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? ?阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?{{B}}ElectricBackpack{{/B}}??Backpacksareconvenient.They canholdyourbooksyourlunchandachangeofclothesleavingyourhands freetodootherthings.Somedayifyoudon’tmindcarryingaheavyloadyour backpacksmightalsopoweryourMF3playerkeepyourcellphonerunningand maybeevenlightyourwayhome.??LawrenceC.Romeandhis colleaguesfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphiaandtheMarine BiologicalLaboratoryinWoodsHoleMass.haveinventedabackpackthatmakes electricityfromenergyproducedwhileitswearerwalks.Inmilitaryactions search-and-rescueoperationsandscientificfieldstudiespeoplerely increasinglyoncellphonesglobalpositioningsystemGPSreceivers night-visiongogglesandotherbattery-powereddevicestogetaroundanddo theirwork.?Thebackpack’selectricity-generatingfeaturecould dramaticallyreducetheamountofawearer’sloadnowdevotedtospare batteriesreportRomeandhiscolleaguesintheSept.9Science.? ?Thebackpack’selectricity-creatingpowersdependonspringsusedtohang aclothpackfromitsmetalframe.Theframesitsagainstthewearer’sbackand thewholepackmovesupanddownasthepersonwalks.Agearmechanismconverts verticalmovementsofthepacktorotarymotionsofanelectricalgenerator producingupto7.4watts.??Unexpectedlytestsshowedthat wearersofthenewbackpackaltertheirgaitsinresponsetothepack’s oscillationssothattheycarryloadsmorecomfortablyandwithlesseffort thantheydoordinarybackpacks.BecauseofthatsurprisingadvantageRome planstocommercializebothelectricandnon-electricversionsofthe backpack.??Thebackpackcouldbeespeciallyusefulforsoldiers scientistsmountaineersandemergencyworkerswhotypicallycarryheavy backpacks.Fortherestofuspower-generatingbackpackscouldmakeitpossible towalkplayvideogameswatchTVandlistentomusicallatthesamelime. Electricity-generatingpacksaren’tonthemarketyetbutifyoudogetone eventuallyjustmakesuretolookbothwaysbeforecrossingthe street!AccordingtoParagraph4.whatdoesRomeplantodo?
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ?{{B}}CaptainCookArrowLegend{{/B}}??Itwasagreatlegend whileitlastedbutDNAtestinghas{{U}}?51?{{/U}}endeda two-century-oldstoryoftheHawaiianarrowcarvedfromtheboneofBritish explorerCaptainJamesCook{{U}}?52?{{/U}}diedintheSandwichIslands in1779.??Thereis{{U}}?53?{{/U}}Cookinthe AustralianMuseummuseumcollectionmanagerJudePhilipsaidnotlongagoin announcingtheDNAevidencethatthearrowwasnotmadeofCook’sbone.Butthat willnotstopthemuseumfromcontinuingtodisplaythearrowinits{{U}} ?54?{{/U}}Uncovered:TreasuresoftheAustralianMuseumwhich{{U}} ?55?{{/U}}includeafeathercapepresentedtoCookbyHawaiianKing Kalani’opu’uin1778.??CookwasoneofBritain’sgreatexplorers andiscreditedwith{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theGreatSouthLand{{U}} ?57?{{/U}}Australiain1770.HewasclubbedtodeathintheSandwich IslandsnowHawaii.??ThelegendofCook’sarrowbeganin1824{{U}} ?58?{{/U}}Hawah’anKingKamehamehaonhis.deathbedgavethearrowm WilliamAdamsaLondonsurgeonandrelativeofCook’swifesayingitwasmade ofCook’sboneafterthefatal{{U}}?59?{{/U}}withislanders.? ?Inthe1890sthearrowwasgiventotheAustralianMuseumandthelegend continued{{U}}?60?{{/U}}itcameface-to-facewithscience.? ?DNAtestingbylaboratoriesinAustraliaandNewZealandrevealedthe arrowwasnotmadeofCook’sbonebutwasmore{{U}}?61?{{/U}}madeof animalbonesaidPhilp.??HoweverCook’sfans{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}togiveuphopethatoneCooklegendwillprovetrueandthatpartof hisremainswillstillbeuncoveredastheysaythereisevidencenotallof Cook’sbodywas{{U}}?63?{{/U}}atseain1779.Onthisoccasion technologyhaswonsaidCliffThorntonpresidentoftheCaptainCookSociety ina{{U}}?64?{{/U}}fromBritain.ButIam{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}thatoneofthesedays...oneoftheCooklegendswillprovetobe trueanditwillhappenoneday.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????{{B}}Light NightDarkStars{{/B}}??Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestep outsidetogazeattheirnightsky.Onaclearnightwithnocloudsmoonlight orartificiallightstoblocktheview.peoplecanseemorethan14000starsin theskysaysDennisWard.anastronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationfor AtmosphericResearchUCARinBoulder.Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurroundedby citylightshesaysthey’reluckytoseeISOstars.??Ifyou’ve everdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance you’vewitnessedfightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlightsoffice buildingssignsandothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenight sky.ThishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenat nightbigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollutionmakingstargazing difficult.??Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesand industriesworsentheeffectsoflightpollution.Ifonecityhasalotmore lightpollutionthananother.Wardsaysthatcitywillsuffertheeffectsof lightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale.??Hazyskiesalsomake itfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.??Cities aregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark.ruralareas.Lightfrom allthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringthefaintlightgivenoffby distantstars.Andifscientistscan’tlocatetheseobjectstheycan’tlearn moreaboutthem.??Lightpollutiondoesn’tonlyaffectstar visibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It’sclearthatartificiallightcan attractanimalsmakingthemgooffcourse.There’sincreasingevidencefor examplethatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway saysSydneyGauthreauxJr.ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina. Whenlightoccursatnighthesaysithasaverydisruptiveinfluence. Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowershigh-risesandcablesfromradioand televisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayevery year.WhichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtothetitleLightNightDarkStars?
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ???{{B}}InventorofLED{{/B}}??WhenNickHolonyak setouttocreateanewkindofvisiblelightingusingsemiconductoralloyshis colleaguesthoughthewasunrealistic.Todayhisdiscoveryoflight-emitting diodesorLEDsareusedineverythingfromDVDstoalarmclockstoairports. Dozensofhisstudentshavecontinuedhisworkdevelopinglightingusedin trafficlightsandothereverydaytechnology.??OnApril232004 Holonyakreceivedthe$500000Lemelson-MITPrizeataceremonyinWashington. Thismarksthe10thyearthattheLemelson-MITProgramattheMassachusetts InstituteofTechnologyMIThasgiventheawardtoprominent inventors.??Anytimeyougetanawardbigorlittleit’salways asurpriseHolonyaksaid.??Holonyak75wasastudentofJohn Bardeenaninventorofthetransistorintheearly1950s.Aftergraduate schoolHolonyakworkedatBellLabs.HelaterwenttoGeneralElectricwhere heinventedaswitchnowwidelyusedinhousedimmerswitches.? ?LaterHolonyakstartedlookingintohowsemiconductorscouldbeusedto generatelight.Butwhilehiscolleagueswerelookingathowtogenerate invisiblelighthewantedtogeneratevisiblelight.TheLEDsheinventedin 1962nowlastabout10timeslongerthanincandescentbulbsandaremore environmentallyfriendlyandcosteffective.??Holonyaknowa professorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandphysicsattheUniversity ofIllinoissaidhesuspectedthatLEDswouldbecomeascommonplaceastheyare todaybutdidn’trealizehowmanyusestheywouldhave.??You don’tknowinthebeginning.Youthinkyou’redoingsomethingimportantyou thinkit’sworthdoingbutyoureallycan’ttellwhatthebigpayoffisgoing tobeandwhenandhow.Youjustdon’tknowhesaid.??The Lemelson-MITProgramalsorecognizedEdithFlanigen75withthe$100000 Lemelson-MITLifetimeAchievementAwardforherworkonanewgenerationof molecularsievesthatcanseparatemoleculesby size.HolonyakbelievedthatLEDswouldbecomeverypopularinthefuture.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求．从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ????{{B}}MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGood Thing{{/B}}??1?Althoughthedangersoftoolittlesleepare widelyknownnewresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalso suffertheconsequences.??2?InvestigatorsattheUniversity ofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewhoclockup9or10hourseach weeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingandstayingasleepaswellasa. numberofothersleepproblemsthanpeoplewhosleep8hoursanight.People whosleptonly?hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmoretroublefallingasleep andfeelingrefreshedafteranight’ssleepthan8-hoursleepers.? ?3?ThesefindingswhichDr.DanielKripkereportedinthejournal PsychosomaticMedicinedemonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnight’s restmaynotneedtosetasidemorethanghoursanight.Headdedthatit mightbeagoodideaforpeoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseachnightto considerreducingtheamountoftimetheyspendinbedbutcautionedthatmore researchisneededtoconfirmthis.??4?Previousstudies haveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleep--forinstance onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplessthan7hourseach nighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleep more.??5?ForthecurrentreportKripkereviewedthe responsesof1004adultstosleepquestionnairesinwhichparticipants indicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheweekandwhethertheyexperiencedany sleepproblems.Sleepproblemsincludedwakinginthemiddleofthenight arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallbacktosleepandhaving fatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning.??6?Kripke foundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremorelikely toreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours.Inan interviewKripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestatnight simplybecausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed.Asevidenceheaddedthatone waytohelpinsomniaistospendlesstimeinbed.Itstandstoreasonthatif apersonspendstoolongatimeinbedthenthey’llspendahigherpercentage oftimeawakehesaid.Paragraph2______ A?Kripke’sResearchToo1 B?DangersofHabitualShortagesofSleep C?CriticismonKripke’sReport D?AWayofOvercomingInsomnia E?SleepProblemsofLongandShortSleepers F?ClassificationofSleepProblems
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{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ????????{{B}}FordAbandonsElectric Vehicles{{/B}}??TheFordmotorcompany’sabandonmentofelectric carseffectivelysignalstheendoftheroadforthetechnologyanalysts say.??GeneralMotorsandHondaceasedproductionof battery-poweredcarsin1999tofocusonfuelcellandhybridelectricgasoline engineswhicharemoreattractivetotheconsumer.Fordhasnowannouncedit willdothesame.??Threeyearsagothecompanyintroducedthe ThinkCitytwo-seatercarandagolfcartcalledtheTHINKorThinkNeighborIt hopedtosell5000carseachyearand10000carts.Butalackofdemandmeans onlyabout1000ofthecarshavebeenproducedandlessthan1700cartshave beensoldsofarin2002.??Thebottomlineiswedon’tbelieve thatthisisthefutureofenvironmenttransportforthemassmarketTim HolmesofFordEuropesaidonFriday.Wefeelwehavegivenelectricourbest shot.??TheThinkCityhasarangeofonlyabout55milesandup toasix-hourbatteryrechargetime.GeneralMotors’EVIelectricvehiclealso hadalimitedrangeofabout100miles.??Theveryexpensive batteriesalsomeanelectriccarscostmuchmorethanpetrol-powered alternatives.AnelectricToyotaRAV4EVvehiclecostsover$42000intheUS comparedwithjust$17000forthepetrolversion.ToyotaandNissanarenow theonlymajorautomanufacturerstoproduceelectricvehicles.? ?Thereisafeelingthatbatteryelectrichasbeengivenitschance.Ford nowhastomoveonwithitshybridprogramandthatiswhatwewillbejudging themonRogerHigmanaseniortransportcampaigneratUKFriendsofthe EarthtoldtheEnvironmentNewsService.??Hybridcarsintroduced byToyotaandHondainthepastfewyearshavesoldwell.Hybridenginesoffer greatermileagethanpetrol-onlyenginesandthebatteriesrechargethemselves. Fordsaysitthinkssuchvehicleswillhelpitmeetplannednewguidelineson vehicleemissionsintheUS.??Howeveritisnotyetclear exactlywhatthoseguidelineswillpermit.InJuneGeneralMotorsandDaimler ChryslerwonacourtinjunctiondelayingbytwoyearsCalifornianlegislation requiringcar-makerstooffer100000zero-emissionandotherlow-emission vehiclesinthestateby2003.Carmanufacturershopethelegislationwillbe rewrittentoallowformorelow-emissionratherthanzero-emission vehicles.Whichautomanufacturersarestillproducingelectricvehicles?
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ???{{B}}InventorofLED{{/B}}??WhenNickHolonyak setouttocreateanewkindofvisiblelightingusingsemiconductoralloyshis colleaguesthoughthewasunrealistic.Todayhisdiscoveryoflight-emitting diodesorLEDsareusedineverythingfromDVDstoalarmclockstoairports. Dozensofhisstudentshavecontinuedhisworkdevelopinglightingusedin trafficlightsandothereverydaytechnology.??OnApril232004 Holonyakreceivedthe$500000Lemelson-MITPrizeataceremonyinWashington. Thismarksthe10thyearthattheLemelson-MITProgramattheMassachusetts InstituteofTechnologyMIThasgiventheawardtoprominent inventors.??Anytimeyougetanawardbigorlittleit’salways asurpriseHolonyaksaid.??Holonyak75wasastudentofJohn Bardeenaninventorofthetransistorintheearly1950s.Aftergraduate schoolHolonyakworkedatBellLabs.HelaterwenttoGeneralElectricwhere heinventedaswitchnowwidelyusedinhousedimmerswitches.? ?LaterHolonyakstartedlookingintohowsemiconductorscouldbeusedto generatelight.Butwhilehiscolleagueswerelookingathowtogenerate invisiblelighthewantedtogeneratevisiblelight.TheLEDsheinventedin 1962nowlastabout10timeslongerthanincandescentbulbsandaremore environmentallyfriendlyandcosteffective.??Holonyaknowa professorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandphysicsattheUniversity ofIllinoissaidhesuspectedthatLEDswouldbecomeascommonplaceastheyare todaybutdidn’trealizehowmanyusestheywouldhave.??You don’tknowinthebeginning.Youthinkyou’redoingsomethingimportantyou thinkit’sworthdoingbutyoureallycan’ttellwhatthebigpayoffisgoing tobeandwhenandhow.Youjustdon’tknowhesaid.??The Lemelson-MITProgramalsorecognizedEdithFlanigen75withthe$100000 Lemelson-MITLifetimeAchievementAwardforherworkonanewgenerationof molecularsievesthatcanseparatemoleculesby size.HolonyakbelievedthathisstudentsthatwereworkingwithhimontheprojectwouldgettheLemelson-MITPrizesoonerorlater.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}MobilePhones{{/B}}??Mobilephonesshouldcarrya labeliftheyprovedtobeadangeroussourceofradiationaccordingtoRobert Bellascientist.Andnomoremobilephonetransmittertowersshouldbebuilt untilthelong-termhealtheffectsoftheelectromagneticradiationtheyemit arescientificallyevaluatedhesaid.Nobody’sgoingtodropdeadovernight butweshouldbeaskingformorescientificinformationRobertBellsaidata conferenceonthehealtheffectsoflow-levelradiation.{{U}}?46 ?{{/U}}.??Areportwidelycirculatedamongthepublicsays thatuptonowscientistsdonotreallyknowenoughtoguaranteethereareno ill-effectsonhumansfromelectromagneticradiation.AccordingtoRobertBell thereaxe3.3millionmobilephonesinAustraliaaloneandtheyareincreasing by2000aday.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}.??Aswellthereare 2000transmittertowersaroundAustraliamanyinhighdensityresidential areas.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}Theelectromagneticradiationemittedfromthese towersmayhavealreadyproducedsomeharmfuleffectsonthehealthofthe residentsnearby.??RobertBellsuggeststhatuntilmoreresearch iscompletedtheGovernmentshouldbanconstructionofphonetowersfromwithin a500metreradiusofschoolgroundschildcamcentreshospitalssports playingfieldsandresidentialareaswithahighpercentageofchildren.{{U}} ?49?{{/U}}.Headdsthatthereisalsoevidencethatifcancer sufferersalesubjectedtoelectromagneticwavesthegrowthrateofthedisease accelerates.??{{U}}?50?{{/U}}.AccordingtoRobert Bellitisreasonableforthemajortelephonecompaniestofundit.Besideshe alsourgestheGovernmenttosetupawide-ranginginquiryintopossiblehealth effects.A?Hesaysthereisemergingevidencethatchildrenabsorb low-levelradiationataratemorethanthreetimesthatofadults.B ?Bytheyear2000itisestimatedthatAustraliawillhave8millionmobile phones:nearlyoneforeverytwopeople.C?Ifmobilephonesarefound tobedangeroustheyshouldcarryawarninglabeluntilpropershieldscanbe devisedhesaid.D?Thenwhofinancestheresearch?E?For exampleTelstraOptusandVodaphonebuildtheirtowerswhereitis geographicallysuitabletothemanddisregardtheneedofthecommunity.F ?Theconclusionisthatmobilephonesbringsmoreharmthanbenefit.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ???{{B}}InventorofLED{{/B}}??WhenNickHolonyak setouttocreateanewkindofvisiblelightingusingsemiconductoralloyshis colleaguesthoughthewasunrealistic.Todayhisdiscoveryoflight-emitting diodesorLEDsareusedineverythingfromDVDstoalarmclockstoairports. Dozensofhisstudentshavecontinuedhisworkdevelopinglightingusedin trafficlightsandothereverydaytechnology.??OnApril232004 Holonyakreceivedthe$500000Lemelson-MITPrizeataceremonyinWashington. Thismarksthe10thyearthattheLemelson-MITProgramattheMassachusetts InstituteofTechnologyMIThasgiventheawardtoprominent inventors.??Anytimeyougetanawardbigorlittleit’salways asurpriseHolonyaksaid.??Holonyak75wasastudentofJohn Bardeenaninventorofthetransistorintheearly1950s.Aftergraduate schoolHolonyakworkedatBellLabs.HelaterwenttoGeneralElectricwhere heinventedaswitchnowwidelyusedinhousedimmerswitches.? ?LaterHolonyakstartedlookingintohowsemiconductorscouldbeusedto generatelight.Butwhilehiscolleagueswerelookingathowtogenerate invisiblelighthewantedtogeneratevisiblelight.TheLEDsheinventedin 1962nowlastabout10timeslongerthanincandescentbulbsandaremore environmentallyfriendlyandcosteffective.??Holonyaknowa professorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandphysicsattheUniversity ofIllinoissaidhesuspectedthatLEDswouldbecomeascommonplaceastheyare todaybutdidn’trealizehowmanyusestheywouldhave.??You don’tknowinthebeginning.Youthinkyou’redoingsomethingimportantyou thinkit’sworthdoingbutyoureallycan’ttellwhatthebigpayoffisgoing tobeandwhenandhow.Youjustdon’tknowhesaid.??The Lemelson-MITProgramalsorecognizedEdithFlanigen75withthe$100000 Lemelson-MITLifetimeAchievementAwardforherworkonanewgenerationof molecularsievesthatcanseparatemoleculesby size.EdithFlanigenistheonlyco-inventorofLEDs.
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求．从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ????{{B}}MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGood Thing{{/B}}??1?Althoughthedangersoftoolittlesleepare widelyknownnewresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalso suffertheconsequences.??2?InvestigatorsattheUniversity ofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewhoclockup9or10hourseach weeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingandstayingasleepaswellasa. numberofothersleepproblemsthanpeoplewhosleep8hoursanight.People whosleptonly?hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmoretroublefallingasleep andfeelingrefreshedafteranight’ssleepthan8-hoursleepers.? ?3?ThesefindingswhichDr.DanielKripkereportedinthejournal PsychosomaticMedicinedemonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnight’s restmaynotneedtosetasidemorethanghoursanight.Headdedthatit mightbeagoodideaforpeoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseachnightto considerreducingtheamountoftimetheyspendinbedbutcautionedthatmore researchisneededtoconfirmthis.??4?Previousstudies haveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleep--forinstance onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplessthan7hourseach nighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleep more.??5?ForthecurrentreportKripkereviewedthe responsesof1004adultstosleepquestionnairesinwhichparticipants indicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheweekandwhethertheyexperiencedany sleepproblems.Sleepproblemsincludedwakinginthemiddleofthenight arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallbacktosleepandhaving fatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning.??6?Kripke foundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremorelikely toreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours.Inan interviewKripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestatnight simplybecausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed.Asevidenceheaddedthatone waytohelpinsomniaistospendlesstimeinbed.Itstandstoreasonthatif apersonspendstoolongatimeinbedthenthey’llspendahigherpercentage oftimeawakehesaid.Paragraph5______
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????{{B}}Light NightDarkStars{{/B}}??Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestep outsidetogazeattheirnightsky.Onaclearnightwithnocloudsmoonlight orartificiallightstoblocktheview.peoplecanseemorethan14000starsin theskysaysDennisWard.anastronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationfor AtmosphericResearchUCARinBoulder.Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurroundedby citylightshesaysthey’reluckytoseeISOstars.??Ifyou’ve everdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance you’vewitnessedfightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlightsoffice buildingssignsandothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenight sky.ThishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenat nightbigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollutionmakingstargazing difficult.??Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesand industriesworsentheeffectsoflightpollution.Ifonecityhasalotmore lightpollutionthananother.Wardsaysthatcitywillsuffertheeffectsof lightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale.??Hazyskiesalsomake itfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.??Cities aregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark.ruralareas.Lightfrom allthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringthefaintlightgivenoffby distantstars.Andifscientistscan’tlocatetheseobjectstheycan’tlearn moreaboutthem.??Lightpollutiondoesn’tonlyaffectstar visibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It’sclearthatartificiallightcan attractanimalsmakingthemgooffcourse.There’sincreasingevidencefor examplethatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway saysSydneyGauthreauxJr.ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina. Whenlightoccursatnighthesaysithasaverydisruptiveinfluence. Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowershigh-risesandcablesfromradioand televisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayevery year.Whencanpeoplesee14000stars?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?{{B}}ElectricBackpack{{/B}}??Backpacksareconvenient.They canholdyourbooksyourlunchandachangeofclothesleavingyourhands freetodootherthings.Somedayifyoudon’tmindcarryingaheavyloadyour backpacksmightalsopoweryourMF3playerkeepyourcellphonerunningand maybeevenlightyourwayhome.??LawrenceC.Romeandhis colleaguesfromtheUniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphiaandtheMarine BiologicalLaboratoryinWoodsHoleMass.haveinventedabackpackthatmakes electricityfromenergyproducedwhileitswearerwalks.Inmilitaryactions search-and-rescueoperationsandscientificfieldstudiespeoplerely increasinglyoncellphonesglobalpositioningsystemGPSreceivers night-visiongogglesandotherbattery-powereddevicestogetaroundanddo theirwork.?Thebackpack’selectricity-generatingfeaturecould dramaticallyreducetheamountofawearer’sloadnowdevotedtospare batteriesreportRomeandhiscolleaguesintheSept.9Science.? ?Thebackpack’selectricity-creatingpowersdependonspringsusedtohang aclothpackfromitsmetalframe.Theframesitsagainstthewearer’sbackand thewholepackmovesupanddownasthepersonwalks.Agearmechanismconverts verticalmovementsofthepacktorotarymotionsofanelectricalgenerator producingupto7.4watts.??Unexpectedlytestsshowedthat wearersofthenewbackpackaltertheirgaitsinresponsetothepack’s oscillationssothattheycarryloadsmorecomfortablyandwithlesseffort thantheydoordinarybackpacks.BecauseofthatsurprisingadvantageRome planstocommercializebothelectricandnon-electricversionsofthe backpack.??Thebackpackcouldbeespeciallyusefulforsoldiers scientistsmountaineersandemergencyworkerswhotypicallycarryheavy backpacks.Fortherestofuspower-generatingbackpackscouldmakeitpossible towalkplayvideogameswatchTVandlistentomusicallatthesamelime. Electricity-generatingpacksaren’tonthemarketyetbutifyoudogetone eventuallyjustmakesuretolookbothwaysbeforecrossingthe street!WhatisthemostimportantfeatureofthebackpackinventedbyLawrenceC.Romeandhiscolleagues?
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ????????{{B}}FordAbandonsElectric Vehicles{{/B}}??TheFordmotorcompany’sabandonmentofelectric carseffectivelysignalstheendoftheroadforthetechnologyanalysts say.??GeneralMotorsandHondaceasedproductionof battery-poweredcarsin1999tofocusonfuelcellandhybridelectricgasoline engineswhicharemoreattractivetotheconsumer.Fordhasnowannouncedit willdothesame.??Threeyearsagothecompanyintroducedthe ThinkCitytwo-seatercarandagolfcartcalledtheTHINKorThinkNeighborIt hopedtosell5000carseachyearand10000carts.Butalackofdemandmeans onlyabout1000ofthecarshavebeenproducedandlessthan1700cartshave beensoldsofarin2002.??Thebottomlineiswedon’tbelieve thatthisisthefutureofenvironmenttransportforthemassmarketTim HolmesofFordEuropesaidonFriday.Wefeelwehavegivenelectricourbest shot.??TheThinkCityhasarangeofonlyabout55milesandup toasix-hourbatteryrechargetime.GeneralMotors’EVIelectricvehiclealso hadalimitedrangeofabout100miles.??Theveryexpensive batteriesalsomeanelectriccarscostmuchmorethanpetrol-powered alternatives.AnelectricToyotaRAV4EVvehiclecostsover$42000intheUS comparedwithjust$17000forthepetrolversion.ToyotaandNissanarenow theonlymajorautomanufacturerstoproduceelectricvehicles.? ?Thereisafeelingthatbatteryelectrichasbeengivenitschance.Ford nowhastomoveonwithitshybridprogramandthatiswhatwewillbejudging themonRogerHigmanaseniortransportcampaigneratUKFriendsofthe EarthtoldtheEnvironmentNewsService.??Hybridcarsintroduced byToyotaandHondainthepastfewyearshavesoldwell.Hybridenginesoffer greatermileagethanpetrol-onlyenginesandthebatteriesrechargethemselves. Fordsaysitthinkssuchvehicleswillhelpitmeetplannednewguidelineson vehicleemissionsintheUS.??Howeveritisnotyetclear exactlywhatthoseguidelineswillpermit.InJuneGeneralMotorsandDaimler ChryslerwonacourtinjunctiondelayingbytwoyearsCalifornianlegislation requiringcar-makerstooffer100000zero-emissionandotherlow-emission vehiclesinthestateby2003.Carmanufacturershopethelegislationwillbe rewrittentoallowformorelow-emissionratherthanzero-emission vehicles.WhathavetheFordmotorcompanyGeneralMotor’sandHondadoneconcerningelectriccars?
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求．从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ????{{B}}MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGood Thing{{/B}}??1?Althoughthedangersoftoolittlesleepare widelyknownnewresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalso suffertheconsequences.??2?InvestigatorsattheUniversity ofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewhoclockup9or10hourseach weeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingandstayingasleepaswellasa. numberofothersleepproblemsthanpeoplewhosleep8hoursanight.People whosleptonly?hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmoretroublefallingasleep andfeelingrefreshedafteranight’ssleepthan8-hoursleepers.? ?3?ThesefindingswhichDr.DanielKripkereportedinthejournal PsychosomaticMedicinedemonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnight’s restmaynotneedtosetasidemorethanghoursanight.Headdedthatit mightbeagoodideaforpeoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseachnightto considerreducingtheamountoftimetheyspendinbedbutcautionedthatmore researchisneededtoconfirmthis.??4?Previousstudies haveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleep--forinstance onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplessthan7hourseach nighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleep more.??5?ForthecurrentreportKripkereviewedthe responsesof1004adultstosleepquestionnairesinwhichparticipants indicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheweekandwhethertheyexperiencedany sleepproblems.Sleepproblemsincludedwakinginthemiddleofthenight arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallbacktosleepandhaving fatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning.??6?Kripke foundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremorelikely toreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours.Inan interviewKripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestatnight simplybecausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed.Asevidenceheaddedthatone waytohelpinsomniaistospendlesstimeinbed.Itstandstoreasonthatif apersonspendstoolongatimeinbedthenthey’llspendahigherpercentage oftimeawakehesaid.Togetagoodnight’srestpeoplemaynotneedto______. A?fallasleepagain. B?becomemoreenergeticthefollowingday C?sleeplessthan7hours D?confirmthoseseriousconsequences E?suffersleepproblems F?sleepmorethan8hours
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ?{{B}}CaptainCookArrowLegend{{/B}}??Itwasagreatlegend whileitlastedbutDNAtestinghas{{U}}?51?{{/U}}endeda two-century-oldstoryoftheHawaiianarrowcarvedfromtheboneofBritish explorerCaptainJamesCook{{U}}?52?{{/U}}diedintheSandwichIslands in1779.??Thereis{{U}}?53?{{/U}}Cookinthe AustralianMuseummuseumcollectionmanagerJudePhilipsaidnotlongagoin announcingtheDNAevidencethatthearrowwasnotmadeofCook’sbone.Butthat willnotstopthemuseumfromcontinuingtodisplaythearrowinits{{U}} ?54?{{/U}}Uncovered:TreasuresoftheAustralianMuseumwhich{{U}} ?55?{{/U}}includeafeathercapepresentedtoCookbyHawaiianKing Kalani’opu’uin1778.??CookwasoneofBritain’sgreatexplorers andiscreditedwith{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theGreatSouthLand{{U}} ?57?{{/U}}Australiain1770.HewasclubbedtodeathintheSandwich IslandsnowHawaii.??ThelegendofCook’sarrowbeganin1824{{U}} ?58?{{/U}}Hawah’anKingKamehamehaonhis.deathbedgavethearrowm WilliamAdamsaLondonsurgeonandrelativeofCook’swifesayingitwasmade ofCook’sboneafterthefatal{{U}}?59?{{/U}}withislanders.? ?Inthe1890sthearrowwasgiventotheAustralianMuseumandthelegend continued{{U}}?60?{{/U}}itcameface-to-facewithscience.? ?DNAtestingbylaboratoriesinAustraliaandNewZealandrevealedthe arrowwasnotmadeofCook’sbonebutwasmore{{U}}?61?{{/U}}madeof animalbonesaidPhilp.??HoweverCook’sfans{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}togiveuphopethatoneCooklegendwillprovetrueandthatpartof hisremainswillstillbeuncoveredastheysaythereisevidencenotallof Cook’sbodywas{{U}}?63?{{/U}}atseain1779.Onthisoccasion technologyhaswonsaidCliffThorntonpresidentoftheCaptainCookSociety ina{{U}}?64?{{/U}}fromBritain.ButIam{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}thatoneofthesedays...oneoftheCooklegendswillprovetobe trueanditwillhappenoneday.
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{{*HTML*}}阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}MobilePhones{{/B}}??Mobilephonesshouldcarrya labeliftheyprovedtobeadangeroussourceofradiationaccordingtoRobert Bellascientist.Andnomoremobilephonetransmittertowersshouldbebuilt untilthelong-termhealtheffectsoftheelectromagneticradiationtheyemit arescientificallyevaluatedhesaid.Nobody’sgoingtodropdeadovernight butweshouldbeaskingformorescientificinformationRobertBellsaidata conferenceonthehealtheffectsoflow-levelradiation.{{U}}?46 ?{{/U}}.??Areportwidelycirculatedamongthepublicsays thatuptonowscientistsdonotreallyknowenoughtoguaranteethereareno ill-effectsonhumansfromelectromagneticradiation.AccordingtoRobertBell thereaxe3.3millionmobilephonesinAustraliaaloneandtheyareincreasing by2000aday.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}.??Aswellthereare 2000transmittertowersaroundAustraliamanyinhighdensityresidential areas.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}Theelectromagneticradiationemittedfromthese towersmayhavealreadyproducedsomeharmfuleffectsonthehealthofthe residentsnearby.??RobertBellsuggeststhatuntilmoreresearch iscompletedtheGovernmentshouldbanconstructionofphonetowersfromwithin a500metreradiusofschoolgroundschildcamcentreshospitalssports playingfieldsandresidentialareaswithahighpercentageofchildren.{{U}} ?49?{{/U}}.Headdsthatthereisalsoevidencethatifcancer sufferersalesubjectedtoelectromagneticwavesthegrowthrateofthedisease accelerates.??{{U}}?50?{{/U}}.AccordingtoRobert Bellitisreasonableforthemajortelephonecompaniestofundit.Besideshe alsourgestheGovernmenttosetupawide-ranginginquiryintopossiblehealth effects.A?Hesaysthereisemergingevidencethatchildrenabsorb low-levelradiationataratemorethanthreetimesthatofadults.B ?Bytheyear2000itisestimatedthatAustraliawillhave8millionmobile phones:nearlyoneforeverytwopeople.C?Ifmobilephonesarefound tobedangeroustheyshouldcarryawarninglabeluntilpropershieldscanbe devisedhesaid.D?Thenwhofinancestheresearch?E?For exampleTelstraOptusandVodaphonebuildtheirtowerswhereitis geographicallysuitabletothemanddisregardtheneedofthecommunity.F ?Theconclusionisthatmobilephonesbringsmoreharmthanbenefit.
{{*HTML*}}阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求．从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ????{{B}}MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGood Thing{{/B}}??1?Althoughthedangersoftoolittlesleepare widelyknownnewresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalso suffertheconsequences.??2?InvestigatorsattheUniversity ofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewhoclockup9or10hourseach weeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingandstayingasleepaswellasa. numberofothersleepproblemsthanpeoplewhosleep8hoursanight.People whosleptonly?hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmoretroublefallingasleep andfeelingrefreshedafteranight’ssleepthan8-hoursleepers.? ?3?ThesefindingswhichDr.DanielKripkereportedinthejournal PsychosomaticMedicinedemonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnight’s restmaynotneedtosetasidemorethanghoursanight.Headdedthatit mightbeagoodideaforpeoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseachnightto considerreducingtheamountoftimetheyspendinbedbutcautionedthatmore researchisneededtoconfirmthis.??4?Previousstudies haveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleep--forinstance onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplessthan7hourseach nighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleep more.??5?ForthecurrentreportKripkereviewedthe responsesof1004adultstosleepquestionnairesinwhichparticipants indicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheweekandwhethertheyexperiencedany sleepproblems.Sleepproblemsincludedwakinginthemiddleofthenight arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallbacktosleepandhaving fatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning.??6?Kripke foundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremorelikely toreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours.Inan interviewKripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestatnight simplybecausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed.Asevidenceheaddedthatone waytohelpinsomniaistospendlesstimeinbed.Itstandstoreasonthatif apersonspendstoolongatimeinbedthenthey’llspendahigherpercentage oftimeawakehesaid.Oneofthesleepproblemsiswakinginthemiddleofthenightunableto______.
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HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ????????{{B}}FordAbandonsElectric Vehicles{{/B}}??TheFordmotorcompany’sabandonmentofelectric carseffectivelysignalstheendoftheroadforthetechnologyanalysts say.??GeneralMotorsandHondaceasedproductionof battery-poweredcarsin1999tofocusonfuelcellandhybridelectricgasoline engineswhicharemoreattractivetotheconsumer.Fordhasnowannouncedit willdothesame.??Threeyearsagothecompanyintroducedthe ThinkCitytwo-seatercarandagolfcartcalledtheTHINKorThinkNeighborIt hopedtosell5000carseachyearand10000carts.Butalackofdemandmeans onlyabout1000ofthecarshavebeenproducedandlessthan1700cartshave beensoldsofarin2002.??Thebottomlineiswedon’tbelieve thatthisisthefutureofenvironmenttransportforthemassmarketTim HolmesofFordEuropesaidonFriday.Wefeelwehavegivenelectricourbest shot.??TheThinkCityhasarangeofonlyabout55milesandup toasix-hourbatteryrechargetime.GeneralMotors’EVIelectricvehiclealso hadalimitedrangeofabout100miles.??Theveryexpensive batteriesalsomeanelectriccarscostmuchmorethanpetrol-powered alternatives.AnelectricToyotaRAV4EVvehiclecostsover$42000intheUS comparedwithjust$17000forthepetrolversion.ToyotaandNissanarenow theonlymajorautomanufacturerstoproduceelectricvehicles.? ?Thereisafeelingthatbatteryelectrichasbeengivenitschance.Ford nowhastomoveonwithitshybridprogramandthatiswhatwewillbejudging themonRogerHigmanaseniortransportcampaigneratUKFriendsofthe EarthtoldtheEnvironmentNewsService.??Hybridcarsintroduced byToyotaandHondainthepastfewyearshavesoldwell.Hybridenginesoffer greatermileagethanpetrol-onlyenginesandthebatteriesrechargethemselves. Fordsaysitthinkssuchvehicleswillhelpitmeetplannednewguidelineson vehicleemissionsintheUS.??Howeveritisnotyetclear exactlywhatthoseguidelineswillpermit.InJuneGeneralMotorsandDaimler ChryslerwonacourtinjunctiondelayingbytwoyearsCalifornianlegislation requiringcar-makerstooffer100000zero-emissionandotherlow-emission vehiclesinthestateby2003.Carmanufacturershopethelegislationwillbe rewrittentoallowformorelow-emissionratherthanzero-emission vehicles.Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutthehopeofcarmanufacturersaccordingtothelastparagraph?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????{{B}}Light NightDarkStars{{/B}}??Thousandsofpeoplearoundtheglobestep outsidetogazeattheirnightsky.Onaclearnightwithnocloudsmoonlight orartificiallightstoblocktheview.peoplecanseemorethan14000starsin theskysaysDennisWard.anastronomerwiththeUniversityCorporationfor AtmosphericResearchUCARinBoulder.Colo.Butwhenpeoplearesurroundedby citylightshesaysthey’reluckytoseeISOstars.??Ifyou’ve everdriventowardabigcityatnightandseenitsglowfromagreatdistance you’vewitnessedfightpollution.Itoccurswhenlightfromstreetlightsoffice buildingssignsandothersourcesstreamsintospaceandilluminatesthenight sky.ThishazeoflightmakesmanystarsinvisibletopeopleonEarth.Evenat nightbigcitieslikeNewYorkglowfromlightpollutionmakingstargazing difficult.??Dustandparticlesofpollutionfromfactoriesand industriesworsentheeffectsoflightpollution.Ifonecityhasalotmore lightpollutionthananother.Wardsaysthatcitywillsuffertheeffectsof lightpollutiononamuchgreaterscale.??Hazyskiesalsomake itfarmoredifficultforastronomerstodotheirjobs.??Cities aregettinglarger.Suburbsaregrowinginoncedark.ruralareas.Lightfrom allthisnewdevelopmentisincreasinglyobscuringthefaintlightgivenoffby distantstars.Andifscientistscan’tlocatetheseobjectstheycan’tlearn moreaboutthem.??Lightpollutiondoesn’tonlyaffectstar visibility.Itcanharmwildlifetoo.It’sclearthatartificiallightcan attractanimalsmakingthemgooffcourse.There’sincreasingevidencefor examplethatmigratingbirdsusesunsetsandsunrisestohelpfindtheirway saysSydneyGauthreauxJr.ascientistatClemsonUniversityinSouthCarolina. Whenlightoccursatnighthesaysithasaverydisruptiveinfluence. Sometimesbirdsflyintolightedtowershigh-risesandcablesfromradioand televisiontowers.Expertsestimatethatmillionsofbirdsdiethiswayevery year.Doesthewriterthinkgrowingcitiesaffectastronomers’work?Whydoeshethinkso?
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