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To get a chocolate out of a box requires a lot of unpacking: the box has to be taken out of the pa...
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高中英语《天津市2014高考英语阅读理解训练之五（含解析）》真题及答案
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Beets甜菜areatastyrootvegetablethatdonotrequiremuchworkinthegarden.PeoplemightthinkbeetsarealwaysdarkreD.Buttheycanalsobepinkyelloworwhite.BeetswithcirclesofredandwhiteinsideareknownascandycanE.Beetscanbeeatenfreshorfrozencannedorpickled腌制.Andnotjusttherootbutalsothetopscanbeeaten.Theleavesmakegoodsaladswhentheplantsareyoungandthegreenscanbecookedwhentheplantsareolder.BeetslikecooltemperaturesbetweensixteenandeighteendegreesCelsius.Theygrowbestinfullsunandinloosesoilthatisnottoowet.Removestonesfromthesoilwhilepreparingtheground.Andtestthesoilbeforeaddingfertilizer.Someexpertssaythebestfertilizersforbeetsarelowinnitrogen氮.Beetseedscanbeplantedassoonasthesoilisabletobeworkedatthestartofthegrowingseason.Plantingthemeverytwotothreeweekswillprovideacontinuousharvestintothefall.Abeetseedisafruitcontainingseveralseeds.Overcrowdingtheplantswillmeanthattherootscannotspreadoutandgrow.Thinthebetsbyremovingthesmallerones.Thesecanbeusedasgreens.CindyHaynessayslittleornofertilizerisneededinfertilesoils.Butoncetheseedsareplantedshedoessuggestcoveringthesoilwithalittlemulch覆盖层toprotectitduringrainsanddryperiods.Shealsosuggestsputtingafencearoundtheplantstokeepawayrabbitsanddeer.Shesaystheonlyworkneededoncebeetshavebeenthinnedisweedingandwhentheweatherisdryaweeklywatering.Forbestresultsbeetsshouldbepickedwhentheyarefourtofivecentimetersacross.Beetsmuchlargerthanthatcanbetoughandhavetobecookedforalongtime.21.Whichkindofbeetsmaypeopleoftenseen?A.DarkredB.PinkC.YellowD.White22.Whatpartofbeetsmakesgoodsalads?A.Theroot.B.Theflower.C.Theseed.D.Theleaves.23.Whatistherightorderofthestepstoplantbeets?A.testingthesoilB.coveringwithmulchC.plantingseedsD.removingstonesE.addingfertilizerA.deacbB.adbceC.adcebD.daecb24.What’sthepurposeofthispassage?A.Toshowpeopletheadvantagesofbeets.B.Toattractpeopletoeatbeets.C.Totellpeoplehowtoplantbeets.D.Tostresswhentoharvestbeets.
Batteriescanpoweranythingfromsmallsensorstolargesystems.Whilescientistsarefindingwaystomakethemsmallerbutevenmorepowerfulproblemscanarisewhenthesebatteriesaremuchlargerandheavierthanthedevicesthemselves.UniversityofMissouriMUresearchersaredevelopinganuclearenergysourcethatissmallerlighterandmoreefficient.Toprovideenoughpowerweneedcertainmethodswithhighenergydensity密度saidJaeKwonassistantprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatMU.Theradioisotope放射性同位素batterycanprovidepowerdensitythatismuchhigherthanchemicalbatteries.Kwonandhisresearchteamhavebeenworkingonbuildingasmallnuclearbatterypresentlythesizeandthicknessofapennyintendedtopowervariousmicro/nanoelectromechanrealsystemsM/NEMS.AlthoughnuclearbatteriescancauseconcernsKwonsaidtheyaresafE.Peopleheartheword‘nuclear’andthinkofsomethingverydangeroushesaidHowevernuclearpowersourceshavealreadybeensafelypoweringavarietyofdevicessuchaspace-makersspacesatellitesandunderwatersystems.Hisnewideaisnotonlyinthebattery’ssizebutalsoinitssemiconductor半导体.Kwon’sbatteryusesaliquidsemiconductorratherthanasolidsemiconductor.Thekeypartofusingaradioactivebatteryisthatwhenyouharvesttheenergypartoftheradiationenergycandamagethelatticestructure晶体结构ofthesolidsemiconductorKwonsaidByusingaliquidsemiconductorwebelievewecanminimizethatproblem.TogetherwithJ.DavidRobertsonchemistryprofessorandassociatedirectoroftheMUResearchReactorKwonisworkingtobuildandtestthebattery.Inthefuturetheyhopetoincreasethebattery’spowershrinkitssizeandtrywithvariousothermaterials.Kwonsaidthatbatterycouldbethinnerthanthethicknessofhumanhair.36.WhichofthefollowingistrueofJaeKwon?A.HeteacheschemistryatMU.B.Hedevelopedachemicalbattery.C.HeisworkingonanuclearenergysourcE.D.Hemadeabreakthroughincomputerengineering.37.JaeKwongaveexamplesinParagraph4_________.A.toshowchemicalbatteriesarewidelyapplieD.B.tointroducenuclearbatteriescanbesafelyuseD.C.todescribeanuclear-poweredsystem.D.tointroducevariousenergysources.38.Liquidsemiconductorisusedto_________.A.getridoftheradioactivewasteB.testthepowerofnuclearbatteries.C.decreasethesizeofnuclearbatteriesD.reducethedamagetolatticestructurE.39.AccordingtoJaeKwonhisnuclearbattery_______.A.usesasolidsemiconductorB.willsoonreplacethepresentones.C.couldbeextremelythinD.haspassedthefinaltest.40.Thetextismostprobablya________.A.sciencenewsreportB.bookreviewC.newspaperadD.sciencefictionstory
TheManofManySecrets—HarryHoudini—wasoneofthegreatestAmericanentertainersinthetheaterthiscentury.Hewasamanfamousforhisescapes—fromprisoncellsfromwoodenboxesfloatinginriversfromlockedtanksfullofwater.HeappearedintheatersalloverEuropeandAmericA.CrowdscametoseethegreatHoudiniandhismagictricks.Ofcoursehissecretwasnotmagicorsupernaturalpowers.Itwassimplystrength.Hehadtheabilitytomovehistoesaswellashemovedhisfingers.HecouldmovehisbodyintoalmostanypositionhewanteD.Houdinistartedworkingintheentertainmentworldwhenhewas17in1891.HeandhisbrotherTheoperformedcardtricksinclubinNewYork.TheycalledthemselvestheHoudiniBrothers.WhenHarrymarriedin1894heandhiswifeBessworkedtogetherasmagicianandassistant.Butforalongtimetheywerenotverysuccessful.ThenHarryperformedhisfirstprisonescapeinChicagoin1898.Harrypersuadedadetectivetolethimtrytoescapefromtheprisonandheinvitedthelocalnewspapermentowatch.ItwasthepublicitythatcamefromthisthatstartedHarryHoudini’ssuccess.Harryhadfingerstrainedtoescapefromhandcuffsandtoestrainedtoescapeanklechins.Buthisbiggestsecretwashowheunlockedtheprisondoors.EverytimehewentintotheprisoncellBessgavehimakissforgoodluck—andasmallskeletonkeywhichisakeythatfitsmanylockspassquicklyfromhermouthtohis.HarryusedtheseprisonescapestobuildhisfamE.HearrangedtoescapefromthelocalprisonofeverytownhevisiteD.Intheafternoonthepeopleofthetownwouldreadaboutitintheirlocalnewspapersandintheeveningeveryseatinthelocaltheaterwouldbefull.Whatwastheresult?World-widefameandanamerememberedtoday.21.AccordingtothepassageHoudini’ssuccessinprisonescapesdependson_______.A.hisspecialtricksandsupernaturalpowersB.hisunusualabilityandaskeletonkeyC.hismagictricksandunhumanpowersD.hiswisdomandmagictricks22.Inthefourthparagraphtheunderlinedwordthisrefersto_______.A.hisfirstprisonescapeB.theyear1898C.thepublicityD.HarryHoudini’ssuccess23.FromthepassagewecaninferthatHoudinibecamefamous_______.A.in1894B.beforehemarriedC.attheageof17D.whenhewasabout2424.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.A.SkeletonKeyB.A.ManofManySecretsC.World-wideFameD.GreatEscape
Telepathy:Mind-to-mindContactTelepathyistheabilitytocommunicatewithouttheuseofthefivesensessighthearingtouchsmelltaste.It’saninstinct本能whichcanbewokenupintimesofemergencyorneeD.Whenwefeelthatsomethingishappeningorabouttohappenbyinstinctwe’reusingresourceswithintheunconsciousminD.Whentheresourcesoftwopersons’unconsciousmindslinktogetherintothesamefrequencywecallitTelepathy.WecaneithersendorreceiveTelepathy.Ifyouknowwhoiscallingbeforeyouanswertheringingphoneyouareprobablyagoodreceiver.Ifyouthinkofapersonandhe/shecallsyouyouaremostlikelytobebetteratsending.Youcaneasilyputyourabilitiestothetest.Thinkofsomebodyandwillhimorhertocontactyou.Bepatient.TheotherpersonmaynotbeagoodreceiverbuttheyshouldcontactyoumuchearlierthanwouldnormallybeexpecteD.Orwheneverthephonesringsbuttryfeelingwhoiscontactingyou.Don’tguessbuttrytofeelitwithyourminD.Howeverifneitheroftheseworkforyouthatdoesn’tmeanthatyouhavenoabilityoftelepathy.Asmentionedearliertelepathyismostlikelytoturnupincaseofemergency.Telepathydreamsoftencontaintelepathicmessages.Twopeoplemaybothdreamoftheotherandfindthattheirdreamshadaclearconnection.Thesepeopleareprobablylinkingtoeachother’sunconsciousminD.Telepathy&Relationships.Themorepeoplespendtimetogetherthemorelikelytheyaretobeabletolinkuptotheother’smindespeciallywhenseparateD.Therearetworeasonsforthis.Oneisthattheyunderstandtheother’smindthroughtimespenttogether;theotheristhatthereisusuallyastrongdesiretocommunicatE.A.motherwilloftensensethatherchildisindanger.Thisisduetothechild’seagerlywantinghisorhermotherknowingthatthispersonwhowouldalwayswanttobethereforthemandthemother’sdeepdesiretoprotectherchildfromharm.29.Telepathyturnsupwhenwe____.A.thinkofastrangerB.usethefivesensestogetherC.recallthingsfromourmemoryD.senseaclosefriendindanger30.You’rebetteratsendingthanreceivingTelepathyifyou____.A.cantellwhoknocksatyourdoorB.canfeelyourmomisindangerC.receiveafriend’scallasyouwishD.dreamofafrienddreamingofyou31.WhichisnotthewaytohelppeoplegainTelepathy?A.HelpthemhaveastrongdesiretocommunicatE.B.SeparatethemallthetimE.C.Helpthemlinkuptheirunconsciousminds.D.Letthemspendmuchtimetogether.
Elderlyadultswhoregularlydrinkgreenteamaystaymoreagile敏捷的andindependentthantheirpeersovertimeaccordingtoaJapanesestudythatcoveredthousandsofpeoplE.Greenteacontainsantioxidantchemicals抗氧化化学物质thatmayhelpstopthecelldamagethatcanleadtodiseasE.Researchershavebeenstudyinggreentea'seffectoneverythingfromcholesterol胆固醇totheriskofcertaincancerswithmixedresultssofar.Theyfoundthosewhodrankthemostgreenteaweretheleastlikelytodevelopfunctionaldisabilityorproblemswithdailyactivitiesorbasicneedssuchasdressingorbathing.Specificallyalmost13percentofadultswhodranklessthanacupofgreenteaperdaybecamefunctionallydisabledcomparedwithjustover7percentofpeoplewhodrankatleastfivecupsaday.Thestudydidnotprovethatgreenteaalonekeptpeopleagileastheygrewolder.Greentealoversgenerallyhadhealthierdietsincludingmorefishvegetablesandfruitaswellasmoreeducationlowersmokingratesfewerheartattacksandstrokesandgreatermentalsharpness.Theyalsotendedtobemoresociallyactiveandhavemorefriendsandfamilytorelyon.Butevenwiththosefactorsaccountedforgreenteaitselfwastiedtoatowerdisabilityriskthere-searcherssaiD.Peoplewhodrankatleastfivecupsadaywereone-thirdlesslikelytodevelopdisabilitiesthanthosewhohadlessthanacupperday.Thosepeoplewhoaveragedthreeorfourcupsadayhada25percentlowerrisk.Althoughit'snotclearhowgreenteamightofferabuffer缓冲againstdisabilitiesleadresearcherYasutakeTomatadidnotethatonerecentstudyfoundgreenteaextracts提取物seemtoincreaselegmusclestrengthinolderwomen.WhilegreenteaanditsextractsareconsideredsafeinsmallamountstheydocontaincaffeineandsmallamountsofvitaminKwhichmeansitcouldaffectdrugsthatpreventbloodclotting凝固.71.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordpeersmeaninthefirstparagraph?A.PeopleofthesameagE.B.Brothers.C.Fathers.D.PeoplelivinginthesameneighborhooD.72.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Functionaldisabilityisrelatedtoproblemswithdailyactivitiesorbasicneeds.B.Thosewhooftendrinkgreenteacan'tdevelopfunctionaldisability.C.AntioxidantchemicalscanleadtodiseasE.D.PeoplewhodrinkatleastfivecupsadayarenotlikelytobecomefunctionallydisableD.73.What.doesthefifthparagraphmainlytellus?A.WhygreentealoverscankeepagileB.HowthestudywasproveD.C.WhathealthierdietsincludE.D.Howtolowerthedisabilityrisk.74.WhathastheresearcherYasutakeTomatadiscovered?A.Thosewhodrankgreenteacan'tdevelopfunctionaldisability.B.Greenteaalonekeptpeopleagileastheygrewolder.C.Greenteaextractsseemtoincreaselegmusclestrengthinolderwomen.D.Howgreenteamightofferabufferagainstdisabilities.75.FromthepassagewecaninferthatA.vitaminKiscontainedincaffeineB.vitaminKhasinfluenceonsomedrugsC.vitaminKisbadforourhealthD.vitaminKisgoodforourblood
Worriedabouthowmanycaloriesyouwillgetinthatpieceofpizzachocolatecakeorbagofchips?A.newiPhoneapplication应用程序MealSnapmayhelp.Usersjustneedtotakeapictureofthemealwiththephoneanditwillgiveacalorieread-outalmostimmediately.MealSnapwasdevelopedbyDailyBurnahealthsocialnetworkthatfocusesonhelpingitsusersleadhealthierlifestyles.Ithascreatedseveralotherhealthanddiet-relatediPhoneapplications.Theapplicationgivesusersaquickreply.Todothatitmatchesthetakenpicturetoadatabank数据库withthecalorieinformationofnearly500000kindsoffooD.UsersthengettherangeofcaloriesforthemealthatisphotographeD.Westartedwithsomethingsimple—anapplE.A.coupleofminuteslatertheapplicationrepliedthatitwasanappleandbetween64and96calories.Moreimpressivewasthereplywereceivedaftersendingaphotoofamixedsaladbowl.MealSnaprepliedthatthebowlcontainedyellowricewithcornboiledeggsandbeansandthatthefoodwasbetween532and789calories.Mr.SmithdirectorofDailyBurnsaidthatusualcaloriecountingneededalongtimebutthattheapplicationmadeiteasiertoknowthecaloriesinfooD.Thatiswhyitissopopularamongthosewhoaretryinghardtoloseweight.InadditionMealSnapcanactasafooddiary.Noneedtowritedownwhatthey’veeatenthephotoeswillbestoreD.Theuserscankeepavisuallog视觉的记录.Mr.Smithsaidit’slikeafoodjourneybuteasier.AllyoudoistotakethepicturE.Thesimpleactofrecordingsomethingcancauseapsychological心理的changethatcanhelppeopleontheirhealthjourney.KnowingthecalorierangemakesmethinkmoreaboutwhatI.’meating.68.ThepurposeofDailyBurnisto________.A.helppeoplefindwaystoloseweightB.makeiPhonemorepopularC.persuadepeopletobuyiPhoneproductsD.helppeoplehaveahealthylife69.Whatcanbelearnedfromthethirdparagraph?A.MealSnapisonlyusefulforsimplethings.B.TheresultofMealSnapisn’talwaysright.C.MealSnapcanalsotellwhatthefoodis.D.MealSnapneedsalongtimetoshowthecalorierangE.70.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutMealSnapisTRUE?A.Ithasbeenputintothemarket.B.Peoplewillhaveaphysicalchangebyusingit.C.It’spopularbecauseitwasdevelopedbyDailyBurn.D.PeoplehavetolinkiPhonewiththeInternettouseit
Arainforestisanareacoveredbytalltreeswiththetotalhighrainfallspreadingquiteequallythroughtheyearandthetemperaturerarelyfallingbelow16℃.RainforestshaveagreateffectontheworldenvironmentbecausetheycantakeinheatfromthesunandadjusttheclimatE.WithouttheforestcovertheseareaswouldreflectmoreheatintotheatmospherewarmingtherestoftheworlD.LosingtherainforestsmayalsoinfluencewindandrainfallpatternspotentiallycausingcertainnaturaldisastersallovertheworlD.Inthepasthundredyearshumanshavebegundestroyingrainforestsinsearchofthreemajorresources:landforcropswoodforpaperandotherproductslandforraisingfarmanimals.ThisactionaffectstheenvironmentasawholE.Forexamplealotofcarbondioxideintheaircomesfromburningtherainforests.Peopleobviouslyhaveaneedfortheresourceswegainfromcuttingtreesbutwewillsuffermuchmorethanwewillbenefit.Therearetwomainreasonsforthis.Firstlywhenpeoplecutdowntreesgenerallytheycanonlyusethelandforayearortwo.Secondlycuttinglargesectionsofrainforestsmayprovideagoodsupplyofwoodrightnowbutinthelongrunitactuallyreducestheworld’swoodsupply.Rainforestsareoftencalledtheworld’sdrugstorE.Morethan25%ofthemedicinesweusetodaycomefromplantsinrainforests.Howeverfewerthan1%ofrainforestplantshavebeenexaminedfortheirmedicalvaluE.Itisextremelylikelythatourbestchancetocurediseasesliessomewhereintheworld’sshrinkingrainforests.49.Rainforestscanhelptoadjusttheclimatebecausethey________.A.reflectmoreheatintotheatmosphereB.bringabouthighrainfallthroughouttheworldC.rarelycausethetemperaturetodroplowerthan16℃D.absorbtheheatfromthesunreducingtheeffectofheatfromthesunontheearth50.Whatdoesthewordthisunderlinedinthethirdparagraphreferto?A.Wewilllosemuchmorethanwecangain.B.Humanshavebegundestroyingrainforests.C.Peoplehaveastrongdesireforresources.D.Muchcarbondioxidecomesfromburningrainforests.51.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat________.A.wecangetenoughresourceswithoutrainforestsB.thereisgreatmedicinepotentialinrainforestsC.wewillgrowfewerkindsofcropsinthegainedlandD.thelevelofannualrainfallaffectswindpatterns52.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoSaveRainforests?B.HowtoProtectNature?C.RainforestsandtheEnvironment.D.RainforestsandMedicalDevelopment.
Dogsandcatsarenotforstudentswholiveinthedormitory.Justthinkaboutthenoisethesmellandallthatwildbehaviorchewingonwhatevertheycangettheirteethonorknockingoverthetrashcan.Butdon’tfeelsaD.Therearesmallerandlessdestructivepettomakeyourdormitorylifecolorful.BettafishTheymakegreatpetswiththeirbigpersonalityandastonishingcolorsrangingfrombrightreddarkbluetolemonyellow.Unlikemanyfishmostbetasreacttotheirowner’spresenceandbecomemoreactivewhentheyarenearbywhichisunusualinthefishworlD.ChinchillasWithoutbadsmellaboutthesizeofarabbitandwithfursodensethattheycan’tgetpestssuchasfleas跳蚤thefriendlycreatureoriginallyfromtheAndesMountainsinSouthAmericamakesanidealindoorpet.Chinchillasareverysocialanimalsevenifyouareonlyaloneyouwillbecomeitsfamily.Incoldwinterdaysonlyaglanceatthisfurypetinadormwillbringyoualotofwarmth.LandhermitcrabsInasocietywhereownersareoftenaskedAretheytasty?landhermitcrabsareamongthemostunluckyanimalscommonlykeptaspets.Buttheyareeasytocareforinexpensiveandfascinatingtowatch.Andthefactthattheydon’tcauseanyallergicreactionsmakesthemperfectforcollegedormitories.Red-earedslidersIfyou’reinterestedinalifelongfriendared-earedslidermakesawonderfulpet.Ifwellcaredfortheycanliveforaround40years.Butthereareacoupleofthingsyoushouldknow.Red-earedcangrowtoanadultsizeofupto30cm!Soyoumayneedalargertankquickly.InadditionyouwillneedtoprovideUVlightingwaterheaterandaswimmingareaandabasking晒太阳areA.Housingared-earedsliderisnoteasy.60.Allthedormitorypetsmentionedinthetextare______.A.activeandallergicB.quietandpeacefulC.colorfulandtastyD.smallandsmelly61.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthesecreatures?A.Bettasareactiveandrichincolors.B.Chinchillasareoriginallymountainanimals.C.Landhermitcrabsareallergicbuttasty.D.Red-earedslidersneedmorecarefromtheowner.62.Ifyouwanttokeepthepetaslongaspossibleyou’dbetterchoose_____.A.BettafishB.ChinchillasC.LandhermitcrabsD.Red-earedsliders63.Thepassageismainlyto______.A.introducethebestwaytokeeppetsB.offerusefulpictureforchoosingpetsC.informstudentsoflifestyleofpetsD.recommendsomedormitorypets
WomanUsesDaughter'sKeytoStealCarCharlieVansantacollegestudentofAthensOhiowhoreportedthathiscarwasstolengotasurprisewhenhelearnedawomanhadmistakenitforherdaughter'scarandtakenit－usingherkey.KateAndersonbecameanaccidentalcarthiefwhenpickingupherdaughter'scarnearanOhioUniversitybuildinglastweek.AndersonspottedtheToyotaCamry丰田凯美瑞andusedherdaughter'skeytounlockthecarstarttheengineanddrivehome-withoutrealizingthatthecarwasn'therdaughter's.WhenCharlieVansantleftclassashorttimelaterhefoundonlyanemptyparkingspot.Hefirstassumedthecarhadbeentowedbutwhenthepolicecouldn'tfindarecordofittheytookatheftreport.ThemorningafterAndersontookthecarherdaughterdiscoveredtheCamryinthedrivewaywasn'thers.AndersonsaidshewasabletofindVansant'snameonpaperworkintheglovecompartmentandlookuphisphonenumberonthewebsitefortheuniversity.WhenAndersontoldCharliethecarwasinherdrivewayItsoundedrealsuspiciousatfirstasshewantedtoholdthethingforransom赎金saidVansant.Heeventuallywenttothehousewithapoliceofficerwherehewasreunitedwithhiscar.AccordingtothepolicereportthecasewasclosedbecauseofmistakencaridentityAndersonwasn'tchargeD.Vansantseemedtoblamethecarcompanymorethanthethief.Herkeyfitnotonlymylockbutmyignition点火装置aswell-sohigh-fiveforToyotA.Iguess.hesaiD.21.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordtowedmeaninparagraph3?A.removeD.B.damageD.C.stolen.D.solD.22.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Mrs.Anderson'sdaughterdiscoveredthecarhermotherdrovewasnothers.B.Mrs.AndersonstoleCharlie'scarattherequestofherdaughter.C.CharliehadthoughthehadtogiveAndersonmoneytogethiscarback.D.Mrs.Andersonusedherdaughter'skeytounlockCharlie'scaranddrivehomE.23.WhatdoesCharliemeanbyhigh-fiveforToyota?A.HeisblamingToyotaforthepoorqualityofcarkeys.B.HeshouldthankToyotaforreturninghiscar.C.HewantstocelebratewithToyotaforgettinghiscarback.D.HethinkshighlyofToyotaforproducinglargequantitiesofcars.24.Whatislikelytohappennextaccordingtothepassage?A.Mrs.Andersonwaschargedwithstealingacar.B.CharlieblamedMrs.Andersonformistakenlytakinghiscar.C.CharliewouldasktheToyotaCompanytogivehimanexplanation.D.TheToyotaCompanywouldgiveCharlieanewcarascompensation.
Theworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficandmoderncommunicationmeans.Lifetodayismucheasierthanitwashundredsofyearsagobutithasbroughtnewproblems.Oneofthebiggestproblemsispollution.Topollutemeanstomakethingsdirty.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Weseeitsmellitdrinkitandevenhearit.ManisnowslowlypollutingthewholeworlD.Airpollutionisstillthemostserious.It’sbadforalllivingthingsintheworldbutitisnottheonlyonekindofpollution.Waterpollutionkillsourfishandpollutesourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesusangrymoreeasily.Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.Theystoppeoplefromburningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecityandfromputtingdirtysmokeintotheair.PollutionbySO2isnowthemostdangerouskindofairpollution.ItiscausedbyheavytraffiC.Wearesurethatiftherearefewerpeopledrivingtherewillbelessairpollution.TheearthisourhomE.Wemusttakecareofit.Thatmeanskeepingthelandwaterandairclean.AndwemusttakecareoftheriseinpollutionatthesametimE.63._______ourworldisbecomingmuchsmaller.A.BecauseoftheriseinpollutionB.ThankstosciencedevelopmentC.BecausetheearthisbeingpolluteddayandnightD.Becausetheearthisblownawaybythewindeveryyear64.Hundredsofyearsagolifewas__________itistoday.A.mucheasierthanB.aseasyasC.muchharderthanD.ashardas65.Pollutioncomesinmanyways.Wecanevenhearit.Hereitmeans_______.A.rubbish垃圾B.noisepollutionC.airpollutionD.waterpollution66.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.B.Thepollutionoftheearthgrowsasfastastheworldpopulationdoes.C.Theproblemofpollutionisnotsoseriousbecausetherearenotsomanypeoplelivingontheearth.D.IfpeoplecouldgotoworkbybusorbikeinsteadofcarormotorbikeitwouldbehelpfulinfightingagainsttheproblemofSO2.
Theoilfrompalms棕榈hasawidevarietyofusesandisfoundinfoodsoapsandshampoos.Aninternationalteamfoundagenethatmadesomeofthetreesproducemoreoilthanothers.DrRajinderSinghfromgovernmentagencytheMalaysianPalmOilBoardsaidTheoilpalmhasthreefruitforms:athick-shelledtype—theDura;thosethatdon’thaveanyshell—thePisifera;athirdformproducedasacrossbetweenthethickshellandtheonewithouttheshell—theTenerawhicharemoreofthefleshyfruittoproducetheoilandtheresearchersidentifiedthegeneproducingthistrait.www.ks5u.comWhileoilpalmgrowersattempttogrowonlythethin-shelledTeneravarietyupto10%oftheseedscanbecontaminated污染的andturnouttobetheotherlessoilyplants.Prof.MartienssenfromtheColdSpringHarbourLaboratorysaidWecannowusethatgeneingenetictestingwhichwillallowgrowersaswellasproducerstoknowexactlywhatsortoftreetheyareplantingbeforeitproducesfruit.Ittakesalongtimeforthesetreestoproducefruitbutbybeingabletopredictexactlywhatsortoffruitthattreeswillproduceitwillgreatlyassistgrowers.TheresearcherssaythiscouldofferamoresustainableformofagriculturE.Prof.MartienssensaidThisfindinggivesushugehopE.WehopetomaximizelandusageandproducealotmoreonthesameamountoflandbecausewedonotwanttodestroytherainforestanymorE.HowevertheenvironmentalgroupWWF-UKsaidthattheglobaldemandforoilpalmwasgrowingrapidlymakingtheexpansionofplantationsinevitablE.AdamHarrisontheorganization’sfoodandagriculturepolicyofficersaidInasenseitdoesnotmatterifa‘good’varietyreplacesforestora‘bad’onethewildlifeandcommunitiesthatneedaccesstothatlandwillsuffer.Soforpalmoiltobesustainabletheprocessofallocating分配landneedstobecontrolleD.Thereisanabundanceoflow-carbonlow-wildlifeandconflict-freelandavailableandthereisnomoreneedforforestareastobechangeD.56.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Theplantationofoilpalmshasdecreasedinrecentyears.B.TheDuraproduceslessoilthanothertwotypesofpalmfruit.C.IttakeslesstimetoproducefruitPisiferathanothertwotypesoffruit.D.TheresearchersaretryingtoproducemorepalmswiththefruitTenerA.57.Whatdifficultyaretheoilpalmgrowersfacedwith?A.Themoreoilypalmseasilydiedofbadweather.B.Themoreoilypalmscanchangetothelessoilyones.C.Theydon’thaveenoughlandtogrowoilpalms.D.TheyareunabletopredictexactlywhatsortoffruitthetreestheyareplantingwillproducE.58.AccordingtohisstatementinParagraph4ProfMartienssenthoughttheyshould______.A.expandtheplantationofoilpalmsB.plantmoreothertreesinsteadofoilpalmsC.makefulluseoflesslandtoplantoilpalmsD.onlygrowthemoresustainabletypeofoilpalms59.Theunderlinedwordinevitableinthelastbutoneparagraphmeans______.A.unchangeableB.improperC.uncertainD.impractical60.OverwhichissueAdamHarrisonshowedhisconcern?A.Theoilpalmisnotagoodreplacementoftheforest.B.ThepalmoiltheresearchersaretestingisunsustainablE.C.Thereisnotenoughlandfortheplantationofoilpalms.D.Theplantationofoilpalmswillaffectthenativeenvironment.
AnewstudylinksheavyairpollutionfromcoalburningtoshorterlivesinnorthernChinA.Researchersestimatethatthehalf-billionpeoplealivethereinthe1990swillliveanaverageof5yearslessthantheirsoutherncounterparts两方面地位职务相当的人becausetheybreatheddirtierair.Chinaitselfmadethecomparisonpossible:fordecadesanow-discontinuedgovernmentpolicyprovidedfreecoalforheatingbutonlyinthecoldernorth.Researchersfoundsignificantdifferencesinbothparticulatepollutionoftheairandlifeexpectancyinthetworegions.WhilepreviousstudieshavefoundthatpollutionaffectshumanhealththedeeperandultimatelymoreimportantquestionistheeffectonlifeexpectancysaidoneoftheresearchersMichaelGreenstoneaprofessorofenvironmentaleconomicsatMassachusettsInstituteof一Technology.Thisstudyprovidesauniquesettingtoanswerthelifeexpectancyquestionbecausetheheatingpolicydramatically极大地changespollutionconcentrations含量Greenstonesaidinanemail.Furtherduetothelowratesofmigration移民inChinainthisperiodwecanknowpeople'sexposureoverlongtimeperiodshesaiD.ThepolicygavefreecoalforfuelboilerstoheathomesandofficestocitiesnorthoftheHuaiRiverwhichdividesChinaintonorthandsouth.Itwasineffectformuchofthe1950-1980periodofcentralplanningandthoughdiscontinuedafter1980ithasleftalegacy遗留inthenorthofheavycoalburningwhichreleasesparticulatepollutantsintotheairthatcanharmhumanhealth.ResearchersfoundnoothergovernmentpoliciesthattreatedChina'snorthdifferentlyfromthesouth.Theresearcherscollecteddatafor90citiesfrom1981to2000ontheannualdailyaverageconcentrationoftotalsuspended悬浮的particulates.InChinathoseareconsideredtobeparticulatesthatare100micrometersorlessindiametersentoutfromsourcesincludingpowerstationsconstructionsitesandvehicles.AmongthemPM2.5isofespeciallygreathealthconcernbecauseitcangodeepintothelungs.Theresearchersestimatedtheimpactonlifeexpectanciesusingdeathdatafrom1991-2000.Theyfoundthatinthenorththeconcentrationofparticulateswas184microgramspercubicmeter一or55percenthigherthaninthesouthandlifeexpectancieswere5.5yearsloweronaverageacrossallageranges.12.Themainideaofthispassageisthat_____.A.thegovernmentprovidedfreecoalforheatinginNorthChinaB.researchinChinafindsairpollutionshortenedlifeexpectancyC.coalburningcausesbadairqualityacrossChinaD.anewstudyfindsdifferentparticulatesinSouthChina13.AccordingtoGreenstone_______greatlycontributedtothehighpollutionconcentrationsinNorthChinA.A.gasesfromvehiclesB.constructionsitesC.thefreeheatingpolicyD.powerstations14.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat_______.A.coalisnolongerusedforheatinginNorthChinaB.airqualitywascomparativelybetterinSouthChinaC.southernersburnedcoalsforheatinginthe1980sD.peoplepreferredtoliveinSouthChinaafter198015.Theunderlinedwordparticulatesmostprobablymeans_____＿.A.dirtycloudsB.particularsmokeC.dangerousgasesD.harmfuldust
Pillingacatcanbea'terribleexperiencE.Catsdon’twantsomethingpusheddowntheirthroatsandthey’llfightwithalltheirstrengthtopreventit.Infactit’samazinghowpowerfultheirsmallbodiescanbE.Theeasiestwayofpillingacatistopressthepillintopowder.ThenmixthepowderwithasmallamountofwetfooD.Ifyourcatusuallyeatsdryfoodshewillprobablyviewthewetfoodasatreatandeatitup.Ifyourcatwon’teatthewetfoodthatcontainsthepillorifsheistooilltoeatyoucangetapillgun.Therearesomebasicinstructions.Gettingyourcat’smouthtoopenisgoingtobethemostdifficultpart.FirstbesurethepillisinahandyplacE.ThenyoucanputyourcatonabookshelfwithherbottominacorneroryoucanputheronyourlapfirmlytieD.Haveyourcatfacingtotherightifyou’reright-handeD.Withyourlefthandholdyourcatatthecheekbonesputtingyourpalm手掌atthetopofherheaD.Keepingyourfingeroffthetrigger扳机withyourrighthandinsertthepillgununtilthepillispositionedoverthetongueandopenthroat.Besuretogiveyourcatatreatdirectlyaftergivingthepill.Ifyoudon’tfeelcomfortableusingapillgunyoucantrygivingthepillbyhanD.Pushyourcat’sheadbackwardsjustfarenoughsothathernoseispointingtowardstheceiling.Atthispointmostcatswillslightlyopentheirmouths.WiththelittlefingerorringfingerofthehandholdingthepillopenthebottomjawalittlemorE.Youmayneedtoholdhertopjawwithyourotherhandwhiledoingthis.Aimstraightandlightlythrowthepillordropit.Mostcatswillthenswallowthepill.29.Pillingacatcanbeaterribleexperiencebecausecats______.A.areamazinglypowerfulanddangerousB.mayfightwithalltheirstrengthagainstpillsC.refusesomethingpresseddowntheirthroatsD.aredifficulttotreatoncethey’vegotill30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothesecondparagraph?A.Wetfoodwithmedicineisusuallyatreattocats.B.CatsusedtodryfoodmustrejectwetfooD.C.Theeasiestpillingistopressthepillintopowder.D.Catsaremostlikelyinterestedinsomethingnew.31.Usingapillgunyouhadbetterholdyourcat______ifyou’releft-handeD.A.facingtotherightB.withyourrighthandC.attheheadD.onyourlapfirmly32.A.catprobablyopensitsmouthnaturallywhen______.A.itsnoseisstraightupwardsB.itistouchedbyfingersC.itsheadisturningaroundD.itisservedwithitsfavoritepills
Airpollutionisaleadingcauseofcancerandclassifiedamongtophumancarcinogens致癌物质saidtheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancerIARCwhichistheWorldHealthOrganization'sWHOcanceragencyonOct172013.OurtaskwastoevaluatetheaireveryonebreathesratherthanfocusonspecificairpollutantstheIARC'sDanaLoomissaidinastatement.Theresultsfromthereviewedstudiespointinthesamedirectiontheriskofdevelopinglungcancerissignificantlyincreasedinpeopleexposedtoairpollution.In2010lungcancerresultingfromairpollutionkilled223000peopleworldwideandtherewasalsoconvincingevidencethatitincreasestheriskofbladder膀胱cancer.LoomissaidpeopleinAsiaEasternNorthAmericasomeplacesinCentralAmericaandMexicoaswellasNorthAfricahaverelativelyhighexposure暴露.DevelopingcountrieswithlargepopulationsandboomingmanufacturingsectorssuchasChinaareparticularlyatrisk.ThisweekHarbinthecapitalcityofHeilongjiangprovincebecamethefirstChinesecitytoofficiallysuspendclassesduetoserioussmogreallygoodforteachersandstudents.Manydevelopedcountriesfacesimilarproblemsalthoughtoalesser较少的次要的degreethanmostdevelopingnations.Between91and96percentofEuropeanslivingincitiesareexposedtolevelsofPM2.5—tinyparticleswithadiameteroflessthan2.5micrometers—thatarehigherthantheWHOsafetylimits.AlthoughboththecompositionandlevelsofairpollutioncanvarydramaticallyfromonelocationtotheothertheIARCsaiditsconclusionsapplytoallareasoftheworlD.GiventhescaleoftheexposureaffectingpeopleworldwidethisreportshouldsendastrongsignaltotheinternationalcommunitytotakeactionwithoutfurtherdelaysaidChristopherWilddirectoroftheIARC.60.What’sthemaintaskofIARC?A.Tofocusoncancer-causingsubstances.B.Toevaluatetheairquality.C.Tostudythedevelopingriskofcancer.D.Tosendsignalstotheinternationalcommunity.61.TheunderlinedwordsuspendinParagraph2probablymeans______.A.accelerateB.acknowledgeC.delayD.decline62.Whyshouldtheinternationalcommunitytakeactionwithoutfurtherdelay?A.A.largenumberofpeopleworldwideareexposedtoairpollution.B.Moreandmorepeopleindevelopingcountriesareexposedtoairpollution.C.Developedcountriesfaceairpollutionthelevelofwhichishigherthanthesafetylimits.D.ThecompositionandlevelsofairpollutionvaryfromplacetoplacE.63.Whatmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.PM2.5badeffect.B.Safetylimitsofairpollution.C.Signalsofairpollution.D.Airpollutioncancerrisk.
Squirrelsoftencommunicatewithwhistleschirpsandchuckswhichsoundlikethewordchuck.WhistlesandchirpsarelikethesoundsthatmanybirdsmakE.Nowscientistshavetranslatedsomeoftheirsquirrel-speak.HareaprofessorofzoologyattheUniversityofManilohainWinnipegandhisteammanagedtorecordsquirrels'alarmcalls.Theresearchersstudiedthesoundsandthenplayedthembackto60wildsquirrelswhichthescientistsapproachedindividuallywithavideorecordertocapture抓拍theirresponses.Somesquirrelsliftedtheirheadsupandbecamealert警惕的.Creaturesthatweremorefrightenedsimplyranfortheirlivesanddivedintocaves.Ineffectthenwhistlesthatmixwithchuckssay'there'sanenemyofaveragethreatthat'shere'andwhistleswithoutchuckssay'there'sanenemyofseeminglyaveragethreataroundheresomewhere'whilepurechirpssay'I'mhidingherebecausethere'sanimmediatedanger.'HaretolD.DiscoveryNews.Hareandsomeotherresearchersbelievesuchsoundsarepartofanadvancedlanguagethatdevelopsjustasallothercommunicationsystems.Althoughsquirrelsrisktheirliveswhentheycallouttowarnothersofthreatsothersquirrelsmightadmirethisbehaviorthusincreasingthecaller’ssocialstatuslikehumanswholookuptoheroes.Hareaddedthatotheranimalssuchasbirdsprobablyunderstandatleastsomesquirrellanguagesincetheyalsomaybenefitfromthealarmcalls.InfactanotherCanadianstudyfoundthatdeep-voicedblack-cappedchickadeeshavetheirownlanguagetoo.Accordingtocertainresearchtherearealotoftidingsinchickadees'callssuchasdirectingfellows'activitieskeepingincontactbetweenmatesandraisingalarms.Whilechickadeesandotherbirdsareoftenwelcomedintogardensbyhomeownerssquirrelsarefrequentlyviewedaspests害兽.Harewishesagreaterunderstandingofthecomplexsociallivesandcommunicationsystemsofsquirrelswillprovidehopethathumanswillgainagreaterappreciationandstopdoingharmtotheseanimals.72.Thetextmainlytalksabout_______.A.thewaysforsquirrelstoescapefromtheirenemiesB.thecomparisonbetweensquirrelsandchickadeesC.thecallingfortheprotectionofsquirrelsD.thestudyonthelanguageofsquirrels73.Ifasquirrelisinaverydangeroussituationitwouldprobablymake____.A.whistleswithchucksB.purechirpsC.whistleswithoutchucksD.repeatedchucks74.Theunderlinedwordtidingsinparagraph6probablymeans____.A.difficultiesB.noisesC.messagesD.languages75.Whatcanbelearnedfromthistext?A.Squirrelscommunicatewitheachotherashumansdo.B.Somesquirrelsunderstandtherecordedalarmcalls.C.Otheranimalsalsowellunderstandthelanguageofsquirrels.D.Birdssuchaschickadeesdon’thavetheirownlanguagE.
Whenthinkingaboutplacingahumanbeinginspaceoneofthemostimportantquestionswashowtodesignspecialclothingneededtoprotectapersonfromthedangersofthespaceenvironment.ThecoldofspacewillfreezeskininashorttimE.Thefierceheatofthesuncancausesevereburns.Thelackofatmospherecancausegasesinthebodytoexpandandevenburst.Withnooxygentobreatheahumanbeingwilldieinonlyafewmoments.RadiationfromthesunisanotherriskinspacE.Soisdamagefromsmallpiecesofrockandobjectslikemeteoroids陨石.In1933anAmericanflyerWileyPostdesignedoneofthefirstsuccessfuldevicestoprotectapilotatextremeheights.Itwasalargedevicethatlookedlikeacansurroundedthepilot'sheaD.AstronautsintheAmericanspaceagencyNASAflewthefirstAmericanspaceflightsintheearly1960s.TheclothingwassimilartothatinventedbyWileyPost.Todayastronautswearverydifferentprotectiveclothing.Itletsthemmovedousefultasksandstayoutsidetheirspacecraftincomfortandsafetyforseveralhours.ThespacesuitiscalledtheshuttleextravehicularmobilityunitorEMU.Itwasdesignedtoendurelongerandtopermitmoremovementthanearlierspacesuits.TheEMUhasanumberofpartsthatanastronautcanlinktogetherbyusingonlyonehandwhichmakesitpossibleforeachastronauttoselectthepartsthatfitcorrectly.NowadaysNASAscientistsarealsoconsideringthekindofspacesuitsthatwouldbeneededforexplorationontheplanetMars.BecauseofthegravityonMarsspacesuitsmayhavetobedesignedtobelighterthansuitsusedinorbitoronthemoon.TheequipmentmayalsohavetoprotectastronautsfromdustcarriedinthewindsonMars.Andtheymustbeeasytorepairandkeepcleanduringalongerflighttoandfromtheredplanet.59.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutthedangersofspaceenvironment?A.Lackofoxygen.B.Fierceheatfromthesun.C.Gasesinthebody.D.Radiationfromthesun.60.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothispassage?A.WileyPostdesignedthefirstprotectiveclothingforastronauts.B.Astronautswearingearlierspacesuitshadsomedifficultyinmovingdoingusefultasksandsoon.C.EMUhasmanypartsthatcanbelinkedtogetherbyusingtwohands.D.SpecialspacesuitshavebeenusedforexplorationoftheplanetMars.61.Theunderlinedwordenduremeans_______.A.provideB.moveC.liveD.last62.Thebesttitleofthepassagemightbe______.A.SpaceexplorationB.Astronauts’flightsC.TheAdvantagesofSpacesuitsD.TheEvolutionofSpacesuits
Onahill600feetabovethesurroundinglandwewatchthelinesofrainmoveacrossthescenethemoonriseoverthehillsandthestarsappearinthesky.TheviewsinvitealonglookfromacomfortablechairinfrontofthewoodenhousE.EverywindowinourwoodenhousehasaviewandtheforestandlakesseldomlookthesameasthehourbeforE.EachlookremindsuswherewearE.Thereisspaceforourthreeboystoplayoutsidetoshootarrowscollecttreeseedsbuildearthhousesandclimbtrees.Ourkidshavelearnedthenamesofthetreesandwiththenameshavecomefamiliarityandappreciation.Astheytellallwhoshowevenapassinginterestmaple枫树makesthebestfightingsticksandwhitepinesarethebestclimbingtrees.Theairiscleanandfresh.Thewaterfromthewellhasapleasanttasteanditisperhapsthehealthiestwaterourkidswilleverdrink.Thoughtheyhaveoneglassadayofjuiceandtherestiswatertheyneversayanythingagainstthat.The_seasons_change_just_outside_the_door.Wewatchthemaplesturneveryshadeofyellowandredinthefallandnotethepoplars'杨树puttingoutthefirstgreenleavesofspring.Therainbowsmeltfillsthelocalstreamastheicegraduallydisappearsandthewoodfrogsstarttosinginpoolsafterbeingfrozenforthewinter.A.familyofbirdsrulesourskiesandfliesoverthelakE.56.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph2?A.ThescenesarecolorfulandchangeablE.B.TherearemanywindowsinthewoodenhousE.C.TheviewsremindusthatweareinawoodenhousE.D.Thelakesoutsidethewindowsarequitedifferentincolor.57.Bymentioningthenamesofthetreestheauthoraimstoshowthat________.A.thekidslikeplayingintreesB.thekidsareveryfamiliarwithtreesC.thekidshavelearnedmuchknowledgeD.thekidsfindtreesusefullearningtools58.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphmean?A.Thechangeofseasonsiseasilyfelt.B.TheseasonsmakethesceneschangE.C.Theweatheroftenchangesintheforest.D.Thedoorisagoodpositiontoenjoychangingseasons.59.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?A.TodescribethebeautyofthescenearoundthehousE.B.Tointroduceherchildren'shappylifeintheforest.C.Toshowthatlivingintheforestishealthful.D.TosharethejoyoflivinginthenaturE.
Twonewstudiessuggestthatmodernrunningshoescouldincreasetheriskofinjuriestorunners.Onestudyinvolvedsixty-eighthealthyyoungwomenandmenwhoranatleasttwenty-fourkilometersaweek.Therunnerswereobservedonatreadmillmachine跑步机.Sometimestheyworerunningshoes.Othertimestheyranbarefoot赤脚.ResearchersfromtheJKMTechnologiesCompanyinVirginiatheUniversityofVirginiaandtheUniversityofColoradodidthestudy.Theyfoundthatrunningshoescreatemorestressthatcoulddamagekneeshipsandanklejointsthanrunningbarefoot.Theyobservedthattheeffectwasevengreaterthantheeffectreportedearlierforwalkinginhighheels.ThestudyappearedintheofficialscientificjournalofTheAmericanAcademyofPhysicalMedicine.TheotherstudyappearedinthejournalNature.ItcomparedrunnersintheUnitedStatesandKenyA.TheresearcherswerefromHarvardUniversityinMassachusettsMoiUniversityinKenyaandtheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlanD.Theydividedtherunnersintothreegroups.Onegrouphadalwaysrunshoeless.Anothergrouphadalwaysrunwithshoes.Andthethirdgrouphadchangedtoshoelessrunning.Runnerswhowearshoesusuallycomedownheelfirst.Thatputsgreatforceonthebackofthefoot.Butthestudyfoundthatbarefootrunnersgenerallylandonthefrontormiddleoftheirfoot.Thatwaytheyeaseintotheirlandingandavoidstrikingtheirheel.Harvard’sDanielLiebermanledthestudy.Hesaysthewaymostrunningshoesaredesignedmayexplainwhythosewhowearthemlandontheirheels.Theheeloftheshoeisbiggerandheavierthanotherpartsoftheshoesoitwouldseemmorelikelytocomedownfirst.Alsotheheelgenerallyhasthickmaterialunderittosoftenlandings.Buttheresearchersdonotsuggestthatrunnersimmediatelystartrunningbarefoot.Theysayittakessometraining.AndtherecanberiskslikerunningwhenyourfeetaretoocoldtofeelifyougetinjureD.ThestudywaspartlysupportedbyVibramwhichmakesakindoffootwearthatitsaysislikerunningbarefoot.Thefindingshavegottenalotofattention.Buttheresearcherssaytherearemanyproblemsinthewaythepresshasreportedintheirpaper.SotheyhavetriedtoexplaintheirfindingsonaHarvardWebsitE.9.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A.Walkinginhighheelscouldcauselessseriouseffectsthanrunningbarefoot.B.Twonewdiscoveriesencouragepeopletoruninhighheels.C.Runninginshoesispartlygoodtorunners.D.Twonewstudiesproverunningwithoutshoesisbeneficialtorunnersinmostcases.10.Whichpartofourbodycouldbeinjuredifweruninrunningshoes?A.Toes.B.Hips.C.Feet.D.Legs.11.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thewaythatwerunbylandingonthefrontormiddleofourfootcouldavoiddamagingourheel.B.WeshouldstartrunningbarefootinnotimE.C.Runninginmodernrunningshoescouldcausemoreseriouseffectsthanrunninginhighheels.D.Wewon’tbeinjuredifwerunbarefoot.
Itis80yearssincetheLochNessmonster尼斯湖水怪wasspottedforthefirsttimE.Mrs.AldieMackayalocalhotelmanageressmighthavethoughtthathereyeshaddeceived欺骗herwhenshereportedseeingawhale-likefishinthewatersoftheScottishlakE.Orwasitmadeupbypeople?Dr.CharlesPaxtonaresearcherfromStAndrew’sUniversitynotedthatmanyofthe1000eye-witnessaccountsoftheelusivemonsterhehasbeenanalyzingcomefromhotelowners.Thisraisessuspicion怀疑ofanintentiontoincreasetourism.Mrs.MackayiswidelyregardedasthefirstmodernsightingofthemonsterinthelakE.Andithasopenedthefloodgates.Policeinspectorslorrydriversclergymenandfishermenwereamongthepeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthemonster.Itbecamesofamousthatitgotanickname:NessiE.Touristsand‘Nessiehunters’pouredtotheareA.ThereweretrafficjamsaroundthelakE.CertainlytherewasmuchtobegainedfromthelegenD.AccordingtoVisitScotlandNessietourismbringsinmorethan£1000000totheareaperyear.MarinebiologistAdrianShinewhointerviewedMrs.MackayyearslaterbelievesshewassincerE.ButthereareplentyofpeoplewhohavemadealivingfromNessieincludingMr.Shinehimself.HenowrunstheLochNessCentreandExhibitionoutofMrs.Mackay’soldhotel.Dr.Paxtonsaysanalyzingtheeye-witnessaccountsmaytellusmoreaboutourselvesthanwhetherornotthemonsterexists.Heisduetopublishtheresultsofhisstudylaterthisyear.AsascientisthecastsadisbelievingeyeonalltheevidencelinkedtoNessiE.HighlyrespectedBritishsurgeonColonelRobertWilsonclaimedhephotographedthebeastin1934.Itwaslaterprovedtobeatoysubmarine潜艇withasea-serpentheaD.Dr.Paxtonsays:Isupposeitispossiblethatpeoplehaveanagenda预谋.ButIbelievethevastmajorityofpeoplearereportingthetruth.TheybelievetheyhaveseensomethingstrangE.Somesayyouseewhatyouexpect.IfthisistrueinthelandfamousforwhiskyandNessiethebeastwilllivelongandprosper.71.Mrs.AldieMackayprobablyfelt________whenshereportedseeingsomethingunusualinthelakE.A.excitedB.astonishedC.frightenedD.disappointed72.Thefourthparagraphmainlytalksabout________.A.differentversionsaboutthemonsterNessieB.crowdednessandpollutionaroundthelakeC.goodtouringbusinessfromtheNessielegendD.touristyactivitiesrelatedtotheNessielegend73.Whatdoesthewritertrytoexpressintheunderlinedsentence?A.MoremonstersareexpectedtobespottedintheScottishlakE.B.DifferentstoriesaboutthemonsterNessiehavecomefloodingin.C.TouristsinterestedinthemonsterNessiehavepouredintotheareA.D.ManymorepeopleclaimthattheyhaveseenthemonsterNessiE.74.InDr.Paxton’seyes________mayhavebroughtaboutsomanyeye-witnessaccountsofthemonster.A.hotelowners’designingtoencouragetourismB.tourists’curiositytoseethemonsterinthefleshC.reporters’makingtheNessiehittheheadlinesD.attemptstomakethewhiskyindustryasuccess75.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Mosteye-witnessesarejustplayingtricksontourists.B.MostlikelythemonsterNessiedoesnotexistatall.C.Someresearchersbelieveinthelegendaboutthemonster.D.ManypeoplemistakethemonsterasatoysubmarinE.
Electriccarsaredirty.Infactnotonlyaretheydirtytheymightevenbemoredirtythantheirgasoline-poweredcousins.PeopleinCalifornialovetotalkaboutzero-emissionsvehiclesbutpeopleinCaliforniaseemtobecluelessaboutwhereelectricitycomesfrom.Powerplantsmostallusefiretomakeit.Asidefromthefewfolkswhohavetheirroofscoveredwithsolarcellswegetourelectricityfromgenerators.Generatorsarefueledbysomething—usuallycoaloilbutalsobyheatgeneratedinnuclearpowerplants.Thereareafewwindfarmsandgeothermalplantsaswellbutbyfarwegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething.Inotherwordsthosezero-emissionscarsarelikelycoal-burningcars.It’sjustthecoalisburnedsomewhereelsesoitlooksclean.Itisnot.It’sasiftheCaliforniaGreensarecoveringtheireyes—IfIcan’tseeitit’snothappening.Gasolineisanincrediblyefficientwaytopoweravehicle;agallonofgashasalotofenergyinit.Butwhenyoutakethatgasoranotherfuelandfirstuseittomakeelectricityyouwasteanicepartofthatenergymostlyintheformofwastedheat—atthegeneratorthroughthetransmissionlinesetC.Agallonofgasmaypropelyourcar25miles.Buttheelectricityyougetfromthatgallonofgaswon’tgetyounearlyasfar—soelectriccarsburnmorefuelthangas-poweredones.Ifourelectricitycamemostlyfromnukesorgeothermalorhydroorsolarorwindthenanelectriccartrulywouldbeclean.Butforpoliticaltechnicalandeconomicreasonswedon’tusemuchofthoseenergysources.Inadditionelectriccars’batterieswhicharepoisonousforalongtimewilleventuallyendupinalandfill.Andfinallywhencarsarethepollutersthepollutionisspreadacrossalltheroads.Whenit’sapowerplantthoughallthejunkisinoneplacE.Natureisverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsarenottooconcentratedbutittakesalotlongerwhenallthegarbageisinonespot.71.Whatdoescluelessmeaninparagraph2?A.Befamiliarwith.B.Becuriousabout.C.FailtounderstanD.D.Showtheirinterestin.72.AccordingtothepassagewhydotheCaliforniaGreensholdtheideaIfIcan’tseeitit’snothappening.?A.Theydonotknowthosecleancarsarelikelycoal-burningcars.B.Theydobelievethatthecoalisburnedsomewhereelsesoitlooksclean.C.Theytendtoholdthatelectricityisanicepartofenergy.D.TheytendtomaintainthatgasolineisagoodwaytorunavehiclE.73.Theelectricitywegetfromagallonofgasmaymakeourcarrun__________.A.notlessthan25miles.B.morethan25miles.C.nolessthan25miles.D.notmorethan25miles.74.Comparedwithcarsusinggaselectriccars__________A.donotburnfuelandmoreenvironmental.B.aretoxic有毒的anditisdifficultfornaturetocleanitupwhentheirbatteriesareburiedinonespot.C.areverygoodatcleaningupwhenthingsarenottooconcentratedD.arepoisonousforalongtimeandwilleventuallyendupinalandfill.75.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat__________.A.BeinggreenisgoodandshouldbeencouragedincommunicationsB.Electriccarsarenotcleaninthatwegetelectricitymainlybyburningsomething.C.Zero-emissionsvehiclesshouldbechosentoprotectourenvironment.D.Electriccarsarenowthedominantvehiclecomparedwithgasoline-poweredcousins.
SincethefirstEarthDayin1970Americanhavegottenalotgreenertowardtheenvironment.Wedidn’tknowatthattimethatthereevenwasanenvironmentletalonethattherewasaproblemwithitsaysBruceAndersonpresidentofEarthDayUSA.Butwhatbeganasnothingimportantinpublicaffairshasgrownintoasocialmovement.Businesspeoplepoliticalleadersuniversityprofessorsandespeciallymillionsofgrass-rootsAmericansaretakingpartinthemovement.TheunderstandinghasincreasedmanymanytimessaysGaylordNelsontheformergovernorfromWisconsinwhothoughtupthefirstEarthDay.AccordingtoUSgovernmentreportsemissions排放fromcarsandtruckshavedroppedfrom10.3milliontonsayearto5.5milliontons.ThenumberofcitiesproducingCObeyondthestandardhasbeenreducedfrom40to9.AlthoughseriousproblemsstillremainandneedtobedealtwiththeworldisasaferandhealthierplacE.A.kindofgreenthinkinghasbecomepartofpractices.GreatimprovementhasbeenachieveD.In1988therewereonly600recyclingprograms;todayin1995thereareabout6600.Advancedlightsmotorsandbuildingdesignshavehelpedsavealotofenergyandthereforepreventedpollution.Twenty–fiveyearsagotherewerehardlyanyeducationprogramsforenvironment.Todayit’shardtofindapublicschooluniversityorlawschoolthatdoesnothavesuchakindofprogram.Untilwedothatnothingelsewillchange!sayBruceAnderson.45.AccordingtoAndersonbefore1970Americanshadlittleideaabout.A.thesocialmovementB.recyclingtechniquesC.environmentalproblemsD.theimportanceofEarthDay46.Wheredoesthesupportforenvironmentalprotectionmainlycomefrom?A.Thegrass–rootslevelB.ThebusinesscircleC.GovernmentofficialsD.Universityprofessors47.WhathaveAmericansachieved取得inenvironmentalprotection?A.TheyhavecutcaremissionstothelowestB.TheyhavesettledtheirenvironmentalproblemsC.TheyhaveloweredtheirCOlevelsinfortycities.D.Theyhavereducedpollutionthrougheffectivemeasures.48.Whatisespeciallyimportantforenvironmentalprotectionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.EducationB.PlanningC.GreenlivingD.COreduction
HurricaneSandywasahurricanethatdestroyedpartsoftheCaribbeanandtheMid-AtlanticandNortheasternUnitedStatesduringlateOctober2012withminorimpactsintheSoutheasternandMidwesternstatesandEasternCanadA.Sandyclassifiedastheeighteenthnamedstormandtenthhurricaneofthe2012AtlantichurricaneseasonwasaCategory2stormatitspeakintensity.WhileitwasaCategory1stormoffthecoastoftheNortheasternUnitedStatesthestormbecamethelargestAtlantichurricaneonrecorD.Previousestimatesoflossesduetodamageandbusinessinterruptionareestimatedat$65.6billionwhichwouldmakeitthesecond-costliestAtlantichurricanebehindonlyHurricaneKatrinA.Atleast253peoplewerekilledalongthepathofthestormineightcountries.SandydevelopedfromatropicalwaveinthewesternCaribbeanSeaonOctober22quicklystrengthenedandwasupgradedtoTropicalStormsixhourslater.SandymovedslowlynorthwardtowardtheGreaterAntillesandgraduallybecomingstronger.OnOctober24SandybecameahurricanemadelandfallnearKingstonJamaicaafewhourslaterenteredintotheCaribbeanSeaagainandstrengthenedintoaCategory2hurricanE.OnOctober25SandyhitCubaandthenweakenedtoaCategory1hurricanE.EarlyonOctober26SandymovedthroughtheBahamas.OnOctober27SandybrieflyweakenedtoatropicalstormandthenrestrengthenedtoaCategory1hurricanE.EarlyonOctober29SandyturnedfromnorthtonorthwestandthenmovedashorenearAtlanticCityNewJerseyasapost-tropicalcyclonewithhurricane-forcewinds.IntheUnitedStatesHurricaneSandyaffected24statesincludingtheentireeasternseaboardfromFloridatoMaineandwestacrosstheAppalachianMountainstoMichiganandWisconsinwithparticularlyseveredamageinNewJerseyandNewYork.ItsstormhitNewYorkCityonOctober29floodingstreetstunnelsandsubwaylinesandcuttingpowerinandaroundthecity.DamageintheUSisestimatedatover$63billion.47.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingwindformsisthestrongest?A.TropicalwavE.B.Tropicalstorm.C.Category1hurricanE.D.Category2hurricanE.48.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.Sandycaused253deathstotallyintheUSA.B.SandyreacheditsstrongestintheCaribbeanSeA.C.SandyresultedingreatlossinmoststatesintheUSA.D.SandyisthesecondlargestAtlantichurricaneeverrecordeD.49.WhichofthefollowinggraphshowsthedevelopmentofSandy?A.B.C.D.50.Whatisthewriter’spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.TotellushowterribleSandyis.B.Toteachuswhattodoinfaceofhurricanes.C.ToinformreadersofSandyanditsdamagE.D.Towarnreadersofthedangerscausedbyhurricanes.
Ablackholeisaplaceinspacewheregravitypullssomuchthatevenlightcannotgetout.ThegravityissostrongbecausematterhasbeensqueezedintoatinyspacE.Thiscanhappenwhenastarisdying.Becausenolightcangetoutpeoplecan’tseeblackholes.Spacetelescopeswithspecialtoolscanhelpfindblackholes.Thespecialtoolscanseehowstarsthatareveryclosetoblackholesactdifferentlyfromotherones.Blackholescanbebigorsmall.Scientiststhinkthesmallestblackholesareassmallasjustoneatom.Theseblackholesareverytinybuthavethemassofalargemountain.Massistheamountofmatterorstaffinanobject.Anotherkindofblackholeiscalledstellar星球黑洞.Itsmasscanbeupto20timesmorethanthemassofthesun.TheremaybemanystellarmassblackholesinEarth’sgalaxy.Earth’sgalaxyiscalledtheMilkyWay.Thelargestblackholesarecalledsupermassive超大质量黑洞.Theseblackholeshavemassesthataremorethanonemillionsunstogether.Scientistshavefoundproofthateverylargegalaxycontainsasupermassiveblackholeatitscenter.ThesupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWaygalaxyhasamassequaltoaboutfourmillionsunsandwouldfitinsideaverylargeballthatcouldholdafewmillionEarths.Scientiststhinkthesmallestblackholesformedwhentheuniversebegan.Stellarblackholesaremadewhenthecenterofaverybigstarfallsinuponitselforfallsapart.WhenthishappensitexplodedpartofthestarintospacE.Scientiststhinksupermassiveblackholesweremadeatthesametimeasthegalaxytheyarein.AblackholecannotbeseenbecausestronggravitypullsallofthelightintothemiddleoftheblackholE.ButscientistscanseehowthestronggravityaffectsthestarsandgasaroundtheblackholE.ScientistscanstudystarstofindoutiftheyareflyingaroundororbitingablackholE.Whenablackholeandastarareclosetogetherhigh-energylightismadE.Thiskindoflightcannotbeseenwithhumaneyes.Scientistsusesatellitesandtelescopesinspacetoseethehigh-energylight.31.Thegravityofablackholemaybecomesostrongthatlightcannotgetoutwhen____________.A.thestarisgoingtodieB.specialtoolsareusedonitC.otherstarscomeclosetoitD.itisseenfromthespacetelescopes32.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.A.blackholecanbeverytinybutextremelyheavy.B.Thegravityofablackholeholdsalllightinitscenter.C.Scientistsobservehigh-energylightthroughtheirowneyes.D.SomesmallblackholescameintobeingasearlyastheuniversE.33.Whichcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.EverygalaxymusthaveablackholE.B.A.galaxyisthecenteroftheuniversE.C.A.galaxyconsistsofalargegroupofstarsandplanets.D.Earth’sgalaxyiscalledtheMilkyWay.34.WhatdoesthelastsentenceinParagraph5suggest?A.NeitherthesunnortheearthisasheavyasablackholE.B.ThereisonlyonesupermassiveblackholeatthecenteroftheMilkyWay.C.ThesupermassiveblackholehadexistedbeforetheMilkyWaywasformeD.D.Thereisareasonwhythelargeblackholesarecalledsupermassive.35.Thelasttwoparagraphmainlyfocusonthequestionof_________.A.whatablackholeisB.howblackholesformC.howbigblackholesareD.howscientistsknowaboutblackholes
FacesthatactivatethesameregionsofthebrainagainandagainaremorelikelytoberemtembereD.Practicemakesperfectwhenitcomestorememberingthingsbutexactlyhowthatworkshaslongbeenamystery.A.studypublishedinSciencerecentlyindicatesthatreactivatingneural神经的patternsoverandoveragainmystoreitemsintothememory.Peoplefinditeasiertorecallthingsifmaterialispresentedrepeatedlyatwell-spacedintervalsratherthanallatoncE.Forexampleyou’remorelikelytorememberafacethatyour’veseenonsomeoccasionsoverafewdaysthanonethatyou’veseenonceinonelongperioD.Onereasonthatafacelinkedtomanydifferentcontexts–suchasschoolworkandhome-iseasiertorecognizethanonethatisassociatedwithjustonesettingsuchasapartycouldbethattherearesomewaystoaccessthememory.Thisideacalledtheencodingvariabilityhypothesis假说wasproposedbypsychologistsabout40yearsago.Eachdifferentcontextorsettingactivatesaclearsetofbrainregions;thehypothesissuggeststhatitisthesedifferingneuralresponsesthatimprovethememory.Butneuroimaging神经影像researchledbyRussellPoldrackascientistattheUniversityofTexas.Austinnowsuggeststhattheoppositeistrue—itemsarebetterrememberedwhentheyactivatethesameneuralpatternswitheachexposurE.Poldrack’steammeasuredbrainactivityin24peopleusingfunctionalmagneticresonance磁共振imaging.Thesubjectssaw120unfamiliarfacesandeachonerepeatedfourtimesatvaryingintervalsduringthescan.Onehourlatertheywereshownthefacesagainmixedwith120newonesandaskedtoratethefamiliarityofeach.
There’sabodyofwaterinIsraelthatisactuallybelowsealevel.Waterconstantlyrunsintoitbutbecauseofthelawofgravity万有引力定律nothingcanflowoutofit.Doyouknowthenameofthisfamouslake?It’scalledtheDeadSeA.It’scalledthisbecausenolivingthingcouldlivetherE.Thewaterisalmostdeadcomparedtowhathappenswithlivingwater.Whenyouthinkofthetermlivingwatertheimagethatcomestomindisarushingriverthatisflowing.It’sfilledwithlifeandmovement.Itdoesn’tjustreceivebutisalsogivingsimultaneously.Manyofusbelievethatweneedtoreceivemoreofsomethinginordertobehappy.WhetherwhatwedesireismoneyorsomethingelsewethinkweneedmoreofitinordertobefulfilleD.Asaresultwebegintooperateinfearandthereforedon’tgiveanythingbecausewe’reafraidthatwewon’thaveenough.Theresult?LiketheDeadSeawebecomelifeless.Lifeismeanttoflow.whenapoolstopsflowingitbecomesstagnant停滞的.Stagnantwaterbreedsdiseaseanddeath.Itcan’tbreathE.Itcan’treceiveanymorE.Ifnothingisflowingoutthere’snoroomforanythingelsetocomein.Thesolution?GivE.Asyougiveyou’llreceivE.It’sauniversallaw.YouseeitatworkeverywherE.we’vesomehowbeendeceived欺骗intobelievingthatifwedon’tgivewe’llhavemorE.Orwe’reafraidthatifwedogivewewon’thaveanythingleft.OnonehandthisseemstomakesensE.Butitdoesn’twork.Becausewhenwedon’tgiveweshutofftheflowofwhat’scomingin.36.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.ThedevelopmentoftheDeadSeaB.ThespecialcharacteroftheDeadSeaC.ThepositionoftheDeadSeaD.ThepresentsituationoftheDeadSea37.Accordingtothepassagepeoplewouldn’tliketogivebecause________.A.theyarereallypoorinfactB.theydon’tknowhowtogiveC..theydon’tknowwhotogiveD.theyarestillnotsatisfied38.Accordingtothepassageifyourefusetogiveyouwill___________.A.belikeapoolwithstagnantwaterB.haveenoughspaceforwhatyou’llreceiveC.needsomethingmoretobesatisfiedD.doeverythingaccordingtothelaw39.Whatwordcantaketheplaceoftheunderlinedwordbreeds?A.comesfromB.influencesC.leadstoD.buries40.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Giveandyou’llreceiveB.ThesecretoftheDeadseaC.A.universallawD.comeinandcomeout
RecordingsofangrybeesareenoughtosendbigtoughAfricanelephantsrunningawayanewstudysays.Beehives蜂窝—eitherrecordedorreal—mayevenpreventelephantsfromdamagingfarmer’scrops.In2002scientistLucyKingandherteamfoundthatelephantsavoidcertaintreeswithbeeslivinginthem.TodayLucywantstoseeifAfricanhoneybeesmightdiscourageelephantsfromeatingcrops.Butbeforesheaskedfarmertogotothetroubleofsettingupbeehivesontheirfarmssheneededtofindoutifthebeeswouldscareelephantsaway.LucyfoundawildbeehiveinsideatreeinnorthernKenyaandsetuparecorder.ThenshethrewastoneintothebeehivewhichburstintolifE.Lucyandherassistanthidintheircaruntiltheangrybeeshadcalmeddown.NextLucysearchedoutelephantfamiliesinSamburuNationalReserveinnorthernKenyaandputaspeakerinatreeclosetoeachfamily.FromadistanceLucyswitchedonthepre-recordedsoundofangrybeeswhileatthesametimerecordingtheelephantswithavideocamerA.Halftheelephantgroupslefttheareawithintenseconds.Outofatotalof17groupsonlyonegroupignoredthesoundoftheangrybees.Lucyreportedthatalltheyoungelephantsimmediatelyrantotheirmotherstohideunderthem.WhenLucyplayedthesoundofawaterfall瀑布insteadoftheangrybeestomanyofthesameelephantfamiliestheanimalswereundisturbeD.EvenafterfourminutesmostofthegroupsstayedinoneplacE.Lucyisnowstudyingwhethertheelephantswillcontinuetoavoidthesoundofangrybeesafterhearingitseveraltimes.Shehasn’ttestedenoughgroupsyettoknowbutherinitial最初的resultswerepromisingenoughtobegintrialswithfarmers.Shehasnowbegunplacingspeakersinthefieldstoseeifelephantsarefrightenedaway.41.Weknowfromthepassagethatelephantsmaybefrightenedof.A.loudnoisesB.somecropsC.videocamerasD.angrybees42.AsmentionedinthepassageLucy.A.worksbyherselfinAfricaB.needstotestmoreelephantgroupsC.hasstoppedelephantseatingcropsD.hasgotfarmerstosetupbeehivesontheirfarms43.WhydidLucythrowastoneintoawildbeehive?A.Torecordthesoundofbees.B.Tomakeavideoofelephants.C.Toseeifelephantswouldrunaway.D.Tofindoutmoreaboutthebehaviorofbees.44.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.YoungelephantsignoreAfricanhoneybees.B.WaterfallscanmakeelephantsstayinoneplacE.C.Elephantsdonotgoneartreeswithbeeslivinginthem.D.FarmersdonotallowLucytoconducttestsintheirfields.
Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolateyouknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.YoucanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfooD.YoumaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgooD.YoumaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlooksmellortasteverynicE.DifferentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfooD.A.fewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenseswhilemostanimalsusemorethanonesensE.AlthoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffoodsomeanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetypE.Thegiantpandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.OtheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoicE.A.kindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbageeventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.Howevermostanimalshaveamorevarieddiet.Thebeareatsfruitsandfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimalsbirdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritainpeopleeatfoodswithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweightwhichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproductssuchasbuttercanalsobebadforthehealth.ChoosingtherightfoodthereforehasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlifE.31.Wecaninferfromthetextthathumansandanimals_________.A.dependononesenseinchoosingfoodB.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfoodC.choosefoodinsimilarwaysD.eatentirelydifferentfood32.Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.ThesmallbirD.C.Thebear.D.Thefox.33.Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen___________.A.theseasonchangesB.thefoodcolorchangesC.theymovetodifferentplacesD.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells34.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat__________.A.foodischosenforagoodreasonB.FrenchandBritishfoodisgoodC.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffoodD.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet35.Whereprobablyisthepassagefrom?A.A.storybook.B.A.magazineonsciencE.C.A.sportsnewspaper.D.A.traveljournal.
Owningasmartphonemaynotbeassmartasyouthink.ItmayletyousurftheInternetlistentomusicandsnapphotoswhereveryouarebutitalsoturnsyouintoaworkaholicitseems.A.studysuggeststhatbygivingyouaccesstoemailsatalltimestheall-singingall-dancingmobilephoneaddsasmuchastwohourstoyourworkingday.ResearchersfoundthatBritonsworkanadditional460hoursayearonaverageastheyareabletorespondtoemailsontheirmobiles.ThestudybytechnologyretailerPixmaniarevealstheaverageUKworkingdayisbetween9and10hoursbutafurthertwohoursisspentrespondingtoorsendingworkemailsormakingworkcalls.Morethan90percentofofficeworkershaveemail-enabledphoneswithathirdaccessingthemmorethan20timesaday.Almostoneintenadmitsspendinguptothreehoursoutsidetheirnormalworkingdaycheckingworkemails.Someworkersconfesstheyareoncallalmost24hoursadaywithnineoutoftensayingtheymakeworkemailsandcallsoutsidetheirnormalworkinghours.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6amand7amwithmorethanathirdcheckingtheirfirstemailsinthisperiodandaquartercheckingthembetween11pmandmidnight.GhadiHobeikamarketingdirectorofPixmaniasaidTheabilitytoaccessliterallymillionsofappskeepincontactviasocialnetworksandtakephotosandvideoaswellastextandcallhasmadesmartphonesinvaluableformanypeoplE.Howevertherearedrawbacks.Manycompaniesexpecttheiremployeestobeoncall24hoursadaysevendaysaweekandsmartphonesmeanthatpeopleliterallycannotgetawayfromwork.Themoreconstantlyincontactwebecomethemoreisexpectedofusinaworkcapacity容量.54.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.AllthatglittersisnotgoldB.ItneverrainsbutpoursC.EverycoinshastwosidesD.It’snogoodcryingoverspiltmilk55.Theunderlinedwordaccessinginthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby________.A.callingB.reachingC.gettingD.using56.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.TheaverageUKworkingtimeisbetweennineandtwelvehoursB.Nine-tenthsspentoverthreehourscheckingworkemailsC.One-fourthchecktheirfirstmailbetween11pmandmidnight.D.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6amand8am.57.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.workaholicslikesmartphones.B.Smartphonesbringaboutextrawork.C.smartphonesmakeourlifeeasier.D.Employersdon’tlikesmartphones.
China’snewtermtuhaomaybeinnextyear’sOxfordEnglishDictionary.Thewordcaughttheattentionofthedictionary'seditingteamafterBBC’srecentprogramoninfluentialChinesewords.IfitsinfluencecontinuesitisverylikelytoappearonourupdatedlistofwordssaidJulieKleemanprojectmanagerwiththeeditingteam.InChinesetumeansuncouth笨拙的andhaomeansrich.IthastraditionallybeenreferredtorichpeoplewhothrowtheirweightaroundinChina’scountrysidE.ThewordbecamemorepopularinSeptemberwiththelaunchofApple’snewgold-colorediPhonewhichislovedbyChina’srichpeoplE.ThecolorbecameknownastuhaogolD.Thewordisnowalsousedbytheonlinecommunitytorefertopeoplewhohavethecashbutlacktheclasstogowithit.KleemanalsomentionedtwootherChinesewords—damaandhukou—whichmayalsomakeitintothedictionary.Peoplecanhaveanintuitive直观的graspofthemeaningsiftheyseepinyinKleemansaidaddingthatpeopleavoidusinganEnglishwordtokeeptheoriginalmeaning.Wehavenearly120Chinese-linkedwordsnowinOxfordEnglishDictionaryshesaiD.Someofthemare:Guanxiwhichmeansconnection;Taikonautamixoftaikongmeaningouterspaceandastronaut.ThenewwordswillbefirstuploadedontheofficialwebsitebeforethedictionariesarrivE.Theonlineversionisalsorenewedeverythreemonths.Itatleastbrokeouroldrules.Itusedtotake10yearstoincludeanewwordbutnowwekeepthepacewiththetimeaccordingtoastatementfromex-chief-editorJohnSimpson.64.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetext?A.DamaandhukouhavemadeitintoOxfordEnglishdictionary.B.SomeinfluentialChinesewordsappearedononeofBBC’srecentprograms.C.tuhaoreferstopeoplewhohaveboththecashandtheclass.D.JohnSimpsonthinksthatitisnotgoodtobreakoldrules.65.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph2mean?A.Giveorderstoothers.B.Getreadytohelpothers.C.Goonadiet.D.Putonweight.66.TuhaobecomesmorepopularinSeptemberpartlybecause______.A.itisverylikelytoappearinOxfordEnglishDictionaryB.itisoftenusedbytheonlinecommunityC.peopleuseChinesepinyintokeeptheoriginalmeaningD.Applelaunchedanewgold-colorediPhone67.Themainideaofthetextisthat______.A.tuhaomayendupinOxfordEnglishDictionaryB.sometimespinyinmakesChinesewordsbetterunderstoodC.tuhaohasanewmeaningatthepresenttimeD.OxfordEnglishDictionaryIncludesnewwordsfasterthanbefore
Withoutmostpeoplerealizingittherehasbeenrevolutioninofficeworkoverthelasttenyears.Beforethattimelargecomputerswereonlyusedbylargerichcompaniesthatcouldaffordtheinvestment.Withtheadvancementoftechnologysmallcomputershavecomeontothemarketwhicharecapableofdoingtheworkwhichusedtobedonebymuchlargerandexpensivecomputerssonowmostsmallercompaniescanusethem.ThemaindevelopmentinsmallcomputershasbeeninthefieldofwordprocessorsystemorWPSastheyareoftencalleD.40%ofBritishofficesarenowestimatedtohaveawordprocessorandthispercentageisgrowingfast.Therearemanyadvantagesinusingawordprocessorforbothsecretaryandmanager.Thesecretaryisfreedfromalotofdailyworksuchasretypinglettersandstoringpapers.Heorshecanusethistimetodoothermoreinterestingworkfortheboss.Fromamanager'spointofviewsecretarialtimeisbeingmadebetteruseofandmoneycanbesavedbydoingdailyjobsautomaticallyoutsideofficehours.Butisitallgood?IfalotofdailysecretarialworkcanbedoneautomaticallysurelythiswillmeanthatfewersecretarieswillbeneedeD.Anotherworryistheincreasingmedicalproblemsrelatedtoworkwithvisualdisplayunits显示器.Theuneaseofaslowlossofsightamongpeopleusingwordprocessorsseemstohaverisengreatly.ItisalsofearedthatifawomanworksataVDUforlonghourstheunbornchildinherbodymightbekilleD.SafetyscreenstoputoveraVDUhavebeeninventedbutfewcompaniesinEnglandbothertobuythem.WhatevertheargumentsforandagainstwordprocessorstheyareakeyfeatureofthisrevolutioninofficepracticE.43.Tenyearsagolargecomputerswereonlyusedbylargecompaniesbecause_________.A.smallcompaniesdidnothaveenoughmoneytobuysuchexpensivecomputersB.largecomputerscouldnotdotheworkthatsmallcompaniescandotodayC.largecomputersdidnotcomeontothemarketD.smallcompaniesdidnotneedtousethisnewtechnology44.Accordingtothewriterthemainprogressmadeinofficeworkoverthelasttenyearsis________.A.thesavingoftimeandmoneyB.theuseofcomputersinbigcompaniesC.thewideuseofwordprocessorsD.thedecreasingnumberofsecretaries45Wecaninferfromthepassagethatwiththeuseofwordprocessors_________.A.somesecretarieswilllosetheirjobsB.alljobscanbedoneautomaticallyoutsideofficehoursC.medicalproblemsrelatedtoworkwithaVDUmusthaveincreasedD.theBritishcompanieswillmakelessmoney46.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesinusingawordprocessor.B.TheBritishcompaniescaremuchforthehealthofthepeopleusingwordprocessors.C.Thetechnologyinthefieldofcomputershasbeengreatlyadvancedoverthelasttenyears.D.Usingwordprocessorssecretariescangetmoretimetodomoreinterestingworkfortheirbosses.
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