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? ?阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)1～4题要求从所给的6个选项中为第 2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第5～8题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ??????FasterEffectiveReading{{/B}}? ?Ahigherreadingratewithnolossofcomprehensionwillhelpyouin othersubjectsaswellasinEnglishandthegeneralprinciplesapplytoany language.Naturallyyouwillnotreadeverybookatthesamespeed.Youwould expecttoreadanewspaperforexamplemuchmorerapidlythanaphysicsor economicstextbook-butyoucanraiseyouraveragereadingspeedoverthewhole rangeofmaterialsyouwishtocoversothatthepercentage百分比gainedwillbe thesamewhateverkindofreadingyouareconcernedwith.??The readingpassageswhichfollowareallofanaveragelevelofdifficultyforyour stageofinstruction.Theyareallaboutfivehundredwordslong.Theyareabout topicsofgeneralinterestwhichdonotrequireagreatdealofspecialized knowledge.Thustheyfallbetweenthekindofreadingyoumightfindinyour textbooksandthemuchlessdemandingkindyouwillfindinanewspaperorlight novel.IfyoureadthiskindofEnglishwithunderstandingatsayfour hundredwordsperminuteyoumightdroptotwohundredortwohundredand fifty.??Perhapsyouwouldliketoknowwhatreadingspeedsare commonamongnativeEnglishspeakinguniversitystudentsandhowthosespeeds canbeimproved.TestsinMinnesotaU.S.Aforexamplehaveshownthat studentswithoutspecialtrainingcanreadEnglishofaveragedifficultyfor exampleTolstoy’sWarandPeaceintranslationatspeedsofbetween240and 250wordsperminutewithaboutseventypercentcomprehension.Studentsin Minnesotaclaimthataftertwelvehalf-hourlessonsoneaweekthereading speedcanbeincreasedwithnolossofcomprehensiontoaroundfivehundred wordsperminute.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotdescribethetypesofreadingmaterialsmentionedinthesecondparagraph?
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Todaycomputersarestillinferiortomanintermsofgrowthofreasoningpower.
Manyproblemsthatbotheredpeoplethencontinuetoexisttoday.
TheU.Swasin1850adividednationhalfslaveandhalffree.
Knitting Mymotherknewhowtoknit编织butshenevertaughtme.Sheassumedasdidmanywomenofhergenerationthatknittingwasnolongeraskillworthpassingdownfrommothertodaughter.Acombinationoffeminism女权主义andconsumerism浪费主义mademanywomenfeelthatsuchhomelyaccomplishmentswerenowoutofdate.MyGrandmotherstillknittedthoughandeveryChristmasshemadeapairofsocksformybrotherandmeofredwool.Theyweretheonesweworeunderouriceskates冰鞋whenitwasreallyimportanttohavewarmfeet. Knittingisanervoushabitthathappenstobeproductive.Ithelpedmequitsmokingbygivingmyhandssomethingelsetodo.Itiswonderfulfordepressionbecausenomatterwhatelsehappensyouarecreatingsomethingbeautiful.Timespentinfrontofthetelevisionorjustsittingisnolongertimewasted. Ilovebreathinglifeintothepatterns.It’’struemagicfindinganeglecteddog-earedoldbookwiththeperfectsnowflakedesignbuyingthesameGermantownwoolmygrandmotherusedintheexactbluetomatchmydaughter’’seyestakingitonthetrainwithmeeverydayfortwomonthsworkingenthusiasticallytogetitdonebyChristmasstayinguplateafterthestockingsarefilledtosewinthesleevesandweaveintheends. Knittinghastaughtmepatience.IknowthatifIjustkeepgoingevenifittakesmonthstherewillbeareward.WhenImakeamistakeIknowthatangerwillnotfixitthatIjusthavetogobackandtakeoutthestitches针脚betweenandstartoveragain. PeopleoftenaskifIwoulddoitformoneyandtheanswerisalwaysadefiniteno.InthefirstplaceyoucouldnotpaymeenoughforthehoursIputintoasweater.ButmoreimportantthisisanactivityIkeepseparatefromsuchconsiderations.IknittocovermychildrenandotherpeopleIloveinwarmthandcolor.Iknittogivethemsomethingearthlythatmoneycouldneverbuy. Knittinggivesmylifeanalternativerhythmtothedailydeadline.BydayIcanwriteaboutNorthernIrelandortheNewYorkCityPoliceDepartmentandgetpaidforitbutonthetrainhomesurroundedbypeoplewithlaptopsIstagemylittlerebellion.Itakeoutmyoldknittingbagandjointhecenturiesofwomenwhohaveknittedforlove. Whydidmanywomenfeelthatknittingwasoutofdate?
Knitting Mymotherknewhowtoknit编织butshenevertaughtme.Sheassumedasdidmanywomenofhergenerationthatknittingwasnolongeraskillworthpassingdownfrommothertodaughter.Acombinationoffeminism女权主义andconsumerism浪费主义mademanywomenfeelthatsuchhomelyaccomplishmentswerenowoutofdate.MyGrandmotherstillknittedthoughandeveryChristmasshemadeapairofsocksformybrotherandmeofredwool.Theyweretheonesweworeunderouriceskates冰鞋whenitwasreallyimportanttohavewarmfeet. Knittingisanervoushabitthathappenstobeproductive.Ithelpedmequitsmokingbygivingmyhandssomethingelsetodo.Itiswonderfulfordepressionbecausenomatterwhatelsehappensyouarecreatingsomethingbeautiful.Timespentinfrontofthetelevisionorjustsittingisnolongertimewasted. Ilovebreathinglifeintothepatterns.It’’struemagicfindinganeglecteddog-earedoldbookwiththeperfectsnowflakedesignbuyingthesameGermantownwoolmygrandmotherusedintheexactbluetomatchmydaughter’’seyestakingitonthetrainwithmeeverydayfortwomonthsworkingenthusiasticallytogetitdonebyChristmasstayinguplateafterthestockingsarefilledtosewinthesleevesandweaveintheends. Knittinghastaughtmepatience.IknowthatifIjustkeepgoingevenifittakesmonthstherewillbeareward.WhenImakeamistakeIknowthatangerwillnotfixitthatIjusthavetogobackandtakeoutthestitches针脚betweenandstartoveragain. PeopleoftenaskifIwoulddoitformoneyandtheanswerisalwaysadefiniteno.InthefirstplaceyoucouldnotpaymeenoughforthehoursIputintoasweater.ButmoreimportantthisisanactivityIkeepseparatefromsuchconsiderations.IknittocovermychildrenandotherpeopleIloveinwarmthandcolor.Iknittogivethemsomethingearthlythatmoneycouldneverbuy. Knittinggivesmylifeanalternativerhythmtothedailydeadline.BydayIcanwriteaboutNorthernIrelandortheNewYorkCityPoliceDepartmentandgetpaidforitbutonthetrainhomesurroundedbypeoplewithlaptopsIstagemylittlerebellion.Itakeoutmyoldknittingbagandjointhecenturiesofwomenwhohaveknittedforlove. ThewordquitinParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.
CigarsInstead? Smokingoneortwocigarsadaydoublestheriskofcancersoftheliptonguemouthandthroataccordingtoagovernmentstudy. DailycigarsalsoincreasetheriskoflungcancerandcanceroftheesophagusandincreasetheriskofcancerofthelarynxvoiceboxsixfoldsayresearchersattheNationalCancerInstituteinBethesdaMaryland. Inadditionthereportrevealedthatsmokingthreeorfourcigarsadayincreasedtheriskoforalcancerto8.5timestheriskfornonsmokersandtheriskofesophagealcancerbyfourtimestheriskofnonsmokers. ThehealtheffectsofsmokingcigarsisoneofeightsectionsofthearticleCigars:HealthEffectsandTrends.Theresearchersreportthatcomparedwithacigarettealargecigaremitsupto90timesasmuchcarcinogenictobacco-specificnitrosamines ThisarticleprovidesclearandinvaluableinformationaboutthedisturbingincreaseincigaruseandthesignificantpublichealthconsequencesforthecountrysaidDr.RichardKlausnerdirectoroftheNationalCancerInstituteinastatement. Thedataareclear-theharmfulsubstancesandcarcinogensincigarsmokelikecigarettesareassociatedwiththeincreasedrisksofseveralkindsofcancersaswellasheartandlungdiseasesheadded.Inotherwordscigarsarenotsafealternativestocigarettesandmaybeaddictive. Tothoseindividualswhomaybethinkingaboutsmokingcigarsouradvicesis—don’’t.TothosecurrentlysmokingcigarsquittingistheonlywaytoeliminatecompletelythecancerheartandlungdiseaseriskswarnedKlausner. AccordingtoaNationalCancerInstitutepressreleasetherehaven’’tbeenanystudiesonthehealtheffectsonnonsmokersatcigarsocialeventsbut...asignificantbodyofevidenceclearlydemonstratesanincreasedlungcancerriskfromsecondhandsmoke. WhatisthemainideaofthearticleCigars:HealthEffectsandTrends?
Whiletheywereawayonvocationtheyallowedtheirmailtobeaccumulatedatthepostoffice.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ???HowtoJumpQueueFury{{/B}}??Ifyoufind yourselfwaitinginalongqueueatanairportorbusterminusthisholiday willyoutrytoanalyzewhatitisaboutqueuingthatmakesyouangry?Orwill youjustgetangrywiththenearestofficial???ProfessorRichard LarsonanelectricalengineerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology hatesqueuingbutratherthantearhishairouthedecidedtostudythe subject.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.HecitesanexperimentatHoustonairport wherepassengershadtowalkforoneminutefromtheplanetothebaggage reclaimandthenwaitafurthersevenminutestocollecttheirluggage. Complaintswerefrequentespeciallyfromthosewhohadspentsevenminutes watchingpassengerswithjusthandbaggagegetoutimmediately.? ?Theairportauthoritiesdecidedtolengthenthewalkfromtheaircraftso thatinsteadofaone-minutefastwalkthepassengersspentsixminuteswalking {{U}}?47?{{/U}}.Theextrawalkextendedthedelaybyfiveminutesfor thosecarryingonlyhandbaggagebutpassengercomplaintsdroppedalmostto zero.??Thereason?Larsonsuggeststhatitallhastodowith whathecallssocialjustice.Ifpeopleseeotherstakingashortcutthey willfindthewaitunbearable.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Another aspectLarsonstudiedwastheobservationthatpeoplegetmorefedupifthey arenottoldwhatisgoingon.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.??But evenknowinghowlongwehavetowaitisn’tthewholeanswer.Wemustalso believethateverythingisbeingdonetominimizeourdelay.Larsoncitesthe exampleoftwoneighboringAmericanbanks.Onewashighlycomputerizedand servedacustomeronaverageevery30seconds.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}.But becausethetellersatthesecondbanklookedextremelybusycustomersbelieved theservicewasfasterandmanytransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank. Ultimatelythelatterhadtointroducetime-wastingwaysofappearingmore dynamic.A?Sointhecaseoftheairportitwaspreferabletodelay everyone.B?Theotherbankwaslessautomatedandtooktwiceas long.C?Whentheyfinallyarrivedatthebaggagereclaimthedelaywas thenonlytwominutes.D?Hisfirstfindingwhichbacksupearlierwork attheUSNationalScienceFoundationwasthatthedegreeofannoyancewasnot directlyrelatedtothetime.E?It’sunbearablefortheairportto delayeveryone.F?Passengerstoldthattherewillbeahalf-hourdelay arelessunhappythanthoseleftwaitingeventwentyminuteswithoutan explanation.{{*HTML*}}
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ??????FasterEffectiveReading{{/B}}? ?Ahigherreadingratewithnolossofcomprehensionwillhelpyouin othersubjectsaswellasinEnglishandthegeneralprinciplesapplytoany language.Naturallyyouwillnotreadeverybookatthesamespeed.Youwould expecttoreadanewspaperforexamplemuchmorerapidlythanaphysicsor economicstextbook-butyoucanraiseyouraveragereadingspeedoverthewhole rangeofmaterialsyouwishtocoversothatthepercentage百分比gainedwillbe thesamewhateverkindofreadingyouareconcernedwith.??The readingpassageswhichfollowareallofanaveragelevelofdifficultyforyour stageofinstruction.Theyareallaboutfivehundredwordslong.Theyareabout topicsofgeneralinterestwhichdonotrequireagreatdealofspecialized knowledge.Thustheyfallbetweenthekindofreadingyoumightfindinyour textbooksandthemuchlessdemandingkindyouwillfindinanewspaperorlight novel.IfyoureadthiskindofEnglishwithunderstandingatsayfour hundredwordsperminuteyoumightdroptotwohundredortwohundredand fifty.??Perhapsyouwouldliketoknowwhatreadingspeedsare commonamongnativeEnglishspeakinguniversitystudentsandhowthosespeeds canbeimproved.TestsinMinnesotaU.S.Aforexamplehaveshownthat studentswithoutspecialtrainingcanreadEnglishofaveragedifficultyfor exampleTolstoy’sWarandPeaceintranslationatspeedsofbetween240and 250wordsperminutewithaboutseventypercentcomprehension.Studentsin Minnesotaclaimthataftertwelvehalf-hourlessonsoneaweekthereading speedcanbeincreasedwithnolossofcomprehensiontoaroundfivehundred wordsperminute.Accordingtothepassagehowfastcanyouexpecttoreadafteryouhaveattendedtwelvehalf-hourlessonsintheUniversityofMinnesota?
CigarsInstead? Smokingoneortwocigarsadaydoublestheriskofcancersoftheliptonguemouthandthroataccordingtoagovernmentstudy. DailycigarsalsoincreasetheriskoflungcancerandcanceroftheesophagusandincreasetheriskofcancerofthelarynxvoiceboxsixfoldsayresearchersattheNationalCancerInstituteinBethesdaMaryland. Inadditionthereportrevealedthatsmokingthreeorfourcigarsadayincreasedtheriskoforalcancerto8.5timestheriskfornonsmokersandtheriskofesophagealcancerbyfourtimestheriskofnonsmokers. ThehealtheffectsofsmokingcigarsisoneofeightsectionsofthearticleCigars:HealthEffectsandTrends.Theresearchersreportthatcomparedwithacigarettealargecigaremitsupto90timesasmuchcarcinogenictobacco-specificnitrosamines ThisarticleprovidesclearandinvaluableinformationaboutthedisturbingincreaseincigaruseandthesignificantpublichealthconsequencesforthecountrysaidDr.RichardKlausnerdirectoroftheNationalCancerInstituteinastatement. Thedataareclear-theharmfulsubstancesandcarcinogensincigarsmokelikecigarettesareassociatedwiththeincreasedrisksofseveralkindsofcancersaswellasheartandlungdiseasesheadded.Inotherwordscigarsarenotsafealternativestocigarettesandmaybeaddictive. Tothoseindividualswhomaybethinkingaboutsmokingcigarsouradvicesis—don’’t.TothosecurrentlysmokingcigarsquittingistheonlywaytoeliminatecompletelythecancerheartandlungdiseaseriskswarnedKlausner. AccordingtoaNationalCancerInstitutepressreleasetherehaven’’tbeenanystudiesonthehealtheffectsonnonsmokersatcigarsocialeventsbut...asignificantbodyofevidenceclearlydemonstratesanincreasedlungcancerriskfromsecondhandsmoke. Inthecontextofthispassagesecondhandsmokemaymean______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????ManandComputer{{/B}}??What makespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?Whatisthemissingelementthat ourtheoriesdon’tyet{{U}}?51?{{/U}}for?Theanswerissimple: Peoplereadnewspaperstories{{U}}?52?{{/U}}areasontolearnmore aboutwhattheyareinterestedin.Computersontheotherhanddon’t.Infact computersdon’t{{U}}?53?{{/U}}haveinterests;thereisnothingin particularthattheyaretryingtofindoutwhentheyread.Ifacomputer {{U}}?54?{{/U}}istobeamodelofstoryunderstandingitshouldalso readforapurpose.??Ofcoursepeoplehaveseveralgoalsthat donotmake{{U}}?55?{{/U}}toattributetocomputers.Onemightreada restaurantguideinordertosatisfyhungerorentertainmentgoalsorto {{U}}?56?{{/U}}agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.Computersdo not{{U}}?57?{{/U}}andcomputersdonothavebusiness lunches.??Howeverthesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive {{U}}?58?{{/U}}toseveralintellectualorcognitive认知的goals.Agoal tosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoalstofind{{U}}?59?{{/U}}aboutthe nameofarestaurantwhichservesthedesiredtypeoffoodhowexpensivethe restaurantisthe{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oftherestaurantetc.Theseare goalsto{{U}}?61?{{/U}}informationorknowledgewhatwearecalling {{U}}?62?{{/U}}goals.Thesegoalscanbeheldbycomputerstooa computermightwanttofindoutthelocationofarestaurantandreadaguide inordertodoso{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamewayasapersonmight.While suchagoalwouldnot{{U}}?64?{{/U}}outofhungerinthecaseofthe computeritmight{{U}}?65?{{/U}}riseoutofthegoaltolearn moreaboutrestaurants.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ???HowtoJumpQueueFury{{/B}}??Ifyoufind yourselfwaitinginalongqueueatanairportorbusterminusthisholiday willyoutrytoanalyzewhatitisaboutqueuingthatmakesyouangry?Orwill youjustgetangrywiththenearestofficial???ProfessorRichard LarsonanelectricalengineerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology hatesqueuingbutratherthantearhishairouthedecidedtostudythe subject.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.HecitesanexperimentatHoustonairport wherepassengershadtowalkforoneminutefromtheplanetothebaggage reclaimandthenwaitafurthersevenminutestocollecttheirluggage. Complaintswerefrequentespeciallyfromthosewhohadspentsevenminutes watchingpassengerswithjusthandbaggagegetoutimmediately.? ?Theairportauthoritiesdecidedtolengthenthewalkfromtheaircraftso thatinsteadofaone-minutefastwalkthepassengersspentsixminuteswalking {{U}}?47?{{/U}}.Theextrawalkextendedthedelaybyfiveminutesfor thosecarryingonlyhandbaggagebutpassengercomplaintsdroppedalmostto zero.??Thereason?Larsonsuggeststhatitallhastodowith whathecallssocialjustice.Ifpeopleseeotherstakingashortcutthey willfindthewaitunbearable.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Another aspectLarsonstudiedwastheobservationthatpeoplegetmorefedupifthey arenottoldwhatisgoingon.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.??But evenknowinghowlongwehavetowaitisn’tthewholeanswer.Wemustalso believethateverythingisbeingdonetominimizeourdelay.Larsoncitesthe exampleoftwoneighboringAmericanbanks.Onewashighlycomputerizedand servedacustomeronaverageevery30seconds.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}.But becausethetellersatthesecondbanklookedextremelybusycustomersbelieved theservicewasfasterandmanytransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank. Ultimatelythelatterhadtointroducetime-wastingwaysofappearingmore dynamic.A?Sointhecaseoftheairportitwaspreferabletodelay everyone.B?Theotherbankwaslessautomatedandtooktwiceas long.C?Whentheyfinallyarrivedatthebaggagereclaimthedelaywas thenonlytwominutes.D?Hisfirstfindingwhichbacksupearlierwork attheUSNationalScienceFoundationwasthatthedegreeofannoyancewasnot directlyrelatedtothetime.E?It’sunbearablefortheairportto delayeveryone.F?Passengerstoldthattherewillbeahalf-hourdelay arelessunhappythanthoseleftwaitingeventwentyminuteswithoutan explanation.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????ManandComputer{{/B}}??What makespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?Whatisthemissingelementthat ourtheoriesdon’tyet{{U}}?51?{{/U}}for?Theanswerissimple: Peoplereadnewspaperstories{{U}}?52?{{/U}}areasontolearnmore aboutwhattheyareinterestedin.Computersontheotherhanddon’t.Infact computersdon’t{{U}}?53?{{/U}}haveinterests;thereisnothingin particularthattheyaretryingtofindoutwhentheyread.Ifacomputer {{U}}?54?{{/U}}istobeamodelofstoryunderstandingitshouldalso readforapurpose.??Ofcoursepeoplehaveseveralgoalsthat donotmake{{U}}?55?{{/U}}toattributetocomputers.Onemightreada restaurantguideinordertosatisfyhungerorentertainmentgoalsorto {{U}}?56?{{/U}}agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.Computersdo not{{U}}?57?{{/U}}andcomputersdonothavebusiness lunches.??Howeverthesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive {{U}}?58?{{/U}}toseveralintellectualorcognitive认知的goals.Agoal tosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoalstofind{{U}}?59?{{/U}}aboutthe nameofarestaurantwhichservesthedesiredtypeoffoodhowexpensivethe restaurantisthe{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oftherestaurantetc.Theseare goalsto{{U}}?61?{{/U}}informationorknowledgewhatwearecalling {{U}}?62?{{/U}}goals.Thesegoalscanbeheldbycomputerstooa computermightwanttofindoutthelocationofarestaurantandreadaguide inordertodoso{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamewayasapersonmight.While suchagoalwouldnot{{U}}?64?{{/U}}outofhungerinthecaseofthe computeritmight{{U}}?65?{{/U}}riseoutofthegoaltolearn moreaboutrestaurants.
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Whenhethinkshighlyofthedevelopmentofcomputersciencetheauthordoesn’tmeanthathumanbeingshavelostcontrolofcomputers.
TheAttitudeForComputers AsDr.SamuelJohnsonsaidinadifferenteraaboutladiespreachingthesurprisingthingaboutcomputersisnotthattheythinklesswellthanamanbutthattheythinkatall.Theearlyelectroniccomputerdidnothavemuchgoingforitexceptamarvelousmemoryandsomegoodmathskills.Buttodaythebestmodelscanbewireduptolearnbyexperiencefollowanargumentaskproperquestionsandwritepoetryandmusic.Theycanalsocarryonsomewhatpuzzlingconversations. Computersimitatelife.Ascomputersgetmorecompletetheimitationgetsbetter.Finallythelinebetweentheoriginalandthecopybecomesunclear.Inanother15yearsorsowewillseethecomputerasanewformoflife. Theopinionseemsridiculousbecauseforonethingcomputerslackthedrivesandemotionsoflivingcreatures.Butdrivescanbeprogrammedintothecomputer’’sbrainjustasnatureprogrammedthemintoourhumanbrainsasapartoftheequipmentforsurvival. Computersmatchpeopleinsomerolesandwhenfastdecisionsareneededinacrisistheyoftensurpassthem.Havingevolvedwhenthepaceoflifewasslowerthehumanbrainhasaninherentdefectthatpreventsitfromabsorbingseveralstreamsofinformationsimultaneouslyandactingonthemquickly.Throwtoomanythingsatthebrainatonetimeanditfreezesup. Wearestillincontrolbutthecapabilitiesofcomputersareincreasingatafantasticratewhilerawhumanintelligenceischangingslowlyifatall.Computerpowerhasincreasedtentimeseveryeightyearssince1946.Inthe1990swhenthesixthgenerationappearsthereasoningpowerofanintelligencebuiltoutofsiliconwillbegintomatchthatofthehumanbrain. Thatdoesnotmeantheevolutionofintelligencehasendedontheearth.Judgingbythepastwecanexpectthatanewspecieswillariseoutofmansurpassinghisachievementsashehassurpassedthoseofhispredecessor.Onlyacarbonchemistryenthusiastwouldassumethatthespeciesmustbeman’’sflesh-and-blooddescendants.Thenewkindofintelligentlifeismorelikelytobemadeofsilicon. Futureintelligentlifemaynotnecessarilybemadeoforganicmatter.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????ManandComputer{{/B}}??What makespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?Whatisthemissingelementthat ourtheoriesdon’tyet{{U}}?51?{{/U}}for?Theanswerissimple: Peoplereadnewspaperstories{{U}}?52?{{/U}}areasontolearnmore aboutwhattheyareinterestedin.Computersontheotherhanddon’t.Infact computersdon’t{{U}}?53?{{/U}}haveinterests;thereisnothingin particularthattheyaretryingtofindoutwhentheyread.Ifacomputer {{U}}?54?{{/U}}istobeamodelofstoryunderstandingitshouldalso readforapurpose.??Ofcoursepeoplehaveseveralgoalsthat donotmake{{U}}?55?{{/U}}toattributetocomputers.Onemightreada restaurantguideinordertosatisfyhungerorentertainmentgoalsorto {{U}}?56?{{/U}}agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.Computersdo not{{U}}?57?{{/U}}andcomputersdonothavebusiness lunches.??Howeverthesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive {{U}}?58?{{/U}}toseveralintellectualorcognitive认知的goals.Agoal tosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoalstofind{{U}}?59?{{/U}}aboutthe nameofarestaurantwhichservesthedesiredtypeoffoodhowexpensivethe restaurantisthe{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oftherestaurantetc.Theseare goalsto{{U}}?61?{{/U}}informationorknowledgewhatwearecalling {{U}}?62?{{/U}}goals.Thesegoalscanbeheldbycomputerstooa computermightwanttofindoutthelocationofarestaurantandreadaguide inordertodoso{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamewayasapersonmight.While suchagoalwouldnot{{U}}?64?{{/U}}outofhungerinthecaseofthe computeritmight{{U}}?65?{{/U}}riseoutofthegoaltolearn moreaboutrestaurants.
Puttinginanewwindowwillbringaboutcuttingawaypartoftheroof.
MynephewsaidthatDickenswashisbestlovedwriterandthathehadreadnearlyallofhisnovels.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????ManandComputer{{/B}}??What makespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?Whatisthemissingelementthat ourtheoriesdon’tyet{{U}}?51?{{/U}}for?Theanswerissimple: Peoplereadnewspaperstories{{U}}?52?{{/U}}areasontolearnmore aboutwhattheyareinterestedin.Computersontheotherhanddon’t.Infact computersdon’t{{U}}?53?{{/U}}haveinterests;thereisnothingin particularthattheyaretryingtofindoutwhentheyread.Ifacomputer {{U}}?54?{{/U}}istobeamodelofstoryunderstandingitshouldalso readforapurpose.??Ofcoursepeoplehaveseveralgoalsthat donotmake{{U}}?55?{{/U}}toattributetocomputers.Onemightreada restaurantguideinordertosatisfyhungerorentertainmentgoalsorto {{U}}?56?{{/U}}agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.Computersdo not{{U}}?57?{{/U}}andcomputersdonothavebusiness lunches.??Howeverthesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive {{U}}?58?{{/U}}toseveralintellectualorcognitive认知的goals.Agoal tosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoalstofind{{U}}?59?{{/U}}aboutthe nameofarestaurantwhichservesthedesiredtypeoffoodhowexpensivethe restaurantisthe{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oftherestaurantetc.Theseare goalsto{{U}}?61?{{/U}}informationorknowledgewhatwearecalling {{U}}?62?{{/U}}goals.Thesegoalscanbeheldbycomputerstooa computermightwanttofindoutthelocationofarestaurantandreadaguide inordertodoso{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamewayasapersonmight.While suchagoalwouldnot{{U}}?64?{{/U}}outofhungerinthecaseofthe computeritmight{{U}}?65?{{/U}}riseoutofthegoaltolearn moreaboutrestaurants.
DefectiveGenesandHumanHealth Eachofuscarriesabouthalfadozendefective有缺点的genes.Weremainblissfully快乐地unawareofthisfactunlessweoroneofourcloserelativesareamongstthemanymillionswhosufferfromageneticdisease.Aboutoneintenpeoplehasorwilldevelopatsomelaterstageaninherited遗传的geneticdisorderandapproximately2800specificconditionsareknowntobecausedbydefectsmutationsinjustoneofthepatient’’sgenes.Somesinglegenedisordersarequitecommon-—cystic胞状的fibrosis纤维化isfoundinoneoutofevery2500babiesbornintheWesternWorld—andintotaldiseasesthatcanbetracedtosinglegenedefectsaccountforabout5%ofalladmissionstochildren’’shospitals. Mostofusdonotsufferanyharmfuleffectsfromourdefectivegenesbecausewecarrytwocopiesofnearlyallgenesonederivedfromourmotherandtheotherfromourfather.Theonlyexceptionstothisrulearethegenesfoundonthemalesexchromosomes染色体MaleshaveoneXandoneYchromosometheformerfromthemotherandthelatterfromthefathersoeachcellhasonlyonecopyofthegenesonthesechromosomes.Inthemajorityofcasesonenormalgeneissufficienttoavoidallthesymptomsofdisease.Ifthepotentiallyharmfulgeneisrecessive后退的thenitsnormalcounterpart配对的willcarryoutallthetasksassignedtoboth.Onlyifweinheritfromourparentstwocopiesofthesamerecessivegenewilladiseasedevelop. Ontheotherhandifthegeneisdominant显性的italonecanproducethediseaseevenifitscounterpartisnormal.Clearlyonlythechildrenofaparentwiththediseasecanbeaffectedandthenaverageonlyhalfthechildrenwillbeaffected.Huntington’’schorea舞蹈病aseverediseaseofthenervoussystemwhichbecomesapparentonlyinadulthoodisanexampleofadominantgeneticdisease. FinallytherearetheXchromosome-linkedgeneticdiseases.Asmaleshaveonlyonecopyofthegenesfromthischromosometherearenoothersavailabletofulfillthedefectivegene’’sfunction.ExamplesofsuchdiseasesareDuchennemusculardystrophy营养不良andperhapsmostwellknownofallhemophilia血友病. QueenVictoriawasacarrierofthedefectivegeneresponsibleforhemophiliaandthroughheritwastransmittedtotheroyalfamiliesofRussiaSpainandPrussia.MinorcutsandbruiseswhichwoulddolittleharmtomostpeoplecanprovefataltohemophiliacswholacktheproteinsFactorsVIIIandIV凝血因子VIII和IVinvolvedintheclotting血凝结ofbloodwhicharecodedforbythedefectivegenes.Sadlybeforetheseproteinsweremadeavailablethroughgeneticengineeringhemophiliacsweretreatedwithproteinsisolatedfromhumanblood.Someofthisbloodwascontaminated污损withtheAIDSvirusandhasresultedintragic悲惨的consequencesformanyhemophiliacs.Useofgeneticallyengineeredproteinsintherapeuticapplicationsratherthanbloodproductswillavoidtheseproblemsinthefuture. Notalldefectivegenesnecessarilyproducedetrimental有害的effectssincetheenvironmentinwhichthegeneoperatesisalsoofimportance.Aclassicexampleofageneticdiseasehavingabeneficialeffectonsurvivalisillustratedbytherelationshipbetweensickle-cell镶形血球anemia贫血症andmalaria疟病.Onlyindividualshavingtwocopiesofthesickle-cellgeneandonenormalgeneareunaffectedandmoreimportantlyareabletoresistinfection传染bymalarialparasites寄生虫.Theclearadvantageinthiscaseofhavingonedefectivegeneexplainswhythisgeneiscommoninpopulationsinthoseareasoftheworldwheremalariaisendemic特有的. WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE?
Highpaymayenhanceproductivity.
DefectiveGenesandHumanHealth Eachofuscarriesabouthalfadozendefective有缺点的genes.Weremainblissfully快乐地unawareofthisfactunlessweoroneofourcloserelativesareamongstthemanymillionswhosufferfromageneticdisease.Aboutoneintenpeoplehasorwilldevelopatsomelaterstageaninherited遗传的geneticdisorderandapproximately2800specificconditionsareknowntobecausedbydefectsmutationsinjustoneofthepatient’’sgenes.Somesinglegenedisordersarequitecommon-—cystic胞状的fibrosis纤维化isfoundinoneoutofevery2500babiesbornintheWesternWorld—andintotaldiseasesthatcanbetracedtosinglegenedefectsaccountforabout5%ofalladmissionstochildren’’shospitals. Mostofusdonotsufferanyharmfuleffectsfromourdefectivegenesbecausewecarrytwocopiesofnearlyallgenesonederivedfromourmotherandtheotherfromourfather.Theonlyexceptionstothisrulearethegenesfoundonthemalesexchromosomes染色体MaleshaveoneXandoneYchromosometheformerfromthemotherandthelatterfromthefathersoeachcellhasonlyonecopyofthegenesonthesechromosomes.Inthemajorityofcasesonenormalgeneissufficienttoavoidallthesymptomsofdisease.Ifthepotentiallyharmfulgeneisrecessive后退的thenitsnormalcounterpart配对的willcarryoutallthetasksassignedtoboth.Onlyifweinheritfromourparentstwocopiesofthesamerecessivegenewilladiseasedevelop. Ontheotherhandifthegeneisdominant显性的italonecanproducethediseaseevenifitscounterpartisnormal.Clearlyonlythechildrenofaparentwiththediseasecanbeaffectedandthenaverageonlyhalfthechildrenwillbeaffected.Huntington’’schorea舞蹈病aseverediseaseofthenervoussystemwhichbecomesapparentonlyinadulthoodisanexampleofadominantgeneticdisease. FinallytherearetheXchromosome-linkedgeneticdiseases.Asmaleshaveonlyonecopyofthegenesfromthischromosometherearenoothersavailabletofulfillthedefectivegene’’sfunction.ExamplesofsuchdiseasesareDuchennemusculardystrophy营养不良andperhapsmostwellknownofallhemophilia血友病. QueenVictoriawasacarrierofthedefectivegeneresponsibleforhemophiliaandthroughheritwastransmittedtotheroyalfamiliesofRussiaSpainandPrussia.MinorcutsandbruiseswhichwoulddolittleharmtomostpeoplecanprovefataltohemophiliacswholacktheproteinsFactorsVIIIandIV凝血因子VIII和IVinvolvedintheclotting血凝结ofbloodwhicharecodedforbythedefectivegenes.Sadlybeforetheseproteinsweremadeavailablethroughgeneticengineeringhemophiliacsweretreatedwithproteinsisolatedfromhumanblood.Someofthisbloodwascontaminated污损withtheAIDSvirusandhasresultedintragic悲惨的consequencesformanyhemophiliacs.Useofgeneticallyengineeredproteinsintherapeuticapplicationsratherthanbloodproductswillavoidtheseproblemsinthefuture. Notalldefectivegenesnecessarilyproducedetrimental有害的effectssincetheenvironmentinwhichthegeneoperatesisalsoofimportance.Aclassicexampleofageneticdiseasehavingabeneficialeffectonsurvivalisillustratedbytherelationshipbetweensickle-cell镶形血球anemia贫血症andmalaria疟病.Onlyindividualshavingtwocopiesofthesickle-cellgeneandonenormalgeneareunaffectedandmoreimportantlyareabletoresistinfection传染bymalarialparasites寄生虫.Theclearadvantageinthiscaseofhavingonedefectivegeneexplainswhythisgeneiscommoninpopulationsinthoseareasoftheworldwheremalariaisendemic特有的. WhichofthefollowingroyalfamilieswasnotaffectedbyhemophiliathroughQueenVictoria?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????ManandComputer{{/B}}??What makespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?Whatisthemissingelementthat ourtheoriesdon’tyet{{U}}?51?{{/U}}for?Theanswerissimple: Peoplereadnewspaperstories{{U}}?52?{{/U}}areasontolearnmore aboutwhattheyareinterestedin.Computersontheotherhanddon’t.Infact computersdon’t{{U}}?53?{{/U}}haveinterests;thereisnothingin particularthattheyaretryingtofindoutwhentheyread.Ifacomputer {{U}}?54?{{/U}}istobeamodelofstoryunderstandingitshouldalso readforapurpose.??Ofcoursepeoplehaveseveralgoalsthat donotmake{{U}}?55?{{/U}}toattributetocomputers.Onemightreada restaurantguideinordertosatisfyhungerorentertainmentgoalsorto {{U}}?56?{{/U}}agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.Computersdo not{{U}}?57?{{/U}}andcomputersdonothavebusiness lunches.??Howeverthesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive {{U}}?58?{{/U}}toseveralintellectualorcognitive认知的goals.Agoal tosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoalstofind{{U}}?59?{{/U}}aboutthe nameofarestaurantwhichservesthedesiredtypeoffoodhowexpensivethe restaurantisthe{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oftherestaurantetc.Theseare goalsto{{U}}?61?{{/U}}informationorknowledgewhatwearecalling {{U}}?62?{{/U}}goals.Thesegoalscanbeheldbycomputerstooa computermightwanttofindoutthelocationofarestaurantandreadaguide inordertodoso{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamewayasapersonmight.While suchagoalwouldnot{{U}}?64?{{/U}}outofhungerinthecaseofthe computeritmight{{U}}?65?{{/U}}riseoutofthegoaltolearn moreaboutrestaurants.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ???HowtoJumpQueueFury{{/B}}??Ifyoufind yourselfwaitinginalongqueueatanairportorbusterminusthisholiday willyoutrytoanalyzewhatitisaboutqueuingthatmakesyouangry?Orwill youjustgetangrywiththenearestofficial???ProfessorRichard LarsonanelectricalengineerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology hatesqueuingbutratherthantearhishairouthedecidedtostudythe subject.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.HecitesanexperimentatHoustonairport wherepassengershadtowalkforoneminutefromtheplanetothebaggage reclaimandthenwaitafurthersevenminutestocollecttheirluggage. Complaintswerefrequentespeciallyfromthosewhohadspentsevenminutes watchingpassengerswithjusthandbaggagegetoutimmediately.? ?Theairportauthoritiesdecidedtolengthenthewalkfromtheaircraftso thatinsteadofaone-minutefastwalkthepassengersspentsixminuteswalking {{U}}?47?{{/U}}.Theextrawalkextendedthedelaybyfiveminutesfor thosecarryingonlyhandbaggagebutpassengercomplaintsdroppedalmostto zero.??Thereason?Larsonsuggeststhatitallhastodowith whathecallssocialjustice.Ifpeopleseeotherstakingashortcutthey willfindthewaitunbearable.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.??Another aspectLarsonstudiedwastheobservationthatpeoplegetmorefedupifthey arenottoldwhatisgoingon.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.??But evenknowinghowlongwehavetowaitisn’tthewholeanswer.Wemustalso believethateverythingisbeingdonetominimizeourdelay.Larsoncitesthe exampleoftwoneighboringAmericanbanks.Onewashighlycomputerizedand servedacustomeronaverageevery30seconds.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}.But becausethetellersatthesecondbanklookedextremelybusycustomersbelieved theservicewasfasterandmanytransferredtheiraccountstotheslowerbank. Ultimatelythelatterhadtointroducetime-wastingwaysofappearingmore dynamic.A?Sointhecaseoftheairportitwaspreferabletodelay everyone.B?Theotherbankwaslessautomatedandtooktwiceas long.C?Whentheyfinallyarrivedatthebaggagereclaimthedelaywas thenonlytwominutes.D?Hisfirstfindingwhichbacksupearlierwork attheUSNationalScienceFoundationwasthatthedegreeofannoyancewasnot directlyrelatedtothetime.E?It’sunbearablefortheairportto delayeveryone.F?Passengerstoldthattherewillbeahalf-hourdelay arelessunhappythanthoseleftwaitingeventwentyminuteswithoutan explanation.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????ManandComputer{{/B}}??What makespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?Whatisthemissingelementthat ourtheoriesdon’tyet{{U}}?51?{{/U}}for?Theanswerissimple: Peoplereadnewspaperstories{{U}}?52?{{/U}}areasontolearnmore aboutwhattheyareinterestedin.Computersontheotherhanddon’t.Infact computersdon’t{{U}}?53?{{/U}}haveinterests;thereisnothingin particularthattheyaretryingtofindoutwhentheyread.Ifacomputer {{U}}?54?{{/U}}istobeamodelofstoryunderstandingitshouldalso readforapurpose.??Ofcoursepeoplehaveseveralgoalsthat donotmake{{U}}?55?{{/U}}toattributetocomputers.Onemightreada restaurantguideinordertosatisfyhungerorentertainmentgoalsorto {{U}}?56?{{/U}}agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.Computersdo not{{U}}?57?{{/U}}andcomputersdonothavebusiness lunches.??Howeverthesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive {{U}}?58?{{/U}}toseveralintellectualorcognitive认知的goals.Agoal tosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoalstofind{{U}}?59?{{/U}}aboutthe nameofarestaurantwhichservesthedesiredtypeoffoodhowexpensivethe restaurantisthe{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oftherestaurantetc.Theseare goalsto{{U}}?61?{{/U}}informationorknowledgewhatwearecalling {{U}}?62?{{/U}}goals.Thesegoalscanbeheldbycomputerstooa computermightwanttofindoutthelocationofarestaurantandreadaguide inordertodoso{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamewayasapersonmight.While suchagoalwouldnot{{U}}?64?{{/U}}outofhungerinthecaseofthe computeritmight{{U}}?65?{{/U}}riseoutofthegoaltolearn moreaboutrestaurants.
CigarsInstead? Smokingoneortwocigarsadaydoublestheriskofcancersoftheliptonguemouthandthroataccordingtoagovernmentstudy. DailycigarsalsoincreasetheriskoflungcancerandcanceroftheesophagusandincreasetheriskofcancerofthelarynxvoiceboxsixfoldsayresearchersattheNationalCancerInstituteinBethesdaMaryland. Inadditionthereportrevealedthatsmokingthreeorfourcigarsadayincreasedtheriskoforalcancerto8.5timestheriskfornonsmokersandtheriskofesophagealcancerbyfourtimestheriskofnonsmokers. ThehealtheffectsofsmokingcigarsisoneofeightsectionsofthearticleCigars:HealthEffectsandTrends.Theresearchersreportthatcomparedwithacigarettealargecigaremitsupto90timesasmuchcarcinogenictobacco-specificnitrosamines ThisarticleprovidesclearandinvaluableinformationaboutthedisturbingincreaseincigaruseandthesignificantpublichealthconsequencesforthecountrysaidDr.RichardKlausnerdirectoroftheNationalCancerInstituteinastatement. Thedataareclear-theharmfulsubstancesandcarcinogensincigarsmokelikecigarettesareassociatedwiththeincreasedrisksofseveralkindsofcancersaswellasheartandlungdiseasesheadded.Inotherwordscigarsarenotsafealternativestocigarettesandmaybeaddictive. Tothoseindividualswhomaybethinkingaboutsmokingcigarsouradvicesis—don’’t.TothosecurrentlysmokingcigarsquittingistheonlywaytoeliminatecompletelythecancerheartandlungdiseaseriskswarnedKlausner. AccordingtoaNationalCancerInstitutepressreleasetherehaven’’tbeenanystudiesonthehealtheffectsonnonsmokersatcigarsocialeventsbut...asignificantbodyofevidenceclearlydemonstratesanincreasedlungcancerriskfromsecondhandsmoke. Accordingtothereportsmokingthreeorfourcigarsaday______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????ManandComputer{{/B}}??What makespeopledifferentfromcomputerprograms?Whatisthemissingelementthat ourtheoriesdon’tyet{{U}}?51?{{/U}}for?Theanswerissimple: Peoplereadnewspaperstories{{U}}?52?{{/U}}areasontolearnmore aboutwhattheyareinterestedin.Computersontheotherhanddon’t.Infact computersdon’t{{U}}?53?{{/U}}haveinterests;thereisnothingin particularthattheyaretryingtofindoutwhentheyread.Ifacomputer {{U}}?54?{{/U}}istobeamodelofstoryunderstandingitshouldalso readforapurpose.??Ofcoursepeoplehaveseveralgoalsthat donotmake{{U}}?55?{{/U}}toattributetocomputers.Onemightreada restaurantguideinordertosatisfyhungerorentertainmentgoalsorto {{U}}?56?{{/U}}agoodplacetogoforabusinesslunch.Computersdo not{{U}}?57?{{/U}}andcomputersdonothavebusiness lunches.??Howeverthesephysiologicalandsocialgoalsgive {{U}}?58?{{/U}}toseveralintellectualorcognitive认知的goals.Agoal tosatisfyhungergivesrisetogoalstofind{{U}}?59?{{/U}}aboutthe nameofarestaurantwhichservesthedesiredtypeoffoodhowexpensivethe restaurantisthe{{U}}?60?{{/U}}oftherestaurantetc.Theseare goalsto{{U}}?61?{{/U}}informationorknowledgewhatwearecalling {{U}}?62?{{/U}}goals.Thesegoalscanbeheldbycomputerstooa computermightwanttofindoutthelocationofarestaurantandreadaguide inordertodoso{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamewayasapersonmight.While suchagoalwouldnot{{U}}?64?{{/U}}outofhungerinthecaseofthe computeritmight{{U}}?65?{{/U}}riseoutofthegoaltolearn moreaboutrestaurants.
Securityofficialssaythatcomputercrimeiseasytoaccomplishandhardtodetect.
Einstein’’stheoryofrelativityseemedincrediblewhenitwasfirstintroduced.
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