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Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a ...
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根据下列短文内容在短文后的空格处填上一个恰当的词使短文完整通顺Whatcanyoudotokeeph
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Manyparentsworrythattheirchildren'seatinghabitsmay
Therearemanyfactorswhichmayhaveaninfluenceonadu
Pollution.
Economic factors.
Dependence upon cars.
Influence of family or friends.
2010·福建漳州三中高三上第二次月考21.Mostchildrenwithhealthyappet
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Whatcanyoudotokeephealthy?Perhapsforchildrenhealth
短文填空用适当的词完成下面的短文每个空只能填写一个形式正确意义相符的单词Whatcanyoudoto
任务型阅读Wemayknowmostchildrenlovejunkfoodverymuchalth
IntheUKmostchildrenhavetheirlunchesatschoolbutinso
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Youmustn'tforgetyourcreditcardwhenyoucomeheretomorrow.
Moreandmoretheoperationsofourbusinessesgovernmentsandfinancialinstitutionsarecontrolledbyinformationthatexistsonlyinsidecomputermemories.Anyonecleverenoughtomodifythisinformationforhisownpurposescanreapbigreward.Evenworseanumberofpeoplewhohavedonethisandbeencaughtatithavemanagedtogetawaywithoutpunishment. It’seasyforcomputercrimestogoundetectedifnoonechecksuponwhatthecomputerisdoing.Butevenifthecrimeisdetectedthecriminalmaywalkawaynotonlyunpunishedbutwithaglowingrecommendationfromhisformeremployers. Ofcoursewehavenostatisticsoncrimesthatgoundetected.Butit’sdisturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetectedbyaccidentnotbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.Thecomputercriminalswhohavebeencaughtmayhavebeenthevictimsofuncommonlybadluck. Unlikeotherlawbreakerswhomustleavethecountrycommitsuicideorgotojailcomputercriminalssometimesescapepunishmentdemandingnotonlythattheynotbechargedbutthattheybegivengoodrecommendationsandperhapsotherbenefits.Alltoooftentheirdemandshavebeenmet. WhyBecausecompanyexecutivesareafraidofthebadpublicitythatwouldresultifthepublicfoundoutthattheircomputerhadbeenmisused.Theyhesitateatthethoughtofacriminalboastinginopencourtofhowhejuggled诈骗themostconfidential保密recordsrightunderthenosesofthecompany’sexecutivesaccountantsandsecuritystaff.Andsoanothercomputercriminaldepartswithjusttherecommendationsheneedstocontinuehiscrimeselsewhere. Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat
Studentsallovertheworldhavetoworkfortheireducation.AcollegeeducationintheUnitedStatesisexpensive.Thecostsaresohighthatmostfamiliesbegintosavefortheirchildren’seducationwhentheirchildrenarebabies.Evensomanyyoungpeoplecannotaffordtopaytheexpensesoffull-timecollegework.Theydonothaveenoughmoneytopayforschoolcosts.Tuitionforattendingtheuniversitybooksforclassesandlivingexpensesarehigh.Thereareotherexpensessuchaschemistryandbiologylabfeesandspecialstudentactivityfeesforsuchthingsasparkingpermitsandfootballtickets.Thecostofcollegeeducationincreaseseveryyear.Howeverclassroomsarestillcrowdedwithstudents.SomeAmericanstudentshavescholarshipsorothersupportbutmanydonot. Studentsfromothercountrieshavemoneyproblemstoovercometoo.Becausestudentsinmostinternationalprogramsneedtohaveasponsortheyworkhardtoearnscholarshipsorspecialloans.Internationalstudentsunderstandthevalueofgoingtoschoolinanothercountry.Theyalsoknowthatitisdifficult.YetjustasAmericanschoosetoattendAmericanuniversitiesinspiteofthedifficultyhoweveritisusuallypossibleforstudentsfromabroadtoworkonuniversitycampusestopayforsomeofthecostsoftheireducation.Somepeoplebelievethatstudentsvaluetheireducationmoreiftheyworkforit. TuitionforattendingtheuniversityintheUnitedStatesis
ThepeoplewholivesinthefarNortharecalledEskimos爱斯基摩托车人.Intheworldoficeandsnowitis21togrowplantsforfood.TheEskimosmusthuntandfishduringthewholeyearto22themselvesandtheirfamilieswithfood. Inwintertheyhunttheseal海豹23thepolar极地的bear.Whentheyhuntthesealthey24aholeintheiceandtryto25thesealwhenitcomesuptobreathe. InsummertheEskimoshunt26animalsandtheyalsohuntbirdsandcatchfish. 27thatisusefulissaved.TheEskimosusethemeatfromanimalsforfood.Theymelt融化thefatfromtheirbodiesandusethe28asfuel燃料.Theymaketoolsoutofanimalsbones.Theskinandfursofanimalsareusedformakingclothing. IfanEskimois29luckyhemaykillawhale鲤鱼30adeadwhalemaywashupontheshorenearhishouse.Thewhaleisanespeciallyusefulanimalbecauseitgivesagreat31ofoil. Thereis32woodatallwheretheEskimoslive.Eskimos33alltheirwoodfromthesea.Sometimesfloatingwoodfromplacesfarthersouthwashesupontheshore. MostEskimohousesare34ofstones.Insteadofadoorthereisalonglowtunnel地道35intothehouse.Peoplehavetocrawl爬throughthetunnelinordertoenterthehouse. 29
ThepeoplewholivesinthefarNortharecalledEskimos爱斯基摩托车人.Intheworldoficeandsnowitis21togrowplantsforfood.TheEskimosmusthuntandfishduringthewholeyearto22themselvesandtheirfamilieswithfood. Inwintertheyhunttheseal海豹23thepolar极地的bear.Whentheyhuntthesealthey24aholeintheiceandtryto25thesealwhenitcomesuptobreathe. InsummertheEskimoshunt26animalsandtheyalsohuntbirdsandcatchfish. 27thatisusefulissaved.TheEskimosusethemeatfromanimalsforfood.Theymelt融化thefatfromtheirbodiesandusethe28asfuel燃料.Theymaketoolsoutofanimalsbones.Theskinandfursofanimalsareusedformakingclothing. IfanEskimois29luckyhemaykillawhale鲤鱼30adeadwhalemaywashupontheshorenearhishouse.Thewhaleisanespeciallyusefulanimalbecauseitgivesagreat31ofoil. Thereis32woodatallwheretheEskimoslive.Eskimos33alltheirwoodfromthesea.Sometimesfloatingwoodfromplacesfarthersouthwashesupontheshore. MostEskimohousesare34ofstones.Insteadofadoorthereisalonglowtunnel地道35intothehouse.Peoplehavetocrawl爬throughthetunnelinordertoenterthehouse. 35
Hetriedtotherumourabouthisbeingbribed.
Oceanographyhasbeendefinedas"Theapplicationofallsciencestothestudyofthesea". Beforethenineteenthcenturyscientistswithaninterestintheseawerefewandfarbetween.CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhiswritingsbuthewasreluctant不愿意togotoseatofurtherhiswork. Formostpeopletheseawasremoteandwiththeexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravellersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromtheseatherewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutitletalonetoaskwhatlaybeneaththesurface.Thefirsttimethatthequestion"Whatisatthebottomoftheoceans"hadtobeansweredwithanycommercialconsequencewaswhenthelayingofatelegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericawasproposed.Theengineershadtoknowthedepthprofile起伏形状oftheroutetoestimatethelengthofcablethathadtobemanufactured. ItwastoMauryoftheU.S.NavythattheAtlanticTelegraphCompanyturnedin1853forinformationonthismatter.Inthe1840sMauryhadbeenresponsibleforencouragingvoyagesduringwhichsoundingsweretakentoinvestigatethedepthsoftheNorthAtlanticandPacificOceans.LatersomeofhisfindingsarousedmuchpopularinterestinhisbookThePhysicalGeographyoftheSea. Thecablewaslaidbutnotuntil1866wastheconnectionmadepermanentandreliable.Attheearlyattemptsthecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutforrepairsitwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowthsafactwhichdefiedcontemporaryscientificopinionthattherewasnolifeinthedeeperpartsofthesea. Withinafewyearsoceanographywasunderway.In1872Thomsonledascientificexpedition考察whichlastedforfouryearsandbroughthomethousandsofsamplesfromthesea.Theirclassificationandanalysisoccupiedscientistsforyearsandledtoafive-volumereportthelastvolumebeingpublishedin1895. TheaimofvoyagesMauryencouragedinthe1840swas
Englandisnotabigcountry:fromnorthtosouthandfromeasttowestitisonlyaboutthreehundredmilesacross.Butforasmallcountryithasasurprisingrangeofclimate.PeoplewhohavenevervisitedEnglandorwhohavevisitedonlyonepartofitoftenmakesthemistakeofthinkingthatitisacoldandwetcountry.ExceptforthesummermonthsofJunetoSeptemberthisisprobablytrueofthenorthofEnglandandtheMidlands.Inthesouthhowevertheclimateismuchmorepleasant.Oneresultisthatwhenpeopleretirefromthejobinthenorththeyoftenprefertomovedowntothesouth. PerhapsthewarmestpartofthecountryisthesouthwestwhichconsistsofismadeupofthecountiesofDevonandCornwallwherepalmtreesbambooandmanysemitropicalplantsgrowwell.Flowersandvegetablesripenasmuchasamonthearlierthanthoseelsewhere.Farmersintheareasgainahigherpricefortheirvegetablesandflowersbecausetheyarereadyearlier.InwintertheremaybeseveralfeetofsnowinotherpartsofEnglandbuttherewillprobablybenosnowatallinthesouthwest.ThismaybeoneofthereasonswhythesouthwestisoneofEngland’smostpopularholidayareas. InthenorthofEnglandandtheMidland
ThepeoplewholivesinthefarNortharecalledEskimos爱斯基摩托车人.Intheworldoficeandsnowitis21togrowplantsforfood.TheEskimosmusthuntandfishduringthewholeyearto22themselvesandtheirfamilieswithfood. Inwintertheyhunttheseal海豹23thepolar极地的bear.Whentheyhuntthesealthey24aholeintheiceandtryto25thesealwhenitcomesuptobreathe. InsummertheEskimoshunt26animalsandtheyalsohuntbirdsandcatchfish. 27thatisusefulissaved.TheEskimosusethemeatfromanimalsforfood.Theymelt融化thefatfromtheirbodiesandusethe28asfuel燃料.Theymaketoolsoutofanimalsbones.Theskinandfursofanimalsareusedformakingclothing. IfanEskimois29luckyhemaykillawhale鲤鱼30adeadwhalemaywashupontheshorenearhishouse.Thewhaleisanespeciallyusefulanimalbecauseitgivesagreat31ofoil. Thereis32woodatallwheretheEskimoslive.Eskimos33alltheirwoodfromthesea.Sometimesfloatingwoodfromplacesfarthersouthwashesupontheshore. MostEskimohousesare34ofstones.Insteadofadoorthereisalonglowtunnel地道35intothehouse.Peoplehavetocrawl爬throughthetunnelinordertoenterthehouse. 21
Studentsallovertheworldhavetoworkfortheireducation.AcollegeeducationintheUnitedStatesisexpensive.Thecostsaresohighthatmostfamiliesbegintosavefortheirchildren’seducationwhentheirchildrenarebabies.Evensomanyyoungpeoplecannotaffordtopaytheexpensesoffull-timecollegework.Theydonothaveenoughmoneytopayforschoolcosts.Tuitionforattendingtheuniversitybooksforclassesandlivingexpensesarehigh.Thereareotherexpensessuchaschemistryandbiologylabfeesandspecialstudentactivityfeesforsuchthingsasparkingpermitsandfootballtickets.Thecostofcollegeeducationincreaseseveryyear.Howeverclassroomsarestillcrowdedwithstudents.SomeAmericanstudentshavescholarshipsorothersupportbutmanydonot. Studentsfromothercountrieshavemoneyproblemstoovercometoo.Becausestudentsinmostinternationalprogramsneedtohaveasponsortheyworkhardtoearnscholarshipsorspecialloans.Internationalstudentsunderstandthevalueofgoingtoschoolinanothercountry.Theyalsoknowthatitisdifficult.YetjustasAmericanschoosetoattendAmericanuniversitiesinspiteofthedifficultyhoweveritisusuallypossibleforstudentsfromabroadtoworkonuniversitycampusestopayforsomeofthecostsoftheireducation.Somepeoplebelievethatstudentsvaluetheireducationmoreiftheyworkforit. Studentsfromothercountriesthinkthat
ThepeoplewholivesinthefarNortharecalledEskimos爱斯基摩托车人.Intheworldoficeandsnowitis21togrowplantsforfood.TheEskimosmusthuntandfishduringthewholeyearto22themselvesandtheirfamilieswithfood. Inwintertheyhunttheseal海豹23thepolar极地的bear.Whentheyhuntthesealthey24aholeintheiceandtryto25thesealwhenitcomesuptobreathe. InsummertheEskimoshunt26animalsandtheyalsohuntbirdsandcatchfish. 27thatisusefulissaved.TheEskimosusethemeatfromanimalsforfood.Theymelt融化thefatfromtheirbodiesandusethe28asfuel燃料.Theymaketoolsoutofanimalsbones.Theskinandfursofanimalsareusedformakingclothing. IfanEskimois29luckyhemaykillawhale鲤鱼30adeadwhalemaywashupontheshorenearhishouse.Thewhaleisanespeciallyusefulanimalbecauseitgivesagreat31ofoil. Thereis32woodatallwheretheEskimoslive.Eskimos33alltheirwoodfromthesea.Sometimesfloatingwoodfromplacesfarthersouthwashesupontheshore. MostEskimohousesare34ofstones.Insteadofadoorthereisalonglowtunnel地道35intothehouse.Peoplehavetocrawl爬throughthetunnelinordertoenterthehouse. 23
ThepeoplewholivesinthefarNortharecalledEskimos爱斯基摩托车人.Intheworldoficeandsnowitis21togrowplantsforfood.TheEskimosmusthuntandfishduringthewholeyearto22themselvesandtheirfamilieswithfood. Inwintertheyhunttheseal海豹23thepolar极地的bear.Whentheyhuntthesealthey24aholeintheiceandtryto25thesealwhenitcomesuptobreathe. InsummertheEskimoshunt26animalsandtheyalsohuntbirdsandcatchfish. 27thatisusefulissaved.TheEskimosusethemeatfromanimalsforfood.Theymelt融化thefatfromtheirbodiesandusethe28asfuel燃料.Theymaketoolsoutofanimalsbones.Theskinandfursofanimalsareusedformakingclothing. IfanEskimois29luckyhemaykillawhale鲤鱼30adeadwhalemaywashupontheshorenearhishouse.Thewhaleisanespeciallyusefulanimalbecauseitgivesagreat31ofoil. Thereis32woodatallwheretheEskimoslive.Eskimos33alltheirwoodfromthesea.Sometimesfloatingwoodfromplacesfarthersouthwashesupontheshore. MostEskimohousesare34ofstones.Insteadofadoorthereisalonglowtunnel地道35intothehouse.Peoplehavetocrawl爬throughthetunnelinordertoenterthehouse. 33
ThepeoplewholivesinthefarNortharecalledEskimos爱斯基摩托车人.Intheworldoficeandsnowitis21togrowplantsforfood.TheEskimosmusthuntandfishduringthewholeyearto22themselvesandtheirfamilieswithfood. Inwintertheyhunttheseal海豹23thepolar极地的bear.Whentheyhuntthesealthey24aholeintheiceandtryto25thesealwhenitcomesuptobreathe. InsummertheEskimoshunt26animalsandtheyalsohuntbirdsandcatchfish. 27thatisusefulissaved.TheEskimosusethemeatfromanimalsforfood.Theymelt融化thefatfromtheirbodiesandusethe28asfuel燃料.Theymaketoolsoutofanimalsbones.Theskinandfursofanimalsareusedformakingclothing. IfanEskimois29luckyhemaykillawhale鲤鱼30adeadwhalemaywashupontheshorenearhishouse.Thewhaleisanespeciallyusefulanimalbecauseitgivesagreat31ofoil. Thereis32woodatallwheretheEskimoslive.Eskimos33alltheirwoodfromthesea.Sometimesfloatingwoodfromplacesfarthersouthwashesupontheshore. MostEskimohousesare34ofstones.Insteadofadoorthereisalonglowtunnel地道35intothehouse.Peoplehavetocrawl爬throughthetunnelinordertoenterthehouse. 25
YesterdaywesawafilmabouttheIndependenceWar.
Pullingheavysuitcasesalldayinthesummerishardworkespeciallywhenyou’reathin14-year-old.Thatwasmein1940—theyoungestandsmallestbaggageboyatNewYorkCity’sPennsylvaniaRailwayStation.AfterjustafewdaysonthejobIbegannoticingthattheotherfellowswereoverchargingpassengers.I’dliketojointhemthinking"Everyoneelseisdoingit." WhenIgothomethatnightItoldmydadwhatIwantedtodo."Yougiveanhonestday’swork"hesaidlookingatmestraightintheeye."They’repayingyou.Iftheywanttodothatyouletthemdothat." Ifollowedmydad’sadvicefortherestofthatsummerandhavelivedbyhiswordseversince. OfallthejobsI’vehaditwasmyexperienceatPennsylvaniaRailwayStationthathasstuckwithme.NowIteachmyplayerstohaverespectforotherpeopleandtheirpossessions.Beingamemberofateamisatotallysharedexperience.Ifonepersonstealsitdestroystrustandhurtseveryone.Icanputupwithmanythingsbutnotwithpeoplewhosteal.Ifoneofmyplayerswerecaughtstealinghe’dbegone. Whetheryou’reonasportsteaminanofficeoramemberofafamilyifyoucan’ttrustoneanotherthere’sgoingtobetrouble. Whatcanbeinferredaboutthebaggageboys
youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.
Thereisnothingmorepossiblethananewhiporkneethatcanputthespringbackinyourstep.Patientsreceivingjointimplants移植oftenareabletoresumemanyofthephysicalactivitiestheyloveeventhoseasvigorousastennisandhiking.Nowonderthenthatjointreplacementisgrowinginpopularity. IntheUnitedStatesin2007surgeonsperformedabout806000hipandkneeimplantsthejointsmostcommonlyreplaceddoublethenumberperformedadecadeearlier.Thoughtheseprocedureshavebecomeroutinetheyarenotfailurefree. ImplantsmustsometimesbereplacedsaidDr.HenrikMalchauanorthopaedicsurgeon矫形外科医生atMassachusettsGeneralHospitalinBoston.Astudypublishedin2007foundthat7percentofhipsimplantedinMedicarepatientshadtobereplacedwithinsevenandahalfyears. ThepercentagemaysoundlowbutthefindingsuggeststhatthousandsofhippatientseventuallyrequireasecondoperationsaidDr.Malchau.Thosepatientsmustendureadditionalrecoveriesoftenpainfulandincreasedmedicalexpenses. Thefailurerateshouldbelowermanyexpertsagree.SwedenforinstancehasafailurerateestimatedtobeathirdofthatintheUnitedStates.Swedenalsohasanationaljointreplacementregistryadatabaseofinformationfromwhichsurgeonscanlearnhowandwhycertainproceduresgowrong.Aregistryalsohelpssurgeonslearnquicklywhetheraspecifictypeofimplantisparticularlyproblematic."Everycountrythathasdevelopedaregistryhasbeenabletoreducefailureratessignificantly"saidDr.DanielBerrychiefoforthopedicsurgeryattheMayoClinicinRochesterMinn. AnewlyformedAmericanJointReplacementRegistrywillbegingatheringdatafromhospitalsinthenext12to18months.It’sgoodnewsforthosewhoareconsideringreplacingakneeorhip. WhatistheproblemwithhiporkneereplacementsintheU.S.
TherePicturesfromouterspacenowshowushowmuchlandhaschangedonearth.TheseimagesaretakenbyLandsat7agovernmentsatellite.Thesatelliteshavebeenusedfor27years.Theyrevealtheclear-cuttingofforestsinthenorthwesternpartoftheUnitedStates.PicturesshowthelossofrainforestsinSouthAmerica. NASA’sDarrelWilliamsspeaksabouttheLandsat7Project.Hesaidthataneruptioncausedtreestobumupinalargeforest.Fifteenyearslaterpinkishimagesfromspaceshowthatthetreesandplantlifearegrowingagain.Williamssaysthatclear-cutareaseasilyshowupinthepictures.HewantsAmericanstolookathowmuchlandisbeingclearedofforestsinourcountry. Satelliteshaveprovidedotherinformationaboutchangesonearth.InthepasttenyearsmorethanfourmileshaveshrunkfromglaciersinAlaska.Landsat7receivedthesecomputerimagesofGlacierBayinAlaska. HurricanesFloydandIrenehavedamagedthecoastlineinNorthCarolina.Runofffromfarmsandsilthavegoneintotheoceanaccordingtosatelliteimages.LossoftreesandforestshavecausedhottersummersinsoutherncitiessuchasAtlantaGeorgia. TheLandsat7imagesarelikepicturesinaphotoalbum.Insteadofpicturesofthefamilythealbumshowschangesaroundtheglobeinthepast25years. AnewsatelliteTerraisgoingtobelaunchedbyNASAsoon.ItwillbemoreadvancedthatLandsat7andwilltakeimportantglobalpictures.OceantemperaturesandenergylosswillbeprovidedbyTerradaily. Siltandheavyrun-offfromfarmsinNorthCarolinawerecausedby
Englandisnotabigcountry:fromnorthtosouthandfromeasttowestitisonlyaboutthreehundredmilesacross.Butforasmallcountryithasasurprisingrangeofclimate.PeoplewhohavenevervisitedEnglandorwhohavevisitedonlyonepartofitoftenmakesthemistakeofthinkingthatitisacoldandwetcountry.ExceptforthesummermonthsofJunetoSeptemberthisisprobablytrueofthenorthofEnglandandtheMidlands.Inthesouthhowevertheclimateismuchmorepleasant.Oneresultisthatwhenpeopleretirefromthejobinthenorththeyoftenprefertomovedowntothesouth. PerhapsthewarmestpartofthecountryisthesouthwestwhichconsistsofismadeupofthecountiesofDevonandCornwallwherepalmtreesbambooandmanysemitropicalplantsgrowwell.Flowersandvegetablesripenasmuchasamonthearlierthanthoseelsewhere.Farmersintheareasgainahigherpricefortheirvegetablesandflowersbecausetheyarereadyearlier.InwintertheremaybeseveralfeetofsnowinotherpartsofEnglandbuttherewillprobablybenosnowatallinthesouthwest.ThismaybeoneofthereasonswhythesouthwestisoneofEngland’smostpopularholidayareas. ThedistancefromthecenterofEnglandtosouthcoastisabout
Thereisnothingmorepossiblethananewhiporkneethatcanputthespringbackinyourstep.Patientsreceivingjointimplants移植oftenareabletoresumemanyofthephysicalactivitiestheyloveeventhoseasvigorousastennisandhiking.Nowonderthenthatjointreplacementisgrowinginpopularity. IntheUnitedStatesin2007surgeonsperformedabout806000hipandkneeimplantsthejointsmostcommonlyreplaceddoublethenumberperformedadecadeearlier.Thoughtheseprocedureshavebecomeroutinetheyarenotfailurefree. ImplantsmustsometimesbereplacedsaidDr.HenrikMalchauanorthopaedicsurgeon矫形外科医生atMassachusettsGeneralHospitalinBoston.Astudypublishedin2007foundthat7percentofhipsimplantedinMedicarepatientshadtobereplacedwithinsevenandahalfyears. ThepercentagemaysoundlowbutthefindingsuggeststhatthousandsofhippatientseventuallyrequireasecondoperationsaidDr.Malchau.Thosepatientsmustendureadditionalrecoveriesoftenpainfulandincreasedmedicalexpenses. Thefailurerateshouldbelowermanyexpertsagree.SwedenforinstancehasafailurerateestimatedtobeathirdofthatintheUnitedStates.Swedenalsohasanationaljointreplacementregistryadatabaseofinformationfromwhichsurgeonscanlearnhowandwhycertainproceduresgowrong.Aregistryalsohelpssurgeonslearnquicklywhetheraspecifictypeofimplantisparticularlyproblematic."Everycountrythathasdevelopedaregistryhasbeenabletoreducefailureratessignificantly"saidDr.DanielBerrychiefoforthopedicsurgeryattheMayoClinicinRochesterMinn. AnewlyformedAmericanJointReplacementRegistrywillbegingatheringdatafromhospitalsinthenext12to18months.It’sgoodnewsforthosewhoareconsideringreplacingakneeorhip. TheU.S.istryingtoreducejointreplacementfailurerateby
Hewasofdecidinganythingforhimself.
Pullingheavysuitcasesalldayinthesummerishardworkespeciallywhenyou’reathin14-year-old.Thatwasmein1940—theyoungestandsmallestbaggageboyatNewYorkCity’sPennsylvaniaRailwayStation.AfterjustafewdaysonthejobIbegannoticingthattheotherfellowswereoverchargingpassengers.I’dliketojointhemthinking"Everyoneelseisdoingit." WhenIgothomethatnightItoldmydadwhatIwantedtodo."Yougiveanhonestday’swork"hesaidlookingatmestraightintheeye."They’repayingyou.Iftheywanttodothatyouletthemdothat." Ifollowedmydad’sadvicefortherestofthatsummerandhavelivedbyhiswordseversince. OfallthejobsI’vehaditwasmyexperienceatPennsylvaniaRailwayStationthathasstuckwithme.NowIteachmyplayerstohaverespectforotherpeopleandtheirpossessions.Beingamemberofateamisatotallysharedexperience.Ifonepersonstealsitdestroystrustandhurtseveryone.Icanputupwithmanythingsbutnotwithpeoplewhosteal.Ifoneofmyplayerswerecaughtstealinghe’dbegone. Whetheryou’reonasportsteaminanofficeoramemberofafamilyifyoucan’ttrustoneanotherthere’sgoingtobetrouble. Thewritercan’tputupwithstealingbecausehethinksthat
What'sthematterwithyoumydearIfeelmyheartfast.
Moreandmoretheoperationsofourbusinessesgovernmentsandfinancialinstitutionsarecontrolledbyinformationthatexistsonlyinsidecomputermemories.Anyonecleverenoughtomodifythisinformationforhisownpurposescanreapbigreward.Evenworseanumberofpeoplewhohavedonethisandbeencaughtatithavemanagedtogetawaywithoutpunishment. It’seasyforcomputercrimestogoundetectedifnoonechecksuponwhatthecomputerisdoing.Butevenifthecrimeisdetectedthecriminalmaywalkawaynotonlyunpunishedbutwithaglowingrecommendationfromhisformeremployers. Ofcoursewehavenostatisticsoncrimesthatgoundetected.Butit’sdisturbingtonotehowmanyofthecrimeswedoknowaboutweredetectedbyaccidentnotbysystematicinspectionsorothersecurityprocedures.Thecomputercriminalswhohavebeencaughtmayhavebeenthevictimsofuncommonlybadluck. Unlikeotherlawbreakerswhomustleavethecountrycommitsuicideorgotojailcomputercriminalssometimesescapepunishmentdemandingnotonlythattheynotbechargedbutthattheybegivengoodrecommendationsandperhapsotherbenefits.Alltoooftentheirdemandshavebeenmet. WhyBecausecompanyexecutivesareafraidofthebadpublicitythatwouldresultifthepublicfoundoutthattheircomputerhadbeenmisused.Theyhesitateatthethoughtofacriminalboastinginopencourtofhowhejuggled诈骗themostconfidential保密recordsrightunderthenosesofthecompany’sexecutivesaccountantsandsecuritystaff.Andsoanothercomputercriminaldepartswithjusttherecommendationsheneedstocontinuehiscrimeselsewhere. Whatmayhappentocomputercriminalsoncetheyarecaught
TherePicturesfromouterspacenowshowushowmuchlandhaschangedonearth.TheseimagesaretakenbyLandsat7agovernmentsatellite.Thesatelliteshavebeenusedfor27years.Theyrevealtheclear-cuttingofforestsinthenorthwesternpartoftheUnitedStates.PicturesshowthelossofrainforestsinSouthAmerica. NASA’sDarrelWilliamsspeaksabouttheLandsat7Project.Hesaidthataneruptioncausedtreestobumupinalargeforest.Fifteenyearslaterpinkishimagesfromspaceshowthatthetreesandplantlifearegrowingagain.Williamssaysthatclear-cutareaseasilyshowupinthepictures.HewantsAmericanstolookathowmuchlandisbeingclearedofforestsinourcountry. Satelliteshaveprovidedotherinformationaboutchangesonearth.InthepasttenyearsmorethanfourmileshaveshrunkfromglaciersinAlaska.Landsat7receivedthesecomputerimagesofGlacierBayinAlaska. HurricanesFloydandIrenehavedamagedthecoastlineinNorthCarolina.Runofffromfarmsandsilthavegoneintotheoceanaccordingtosatelliteimages.LossoftreesandforestshavecausedhottersummersinsoutherncitiessuchasAtlantaGeorgia. TheLandsat7imagesarelikepicturesinaphotoalbum.Insteadofpicturesofthefamilythealbumshowschangesaroundtheglobeinthepast25years. AnewsatelliteTerraisgoingtobelaunchedbyNASAsoon.ItwillbemoreadvancedthatLandsat7andwilltakeimportantglobalpictures.OceantemperaturesandenergylosswillbeprovidedbyTerradaily. NASAcantellthatvegetationisgrowingbackbecauseof
Oceanographyhasbeendefinedas"Theapplicationofallsciencestothestudyofthesea". Beforethenineteenthcenturyscientistswithaninterestintheseawerefewandfarbetween.CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhiswritingsbuthewasreluctant不愿意togotoseatofurtherhiswork. Formostpeopletheseawasremoteandwiththeexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravellersorotherswhoearnedalivingfromtheseatherewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutitletalonetoaskwhatlaybeneaththesurface.Thefirsttimethatthequestion"Whatisatthebottomoftheoceans"hadtobeansweredwithanycommercialconsequencewaswhenthelayingofatelegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericawasproposed.Theengineershadtoknowthedepthprofile起伏形状oftheroutetoestimatethelengthofcablethathadtobemanufactured. ItwastoMauryoftheU.S.NavythattheAtlanticTelegraphCompanyturnedin1853forinformationonthismatter.Inthe1840sMauryhadbeenresponsibleforencouragingvoyagesduringwhichsoundingsweretakentoinvestigatethedepthsoftheNorthAtlanticandPacificOceans.LatersomeofhisfindingsarousedmuchpopularinterestinhisbookThePhysicalGeographyoftheSea. Thecablewaslaidbutnotuntil1866wastheconnectionmadepermanentandreliable.Attheearlyattemptsthecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutforrepairsitwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowthsafactwhichdefiedcontemporaryscientificopinionthattherewasnolifeinthedeeperpartsofthesea. Withinafewyearsoceanographywasunderway.In1872Thomsonledascientificexpedition考察whichlastedforfouryearsandbroughthomethousandsofsamplesfromthesea.Theirclassificationandanalysisoccupiedscientistsforyearsandledtoafive-volumereportthelastvolumebeingpublishedin1895. Thepassageimpliesthatthetelegraphcablewasbuiltmainly
ThepeoplewholivesinthefarNortharecalledEskimos爱斯基摩托车人.Intheworldoficeandsnowitis21togrowplantsforfood.TheEskimosmusthuntandfishduringthewholeyearto22themselvesandtheirfamilieswithfood. Inwintertheyhunttheseal海豹23thepolar极地的bear.Whentheyhuntthesealthey24aholeintheiceandtryto25thesealwhenitcomesuptobreathe. InsummertheEskimoshunt26animalsandtheyalsohuntbirdsandcatchfish. 27thatisusefulissaved.TheEskimosusethemeatfromanimalsforfood.Theymelt融化thefatfromtheirbodiesandusethe28asfuel燃料.Theymaketoolsoutofanimalsbones.Theskinandfursofanimalsareusedformakingclothing. IfanEskimois29luckyhemaykillawhale鲤鱼30adeadwhalemaywashupontheshorenearhishouse.Thewhaleisanespeciallyusefulanimalbecauseitgivesagreat31ofoil. Thereis32woodatallwheretheEskimoslive.Eskimos33alltheirwoodfromthesea.Sometimesfloatingwoodfromplacesfarthersouthwashesupontheshore. MostEskimohousesare34ofstones.Insteadofadoorthereisalonglowtunnel地道35intothehouse.Peoplehavetocrawl爬throughthetunnelinordertoenterthehouse. 31
Scotlandprovidessuperbopportunitiestoenjoywildandgrandscenerywhichisevenmoreimpressivethanthepostcardssuggest.Italsoofferstownsandcitieswitharichculturallifeagoodmixofaccommodationandplacestoeatanddrink.Friendlyandwelcomingitisaninterestingandcolorfulall-seasondestinationwherelandscapesandtheenvironmentsportandleisurepursuitsheritageandhistorycultureandcuisineareallpartofarewardingexperience. ThebestreasonforchoosingtogoonholidaytoScotlandis:oneofthelastplacesinsidethecrowdedandfreneticEuropeanUnionwhereitispossibletobealoneisolatedcountryside.ThisisnottosaythatScotlandlikeeverywhereelsedoesnothaveitstouristtrapsitscrowdedroadsoritspopularbeautyspots.Butitisrelativelyeasytoescapefromthem. ItwouldbeamistaketothinkthatScotlandismerelyanextensionofEngland. IndeednoattitudeiscapableofcausinggreateroffencetotheScots.TheysuccessfullyresistedEnglishattemptsatdominationforsevenhundredyearsandmanydifferencesbetweenthetwocountriespersist. Scotland’shistoryembodiedinitscastlesbattlefieldsandancientlinkswithFranceFlandersandScandinaviaisspecial. InScotlandtourists
ThepeoplewholivesinthefarNortharecalledEskimos爱斯基摩托车人.Intheworldoficeandsnowitis21togrowplantsforfood.TheEskimosmusthuntandfishduringthewholeyearto22themselvesandtheirfamilieswithfood. Inwintertheyhunttheseal海豹23thepolar极地的bear.Whentheyhuntthesealthey24aholeintheiceandtryto25thesealwhenitcomesuptobreathe. InsummertheEskimoshunt26animalsandtheyalsohuntbirdsandcatchfish. 27thatisusefulissaved.TheEskimosusethemeatfromanimalsforfood.Theymelt融化thefatfromtheirbodiesandusethe28asfuel燃料.Theymaketoolsoutofanimalsbones.Theskinandfursofanimalsareusedformakingclothing. IfanEskimois29luckyhemaykillawhale鲤鱼30adeadwhalemaywashupontheshorenearhishouse.Thewhaleisanespeciallyusefulanimalbecauseitgivesagreat31ofoil. Thereis32woodatallwheretheEskimoslive.Eskimos33alltheirwoodfromthesea.Sometimesfloatingwoodfromplacesfarthersouthwashesupontheshore. MostEskimohousesare34ofstones.Insteadofadoorthereisalonglowtunnel地道35intothehouse.Peoplehavetocrawl爬throughthetunnelinordertoenterthehouse. 27
Scotlandprovidessuperbopportunitiestoenjoywildandgrandscenerywhichisevenmoreimpressivethanthepostcardssuggest.Italsoofferstownsandcitieswitharichculturallifeagoodmixofaccommodationandplacestoeatanddrink.Friendlyandwelcomingitisaninterestingandcolorfulall-seasondestinationwherelandscapesandtheenvironmentsportandleisurepursuitsheritageandhistorycultureandcuisineareallpartofarewardingexperience. ThebestreasonforchoosingtogoonholidaytoScotlandis:oneofthelastplacesinsidethecrowdedandfreneticEuropeanUnionwhereitispossibletobealoneisolatedcountryside.ThisisnottosaythatScotlandlikeeverywhereelsedoesnothaveitstouristtrapsitscrowdedroadsoritspopularbeautyspots.Butitisrelativelyeasytoescapefromthem. ItwouldbeamistaketothinkthatScotlandismerelyanextensionofEngland. IndeednoattitudeiscapableofcausinggreateroffencetotheScots.TheysuccessfullyresistedEnglishattemptsatdominationforsevenhundredyearsandmanydifferencesbetweenthetwocountriespersist. Scotland’shistoryembodiedinitscastlesbattlefieldsandancientlinkswithFranceFlandersandScandinaviaisspecial. Scotland
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