemostadvancedcomputertodaytothegarbagecanofthetwentiethcentury. Accordingtothepassageifacomputerisoldyou’dbetter.
{{*HTML*}}TheSupercomputerNetwork1?Recentlytenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycantalktoeachother.ThismaynotseemverydramaticnewsbutitIsthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillIncreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously.2?TheInternetIsanInterconnected互联systemofnetworksthatconnectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.ThewaythatyouusetheInternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload下载fileshowmuchdatayoucanstoreetc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslowaccessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.3?Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalledthegrid网格技术anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether.ThegridwillworkinadifferentwayfromtheInternetenablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformationyouwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.4?Oneadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.Thegridwilldecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant.ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.5?Thegridcanbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.Youcangiveyourassistantataskandhewilldoitforyou.Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearchcollectthedatacomparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthegridthathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Allyouhavetodoisassignthetasksitbackandwait.6?AtpresentpossibleapplicationsofthegridinscientificresearcharebeingexploredWhileIthastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespreadexpertsbelievethatthegridcouldbeupandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworkingongridprojectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.ItIsbelievedthatthewidespreaduseofthegridwillbecomepossibleinthenext______.
{{*HTML*}}TheSupercomputerNetwork1?Recentlytenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycantalktoeachother.ThismaynotseemverydramaticnewsbutitIsthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillIncreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously.2?TheInternetIsanInterconnected互联systemofnetworksthatconnectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.ThewaythatyouusetheInternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload下载fileshowmuchdatayoucanstoreetc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslowaccessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.3?Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalledthegrid网格技术anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether.ThegridwillworkinadifferentwayfromtheInternetenablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformationyouwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.4?Oneadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.Thegridwilldecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant.ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.5?Thegridcanbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.Youcangiveyourassistantataskandhewilldoitforyou.Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearchcollectthedatacomparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthegridthathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Allyouhavetodoisassignthetasksitbackandwait.6?AtpresentpossibleapplicationsofthegridinscientificresearcharebeingexploredWhileIthastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespreadexpertsbelievethatthegridcouldbeupandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworkingongridprojectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.{{*HTML*}}Paragraph5______AthebiggercomputerstationsBtheadvantageCtenyearsDinformationEyourpersonalassistantFfifteenyears
ATaleofScottishRuralLife LewisGrassicGibbon’sSunsetSong1932wasvoted"thebestScottishnovelofalltime"byScotland’sreadingpublicin2005.OnceconsideredshockingforitsfrankdescriptionofaspectsofthelivesofScotland’spoorruralfarmersithasbeenadaptedforstagefilmTVandradioinrecentdecades. ThenovelissetonthefictionalestateofKinraddieinthefarmingcountryoftheScottishnorthwestintheyearsuptoandbeyondWorldWart.AtitsheartisthestoryofChriswhoisbothpartofthecommunityandalittleoutsideit. GrassicGibbongivesusthemostdetailedandintimateaccountofthelifeofhisheroine女主人公.Wewatchhergrowthroughachildhooddominatedbyhercruelbuthard-workingfather;experiencetragedyhermother’ssuicideandmurderofhertwinchildrenandlearnaboutherfeelingsasshegrowsintoawoman.Weseehermarryloseherhusbandthenmarryagain.Chrishasseemedsoconvincingafiguretosomefemalereadersthattheycannotbelievethatsheisthecreationofaman. ButitwouldbemisleadingtosuggestthatthisbookisjustaboutChris.Itistrulyanovelofaplaceanditspeople.ItsopeningsectiontellsofKinraddie’slonghistoryinalanguagethatimitatestheplace’schangingpatternsofspeechandwriting. Thestoryitselfisamazinglyfullofcharactersandincidents.Itistoldfrom’Chris’pointofviewbutalsofromthatofthegossipingcommunityacommunitywhereeverybodyknowseverybodyelss’sbusinessandnothingiseverforgotten; SunsetSonghasasocialthemetoo.ItisconcernedwithwhatGrassicGibbonperceivesasthedestructionoftraditionalScottishrurallifefirstbymodernizationandthenbyWorldWarI.Gibbontriedhardtoshowhowcertaincharactersresistthewar.Despitethisthewartakestheyoungmenawayanumberofthemtotheirdeaths.InparticularittakesawayChris’husbandEwanTavendale.ThewarfinallykillsEwanbutnotinthewayhiswidowistold.InfacttheGermansaren’tresponsibleforhisdeathbuthisownside.Heisshotbecauseheissaidtohaverunawayfromabattle. IfthenovelisabouttheendofonewayoflifeitalsolooksaheadItisa"SunsetSong"butisconcernedtoowiththenewKinraddieindeedofthenewEuropeanworld.GrassicGibbonwentontopublishtwoothernovelsabouttheplacethatcontinueitsstory. WhokilledChris’husbandEwan
{{*HTML*}}TheSupercomputerNetwork1?Recentlytenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycantalktoeachother.ThismaynotseemverydramaticnewsbutitIsthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillIncreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously.2?TheInternetIsanInterconnected互联systemofnetworksthatconnectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.ThewaythatyouusetheInternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload下载fileshowmuchdatayoucanstoreetc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslowaccessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.3?Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalledthegrid网格技术anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether.ThegridwillworkinadifferentwayfromtheInternetenablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformationyouwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.4?Oneadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.Thegridwilldecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant.ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.5?Thegridcanbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.Youcangiveyourassistantataskandhewilldoitforyou.Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearchcollectthedatacomparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthegridthathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Allyouhavetodoisassignthetasksitbackandwait.6?AtpresentpossibleapplicationsofthegridinscientificresearcharebeingexploredWhileIthastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespreadexpertsbelievethatthegridcouldbeupandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworkingongridprojectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.Paragraph3______
{{*HTML*}}RuiningtheRuins??Acidrain酸雨isnowafamiliarproblemintheindustrializedcountriesinEurope.Harmfulgasesareproducedbypowerstationsandcars.Theydissolveinrainwaterandthismakesacidrainwhichdamagestreesriversandstreams.??Acidrainisalsocapableofdissolvingsomerocksandbuildingsmadeofsoftrocksuchaslimestone石灰石areparticularlybadlyaffected.Theacidrainattackstherockandsocarvingsandstatuesareeroded受腐蚀morequickly.???46?AccordingtoareportintheNewScientistacidrainisbeingblamedfortherapiddecayofancientruinsinMexico.TheoldlimestonebuildingsinplaceslikeChichenItzaTulumandPalenquearewearingawayveryquicklyindeed.ThesesitesaretheremainsofthebuildingsbuiltbytheMayasbetween250BCandAD900andthespectacularruinsofMayancivilizationarevisitedbythousandsoftouristseveryyear.??Butthoseruinsareindangerofbeingseriouslydamagedbypollution.Atmanysitesthestonehasbeencoveredwithalayerofblacksubstance.?47???Scientistsestimatethataboutonemillimeterofstoneiswornawayeverytwelveyears.?48?TheacidrainissaidtobecausedbypollutionfromoilwellsintheGulfofMexico.Carexhaustgasesarealsoaproblem.Localvolcaniceruptionsmaketheproblemevenworse.Neverthelesswithenoughmoneyandeffortresearcherssaythatmanyoftheproblemscouldbesolvedandtherateoferosionreduced.?49???Mexico’scurrentlackoffundsisalsopartlyduetooil.ThecountryhasrichoilfieldsandafewyearsagowhenoilwasexpensiveMexicowassellinglargequantitiesofoiltotheUSA．andearningalotofmoney.?50?HoweverthepriceofoilthendroppedandMexicohasbeenleftowingenormoussumsofmoneyandwithnotenoughincomefromoilsalestopaybacktheloans.SounlessthepriceofoilrisesitisunlikelythatMexicowillbeabletoaffordtocleanupthepollutionandsaveitsMayanruinsfromdestruction.??A．Atothersthepaintedsurfacesinsidetemplesareliftingandflakingoff剥落andthestoneisbeingeatenaway.??B．Thatisenoughtohavecausedsomeoftheancientcarvingstobecomeseriouslydamagedalready.??C．Thesemeasureswouldreducethepollutionbutwouldnotstopitcompletely.??D．Thegovernmentwasthereforeabletoborrowhugesumsofmoneyfrombanksaroundtheworldthinkingtheywouldhavenoproblemrepayingtheirdebts.??E．TheproblemhoweverisnotjustaEuropeanone.??F．HowevertheMexicangovernmentdoesnothaveenoughmoneytodotheworkandneedstospendwhatmoneyithasontheMexicanpeople.
LivingwithComputerThephrasecomingbackoutofthecaveinthefifthparagraphmeansA．comingbackhome.B．givingupthepresentjob.C．livingaluxuriouslife.D．restoringrealhumancontact.
TVGamesShows Oneofthemostfascinatingthingsabouttelevisionisthesizeoftheaudience.Anovelcanbeonthe"bestsellers"listwithasaleoffewerthan100000copiesbutapopularTVshowmighthave70millionTVviewers.TVcanmakeanythingoranyonewellknownovernight. Thisistheprinciplebehind"quiz"or"game"showswhichputordinarypeopleonTVtoplayagamefortheprizeandmoney.Aquizshowcanmakeanyoneastaranditcangiveawaythousandsofdollarsjustforfun.Butallofthismoneycancreateproblems.Forinstanceinthe1950squizshowswereverypopularintheU.S.andalmosteveryonewatchedthem.CharlesVanDorenanEnglishinstructorbecamerichandfamousafterwinningmoneyonseveralshows.Heevenhadacareerasatelevisionpersonality.ButoneofthelosersprovedthatCharlesVanDorenwascheating.Itturnedoutthattheshow’sproducerswhowerepullingthestringsgavetheanswerstothemostpopularcontestantsbeforehand.WhyBecauseiftheaudiencedidn’tlikethepersonwhowonthegametheyturnedtheshowoff.BasedonhisstoryamovieunderthetitleQuizShowison40yearslater. CharlesVanDorenisnolongerinvolvedwithTV.Butgameshowsarestillherethoughtheyaren’ttakenasseriously.Infactsomeofthemtrytobeasridiculousaspossible.Thereareshowsthatsendstrangersonvacationtripstogetherorthattrytocausenewly-marriedcouplestofightonTVorthatpunishlosersbyhumiliatingthem.TheentertainmentnowistoseewhatpeoplewilldojusttobeonTV.Peoplestillwinmoneybuttherealprizeistobeinfrontofanaudienceofmillions. Winnersofpresent-dayTVshowsnolongergetmoneyfromtheshows.
TheBodyClockWhyisitthatflyingtoNewYorkfromLondonwillleaveyoufeelinglesstiredthanflyingtoLondonfromNewYorkTheanswermaybeaclearcaseofbiologynotbeingabletokeepupwithtechnology.Deepinsidethebrainthereisaclockthatgovernseveryaspectofthebody’sfunctioning:sleepandwakecycleslevelsofalertnessperformancemoodhormonelevelsdigestionbodytemperatureandsoon.Itregulatesallofthesefunctionsona24-hourbasisandiscalledthebiologicalclock.Thisbodyclockprogrammesustobesleepytwiceadaybetween3-5amandagainbetween3-5pm.Afternoonteaandnapareallculturalresponsestoournaturalbiologicalsleepinessintheafternoon.Oneofthemajorcausesofthetravellers’maladyknownasjetlagisthenon-alignmentofaperson’sinternalbodyclockwithclocksintheexternalworld.Crossingdifferenttimezonesconfusesthebiologicalclockwhichthenhastoadjusttothenewtimeandpatternsoflightandactivity.Tomakemattersmorecomplexnotallinternalbodyfunctionsadjustatthesamerate.Soyoursleep/wakemayadjusttoanewtimezoneatoneratewhileyourtemperatureadjustsatadifferentpace.Yourdigestionmaybeonadifferentschedulealtogether.Thoughweliveina24-hourdaythenaturaltendencyofthebodyclockistoextendourdaybeyond24hours.Itiscontrarytoourbiologicalprogrammingtoshrinkourday’.Thatiswhytravelinginawestwarddirectionismorebody-clockfriendlythanflyingeast.NASAstudiesoflonghaulpilotsshowedthatwestwardtravelwasassociatedwithsignificantlybettersleepquantityandqualitythaneastwardflights.Whenflyingwestyouareextendingyourdaythustravelinginthenaturaldirectionofyourinternalclock.Flyingeastwardwillinvolveshrinkingorreducingyourdayandisindirectoppositiontoyourinternalclock’snaturaltendency.Oneofthemorecommoncomplaintsoftravelersisthattheirsleepbecomesdisrupted.Therearemanyreasonsforthischangingtimezonesandscheduleschanginglightandactivitylevelstryingtosleepwhenyourbodyclockisprogrammedtobeawakedisruptionoftheinternalbiologicalclockandworkinglongerhours.Itisoftensuggestedthatyouadjustyourwatchassoonasyouboardaplanesupposedlytotrytohelpyouadjusttoyourdestination’sscheduleassoonasyouarrive.Butitcantakethebodyclockseveraldaystoseveralweekstofullyadjusttoanewtimezone.Soourbodyclocktrulycangovernus.ThewordmaladyinParagraph4isclosestinmeaningto
LongerLivesforWildElephants Mostpeoplethinkofzoosassafeplacesforanimalswherestrugglessuchasdifficultyfindingfoodandavoidingpredatorsdon’texist.Withoutsuchproblemsanimalsinzoosshouldlivetoaripeoldage. ButmattermaynotbetrueforthelargestlandanimalsonEarth.Scientistshaveknownthatelephantsinzoosoftensufferfrompoorhealth.Theydevelopdiseasesjointproblemsandbehaviorchanges.Sometimestheyevenbecomeinfertileorunabletohavebabies. Tolearnmoreabouthowcaptivityaffectselephantsateamofinternationalscientistscomparedthelifespansoffemaleelephantsborninzooswithfemaleelephantslivingoutdoorsintheirnativelands.Zooskeepdetailedrecordsofalltheanimalsintheircaredocumentingfactorssuchasbirthdatesillnessesweightanddeath.Theserecordsmadeitpossiblefortheresearcherstoanalyze40yearsofdataon800AfricanandAsianelephantsinzoosacrossEurope.ThescientistscomparedthelifespansofthezoobornelephantswiththelifespansofthousandsoffemalewildelephantsinAfricaandAsianelephantsthatworkinloggingcampsoverapproximatelythesametimeperiod. TheteamfoundthatfemaleAfricanelephantsborninzooslivedanaverageof16.9years.Theirwildcounterpartswhodiedofnaturalcauseslivedanaverageof56years--morethanthreetimesaslong.FemaleAsianelephantsfollowedasimilarpattern.Inzoostheylived18.9yearswhilethoseintheloggingcampslived41.7years. Scientistsdon’tyetknowwhywildelephantsseemtofaresomuchbetterthantheirzoo-raisedcounterparts.GeorgiaMasonabiologistattheUniversityofGuelphinCanadawholedthestudythinksstressandobesitymaybetoblame.Zooelephantsdon’tgetthesamekindofexercisetheywouldinthewildandmostareveryfat.Elephantsociallivesarealsomuchdifferentinzoosthaninthewildwheretheyliveinlargeherdsandfamilygroups. AnotherfindingfromthestudyshowedthatAsianelephantsborninzoosweremorelikelytodieearlierthanAsianelephantscapturedinthewildandbroughttozoos.Masonsuggestsstressinthemothersinzoosmightcausethemtohavebabiesthatarelesslikelytosurvive. Thestudyraisessomequestionsaboutacquiringmoreelephantstokeepinzoos.Whilesomethreatenedandendangeredspecieslivinginzoosreproducesuccessfullyandmaintainhealthypopulationswhichdoesn’tappeartobethecasewithelephants."Currentlyzoosalertconsumersofelephantsnotnetproducers"Masonsays. Whichofthefollowingabouttheinternationalscientists’researchonthelifespansofelephantsisNOTtrue
{{*HTML*}}RuiningtheRuins??Acidrain酸雨isnowafamiliarproblemintheindustrializedcountriesinEurope.Harmfulgasesareproducedbypowerstationsandcars.Theydissolveinrainwaterandthismakesacidrainwhichdamagestreesriversandstreams.??Acidrainisalsocapableofdissolvingsomerocksandbuildingsmadeofsoftrocksuchaslimestone石灰石areparticularlybadlyaffected.Theacidrainattackstherockandsocarvingsandstatuesareeroded受腐蚀morequickly.???46?AccordingtoareportintheNewScientistacidrainisbeingblamedfortherapiddecayofancientruinsinMexico.TheoldlimestonebuildingsinplaceslikeChichenItzaTulumandPalenquearewearingawayveryquicklyindeed.ThesesitesaretheremainsofthebuildingsbuiltbytheMayasbetween250BCandAD900andthespectacularruinsofMayancivilizationarevisitedbythousandsoftouristseveryyear.??Butthoseruinsareindangerofbeingseriouslydamagedbypollution.Atmanysitesthestonehasbeencoveredwithalayerofblacksubstance.?47???Scientistsestimatethataboutonemillimeterofstoneiswornawayeverytwelveyears.?48?TheacidrainissaidtobecausedbypollutionfromoilwellsintheGulfofMexico.Carexhaustgasesarealsoaproblem.Localvolcaniceruptionsmaketheproblemevenworse.Neverthelesswithenoughmoneyandeffortresearcherssaythatmanyoftheproblemscouldbesolvedandtherateoferosionreduced.?49???Mexico’scurrentlackoffundsisalsopartlyduetooil.ThecountryhasrichoilfieldsandafewyearsagowhenoilwasexpensiveMexicowassellinglargequantitiesofoiltotheUSA．andearningalotofmoney.?50?HoweverthepriceofoilthendroppedandMexicohasbeenleftowingenormoussumsofmoneyandwithnotenoughincomefromoilsalestopaybacktheloans.SounlessthepriceofoilrisesitisunlikelythatMexicowillbeabletoaffordtocleanupthepollutionandsaveitsMayanruinsfromdestruction.??A．Atothersthepaintedsurfacesinsidetemplesareliftingandflakingoff剥落andthestoneisbeingeatenaway.??B．Thatisenoughtohavecausedsomeoftheancientcarvingstobecomeseriouslydamagedalready.??C．Thesemeasureswouldreducethepollutionbutwouldnotstopitcompletely.??D．Thegovernmentwasthereforeabletoborrowhugesumsofmoneyfrombanksaroundtheworldthinkingtheywouldhavenoproblemrepayingtheirdebts.??E．TheproblemhoweverisnotjustaEuropeanone.??F．HowevertheMexicangovernmentdoesnothaveenoughmoneytodotheworkandneedstospendwhatmoneyithasontheMexicanpeople.
TVGamesShows Oneofthemostfascinatingthingsabouttelevisionisthesizeoftheaudience.Anovelcanbeonthe"bestsellers"listwithasaleoffewerthan100000copiesbutapopularTVshowmighthave70millionTVviewers.TVcanmakeanythingoranyonewellknownovernight. Thisistheprinciplebehind"quiz"or"game"showswhichputordinarypeopleonTVtoplayagamefortheprizeandmoney.Aquizshowcanmakeanyoneastaranditcangiveawaythousandsofdollarsjustforfun.Butallofthismoneycancreateproblems.Forinstanceinthe1950squizshowswereverypopularintheU.S.andalmosteveryonewatchedthem.CharlesVanDorenanEnglishinstructorbecamerichandfamousafterwinningmoneyonseveralshows.Heevenhadacareerasatelevisionpersonality.ButoneofthelosersprovedthatCharlesVanDorenwascheating.Itturnedoutthattheshow’sproducerswhowerepullingthestringsgavetheanswerstothemostpopularcontestantsbeforehand.WhyBecauseiftheaudiencedidn’tlikethepersonwhowonthegametheyturnedtheshowoff.BasedonhisstoryamovieunderthetitleQuizShowison40yearslater. CharlesVanDorenisnolongerinvolvedwithTV.Butgameshowsarestillherethoughtheyaren’ttakenasseriously.Infactsomeofthemtrytobeasridiculousaspossible.Thereareshowsthatsendstrangersonvacationtripstogetherorthattrytocausenewly-marriedcouplestofightonTVorthatpunishlosersbyhumiliatingthem.TheentertainmentnowistoseewhatpeoplewilldojusttobeonTV.Peoplestillwinmoneybuttherealprizeistobeinfrontofanaudienceofmillions. TVcanmakeabeggarworld-famousovernight.
{{*HTML*}}TheSupercomputerNetwork1?Recentlytenlaboratoriesrunbygovernmentsindifferentpartsoftheworldhavebecomelinked.Theircomputershavebeenconnectedsotheycantalktoeachother.ThismaynotseemverydramaticnewsbutitIsthebeginningofadevelopmentthatwillIncreasethepoweroftheInternettremendously.2?TheInternetIsanInterconnected互联systemofnetworksthatconnectscomputersroundtheworldandfacilitatesthetransmissionandexchangeofinformation.ThewaythatyouusetheInternetisbyaccessingthisnetwork.Thisdependsonthepowerthatyoursystemallowsyoutouse.Thepowerofyourcomputerisresponsibleforhowfastyoucandownload下载fileshowmuchdatayoucanstoreetc.Ifyourcomputerisoldandslowaccessingtheinformationcanbeverydifficult.3?Thenewdevelopmentininformationtechnologyhasbeencalledthegrid网格技术anditwillbeanetworkofcomputersthatarelinkedtogether.ThegridwillworkinadifferentwayfromtheInternetenablingyoutogetthepowerofthebiggestcomputersintheworldonyourcomputer.Accessingtheinformationwillnolongerdependonthepowerofyourcomputer.Theideaisthatwhileyouaccessinformationyouwillalsohaveaccesstothepowerofthebiggercomputerstations.4?Oneadvantageofthisrevolutionaryideaisthatgeographicallocationwillbecomeirrelevant.Thegridwilldecidewhicharethebestpartsofaworldwidenetworktodothejobyouwant.ThismeansthatyoumaybeaccessingacomputerinJapantosolveaprobleminAlaska.5?Thegridcanbecomparedtohavinganefficientpersonalassistant.Youcangiveyourassistantataskandhewilldoitforyou.Theassistantwilldothepreliminaryresearchcollectthedatacomparethemanddecideonthebestcourseofactionbyaccessinganyofthecomputercentresinthegridthathappentohavetherelevantinformation.Allyouhavetodoisassignthetasksitbackandwait.6?AtpresentpossibleapplicationsofthegridinscientificresearcharebeingexploredWhileIthastakenaboutfifteenyearsforInternetusetobecomewidespreadexpertsbelievethatthegridcouldbeupandrunningforprivateindividualsfarmorequickly.Scientistsworkingongridprojectsareconvincedthatitwillbeaswidelyusedasthewebinthenexttenyears.Thegridwillenableyoutogetonyourcomputerthepowerof______intheworld.
{{*HTML*}}RuiningtheRuins??Acidrain酸雨isnowafamiliarproblemintheindustrializedcountriesinEurope.Harmfulgasesareproducedbypowerstationsandcars.Theydissolveinrainwaterandthismakesacidrainwhichdamagestreesriversandstreams.??Acidrainisalsocapableofdissolvingsomerocksandbuildingsmadeofsoftrocksuchaslimestone石灰石areparticularlybadlyaffected.Theacidrainattackstherockandsocarvingsandstatuesareeroded受腐蚀morequickly.???46?AccordingtoareportintheNewScientistacidrainisbeingblamedfortherapiddecayofancientruinsinMexico.TheoldlimestonebuildingsinplaceslikeChichenItzaTulumandPalenquearewearingawayveryquicklyindeed.ThesesitesaretheremainsofthebuildingsbuiltbytheMayasbetween250BCandAD900andthespectacularruinsofMayancivilizationarevisitedbythousandsoftouristseveryyear.??Butthoseruinsareindangerofbeingseriouslydamagedbypollution.Atmanysitesthestonehasbeencoveredwithalayerofblacksubstance.?47???Scientistsestimatethataboutonemillimeterofstoneiswornawayeverytwelveyears.?48?TheacidrainissaidtobecausedbypollutionfromoilwellsintheGulfofMexico.Carexhaustgasesarealsoaproblem.Localvolcaniceruptionsmaketheproblemevenworse.Neverthelesswithenoughmoneyandeffortresearcherssaythatmanyoftheproblemscouldbesolvedandtherateoferosionreduced.?49???Mexico’scurrentlackoffundsisalsopartlyduetooil.ThecountryhasrichoilfieldsandafewyearsagowhenoilwasexpensiveMexicowassellinglargequantitiesofoiltotheUSA．andearningalotofmoney.?50?HoweverthepriceofoilthendroppedandMexicohasbeenleftowingenormoussumsofmoneyandwithnotenoughincomefromoilsalestopaybacktheloans.SounlessthepriceofoilrisesitisunlikelythatMexicowillbeabletoaffordtocleanupthepollutionandsaveitsMayanruinsfromdestruction.??A．Atothersthepaintedsurfacesinsidetemplesareliftingandflakingoff剥落andthestoneisbeingeatenaway.??B．Thatisenoughtohavecausedsomeoftheancientcarvingstobecomeseriouslydamagedalready.??C．Thesemeasureswouldreducethepollutionbutwouldnotstopitcompletely.??D．Thegovernmentwasthereforeabletoborrowhugesumsofmoneyfrombanksaroundtheworldthinkingtheywouldhavenoproblemrepayingtheirdebts.??E．TheproblemhoweverisnotjustaEuropeanone.??F．HowevertheMexicangovernmentdoesnothaveenoughmoneytodotheworkandneedstospendwhatmoneyithasontheMexicanpeople.
LivingwithComputerLivingaloneinahousethewriterseemstoA．havetotallyforgottenherwork.B．beafraidofherneighbors.C．getsomecomfortfromTVprograms.D．havegonecrazy.
ATaleofScottishRuralLife LewisGrassicGibbon’sSunsetSong1932wasvoted"thebestScottishnovelofalltime"byScotland’sreadingpublicin2005.OnceconsideredshockingforitsfrankdescriptionofaspectsofthelivesofScotland’spoorruralfarmersithasbeenadaptedforstagefilmTVandradioinrecentdecades. ThenovelissetonthefictionalestateofKinraddieinthefarmingcountryoftheScottishnorthwestintheyearsuptoandbeyondWorldWart.AtitsheartisthestoryofChriswhoisbothpartofthecommunityandalittleoutsideit. GrassicGibbongivesusthemostdetailedandintimateaccountofthelifeofhisheroine女主人公.Wewatchhergrowthroughachildhooddominatedbyhercruelbuthard-workingfather;experiencetragedyhermother’ssuicideandmurderofhertwinchildrenandlearnaboutherfeelingsasshegrowsintoawoman.Weseehermarryloseherhusbandthenmarryagain.Chrishasseemedsoconvincingafiguretosomefemalereadersthattheycannotbelievethatsheisthecreationofaman. ButitwouldbemisleadingtosuggestthatthisbookisjustaboutChris.Itistrulyanovelofaplaceanditspeople.ItsopeningsectiontellsofKinraddie’slonghistoryinalanguagethatimitatestheplace’schangingpatternsofspeechandwriting. Thestoryitselfisamazinglyfullofcharactersandincidents.Itistoldfrom’Chris’pointofviewbutalsofromthatofthegossipingcommunityacommunitywhereeverybodyknowseverybodyelss’sbusinessandnothingiseverforgotten; SunsetSonghasasocialthemetoo.ItisconcernedwithwhatGrassicGibbonperceivesasthedestructionoftraditionalScottishrurallifefirstbymodernizationandthenbyWorldWarI.Gibbontriedhardtoshowhowcertaincharactersresistthewar.Despitethisthewartakestheyoungmenawayanumberofthemtotheirdeaths.InparticularittakesawayChris’husbandEwanTavendale.ThewarfinallykillsEwanbutnotinthewayhiswidowistold.InfacttheGermansaren’tresponsibleforhisdeathbuthisownside.Heisshotbecauseheissaidtohaverunawayfromabattle. IfthenovelisabouttheendofonewayoflifeitalsolooksaheadItisa"SunsetSong"butisconcernedtoowiththenewKinraddieindeedofthenewEuropeanworld.GrassicGibbonwentontopublishtwoothernovelsabouttheplacethatcontinueitsstory. WhichstatementisNOTtrueofChris
LongerLivesforWildElephants Mostpeoplethinkofzoosassafeplacesforanimalswherestrugglessuchasdifficultyfindingfoodandavoidingpredatorsdon’texist.Withoutsuchproblemsanimalsinzoosshouldlivetoaripeoldage. ButmattermaynotbetrueforthelargestlandanimalsonEarth.Scientistshaveknownthatelephantsinzoosoftensufferfrompoorhealth.Theydevelopdiseasesjointproblemsandbehaviorchanges.Sometimestheyevenbecomeinfertileorunabletohavebabies. Tolearnmoreabouthowcaptivityaffectselephantsateamofinternationalscientistscomparedthelifespansoffemaleelephantsborninzooswithfemaleelephantslivingoutdoorsintheirnativelands.Zooskeepdetailedrecordsofalltheanimalsintheircaredocumentingfactorssuchasbirthdatesillnessesweightanddeath.Theserecordsmadeitpossiblefortheresearcherstoanalyze40yearsofdataon800AfricanandAsianelephantsinzoosacrossEurope.ThescientistscomparedthelifespansofthezoobornelephantswiththelifespansofthousandsoffemalewildelephantsinAfricaandAsianelephantsthatworkinloggingcampsoverapproximatelythesametimeperiod. TheteamfoundthatfemaleAfricanelephantsborninzooslivedanaverageof16.9years.Theirwildcounterpartswhodiedofnaturalcauseslivedanaverageof56years--morethanthreetimesaslong.FemaleAsianelephantsfollowedasimilarpattern.Inzoostheylived18.9yearswhilethoseintheloggingcampslived41.7years. Scientistsdon’tyetknowwhywildelephantsseemtofaresomuchbetterthantheirzoo-raisedcounterparts.GeorgiaMasonabiologistattheUniversityofGuelphinCanadawholedthestudythinksstressandobesitymaybetoblame.Zooelephantsdon’tgetthesamekindofexercisetheywouldinthewildandmostareveryfat.Elephantsociallivesarealsomuchdifferentinzoosthaninthewildwheretheyliveinlargeherdsandfamilygroups. AnotherfindingfromthestudyshowedthatAsianelephantsborninzoosweremorelikelytodieearlierthanAsianelephantscapturedinthewildandbroughttozoos.Masonsuggestsstressinthemothersinzoosmightcausethemtohavebabiesthatarelesslikelytosurvive. Thestudyraisessomequestionsaboutacquiringmoreelephantstokeepinzoos.Whilesomethreatenedandendangeredspecieslivinginzoosreproducesuccessfullyandmaintainhealthypopulationswhichdoesn’tappeartobethecasewithelephants."Currentlyzoosalertconsumersofelephantsnotnetproducers"Masonsays. Whatarethepossiblecausesofstressandobesityzoo-raisedelephantsgenerallysufferfrom
Loudnoisescanbeannoying.
LivingwithComputerComparedwiththeclearwordsofherboyfriendonscreenhisaccentisA．obscure.B．distinct.C．unreal.D．misleading.
CementwasseldomusedinbuildingtheMiddleAges.
TVGamesShows Oneofthemostfascinatingthingsabouttelevisionisthesizeoftheaudience.Anovelcanbeonthe"bestsellers"listwithasaleoffewerthan100000copiesbutapopularTVshowmighthave70millionTVviewers.TVcanmakeanythingoranyonewellknownovernight. Thisistheprinciplebehind"quiz"or"game"showswhichputordinarypeopleonTVtoplayagamefortheprizeandmoney.Aquizshowcanmakeanyoneastaranditcangiveawaythousandsofdollarsjustforfun.Butallofthismoneycancreateproblems.Forinstanceinthe1950squizshowswereverypopularintheU.S.andalmosteveryonewatchedthem.CharlesVanDorenanEnglishinstructorbecamerichandfamousafterwinningmoneyonseveralshows.Heevenhadacareerasatelevisionpersonality.ButoneofthelosersprovedthatCharlesVanDorenwascheating.Itturnedoutthattheshow’sproducerswhowerepullingthestringsgavetheanswerstothemostpopularcontestantsbeforehand.WhyBecauseiftheaudiencedidn’tlikethepersonwhowonthegametheyturnedtheshowoff.BasedonhisstoryamovieunderthetitleQuizShowison40yearslater. CharlesVanDorenisnolongerinvolvedwithTV.Butgameshowsarestillherethoughtheyaren’ttakenasseriously.Infactsomeofthemtrytobeasridiculousaspossible.Thereareshowsthatsendstrangersonvacationtripstogetherorthattrytocausenewly-marriedcouplestofightonTVorthatpunishlosersbyhumiliatingthem.TheentertainmentnowistoseewhatpeoplewilldojusttobeonTV.Peoplestillwinmoneybuttherealprizeistobeinfrontofanaudienceofmillions. PrizesandmoneyareusuallyprovidedbyTVstarsandlargecompaniesforwinners.
Theseprogrammesareofimmensevaluetooldpeople.
TheBodyClockWhyisitthatflyingtoNewYorkfromLondonwillleaveyoufeelinglesstiredthanflyingtoLondonfromNewYorkTheanswermaybeaclearcaseofbiologynotbeingabletokeepupwithtechnology.Deepinsidethebrainthereisaclockthatgovernseveryaspectofthebody’sfunctioning:sleepandwakecycleslevelsofalertnessperformancemoodhormonelevelsdigestionbodytemperatureandsoon.Itregulatesallofthesefunctionsona24-hourbasisandiscalledthebiologicalclock.Thisbodyclockprogrammesustobesleepytwiceadaybetween3-5amandagainbetween3-5pm.Afternoonteaandnapareallculturalresponsestoournaturalbiologicalsleepinessintheafternoon.Oneofthemajorcausesofthetravellers’maladyknownasjetlagisthenon-alignmentofaperson’sinternalbodyclockwithclocksintheexternalworld.Crossingdifferenttimezonesconfusesthebiologicalclockwhichthenhastoadjusttothenewtimeandpatternsoflightandactivity.Tomakemattersmorecomplexnotallinternalbodyfunctionsadjustatthesamerate.Soyoursleep/wakemayadjusttoanewtimezoneatoneratewhileyourtemperatureadjustsatadifferentpace.Yourdigestionmaybeonadifferentschedulealtogether.Thoughweliveina24-hourdaythenaturaltendencyofthebodyclockistoextendourdaybeyond24hours.Itiscontrarytoourbiologicalprogrammingtoshrinkourday’.Thatiswhytravelinginawestwarddirectionismorebody-clockfriendlythanflyingeast.NASAstudiesoflonghaulpilotsshowedthatwestwardtravelwasassociatedwithsignificantlybettersleepquantityandqualitythaneastwardflights.Whenflyingwestyouareextendingyourdaythustravelinginthenaturaldirectionofyourinternalclock.Flyingeastwardwillinvolveshrinkingorreducingyourdayandisindirectoppositiontoyourinternalclock’snaturaltendency.Oneofthemorecommoncomplaintsoftravelersisthattheirsleepbecomesdisrupted.Therearemanyreasonsforthischangingtimezonesandscheduleschanginglightandactivitylevelstryingtosleepwhenyourbodyclockisprogrammedtobeawakedisruptionoftheinternalbiologicalclockandworkinglongerhours.Itisoftensuggestedthatyouadjustyourwatchassoonasyouboardaplanesupposedlytotrytohelpyouadjusttoyourdestination’sscheduleassoonasyouarrive.Butitcantakethebodyclockseveraldaystoseveralweekstofullyadjusttoanewtimezone.Soourbodyclocktrulycangovernus.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasareasonforthedisruptedsleepoftravelers
Numerousattemptshavebeenmadetohidethetruth.
Youdon'tneedtocarrylargeamountsofcash;actuallyallfinancialbusinesswillbeconductedbycomputers.
TVGamesShows Oneofthemostfascinatingthingsabouttelevisionisthesizeoftheaudience.Anovelcanbeonthe"bestsellers"listwithasaleoffewerthan100000copiesbutapopularTVshowmighthave70millionTVviewers.TVcanmakeanythingoranyonewellknownovernight. Thisistheprinciplebehind"quiz"or"game"showswhichputordinarypeopleonTVtoplayagamefortheprizeandmoney.Aquizshowcanmakeanyoneastaranditcangiveawaythousandsofdollarsjustforfun.Butallofthismoneycancreateproblems.Forinstanceinthe1950squizshowswereverypopularintheU.S.andalmosteveryonewatchedthem.CharlesVanDorenanEnglishinstructorbecamerichandfamousafterwinningmoneyonseveralshows.Heevenhadacareerasatelevisionpersonality.ButoneofthelosersprovedthatCharlesVanDorenwascheating.Itturnedoutthattheshow’sproducerswhowerepullingthestringsgavetheanswerstothemostpopularcontestantsbeforehand.WhyBecauseiftheaudiencedidn’tlikethepersonwhowonthegametheyturnedtheshowoff.BasedonhisstoryamovieunderthetitleQuizShowison40yearslater. CharlesVanDorenisnolongerinvolvedwithTV.Butgameshowsarestillherethoughtheyaren’ttakenasseriously.Infactsomeofthemtrytobeasridiculousaspossible.Thereareshowsthatsendstrangersonvacationtripstogetherorthattrytocausenewly-marriedcouplestofightonTVorthatpunishlosersbyhumiliatingthem.TheentertainmentnowistoseewhatpeoplewilldojusttobeonTV.Peoplestillwinmoneybuttherealprizeistobeinfrontofanaudienceofmillions. ThehugescandalofcheatinginTVgamesshowswasnotexposeduntil40yearslaterinthemovieQuizShow.
Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch.
Eveninahighlymodernizedcountrymanualworkisstillneeded.
WhateverHappenstoOldComputers Youhavejustgotanewcomputerandyouaredelightedwithit.Itisdoingeverythingyouwantedyournewcomputertodo.ButwhatareyougoingtodowithyouroldcomputerHaveyoueverwonderedwhatotherpeopledowiththeiroldcomputersInthepasttheyhaveoftenpaidhighpricesfortheiroldcomputersbuthowmuchdoyouthinkthesecomputersareworthnowFewpeoplewanttobuyacomputerthathasbecomeoutofdateorhasbeenreplacedbyanewermodel.Unfortunatelytheonlythingyoucandowithacomputerthatyouhavehadforfiveorsixyearsistothrowitawaywithyourothergarbage! WhatdomanypeopledowhentheytrytoselltheiroldcomputersFoolishlytheytakeintoaccountitsoriginalcostandthenreducethepriceaccordingtotheageofthecomputerratherlikeasecond-handcar.Theyarewrong.Theyforgetthatnewcomputersarebecomingcheapereverydaymakingoldcomputersalmostworthless.In1985forexampleagoodcomputercostoverUS$4000.Tenyearslateritsownerwouldbeluckytoget$400.Althougholdcomputersarestillmoreusefulthanoldtypewritersyoumustbecarefulaboutbuyingasecond-handcomputer.Themicrochipsinacomputermaylastalongtimebuttheharddiskwillnot.Itwillprobablycostmoretoreplacetheharddiskwithanewonethanthecomputeritselfisworth.Moreoverreplacingtheoldprocessorinacomputerissimplynotworththetroubleasitwillprobablybeincapableofrunningnewersoftware.Ultimatelysavingandrepairinganoldcomputerislikebuildingacarfromspareparts.Itisfarcheapertobuyanewcar. Onewell-knowncomputermagazinerecentlycompiledalistoftenthingstodowithanoldcomputer.Onesuggestionwastodonateittocharityorgiveitasoneofthesmallprizesinacompetition.Thefinalsuggestionwastostoreitinasafeplaceandhopethatitwouldbecomeacollector’siteminfifteenortwentyyearsthoughthearticleinthemagazineadmittedthatinfifteenortwentyyearstheremaybesomanyoldcomputersthattheywillallbeworthless. Whateveryoudecidetodowithanoldcomputerwillnotalterthefactthatitwillbeuselessasapieceoftechnologyinseveralyears.TheworldofcomputersisquicklychangingandeventuallyallcomputerswillnotonlybeintegratedwithvideotelephoneandrunCD-ROMdisksbutwillalsobeabletoperformacountlessnumberoftaskswhichasyetwecannotevenimagine.Alltheseuseswillrequiremuchmoreadvancedandpowerfulmachinesthatwillautomaticallycondemneventhemostadvancedcomputertodaytothegarbagecanofthetwentiethcentury. Thepassagetellsusthatitwillcostfarmoretorepairanoldcomputerthanto.
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