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{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Ancient Egypt Brought Down by Fami...
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ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
HelenandMartinWithathoughtfulsighHelenturnedawayfromthewindowandwalkedbacktoherfavouritearmchair.51herbrotherneverarriveForabriefmomentshewonderedifshereallycaredthatmuch.OvertheyearsHelenhadgiven52waitingforMartintotakeaninterestinher.Herfeelingsforhimhadgradually53untilnowasshesatwaitingforhimsheexperiencednomorethanasister’s54toseewhathad55ofherbrother.Almostwithout56MartinhadlosthisjobwithabusypublishingcompanyafterspendingthelasteightyearsinNewYorkasakeyfigureintheUSoffice.Somehowthetwoofthemhadn’t57tokeepintouchandleftaloneHelenhadslowlyfoundher58inherownjudgementgrowing.59thewishesofherparentsshehadleftuniversityhalfway60hercourseandnowtotheastonishmentofthewholefamilyshewas61afast-growingreputationinthepagesofrespectedartmagazinesandwasactuallyearningenoughtolive62fromherpaintings.Ofcourseshe63nopleasureinMartin’ssuddenmisfortunebutshecouldn’t64lookingforwardtoherbrother’sarrivalwith65satisfactionatwhatshehadachieved.
Dyslexia Asmanyas20%ofallchildrenintheUnitedStatessufferfromsomeformofthelearningdisorder2calleddyslexia. Expertsondyslexiasaythattheproblemisnotadisease.Theysaythatpersonswithdyslexiauseinformationinadifferentway.Oneoftheworldsgreatthinkersandscientists.AlbertEinsteinwasdyslexic.Einsteinsaidthatheneverthoughtinwordsthewaythatmostpeopledo.Hesaidthathethoughtinpicturesinstead. TheAmericaninventorThomasEdisonwasalsodyslexic.DyslexiafirstwasrecognizedinEuropeandtheUnitedStatesmorethan80yearsago.Manyyearspassedbeforedoctorsdiscoveredthatpersonswiththedisorderwerenotmentallyslowordisabled.Thedoctorsfoundthatthebrainsofpersonswithdyslexiaaredifferent. Inmostpeopletheleftsideofthebrain—thepartthatcontrolslanguageislargerthantherightside.Inpersonswithdyslexiatherightsideofthebrainisbigger.Doctorsarenotsurewhatcausesthisdifference.Howeverresearchhasshownthatdyslexiaismorecommoninmalesthaninfemalesanditisfoundmoreofteninpersonswhoarelefthanded4.Nooneknowsthecauseofdyslexiabutsomescientistsbelievethatitmayresultfromchemicalchangesinababy’’sbodylongbeforeitisborn.Theyaretryingtofindwaystoteachpersonswithdyslexia.Dyslexicpersonsthinkdifferentlyandneedspecialkindsofteachinghelp.Aftertheyhavesolvedtheirproblemswithlanguagetheyoftenshowthemselvestobeespeciallyintelligentorcreative. Theleftsideofthebraininadyslexicpersonisbiggerthantherightside.
AmericansDecrease IncreasinglyhistoriansareblamingdiseasesimportedfromtheOldWorldforthestaggeringdisparity不同betweentheindigenous本土的populationofAmericain1492—newestimatesofwhichsoarashighas100millionorapproximatelyone-sixthofthehumanraceatthattime—andthefewmillionfull-bloodedNativeAmericansaliveattheendofthenineteenthcentury.Thereisnodoubtthatchronicdiseasewasanimportantfactorintheprecipitous险峻的declineanditishighlyprobablethatthegreatestkillerwasepidemicdiseaseespeciallyasmanifestedinvirgin-soil处女地epidemics. Virgin-soilepidemicsarethoseinwhichthepopulationsatriskhavehadnopreviouscontactwiththediseasesthatstrikethemandarethereforeimmunologically免疫学的almostdefenseless.Thatvirgin-soilepidemicswereimportantinAmericanhistoryisstronglyindicatedbyevidencethatanumberofdangerousmaladies病—smallpoxmeasles麻疹malaria疟病yellowfeverandundoubtedlyseveralmore—wereunknowninthepre-ColumbianNewWorld.TheeffectsoftheirsuddenintroductionaredemonstratedintheearlychroniclesofAmericawhichcontainreportsofhorrendous可怕的epidemicsandsteeppopulationdeclinesconfirmedinmanycasesbyrecentequantitativeanalysesofSpanishtributerecordsandothersources.TheevidenceprovidedbythedocumentsofBritishandFrenchcoloniesisnotasdefinitivebecausetheconquerorsofthoseareasdidnotestablishpermanentsettlementsandbegintokeepcontinuousrecordsuntiltheseventiethcenturybywhichtimetheworstepidemicshadprobablyalreadytakenplace.FurthermoretheBritishtendedtodrivethenativepopulationsawayratherthanenslavingthemastheSpaniardsdidsothattheepidemicsofBritishAmericaoccurredbeyondtherangeofcolonistsdirectobservation. EvensothesurvivingrecordsofNorthAmericadocontainreferencestodeadlyepidemicsamongtheindigenouspopulation.In1616—1619anepidemicpossiblyofbubonicorpneumonic肺的plague瘟疫sweptcoastalNewEnglandkillingasmanyasnineoutoften.Duringthe1630’’ssmall-poxthediseasemostfataltotheNativeAmericanpeopleeliminatedhalfthepopulationoftheHuronandIroquoisconfederations.Inthe1820’’sfeverdevastatedthepeopleoftheCoulumbiaRiverareakillingeightoutoftenofthem. UnfortunatelythedocumentationoftheseandotherepidemicsisslightandfrequentlyunreliableanditisnecessarytosupplementwhatlittlewedoknowwithevidencefromrecentepidemicsamongNativeAmericans.Forexamplein1952anoutbreakofmeaslesamongtheNativeAmericaninhabitantsofUngavaBay.Quebecaffected99percentofthepopulationandkilled7percenteventhoughsomehadthebenefitofmodernmedicine.Casessuchasthisdemonstratethatevendiseasesthatarenotnormallyfatalcanhavedevastatingconsequenceswhentheystrikeanimmunologicallydefenselesscommunity. Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto______.
HelenandMartinWithathoughtfulsighHelenturnedawayfromthewindowandwalkedbacktoherfavouritearmchair.51herbrotherneverarriveForabriefmomentshewonderedifshereallycaredthatmuch.OvertheyearsHelenhadgiven52waitingforMartintotakeaninterestinher.Herfeelingsforhimhadgradually53untilnowasshesatwaitingforhimsheexperiencednomorethanasister’s54toseewhathad55ofherbrother.Almostwithout56MartinhadlosthisjobwithabusypublishingcompanyafterspendingthelasteightyearsinNewYorkasakeyfigureintheUSoffice.Somehowthetwoofthemhadn’t57tokeepintouchandleftaloneHelenhadslowlyfoundher58inherownjudgementgrowing.59thewishesofherparentsshehadleftuniversityhalfway60hercourseandnowtotheastonishmentofthewholefamilyshewas61afast-growingreputationinthepagesofrespectedartmagazinesandwasactuallyearningenoughtolive62fromherpaintings.Ofcourseshe63nopleasureinMartin’ssuddenmisfortunebutshecouldn’t64lookingforwardtoherbrother’sarrivalwith65satisfactionatwhatshehadachieved.
OntheTrain ThenighttrainfromGlasgowwassocrowdedthatDonaldwhowasonhiswaytoLondontofindatemporaryjobfortheuniversityvacationwishedthathehaddecidedtotravelbyday.Hehadneverbeensohardup. Hegotonthetrainandwalkedalongthecorridorofthesecond-classcompartments.Hecouldn’’tfindaseatanywhere.Hecouldnotaffordtotravelfirstclassandhedidnotwanttostandinthecorridor.Neitherdidhewanttositonhissuitcase.Hewassotiredthathedecidedtositdowninafirstclasscompartmentatleastforawhile.Hesoonfoundonewithasingleoccupant乘客agentlemanreadingdocumentsfromabriefcase.Withtheself-assuranceofafirstclasstravelerheopenedthedoorandwentin.Nosoonerhadhesatdownthantheticketinspectorarrived.Whatbadluck!Nowhewouldhavetopaytheexcess额外的fare.Asheturnedouthispockettofindenoughmoneyhesawthegentlemanwaswatchinghimwithamusement.Itwashumiliating令人感到羞辱的.Howeverhewassotiredthathesoonfellasleep. Presentlyhearinganoisehehalfopenedhiseyes.Notonlydidhenoticethathistravelingcompanionhadgonebuthealsosawthatarough-lookingmanwassearchingthroughthebusinessman’’sbriefcase.Donaldgrabbedthebriefcaseandwrenched猛夺itfreekickingattheman’’sleg.Themanfled. ThenthebusinessmanreturnedandfoundDonaldholdingthebriefcaseandpeeringinsideit.Donaldrealizedthathewasinquiteanawkwardsituationbutthemanwassmiling.Norwasthistheonlysurprisingthing.NotonlywasthegentlemanwhointroducedhimselfasMr.SmithsmilingbuthethankedDonaldwarmly.OnhiswaybacktothecompartmentMr.Smithhadseenthemanleavinginagreathurry.HehadsoquicklyassessedthesituationthatheknewDonaldwasinnocent. OnlyafteralongchatinwhichDonaldwasaskedmanyquestionsabouthimselfdidDonalddiscoverthatMr.SmithwasinfactmanagingdirectorofalargefactoryinLondon.DonaldhadneverimaginedthatthisstrangeincidentwouldhelphimtofindajobbutjustastheywereleavingthetrainMr.SmithofferedhimthepostoftemporaryNightSecurityOfficerforhisfactory. Accordingtoparagraphs1and2whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutDonaldisNOTtrue?
Thedoctorshaveabandonedthehopetorescuetheoldman.
OntheTrain ThenighttrainfromGlasgowwassocrowdedthatDonaldwhowasonhiswaytoLondontofindatemporaryjobfortheuniversityvacationwishedthathehaddecidedtotravelbyday.Hehadneverbeensohardup. Hegotonthetrainandwalkedalongthecorridorofthesecond-classcompartments.Hecouldn’’tfindaseatanywhere.Hecouldnotaffordtotravelfirstclassandhedidnotwanttostandinthecorridor.Neitherdidhewanttositonhissuitcase.Hewassotiredthathedecidedtositdowninafirstclasscompartmentatleastforawhile.Hesoonfoundonewithasingleoccupant乘客agentlemanreadingdocumentsfromabriefcase.Withtheself-assuranceofafirstclasstravelerheopenedthedoorandwentin.Nosoonerhadhesatdownthantheticketinspectorarrived.Whatbadluck!Nowhewouldhavetopaytheexcess额外的fare.Asheturnedouthispockettofindenoughmoneyhesawthegentlemanwaswatchinghimwithamusement.Itwashumiliating令人感到羞辱的.Howeverhewassotiredthathesoonfellasleep. Presentlyhearinganoisehehalfopenedhiseyes.Notonlydidhenoticethathistravelingcompanionhadgonebuthealsosawthatarough-lookingmanwassearchingthroughthebusinessman’’sbriefcase.Donaldgrabbedthebriefcaseandwrenched猛夺itfreekickingattheman’’sleg.Themanfled. ThenthebusinessmanreturnedandfoundDonaldholdingthebriefcaseandpeeringinsideit.Donaldrealizedthathewasinquiteanawkwardsituationbutthemanwassmiling.Norwasthistheonlysurprisingthing.NotonlywasthegentlemanwhointroducedhimselfasMr.SmithsmilingbuthethankedDonaldwarmly.OnhiswaybacktothecompartmentMr.Smithhadseenthemanleavinginagreathurry.HehadsoquicklyassessedthesituationthatheknewDonaldwasinnocent. OnlyafteralongchatinwhichDonaldwasaskedmanyquestionsabouthimselfdidDonalddiscoverthatMr.SmithwasinfactmanagingdirectorofalargefactoryinLondon.DonaldhadneverimaginedthatthisstrangeincidentwouldhelphimtofindajobbutjustastheywereleavingthetrainMr.SmithofferedhimthepostoftemporaryNightSecurityOfficerforhisfactory. Mr.SmithrealizedthatDonaldwasinnocent______.
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OntheTrain ThenighttrainfromGlasgowwassocrowdedthatDonaldwhowasonhiswaytoLondontofindatemporaryjobfortheuniversityvacationwishedthathehaddecidedtotravelbyday.Hehadneverbeensohardup. Hegotonthetrainandwalkedalongthecorridorofthesecond-classcompartments.Hecouldn’’tfindaseatanywhere.Hecouldnotaffordtotravelfirstclassandhedidnotwanttostandinthecorridor.Neitherdidhewanttositonhissuitcase.Hewassotiredthathedecidedtositdowninafirstclasscompartmentatleastforawhile.Hesoonfoundonewithasingleoccupant乘客agentlemanreadingdocumentsfromabriefcase.Withtheself-assuranceofafirstclasstravelerheopenedthedoorandwentin.Nosoonerhadhesatdownthantheticketinspectorarrived.Whatbadluck!Nowhewouldhavetopaytheexcess额外的fare.Asheturnedouthispockettofindenoughmoneyhesawthegentlemanwaswatchinghimwithamusement.Itwashumiliating令人感到羞辱的.Howeverhewassotiredthathesoonfellasleep. Presentlyhearinganoisehehalfopenedhiseyes.Notonlydidhenoticethathistravelingcompanionhadgonebuthealsosawthatarough-lookingmanwassearchingthroughthebusinessman’’sbriefcase.Donaldgrabbedthebriefcaseandwrenched猛夺itfreekickingattheman’’sleg.Themanfled. ThenthebusinessmanreturnedandfoundDonaldholdingthebriefcaseandpeeringinsideit.Donaldrealizedthathewasinquiteanawkwardsituationbutthemanwassmiling.Norwasthistheonlysurprisingthing.NotonlywasthegentlemanwhointroducedhimselfasMr.SmithsmilingbuthethankedDonaldwarmly.OnhiswaybacktothecompartmentMr.Smithhadseenthemanleavinginagreathurry.HehadsoquicklyassessedthesituationthatheknewDonaldwasinnocent. OnlyafteralongchatinwhichDonaldwasaskedmanyquestionsabouthimselfdidDonalddiscoverthatMr.SmithwasinfactmanagingdirectorofalargefactoryinLondon.DonaldhadneverimaginedthatthisstrangeincidentwouldhelphimtofindajobbutjustastheywereleavingthetrainMr.SmithofferedhimthepostoftemporaryNightSecurityOfficerforhisfactory. ThetrainDonaldtookwas______.
BathingIntheSea BathingintheseainEnglandahundredyearsagowasnotquitethelight-heartedamusementthatitistoday.Therearenorunningdownfromthehoteltothebeachinabathrobe长袍nosunbathingorlyingaboutonthesandsinbathing-dressesafterthedip.Everythinghadtobedoneinanorderlyandextremelypolitemanner.Mixedbathingwasnotallowedanywhere.Menandwomeneachhadtheirseparatepartofthebeachandtheywerenotsupposedtomeetinthewater. Bathingclotheswerealsocloselycontrolled.Menusuallyworesimplebathingdrawersandnomorebutwomenwereobligedtowearthickcumbersomewoolengarmentsthatcoveredthemcompletelyfromheadtofoot.Thesesatisfiedthedemandsofmodestybuttheymusthavebeenextremelyuncomfortableforswimming. Eventhusdecentlycoveredwomenwerenotsupposedtoshowthemselvesonthebeachwhileinbathingattire浴衣.Theyhadtowaittheirturnforabathingmachineasortofwoodencabinonwheelswhichwasdrawnrightdowntothewatersedgebyhorses.Onitsseawardsideasortofhoodorcanopy罩盖stretchedoutwardsanddownwardsoverthewatercompletelyhidingthebatheruntilshewasactuallyintheseaTherewasabathingwomaninattendancepartofwhosedutywastodipinotherwordstoseizethebatherassoonassheemergedanddipherforciblyunderwatertwoorthreetimes.Thiswassupposedtobeforthebenefitofherhealthandnodoubtitwasallrightinthehandsofthegentle.Butmostbathingwomenwerethereverseofgentleandtobedippedbythemmusthavebeenastrenuousformofexercise. Mostbathing-womenwere______.
Thisbook{{U}}embraces{{/U}}manysubjects.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
Dyslexia Asmanyas20%ofallchildrenintheUnitedStatessufferfromsomeformofthelearningdisorder2calleddyslexia. Expertsondyslexiasaythattheproblemisnotadisease.Theysaythatpersonswithdyslexiauseinformationinadifferentway.Oneoftheworldsgreatthinkersandscientists.AlbertEinsteinwasdyslexic.Einsteinsaidthatheneverthoughtinwordsthewaythatmostpeopledo.Hesaidthathethoughtinpicturesinstead. TheAmericaninventorThomasEdisonwasalsodyslexic.DyslexiafirstwasrecognizedinEuropeandtheUnitedStatesmorethan80yearsago.Manyyearspassedbeforedoctorsdiscoveredthatpersonswiththedisorderwerenotmentallyslowordisabled.Thedoctorsfoundthatthebrainsofpersonswithdyslexiaaredifferent. Inmostpeopletheleftsideofthebrain—thepartthatcontrolslanguageislargerthantherightside.Inpersonswithdyslexiatherightsideofthebrainisbigger.Doctorsarenotsurewhatcausesthisdifference.Howeverresearchhasshownthatdyslexiaismorecommoninmalesthaninfemalesanditisfoundmoreofteninpersonswhoarelefthanded4.Nooneknowsthecauseofdyslexiabutsomescientistsbelievethatitmayresultfromchemicalchangesinababy’’sbodylongbeforeitisborn.Theyaretryingtofindwaystoteachpersonswithdyslexia.Dyslexicpersonsthinkdifferentlyandneedspecialkindsofteachinghelp.Aftertheyhavesolvedtheirproblemswithlanguagetheyoftenshowthemselvestobeespeciallyintelligentorcreative. Manygreatthinkersandscientistsintheworldaredyslexic.
AmericansDecrease IncreasinglyhistoriansareblamingdiseasesimportedfromtheOldWorldforthestaggeringdisparity不同betweentheindigenous本土的populationofAmericain1492—newestimatesofwhichsoarashighas100millionorapproximatelyone-sixthofthehumanraceatthattime—andthefewmillionfull-bloodedNativeAmericansaliveattheendofthenineteenthcentury.Thereisnodoubtthatchronicdiseasewasanimportantfactorintheprecipitous险峻的declineanditishighlyprobablethatthegreatestkillerwasepidemicdiseaseespeciallyasmanifestedinvirgin-soil处女地epidemics. Virgin-soilepidemicsarethoseinwhichthepopulationsatriskhavehadnopreviouscontactwiththediseasesthatstrikethemandarethereforeimmunologically免疫学的almostdefenseless.Thatvirgin-soilepidemicswereimportantinAmericanhistoryisstronglyindicatedbyevidencethatanumberofdangerousmaladies病—smallpoxmeasles麻疹malaria疟病yellowfeverandundoubtedlyseveralmore—wereunknowninthepre-ColumbianNewWorld.TheeffectsoftheirsuddenintroductionaredemonstratedintheearlychroniclesofAmericawhichcontainreportsofhorrendous可怕的epidemicsandsteeppopulationdeclinesconfirmedinmanycasesbyrecentequantitativeanalysesofSpanishtributerecordsandothersources.TheevidenceprovidedbythedocumentsofBritishandFrenchcoloniesisnotasdefinitivebecausetheconquerorsofthoseareasdidnotestablishpermanentsettlementsandbegintokeepcontinuousrecordsuntiltheseventiethcenturybywhichtimetheworstepidemicshadprobablyalreadytakenplace.FurthermoretheBritishtendedtodrivethenativepopulationsawayratherthanenslavingthemastheSpaniardsdidsothattheepidemicsofBritishAmericaoccurredbeyondtherangeofcolonistsdirectobservation. EvensothesurvivingrecordsofNorthAmericadocontainreferencestodeadlyepidemicsamongtheindigenouspopulation.In1616—1619anepidemicpossiblyofbubonicorpneumonic肺的plague瘟疫sweptcoastalNewEnglandkillingasmanyasnineoutoften.Duringthe1630’’ssmall-poxthediseasemostfataltotheNativeAmericanpeopleeliminatedhalfthepopulationoftheHuronandIroquoisconfederations.Inthe1820’’sfeverdevastatedthepeopleoftheCoulumbiaRiverareakillingeightoutoftenofthem. UnfortunatelythedocumentationoftheseandotherepidemicsisslightandfrequentlyunreliableanditisnecessarytosupplementwhatlittlewedoknowwithevidencefromrecentepidemicsamongNativeAmericans.Forexamplein1952anoutbreakofmeaslesamongtheNativeAmericaninhabitantsofUngavaBay.Quebecaffected99percentofthepopulationandkilled7percenteventhoughsomehadthebenefitofmodernmedicine.Casessuchasthisdemonstratethatevendiseasesthatarenotnormallyfatalcanhavedevastatingconsequenceswhentheystrikeanimmunologicallydefenselesscommunity. WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheNativeAmericaninhabitantsofUngavaBay?
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
BathingIntheSea BathingintheseainEnglandahundredyearsagowasnotquitethelight-heartedamusementthatitistoday.Therearenorunningdownfromthehoteltothebeachinabathrobe长袍nosunbathingorlyingaboutonthesandsinbathing-dressesafterthedip.Everythinghadtobedoneinanorderlyandextremelypolitemanner.Mixedbathingwasnotallowedanywhere.Menandwomeneachhadtheirseparatepartofthebeachandtheywerenotsupposedtomeetinthewater. Bathingclotheswerealsocloselycontrolled.Menusuallyworesimplebathingdrawersandnomorebutwomenwereobligedtowearthickcumbersomewoolengarmentsthatcoveredthemcompletelyfromheadtofoot.Thesesatisfiedthedemandsofmodestybuttheymusthavebeenextremelyuncomfortableforswimming. Eventhusdecentlycoveredwomenwerenotsupposedtoshowthemselvesonthebeachwhileinbathingattire浴衣.Theyhadtowaittheirturnforabathingmachineasortofwoodencabinonwheelswhichwasdrawnrightdowntothewatersedgebyhorses.Onitsseawardsideasortofhoodorcanopy罩盖stretchedoutwardsanddownwardsoverthewatercompletelyhidingthebatheruntilshewasactuallyintheseaTherewasabathingwomaninattendancepartofwhosedutywastodipinotherwordstoseizethebatherassoonassheemergedanddipherforciblyunderwatertwoorthreetimes.Thiswassupposedtobeforthebenefitofherhealthandnodoubtitwasallrightinthehandsofthegentle.Butmostbathingwomenwerethereverseofgentleandtobedippedbythemmusthavebeenastrenuousformofexercise. Thebathingmachinewasused______.
Ifwoolisputintohotwaterittendstoshrink.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
Threestraightlinesmeetingatthreepointsconstituteatriangle.
Afterthewholeday’’smarchtheyaretoofatiguetowalkanymore.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
HelenandMartinWithathoughtfulsighHelenturnedawayfromthewindowandwalkedbacktoherfavouritearmchair.51herbrotherneverarriveForabriefmomentshewonderedifshereallycaredthatmuch.OvertheyearsHelenhadgiven52waitingforMartintotakeaninterestinher.Herfeelingsforhimhadgradually53untilnowasshesatwaitingforhimsheexperiencednomorethanasister’s54toseewhathad55ofherbrother.Almostwithout56MartinhadlosthisjobwithabusypublishingcompanyafterspendingthelasteightyearsinNewYorkasakeyfigureintheUSoffice.Somehowthetwoofthemhadn’t57tokeepintouchandleftaloneHelenhadslowlyfoundher58inherownjudgementgrowing.59thewishesofherparentsshehadleftuniversityhalfway60hercourseandnowtotheastonishmentofthewholefamilyshewas61afast-growingreputationinthepagesofrespectedartmagazinesandwasactuallyearningenoughtolive62fromherpaintings.Ofcourseshe63nopleasureinMartin’ssuddenmisfortunebutshecouldn’t64lookingforwardtoherbrother’sarrivalwith65satisfactionatwhatshehadachieved.
Dyslexia Asmanyas20%ofallchildrenintheUnitedStatessufferfromsomeformofthelearningdisorder2calleddyslexia. Expertsondyslexiasaythattheproblemisnotadisease.Theysaythatpersonswithdyslexiauseinformationinadifferentway.Oneoftheworldsgreatthinkersandscientists.AlbertEinsteinwasdyslexic.Einsteinsaidthatheneverthoughtinwordsthewaythatmostpeopledo.Hesaidthathethoughtinpicturesinstead. TheAmericaninventorThomasEdisonwasalsodyslexic.DyslexiafirstwasrecognizedinEuropeandtheUnitedStatesmorethan80yearsago.Manyyearspassedbeforedoctorsdiscoveredthatpersonswiththedisorderwerenotmentallyslowordisabled.Thedoctorsfoundthatthebrainsofpersonswithdyslexiaaredifferent. Inmostpeopletheleftsideofthebrain—thepartthatcontrolslanguageislargerthantherightside.Inpersonswithdyslexiatherightsideofthebrainisbigger.Doctorsarenotsurewhatcausesthisdifference.Howeverresearchhasshownthatdyslexiaismorecommoninmalesthaninfemalesanditisfoundmoreofteninpersonswhoarelefthanded4.Nooneknowsthecauseofdyslexiabutsomescientistsbelievethatitmayresultfromchemicalchangesinababy’’sbodylongbeforeitisborn.Theyaretryingtofindwaystoteachpersonswithdyslexia.Dyslexicpersonsthinkdifferentlyandneedspecialkindsofteachinghelp.Aftertheyhavesolvedtheirproblemswithlanguagetheyoftenshowthemselvestobeespeciallyintelligentorcreative. Itisbelievedthatdyslexiaisrelatedtothebadhabitsofababy’smother.
ProblemsthatManufacturersFace Manufacturerswhowishtoexporttheirgoodstoothercountries【51】manypracticalproblems. Firstlythereisthequestionofevaluatingthemarketand【52】wheretheproduct【53】well.This【54】examiningrivalproductstosee【55】thesealreadyfillthedemandornotandconsideringiftheproposedsellingpricewillbecompetitive.【56】istofindsomeoneinthechosenmarket【57】willbuytheproduct.Thebuyercouldbeawholesalerwhowill【58】selltheproducttoshopsandstoresorsomeonewitharetailoutletof【59】own.Finallythere’’s【60】wholequestionofarrangingthedetailsofthedealsuchasfinancetransportationstorage.【61】amanufacturerknowstheexportmarketverywellindeedthebestanswertoalltheseproblemsisundoubtedlytofindagoodagentwhocanmakethewholeprojectviable.Anagentwillprovideinformationintroductionsandcontactsandinreturnheorshewillgetan【62】percentageformthemanufacturer. WhenPaulOsmantheSalesManagerofJayalMotorswhich【63】mopedsvisitedacityinanattempttobreakintoanewmarketfindinganagentwashisfirstjob.HewasfortunatetobeintroducedtoAdamFortesqueawellestablishedagentwhois【64】impressedbytheJayalmopedstoputhisassistantEveSorrellontothejobofhelpingPaulinhisproposedexpansionintotheexportmarket. 【65】thisattemptbringsitsownproblemsandPaulhasrealizedthatJayalMotorswillhavetoadaptquicklyifitistobecomeanexpandinginternationalcompany.
AmericansDecrease IncreasinglyhistoriansareblamingdiseasesimportedfromtheOldWorldforthestaggeringdisparity不同betweentheindigenous本土的populationofAmericain1492—newestimatesofwhichsoarashighas100millionorapproximatelyone-sixthofthehumanraceatthattime—andthefewmillionfull-bloodedNativeAmericansaliveattheendofthenineteenthcentury.Thereisnodoubtthatchronicdiseasewasanimportantfactorintheprecipitous险峻的declineanditishighlyprobablethatthegreatestkillerwasepidemicdiseaseespeciallyasmanifestedinvirgin-soil处女地epidemics. Virgin-soilepidemicsarethoseinwhichthepopulationsatriskhavehadnopreviouscontactwiththediseasesthatstrikethemandarethereforeimmunologically免疫学的almostdefenseless.Thatvirgin-soilepidemicswereimportantinAmericanhistoryisstronglyindicatedbyevidencethatanumberofdangerousmaladies病—smallpoxmeasles麻疹malaria疟病yellowfeverandundoubtedlyseveralmore—wereunknowninthepre-ColumbianNewWorld.TheeffectsoftheirsuddenintroductionaredemonstratedintheearlychroniclesofAmericawhichcontainreportsofhorrendous可怕的epidemicsandsteeppopulationdeclinesconfirmedinmanycasesbyrecentequantitativeanalysesofSpanishtributerecordsandothersources.TheevidenceprovidedbythedocumentsofBritishandFrenchcoloniesisnotasdefinitivebecausetheconquerorsofthoseareasdidnotestablishpermanentsettlementsandbegintokeepcontinuousrecordsuntiltheseventiethcenturybywhichtimetheworstepidemicshadprobablyalreadytakenplace.FurthermoretheBritishtendedtodrivethenativepopulationsawayratherthanenslavingthemastheSpaniardsdidsothattheepidemicsofBritishAmericaoccurredbeyondtherangeofcolonistsdirectobservation. EvensothesurvivingrecordsofNorthAmericadocontainreferencestodeadlyepidemicsamongtheindigenouspopulation.In1616—1619anepidemicpossiblyofbubonicorpneumonic肺的plague瘟疫sweptcoastalNewEnglandkillingasmanyasnineoutoften.Duringthe1630’’ssmall-poxthediseasemostfataltotheNativeAmericanpeopleeliminatedhalfthepopulationoftheHuronandIroquoisconfederations.Inthe1820’’sfeverdevastatedthepeopleoftheCoulumbiaRiverareakillingeightoutoftenofthem. UnfortunatelythedocumentationoftheseandotherepidemicsisslightandfrequentlyunreliableanditisnecessarytosupplementwhatlittlewedoknowwithevidencefromrecentepidemicsamongNativeAmericans.Forexamplein1952anoutbreakofmeaslesamongtheNativeAmericaninhabitantsofUngavaBay.Quebecaffected99percentofthepopulationandkilled7percenteventhoughsomehadthebenefitofmodernmedicine.Casessuchasthisdemonstratethatevendiseasesthatarenotnormallyfatalcanhavedevastatingconsequenceswhentheystrikeanimmunologicallydefenselesscommunity. AccordingtothepassagetheBritishcolonialistsdifferedfromtheSpanishcolonialistsinthattheformer______.
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