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我国将个人储蓄存款划入( )。
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我国将个人储蓄存款划入
M
0
M
1
M
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M
3
被撤销金融机构的清算财产应当按照顺序清偿
个人储蓄存款本金、个人储蓄存款合法利息、法人和其他组织债务、股东
股东、个人储蓄存款本金、个人储蓄存款合法利息、法人和其他组织债务、
个人储蓄存款本金、法人和其他组织债务、个人储蓄存款合法利息、股东
个人储蓄存款本金、股东、法人和其他组织债务、个人储蓄存款合法利息
个人活期存款分为个人活期储蓄存款个人结算存款和定活两便储蓄存款
可续存的储种有
活期储蓄存款、定期储蓄存款、零存整取储蓄存款
活期储蓄存款、零存整取储蓄存款、教育储蓄存款
活期储蓄存款、个人通知存款、定期存续存款
任何单位和个人不得将__________以个人名义转为储蓄存款
个人存款可以分为
活期存款、整存整取、定活两便存款、个人通知存款、教育储蓄存款
活期存款、定期存款、定活两便存款、个人通知存款、教育储蓄存款
活期存款、定期存款、定活两便存款、个人协定存款、教育储蓄存款
活期存款、整存整取、理财专户存款、个人通知存款、教育储蓄存款
根据我国的货币层次的划分情况M可被定义为广义的货币供应量它包括
流通中的现金和单位活期存款
流通中的现金、单位活期存款、个人储蓄存款、单位定期存款、居民储蓄存款和其他存款
流通中的现金、单位活期存款、个人储蓄存款和单位定期存款
流通中的现金、单位活期存款、个人储蓄存款、单位定期存款、居民储蓄存款和其他存款、商业票据、大额可转让定期存单
目前我国对免征利息所得税
教育储蓄存款
保证金存款
个人通知存款
定活两便储蓄存款
我国储蓄存款中5万元起存的存款种类是
整存整取储蓄存款
定活两便储蓄存款
个人通知存款
存本取息储蓄存款
个人储蓄存款账户是指个人在我行开立 的人民币外币存款账户包括以 及其他形式的个人储蓄存款账户
活期储蓄存款账户 (含定活两便储蓄存款)
个人定期存款账户
零存整取储蓄存款账户
个人通知存款账户
个人定期存款包括等
整存整取定期储蓄存款
教育储蓄存款
存本取息定期储蓄存款
整存零取定期储蓄存款
在我国储蓄存款是指
个人存款
企业存款
同业存款
单位存款
个人定期有整存零取储蓄存款定活两便储蓄存款存本取息储蓄存款和个人通知存款
整存整取储蓄存款
零存整取储蓄存款
教育储蓄存款
定期保证金存款
个人存款可以分为
活期存款、整存整取、定活两便存款、个人通知存款、教育储蓄存款
活期存款、定期存款、定活两便存款、个人通知存款、教育储蓄存款
活期存款、定期存款、定活两便存款、个人协定存款、教育储蓄存款
活期存款、整存整取、理财专户存款、个人通知存款、教育储蓄存款
个人外汇账户全国通存通兑业务开通存款种类
个人外币活期储蓄存款
卡外币活期储蓄存款
个人外币整存整取储蓄存款
个人外币零存整取储蓄存款
我国对储蓄存款实行保护和鼓励的政策保护的内容是指居民个人对储蓄存款的
所有权
使用权
处置权
个人存款可以分为
活期存款,整存整取,定活两便存款,个人通知存款,教育储蓄存款
活期存款,定期存款,定活两便存款,个人通知存款,教育储蓄存款
活期存款,定期存款,定活两便存款,个人协定存款,教育储蓄存款
活期存款,整存整取,定活两便存款,个人协定存款,教育储蓄存款
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Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.19
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.13
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.5
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.3
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.9
Agrowingnumberofwomenarerisingtothetop--andbeginningtochangethecultureoftheworkplace.Thisshouldbeaseasonofcelebration.Afterallbymanymeasuresthere’sneverbeenabettertimetobeawoman.InplaceslikeScandinaviaandBritainathirdormoreofallcorporatemanagersarenowwomen.ThenumberoffemaleexecutivedirectorsofFISE100companiesnearlydoubledfrom2000to2004.LatinAmericahasseena50percentjumpinthenumberofwomenpoliticiansinthelastdecade.Japanvoted26newfemaleparliamentariansintoofficethisyear.Ofcoursethejewelintheequal-opportunitycrownwasthisfall’selectionofAngelaMerkel--oncenicknamedtheGirlbyHelmutKohl--toGermany’shighestoffice.Butasalwaysstatisticstellamultifacetedstory.Sureit’snolongerananomalytohaveafemaleCEO--buttherearestillonly17femaleexecutivedirectorsinthelargestFTSE100companies.IntheEUParliamentonly23outof162membersarefemale.InBritainstudiesshowthatwomenhaveneverbeenmoredissatisfiedwiththeworkplace.Nowonder:theEUpaygapbetweenmenandwomenshrankonlyonepointinthelastcoupleofyearsto17.5percent.SowheredoesallthisleaveusWithsomebigchallengesthatrequiremorefemaleleadershiptosolve.Atsomemajorcompanies--includingShellandBritishTelecom--womenarecombatingtheold-boys’clubatmospherebystartingtheirownnetworkslinkingtopfemaleleaderswithup-and-comerstheycanmentor.Laborflexibilityisalsoontheagenda;inpartsofEuropetopfemalelegislatorshavefoughttogiveemployeeswithchildrenorelderlyparentstherighttoaskforadjustablehours.Perhapsmostimportantthereisanincreasinglyvibrantdebatearoundwork-lifebalance.Studyafterstudyshowsthatitisaworkingwoman’ssecondfull-timejob--ascaregiver--thatmakesitmostdifficultforhertostayonthecareerladder.Whileextrabenefitsandlongermaternityleavecanhelptheyaren’tacompletesolution.Clearlysomeout-of-the-boxthinkingisrequired.Andthat’swherewomencomein.IncountrieslikeCameroonBoliviaandMalaysiagreaternumbersofwomeninpublicofficehaveresultedinlessspendingonthemilitaryandmoreonhealtheducationandinfrastructure.Norway’swoman-heavyParliamentrecentlypassedalawmandatingthat40percentofdirectorsoncorporateboardsbewomen.AndinGermanythearchetypaloutsider--awomanwhogrewuponthewrongsideoftheIronCurtain--willlikelytakethehelminacountrywithvirtuallynootherwomenintoppositionsofpower.NolongertheGirlbutpoisedtobecomethechancellorMerkelisasymbolofhowfarwomenhavecome--andtheworkthatremainstobedone.Whichstatementistrueaboutthechallengefacedbythefemaleleadership
YoucannotbuyPradashoesonPrada.com.InfacttherearenoworkinglinksontheWebsite.Thisisnotatechnicaldisorder.Sincethelate’9OsthesitehasbeenasinglepagewithonlythenameoftheItalianfashionhouseandtwophotographs.Nostorelocationsorhelpnumbers.Nothing.IlovePradapondersNinaDietzelpresidentofWeb-designcompany300FeetOut.Butwhat’supwiththeir’site’PradaclaimsanewWebsiteisunderdevelopment.Buthavingamysteriouslyuselesshomepageitadmitshasanallure.Itscreamsexclusivity:youcanseebutyoucan’tclick.It’sauniquelyPradasolutiontothisriddle:howtomakeyourluxurybrandworkontheInternetwithoutdiminishingitsvalue.InasensetheInternetisantitheticaltothehightouchluxuryexperience.ThereisnoindulgencebysalesstaffandcustomershavecometoseetheNetasapathtocheappricesnottop-dollargoods.There’snovelvetrope:anyonecanplaceanorderorsetupshop.That’swhyPradastrivestomaintainthelinkbetweenitsnameandtheextravagantexperienceofshoppingatstoreslikeits$40millionNewYorkflagshipdesignedbyRemKoolhaas.UnlikePradamostluxurycompaniescan’taffordtoignoretheWeb:intheUnitedStatesecommerceaccountedfor$2.5billioninluxurysales.Thatfigureisexpectedtogrowto$7billionby2010saysForresterResearch.It’sstillasmallfractionofthetotalmarketcomparedtootherretailsectorsbutfiveyearsagoanalystssaidtherewasnowayluxurywouldsellonline.Theywerebettingcustomerswouldn’tpaythatmuchontheWebandtopbrandswouldn’tgoslumminginthisbargainbasement.Oneofthefirsthigh-endluxuryretailersAshford.comhadmanywell-publicizedstruggleswithitsstockdroppingtonearrockbottomin2001.CompanieslikeNeimanMarcusthathavestrongcatalogsaleshavemadethetransitiontotheWebmoreeasily;onlinesalesarethecompany’sfastest-growingsourceofrevenue.SwisswatchmakersBreitlingandPatekPhilippehavetakenanothertackwithWebsitesthatofferonlyinformationnotsales.BreitlingdirectorofmarketingBenBalmersaysaluxurybrandneedstoofferabuyingexperiencethatonlyawell-runstorecanprovide.Howeverhenotesthatsince2002ithaspresented30percentfewercatalogsintheUnitedStatesandseensalesrisemorethan35percentthankstoexposureontheInternet.PradamaynotneedaworkingWebsiteafterall.WhatdoesthewordantitheticalLine4Paragraph2mostprobablymean
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.11
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.17
Agrowingnumberofwomenarerisingtothetop--andbeginningtochangethecultureoftheworkplace.Thisshouldbeaseasonofcelebration.Afterallbymanymeasuresthere’sneverbeenabettertimetobeawoman.InplaceslikeScandinaviaandBritainathirdormoreofallcorporatemanagersarenowwomen.ThenumberoffemaleexecutivedirectorsofFISE100companiesnearlydoubledfrom2000to2004.LatinAmericahasseena50percentjumpinthenumberofwomenpoliticiansinthelastdecade.Japanvoted26newfemaleparliamentariansintoofficethisyear.Ofcoursethejewelintheequal-opportunitycrownwasthisfall’selectionofAngelaMerkel--oncenicknamedtheGirlbyHelmutKohl--toGermany’shighestoffice.Butasalwaysstatisticstellamultifacetedstory.Sureit’snolongerananomalytohaveafemaleCEO--buttherearestillonly17femaleexecutivedirectorsinthelargestFTSE100companies.IntheEUParliamentonly23outof162membersarefemale.InBritainstudiesshowthatwomenhaveneverbeenmoredissatisfiedwiththeworkplace.Nowonder:theEUpaygapbetweenmenandwomenshrankonlyonepointinthelastcoupleofyearsto17.5percent.SowheredoesallthisleaveusWithsomebigchallengesthatrequiremorefemaleleadershiptosolve.Atsomemajorcompanies--includingShellandBritishTelecom--womenarecombatingtheold-boys’clubatmospherebystartingtheirownnetworkslinkingtopfemaleleaderswithup-and-comerstheycanmentor.Laborflexibilityisalsoontheagenda;inpartsofEuropetopfemalelegislatorshavefoughttogiveemployeeswithchildrenorelderlyparentstherighttoaskforadjustablehours.Perhapsmostimportantthereisanincreasinglyvibrantdebatearoundwork-lifebalance.Studyafterstudyshowsthatitisaworkingwoman’ssecondfull-timejob--ascaregiver--thatmakesitmostdifficultforhertostayonthecareerladder.Whileextrabenefitsandlongermaternityleavecanhelptheyaren’tacompletesolution.Clearlysomeout-of-the-boxthinkingisrequired.Andthat’swherewomencomein.IncountrieslikeCameroonBoliviaandMalaysiagreaternumbersofwomeninpublicofficehaveresultedinlessspendingonthemilitaryandmoreonhealtheducationandinfrastructure.Norway’swoman-heavyParliamentrecentlypassedalawmandatingthat40percentofdirectorsoncorporateboardsbewomen.AndinGermanythearchetypaloutsider--awomanwhogrewuponthewrongsideoftheIronCurtain--willlikelytakethehelminacountrywithvirtuallynootherwomenintoppositionsofpower.NolongertheGirlbutpoisedtobecomethechancellorMerkelisasymbolofhowfarwomenhavecome--andtheworkthatremainstobedone.Accordingtoparagraphtwowhatisthemostimportantissueofwomen’sachievementinpolitics
设则常数ab的值为______.
CouldHIVthevirusthatcausesAIDSbeweakeningTheresultsofastudyconductedinBelgiumattheInstituteofTropicalMedicineinAntwerpseemtosuggestthatinonecorneroftheworlditmightbe.ThereportpublishedinthelatestissueofAIDSaspecialistjournalconcludesthatHIV’sabilitytoreplicateknowntechnicallyasitsvirulencemayhavedecreasedsincethestartofthepandemic.KevinAdentheleadauthorofthepaperstressesthatthestudyisbasedonasmallsetofsamplesanddoesnotprovethatHIV’svirulenceisattenuatingaroundtheworld.Howeveritdoesoffernewinsightsintotheevolutionofthedisease.Dr.Arienlookedat24bloodsamplescollectedfromuntreatedpatientsattendinganHIV/AIDSclinicinAntwerp.Adozenofthesesamplesweretakenbetween1986and1989;theother12werecollectedbetween2002and2003.Firstheanalyzedthesamplestofindtheirviralloadthenumberofvirusparticlespercubiccentimeterandthesubtypeofvirusinvolved.InEuropeandNorthAmericathepredominantsubtypeisB;insub-SaharanAfricawheretheepidemicisatitsworstthepredominantsubtypeisC.MostofDr.Arien’ssampleswereofsubtypeB.Havingdonethisanalysishepairedthesamplesoffforaseriesofreplicativeduels.Eachsamplefromtheearlierserieswasmatchedwiththemostsimilaronefromthelaterseriesandtheywereplacedinidenticalcellculturestoseewhichwouldmultiplythemost.Theresultwasthat75%ofthevirusesfrom2002-03werelessvirulentthanapparentlysimilarcounterpartsfrom1986-89--astatisticallysignificantobservation.Dr.Arien’scautionissensibleatleastuntilsomeonereplicatestheworkelsewhere.Buthisconclusionisnotnecessarilysurprising.Suchviralattenuationasitisknownisonewaythatvaccinesareproduced.Whatcausesattenuationinwildvirusesthoughisamatterofspeculation.DrArienbelievesthatinthiscasetheattenuationcouldbetheresultofwhathecallsserialgeneticbottlenecksduringtransmissionfromhosttohost.Theseacttoreducethegeneticdiversityandthusthereplicativefitnessofthevirus.GeneticdiversityisknowntobeanimportantcomponentofHIV’svirulence.Butwhatmightcausethebottlenecksisstillunclear.AsecondreasonforcautionbesidesthesmallsizeofthestudyisasGeoffreyGarnettaprofessorofmicroparasiteepidemiologyatImperialCollegeLondonpointsoutthattheabilityofavirustoinfectcellsinatest-tubeisnotthesameasitsabilitytocausediseaseanddeathinahumanhost.NeverthelessDrAden’sresultisintriguingandsurelyworthfollowingupinalargerpieceofresearch.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext
设则=______.
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.7
CouldHIVthevirusthatcausesAIDSbeweakeningTheresultsofastudyconductedinBelgiumattheInstituteofTropicalMedicineinAntwerpseemtosuggestthatinonecorneroftheworlditmightbe.ThereportpublishedinthelatestissueofAIDSaspecialistjournalconcludesthatHIV’sabilitytoreplicateknowntechnicallyasitsvirulencemayhavedecreasedsincethestartofthepandemic.KevinAdentheleadauthorofthepaperstressesthatthestudyisbasedonasmallsetofsamplesanddoesnotprovethatHIV’svirulenceisattenuatingaroundtheworld.Howeveritdoesoffernewinsightsintotheevolutionofthedisease.Dr.Arienlookedat24bloodsamplescollectedfromuntreatedpatientsattendinganHIV/AIDSclinicinAntwerp.Adozenofthesesamplesweretakenbetween1986and1989;theother12werecollectedbetween2002and2003.Firstheanalyzedthesamplestofindtheirviralloadthenumberofvirusparticlespercubiccentimeterandthesubtypeofvirusinvolved.InEuropeandNorthAmericathepredominantsubtypeisB;insub-SaharanAfricawheretheepidemicisatitsworstthepredominantsubtypeisC.MostofDr.Arien’ssampleswereofsubtypeB.Havingdonethisanalysishepairedthesamplesoffforaseriesofreplicativeduels.Eachsamplefromtheearlierserieswasmatchedwiththemostsimilaronefromthelaterseriesandtheywereplacedinidenticalcellculturestoseewhichwouldmultiplythemost.Theresultwasthat75%ofthevirusesfrom2002-03werelessvirulentthanapparentlysimilarcounterpartsfrom1986-89--astatisticallysignificantobservation.Dr.Arien’scautionissensibleatleastuntilsomeonereplicatestheworkelsewhere.Buthisconclusionisnotnecessarilysurprising.Suchviralattenuationasitisknownisonewaythatvaccinesareproduced.Whatcausesattenuationinwildvirusesthoughisamatterofspeculation.DrArienbelievesthatinthiscasetheattenuationcouldbetheresultofwhathecallsserialgeneticbottlenecksduringtransmissionfromhosttohost.Theseacttoreducethegeneticdiversityandthusthereplicativefitnessofthevirus.GeneticdiversityisknowntobeanimportantcomponentofHIV’svirulence.Butwhatmightcausethebottlenecksisstillunclear.AsecondreasonforcautionbesidesthesmallsizeofthestudyisasGeoffreyGarnettaprofessorofmicroparasiteepidemiologyatImperialCollegeLondonpointsoutthattheabilityofavirustoinfectcellsinatest-tubeisnotthesameasitsabilitytocausediseaseanddeathinahumanhost.NeverthelessDrAden’sresultisintriguingandsurelyworthfollowingupinalargerpieceofresearch.ThewordattenuatingLine6Paragraph1mostprobablymeans
DespitethedoubtsanddespitecomplaintsfromshopownersLondon’scongestioncharge--introducedinFebruary2003--hasmanagedtoeasethegridlockinthecitycentre.Trafficisdownby18%jamsby30%.Thescheme’sbiggestweaknessisthatitiscrude:driverspay£8$14toenterthezonebetween7amand6:30pmregardlessofhowcongestedtheroadsareorhowlongtheystay.Soroad-pricingfansarewatchingtrialsbyTransportforLondonTfLofanewdetectionsystemcalledtag-and-beaconwithinterest.UndersuchaschemeusedinSingaporeandonsomeEuropeanroadscarsarefittedwithelectronictagsthatarereadbyroadsidemasts.IfthetrialissuccessfulTfLsaysthatthecitycouldswitchtothesystemoncethecontracttorunthecongestionchargeisre-letin2009.Currentlycamerasareusedtoreadlicenseplatesandtrackmotorists.Theyarenotalwaysreliable:anindividualcameraidentifiesonlyaround70%ofcars.Mostdrivengetphotographedmorethanoncewhichbooststhesystem’seffectivenesstoover95%butthatstillleavesseveralthousandvehiclesperdaywhosedetailsmustbelaboriouslycheckedbyhand.Tag-and-beacontechnologyismuchmoreaccuratewithanidentificationrateofover99%.TfLsaysthetrialispartlydesignedtoseewhetherthenewsystemcouldallowdriverstopaychargesbydirectdebit.Thatwouldbepopularwithmotoristswhocomplainthatthecurrentpaymentsystemisunfriendly:thetollforaday’stravelmustbepaidmanually--onlinebyphoneorinashop--bymidnightwithsteepfinesleviedonforgetfuldrivers.Moreprecisedetectionalsoallowsformoreprecisioninpolicyandroad-pricingenthusiastsseeradicalpossibilitiesahead.TfLsaysitisconsideringusingthenewtechnologytochargedriverseachtimetheycrossthezoneboundaryuptoadailymaximuminsteadofpayingonceforanentireday’stravel.Thatwouldbecheaperfordriverswhomakefewtripsintothezonealthoughdriverswhospendalongtimetrundlingaroundwithoutleavingtherebycausingthemostcongestionwouldgetofflightlytoo.Furtherrefinementsmaybepossible.Thecurrentsystemhascuttrafficmostdrasticallyinthemiddleofthedaywhencongestionisatitslowest.Demandforroadspacewouldbettermatchsupplyifchargeswerevariable--highatthebusiesttimesofdayandlowinquietperiods.Suchatime-sensitivevariable-chargingschemeusingatag-and-beaconsystemwasendorsedlastyearbyBobKileytheTfL’sbosswhoalsosaidthathewantedtoextendthecongestionchargetootherpartsofLondon.ThatwouldbecontroversialandMr.Kiley’sunderlingswerequicktoinsistthathismusingswerenotofficialpolicy.ButtheoriginalschemewascontroversialtooyetKenLivingstoneLondon’smayoranditsbiggestbackerwasre-electedafterintroducingit.Itwouldbeashameiftimiditytookholdnow.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutTfL
已知隐函数y=yx由方程确定求
1abriefintroductionofyourself2youreducationalqualification3arequestforaninterview.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.UseLiMinginstead.Donotwritetheaddress.
CouldHIVthevirusthatcausesAIDSbeweakeningTheresultsofastudyconductedinBelgiumattheInstituteofTropicalMedicineinAntwerpseemtosuggestthatinonecorneroftheworlditmightbe.ThereportpublishedinthelatestissueofAIDSaspecialistjournalconcludesthatHIV’sabilitytoreplicateknowntechnicallyasitsvirulencemayhavedecreasedsincethestartofthepandemic.KevinAdentheleadauthorofthepaperstressesthatthestudyisbasedonasmallsetofsamplesanddoesnotprovethatHIV’svirulenceisattenuatingaroundtheworld.Howeveritdoesoffernewinsightsintotheevolutionofthedisease.Dr.Arienlookedat24bloodsamplescollectedfromuntreatedpatientsattendinganHIV/AIDSclinicinAntwerp.Adozenofthesesamplesweretakenbetween1986and1989;theother12werecollectedbetween2002and2003.Firstheanalyzedthesamplestofindtheirviralloadthenumberofvirusparticlespercubiccentimeterandthesubtypeofvirusinvolved.InEuropeandNorthAmericathepredominantsubtypeisB;insub-SaharanAfricawheretheepidemicisatitsworstthepredominantsubtypeisC.MostofDr.Arien’ssampleswereofsubtypeB.Havingdonethisanalysishepairedthesamplesoffforaseriesofreplicativeduels.Eachsamplefromtheearlierserieswasmatchedwiththemostsimilaronefromthelaterseriesandtheywereplacedinidenticalcellculturestoseewhichwouldmultiplythemost.Theresultwasthat75%ofthevirusesfrom2002-03werelessvirulentthanapparentlysimilarcounterpartsfrom1986-89--astatisticallysignificantobservation.Dr.Arien’scautionissensibleatleastuntilsomeonereplicatestheworkelsewhere.Buthisconclusionisnotnecessarilysurprising.Suchviralattenuationasitisknownisonewaythatvaccinesareproduced.Whatcausesattenuationinwildvirusesthoughisamatterofspeculation.DrArienbelievesthatinthiscasetheattenuationcouldbetheresultofwhathecallsserialgeneticbottlenecksduringtransmissionfromhosttohost.Theseacttoreducethegeneticdiversityandthusthereplicativefitnessofthevirus.GeneticdiversityisknowntobeanimportantcomponentofHIV’svirulence.Butwhatmightcausethebottlenecksisstillunclear.AsecondreasonforcautionbesidesthesmallsizeofthestudyisasGeoffreyGarnettaprofessorofmicroparasiteepidemiologyatImperialCollegeLondonpointsoutthattheabilityofavirustoinfectcellsinatest-tubeisnotthesameasitsabilitytocausediseaseanddeathinahumanhost.NeverthelessDrAden’sresultisintriguingandsurelyworthfollowingupinalargerpieceofresearch.Whichisthebesttitleforthetext
46.TheAmericansociologistTalcottParsonsbelievedthatthetwomostimportantfunctionsofthemodernfamilyaretheprimarysocializationofchildrenandthestabilizationofadultpersonalitiesthroughmarriageandtheraisingofchildren.Hisownconcernwasparticularlywiththemiddle-classAmericanfamilybuttheseimportantaspectsoffamilylifearealsoapplicablemuchmorewidely.Inthepresentcontextitisworthwhiletolookespeciallyatprimarysocialization. 47.Primarysocializationreferstothetrainingofchildrenduringtheirearliestyearswhereassecondarysocializationreferstolaterinfluencesonthedevelopmentofthechild’spersonalityandlearningactivitiessuchashisinvolvementwithteachersandwithotherchildrenatschool.Primarysocializationisinmostsocietiescarriedoutessentiallywithinthefamilyaspartofchildrearing.Inthemodernfamilyparentstakeresponsibilityforraisingandteachingtheirchildrensuchbasicthingsaslanguageandcorrectbehavior.Toilettrainingteachingchildrenhowtoeatcorrectlyandencouragingchildrentogetalongwithothersareallaspectsofchildrearing.Howeveritisnotonlythesemoremundaneaspectsofbehaviorthatchildrenlearn.Childrenarealsoimplicitlyencouragedtodevelopthevaluesoftheparentsandoftilesocietyinwhichtheylive.InAmericansocietywhichwasParsons’mainconcernthesevaluesincludeindependencemotivationforachievementandcompetition.Inothersocietiesdifferentvaluessuchascooperationandegalitarianismmaybestressed.48.Yettheprinciplebehindprimarysocializationindifferentsocietiesisthesame:thedevelopmentofsocialvaluesmustbeachievedinanenvironmentofloveandsecurityasisfoundintheidealfamilyanywhereintheworld. Howeverfewfamiliesareideal.Studiesofthefamiliesofemotionallydisturbedchildrenhaveshownthatunsatisfactoryrelationshipsbetweenhusbandsandwivescanhavedetrimentaleffectsonchildren. Sometimesachildisusedasascapegoat.Theparentsblameorevenphysicallyabusethechildinordertocoveruptheirowndifficulties.49.Insuchaeasethechildoftenfailstodevelopthevaluestheparentswishtoinstillinhimdevelopinginsteadantisocialhabitsleadingtodeviantbehaviorinlaterlife.Indeedthecyclemayberepeatedifsuchapersonintimemarrieshasafamilyofhisownandtreatshischildreninthesameway.Nonethelessthereisnoreasontosupposethatallchildrenofunsatisfactorymarriagesaretreatedinsuchawayorfailtoovercomethedifficultiestheyhaveaschildren. 50.SomesocialscientistshaveevensuggestedthattheisolatednuclearfamilyasitexistsinWesternindustrializedsocietiesistoblameforthesocialillsfoundinthosesocieties.Theyclaimthatinthepastmoresupportwasofferedfromthewiderkinnetworkandfromthecommunityasawhole--asisstillthecaseinless-developedpartsoftheworldTheBritishpsychiatristsR.D.LaingandDavidCoopersuggestedthatthemodernfamilyisdysfunctionalinthatbyitsverynatureitforcesuponchildrenanundueemphasisonobediencetoauthority.Thesenegativeviewpointsasidemostexpertsaswellasmostparentsagreethattheprimarysocializationprocessinthemodernfamilyoffersbenefitsbotht6thechildandtotheparents. Primarysocializationreferstothetrainingofchildrenduringtheirearliestyearswhereassecondarysocializationreferstolaterinfluencesonthedevelopmentofthechild’spersonalityandlearningactivitiessuchashisinvolvementwithteachersandwithotherchildrenatschool.
Soyou’vebeenwithyourcompanyforawhileandhavebeenexceedingallofyourmanager’sexpectations.Youworkhardareagreatteamplayercomeupwithnewideastotakethebusinessfurtherandareanall-aroundjoyintheworkplace. Ifyouhaven’tbeenpromotedorbeenbumpedupinsalaryautomaticallyitmightbetimetotakethebullbythehornsandapproachthistopicyourself.Whileaskingforaraisemakesmanypeopleuncomfortableandnervousthesituationcanbeabreezeifhandledcorrectly. Thefollowingareafewstepstofollowtomakesureyourrequestdoesnotfallondeafears: 41.Doyourresearch. Likeanyotherelementofyourcareeritallstartswithresearch.Inordertopresentyourmanagerwithacompellingcaseinyourfavoryouneedtoknowwhatthegoingrateisforsomeonewithyourexperienceandinyourposition. 42.Outlineacaseforyourself. Whengoingintoanykindofnegotiationsessionyouneedtobeequippedwiththerightamountofammunition.Beforeyouwalkintoyourmeetinglookbackatyourtimewiththecompanyandhighlightyouraceomplishments.Comeupwithalistofspecificexamplesofwaysyouhavebeenavaluableassettothebusiness.Findfactsandfiguresthatdemonstratewhatyouhaveexcelledusingnumberswheneverpossible. Ifyoureallywanttoknocktheirsocksoffputyouraccomplishmentsintoaformalpresentationalbeitbriefthatoutlineseachofyourgoalsandhowyouhaveachievedthem.Thiswilldemonstratethatyouareprofessionalwillingtogotheextramileandhavethoughtaboutyourrequestthoroughly. 43.Knowwhat’sgoingoninyourneighborhood. Therearegoodtimesandbadtimestoaskforaraiseatanycompany. Scheduleampletimetopresentyourcaseandmakesureyourtimingisright. Askingforaraiseontheflyafterjustwalkingintoyourmanager’sofficetochatwillnotbenefityouorimpressyourboss. Makesureyouhavetimetopresentyourcaseandthatyourmanagerhastimetothinkaboutyourpresentation.Requestameetingwithyoursupervisoratleastahalf-hourlong.Thinkaboutyourtimingwhenyouschedulethemeetingtoo.Ifyourdepartmenthasabevyofdeadlinestomeetattheendofeachmonthdon’tscheduleyourmeetingonthe29th.Pickatimewhenyourmanagerwillbesuretobeinagoodmoodandnotoverlystressed. 44.Avoidthreatsordemands. Thelastthingyouwanttodoistoputyoursupervisoronthedefensive. Beprofessionalandifyourjobisworthkeepingwillingtolistentotheotherside.Keepthemeetingpositiveandyouroutcomewillbemorepositive. 45.Rememberthatnotallperksaremonetary. Don’tfallintothetrapofthinkingyouarenotvaluedifyoudonotgetexactlywhatyouhadexpected. [A]Ifyouapproachyourmanagerforaraiseinatimeofdownsizingandcost-cuttingyouwillnotonlybedeniedbutwillalsoshowthatyouarenotintunewiththecompany’sneeds.Makesureyouunderstandyourcompany’soverallfinancialsituation. [B]Forexampleifyoudevelopedamarketingplanthathelpedincreasesalesmakesureyouhavethosesalesfiguresonhandaswellasyourroleintheplananditsexecution.Besuretotieyourownsuccessintotheoverallsuccessofthecompany. [C]Ifyourcompanyisstrappedfinanciallybutyouandyourmanagerstillcometotheconclusionthatitistimeforyoutoberewardedforyourperformanceyoumightbeabletonegotiateforstockoptionsmorevacationtimeorothernon-monetarybenefits. [D]Whenyoucomeupwithyourdesiredraiseinyourbasesalarygoover2%.Ifyouwant8%thenaskfor10%. [E]YoucanfindoutwhatothersinyourindustryandincomparablepositionsarerakinginbylookingatonlineresourcesthroughtheBureauofLaborStatisticsorinbookslike"TheAmericanAlmanacofJobsandSalaries"byJohnW.WrightQuill. [F]Goingintoameetingwiththe"ifIdon’tgetitI’mleaving"attitudewillonlytellyourcompanyyouareuncompromisingandonlyoutfornumberone. 41
Soyou’vebeenwithyourcompanyforawhileandhavebeenexceedingallofyourmanager’sexpectations.Youworkhardareagreatteamplayercomeupwithnewideastotakethebusinessfurtherandareanall-aroundjoyintheworkplace. Ifyouhaven’tbeenpromotedorbeenbumpedupinsalaryautomaticallyitmightbetimetotakethebullbythehornsandapproachthistopicyourself.Whileaskingforaraisemakesmanypeopleuncomfortableandnervousthesituationcanbeabreezeifhandledcorrectly. Thefollowingareafewstepstofollowtomakesureyourrequestdoesnotfallondeafears: 41.Doyourresearch. Likeanyotherelementofyourcareeritallstartswithresearch.Inordertopresentyourmanagerwithacompellingcaseinyourfavoryouneedtoknowwhatthegoingrateisforsomeonewithyourexperienceandinyourposition. 42.Outlineacaseforyourself. Whengoingintoanykindofnegotiationsessionyouneedtobeequippedwiththerightamountofammunition.Beforeyouwalkintoyourmeetinglookbackatyourtimewiththecompanyandhighlightyouraceomplishments.Comeupwithalistofspecificexamplesofwaysyouhavebeenavaluableassettothebusiness.Findfactsandfiguresthatdemonstratewhatyouhaveexcelledusingnumberswheneverpossible. Ifyoureallywanttoknocktheirsocksoffputyouraccomplishmentsintoaformalpresentationalbeitbriefthatoutlineseachofyourgoalsandhowyouhaveachievedthem.Thiswilldemonstratethatyouareprofessionalwillingtogotheextramileandhavethoughtaboutyourrequestthoroughly. 43.Knowwhat’sgoingoninyourneighborhood. Therearegoodtimesandbadtimestoaskforaraiseatanycompany. Scheduleampletimetopresentyourcaseandmakesureyourtimingisright. Askingforaraiseontheflyafterjustwalkingintoyourmanager’sofficetochatwillnotbenefityouorimpressyourboss. Makesureyouhavetimetopresentyourcaseandthatyourmanagerhastimetothinkaboutyourpresentation.Requestameetingwithyoursupervisoratleastahalf-hourlong.Thinkaboutyourtimingwhenyouschedulethemeetingtoo.Ifyourdepartmenthasabevyofdeadlinestomeetattheendofeachmonthdon’tscheduleyourmeetingonthe29th.Pickatimewhenyourmanagerwillbesuretobeinagoodmoodandnotoverlystressed. 44.Avoidthreatsordemands. Thelastthingyouwanttodoistoputyoursupervisoronthedefensive. Beprofessionalandifyourjobisworthkeepingwillingtolistentotheotherside.Keepthemeetingpositiveandyouroutcomewillbemorepositive. 45.Rememberthatnotallperksaremonetary. Don’tfallintothetrapofthinkingyouarenotvaluedifyoudonotgetexactlywhatyouhadexpected. [A]Ifyouapproachyourmanagerforaraiseinatimeofdownsizingandcost-cuttingyouwillnotonlybedeniedbutwillalsoshowthatyouarenotintunewiththecompany’sneeds.Makesureyouunderstandyourcompany’soverallfinancialsituation. [B]Forexampleifyoudevelopedamarketingplanthathelpedincreasesalesmakesureyouhavethosesalesfiguresonhandaswellasyourroleintheplananditsexecution.Besuretotieyourownsuccessintotheoverallsuccessofthecompany. [C]Ifyourcompanyisstrappedfinanciallybutyouandyourmanagerstillcometotheconclusionthatitistimeforyoutoberewardedforyourperformanceyoumightbeabletonegotiateforstockoptionsmorevacationtimeorothernon-monetarybenefits. [D]Whenyoucomeupwithyourdesiredraiseinyourbasesalarygoover2%.Ifyouwant8%thenaskfor10%. [E]YoucanfindoutwhatothersinyourindustryandincomparablepositionsarerakinginbylookingatonlineresourcesthroughtheBureauofLaborStatisticsorinbookslike"TheAmericanAlmanacofJobsandSalaries"byJohnW.WrightQuill. [F]Goingintoameetingwiththe"ifIdon’tgetitI’mleaving"attitudewillonlytellyourcompanyyouareuncompromisingandonlyoutfornumberone. 43
YoucannotbuyPradashoesonPrada.com.InfacttherearenoworkinglinksontheWebsite.Thisisnotatechnicaldisorder.Sincethelate’9OsthesitehasbeenasinglepagewithonlythenameoftheItalianfashionhouseandtwophotographs.Nostorelocationsorhelpnumbers.Nothing.IlovePradapondersNinaDietzelpresidentofWeb-designcompany300FeetOut.Butwhat’supwiththeir’site’PradaclaimsanewWebsiteisunderdevelopment.Buthavingamysteriouslyuselesshomepageitadmitshasanallure.Itscreamsexclusivity:youcanseebutyoucan’tclick.It’sauniquelyPradasolutiontothisriddle:howtomakeyourluxurybrandworkontheInternetwithoutdiminishingitsvalue.InasensetheInternetisantitheticaltothehightouchluxuryexperience.ThereisnoindulgencebysalesstaffandcustomershavecometoseetheNetasapathtocheappricesnottop-dollargoods.There’snovelvetrope:anyonecanplaceanorderorsetupshop.That’swhyPradastrivestomaintainthelinkbetweenitsnameandtheextravagantexperienceofshoppingatstoreslikeits$40millionNewYorkflagshipdesignedbyRemKoolhaas.UnlikePradamostluxurycompaniescan’taffordtoignoretheWeb:intheUnitedStatesecommerceaccountedfor$2.5billioninluxurysales.Thatfigureisexpectedtogrowto$7billionby2010saysForresterResearch.It’sstillasmallfractionofthetotalmarketcomparedtootherretailsectorsbutfiveyearsagoanalystssaidtherewasnowayluxurywouldsellonline.Theywerebettingcustomerswouldn’tpaythatmuchontheWebandtopbrandswouldn’tgoslumminginthisbargainbasement.Oneofthefirsthigh-endluxuryretailersAshford.comhadmanywell-publicizedstruggleswithitsstockdroppingtonearrockbottomin2001.CompanieslikeNeimanMarcusthathavestrongcatalogsaleshavemadethetransitiontotheWebmoreeasily;onlinesalesarethecompany’sfastest-growingsourceofrevenue.SwisswatchmakersBreitlingandPatekPhilippehavetakenanothertackwithWebsitesthatofferonlyinformationnotsales.BreitlingdirectorofmarketingBenBalmersaysaluxurybrandneedstoofferabuyingexperiencethatonlyawell-runstorecanprovide.Howeverhenotesthatsince2002ithaspresented30percentfewercatalogsintheUnitedStatesandseensalesrisemorethan35percentthankstoexposureontheInternet.PradamaynotneedaworkingWebsiteafterall.Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat
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46.TheAmericansociologistTalcottParsonsbelievedthatthetwomostimportantfunctionsofthemodernfamilyaretheprimarysocializationofchildrenandthestabilizationofadultpersonalitiesthroughmarriageandtheraisingofchildren.Hisownconcernwasparticularlywiththemiddle-classAmericanfamilybuttheseimportantaspectsoffamilylifearealsoapplicablemuchmorewidely.Inthepresentcontextitisworthwhiletolookespeciallyatprimarysocialization. 47.Primarysocializationreferstothetrainingofchildrenduringtheirearliestyearswhereassecondarysocializationreferstolaterinfluencesonthedevelopmentofthechild’spersonalityandlearningactivitiessuchashisinvolvementwithteachersandwithotherchildrenatschool.Primarysocializationisinmostsocietiescarriedoutessentiallywithinthefamilyaspartofchildrearing.Inthemodernfamilyparentstakeresponsibilityforraisingandteachingtheirchildrensuchbasicthingsaslanguageandcorrectbehavior.Toilettrainingteachingchildrenhowtoeatcorrectlyandencouragingchildrentogetalongwithothersareallaspectsofchildrearing.Howeveritisnotonlythesemoremundaneaspectsofbehaviorthatchildrenlearn.Childrenarealsoimplicitlyencouragedtodevelopthevaluesoftheparentsandoftilesocietyinwhichtheylive.InAmericansocietywhichwasParsons’mainconcernthesevaluesincludeindependencemotivationforachievementandcompetition.Inothersocietiesdifferentvaluessuchascooperationandegalitarianismmaybestressed.48.Yettheprinciplebehindprimarysocializationindifferentsocietiesisthesame:thedevelopmentofsocialvaluesmustbeachievedinanenvironmentofloveandsecurityasisfoundintheidealfamilyanywhereintheworld. Howeverfewfamiliesareideal.Studiesofthefamiliesofemotionallydisturbedchildrenhaveshownthatunsatisfactoryrelationshipsbetweenhusbandsandwivescanhavedetrimentaleffectsonchildren. Sometimesachildisusedasascapegoat.Theparentsblameorevenphysicallyabusethechildinordertocoveruptheirowndifficulties.49.Insuchaeasethechildoftenfailstodevelopthevaluestheparentswishtoinstillinhimdevelopinginsteadantisocialhabitsleadingtodeviantbehaviorinlaterlife.Indeedthecyclemayberepeatedifsuchapersonintimemarrieshasafamilyofhisownandtreatshischildreninthesameway.Nonethelessthereisnoreasontosupposethatallchildrenofunsatisfactorymarriagesaretreatedinsuchawayorfailtoovercomethedifficultiestheyhaveaschildren. 50.SomesocialscientistshaveevensuggestedthattheisolatednuclearfamilyasitexistsinWesternindustrializedsocietiesistoblameforthesocialillsfoundinthosesocieties.Theyclaimthatinthepastmoresupportwasofferedfromthewiderkinnetworkandfromthecommunityasawhole--asisstillthecaseinless-developedpartsoftheworldTheBritishpsychiatristsR.D.LaingandDavidCoopersuggestedthatthemodernfamilyisdysfunctionalinthatbyitsverynatureitforcesuponchildrenanundueemphasisonobediencetoauthority.Thesenegativeviewpointsasidemostexpertsaswellasmostparentsagreethattheprimarysocializationprocessinthemodernfamilyoffersbenefitsbotht6thechildandtotheparents. Insuchaeasethechildoftenfailstodevelopthevaluestheparentswishtoinstillinhimdevelopinginsteadantisocialhabitsleadingtodeviantbehaviorinlaterlife.
设函数fx在-∞+∞满足f3-x=f3+xf8-x=f8+x且f0=0若fx=0在[02012]中的根的个数为N求N的最小值.
DespitethedoubtsanddespitecomplaintsfromshopownersLondon’scongestioncharge--introducedinFebruary2003--hasmanagedtoeasethegridlockinthecitycentre.Trafficisdownby18%jamsby30%.Thescheme’sbiggestweaknessisthatitiscrude:driverspay£8$14toenterthezonebetween7amand6:30pmregardlessofhowcongestedtheroadsareorhowlongtheystay.Soroad-pricingfansarewatchingtrialsbyTransportforLondonTfLofanewdetectionsystemcalledtag-and-beaconwithinterest.UndersuchaschemeusedinSingaporeandonsomeEuropeanroadscarsarefittedwithelectronictagsthatarereadbyroadsidemasts.IfthetrialissuccessfulTfLsaysthatthecitycouldswitchtothesystemoncethecontracttorunthecongestionchargeisre-letin2009.Currentlycamerasareusedtoreadlicenseplatesandtrackmotorists.Theyarenotalwaysreliable:anindividualcameraidentifiesonlyaround70%ofcars.Mostdrivengetphotographedmorethanoncewhichbooststhesystem’seffectivenesstoover95%butthatstillleavesseveralthousandvehiclesperdaywhosedetailsmustbelaboriouslycheckedbyhand.Tag-and-beacontechnologyismuchmoreaccuratewithanidentificationrateofover99%.TfLsaysthetrialispartlydesignedtoseewhetherthenewsystemcouldallowdriverstopaychargesbydirectdebit.Thatwouldbepopularwithmotoristswhocomplainthatthecurrentpaymentsystemisunfriendly:thetollforaday’stravelmustbepaidmanually--onlinebyphoneorinashop--bymidnightwithsteepfinesleviedonforgetfuldrivers.Moreprecisedetectionalsoallowsformoreprecisioninpolicyandroad-pricingenthusiastsseeradicalpossibilitiesahead.TfLsaysitisconsideringusingthenewtechnologytochargedriverseachtimetheycrossthezoneboundaryuptoadailymaximuminsteadofpayingonceforanentireday’stravel.Thatwouldbecheaperfordriverswhomakefewtripsintothezonealthoughdriverswhospendalongtimetrundlingaroundwithoutleavingtherebycausingthemostcongestionwouldgetofflightlytoo.Furtherrefinementsmaybepossible.Thecurrentsystemhascuttrafficmostdrasticallyinthemiddleofthedaywhencongestionisatitslowest.Demandforroadspacewouldbettermatchsupplyifchargeswerevariable--highatthebusiesttimesofdayandlowinquietperiods.Suchatime-sensitivevariable-chargingschemeusingatag-and-beaconsystemwasendorsedlastyearbyBobKileytheTfL’sbosswhoalsosaidthathewantedtoextendthecongestionchargetootherpartsofLondon.ThatwouldbecontroversialandMr.Kiley’sunderlingswerequicktoinsistthathismusingswerenotofficialpolicy.ButtheoriginalschemewascontroversialtooyetKenLivingstoneLondon’smayoranditsbiggestbackerwasre-electedafterintroducingit.Itwouldbeashameiftimiditytookholdnow.Thetag-and-beaconsystem
Readingtooneselfisamodernactivitywhichwasalmostunknowntothescholarsoftheclassical.In1worldduringthefifteenthcenturytheterm"reading"2meantreadingaloud.Onlyduringthenineteenthcenturydidsilentreadingbecomecommonplace.Oneshouldbewaryhoweverof3thatsilentreadingcameaboutsimplybecausereadingaloudisan4toothers.Examinationoffactorsrelatedtothe5developmentofsilentreadingrevealsthatitbecametheusualmodeofreadingformostadultreadingtasksmainlybecausethetasksthemselveschangedin6. Thelastcenturysawasteadygradualincreasein7andthusinthenumberofreaders.Asreadersincreasedthenumberofpotentiallisteners8andthustherewassome9intheneedtoreadaloud.Asreadingforthebenefitoflistenersgrewlesscommonsocametheflourishingofreadingasa10activityinsuchpublicplacesaslibrariesrailwaycarriagesandofficeswherereadingaloudwould11distractiontootherreaders. Towardstheendofthecenturytherewasstill12argumentoverwhetherbooksshouldbeusedforinformationortreated13andoverwhetherthereadingofmaterialsuchasnewspaperswasinsomeway14weakening.Indeedthisargumentstillremainswithusineducation.15itsvirtuestheoldsharedliteracyculturehadgoneandwas16bytheprintedmassmediaontheonehandandbybooksandperiodicalsfora17readershipontheother. Bytheendofthecenturystudentswerebeingrecommendedtoadoptattitudestobooksandtouseskillsinreadingthemwhichwereinappropriate18notimpossiblefortheoralreader.Thesocialculturalandtechnologicalchangesinthecenturyhadgreatly19whattheterm"reading"20. Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmark[A][B][C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.15
Soyou’vebeenwithyourcompanyforawhileandhavebeenexceedingallofyourmanager’sexpectations.Youworkhardareagreatteamplayercomeupwithnewideastotakethebusinessfurtherandareanall-aroundjoyintheworkplace. Ifyouhaven’tbeenpromotedorbeenbumpedupinsalaryautomaticallyitmightbetimetotakethebullbythehornsandapproachthistopicyourself.Whileaskingforaraisemakesmanypeopleuncomfortableandnervousthesituationcanbeabreezeifhandledcorrectly. Thefollowingareafewstepstofollowtomakesureyourrequestdoesnotfallondeafears: 41.Doyourresearch. Likeanyotherelementofyourcareeritallstartswithresearch.Inordertopresentyourmanagerwithacompellingcaseinyourfavoryouneedtoknowwhatthegoingrateisforsomeonewithyourexperienceandinyourposition. 42.Outlineacaseforyourself. Whengoingintoanykindofnegotiationsessionyouneedtobeequippedwiththerightamountofammunition.Beforeyouwalkintoyourmeetinglookbackatyourtimewiththecompanyandhighlightyouraceomplishments.Comeupwithalistofspecificexamplesofwaysyouhavebeenavaluableassettothebusiness.Findfactsandfiguresthatdemonstratewhatyouhaveexcelledusingnumberswheneverpossible. Ifyoureallywanttoknocktheirsocksoffputyouraccomplishmentsintoaformalpresentationalbeitbriefthatoutlineseachofyourgoalsandhowyouhaveachievedthem.Thiswilldemonstratethatyouareprofessionalwillingtogotheextramileandhavethoughtaboutyourrequestthoroughly. 43.Knowwhat’sgoingoninyourneighborhood. Therearegoodtimesandbadtimestoaskforaraiseatanycompany. Scheduleampletimetopresentyourcaseandmakesureyourtimingisright. Askingforaraiseontheflyafterjustwalkingintoyourmanager’sofficetochatwillnotbenefityouorimpressyourboss. Makesureyouhavetimetopresentyourcaseandthatyourmanagerhastimetothinkaboutyourpresentation.Requestameetingwithyoursupervisoratleastahalf-hourlong.Thinkaboutyourtimingwhenyouschedulethemeetingtoo.Ifyourdepartmenthasabevyofdeadlinestomeetattheendofeachmonthdon’tscheduleyourmeetingonthe29th.Pickatimewhenyourmanagerwillbesuretobeinagoodmoodandnotoverlystressed. 44.Avoidthreatsordemands. Thelastthingyouwanttodoistoputyoursupervisoronthedefensive. Beprofessionalandifyourjobisworthkeepingwillingtolistentotheotherside.Keepthemeetingpositiveandyouroutcomewillbemorepositive. 45.Rememberthatnotallperksaremonetary. Don’tfallintothetrapofthinkingyouarenotvaluedifyoudonotgetexactlywhatyouhadexpected. [A]Ifyouapproachyourmanagerforaraiseinatimeofdownsizingandcost-cuttingyouwillnotonlybedeniedbutwillalsoshowthatyouarenotintunewiththecompany’sneeds.Makesureyouunderstandyourcompany’soverallfinancialsituation. [B]Forexampleifyoudevelopedamarketingplanthathelpedincreasesalesmakesureyouhavethosesalesfiguresonhandaswellasyourroleintheplananditsexecution.Besuretotieyourownsuccessintotheoverallsuccessofthecompany. [C]Ifyourcompanyisstrappedfinanciallybutyouandyourmanagerstillcometotheconclusionthatitistimeforyoutoberewardedforyourperformanceyoumightbeabletonegotiateforstockoptionsmorevacationtimeorothernon-monetarybenefits. [D]Whenyoucomeupwithyourdesiredraiseinyourbasesalarygoover2%.Ifyouwant8%thenaskfor10%. [E]YoucanfindoutwhatothersinyourindustryandincomparablepositionsarerakinginbylookingatonlineresourcesthroughtheBureauofLaborStatisticsorinbookslike"TheAmericanAlmanacofJobsandSalaries"byJohnW.WrightQuill. [F]Goingintoameetingwiththe"ifIdon’tgetitI’mleaving"attitudewillonlytellyourcompanyyouareuncompromisingandonlyoutfornumberone. 45
Agrowingnumberofwomenarerisingtothetop--andbeginningtochangethecultureoftheworkplace.Thisshouldbeaseasonofcelebration.Afterallbymanymeasuresthere’sneverbeenabettertimetobeawoman.InplaceslikeScandinaviaandBritainathirdormoreofallcorporatemanagersarenowwomen.ThenumberoffemaleexecutivedirectorsofFISE100companiesnearlydoubledfrom2000to2004.LatinAmericahasseena50percentjumpinthenumberofwomenpoliticiansinthelastdecade.Japanvoted26newfemaleparliamentariansintoofficethisyear.Ofcoursethejewelintheequal-opportunitycrownwasthisfall’selectionofAngelaMerkel--oncenicknamedtheGirlbyHelmutKohl--toGermany’shighestoffice.Butasalwaysstatisticstellamultifacetedstory.Sureit’snolongerananomalytohaveafemaleCEO--buttherearestillonly17femaleexecutivedirectorsinthelargestFTSE100companies.IntheEUParliamentonly23outof162membersarefemale.InBritainstudiesshowthatwomenhaveneverbeenmoredissatisfiedwiththeworkplace.Nowonder:theEUpaygapbetweenmenandwomenshrankonlyonepointinthelastcoupleofyearsto17.5percent.SowheredoesallthisleaveusWithsomebigchallengesthatrequiremorefemaleleadershiptosolve.Atsomemajorcompanies--includingShellandBritishTelecom--womenarecombatingtheold-boys’clubatmospherebystartingtheirownnetworkslinkingtopfemaleleaderswithup-and-comerstheycanmentor.Laborflexibilityisalsoontheagenda;inpartsofEuropetopfemalelegislatorshavefoughttogiveemployeeswithchildrenorelderlyparentstherighttoaskforadjustablehours.Perhapsmostimportantthereisanincreasinglyvibrantdebatearoundwork-lifebalance.Studyafterstudyshowsthatitisaworkingwoman’ssecondfull-timejob--ascaregiver--thatmakesitmostdifficultforhertostayonthecareerladder.Whileextrabenefitsandlongermaternityleavecanhelptheyaren’tacompletesolution.Clearlysomeout-of-the-boxthinkingisrequired.Andthat’swherewomencomein.IncountrieslikeCameroonBoliviaandMalaysiagreaternumbersofwomeninpublicofficehaveresultedinlessspendingonthemilitaryandmoreonhealtheducationandinfrastructure.Norway’swoman-heavyParliamentrecentlypassedalawmandatingthat40percentofdirectorsoncorporateboardsbewomen.AndinGermanythearchetypaloutsider--awomanwhogrewuponthewrongsideoftheIronCurtain--willlikelytakethehelminacountrywithvirtuallynootherwomenintoppositionsofpower.NolongertheGirlbutpoisedtobecomethechancellorMerkelisasymbolofhowfarwomenhavecome--andtheworkthatremainstobedone.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat
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