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Awareness Weeks（认知宣传周）have become a regular part of Britain's cultural landscape over the past few y...
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Ifwomenareexploited剥削yearafteryeartheyhaveonlythemselvestoblamE.Becausetheyshakeatthethoughtofbeingseeninpublicinclothesthatareoutoffashiontheyarealwaystakenadvantageofbythedesignersandthebigstores.Clotheswhichhavebeenwornonlyafewtimeshavetobeputasidebecauseofthechangeoffashion.Whenyoucometothinkofitonlyawomancanstandinfrontofawardrobepackedfullofclothesannouncingsadlythatshehasnothingtowear.ChangingfashionsisnothingmorethanthecreationofwasteonpurposE.Manywomenspendtoomuchmoneyeachyeartoreplaceclothesthathavehardlybeenworn.WomenwhocannotaffordtothrowawayclothinginthiswaywastehoursoftheirtimechangingthedressestheyhavE.Skirtsarelengthenedorshortened;necklinesareloweredorraisedandsoon.Noonecandeclarethatthefashionindustrycontributesanythingreallyimportanttosociety.Fashiondesignersareseldomconcernedwithimportantthingslikewarmthcomfortanddurability.Theyareonlyinterestedinoutwardappearanceandtheytakeadvantageofthefactthatwomenwillputupwithanyamountofdiscomfortaslongastheylookright.Therecanhardlybeamanwhohasn'tatsometimeinhislifesmiledatthesightofawomanshakinginathindressonawinterdayorpickingherawaythroughdeepsnowinhigh-heeledshoes.Whencomparingmenandwomeninthematteroffashiontheconclusionstobedrawnareobvious.Dotheconstantlychangingfashionsofwomen'sclothesonewondersshowbasicqualitiesofinconstancyandinstability不稳定性?Menarecleverenoughnottoletthemselvesbecheatedbyfashiondesigners.Dotheirunchangingstylesofdressshowbasicqualitiesofstabilityandreliability?ThatisforyoutodecidE.61.Designersandbigstoresalwaysmakemoney________.A.byexploitingwomenworkersintheclothingindustryB.becausetheyareabletoknownewfashionsbeforehandC.byfrequentlychangingthefashionsinwomen'sclothingD.becausetheypaymuchattentiontothequalityofwomen'sclothing62.Thewriterwouldbelesscriticaliffashiondesignerspaidmoreattentiontothe________ofclothing.A.coatB.appearanceC.comfortD.colors63.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Fashiondesignsshouldn'tbeencouragedforthey'reonlywelcomedbywomen.B.Thefrequentchangesinwomen'sclothingshowtheirstrengthofcharacter.C.Thefashionindustrymakesanimportantcontributiontosociety.D.Newfashionsinclothingarecreatedformakingmoneyfromwomen.
Weliketokeepourdistancefromothersandthereareveryspecificsocialrulesabouthowclosewecangotoothersinparticularsituations.ThesocialdistanceshereareapproximateofcourseandwillvarywithpeoplE.ButtheyarestillagoodgeneralrulE.HallidentifiedfourzonesthatarecommonforAmericans:PublicZone:>12feet.Thepubliczoneisgenerallyover12feet.Thatiswhenwe’rewalkingaroundtownwe’lltrytokeepatleast12feetbetweenusandotherpeoplE.Ofcoursethere’remanytimeswhenwecannotdothis.We’llstarttonoticeotherpeoplewhoarewithinthisdistancE.TheclosertheygetthemorewebecomeawarE.SocialZone:4-12feet.WithinthesocialzonewestarttofeelaconnectionwithotherpeoplE.Whenthey’recloserthenwecantalkwiththemwithouthavingtoshoutbutstillkeepthematasafedistancE.Thisisacomfortabledistanceforpeoplewhoarestandinginagroupbutmaybenottalkingdirectlywithoneanother.PersonalZone:1.5-4feet.Inthepersonalzonetheconversationgetsmoredirectandthisisagooddistancefortwopeoplewhoaretalkingseriouslyaboutsomething.Intimate亲密的Zone:
Sometimesyou’llhearpeoplesaythatyoucan’tloveothersuntilyouloveyourself.Sometimesyou’llhearpeoplesaythatyoucan’texpectsomeoneelsetoloveyouuntilyouloveyourself.Eitherwayyou’vegottoloveyourselffirstandthiscanbetricky.Sureweallknowthatwe’retheappleofourparents’eyesandthatourGrandmasthinkwe’regreattalentsandourUncleRobertsthinkthatwewillgototheOlympics.Butsometimesit’salothardertothinksuchnicethoughtsaboutourselves.IfyoufindthatbelievinginyourselfisachallengE.Itistimeyoubuildapositiveself-imageandlearntoloveyourself.Self-imageisyourownmind’spictureofyourself.Thisimageincludesthewayyoulookthewayyouactthewayyoutalkandthewayyouthink.Interestinglyourself-imagesareoftenquitedifferentfromtheimagesothersholdaboutUS.UnfortunatelymostoftheseimagesaremorenegativethantheyshouldbE.Thuschangingthewayyouthinkaboutyourselfisthekeytochangingyourself-imageandyourwholeworlD.Thebestwaytodefeatapassiveself-imageistostepbackanddecidetostressyoursuccesses.Thatismakealistifyouneedtobutwritedownallofthegreatthingsyoudoeveryday.Don’tallowdoubtstooccurinit.Itverywellmightbethatyouareexperiencinganegativeself-imagebecauseyoucan’tmovepastoneflaworweaknessthatyouseeaboutyourself.Wellrollupyoursleevesandmakeachangeofitasyourprimarytask.Ifyouthinkyou’resillybecauseyouaren’tgoodatmathfindatutor.Ifyouthinkyou’reweakbecauseyoucan’trunamilegettothetrackandpracticE.Ifyouthinkyou’redullbecauseyoudon’twearthelatesttrendsbuyafewnewclothes.Butrememberjustbecauseyouthinkitdoesn’tmeanit’struE.Thebestwaytogetridofanegativeself-imageistorealizethatyourimageisfarfromobjectiveandtoactivelyconvinceyourselfofyourpositivequalities.Changingthewayyouthinkandworkingonthoseyouneedtoimprovewillgoalongwaytowardspromotingapositiveself-imagE.Whenyoucanpat拍yourselfonthebackyou’llknowyou’rewellonyourway.Goodluck!60.Youneedtobuildapositiveself-imagewhenyou_________.A.daretochallengeyourselfB.feelithardtochangeyourselfC.areunconfidentaboutyourselfD.haveahighopinionofyourself61.Howshouldyouchangeyourself-imageaccordingtothepassage?A.Tokeepadifferentimageofothers.B.Tomakeyourlifesuccessful.C.TounderstandyourownworlD.D.Tochangethewayyouthink.62.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howtoprepareforyoursuccess.B.HowtofacechallengesinyourlifE.C.Howtobuildapositiveself-imagE.D.Howtodevelopyourgoodqualities.63.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthepassage?A.Parents.B.Adolescents.C.Educators.D.Peopleingeneral.
SinceWorldWarIIallnationsoftheworldhaveshownagreatinterestineconomicgrowth.Thehighlydevelopednationshaveshownthegreatestgrowthrates.Howeverinspiteoftheirgrowthratesthesenationshavebeentroubledbytwoseriousproblems:inflation通货膨胀andunemployment.Atonetimeeconomistsbelievedthatgenerallypriceswouldrisefasterthanwagesandemploymentbutthatthesewouldquicklyfollowandthatafallinwageswouldbringafallinprices.HoweverforsometimetheWesterneconomistshavebeensufferingfrombothcontinuallyincreasinginflationandcontinuallyincreasingunemployment.Otherproblemshaveaccompaniedtechnologicaldevelopment.Theseincludethepollutionofwaterandairbythewastesoffactoriessolidwastesfrommanytechnicalactivitiesincludingatomiconesandthedeterioration恶化ofworkers'healthinmanyfactoriesminesandotherindustrialactivities.Theconcentration密集ofpopulationincitieshasgivenrisetomanyproblemsofhousingeducationalandmedicalservicesandhigherandhighercrimerates.Thesearethesocialcostsofeconomicgrowthwhichmustbemetbythesociety.Technologicaldevelopmentandtheeconomicgrowthdependentonithavebroughtaboutgreatchangesintheeconomicsystems.Productionhasbeenconcentratedintoafewlargecorporations企业suchastheoilcompaniesandtheautomobileproducers.67.WhichofthefollowingexpressionsisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Economicgrowth.B.Productionrelationship.C.Inflationandunemployment.D.Crimerates.68.Thehighlydevelopedcountrieshavehadtheireconomygrownrapidly__________.A.sotherearefewpoorpeoplethereB.andthepricesofgoodsarealwayslowC.andallthepeopletherecanenjoyhighwagesD.buttheyhavemetinflationandunemployment69.Technologicaldevelopmenthasledtomanyotherproblemsexcept__________accordingtothepassagE.A.thedeteriorationofworkers'healthB.pollutionofairC.warsbetweencountriesD.pollutionofwater70.Thereasonwhycrimeratesarehigherandhigheristhat__________.A.thehousingproblemhasn'tbeensolvedB.populationofcitiesgrowsrapidlyC.thesocietymustn'tmeeteconomicgrowthD.therearenoeducationalandmedicalservices
Thinkingissomethingyouchoosetodoasafishchoosestoliveinwater.Tobehumanistothink.Butthinkingmaycomenaturallywithoutyourknowinghowyoudoit.Thinkingaboutdrinkingisthekeytocritical判断性的thinking.Whenyouthinkcriticallyyoutakecontrolofyourthinkingprocesses过程.Otherwiseyoumightbecontrolledbytheideasofothers.Indeedcriticalthinkingisattheheartofeducation.Thewordcriticalherehasaspecialmeaning.Itdoesnotmeantakingoneviewagainstanotherviewaswhensomeonecriticizesanotherpersonfordoingsomethingwrong.Thenatureofcriticalthinkingisthinkingbeyondtheeasilyseen-beyondthepicturesonTVtheuntruereportsinthenewspapersandthefaultyreasoning.Criticalthinkingisanattitudeasmuchasanactivity.Ifyouarecuriousaboutlifeanddesiretodigdeeperintoityouareacriticalthinker.Ifyoufindpleasureindeepthinkingaboutdifferentideascharactersandfactsyouareacriticalthinker.Activitiesofthemindandhigher-orderreasoningareprocessesofdeepandcarefulconsideration.Theytaketimeanddonotgohandinhandwiththefastspeedintoday’sworld:fastfoodsinstantcoffeeandself-developingfilm.Ifyouareamongthepeoplewhobelievethatspeedisameasureofintelligence智力youmaylearnsomethingnewfromastoryaboutAlbertEinstein.ThefirsttimeBaneshHoffmanascientistwastodiscusshisworkwithAlbertEinstein.Hoffmanwastoonervoustospeak.ButEinsteinimmediatelyputHoffmanateasebysayingPleasegoslowly.Idon’tunderstandthingsquickly.72.Criticalthinkingisimportanttousbecauseifwedonotthinkcritically_______.
TherepairmantoldmeNochargE.ProfessorPan!We’refriends.I’dratherpay.IreplieD.Ifit’sfreeIcan’taffordit!ChineseoftenrefusepaymentforprofessionalservicesinsistingWe’refriendsnow!ButthentheyshowuplatertoaskmetotutortheminEnglishorgetthemintoanAmericanuniversityandIwishI’dhavejustpaidthe30yuanIowedtheminthefirstplace!AccordingtotheAmericansThere’snofreelunchmeaningthere’sapriceforeverythingandI’malwayslookingaroundtofigureoutwhatthismeans.Manyofourneighborshavegivenusfruitorflowersorcostlyteasneveraskinganythinginreturn.Foryearsabicyclerepairmanhasrepeatedlyrefusedtoletmepayhim.Waituntilyouhavesomethingmajortofix!heinsists.ImentionedtoapeasantfriendthatIwishedIhadastonemill磨togrindflourforbreaD.A.monthlaterheshowedupwithabeautifulmillthathe’dhadhisuncleinthecountrysidecarvefromasolidblockofgranitE.ChinesegenerosityisarealeducationforAmericanslikemewhowouldratheravoidsocialentanglements纠缠andjusthandoverthemoney.Butcashcan’tcompensate补偿forthegreatestgift—friendship.WhenanAmericansawsomeofmyfriendssittingonbamboostoolsunderthetreesdrinkingteahesaidTheymusthavenothingbettertodo.ActuallyIsaidtheyareprofessorswithplentytodo.Butprobablyyou’rerightinsayingthatatthismomenttheyhavenothingbettertodo.AndneitherdoI!AndIjoinedthegroup.WechattedaboutteaandChinesecookingandhowmuchmyboyshavegrownsincewearriveD.OnemansaidTheywerepocket-sizedwhenyoucameherE.Nowthey’retallerthanyou.Howtimeflies!Howlifeflies.AndChinesearesmartenoughtosharewhattheyknow.Theycannotkeep.TheyfreelygiveofftheirtimenevertoobusytohelpafrienD.AndtheyareteachingmeslowlytobothgiveandreceivE.SothenexttimesomeonesaysNochargE.We’refriends!Iwillthankthemheartily.ButiftheyshowuplateraskingmetotutortheminEnglish.I’llmakesuretheytutormysoninChineseaswellbecausethere’sstillnofreelunch.86.Whydidtheauthorinsistpayingtherepairmanwhenhewasofferedfreerepairs?A.Becausehewasanuprightman.B.Becausehedidn’tknowtherepairman.C.Becausehethoughtitnaturaltopayforother’sservicE.D.Becausehedidn’twanttohelpothersinreturn.87.TheunderlinedwordfigureoutinParagraph3probablymeans____.A.calculateB.thinkofC.knowaboutD.makeitclear88.Generallytheauthorthinksthat____.A.ChinesearegenerousandalwaysreadytohelptheirfriendsB.ChinesearegoodatexchangeofequalvaluesC.ChinesearefreeenoughtodrinkteaandchatwiththeirfriendsD.Chinesearehelpfulbutdon’ttreasuretime89.Thebesttitleofthearticleshouldbe____.A.StillnofreelunchB.A.goodlessonfromtheChineseC.TruehelpornotD.Learntobothgiveandreceive90.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Chineseseldomrefusepaymentforprofessionalservices.B.Whenapeasantknewtheauthorneededamillhemadeonefortheauthorhimself.C.TheauthorthinksthatChinesearewiseenoughtoenjoytheirlifE.D.FinallytheauthorchangedhismindanddecidedtodoastheChinesedo.
AmericancantravelalmostanywheretheychoosE.ButtoprotecttheirpeoplethegovernmentlistsafewdangerousplaceswhereAmericanscannotgo.Theseplacesareunfriendlycountriesorcountriesatwar.TherethetravelermightnotbesafE.Thesecountriesarelistedinasmallbookcalledapassport.ThispassportisagovernmentrequestforthesafetyofitstravelingpeoplE.Itisalsoagovernment’spledge保证thatthepeoplewillobeytherulesofthehostcountry.ToreceiveapassportfromthegovernmentatravelermustprovethatheisanAmericancitizen.AnAmericancan’tgooverseaswithoutapassport.OnlycertainclosecountriessuchasCanadaandMexicodonotaskforpassport.Pastedinsidethepassportisthetraveler’spicturE.Childrentravelingwiththeirparentsareincludedinoneparent’sbook.ThousandsofpeoplefromtheUnitedStatedvisitothercountrieseveryyear.AnAmericantravelermightcarryplaneticketsmoneyclothingandmanyotherthings.Butthemostimportantthathecarriesinanothercountryishispassport.56.A.passportisnotneededwhenanAmericangoestoAforeigncountriesB.dangerousareasCCanadaandMexicoD.countriesoverseas57.FromthepassagewecanseethatAchildrencan’ttraveltoforeigncountriesBAmericansliketotravelCatravelerisnotsafeinmostcountriesDAmericansliketotraveltoclosecountries58.Whydoesatravelerneedapassport?AheneedssomethingmoretocarrywhenhetravelsBithelpsthecountrytoprotectthepeopleCheneedstohavehispicturetakenmoreoftenDithelpsthetravelertoknowwherehewillgo59.Whichstatementdoesthepassageleadyoutobelieve?ApeopleshouldtakecareoftheirpassportBitisnotimportanttohaveapassporttotravelCChildrenareneverincludedinapassportDwhenyouareinanothercountrymoneyismoreimportantthanapassport60.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?AWhenAmericansaretravelinginanothercountrytheymustobeytherulesofthecountryBTheAmericangovernmentsometimesallowsitspeopletotraveltodangerousplacesCA.passportisneededwhereveranAmericanistravelingDEveryonewholivesintheUnitedStatedcangetapassportfromtheAmericangovernment
AtmidnightonNewYear’sEvepeopleinRomeItalythrowoutallthethingstheynolongerwant.Thestreetsarefilledwitholdchairsbedsclothesanddishes.InMadridSpainthenewyearcomesinmorequietly.PeopleflocktothemainsquarE.Eachholdsabagofgrapes.Astheclockstrikestwelvethepeopleeatthegrapes—oneforeachstrokE.InTokyopeopleeatnoodlesonNewYear’sEvE.ThisfoodissaidtobringlonglifE.EarlythenextmorningsomeJapanesefamiliesclimbMountFuji.Theretheywatchthefirstsunriseofthenewyear.61.ThisstoryisaboutNewYear’sEvein____.A.ItalyandSpainB.ChinaandJapanC.JapanD.ItalySpainandJapan62.InRomeItalythestreetsarefilledwitholdthingsonNewYear’sEvebecause__.A.peoplethrowoutallthethingstheynolongerwantB.thecityhasneverbeencleanC.peoplewanttochangebackwhattheywantD.theywanttoseethesuncomeup63.InTokyopeopleeatnoodlesonNewYear’sEve_____.A.becausetheylikeeatingnoodlesverymuchB.sothatthedaytimecouldbelongerC.inorderthattheycouldlivelongerD.thoughtheydon’teatthem
Itallstartswithatree.Infactitstartswithseveraltrees.SincethefirstmodernguitarsweremadeinnorthernSpainover150yearsagocraftspersonshaveknownthewoodtobeusedisimportantinmakingaguitar.Everyguitarismadeofseveraldifferentkindsofwood.Eachpieceiscarefullychosenandthencuttofitthepartoftheguitarforwhichitisdesigned.Themostimportantpartofaguitaristhesoundboard--thepieceofwoodwithalargeholethatliesunderthestrings弦线.Guitarmakersarecarefultomakethesoundboardjusttherightshapeandthickness.Thentheyfixstripes长条ofwoodacrosstheinsideinaspecialpatternwhichhelpsstrengthenthesoundboardandimprovesthetoneoftheguitar.Woodforthecurvy弯曲的sidesoftheguitarmustbesoaked浸湿inwaterandbentoverahotironpipe.Whenallthepiecesoftheguitararereadytheyarecarefullystucktogetherwithglue胶水.Specialwoodworkingtoolsareusedtoshapeandsmooththeneckoftheguitar.ThecraftspersonmustmakesurethattheneckisperfectlycenteredoverthesoundboarD.Thenitistimetousevarnish亮光漆.Thisbringsoutthebeautyofthewood.Varnishalsoimprovesthesoundoftheguitarbuttoomuchvarnishmakestheguitarsoundflatanddull.Finallyguitarstringsareattachedandtightenedtomakejusttherightmusicaltones.Thenit’stimetoplayasong.67.Thebesttitleforthispassagemaybe.A.HowtoMakeaGuitarB.WhataGuitarIsMadeofC.HowtoPlaytheGuitarD.WheretoFindtheBestGuitar68.Inordertomakethesoundboardstrong.A.peopletiestringstothetopofitB.stripesarestuckacrosstheinsideofwoodC.alargeholeismadeinitD.severalpiecesofwoodaregluedtogether69.Whichofthefollowingdoesn’taffectthesoundofaguitar?A.soundboardB.stringsC.neckD.color70.Whatwillhappentotheguitariftoomuchvarnishisusedtothewood?A.Thebeautyofthewoodcan’tbeseenclearly.B.Thesoundoftheguitarwillbeflatanddull.C.ThetoneoftheguitarwillbeimproveD.D.A.guitarwillbecomethin.
Tipping给小费isalwaysadifficultbusiness.Youdonotwanttogivetoomuchortoolittleortipthewrongperson.InBritainandAmericapeopleusuallytipwaitersinrestaurantsporterstaxidriversandhairdressers.Theydonottippeopleinofficescinemasgaragesorairports.Doyouinviteyourfriendtotherestaurant?Thenyoupaythebill.Doesyourfriendinviteyou?Yourfriendpays.Iftherearemenandwomeninthepartythemenusuallypay.Thesedaysmenandwomenareequalinmanyways.IfyouworkinBritainorAmericayourbosscouldbeamanorawoman.ThereareincreasingnumbersofwomeninimportantpositionsinpoliticslawmedicineandinthebusinessworlD.Butitisstillpoliteformentoopendoorsforwomenandtoaskthemtogofirst.Anditispoliteformentostandupwhentheyareintroducedtowomen.5.Inthispassagethewritertellsus________.A.nottogiveanytiptoothersB.onlytogivetiptowomenC.onlytogivetipinrestaurantsD.togivetiptotherightperson6.Ifyouhavehadamealwithyourfriendinarestaurant________.A.youshouldpaythebillB.yourfriendshouldpaythebillC.thepersonwhoinvitestheotherpersonshouldpaythebillD.youshouldaskyourfriendtopaythebill7.TodayinBritainandAmerica_______.A.womenarequiteequaltomenB.menholdalltheimportantpositionsinpoliticsC.womenholdalltheimportantpositionsinbusinessD.womenhavechangedtheirconditionsinmanyways8.Itisimpoliteforamanto________.A.openadoorforawomanandtogofirsthimselfB.standbesideawomanC.letawomangofirstD.standupwhenheisintroducedtoawoman
Humansaresocialanimals.TheyliveingroupsallovertheworlD.Asthesegroupsofpeopleliveapartformothergroupsovertheyearsandcenturiestheydeveloptheirownhabitsandideaswhichfromdifferentcultures.OneimportantparticularsideofeverycultureishowitspeopledealwithtimE.Timeisnotveryimportantinnonindustrialsocieties.TheNuerpeopleofEastAfricaforexampledonotevenhaveawordTIMEthatisinagreementwiththeabstractthingwecalltimE.Thedailylivesofthepeopleofsuchnonindustrialsocietiesarelikelytobepatternedaroundtheirphysicalneedsandnaturaleventsratherthanaroundatimeschedule时间表basedontheclock.Theycookandeatwhentheyarehungryandsleepwhenthesungoesdown.TheyplantcropsduringthegrowingseasonsandharvestthemwhenthecropsareripE.Theymeasuretimenotbyaclockorcalendar日历butbysayingthataneventtakesplacebeforeoraftersomeotherevent.Frequentlysuchasocietymeasuresdaysintermsofsleepsorlongerperiodsintermsofmoons.SomeculturessuchastheEskimosofGreenlandmeasureseasonsaccordingtothemigration迁徙ofcertainanimals.Somecultureswhichdonothaveawrittenlanguageorkeepwrittenrecordshavedevelopedinterestingwaysoftellingtime.ForexamplewhenseveralAustralianaborigines土著居民wanttoplananeventforafuturetimeoneofthemplacesastoneonaclifforinatreE.Eachdaytheangleofthesunchangesslightly.Inafewdaystheraysofthesunstrikethestoneinacertainway.Whenthishappensthepeopleseethattheagreed-upontimehasarrivedandtheeventcantakeplacE.Incontrast成对比exactlycorrectmeasurementoftimeisveryimportantinmodernindustrializedsocieties.Thisisbecauseindustrializedsocietiesrequirethehelpfuleffortsofmanypeopleinordertowork.ForafactorytoworkefficientlywellquicklyandwithoutwasteforexamplealloftheworkersmustworkatthesametimE.Thereforetheymustknowwhattimetostartworkinthemorningandwhattimetheymaygohomeintheafternoon.Passengersmustknowtheexacttimethatanairplanewillarriveordepart.Studentsandteachersneedtoknowwhenaclassstartsandends.Storesmustopenontimeinordertoservetheircustomers.Complicated复杂的societiesneedclocksandcalendars.Thuswecanseethatifeachpersonworkedaccordingtohisorherownscheduleacomplicatedsocietycouldhardlyworkatall.7.BysayingHumansaresocialanimalstheauthormeans________.A.theyliveallovertheworldB.theyaredifferentfromotheranimalsC.theyliveinoneplacedistrictorcountryconsideredasawholeD.theyaredividedintomanygroups8.Timeisnotveryimportantinnon-industrialsocietiesbecausepeopleinthosesocieties________.A.don'thavethewordTIMEintheirlanguagesB.don'tgetusedtousingclocksandothertimepiecesC.don'tmeasuretimeintheirdailylivesaroundanexacttimescheduleD.don'tneedtoplantheirdailylivesaroundanexacttimeschedule9.TheAustralianaborigines'wayoftellingtimeisbasedon________.A.thechangeofthesunraysB.themovementoftheearthinrelationtothesunC.thepositionofthestoneD.thepositionofthetreeorthecliff10.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TimeandCultureB.TheMeasurmentofTimeC.TimeScheduleandDailyLifeD.ClockCalendarandSociety
Theseaisthecommonpossessionofallnations.Itbelongsequallytoall.Noonecantakeitentirelytothemselves;norisit'foreign'toanyonE.ThiswasthedecisionofJohnMarshallchiefjusticeoftheUnitedStatesfrom1801to1835.Itwasmadeknownasabasicruleoftheseathatnooneandthereforeeveryoneownstheocean.Thismeansthatoutsideterritorialwatersthewaterswithinthreemilesofacountry'scoastthelawiswhatevernationsagreeoninpeacetimeandwhateverthestrongestnavypowerscanenforceinwartimE.AftertheUnitedStatesboughtAlaskaAmericansbegantoseizeCanadianswhowerehuntingsealsoutsideAlaskaterritorialwaters.TheAmericanssaidthatthesealswereAmericanpossessionbecausetheyoftencameintotheAlaskanshoresownedbytheUnitedStates.Internationaljudgesdisagreedwiththisreasoning.Insomecaseshoweverthespecialrightsofanationthatmakesgooduseofanopen-seaareaarerecognizeD.Allofthesea'srulesaresetupbyinternationalconferencesandagreements.5.Thebasicruleoftheseameansthat_________.A.anypowerfulnationmaycontroltheseaB.anyareaoftheseabelongstothenationclosesttoitC.noonehaswholerightstotheopenseaD.nonationhasanysearights6.Internationaljudgesdecidedthat_________.A.CanadahadnosealingrightsoffAlaskaB.theCanadianscouldhuntthesealsC.theUnitedStatescouldownthesealsD.theAmericanscouldnothunttheseals7.Nationsmayobtainspecialrightsonopenwatersby_________.A.overrunningthosewatersB.guardingthewatersC.usingthewatersregularlyD.spreadingouttheirterritorialwaters8.Themainideaofthispassageisthat_________.A.theruleoftheseawasmadeknownbyJohnMarshallB.somenationsareabletoacquirespecialopen-searightsC.everynationownsitsterritorialwatersD.thelawsoftheseashouldbesetupbyinternationalagreements
InWesterncountriespeoplehavebeenusingtheinstallmentplansincethefirsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.TodayalargenumberoffamiliesinGreatBritainbuyfurniturehouseholdgoodsandcarsbyinstallments.IntheU.S.thefigureismuchhigherthaninGreatBritainandpeopletherespendover10percentoftheirincomeontheinstallmentplan.Thepriceofanarticleboughtoninstallmentsisalwayshigherthanthepricethatwouldbepaidbycash.Thereisachargeforinterest.Thebuyerpaysonequarteroronethirdofthepriceasadownpaymentwhenthegoodsaredeliveredtohim.Hethenmakesregularpaymentsweeklyormonthlyuntilthefullpriceispaidup.ThelegalownershipofthegoodsremainswiththeselleruntilthefinalpaymenthasbeenmadE.Installmentbuyinghasadvantagesanddisadvantages.Itcanhelpcoupleswithsmallincomestofurnishtheirhomesandstarthousekeeping.Itincreasesthedemandforgoodsandinthiswayhelpsbusinessandemployment.ThereishoweverthedangerthatwhenbusinessisbadinstallmentbuyingmayendsuddenlymakingbusinessmuchworsE.Thismayresultinagreatincreaseinunemployment.Ifthepeopleontheinstallmentplanlosetheirjobstheywillprobablynotbeabletomaketheirpayments.Ifgreatnumbersofpeoplearenotabletopaytheirinstallmentdebtsthereisapossibilitythatbusinessmencannotcollecttheirdebtsandwillthereforelosemoney.Ifbusinessmenlosemoneyorfailtomakeasatisfactoryprofititbecomesmorelikelytohaveadepression.Thisiswhyinsomecountriesthegovernmentcontrolstheinstallmentplanbyfixingtheamountofthedownpaymentandinstallmentstodiscouragepeoplefrombuyingmorethantheycanpayforontheinstallmentplan.41.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheinstallmentplan?A.A.lotofBritishfamiliesusetheinstallmentplan.B.Morethan10percentAmericanfamiliesbuythingsoninstallments.C.AmericansdependmoreoninstallmentthanBritishpeopledo.D.Americansspendonetenthoftheirincomeoninstallmentbuying.42.Goodsboughtoninstallmentsaremoreexpensivethangoodsboughtbycashbecause________.A.thebuyerhastopayextramoneyasinterestB.thedeliveryofthegoodschargesextramoneyC.thebuyerhastopayadownpaymentD.theserviceofferedbyinstallmentplanchargedextramoney43.Whatwillhappentoabuyerifhefailstomakethefullpaymentforanitemboughtoninstallments?A.HemightlosehisjoB.B.Hewillstopowningtheitemhehasbought.C.Hewillhavetosellwhathehasbought.D.Hewillgointodebt.44.TheadvantageofinstallmentbuyingmightincludeallthefollowingEXCEPTthat________.A.purchasingpowerisstrengthenedB.employmentmightbeincreasedC.peopledevelopagoodhabitofsavingmoneyD.youngcouplesareabletofurnishtheirhomes45.Insomecountriesthegovernmentscontroltheinstallmentplanto________.A.increaseemploymentB.avoiddepressionsC.ensurethatbusinessesmakegoodprofitsD.ensurethatpeoplecanpayforwhattheybuy
Advertisinghasbecomeaveryspecializedactivityinmoderntimes.InthebusinessworldoftodaysupplyisusuallygreaterthandemanD.Thereisgreatcompetitionbetweendifferentmanufacturersofthesamekindofproducttopersuadecustomerstobuytheirparticularbrands.Theyalwayshavetoremindthecustomersofthenamesandthequalitiesoftheirproducts.Theydothisbyadvertising.Themanufactureradvertisesinnewspapersandonposters.Hesometimespaysforsongsabouthisproductonradioprograms.Heemploysattractivesalesgirlstodeliversamples样品ofit.Heorganizescompetitionswithprizesforthewinners.Heoftenadvertisesonthescreensoflocalcinemasandmostimportantofallincountriesthathavetelevisionhehasadvertisementsputintoprograms.Manufacturersoftenspendlargesumsofmoneyonadvertisements.Webuyaparticularproductbecausewethinkthatitisthebest.Weusuallythinksobecauseoftheadvertisements.Somepeopleneverstoptoaskthemselvesiftheadvertisementsaretellingthetruth.4.Thewordmanufacturersinthepassagemeans_______.A.producersB.advertisersC.customersD.salesmen5.Howmanykindsofadvertisementsarementionedinthepassage?A.4.B.5.C.6.D.7.6.Accordingtothepassagewhenthecustomerbuysaparticularbrandheusuallythinksthat_______.A.hecangetaprizeB.theadvertisementssayit'sthecheapestC.it'sthebestD.heshouldbuythesamebrandastheothersdo7.AccordingtothepassagewhichisNOTtrue?A.Noonehasanydoubtaboutwhatadvertisementstellhim.B.Manufacturerstrydifferentwaystoadvertisetheirproducts.C.Someadvertisementsfailedtotellthetruth.D.Manufacturersoftenspendlargesumsofmoneyonadvertisements.
AboutthreehundredwordsintheEnglishlanguagecomefromthenamesofpeoplE.Manyofthesewordsaretechnicalwords.Whenthereisanewinventionofdiscoveryanewwordmaybecoined杜撰aftertheinventororscientist.ItisinterestingtoobservehowmanycommonwordshavefoundtheirwayintothelanguagefromthenamesofpeoplE.LordSandwichwholivedfrom1718-1792usedtositatthegambling赌博tableeatingbreadwithmeatinbetween.AstheLordwastheonlyoneamonghisfriendswhoatebreadinthatwayhisfriendsbegantocallthebreadsandwichforfun.LateronthewordbecamepartoftheEnglishlanguagE.Thewordboycottmeanstorefusetohaveanythingtodowithsomebodyorsomething.ItcomesfromamancalledCaptainBoycott.Hewasalandagentin1880andhecollectedrentsandtaxesforanEnglishlandownerinIrelanD.ButtheCaptainwasaveryharsh苛刻的man.Hetreatedhispoortenants佃户verybadly.Histenantsdecidednottospeaktohimatall.EventuallywordgotbacktothelandownerandtheCaptainwasremoved免除.ThewordboycottbecamepopularandwasusedbyeveryonetomeanthekindoftreatmentthatwasreceivedbyCaptainBoycott.48.A.fewhundred___________comefromthenamesofpeoplE.A.newinventionsB.languagesC.EnglishwordsD.newdiscoveries49.Sandwichisawordcoined杜撰by____________.A.LordSandwichB.thefriendsofLordSandwichC.inventorsD.scientists50.Thetenantsdidnotlike___________.A.tocollectrentsandtaxesB.theEnglishlandownerC.theharshlandagentD.tospeak
GenevaissituatedbetweentheJuraRangeandtheAlpsonthewesternendofLakeGenevA.CapitalofPeaceisoneofitsnames—theEuropeanheadquartersoftheUnitedNationslieshereinPalaisdesNations.Anotherworthynameforthiscitywithahumanitariantradition人道主义传统andinternationalcharacteristheWorld’sSmallestMetropolis.Parkssplendidstoresandlivelystreetsintheoldpartoftownandits2000—yearhistorywaittobediscovereD.TheJetd’EautogetherwiththeFlowerWatcharethemainattractionseveryyearforthetouristsvisitingGenevA.TheJetd’Eauhasbecomethesymbol象征ofGenevaforalongtimE.Thisisa140metershighwatermonumentwitharichhistory.Eight13500—wattprojectorslightthegrandcolumn圆柱ofthefountainintheeveningfromearlyMarchuntilthesecondSundayofOctober.TheFlowerWatchwhichwascreatedattheedgeoftheEnglishGardenin1955remindsusaboutthatGenevaisthebirthplaceoftheSwissclockandwatchmakingandthatthisindustryhasbecomeinternationallyfamousaswellthroughthequalityofthewatchesasthroughtheirbeautifulappearancE.SailsonLakeGenevaarealsoenjoyablE.TheLakeofGenevalyingamongtheAlpsisatrueinlandseamakingpossibleawiderangeofpleasantboattripsyoucanrelaxandwatchthebeautifulscenespassby.56.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsuitablefordescribingGeneva?A.CapitalofPeacE.B.PalaisdesNations.C.TheWorld’sSmallestMetropolis.D.ThebirthplaceoftheSwissclockandwatchmaking.57.TheJetd’Eauinthesecondparagraphrefersto.A.thewaterfountainB.theEnglishGardenC.anewscenewithelectriclightingD.thenameofafamouswatchmaker58.WhatdowelearnabouttheLakeofGenevafromthetext?A.ItisthesymbolofGenevA.B.ItliesamongtheJuraRangE.C.Ithasadirectpassagetotheocean.D.Itisalargebodyofwateroftouristinterest.
YoumayknowyourmotherbuthowwelldoyoureallyknowMother’sDay?CardsflowerssalesTVspecialsandadayoffforsomeonewhoreallydeservesit----thosearewhatprobablycometomindformanypeoplewhentheythinkofMother’sDay.Butthere’smoretothestory.TheearliestMother’sDaycelebrationswereheldduringspringinancientGreecE.ThecelebrationshonoredRheatheMotherofthegods.Duringthe1600’sEnglandcelebratedadaycalledMotheringSunday.Onthisdayevenservantsweregiventhedayofftospendwiththeirfamilies.A.motheringcakewasevenservedwiththefamilymeal.IntheUSMother’sDaybeganin1872whenJuliaWardHowewhowrotethewordstothefamoussongTheBattleHymnoftheRepublicsuggesteditasadaydevotedtopeacE.Butitdidn’treallybecomepopularuntil1907whenAnnaJarvisstaredacampaigntohonormothers.ShebelievedthatmotherscouldhelppeoplegetoverthepaintheyexperiencedduringtheCivilWar.TheUSisn’taloneindevotingadaytomothers.ManyothercountriesincludingDenmarkFinlandItalyTurkeyAustraliaJapanandBelgiumalsohonortheirmothersinMay.Othercountrieshonortheirmothersatdifferenttimesoftheyear.LearningmoreaboutMother’sDayandcelebratingMother’sDayareimportantbutprobablynotasimportantasunderstandingwhatyourownmotherorgrandmotheroraunthasreallydoneforyou.Andthatwillcertainlybeappreciatedmorethanonedayinayear.63.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThereasonwhypeoplecelebrateMother’sDay.B.Thewayspeoplehonormothers.C.ThehistoryofMother’sDay.D.Thegreatcontributionofmothers.64.WherewastheearliestMother’sDaycelebrated?A.InancientGreecE.B.IntheUS.C.InEnglanD.D.InItaly.65.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_____.A.RheaisthemotherofakinginancientGreeceB.notallthecountriescelebrateMother’sDayinMayC.onlymothersweregivenadayoffonMotheringSundayD.itwasin1872thatMother’sDayreallycameintobeing66.Thelastparagraphtellsusthat_____.A.allthepeopleshouldcelebrateMother’sDayB.onlymothersarehonoredonMother’sDayC.understandingmothers’workismoreimportantthanjustcelebratingMother’sDayD.peopleshouldcelebrateMother’sDayeveryday
Everyday340millionpeoplespeakit.Onebillionpeoplearelearningitanditissaidthatby2050halfoftheworld’spopulationwillbeusingit.Whatarewetalkingabout?Thatisthegloballanguage—English.TheEnglishlanguagestartedinBritaininthe5thcentury.ItisamixedlanguagE.ItwasbuiltupwhenGerman.ScandinavianandFrenchinvaderssettledinEnglandandcreatedacommonlanguageforcommunication.TodayitistheofficiallanguageoftheUKtheUSAAustraliaNewZealandCanadaSouthAfricaandIrelandaswellasmanyislandsintheCaribbean.ManyothercountriesandregionsuseitforpoliticsandbusinessforexampleIndiA.PakistanNigeriaandthePhilippines.EnglishisalsooneoftheofficiallanguagesofHongKong.ButglobaladvertisingandpopmusicmeanthatinmostcountriesyouwillseeorhearsomeEnglish.ThankstoMcDonaldsweallknowaboutburgers.friesandmilkshakes.SongsbyMadonnaBritneySpearsandCelineDionareinEnglish.Wecansingalongevenifwedonotunderstandwhatwearesinging!Englishisamessy杂乱的languagE.Everyyeardictionariesincludenewwordsthattalkaboutpopularcultureforexamplecomputer-relatedwordssuchasbloggingdownloadandchartroom.AlsoincludedarewordsthatteenagersusE.WhodoesnotknowcoolOKandhello?OtherlanguagesalsoinfluenceEnglish.ManyEnglishwordscomefromFrench.Wordslikecaféandexpressionslikec'estlaviethatislifeareallpartoftheEnglishlanguagE.OntheotherhandtheFrenchlanguageincludesEnglishwordslikeleweekendandlecamping.GermanwordsarealsopartofEnglish.WordslikekindergartencomefromtheGermanlanguagE.RecentlyBritishpeoplehavebecomeinterestedinyoga.ButthewordcomesfromanancientHindulanguageinIndiA.36.TheEnglishlanguagehasahistoryof______.A.over2000yearsB.over500yearsC.over1500yearsD.over1000years37.Theunderlinedexpressionthankstocanbereplacedby______.A.becauseofB.inordertoC.asusualD.asif.38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthelanguageofEnglish?A.IthasbeenchangingallthetimE.B.Ithasborrowedwordsfromalltheotherlanguages.C.FrenchwordsareusedbytheEnglishbecausedictionarieshaveFrenchwords.D.SingersandfilmstarshavethegreatestinfluenceonlanguagE.39.HowmanypeopleintheworldareusingEnglishnow?A.OnebillionpeopleB.340millionC.almostallthepeopleintheworlD.D.notmentionedabovebutthenumberisgrowingrapidly.40.Manycountriesandregionsuseitforpoliticsandbusinessexcept______.A.theUSAB.NigeriaC.thePhilippinesD.Norway
About4500differentcharactershavebeencountedand1700ofthemunderstooD.Theyshowthebasicideasofcharacterconstructionsentencestructureandgrammar.AnyangisthesiteofformercapitalcityofthelateShangDynasty商朝.Itwasthefirstdynastytoleavewrittenhistoricalrecordscontaininginformationonpoliticstheeconomyculturegeographyastronomy天文学artandmedicinE.ChinesecharacterswhichdevelopedfromtheinscriptionsatAnyangarestillinusetoday.Theimportanceofthesecharacterswasfirstrecognizedin1899byWangYironganofficialintheQingDynasty.Wangfellillandsoadoctorsuppliedlonggudragonbonestomakehimbetter.Thebonesturnedouttobepiecesoftortoiseshell龟壳eachcarryingstrangecarvedpatterns.Wangwhoknewalotaboutcalligraphy书法studiedthewhitepiecesofbonE.HefinallyputthemtogethertoformonebigtortoiseshellonwhichwasseveralShangDynastycharacters.56.WhatcontentsdidChinesecharacterscontain?A.Characterconstructionsentencestructureandgrammar.B.Characterconstructiontortoiseshellandcalligraphy.C.Politicstheeconomycultureandgeography.D.AstronomyartmedicineandsentencestructurE.57.WhendidChinesecharactersbegintogrowgradually?A.FromQingDynasty.B.FromHanDynasty.C.FromShangDynasty.D.FromXiaDynasty.58.ThedoctorprovideddragonbonestomakeWangYirongbetterand________.A.itshowsthatthedoctorhashighmedicalskillstocureWangYirong'sillnessB.WangYirongrecognizedShangDynastycharactersC.itshowsthatWangYirong'scalligraphywasmadeofthewhitepiecesofboneD.itshowsthatdragonbonescanbeusedtocureallkindsofdiseases59.Itcanbeinferredthat________.A.thedoctor'sskillhasbeenpasseddownsinceShangDynastyB.ShangDynastythefirstdynastydoesn'tleavehistoricalrecordsC.WangYironginscribedseveralShangDynastycharactersD.Chineseancientcharactershavebeenprotected
Somepeoplehavecomplainedaboutthisyear'scollectionNewWriting3althoughIcannotunderstandwhy.Surely500pagesoforiginalwritingofthisqualityfor￡6.99isprettyamazing?Fiction-bothpartsofnovelsandcompleteshortstories-makesupmostofthebook.TherearesomeenjoyablepiecesbyfamouswriterssuchasCandiaMcWilliamandRoseTremain.It'sastrangefactthatthelesswell-knownpeopleseemtohavewrittenmainlyaboutfooD.TakemyadviceaboutJaneHarris'sThoseNails-thispieceshoulddefinitelynotbereadjustaftermeals.Itcontainssomeveryunpleasantsceneswhichcouldturnyourstomach!ThereisfineworkfromnineteenpoetsincludingR.S.ThomasandJohnBurnsidE.Therearepiecesfromnovels-in-progressbyJimCraceandJaneRogers.Finallythereisalittlenon-fictionwhichincludesaveryfunnyarticlebyAlanUrsulaOwen.ThisisanexceptionalcollectionandIforonecan'twaittoseewhatnextyear'schoicewillincludE.72.Thewriterofthispassageistryingtogive________.A.herhisopinionsaboutanewbookB.someinformationaboutnewwritersC.someadvicetonewwritersD.herhisopinionsofnewspaperjournalists73.Thereaderswill________afterreadingthetext.A.findoutmoredetailsaboutNewWriting3B.learnwhatnextyear'scollectionwillcontainC.findoutsomethingaboutAlanUrsulaOwen'snewnovelD.havenoideahowtoreadagoodbook74.Thewritersuggestedthatyoumightfeel________afterreadingJaneHarris'spiecE.A.hungryB.excitedC.happyD.sick75.WhichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesNewWriting3?A.Greatvalue:twonovelspoemsandarticlesforonly￡6.99B.Greatvalue:thebestofnewwritingforonly￡6.99C.Greatvalue:poemsbyTremainHarrisandBurnsideforonly￡6.99D.Greatvalue:newspapersforawholeyearwithonlytwonovelspoemsandarticlesforonly￡6.99
Awellmadefilmoffersawholeworldofthingstowatch.Firsttherearethestoryaspects—theplotcharactersdialogueandthemes.Thentherearethetechnicalaspects—thecameraworkcuttingsandspecialeffects.Andtherearemanyotherthingslikethecreditsmusicalscoreandtheacting.A.wellmadefilmoffersmuchmorethanyouseeinoneviewing.Filmsareameansofcommunication.Theycantellyouthingsjustasnewspapersdoortelevisionoranyothermeansofcommunication.SometimestheycommunicateimportantthingstoyoulikeideasorlifestylesorwaysoflookingattheworlD.Sometimespeopleareawareofthisandsometimesnot.ThemoreyouareawareofthisthebetteryouarE.Noticeforexamplethewayfilmssometimesaffectfashion.A.stardressesorwearsherhairinacertainwayandsuddenlyeveryoneisimitatingher.Boysinthe1950scouldsometimesbeseenwearingblackleatherjacketsidling闲逛onstreetcornersandsmokingcigarettes.TheywereimitatingMarionBrando.HisfilmstaughtthemacertainwaytobehavE.Filmscanalsoteachpolitics.InStarWarstheheroeswereabunchoflovableincompetentsfightingwithguts胆量andnotmuchelsE.TheywereinfactratherliketheBritishintheearlydaysofWWⅡ.TheirenemiesliketheNazishadabigadvantageinequipmentandnumbersoftroopsandtheywereliketheNazisindisciplineandheartlessnesstoo.ThewholefilminfactwasarerunofWWⅡandtaughtvalueslikefaithandloveofliberty.Thisisalltothegoodbutthepointisdidyounoticeit?67.AllofthefollowingarementionedasnoticeableaspectsofafilmEXCEPT________.A.thelistofnamesofactorsanddirectorsetC.B.thecostofafilmC.themusicforafilmD.thelanguageusedinafilm68.ThelastsentenceinParagraph1probablymeans________.A.ahighqualityfilmcanbeappreciatedrepeatedlyfromdifferentanglesB.agoodfilmalwaysattractsalotofviewersC.awellmadefilmusuallyhasmorethanonethemeD.onecanneverfindouthowmanycharactersthereareinagoodfilm69.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinhisfilmMarionBrandowas________.A.amotoristwhoalwaysworeablackleatherjacketB.ahomelessmanwhodiedofexcessivesmokingC.arebelliousmanduringWWⅡD.anidlerwhodidn'thaveanyseriousthingstodo70.StarWarsisafilm________.A.aboutWWⅡB.forpoliticsC.reflectingWWⅡD.forpeacelovers
DuringtimesoftroubleFranklinDelanoRooseveltspokefromasmallroomwithoutafireplaceintheWhiteHousebasementtomillionsofAmericans.Inhiscalmandconversationalmannerhereassured使......恢复信心thenationinthedepthsoftheGreatDepression大萧条andthroughaWorldWar.SaulBellowdescribedhisownexperienceoflisteningtoPresidentRooseveltholdthenationtogetherusingonlyaradioandthepowerofhispersonality.IcanrecallwalkingeastwardontheChicagoMidway...drivershadpulledoverparkingbumper保险杠tobumperandturnedontheirradiostohearRoosevelt.Theyhadrolleddownthewindowsandopenedthecardoors.EverywherethesamevoiceitsoddEasternaccentwhichinanyoneelsewouldhaveangeredMidwesterners.Youcouldfollowwithoutmissingasinglewordasyouwalkedby.Youfeltyouhadjoinedtotheseunknowndriversmenandwomen...ThenationneededtheassuranceofthoseFiresideChatsthefirstofwhichwasdeliveredonMarch121933.BetweenaquarterandathirdoftheworkforcewasunemployeD.EverybankinAmericahadbeenclosedforatleasteightdays.It'shardforustoimaginE.ItwasthehardesttimeoftheGreatDepression.TheFiresidewassymbolic象征性的;mostofthechatscamefromasmallroomintheWhiteHousebasement.FrancesPerkinsRoosevelt'sSecretaryofLabordescribedthechangethatwouldcomeoverhimjustbeforethebroadcasts:Hisfacewouldsmileandlightupasthoughhewereactuallysittingonthefrontporch门廊orintheparlorwiththem.Peoplefeltthisandcametorespectandlovehim.InthatfirstradiovisitRooseveltbeganbyexplaininghowthebankingsystemworked:Whenyouputmoneyinabankthebankdoesnotplacethemoneyintoasafe-depositvault金库房.Itinvests投资yourmoneyinmanydifferentforms.Hewentontoannouncethatthebankswouldreopenthenextday.71.Themainpurposeofthearticleisto________.A.giveexamplesofthepowerofradiobroadcastingB.makepeopleexaminetheirattitudestowardmoneyC.suggestthatRooseveltwasAmerica'sgreatestpresidentD.showhowRooseveltreassuredAmericanduringhardtimes72.AccordingtothearticletheFiresideChatsraisedthehopesofAmericansbecausePresidentRoosevelt________.A.spoketotheminafriendlyandconfidenttoneB.explainedtothemhowtoinvesttheirmoneyC.wasopenabouthisownfearsforthecountryD.usedhumortodrawtheirattentionawayfromtheirproblems73.ThenameFiresideChatswasprobablyintendedto________.A.demandlistenerstoprotectresourcesB.encouragespiriteddiscussionamonglistenersC.requestpeopletodesireforhopeandreassuranceD.persuadeAmericanstotalkwiththeirfamilies74.SaulBellow'sdescriptionofhisownexperienceoflisteningtoPresidentRooseveltshows________.A.howpopularandencouragingRoosevelt'sFiresideChatswereB.howeasilyRoosevelt'sFiresideChatscouldbeunderstoodC.whatgreatinterestgeneralpublictookinnationalaffairsD.whatahardlifeAmericanshadinGreatDepression
Iftheworldwereavillageof1000peopleitwouldinclude:•584Asians•124Africans•95EasternandWesternEuropeans•84LatinAmericans•55formerSovietsincludingLithuaniansLatviansEstoniansandothernationalgroups•52NorthAmericans•6AustraliansandNewZealandersThepeopleofthevillagewouldspeak:•165Mandarin•86English•83Hindu/Urdu•64Spanish•58Russian•37ArabicTheabovelistcoversthemothertonguesofonlyhalfthevillagE.One-thirdofthepeopleinthevillagearechildrenandonly60areovertheageof65.Justunderhalfofthemarriedwomeninthevillagehaveaccesstomodemequipments.Thisyear28babieswillbebom.Tenpeoplewilldie3ofthemforlackoffood1fromcancer.Twoofthedeathswillbeofbabiesbomwithintheyear.Withthe28birthsand10deathsthepopulationofthevillagenextyearwillbe1018.Inthisvillageof1000persons200peoplereceive75percentoftheincome;another200receiveonly2percentoftheincomE.Aboutone-thirdhaveaccesstocleansafedrinkingwater.Ofthe670adultsinthevillagehalfcannotreadnorwritE.Thevillagehasatotalyearlybudget预算publicandprivateofover$3million—$3000perpersonifitisdistributedevenly.Ofthetotal$3million:$181000goestoweaponsandwarfare$159000toeducation$132000tohealthcareTheseweaponsareunderthecontrolofjust100ofthepeoplE.Theother900arewatchingthemwithdeepanxietywonderingwhethertheycanlearntogetalongtogether.60.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMandarinaccordingtothetext?A.Nearlyone-thirdofAsianpeoplespeakMandarininthevillagE.B.About8.25percentofthepeoplespeakMandarininthevillagE.C.About16.5percentofthepeoplespeakMandarininthevillagE.D.NearlyalltheMandarin-speakingpeoplearefromAsiainthevillagE.61.WhichofthefollowingproblemsisNOTmentionedinthetext?A.Poverty.B.Education.C.Environment.D.MarriagE.62.TheunderlinedparthaveaccesstoinParA.4means_____.A.useB.buyC.produceD.try63.Thelastsentenceinthetextimpliesthatmostofthepeoplelongfor_____A.apeacefulworldB.goodeducationC.betterhealthcareD.alifewithoutanxiety
Americaisamobilesociety.FriendshipsbetweenAmericanscanbecloseandrealyetdisappearsoonifsituationschangE.Neithersidefeelshurtbythis.BothmayswapChristmasgreetingsforayearortwoperhapsafewlettersforawhile—thennomorE.Ifthesametwopeoplemeetagainbychanceevenyearslatertheypickupthefriendship.ThiscanbequitedifficultforusChinesetounderstandbecausefriendshipsbetweenusdevelopmoreslowlybutthenmaybecomelifelongfeelingsextending延伸sometimesdeeplyintobothfamilies.AmericansarereadytoreceiveusforeignersattheirhomessharetheirholidaysandtheirhomelifE.Theywillenjoywelcomingusandbepleasedifweaccepttheirhospitality好客easily.AnotherdifficultpointforusChinesetounderstandAmericansisthatalthoughtheyincludeuswarmlyintheirpersonaleverydaylivestheydon’tshowtheirpolitenesstousifitrequiresagreatdealoftimE.Thisisnotusualinourcountrywherewemaybegenerouswithourtime.SometimesweashostswillappearatairportseveninthemiddleofthenighttomeetafrienD.Wemaytakedaysofftoactasguidestoourforeignfriends.TheAmericanshoweverexpresstheirwelcomeusuallyathomesbuttrulycannotmanagethetimetodoagreatdealwithavisitoroutsidetheirdailyroutine常规.Theywillprobablyexpectustogetourselvesfromtheairporttoourownhotelbybus.AndtheyexpectthatwewillphonethemfromtherE.Oncewearriveattheirhomesthewelcomewillbefullwarmandreal.Wewillfindourselvestreatedhospitably.FortheAmericansitisoftenconsideredmorefriendlytoinviteafriendtotheirhomesthantogotorestaurantsexceptforpurelybusinessmatters.Soaccepttheirhospitalityathome!46.Thewriterofthispassagemustbe______.A.anAmericanB.aChineseC.aprofessorD.astudent47.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallyextenddeeplyintotheirfamilies.B.FriendshipsbetweenAmericansusuallylastforalltheirlives.C.Americansalwaysshowtheirwarmtheveniftheyareverybusy.D.Americanswillcontinuetheirfriendshipsagainevenafteralongbreak.48.FromthelasttwoparagraphswecanlearnthatwhenwearriveinAmericatovisitanAmericanfriendwewillprobablybe______.A.warmlywelcomedattheairportB.offeredaridetohishomeC.treatedhospitablyathishomeD.treatedtodinnerinarestaurant49.TheunderlinedwordsgenerouswithourtimeinParagraph3probablymean______.A.strictwithtimeB.seriouswithtimeC.carefulwithtimeD.willingtospendtime50.A.suitabletitleforthispassagewouldprobablybe______.A.FriendshipsbetweenChineseB.FriendshipsbetweenAmericansC.Americans’hospitalityD.Americans’andChinese’sviewsoffriendship
InEnglandpeopleoftentalkabouttheweatherbecausetheycanexperience经历fourseasonsinoneday.Inthemorningtheweatheriswarmjustlikeinspring.AnhourlaterblackcloudscomeandthenitrainsharD.TheweathergetsalittlecolD.Inthelateafternoontheskywillbesunnythesunwillbegintoshineanditwillbesummeratthistimeofaday.InEnglandpeoplecanalsohavesummerinwinterorhavewinterinsummer.Soinwintertheycanswimsometimesandinsummersometimestheyshouldtakewarmclothes.WhenyougotoEnglandyouwillseethatsomeEnglishpeopleusuallytakeanumbrella伞oraraincoatwiththeminthesunnymorningbutyoushouldnotlaughatthem.Ifyoudon'ttakeanumbrellaoraraincoatyouwillregret后悔laterintheday.56.WhydopeopleinEnglandoftentalkabouttheweather?A.BecausetheymayhavefourseasonsinonedayB.BecausetheyoftenhaveverygoodweatherC.BecausetheweatheriswarmjustlikeinspringD.Becausetheskyissunnyallday57.Fromthestoryweknowthatwhen_________comethereisaheavyrain.A.sunshineandsnowB.blackcloudsC.summerandwinterD.springandautumn58.Peoplecanalsohavesummerinwinter.Meansitissometimestoo______inwinter.A.warmB.coolC.coldD.rainy59.InthesunnymorningsomeEnglishpeopleusuallytakearaincoatoranumbrellawiththembecause________.A.theirfriendsaskthemtodosoB.itoftenrainsinEnglandC.theyaregoingtosellthemD.theyaretheirfavouritethings60.Thebesttitle标题forthispassageis________.A.BadSeasonsB.SummerorWinterC.TheWeatherinEnglandD.StrangeEnglishPeople
TryingtoleaveworkattheofficeisprovingtobeachallengeformanyBritishworkerswithresearchshowingthatheavyworkloadsconflictsandbossesallmakeanappearanceindreams.Work-relatedissuesarethenumberonetopicfeaturingindreamswithcolleaguesinvadingshut.eyetimemorethancelebrities.Morethan20percentsurveyedadmittedthattheyregularlydreamabouttheirboss.Oneinthreedreamsaboutworkwhentheyarestressedintheirjobandaquarterstatedthattheydreamaboutacolleagueiftherewasaconflictwiththemearlierthatday.Ofthe2000peoplesurveyed20percentdreamedmoreiftheywereunderpressureorstressed.Theresearchfoundthattheaveragepersondreamsmostnightswithonly12percentsayingtheyneverdream.Howeverdreamsoftenleavepeopleconfusedwith52percentsayingtheydonotmakesenseand60percentwishingtheycouldknowwhattheymean.CommentingonthesurveycarriedoutbyOnePollforPremierInnhotelsdreamsexpertDavinaMacKailsaidWhetherweareasleeporawake.aproblemwithacolleagueorstressatworkcanreallyaffectus.Morethanhalfofthenationstatedthattheirdreamsdon’tmakesensesoIhaveworkedwithPremierInntomakeaDreamDictionarytohelpdreamerstounderstandwhytheydreamwhattheydoandwhatthosedreamsmean.AspokesmanforPremierInnsaidItisreallyimportanttotrytounwindafteraharddayatworkbutthatiseasiersaidthandoneifsomethingisplayingonyourmind.61.It’shardfortheworkerstoleaveworkbecausetheyoften.A.spendthenightintheirofficesB.sleepwithofficeissuesinmindC.haveverylongofficehoursD.havedreamsduringtheirwork62.WhatCanweinferabouttheBritishworkers?A.Mostoftheirdreamsarework-related.B.Someofthemdreamaboutworkeverynight.C.Theydreamoftheircolleaguesmorethantheirboss.D.Theirdreamsinvolveworkmorethananythingelse.63.Thesurveyshowsthatmostpeople.A.dreammoreunderpressureB.neverdreamatallC.don’tunderstandtheirdreamsD.interprettheirdreamswell64.DavinaMacKailexpectspeopletousehisDreamDictionarywhenthey.A.havehadadreamB.wanttopreventdreamsC.feelstressedandneedrelaxationD.doresearchaboutdreams65.AccordingtothespokesmanforPremierInnit’shardtorelaxifwe.A.dreamaboutworkwhileasleepB.keepthinkinghardC.havesoundsringinginthemindD.sleepinanoisyenvironment
IwasbroughtupintheBritishstiffupperlipstylE.Strongfeelingsaren’tsomethingyoudisplayinpubliC.SoyoucanimaginethatIwasunpreparedfortheoutpouringofpublicgrief悲伤ataChinesefuneral.Myeditorialteamleaderdiedrecentlyafterashortillness.Hewas31.Thenewswassounexpectedthatitleftusallshockedandupset.A.femalecolleagueburstintotearsandcriedpiteouslyatherdesk.Somehowwegotthroughtheday'swork.Thenextdaywasthefuneral.Ourbigbosssteppedforwardtodeliveraeulogyandwassoonintears.ShecarriedoninChineseofcoursebutattheendsaidinEnglish:Therewillbenomoredeadlinesforyouinheaven.Nextcamealong-termcolleaguewhoalsodissolvedintearsbutcarriedonwithherspeechdespitebeingalmostovercomebyemotion.Thenaclosefriendofthedeadmanpaidtribute哀悼weepingopenlyashespokE.Sorrowisspeading.Meandwomenwerenowsobbinguncontrollably.Finallytheman'smothersupportedbetweentwowomenaddressedhersoninhiscoffin.Atonepointthemotheralmostcollapsedandhadtobeheldup.Wewereinvitedtostepforwardtoeachlayawhiteroseonthecasket.Ourdeadcolleaguelookedasifhewastakinganap.AttheendoftheserviceIwalkedawayfromthefuneralparlorstunnedattheoutpouringofemotion.IntheUKfamiliesgrieveprivatelyandthentrytoholdittogetherandnotbreakdownatafuneral.HereinChinaitwouldseemthatgrievingisapublicaffair.ItstrikesmethatitismorecathartictocryyoureyesoutthantrytokeepitbottledupforfearofembarrassmentwhichiswhatmanyofusdointheWest.AfterwardsaChinesecolleaguetoldmethatthelamentingatthefuneralhadbeenrestrained克制byChinesestandards.Insomeruralareasshesaidpeopleusedtobepaidtomournnoisily.ThisstruckmelikesomethingoutofnovelbyCharlesDickens.ButwehaveallseenonTVscenesofgrief-strickenpeopleinGazaandtheWestBankinAfghanistanIraqandtherelativesofvictimsofterroristbombingsaroundtheworlD.Chinesegriefisnodifferent.Irealizedthatit'sthereservedBritishwayofmourningthatisoutofstepwiththerestoftheworlD.Itwasournewspaper'sproductionday.Wewerebussedbacktotheofficetoresumework.Nomoredeadlinesforourformercolleaguebutwehadtopulltogethertoputthenewspapertoprint.Thebossinvitedtheteamtogooutfordinnerafterwork.WerelaxedsmiledjokeD.TherewasnomentionofthefuneralorourpoorcolleaguE.Enoughsorrowhadbeenshedalready.Weneededabreak.41.Theunderlinedwordsstiffupperlipstylemean.A.cold-bloodedB.warm-heartedC.self-controlledD.light-hearted42.Atthefuneral.A.fiveindividualsmadespeechesB.theboss’sspeechwasbestthoughtofC.everyonewascryingoutloudlyD.thewriterwasastonishedbythescene43.AccordingtothewriterpeopleintheWest.A.arenotwillingtobesadforthedeadB.prefertocontroltheirsadnessinpublicC.crytheireyesoutatthepublicfuneralD.havebetterwaytoexpresssadness44.Itisimpliedthat.A.theEnglishmightcrynoisilyforthedeadinDickens’timeB.ChineseexpresstheirsadnessquiteunlikeotherpeoplesC.victimsofterroristbombingsshouldbegreatlyhonoredD.Englishfuneralcultureismorecivilizedthantheothers45.Thispassagetalksmainlyabout.A.aneditor’sdeathB.badfuneralcustomsC.westernwaysofgriefD.culturaldifferences
ItistruethatgoodwritersrewriteandrewriteandthenrewritesomemorE.ButinordertoworkupthedesiretorewriteitisimportanttolearntolikewhatyouwriteattheearlystagE.IamsurprisedatthenumberoffamouswritersIknowwhosaythattheysodislikereadingtheirownwritinglaterthattheyevenhatetolookoverthepublishers'opinions.Onereasonwemaydislikereadingourownworkisthatwe'reoftendisappointedthattherichideasinourmindsseemverythinandplainwhenfirstwrittendown.JerryFodorandStevenPinkersuggestthatthisfactmaybearesultofhowourmindswork.Differentfrompopularbeliefwedonotusuallythinkinthewordsandsentencesofordinarylanguagebutinsymbolsforideasknownas‘mentalese’andwritingourideasdownisanactoftranslationfromthatsymboliclanguagE.Butwhilementalesecontainsourthoughtsintheformofacomplextapestry织锦writingcanonlybecomposedonethreadatatimE.ThereforeitshouldnotbesurprisingthatourfirstattemptatexpressingideasshouldlooksosimplE.Itisonlybyrepeatedlyrewritingthatweproducenewthreadsandconnectthemtogetclosertotheideasformedinourminds.Whenpeoplewriteasifsomestrictcritics批评家arelookingovertheirshouldertheyaresoworriedaboutwhatthiscriticmightsaythattheygetstuckbeforetheyevenstart.PeterElbowmakesanexcellentsuggestiontodealwiththisproblem.Whenwritingweshouldhavetwodifferentminds.Atthefirststageweshouldseeeveryideaaswellasthewordsweusetoexpressitaswonderfulandworthputtingdown.Itisonlyduringrewritesthatweshouldexaminewhatweexcitedlywroteinthefirststageandcheckforweaknesses.68.Whatdowelearnfromthetextaboutthosefamouswriters?A.Theyoftenregretwritingpoorworks.B.Someofthemwritesurprisinglymuch.C.Manyofthemhatereadingtheirownworks.D.Theyarehappytoreviewthepublishers'opinions.69.Whatdopeoplegenerallybelieveaboutthewayhumanmindswork?A.Peoplethinkinwordsandsentences.B.Humanideasaretranslatedintosymbols.C.Peoplethinkbyconnectingthreadsofideas.D.Humanthoughtsareexpressedthroughpictures.70.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.Mostpeoplebelievewethinkinsymbols.B.LovingourownwritingisscientificallyreasonablE.C.Thewritersandcriticscanneverreachanagreement.D.Thinkingandwritingaredifferentstagesofmindatwork.
Self-employedprivatephysicianswhochargeafeeforeachpatientvisitarethefoundationofmedicalpracticeintheUnitedStates.Mostphysicianshaveacontractrelationshipwithoneormorehospitalsinthecommunity.Theysendtheirpatientstothishospitalwhichusuallychargespatientsaccordingtothenumberofdaystheystayandthefacilitiesoperatingroomtestsmedicinesthattheyuse.Somehospitalsbelongtoacityastateorinthecaseofveteran'shospitalsafederalgovernmentagency.Othersareoperatedbyreligiousorders教会orothernon-profitgroups.Somemedicaldoctorsareonsalary.Salariedphysiciansmayworkashospitalstaffmembersorresidentswhoareoftenstillintraining.Theymayteachinmedicalschoolsbehiredbycorporationstocarefortheirworkersorworkforthefederalgovernment'sPublicHealthServicE.PhysiciansareamongthebestpaidprofessionalsintheUnitedStates.Inthe1980sitwasnotuncommonformedicaldoctorstoearnincomesofmorethan$100000ayear.Specialistsparticularlysurgeonsmightearnseveraltimesthatamount.Physicianslistmanyreasonswhytheydeservetobesowellrewardedfortheirwork.OnereasonisthelongandexpensivepreparationrequiredtobecomeaphysicianintheUnitedStates.Mostwouldbephysiciansfirstattendcollegeforfouryearswhichcancostnearly$20000ayearatoneofthebestprivateinstitutions.Prospectivephysiciansthenattendmedicalschoolforfouryears.Tuitionalonecanexceed$10000ayear.Bythetimetheyhaveobtainedtheirmedicaldegreesmanyyoungphysiciansaredeeplyindebt.Theystillfacethreetofiveyearsofresidency实习阶段inahospitalthefirstyearasanapprenticephysician.Thehoursarelongandthepayisrelativelylow.Settingupamedicalpracticeisexpensivetoo.Sometimesseveralphysicianswilldecidetoestablishagrouppracticesotheycansharetheexpenseofmaintaininganofficeandbuyingequipment.Thesephysiciansalsotakecareofeachother'spatientsinemergencies.Physiciansworklonghoursandmustacceptagreatdealofresponsibility.Manymedicalproceduresevenquiteroutineonesinvolverisk.Itisunderstandablethatphysicianswanttobewellrewardedformakingdecisionswhichcanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.1.AccordingtothepassageitisveryunlikelythatanAmericanhospitalisownedby_______.A.achurchB.acorporationC.acityD.astate2.Theexpensesforbecomingadoctorarespenton_______.A.schoolingandretrainingB.practiceinahospitalC.facilitiesheorsheusesD.educationheorshereceives3.Accordingtothepassagehowlongdoesittakeforawould-bephysiciantobecomeanindependentphysicianintheUSA?A.Aboutsevenyears.B.Eightyears.C.Tenyears.D.Abouttwelveyears.4.Sometimesseveralphysicianssetupagroupmedicalpracticemainlybecause_______.A.therearesomanypatientsthatitisdifficultforonephysiciantotakecareallofthemB.theycantaketurnstoworklonghoursC.facilitiesmaybetoomuchofaburdenforonephysiciantoshoulderD.noonewantstoassumetoomuchresponsibility5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscouldfullyexpresstheauthor'sviewtowardsphysicians’paymentintheUSA?A.Fortheirexpensiveeducationandtheirresponsibilitytheydeserveahandsomepay.B.Itisreasonableforphysicianstohavealargeincomebecausetheirworkisverydangerous.C.Physiciansshouldbebetterpaidbecausetheyworklonghoursunderbadconditions.D.PhysicianshavegreatresponsibilitysoitisunderstandablethattheyshouldbewellrewardeD.
Anewperiodiscoming.Callitwhatyouwill:theserviceindustrytheinformationagetheknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoagreatchangeinthewaywework.Alreadywe'repartlytherethepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthingshasfallensharplyintheWesternWorlD.TodaythemajorityofjobsinAmericaEuropeandJapantwo-thirdsormoreareinmanyofthesecountriesareintheserviceindustryandthenumberisontherisE.MorewomenareintheworkforcethaneverbeforE.Therearemorepart-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employeD.Butthebreathofthegreatchangecan'tbemeasuredbynumbersalonebecauseitalsoisgivingrisetoanewwayofthinkingaboutthenatureofworkitself.Long-heldopinionsaboutjobsandcareerstheskillsneededtosucceedeventherelationbetweenworkersandemployers-allthesearebeingdoubteD.WehaveonlytolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylieaheaD.Noonelookingahead20yearspossiblycouldhaveseenthewaysinwhichasingleinventionthechip芯片wouldchangeourworldthankstoitsusesinpersonalcomputersandfactoryequipment.Tomorrow'sachievementsinbiotechnology生物技术orevensomestillunimaginedtechnologycouldproduceasimilarwaveofgreatchanges.Butonethingiscertain:informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmoreimportantandthepeoplewhoownitwhethertheyworkinfactoryserviceswillhavetheadvantageandproducethewealth.ComputerknowledgewillbecomeasbasicarequirementastheabilitytoreadandwritE.TheabilitytodealwithproblemsbymakinguseofinformationinsteadofperformingregulartaskswillbevaluedaboveallelsE.Ifyoulookahead10yearsinformationservicewillbeleadingtheway.ItwillbethewayyoudoyourjoB.60.Inthenewperiod________.A.theserviceindustryisdependingmoreandmoreonwomenworkersB.heavyindustriesarerapidlyincreasingC.peoplefinditharderandhardertoearnalivingbyworkinginfactoriesD.mostofthejobchancescanbefoundintheserviceindustry61.Knowledgesocietybringsaboutagreatchangesothat________.A.thedifferencebetweentheworkersandemployershasbecomesmallerB.people'soldideasaboutworknolongerexistC.mostpeoplehavetotakeparttimejobsD.peoplehavetochangetheirjobsfromtimetotime62.Whatdoestheauthormeanbyreferringtocomputersandotherinventions?A.Peopleshouldbeabletoactquicklytotheadvancementoftechnology.B.Futureachievementsintechnologywillnotbringaboutgreatchanges.C.Theimportanceofhightechnologyhasbeenpaidnoattentionto.D.Computersciencewillplayaleadingroleinthefutureinformationservices.63.Thefuturewillprobablybelongtothosewho________accordingtothepassagE.A.ownandknowhowtomakeuseofinformationB.canreadandwritewellC.devotethemselvestoheavyindustriesD.workhard
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