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? ?阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
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{{*HTML*}} ?????????? ???????{{B}}TheMirSpace Station{{/B}}??TheRussianMirSpaceStationwhichcamedownin 2001atlastafter15yearsofpioneeringtheconceptoflong-termhumanspace flightisrememberedforitsaccomplishmentsinthehumanspaceflighthistory. Itcanbecreditedwithmanyfirstsinspace.??DuringMir’s lifetimeRussiaspentaboutUSS4.2billiontobuildandmaintainthe station.??TheSovietUnionlaunchedMirwhichwasdesignedto lastfromthreetofiveyearsonFebruary201986andhoused104astronauts over12yearsandsevenmonthsmostofwhomwerenotRussian.Infactit becamethefirstinternationalspacestationbyplayinghostto62peoplefrom 11countries.From1995through1998sevenastronautsfromtheUnitedStates tookturnslivingonMirforuptosixmonthseach.Theywereamongthe37 Americanswhovisitedthestationduringninestopoversbyspace shuttles.??Themorethan400milliontheUnitedStatesprovided RussianforthevisitsnotonlykeptMiroperatingbutalsogavetheAmericans andtheirpartnersintheinternationalstationprojectvaluableexperiencein long-termflightandmultinationaloperations.??Adebate continuesoverMir’scontributionstoscience.DuringitsexistenceMirwasthe laboratoryfor23000experimentsandcarriedscientificequipmentestimatedto beworth$80millionfrommanynations.ExperimentsonMirarecreditedwitha rangeoffindingsfromthefirstsolidmeasurementoftherationofheavy heliumatomsinspacetohowtogrowwheatinspace.Butforthosefavoring humanspaceexplorationMirshowedthatpeoplecouldliveandworkinspace longenoughforatriptoMars.Thelongestsinglestayinspaceisthe437.7 daysthatRussianastronautValeryPolyakovspentonMirfrom1994to1995.And SergieAvdeyevaccumulated747.6daysinspaceinthreetripstothespace station.ThelongestAmericanstaywasthatofShannonLucidwhospent188days aboardMirin1996.??DespitethemanyfirstsMiraccomplished 1997wasabadyearoutof15forMir.In1997anoxygengenerator’caught fire.Laterthemaincomputersystembrokedowncausingthestationtodrift severaltimesandtherewerepowerfailures.??Mostofthese problemswererepairedwithAmericanhelpandsuppliersbutMir’sreputation asaspacestationwasmined.??Mir’ssetbacksarenothing thoughwhenwecomparethemwithitsaccomplishments.Mirwasatremendous successwhichwillberememberedasamilestoneinspaceexplorationandthe spacestationthatshowedlong-termhumanhabitationinspacewaspossible.But it’stimetomoveontothenextgeneration.TheInternationalSpaceStation beingbuiltwillbebetterbutitowesagreatdebttoMir.Mirenhancedtheconfidenceinthescientiststhathumanslivinginspaceforalongtimewas______.??A.everything
{{*HTML*}} ?????????? ???????{{B}}TheMirSpace Station{{/B}}??TheRussianMirSpaceStationwhichcamedownin 2001atlastafter15yearsofpioneeringtheconceptoflong-termhumanspace flightisrememberedforitsaccomplishmentsinthehumanspaceflighthistory. Itcanbecreditedwithmanyfirstsinspace.??DuringMir’s lifetimeRussiaspentaboutUSS4.2billiontobuildandmaintainthe station.??TheSovietUnionlaunchedMirwhichwasdesignedto lastfromthreetofiveyearsonFebruary201986andhoused104astronauts over12yearsandsevenmonthsmostofwhomwerenotRussian.Infactit becamethefirstinternationalspacestationbyplayinghostto62peoplefrom 11countries.From1995through1998sevenastronautsfromtheUnitedStates tookturnslivingonMirforuptosixmonthseach.Theywereamongthe37 Americanswhovisitedthestationduringninestopoversbyspace shuttles.??Themorethan400milliontheUnitedStatesprovided RussianforthevisitsnotonlykeptMiroperatingbutalsogavetheAmericans andtheirpartnersintheinternationalstationprojectvaluableexperiencein long-termflightandmultinationaloperations.??Adebate continuesoverMir’scontributionstoscience.DuringitsexistenceMirwasthe laboratoryfor23000experimentsandcarriedscientificequipmentestimatedto beworth$80millionfrommanynations.ExperimentsonMirarecreditedwitha rangeoffindingsfromthefirstsolidmeasurementoftherationofheavy heliumatomsinspacetohowtogrowwheatinspace.Butforthosefavoring humanspaceexplorationMirshowedthatpeoplecouldliveandworkinspace longenoughforatriptoMars.Thelongestsinglestayinspaceisthe437.7 daysthatRussianastronautValeryPolyakovspentonMirfrom1994to1995.And SergieAvdeyevaccumulated747.6daysinspaceinthreetripstothespace station.ThelongestAmericanstaywasthatofShannonLucidwhospent188days aboardMirin1996.??DespitethemanyfirstsMiraccomplished 1997wasabadyearoutof15forMir.In1997anoxygengenerator’caught fire.Laterthemaincomputersystembrokedowncausingthestationtodrift severaltimesandtherewerepowerfailures.??Mostofthese problemswererepairedwithAmericanhelpandsuppliersbutMir’sreputation asaspacestationwasmined.??Mir’ssetbacksarenothing thoughwhenwecomparethemwithitsaccomplishments.Mirwasatremendous successwhichwillberememberedasamilestoneinspaceexplorationandthe spacestationthatshowedlong-termhumanhabitationinspacewaspossible.But it’stimetomoveontothenextgeneration.TheInternationalSpaceStation beingbuiltwillbebetterbutitowesagreatdebttoMir.Paragraph6______
{{*HTML*}} ??????? ?????????{{B}}Whatis Market?{{/B}}??Thewordmarketisusedinanumberofways.There isastockmarketandautomobilemarketaretailmarketforfurnitureanda wholesalemarketforfurniture.Onepersonmaybegoingtothemarket;another mayplantomarketaproduct.Whatthenisamarket?Amarketmaybedefinedas aplacewherebuyersandsellersmeetgoodsorservicesareofferedforsale andtransfersofownershipoccur.Amarketmayalsobedefinedasthedemand madebyacertaingroupofpotentialbuyersforagoodorservice.Forinstance thereisafarmmarketforpetroleumproducts.Thetermsmarketanddemandare oftenusedinterchangeably;theymayalsobeusedjointlyasmarket demand.??Thesedefinitionsarenotsufficientlyprecisetobe usefultoushere.Forbusinesspurposeswedefineamarketaspeopleor organizationswithwantsneedstosatisfymoneytospendandthewillingness tospendit.Thusinthemarketdemandforanygivenproductorservicethere arethreefactorstoconsider—peopleororganizationswithwantsneeds theirpurchasingpowerandtheirbuyingbehavior.??Weshall employthedictionarydefinitionofneeds:thelackofanythingthatis requireddesiredoruseful.Wedonotlimitneedstothenarrowphysiological requirementsoffoodclothingandshelteressentialforsurvival.Inour discussionthewordsandwantsareusedsynonymouslyandinterchangeably.Ina strictinterpretationhoweverneedswouldrefertosuchbasicphysiological requirementsasfoodclothingandshelterwhilewantswouldbesuchbasic preferences.Howeverinouraffluentsocietylittleistobegainedbytrying todifferentiatebetweenthetwo.Manyofuswouldseeasneedssomeitemsthat arefarbeyondfoodclothingandshelter.Strictlyspeakingwantsreferstopeople’semotionalneeds.
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{{*HTML*}} ??????? ?????????{{B}}Whatis Market?{{/B}}??Thewordmarketisusedinanumberofways.There isastockmarketandautomobilemarketaretailmarketforfurnitureanda wholesalemarketforfurniture.Onepersonmaybegoingtothemarket;another mayplantomarketaproduct.Whatthenisamarket?Amarketmaybedefinedas aplacewherebuyersandsellersmeetgoodsorservicesareofferedforsale andtransfersofownershipoccur.Amarketmayalsobedefinedasthedemand madebyacertaingroupofpotentialbuyersforagoodorservice.Forinstance thereisafarmmarketforpetroleumproducts.Thetermsmarketanddemandare oftenusedinterchangeably;theymayalsobeusedjointlyasmarket demand.??Thesedefinitionsarenotsufficientlyprecisetobe usefultoushere.Forbusinesspurposeswedefineamarketaspeopleor organizationswithwantsneedstosatisfymoneytospendandthewillingness tospendit.Thusinthemarketdemandforanygivenproductorservicethere arethreefactorstoconsider—peopleororganizationswithwantsneeds theirpurchasingpowerandtheirbuyingbehavior.??Weshall employthedictionarydefinitionofneeds:thelackofanythingthatis requireddesiredoruseful.Wedonotlimitneedstothenarrowphysiological requirementsoffoodclothingandshelteressentialforsurvival.Inour discussionthewordsandwantsareusedsynonymouslyandinterchangeably.Ina strictinterpretationhoweverneedswouldrefertosuchbasicphysiological requirementsasfoodclothingandshelterwhilewantswouldbesuchbasic preferences.Howeverinouraffluentsocietylittleistobegainedbytrying todifferentiatebetweenthetwo.Manyofuswouldseeasneedssomeitemsthat arefarbeyondfoodclothingandshelter.Thedefinitionofmarketforbusinesspurposefocusesonpurchasers.
Hisnewgirlfriendhad{{U}}omitted{{/U}}totellhimthatshewasmarried.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????{{B}}ShrinkingWaterSupplyPosesThreat toPeace{{/B}}??Waterwhichisessentialforlifecostsnothing. Ontheotherhanddiamondswhichareessentialfornothingcostalot. Unfortunatelytheworldhaschangedconsiderablysincean18thcentury economistmadethisremark.??Whatwastrueover200yearsagois certainlynolongertruenowinanumberofcountriespeoplepayasmuchfor waterintheirhomesastheydoforelectricity.??Likehealthwe ignorewaterwhenwehaveit—unlesstherearefloodsofcourse.Oncethereis athreattoourwatersupplyhoweverwatercanquicklybecometheonlything thatmatters.Weknowonlytoowellthatwithoutwatertherecanbeno life.??Thesituationisnowbecomingsobadthatenvironmentalist feelitmaybenecessarytoshocktheworldintosavingwaterinasimilarway totheshockcausedbytheoilcrisesinthe1970s.??Atthat timetheoilcrisisbecamesuchaseriousthreattothelivesofeveryonein thedevelopedcountriesthatitmadepeopleconsciousoftheimportanceof savingoilandprovidedpowerfulencouragementforgovernmentstolookforother formsofenergy.??Theresultundoubtedlywasofmajorbenefitto energyconservation.??Thereisnownolongerandunlimitedsupply offreshwater.About97percentoftheplanet’swaterisseawater.Another2 percentislockedinicecapsandglaciers.Therearealsoreservesoffresh waterundertheearth’ssurfacebutthesearetoodeepforustouse economically.??Unfortunatelycompetitionisgrowingfiercelyfor whatlittlewaterisavailable.Itmaybeamatteroftimebeforethat competitionbecomesaconflict.??Tomakemattersworsethe world’spopulationisincreasingsorapidlythatitisexpectedtogrowtoabout 8billionin30years—anincreaseof60percent.??Moreoverin manydevelopedcountriesthroughoutthewouldflushlavatoriesandwashing machinesmeantheaveragepersonnowuses300litresofwateradaycompared with50atthebeginningofthecentury.??Attheotherextreme accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationonequ0rteroftheworld’s populationstilllackssafedrinkingwaterandpropersanitation.Mostlivein thesouthernhemispherewheresuppliesoffreshwaterareputinjeopardy throughdirtyindustrialpracticespoorirrigationanderosion.? ?Thesocialstabilityoftheworldisnolongerthreatenedbyglobalwars theColdWar...Howeverthesupplyofwatercouldsoonbecomethechief threattosuchstability.Thereisalreadyevidenceofthishappening especiallyinAfrica.??RecentlytheEgyptianGovernment threatened’todestroyanydamsbuiltontheNileiftheyconsideredthedams wouldaffecttheirsupplyoffreshwater.??Whatisrequired immediatelyisanawarenessofthetruevalueofwaterandtheformationof sensiblewaterconservationstrategies.??Itisalsoofvital importancetohaveaconsensusonhowbesttousesharedWaterresourcesforthe benefitofallthecountriesintheworldaswellasanexaminationofthebest methodsforthedistributionoftheworld’s water.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheauthor’spurposeofmentioningtheoilcrisesinthe1970s?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ?????{{B}}EffectsofEnvironmental Pollution{{/B}}??Scientistswatchedcloselylastspringasahaze ofpollutionwhichhadbeentrackedbysatelliteasitcrossedthePacific OceansettledoveralargeswathofNorthAmericafromCalgaryCanadainto Arizona.Nowitappearsthatforthefirsttime.researchersonbothsidesof thePacifictookdetailedmeasurementsofthesameplumeacloudthatcontained Gobidesertdustaswellashydrocarbonsfromindustrialpollution.? ?HeatherPriceaUniversityofWashingtondoctoralstudentinchemistry foundthattheamountoflightreflectedbytheparticlesintheairwasmore than550percentgreaterthannormalforthattimeofyear.ThemassofAsian air4containedelevatedlevelsofallpollutantsmeasured.Pricesaidbutthe onlythingthatcameclosetobeingalarmingwasthelevelofparticulate matte.??Thehazethatsettledacrossthewesternpartofthe countrywaswidelyreportedbythenewsmediaanditwasmeasuredasfarinland astheskislopesofAspenColo.??Readingsonthewesternside ofthePacificcamefromtheAerosolCharacterizationExperimentsaproject aimedatunderstandinghowparticlesintheatmosphereaffectEarth’sclimate. Additionalmeasurementsweretakeninthesameregionatthesametimeundera projectsponsoredbytheNationalAeronauticsandSpace Administration.??KnowingthepollutionwasapproachingWashington statePriceloadedsensingequipmentaboardarentedBeechcraftonApril14and flewtoNeahBayonthestate’sNorthwestcoast.Takingsamplesatvarious levelsfrom15000feetto20000feetinaltitudeshemonitoredquantities ofdustozonecarbonmonoxideandhydrocarbons.Frommycopilot’sseatthe dustwasthickenoughtoseewiththenakedeye.Pricesaid.? ?Nowshe’stryingtocorrelateherfindingswiththoseofthetworesearch teamsoperatingontheothersideofthePacificwhereatonepointthe pollutionplumewaslargerthanJapan.Thehugesizeofthecloudshowedup clearlyinsatelliteimagesthatgavePriceplentyofwarningthehazewason itsway.YoucanseethesetwoblobscomingoutofthedesertsofMongoliaand growingoverAsiathengettingsweptoutovertheoceanandfinallysetting overNorthAmericashesaid.Sheintendstocontinuemeasuringairsamplesoff theWashingtoncoastandwillbelookingforairmasseswithevidenceof pollutionoriginatingsomewhereotherthanAsia.We’dliketoseeifwecanget asignatureofpollutioncomingfromEuropebecausecomputermodelssuggestthat EuropeansourcesalsocanbetransportedacrossthePacificshesaid. HoweverweexpectthatsourcesinEuropewillcontributelessthanAsian sources.??hazen.霾烟雾??plumen.羽状物? ?pollutantn.污染物??particulaten.微粒颗粒? ?carbonmonoxide一氧化碳??copilotn.飞机副驾驶员? ?blobn.粘乎乎的一团黑糊糊的一堆Thehazeofpollutionmentionedinthefirstparagraphisacloud______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????{{B}}ShrinkingWaterSupplyPosesThreat toPeace{{/B}}??Waterwhichisessentialforlifecostsnothing. Ontheotherhanddiamondswhichareessentialfornothingcostalot. Unfortunatelytheworldhaschangedconsiderablysincean18thcentury economistmadethisremark.??Whatwastrueover200yearsagois certainlynolongertruenowinanumberofcountriespeoplepayasmuchfor waterintheirhomesastheydoforelectricity.??Likehealthwe ignorewaterwhenwehaveit—unlesstherearefloodsofcourse.Oncethereis athreattoourwatersupplyhoweverwatercanquicklybecometheonlything thatmatters.Weknowonlytoowellthatwithoutwatertherecanbeno life.??Thesituationisnowbecomingsobadthatenvironmentalist feelitmaybenecessarytoshocktheworldintosavingwaterinasimilarway totheshockcausedbytheoilcrisesinthe1970s.??Atthat timetheoilcrisisbecamesuchaseriousthreattothelivesofeveryonein thedevelopedcountriesthatitmadepeopleconsciousoftheimportanceof savingoilandprovidedpowerfulencouragementforgovernmentstolookforother formsofenergy.??Theresultundoubtedlywasofmajorbenefitto energyconservation.??Thereisnownolongerandunlimitedsupply offreshwater.About97percentoftheplanet’swaterisseawater.Another2 percentislockedinicecapsandglaciers.Therearealsoreservesoffresh waterundertheearth’ssurfacebutthesearetoodeepforustouse economically.??Unfortunatelycompetitionisgrowingfiercelyfor whatlittlewaterisavailable.Itmaybeamatteroftimebeforethat competitionbecomesaconflict.??Tomakemattersworsethe world’spopulationisincreasingsorapidlythatitisexpectedtogrowtoabout 8billionin30years—anincreaseof60percent.??Moreoverin manydevelopedcountriesthroughoutthewouldflushlavatoriesandwashing machinesmeantheaveragepersonnowuses300litresofwateradaycompared with50atthebeginningofthecentury.??Attheotherextreme accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationonequ0rteroftheworld’s populationstilllackssafedrinkingwaterandpropersanitation.Mostlivein thesouthernhemispherewheresuppliesoffreshwaterareputinjeopardy throughdirtyindustrialpracticespoorirrigationanderosion.? ?Thesocialstabilityoftheworldisnolongerthreatenedbyglobalwars theColdWar...Howeverthesupplyofwatercouldsoonbecomethechief threattosuchstability.Thereisalreadyevidenceofthishappening especiallyinAfrica.??RecentlytheEgyptianGovernment threatened’todestroyanydamsbuiltontheNileiftheyconsideredthedams wouldaffecttheirsupplyoffreshwater.??Whatisrequired immediatelyisanawarenessofthetruevalueofwaterandtheformationof sensiblewaterconservationstrategies.??Itisalsoofvital importancetohaveaconsensusonhowbesttousesharedWaterresourcesforthe benefitofallthecountriesintheworldaswellasanexaminationofthebest methodsforthedistributionoftheworld’s water.Whichofthefollowingiscitedbytheauthorastheplacewheresupplyofwaterismostlikelytothreatensocialstability?
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
{{*HTML*}} ?????????? ???????{{B}}TheMirSpace Station{{/B}}??TheRussianMirSpaceStationwhichcamedownin 2001atlastafter15yearsofpioneeringtheconceptoflong-termhumanspace flightisrememberedforitsaccomplishmentsinthehumanspaceflighthistory. Itcanbecreditedwithmanyfirstsinspace.??DuringMir’s lifetimeRussiaspentaboutUSS4.2billiontobuildandmaintainthe station.??TheSovietUnionlaunchedMirwhichwasdesignedto lastfromthreetofiveyearsonFebruary201986andhoused104astronauts over12yearsandsevenmonthsmostofwhomwerenotRussian.Infactit becamethefirstinternationalspacestationbyplayinghostto62peoplefrom 11countries.From1995through1998sevenastronautsfromtheUnitedStates tookturnslivingonMirforuptosixmonthseach.Theywereamongthe37 Americanswhovisitedthestationduringninestopoversbyspace shuttles.??Themorethan400milliontheUnitedStatesprovided RussianforthevisitsnotonlykeptMiroperatingbutalsogavetheAmericans andtheirpartnersintheinternationalstationprojectvaluableexperiencein long-termflightandmultinationaloperations.??Adebate continuesoverMir’scontributionstoscience.DuringitsexistenceMirwasthe laboratoryfor23000experimentsandcarriedscientificequipmentestimatedto beworth$80millionfrommanynations.ExperimentsonMirarecreditedwitha rangeoffindingsfromthefirstsolidmeasurementoftherationofheavy heliumatomsinspacetohowtogrowwheatinspace.Butforthosefavoring humanspaceexplorationMirshowedthatpeoplecouldliveandworkinspace longenoughforatriptoMars.Thelongestsinglestayinspaceisthe437.7 daysthatRussianastronautValeryPolyakovspentonMirfrom1994to1995.And SergieAvdeyevaccumulated747.6daysinspaceinthreetripstothespace station.ThelongestAmericanstaywasthatofShannonLucidwhospent188days aboardMirin1996.??DespitethemanyfirstsMiraccomplished 1997wasabadyearoutof15forMir.In1997anoxygengenerator’caught fire.Laterthemaincomputersystembrokedowncausingthestationtodrift severaltimesandtherewerepowerfailures.??Mostofthese problemswererepairedwithAmericanhelpandsuppliersbutMir’sreputation asaspacestationwasmined.??Mir’ssetbacksarenothing thoughwhenwecomparethemwithitsaccomplishments.Mirwasatremendous successwhichwillberememberedasamilestoneinspaceexplorationandthe spacestationthatshowedlong-termhumanhabitationinspacewaspossible.But it’stimetomoveontothenextgeneration.TheInternationalSpaceStation beingbuiltwillbebetterbutitowesagreatdebttoMir.Paragraph4______
Cancer ThepopularTVvariety-showhostwasgrimbutcalm.Hefacedthecamerasandsaidbluntly:Ihavecancer. MasatakaItsumi’’sdisclosuremaybethelatestsignthattheshameassociatedwithcancerisfinallybreakingdowninacountrywhereunliketheUnitedSatesthetopichastraditionallybeentaboo. Canceristhecountry’’sNo.1killerchainingmorethan230000livesayear.Despitethenumberofpeopleaffectedthesubjecthaslongbeenconcealedinsecrecyandsilence. AsaruleJapanesearereluctanttotellanyoneotherthanfamilyiftheyhavecancer.Anddoctorsoftenlietopatientsaboutacancerdiagnosisfearingtheywouldbedepressedandweakenedbythetruth.Pollsindicatethatmostpeoplewouldprefertobetoldiftheyhavecancer.Buthealthauthoritieshaveestimatedasfewasoneinfivecancerpatientsisgivenatruthfuldiagnosis.Thepatientisveryafraidtohearofhavingcancersomanydoctorsjustdon’ttellsaidonedoctor.Butifwedon’ttellthetruthit’’sbadfortherelationshipbetweendoctorandpatient.SoIthinkthisisbeginningtochange.HesaidhebelievedtheintensepublicinterestintheItsumicasereflectedpent-upcuriosityandconcernaboutthesubject. Thereareothersignsofgreateropennessinconfrontingcancer.Supportgroupsforcancervictimsonceunknownhavesprungup.Theplotofarecentfilmrevolvedaroundamanwithcancer.Anunusuallypowerfultelevisionadvertisementappealingforbone-marrowdonationsfeaturesayoungwomanwhohassincediedofleukemia. Butsecrecyaboutcancerisstillcommon.InJapanseriousillnessisconsideredembarrassing.Peopleworryaboutcausingsufferingandexpensefortheirfamiliesordiscomfortingtheircolleagues.Itsumiinfactbeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizing. Otherfactorscontributetothetabooontalkaboutcancer.Thereisaculturaltendencytowardrestraintondiscussingpersonalmattersandstoicisminfacingproblems.Evenifpatientssensesomethingisverywrongdespiteagooddiagnosismostdonotpresstheirdoctorsorseekasecondopinion.Doctorsaregranteddeeprespectinasocietythatdiscouragesquestioningauthority. MasatakaItsumibeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizingbecause______.
Themost{{U}}crucial{{/U}}problemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarceresources.
Ifelt{{U}}impelled{{/U}}totellthetruth.
Ifyouwantmyadviceyoushould{{U}}revise{{/U}}yourplanforthetriptoBeijing.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
{{*HTML*}} ??????? ?????????{{B}}Whatis Market?{{/B}}??Thewordmarketisusedinanumberofways.There isastockmarketandautomobilemarketaretailmarketforfurnitureanda wholesalemarketforfurniture.Onepersonmaybegoingtothemarket;another mayplantomarketaproduct.Whatthenisamarket?Amarketmaybedefinedas aplacewherebuyersandsellersmeetgoodsorservicesareofferedforsale andtransfersofownershipoccur.Amarketmayalsobedefinedasthedemand madebyacertaingroupofpotentialbuyersforagoodorservice.Forinstance thereisafarmmarketforpetroleumproducts.Thetermsmarketanddemandare oftenusedinterchangeably;theymayalsobeusedjointlyasmarket demand.??Thesedefinitionsarenotsufficientlyprecisetobe usefultoushere.Forbusinesspurposeswedefineamarketaspeopleor organizationswithwantsneedstosatisfymoneytospendandthewillingness tospendit.Thusinthemarketdemandforanygivenproductorservicethere arethreefactorstoconsider—peopleororganizationswithwantsneeds theirpurchasingpowerandtheirbuyingbehavior.??Weshall employthedictionarydefinitionofneeds:thelackofanythingthatis requireddesiredoruseful.Wedonotlimitneedstothenarrowphysiological requirementsoffoodclothingandshelteressentialforsurvival.Inour discussionthewordsandwantsareusedsynonymouslyandinterchangeably.Ina strictinterpretationhoweverneedswouldrefertosuchbasicphysiological requirementsasfoodclothingandshelterwhilewantswouldbesuchbasic preferences.Howeverinouraffluentsocietylittleistobegainedbytrying todifferentiatebetweenthetwo.Manyofuswouldseeasneedssomeitemsthat arefarbeyondfoodclothingandshelter.Sellerspreferthetermmarketwhilebuyerspreferdemand.
{{*HTML*}} ?????????? ???????{{B}}TheMirSpace Station{{/B}}??TheRussianMirSpaceStationwhichcamedownin 2001atlastafter15yearsofpioneeringtheconceptoflong-termhumanspace flightisrememberedforitsaccomplishmentsinthehumanspaceflighthistory. Itcanbecreditedwithmanyfirstsinspace.??DuringMir’s lifetimeRussiaspentaboutUSS4.2billiontobuildandmaintainthe station.??TheSovietUnionlaunchedMirwhichwasdesignedto lastfromthreetofiveyearsonFebruary201986andhoused104astronauts over12yearsandsevenmonthsmostofwhomwerenotRussian.Infactit becamethefirstinternationalspacestationbyplayinghostto62peoplefrom 11countries.From1995through1998sevenastronautsfromtheUnitedStates tookturnslivingonMirforuptosixmonthseach.Theywereamongthe37 Americanswhovisitedthestationduringninestopoversbyspace shuttles.??Themorethan400milliontheUnitedStatesprovided RussianforthevisitsnotonlykeptMiroperatingbutalsogavetheAmericans andtheirpartnersintheinternationalstationprojectvaluableexperiencein long-termflightandmultinationaloperations.??Adebate continuesoverMir’scontributionstoscience.DuringitsexistenceMirwasthe laboratoryfor23000experimentsandcarriedscientificequipmentestimatedto beworth$80millionfrommanynations.ExperimentsonMirarecreditedwitha rangeoffindingsfromthefirstsolidmeasurementoftherationofheavy heliumatomsinspacetohowtogrowwheatinspace.Butforthosefavoring humanspaceexplorationMirshowedthatpeoplecouldliveandworkinspace longenoughforatriptoMars.Thelongestsinglestayinspaceisthe437.7 daysthatRussianastronautValeryPolyakovspentonMirfrom1994to1995.And SergieAvdeyevaccumulated747.6daysinspaceinthreetripstothespace station.ThelongestAmericanstaywasthatofShannonLucidwhospent188days aboardMirin1996.??DespitethemanyfirstsMiraccomplished 1997wasabadyearoutof15forMir.In1997anoxygengenerator’caught fire.Laterthemaincomputersystembrokedowncausingthestationtodrift severaltimesandtherewerepowerfailures.??Mostofthese problemswererepairedwithAmericanhelpandsuppliersbutMir’sreputation asaspacestationwasmined.??Mir’ssetbacksarenothing thoughwhenwecomparethemwithitsaccomplishments.Mirwasatremendous successwhichwillberememberedasamilestoneinspaceexplorationandthe spacestationthatshowedlong-termhumanhabitationinspacewaspossible.But it’stimetomoveontothenextgeneration.TheInternationalSpaceStation beingbuiltwillbebetterbutitowesagreatdebttoMir.WhenwethinkofMirintermsofitsachievementsitssetbacksare______.
Hishealthhad{{U}}deteriorated{{/U}}whilehewasinprison.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????{{B}}Space-AgeArcheology{{/B}}? ?It’sastrangepartnershipbutaveryeffectiveone:Satellitesand space-shuttle-carriedradararehelpingarcheologists.How?Byseeingthrough sandorthroughtreetopstolocateimportantarcheologicalsites.? ?Thetraditionaltoolsforarcheologistsareshovelsandpicks.Buthigh technologyismakingthearcheologist’sworkandtimefarmore productive.??Takeforexamplethesecond1981flightofthe SpaceShuttleChallenger.Duringthemissionapowerfulexperimentalradarwas pointedatalifelessstretchofdesertinEgyptcalledtheSelimaSandSheet partoftheSaharaDesert.Toeveryone’ssurprisetheradarpenetrated throughthesandtotheharderrockbeneath.Onthesurfacethereisalittle indicationthatAfrica’sSaharaDesertwasneveranythingbutadesert.Whenthe archeologistsstudiedtheradarimagestheysawwhatseemedtobeimpossible: therewassand-buriedlandscapethatwasshapedbyflowingwater;tracesof ancientriverbedsappearedtobeoverninemileswidefarwiderthanmost sectionsofthepresent-dayNileRiver.Todaytheareaisoneofthehottest driestdesertintheworld.??Archeologistsdugpitsalongtheold riverbanksandfoundcluestothepast:stream-roundedpebbles鹅卵石Stone-Age axesbrokenostrich鸵鸟eggshellsandtheshellsoflandsnails.The archeologistswerequitepleasedwiththesefindings.Foryearsthey’dbeen findingstoneaxesscatteredthroughthedesertandcouldn’tunderstandwhy. Nowweknowthatearlyhumanswerelivingonthebanksofoldriversandleft theirbeautifultoolsbehind.Somearesosharpthatyoucouldshavewith them.??MorerecentlyLandsat4aSpecialearth-mapping satelliteaidedinthediscoveryofancientMayanruinsinMexico.Lansatcan withthehelpoffalse-colorimageryseethroughmuchofthearea.Armedwith thesemapsafive-personexpeditiontooktotheairinahelicopter.? ?Bytheendoftheseconddaytheteamfoundastretchofwalledfields thatexpeditionmemberssaidlooklike’oldNewEnglandfences.Theyjustgo onnon-stopfor40miles.Laterintheweekanancientvillagewas pinpointedaswasthelostcityofOxpemuloncefoundintheearly1930’s butquicklyreclaimedbythejungle.Thefindingsmadethemabletomapthe extentoftheMayancivilizationinaboutfivedays.Workingonfootitwould havetakenatleast100years.Withthehelpofthespace-shuttlecardedradararcheologistsfound______.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
Cancer ThepopularTVvariety-showhostwasgrimbutcalm.Hefacedthecamerasandsaidbluntly:Ihavecancer. MasatakaItsumi’’sdisclosuremaybethelatestsignthattheshameassociatedwithcancerisfinallybreakingdowninacountrywhereunliketheUnitedSatesthetopichastraditionallybeentaboo. Canceristhecountry’’sNo.1killerchainingmorethan230000livesayear.Despitethenumberofpeopleaffectedthesubjecthaslongbeenconcealedinsecrecyandsilence. AsaruleJapanesearereluctanttotellanyoneotherthanfamilyiftheyhavecancer.Anddoctorsoftenlietopatientsaboutacancerdiagnosisfearingtheywouldbedepressedandweakenedbythetruth.Pollsindicatethatmostpeoplewouldprefertobetoldiftheyhavecancer.Buthealthauthoritieshaveestimatedasfewasoneinfivecancerpatientsisgivenatruthfuldiagnosis.Thepatientisveryafraidtohearofhavingcancersomanydoctorsjustdon’ttellsaidonedoctor.Butifwedon’ttellthetruthit’’sbadfortherelationshipbetweendoctorandpatient.SoIthinkthisisbeginningtochange.HesaidhebelievedtheintensepublicinterestintheItsumicasereflectedpent-upcuriosityandconcernaboutthesubject. Thereareothersignsofgreateropennessinconfrontingcancer.Supportgroupsforcancervictimsonceunknownhavesprungup.Theplotofarecentfilmrevolvedaroundamanwithcancer.Anunusuallypowerfultelevisionadvertisementappealingforbone-marrowdonationsfeaturesayoungwomanwhohassincediedofleukemia. Butsecrecyaboutcancerisstillcommon.InJapanseriousillnessisconsideredembarrassing.Peopleworryaboutcausingsufferingandexpensefortheirfamiliesordiscomfortingtheircolleagues.Itsumiinfactbeganhisnewsconferencebyapologizing. Otherfactorscontributetothetabooontalkaboutcancer.Thereisaculturaltendencytowardrestraintondiscussingpersonalmattersandstoicisminfacingproblems.Evenifpatientssensesomethingisverywrongdespiteagooddiagnosismostdonotpresstheirdoctorsorseekasecondopinion.Doctorsaregranteddeeprespectinasocietythatdiscouragesquestioningauthority. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftheJapanese?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ?????{{B}}EffectsofEnvironmental Pollution{{/B}}??Scientistswatchedcloselylastspringasahaze ofpollutionwhichhadbeentrackedbysatelliteasitcrossedthePacific OceansettledoveralargeswathofNorthAmericafromCalgaryCanadainto Arizona.Nowitappearsthatforthefirsttime.researchersonbothsidesof thePacifictookdetailedmeasurementsofthesameplumeacloudthatcontained Gobidesertdustaswellashydrocarbonsfromindustrialpollution.? ?HeatherPriceaUniversityofWashingtondoctoralstudentinchemistry foundthattheamountoflightreflectedbytheparticlesintheairwasmore than550percentgreaterthannormalforthattimeofyear.ThemassofAsian air4containedelevatedlevelsofallpollutantsmeasured.Pricesaidbutthe onlythingthatcameclosetobeingalarmingwasthelevelofparticulate matte.??Thehazethatsettledacrossthewesternpartofthe countrywaswidelyreportedbythenewsmediaanditwasmeasuredasfarinland astheskislopesofAspenColo.??Readingsonthewesternside ofthePacificcamefromtheAerosolCharacterizationExperimentsaproject aimedatunderstandinghowparticlesintheatmosphereaffectEarth’sclimate. Additionalmeasurementsweretakeninthesameregionatthesametimeundera projectsponsoredbytheNationalAeronauticsandSpace Administration.??KnowingthepollutionwasapproachingWashington statePriceloadedsensingequipmentaboardarentedBeechcraftonApril14and flewtoNeahBayonthestate’sNorthwestcoast.Takingsamplesatvarious levelsfrom15000feetto20000feetinaltitudeshemonitoredquantities ofdustozonecarbonmonoxideandhydrocarbons.Frommycopilot’sseatthe dustwasthickenoughtoseewiththenakedeye.Pricesaid.? ?Nowshe’stryingtocorrelateherfindingswiththoseofthetworesearch teamsoperatingontheothersideofthePacificwhereatonepointthe pollutionplumewaslargerthanJapan.Thehugesizeofthecloudshowedup clearlyinsatelliteimagesthatgavePriceplentyofwarningthehazewason itsway.YoucanseethesetwoblobscomingoutofthedesertsofMongoliaand growingoverAsiathengettingsweptoutovertheoceanandfinallysetting overNorthAmericashesaid.Sheintendstocontinuemeasuringairsamplesoff theWashingtoncoastandwillbelookingforairmasseswithevidenceof pollutionoriginatingsomewhereotherthanAsia.We’dliketoseeifwecanget asignatureofpollutioncomingfromEuropebecausecomputermodelssuggestthat EuropeansourcesalsocanbetransportedacrossthePacificshesaid. HoweverweexpectthatsourcesinEuropewillcontributelessthanAsian sources.??hazen.霾烟雾??plumen.羽状物? ?pollutantn.污染物??particulaten.微粒颗粒? ?carbonmonoxide一氧化碳??copilotn.飞机副驾驶员? ?blobn.粘乎乎的一团黑糊糊的一堆Whichofthestatementsisclosestinmeaningtothesentence...weexpectthatsourcesinEuropewillcontributelessthanAsiansources?
Howcanwe{{U}}reduce{{/U}}theriskofcancer?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ?????{{B}}EffectsofEnvironmental Pollution{{/B}}??Scientistswatchedcloselylastspringasahaze ofpollutionwhichhadbeentrackedbysatelliteasitcrossedthePacific OceansettledoveralargeswathofNorthAmericafromCalgaryCanadainto Arizona.Nowitappearsthatforthefirsttime.researchersonbothsidesof thePacifictookdetailedmeasurementsofthesameplumeacloudthatcontained Gobidesertdustaswellashydrocarbonsfromindustrialpollution.? ?HeatherPriceaUniversityofWashingtondoctoralstudentinchemistry foundthattheamountoflightreflectedbytheparticlesintheairwasmore than550percentgreaterthannormalforthattimeofyear.ThemassofAsian air4containedelevatedlevelsofallpollutantsmeasured.Pricesaidbutthe onlythingthatcameclosetobeingalarmingwasthelevelofparticulate matte.??Thehazethatsettledacrossthewesternpartofthe countrywaswidelyreportedbythenewsmediaanditwasmeasuredasfarinland astheskislopesofAspenColo.??Readingsonthewesternside ofthePacificcamefromtheAerosolCharacterizationExperimentsaproject aimedatunderstandinghowparticlesintheatmosphereaffectEarth’sclimate. Additionalmeasurementsweretakeninthesameregionatthesametimeundera projectsponsoredbytheNationalAeronauticsandSpace Administration.??KnowingthepollutionwasapproachingWashington statePriceloadedsensingequipmentaboardarentedBeechcraftonApril14and flewtoNeahBayonthestate’sNorthwestcoast.Takingsamplesatvarious levelsfrom15000feetto20000feetinaltitudeshemonitoredquantities ofdustozonecarbonmonoxideandhydrocarbons.Frommycopilot’sseatthe dustwasthickenoughtoseewiththenakedeye.Pricesaid.? ?Nowshe’stryingtocorrelateherfindingswiththoseofthetworesearch teamsoperatingontheothersideofthePacificwhereatonepointthe pollutionplumewaslargerthanJapan.Thehugesizeofthecloudshowedup clearlyinsatelliteimagesthatgavePriceplentyofwarningthehazewason itsway.YoucanseethesetwoblobscomingoutofthedesertsofMongoliaand growingoverAsiathengettingsweptoutovertheoceanandfinallysetting overNorthAmericashesaid.Sheintendstocontinuemeasuringairsamplesoff theWashingtoncoastandwillbelookingforairmasseswithevidenceof pollutionoriginatingsomewhereotherthanAsia.We’dliketoseeifwecanget asignatureofpollutioncomingfromEuropebecausecomputermodelssuggestthat EuropeansourcesalsocanbetransportedacrossthePacificshesaid. HoweverweexpectthatsourcesinEuropewillcontributelessthanAsian sources.??hazen.霾烟雾??plumen.羽状物? ?pollutantn.污染物??particulaten.微粒颗粒? ?carbonmonoxide一氧化碳??copilotn.飞机副驾驶员? ?blobn.粘乎乎的一团黑糊糊的一堆WhatdidPricenotdoduringherresearch?
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
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