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Wanttoloseweight?Tryeating.That’soneofthewaysbeingdevelopedbyscientistsexperimentingwithfoodsthattrickthebodyintofeelingfull.AtheInstituteofFoodResearchinNorwichEnglandfoodexpertPeterWildeandhiscolleaguesaredevelopingfoodsthatslowdownthedigestivesystemwhichthensendsasignaltothebrainthatstopsappetitE.Thatfoolsyouintothinkingyou’veeatenfartoomuchwhenyoureallyhaven’tsaidWildE.Fromhisstudiesonfatdigestionhesaiditshouldbepossibletomakefoodsfrombreadtoyoghurtthatmakeiteasiertodiet.WhiletheresearchisstillinitsearlystagesWilde’sapproachtocontrollingappetiteisonethatsomedoctorssaycouldbeakeytosolvingtheproblemofobesity.BeingabletoswitchoffappetitewouldbeabighelpforpeoplehavingtroublelosingweightsaidSteveBloomaprofessorofinvestigativemedicineatLondon’sImperialCollegewhoisnotconnectedtoWilde’sresearch.BloomsaidthatregulatingappetitethroughfoodsistheoreticallypossiblE.ButBloomwarnedthatcontrollingappetitemaybeverychallenging.ThebodyhaslotsofthingstopreventitsregulatorysystemsfrombeingtrickedhesaiD.Wilde’sresearchmakesuseofthebody’swaysofdigestingfat.Fatnormallygetsbrokendowninthefirstpartofthesmallintestines肠道.Whenyoueatahigh-fatmealhoweverthebodycanonlydigestthefatentirelyfurtherdownintheintestineswhichthencausesthebodytoproduceakindofchemicaltostoptheappetitE.Wilde’sapproachcopieswhathappenswithahigh-fatmeal.Hecoatsfatdroplets滴infoodswithmodifiedproteinsfromplantssoittakeslongerforthechemicalthatbreaksdownfattoreachit.Thatmeansthatthefatisn’tdigesteduntilithitsthefarreachesoftheintestines.Atthatpointintestinalcellssendasignaltellingthebrainit’sfull.Eventhoughthebodyhasn’thadahigh-fatmealitstopstheappetiteasifithas.Ifthefathadbeendigestedearlierintheintestinesnosuchsignalwouldbesent.51.AccordingtoWilde’sresearchwhatcouldpeopledoiftheywanttoloseweight?A.Eatmorebreadandyoghurt.B.Trickthebodybyeatingnothing.C.HavefoodswithfatdropletscoateD.D.Controltheirdigestivesystemstrictly.52.TheunderlinedwordobesityinParA.2mostprobablymeans________.A.beingtoofatB.eatingtoomuchfoodC.stoppingappetiteD.beingunhealthy53.WhatcanbeinferredaboutProfessorBloom’sopiniontowardsWilde’sapproach?A.Itwon’tworksincethebody’sregulatorysystemswillneverbetrickeD.B.Itissuretoswitchofftheappetiteofpeoplewithaweightproblem.C.Itsoundsterriblebecauseregulatingappetitethroughfoodsisnotpracticalatall.D.It’snothateasytotrickthebodysomoreresearchshouldbedonE.54.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutWilde’sapproach?A.A.kindofchemicalisaddedtomakeahigh-fatmeallessfatty.B.Fatisdigestedearlierandthebodysendsasignaltellingthebrainit’sfull.C.Fatwon’tgetbrokendowninthefirstpartofthesmallintestines.D.Thechemicalthatbreaksdownfatwillnotreachthefat.55.Thepassageiswrittento________.A.giveadviceonhowtostopeatinghigh-fatmealsB.introducearesearchoncontrollingappetiteC.discusstheargumentbetweentwoprofessorsD.showdifferentwaystotrickthebody
WaystoBurnMoreCaloriesRunthroughwaterRunninginwaterisoneofthetoughestactivitiesyoucanperformbecausethewetstuffisabout12to15timesasresistant具有阻力的asair.Tryyourhardesttorunandyoucanburnabout17caloriesperminutE.StartfastDon’tbefooled—slowandsteadywon’twintheracE.A.recentstudyfoundthatafterashortwarm-upcyclistswhorodehardduringthefirsthalfoftheirworkoutsandthenslowedforthesecondhalfburnedabout10percentmorecaloriesthanthosewhostartedslowandfinishedfast.TaketothesandHereissomeeasy-to-rememberadviceonburningcalories:thesofterthesurfacethemoreyouburn.Bywalkingorrunningonthebeachyoucanuseup20to50percentmorecaloriesthanyoudogoingatthesamepaceonahardtrail.ShutupanddanceHere’stheperfectexcusetosignupforthathip-hopdanceclassyou’vebeeneagertotry.Surprisingyourbodywithnewactivities—danceanewsportyounameit—forcesittoworkharderbecauseit’sdoingunfamiliarmovementsandusingmusclegroupsindifferentways.UseyourarmsGettingbothyourupperandlowerbodyinvolvedcanprovideabigcalorie-burningadvantagE.Soifyou’reshortoftimeorwanttogeteverythingyoucanoutofyourusual45-minuteworkouttrytotal-bodyactivitiessuchasrowingormming.Youcanevenngyourarmsashardasyoucanwhileyouwalk.Howcanwaterhelpyouburnmorecalories?A.Bypushingyourbody.B.Bywettingyourclothesandshoes.C.Byforcingyoutorunfaster.D.Byforcingyourbodytoworkharder.WhatdoesitinPart4referto?A.DancE.B.Movement.C.Body.D.MusclE.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.OnecanburnmorecalorieswhenwalkingonthesandthanonlanD.B.Onecanburnmorecalorieswhenwalkingonstonesthanonearth.C.OnecanburnmorecalorieswhenrunninginwaterthanonthesanD.D.Onecanburnmorecalorieswhenexercisingusingtheupperbodythanusingthelowerbody.
PeopleBorninAutumnLiveLongerPeoplebornintheautumnlivelongerthanthoseborninthespringandarelesslikelytofallchronicallyillwhentheyareolderaccordingtoanAustrianscientist.Usingcensus人口普查dataformorethanonemillionpeopleinAustriaDenmarkandAustraliascientistsattheMaxPlanckInstituteinthenorthernGermantownofRostockfoundthemonthofbirthwasrelatedtolifeexpectancy预期寿命overtheageof50.Seasonaldifferencesinwhatmothersateduringpregnancyandinfectionsoccurringatdifferenttimesoftheyearcouldbothhaveanimpactonthehealthofanew-bornbabyandcouldinfluenceitslifeexpectancyinolderagE.AmothergivingbirthinspringspendsthelastphaseofherpregnancyinwinterwhenshewilleatlessvitaminsthaninsummersaidGabrieleDoblhammeroneofateamofscientistswhocarriedouttheresearch.Whenshestopsbreast-feedingandstartsgivingherbabynormalfoodit’sinthehotweeksofsummerwhenbabiesareprone易于toinfectionsofthedigestivesystem.InAustriaadultsborninautumnOctober-DecemberlivedaboutsevenmonthslongerthanthoseborninspringApril-JuneandinDenmarkadultswithbirthdaysinautumnoutlivedthoseborninspringbyaboutfourmonths.Inthesouthernhemispherethepicturewassimilar.AdultsbornintheAustralianautumn—theEuropeanspring—livedaboutfourmonthslongerthanthosebornintheAustralianspring.Thestudyfocusedonpeoplebornatthebeginningofthe20thcenturyusingdeathcertificatesandcensusdatA.AlthoughnutritionatalltimesoftheyearhasimprovedsincethentheseasonalpatternpersistsDoblhammersaiD.Butontheotherhandaccordingtoastudyofmore40000peoplethoseborninspringandsummerreportthemselvesluckierthanthoseborninautumnorwinter.ProfessorRichardWise-manwholedtheresearchexplainedthatthetemperatureatthetimeofbirthmightinfluencethedevelopmentofthebrainandseasonalfactorsmakeadifferenceaswell.Theunderlinedwordoutlivedinthetextprobablymeans________.A.livedoutofB.dependedonC.hadashorterlifethanD.livedlongerthanThecensusdataofthefollowingcountriesisusedforresearchEXCEPT_______.A.Germany.B.Denmark.C.AustraliA.D.AustriA.What’sthemainideaofthistext?A.Nutritionatalltimesoftheyearhasimprovedsincethebeginningofthe20thcentury.B.InAustriaadultsborninautumnOctober—DecemberlivedaboutsevenmonthslongerthanthoseborninspringApril—June.C.Peopleborninautumnlivelongerthanthoseborninspringandarelesslikelytofallillwhentheyareolder.D.Babiesarepronetoinfectionsofthedigestivesystem.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothetext?A.Infectionsoccurringatdifferenttimesoftheyearinfluencethehealthofanew-bornbaby.B.Thestudyfocusedonpeopleborninthelate20thcentury.C.A.mothergivingbirthinspringeatslessvitaminsduringthelastphaseofherpregnancyinwinter.D.Whatmothersateduringpregnancycouldhaveanimpactonthebabies’lifeexpectancyinolderagE.Therightsentenceofthefollowingis________.A.Themonthofbirthwasnotrelatedtolifeexpectancyovertheageof50.B.A.mothergivingbirthinspringspendsthelastphaseofherpregnancyinwintereatingmorevitaminsthaninsummer.C.Stoppingbreast-feedingandstartinggivingbabiesnormalfoodmustmakebabiespronetogetinfectedwiththedigestivesysteminthehotweeksofsummer.D.AdultsbornintheAustralianautumn―theEuropeanspring―livedaboutfourmonthslongerthanthosebornintheAustralianspring.
Iknowwhatyou’rethinking:Pizza?Forbreakfast?Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnight’sleftoverswithitinthemorningifyouwantto.Iknowlotsofwomenwhoskipbreakfastandtheyhaveatonofdifferentexcusesfordoingit.Somesaytheydon’thavetimE.Othersthinkthey’resavingcalories卡路里stillotherssaytheyjustdon’tlikebreakfastfood.Butthefactisthateatinginthemorningisveryimportantwhenyou’retryingtoloseweight.Eatinganythingfrom300to400calorieswouldbebetterthannothingatallsaysKatherineBrookingwhodevelopedthesuper-easyeatingplanforthisyear’sSELFCHALLENGE.Andevenpizzacanbehealthyifit’sloadedwithvegetablesaslongasyousticktoonlyonesmallpiecE.BreakfastisonemealInevermissandthesamegoesformostweightlosssuccessstories.Researchshowsthateatingbreakfastkeepsyoufromovereatinglaterintheday.ResearchersattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniafoundthatbreakfastskippershaveabiggerchanceofgainingweightthanthosewhoregularlyhaveamorningmeal.Soeatsomethinginthemorninganything.IknowplentyoffriendswhoenduphavingnobreakfastortheyjusthavecoffeeororangejuicE.Isaytryheatinguplastnight’sleftovers.Itmaysoundcrazybutifitworksforyoudoit!IfindifItellmyselfYoucanalwayseatittomorrowIputawaytheleftoversinsteadofeatingmorethatnight.Tryitandyoumaysaveyourselfsomepre-bedtimecalories.Andyouwillwatchyourbodygainthefat-burningeffects.38.TheunderlinedwordleftoversinParagraph1probablymeans_________.A.foodremainingafteramealB.breakfastC.mealsmadeofvegetablesD.pizzawithfruit39.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Workingwomenusuallyhavebreakfastinahurry.B.Manypeoplehavewrongideasaboutbreakfast.C.Ifwehavepizzaloadedwithvegetableswewillcertainlynotgainweight.D.Eatingvegetableshelpsustosaveenergy.40.Accordingtothelastparagraphitisimportantto_________.A.eatsomethingforbreakfastB.becarefulaboutwhatyoueatC.heatupfoodbeforeeatingitD.eatcalorie-controlledfood41.Thetextiswrittenmainlyforthose_________.A.whogotoworkearlyB.whowanttoloseweightC.whostayuplateD.whoeatbeforesleep
DWillitmatterifyoudon’ttakeyourbreakfast?RecentlyatestwasgivenintheUnitedStates.Thosetestedincludedpeopleofdifferentagesfrom12to83.Duringtheexperimentthesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfastsandsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Specialtestsweresetuptoseehowwelltheirbodiesworkedwhentheyhadeatenacertainkindofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfastheorshewillworkwithbettereffectthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Thisfactappearstobeespeciallytrueifapersonworkswithhisbrainsifastudenteatsfruiteggsbreadandmilkbeforegoingtoschoolhewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwithmoreattentioninclass.Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieveifyoudon’teatbreakfastyouwillnotloseweight.Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattheyeattoomuchforlunchandendupgainingweightinsteadoflosing.Youwillprobablylosemoreweightifyoureduceyourothermeals.77.Theresultsofthetestshowthat______A.breakfasthasgreateffectonworkandstudies.B.breakfasthasmuchtodowithpeople’shealth.C.apersonwillworkbetterifhehassimplebreakfastD.breakfastonlyaffectsthosewhoworkwiththeirbrains.78.Thepassagementionsthatmanypeoplebelievethatifyoudon’teatbreakfastyouwill____.A.notloseweightB.behealthierC.gainweightD.loseweight79.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_____A.onecanworkbetterwithoutbreakfast.B.morningdietwilldogoodtoyourhealth.C.reducinglunchandsupperwillhelploseweight.D.breakfastismoreimportantthanlunchandsupper.80.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.GoodBreakfastB.WhyEatingBreakfast?C.NoeatingNogainingD.Whatisbreakfast
BRome-DoctorsandmedicalgroupsaroundtheworldlastweekendreactedwithstrongoppositiontothenewsthatanItalianspecialistisonthepointofcloningthefirsthumanbaby.Dr.SeverinoAntinoriwhoistheheadofahospitalinRomehasbeenreferredtoinanArabnewspaperasclaimingthatoneofhispatientsiseightweekspregnant怀孕的withaclonedbaby.AntinorirefusedtocommentonthereportsbutinMarch2001hesaidhehopedtoproduceaclonedembryo卵forimplantationwithintwoyears.Sofarsevendifferentkindsofmammalshavealreadysuccessfullyclonedincludingsheepcatsandmostrecentlyrabbits.DoctorsshowedtheirdoubtandwerestronglyopposedalthoughtheyadmitthathumancloningwouldfinallycometrueunlesstherewasaworldwidebanonthepracticE.ProfessorRudolfJaenischoftheWhiteheadInstituteforBiomedicalResearchattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologysaid:Ifinditastonishingthatpeopledothiswheretheresultcanbeforetoldthatitwillnotbeanormalbaby.Itisusinghumansasguineapigs.Itmakespeoplefeelsick.ButRonaldGreendirectoroftheEthicsinstituteatDarmouthCollegeintheUSsaiditisunlikelythataneight-week-oldpregnancywouldleadtoabirth.Sofarallclonedanimalshavesufferedfromsomedifferentseriousdisordersmanyofthemdyingsoonaftertheirbirths.DoctorsareopposedtohumancloningbecausetheyareworriedaboutthewelfareoftheclonedchildifthereisonE.TherearenobenefitsofclonedhumanbeingsjustharmsaidDr.MichaelWilksoftheUK.45.Whatisthedoctors’generalattitudetocloningofhumansaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyareagainstit.B.Theysupportit.C.Theywelcomeit.D.Theypaynoattentiontoit.46.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.DoctorSeverinoAntinoriisstronglyopposedtocloninghumanbeings.B.Uptonowsevenkindsofanimalshavebeenclonedincludingsheepcatshumansandrabbits.C.ProfessorRudolfJaenischiscarryingonanexperimentoncloninganeight-week-oldembryo.D.RonaldGreendoubtsaboutthefuturesuccessfulbirthoftheso-calledclonedembryo.47.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheSuccessofCloningHumansB.TheAngeratCloningHumansC.FailureofCloningHumansD.FirstClonedHuman?
Toocoldforrecess?SchoolpoliciesvaryasmuchastempsWhenisittoocoldforschoolchildrentogooutsideforrecess课间休息?Theanswervarieswidelybasedonwhereaschoolislocatedandwhatthekidsareusedto.Consider:OnenorthernMinnesotaschoolsaysithastobe15belowzerobeforekidsarekeptinsidE.ButinareasalongtheEastCoasttemperaturesbelow35to40degreescouldkeepkidsinsidE.CancelingrecessbecauseofthecoldisnosmallissueconsideringthatmuchoftheUSAistremblingthroughwhatmaybeitscoldestwinterinagenerationaccordingtoAccuWeather.ThereisnonationaltemperaturestandardforwhentokeepkidsinsideduringthewintermonthstheU.S.DepartmentofEducationsays.Decisionsaremadeatthelocalleveleitherbyprincipalsorschooldistricts.Consequentlypoliciesarealloverthemap:??InInternationalFallsMinn.theself-describedIceboxoftheNationwheretheaveragehightemperatureinJanuaryis13degreesFallsElementarySchoolPrincipalJerryHilfersaysifit's15beloworwarmertheygooutnomatterwhat.At20belowitgetsiffyheadds.??InWicomicoCountyMD.principalstypicallykeepchildrenindoorswhentemperaturesdropbelowfreezingorifit'srainingorsnowingsaysSusanJonestheschoolsystem'sdirectorofelementaryeducation.That'sthebottomlinesaysCurtisTwilleyprincipalofPembertonElementarySchoolinSalisburyMD.Twilleysaysstudentsgetlittleexercisewhenrecessstaysindoors.AtPembertonElementarythestudentswilltypicallyplayboardgamesorcomputergamesinaclassroombecausetheschool'sgymisoccupiedwithotherclasseshesays.??ForschoolsinMarquetteMich.whichaveragesabout12feetofsnowperseasonschoolofficialsacknowledgestudentsareprobablyalittlemorepreparedthanthoseinsomemoremildclimates.Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage_________.A.Nonationaltemperaturestandardismadeforwhentokeepkidsinsideduringthewintermonths.B.SusanJonesinsistsstudentsgetlittleexercisewhenrecessstaysindoors.C.InWicomicoCountychildrenarekeptindoorswhentemperaturesdipbelowfreezing.D.Michhasabout12feetofsnowperseasononaveragE.WhichplacecallsitselfBoxofIce?WicomicoCountyB.MarquetteC.SalisburyD.MinnConsidering_______cancelingrecessInUSAbecauseofthecoldisabigissuE.A.differentschoolshavedifferentprinciples.B.muchoftheUSAhasverycoldwinter.C.physicalactivitycanbooststudentperformancE.D.decisionsaremadeatthelocallevelTheunderlinedwordiffymeans_______.A.uncertainB.surprisingC.seriousD.worseWhatwillbetalkedaboutnext?A.MoreschoolpoliciesB.Thereasonswhyschoolpoliciesvary.C.Measurestoimprovethesituation.D.Necessitiestoimprovethesituation
MostofusfeargettingupandspeakinginpubliC.Manypeopledon’tliketogogatheringwheretheydon’tknowanyonebutwhilemostofussoldieron迎难而上thosewithsocialanxietydisorderareoftenstoppedbytheterrorandworry.ResearchshowsthataroundfifteenmillionAmericanssufferfromsocialanxietydisorder.PeopleinthisconditionfeelthattheyarealwaysbeingwatcheD.Eventhoughtheyknowthesefearsareunreasonabletheycannotovercometheirfearsontheirown.Socialanxietydisordersufferersareoftenmisdiagnosedwithconditionssuchasschizophrenia精神分裂症andpersonalitydisorder.Manyfeellonelyandareunsurewhetheranyoneelsecanunderstandtheirthoughtsandemotions.Thiscanleadtowithdrawalfrommostsocialsituationseventobeingunabletoholdemployment.Thosewhosufferfromsocialanxietydisorderareoftendismissed辞退asbeingshy.Thisissimplynotthecase;shynessisnotevenasymptomofsocialanxietydisorder.Themajorityofsufferersfindtheirsymptomslinkedtospecificsituationsratherthanalltypesofsocialinteractions.Animportantstepinovercomingsocialanxietydisorderisseekingoutatherapistwhospecializesintrainingthistypeofdisorder.GrouptreatmenthasbeenshowntobeespeciallyeffectivE.Medicationalsohelpreducethesymptomsbutitshouldnotbeusedasareplacementforpsychotherapy心理疗法.Onyourownyoucanhelpreducethesymptomsbytakingdeepbreathsandpractisingmedicationorprayer.Alcoholandnicotineshouldbeavoidedasbothcancausepanicattacks.Exercisescanrelievethesymptomsbecauseitburnsupthechemicalsinyourbodythatcausestress.54.Patientswithsocialanxietydisorder_________________.A.areshyinallsituationsB.feeltheydon’tunderstandthemselvesC.areanxiousandterrifiedwhilespeakinginpublicD.feelitisunreasonabletobewatchedbyothers55.Weknowfromthepassagethat___________________________________.A.mostpeoplewilltrytofightagainstsocialanxietydisorderB.shynessisthemainsymptomofsocialanxietydisorderC.peoplewhofeellonelyareoftenmisdiagnosedwithsocialanxietydisorderD.psychotherapyisveryimportantintreatingsocialanxietydisorder56.AccordingtothepassageifJacksuffersfromsocialanxietydisorderheshould_________.A.burnupsomeunsafechemicalsB.askforhelpfromadoctorC.practisespeakinginpublicD.resignfromhispresentjob57.Wearemostlikelytofindthispassagein__________.A.AmericanCultureB.CrossCountryC.FamilyDoctorD.EnglishNature
Eversincenewsofwidespreadfoodrecallscausedbyacarcinogenicdyebroketherehasbeenconfusion混淆overpossiblelinkstothecountryofthesamenamebutSudanofficialssaythereisnoconnectionwhatever.Sudan1isaredindustrialdyethathasbeenfoundinsomechillipowderbutwasbannedinfoodproductsacrosstheEuropeanUnionEUinJuly2003.SincethebanwasputinplaceEUofficialshavebeenstrivingtoremovesomefoodproductsfromtheshelves.Sofar580productshavebeenrecalleD.LastweekSudan’sEmbassyintheUnitedKingdomaskedtheFoodStandardsAgencyFSAforclarificationoftheoriginofthedye’snamE.OmaimaMahmoudAlShariefapressofficialatSudan’sEmbassyinChinaexplainedthepurposeoftheinquirywastoclearupanymisunderstandingoverlinksbetweenthecountryandthepoisonousdyE.WewanttokeepaneyeoneverydetailandavoidanymisunderstandingthereshesaiD.OurembassytoBritainaskedthemhowthedyegotthatnameandwhetherthedyehadsomethingtodowithourcountry.Buttheytoldustherewasnorelationship.TheFSAanindependentfoodsecuritywatchdoginBritainreceivedaletterfromtheSudaneseembassylastweek.TheyaskeduswhythedyeisnamedSudanhoweverwealsodonotknowhowitgotthenameshesaiD.Peoplefoundthedyein1883andgaveitthenamE.Nobodyknowsthereasonandwecannotgiveanyexplanationbeforewefindout.SudandyeswhichincludeSudan1to4arereddyes颜料usedforcolouringsolvents溶剂oilswaxespetrolandshoeandfloorpolishes.TheyareclassifiedascarcinogensbytheInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninparagraphone?A.Causingcancer.B.Havingsideeffect.C.Containingpoison.D.Poisonous.HowdidtheSudan1getitsname?A.ThedyeisoftenproducedinSudan.B.ThedyehassomethingtodowiththecountrynamedSudan.C.NobodyissureoftheoriginofthenamE.D.ManyfoodsproducedinSudancontainthedyE.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.theSudangovernmentispayingmuchattentiontothefoodsafetyB.Sudan1isoftenusedtobeaddedtothefoodC.peopledidn’trealizethedangerofSudan1until2003D.manyfoodshopswillbecloseddownWhichofthefollowingisthebesttitle?A.KeepawayfromSudan1B.NoSudan1dyelinkstothecountryC.HowSudan1dyegotitsname?D.Payattentiontothefoodsafety
Wantaglanceofthefutureofhealthcare?Takealookatthewaythevariousnetworksofpeopleaboutpatientcarearebeingconnectedtooneanotherandhowthisnewconnectivityisbeingexploitedtodelivermedicinetothepatient—nomatterwhereheorshemaybE.Onlinedoctorsofferingadvicebasedonnormalsymptoms症状arethemostobviousexamplE.Increasinglyhoweverremotediagnosis远程诊断willbebasedonrealphysiologicaldata生理数据fromtheactualpatient.A.groupfromtheUniversityofKentuckyhasshownthatbyusingpersonaldataassistanceplusamobilephoneitisperfectlypracticaltosendapatient’simportantsignsoverthetelephonE.Withthiskindofequipmentthecryaskingwhethertherewasadoctorinthehousecouldwellbeathingofthepast.OthermedicaltechnologygroupsareworkingonapplyingtelemedicinetoruralcountrysidecarE.Andatleastoneteamwantstousetelemedicineasatoolfordisasterneed—especiallyafterearthquakes.Onthewholethetrendistowardsprovidingglobalaccesstomedicaldataandexperts’opinions.Butthereisoneproblem.Bandwidth宽带isthelimitingfactorforsendingcomplex复杂的medicalpicturesaroundtheworld—CTphotosbeingoneofthebiggestbandwidthusers.Communicationsatellitesmaybeabletodealwiththeshort-termneedsduringdisasterssuchasearthquakesorwars.Butmedicineislookingtowardsboththesecond-generationInternetandthird-generationmobilephonesforthefutureofremotemedicalservicE.Doctorshavemettodiscusscomputer-basedtoolsformedicaldiagnosistrainingandtelemedicinE.Withthefallingpriceofbroadbandcommunicationsthenewtechnologiesshouldstartanewtimewhentelemedicineandthesharingofmedicalinformationexperts’opinionsanddiagnosisarecommon.1.Thewriterchieflytalksabout_______.A.theuseoftelemedicineB.theon-lineddoctorsC.medicalcareandtreatmentD.communicationimprovement2.Thebasisofremotediagnosiswillbe_______.A.personaldataassistanceB.somewordsofapatientC.realphysiologicalinformationD.medicalpicturesfromtheInternet3.WhichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothetextA.Patientsdon’tneeddoctorsinhospitalsanymorE.B.Itisimpossibletosendapatient’ssignsoverthetelephonE.C.Manyteamsusetelemedicinedealingwithdisastersnow.D.BroadbandcommunicationswillbecomecheaperinthefuturE.4.Theprobleminthefourthparagraphreferstothefactthat_______.A.bandwidthisn’tbigenoughtosendcomplexmedicalpicturesB.thesecond-generationofInternethasnotbecomepopularyetC.communicationsatellitescanonlydealwithshort-termneedsD.thereisnotenoughequipmentforspreadingthemedicalcare
Americanfarmersareraisingfivepercentmoregoatsformeatthesedays.Goatmeatishighinprotein蛋白质andlowerinunhealthyfatthanmanyothermeats.Evensotheindustryissmallcomparedtochickenbeefandpork.ButimmigrationhasbroughtmoreofatasteforgoattoAmericafromallovertheworlD.ExpertsfromtheUniversityofIllinoisoffersomequestionsforpeopletoconsideriftheyarethinkingaboutraisinggoats.Firstofalldoyouunderstandthattherealwayshastobesomeonetocareforthegoats?◆Howmuchlanddoyouhaveavailable?Andhowgoodisit?PoorgroundmaysupporttwotofourgoatsonhalfahectarE.Bettergrasslandcansupportsixtoeight.Ifgoatsandcattlesharethelandtwogoatscanbeaddedforeachcow.ThegoatswilleatweedsandotherplantsthatcattledonotlikE.◆Doyouhavebuildingsforthenumberoffemalegoatsyouplantokeepduringwinter?Anopencolddrybarnisbetterthanaclosedwarmbarnwheretheairiswet.◆Doyouhavetheequipmenttocleanbarns畜棚andtoharvesthay草料tofeedyourgoats?Orwillyougetsomeoneelsetodoitorbuythehay?Theexpertssayaprofitablebusinessingoatmeatmaytakethreetofiveyearstoestablish.Andofcoursetherearenoguarantees.Onwhichsectionofanewspaperwillthispassageappear?A.InternationalAffairsB.EntertainmentC.AgricultureD.CultureWhichofthefollowingisNOTafactorinmakinggoatmeatmorepopular?A.GoatmeatishealthyfooD.B.Immigrantsbringdifferenttastes.C.Theindustrystillleavesroomforprofit.D.Raisinggoatsischallenging.Ifsomeonehastwohectaresofgoodgrasslandwhatisthemaximumnumberofcowsandgoatshecanraise?A.32cowsand64goats.B.32cowsand32goats.C.16cowsand32goats.D.8cowsand16goats.Whatistheexperts’opinionaboutthegoat-raisingbusiness?A.Youcanmakesuremoney.B.Youhadbetterbecautiousandpatient.C.GoatsarehardlypossibletoraisE.D.GoatmeatstillneedstoberecognizeD.
Meatandvegetablesaremeasuredingramsandkilograms.Milkandotherliquidfoodsaremeasuredinlitersormilliliters.Theseunitsonlymeasurequantity:theydonotmeasurethevalueofthefoodtothebody.Theunitwhichmeasuresthequalityorvalueoffoodisthecalorietheamountofheatgivenoffbyfoodwhenitbrurns.Thismeasurementtellshowmuchenergyacertainfoodhaswhenitiscompletelyusedbythebody.Ourbodiesusevarying不同程度的amountofcalories.Themoreexercisewetakethemorecaloriesweburn.Ifweeatfoodwhichcontainsmorecaloriesthanweuseupthenitispossiblethatwewouldincreaseinweight.Inordertoavoidbecomingoverweightitisadvisabletoeatabalanceddietandnoteattoomanyfoodsthathaveahighcalorierating.ThetablebelowgivesyousomeideaofthenumberofcaloriesinfooD.A.MeatsSliceofbacon50Hamburger300Sliceofbeef100Sausage180Meatpie500Sausageroll350B.FruitsApple70Orange70Pear80Banana80Plum20Tomato20C.SweetsandPastriesSmallchocolatebar190Largechocolatebar225Sliceapplepie300Doughnut200Scoopoficecream85Bagofpotatocrisps145D.Vegetables60gcarrots1860gpotato6060gonion2560gcucumber1060gcabbage15
LikeagrowingnumberofyoungwomeninVietnam’snorthernpartcityofHaiphongPhamThiHuewasinfectedwithHIVbyherhusbandoneofthetown’smanydrugusers.ButinsteadofbeingshamedintosilenceasVietnamesewithHIVandAIDSarethe25-year-oldtailorandmotherofonewentpublicappearingontelevisionandatconferences.Herbusinesssufferedandherneighborsinsulted辱骂herbutHuehasnowbecomethepublicfaceofMothersandWivesanHIV/AIDSsupportgroupestablishedinHaiphongbyaNorwegiannongovernmentalorganizationandherneighborhood’sPeople’sCommitteE.Lastyearshefoundedasmallergroupnamedafteralocalflower.Peoplewhoneedadviceontreatmentorhelppreparingbodiesforburialcandialahotlineandgetassistancefromableandsympathetic同情的HIVvictims.WegathertosupporteachotherHuesays.Whenwearesickwhatweneedmostisencouragementandcomfortfrompeoplewhounderstandoursituationandarewillingtoshareourhappinessaswellasoursadness.OnahotanddampnightlastmonthHuewelcomedintohersmallhomeaverythinwomanalsoatailorwhowasHIVpositivE.ThewomantearfullytoldHuethatshehadnottoldanyoneaboutherconditionfearingthatshewouldlosecustomersandthatherdaughterwouldbeinsultedatschool.HuebecamethewiseelderofferingmedicalandpersonaladvicE.WhatdidPhamThiHuedoaftershewasinfectedwithHIV?A.ShekeptsilentB.SheworkedasusualC.Shestayedathomeandcriedeveryday.D.Shewentpublicandgavehelptoothers.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthegroupPhamThiHuefoundedismadeupof____.A.drugusersB.HIVvictimsC.allkindsofpatientsD.poorpeopleFromthepassagewecanlearnthatPhamThiHueisawomanwhois_______.A.weakandkindB.foolishandidleC.braveandhelpfulD.cautiousandenergetic
Ifyouareamaleandyouarereadingthiscongratulations:youareasurvivor.AccordingtostatisticsyouaremorethantwiceaslikelytodieofskincancerthanawomanandninetimesmorelikelytodieofAIDS.Assumingyoumakeittotheendofyournaturaltermabout78yearsformeninAustraliayouwilldieonaveragefiveyearsbeforeawoman.Therearemanyreasonsforthistypicallymentakemorerisksthanwomenandaremorelikelytodrinkandsmokebutperhapsmoreimportantlymendon’tgotothedoctor.Menaren’tseeingdoctorsasoftenastheyshouldsaysDr.GullottaThisisparticularlysofortheover-40swhendiseasestendtostrikE.Gullottasaysahealthymanshouldvisitthedoctoreveryyearortwo.Forthoseover45itshouldbeatleastonceayear.TwomonthsagoGullottasawa50-year-oldmanwhohaddelayeddoinganythingabouthissmoker’scoughforayear.WhenIfinallysawhimithadalreadyspreadandhehassincediedfromlungcancerhesaysEarlierdetectionandtreatmentmaynothavecuredhimbutitwouldhaveprolongedhislifE.Accordingtoarecentsurvey95%ofwomenagedbetween15andearly40sseeadoctoronceayearcomparedto70%ofmeninthesameagegroup.Alotofmenthinktheyareinvincible不可战胜的Gullottasays.TheyonlycomeinwhenafrienddropsdeadonthegolfcourseandtheythinkGeezifitcouldhappentohim__________.ThenthereistheostrichapproachsomemenarescaredofwhatmightbethereandwouldrathernotknowsaysDr.RossCartmill.MostmengettheircarsservicedmoreregularlythantheyservicetheirbodiesCartmillsays.Hebelievesmostdiseasesthatcommonlyaffectmencouldbeaddressedbypreventivecheck-ups.Regularcheck-upsformenwouldinevitablyplacestrain紧张onthepublicpurseCartmillsays.Butpreventionischeaperinthelongrunthanhavingtotreatthediseases.Besidestheultimatecostisfargreater:itiscalledprematuredeath.Whydoestheauthorcongratulatehismalereadersatthebeginningofthepassage?A.Theyaremorelikelytosurviveseriousdiseasestoday.B.TheiraveragelifespanhasbeenconsiderablyextendeD.C.TheyhavelivedlongenoughtoreadthisarticlE.D.TheyaresuretoenjoyalongerandhappierlifE.Whatisthemostimportantreasonwhymendiefiveyearsearlieronaveragethanwomenaccordingtotheauthor?A.mendrinkandsmokemuchmorethanwomenB.mendon’tseekmedicalcareasoftenaswomenC.menaren’tascautiousaswomeninfaceofdangerD.menaremorelikelytosufferfromfataldiseasesWhichofthefollowingbestcompletesthesentenceGeezifitcouldhappentohim_______?A.itcouldhappentometooB.IshouldavoidplayinggolfC.IshouldconsidermyselfluckyD.itwouldbeabigmisfortuneWhatdoesDr.RossCartmillmeanbytheostrichapproach?A.acasualattitudetowardsone’shealthconditionsB.anewtherapyforcertainpsychologicalproblemsC.refusaltogetmedicaltreatmentforfearofthepaininvolvedD.unwillingnesstofindoutaboutone’sdiseasebecauseoffear
Thereasonsforaperson’sbecominganalcoholichaveoftenbeendebatedbypsychologistsandotherscientists.Butrecentstudiessuggestthattheproblemofalcoholism酒精中毒shouldalsobethefocusofinvestigationbybiologists.Whilesuchthingsashardjobsboredomandunhappinesscanleadtoalcoholismresearchersataprominentuniversityhavefoundthattheremayalsobeageneticfactorinvolvedinalcoholism.InthestudychildrenofalcoholicparentsweresurveyeD.Theresultshowedthatthechildrenofalcoholicparentsweremorelikelytobecomealcoholicsthemselvesthanwerechildrenofnon-drinkingparents.Thisevidenceinitselfisnotconclusive令人确信的aboutanything.Afterallitmaybetheconstantexposure接触andeasyaccesstoalcoholthatcausethechildrenofalcoholicstobecomealcoholicsthemselves.ButthereismoreevidencE.Thestudyfoundthatchildrenbornofalcoholicparentsbutraisedbynon-drinkingfoster抚养的parentsalsoweresusceptibletoalcoholism.Thisgroupofoffspring后代wasmorelikelytotakeupdrinkingthanyoungsterswhowerebornofandraisedbynon-drinkingparents.Otherevidencefoundinthestudysuggeststhatenvironmentdoesnotplayasimportantaroleinthedevelopmentofalcoholismashadbeenpreviouslythought.ThestudyfoundthatthelikelihoodofalcoholismwasbetterpredictedfromthecharacteristicsoftheparentsthanfromsuchenvironmentalcharacteristicsastypeofjoborlevelofincomE.63.Whatisthemainpointofthepassage?A.Todescribetheenvironmentinthedevelopmentofalcoholism.B.Tostudythepsychologicalfactorinthedevelopmentofalcoholism.C.Todescribehowthechildrenofalcoholicparentsbecomealcoholicsthemselves.D.Todescribethecloselinkbetweengeneticmake-upandalcoholism.64.Accordingtothepassagewhatcanbringaboutalcoholism?A.Biologists’investigation.B.Non-drinkingparents.C.Hardjobsboredomandunhappiness.D.Fosterparents’raising.65.Accordingtothefindingsofthestudywhowouldbethemostlikelytobecomeanalcoholic?A.A.personwhohadahardjoB.B.A.personwhowasbornofalcoholicparents.C.A.personwhowasraisedbydrinkingfosterparents.D.A.personwhowasbornofandraisedbynon-drinkingparents.66.Accordingtothepassagewhatshouldtheproblemofalcoholismbetreatedas?A.A.psychologicalproblem.B.Anenvironmentalproblem.C.A.biologicalproblem.D.Aneducationalproblem.
ArmedonlywithiPhonestheinventiverockbandAtomicTomhasgoneviral广为流传bywayoftheNewYorksubway.ThebandhasscoredanInternethitwiththevideotothesongTakeMeOut.SingerLukeWhitesaystheproductionwasatop-secretoperation.Wedidn'ttellanyoneaboutthis.Itwascompletelytop-secretfromourfamilyfromourfriendsfromourlabelourmanagementeverybody.SothefirsttimethatpeoplesawthisvideowaslastFridaywhenweputitonYouTubeexplainedWhitE.SinceuploadingthevideotoYouTubebandmembershavespentseveraldaysrefreshingthepagetowatchthenumberofhitsrisE.ThevideohasalsomadeitswayaroundTwitterasmanypeoplehaveshareditwiththeirfriends.Imeanitstillhasn'tquitehit.It'sjustkindofblowingourmindsrightnowthatwe'regettingthis:manypeoplearefondofitandthey'resharingitwiththeirfriends.Wedon'tknowwhatit'slikereallytohavesomethingthat'sviralsoallofthisisverynewtous.saidEricEspiritutheleadguitaristofthebanD.Whiteexplainshowthevideocametogether:Wedidourresearchwiththeapplications应用程序andfoundapplicationsthatworkedoutreallywellwiththeinstrumentsandthenwepluggedthemallintopluggedourphonesintomini-batterypoweredamplifiers扩音器thatweputunderneathourseatsandwedidalotofyouknowpracticesintermsoffiguringoutwhatthebalanceofthesoundandlikewhowasoverpoweringwhowastooloudorwhowastoosoft.TheideaforthevideocamefromEspiritu'syoungerbrotherBenjamin.TheyoungerEspiritudirectedthevideofromhisinitialconceptthroughthefinaleditanduploadtotheInternet.I'veseenalotofthemusicapplicationscomeoutandI'veneveractuallyhadthechancetoplaywiththemsaysBenEspiritu.WhenIstartedhearingabouthowtheysoundandeverythingIthoughtitmightbeuniquetotakeitonestepfurtherandthencreateanentirebandjustperformingsolely单曲ontheiPhonesandIthoughtitwouldbeaprettycoolideA.Bensaysthesuccessoftheband’smusicvideoisacredittothetalentandabilityofthemusiciansbutit'salsoasignofthetimes.ItreallycomesdowntoseeingsomethingdifferentseeingsomethinguniqueandIthinkthatthat'salwaysinanytypeofartformwhatwillspeaktopeopleandIthinkitdoesreflectthetimesthatweliveintakingasmartphoneandthenbeingabletoturnitintoaninstrumentnotonlyjustaninstrumentbutmakingitsoundreallygooD.WhofirstsawthevideoofthesongTakeMeOut?A.TheirfriendsB.ThepeopleonlineC.TheirfamilyD.TheirmanagementWhatisthebandmembers’attitudetowardsthesuddenfame?A.TheyarethrilleD.B.Theyarequiteusedtoit.C.TheyarekindofconfuseD.D.Theyaresoexcitedastotelleveryonetheyknow.Howdidthevideocomeintobeing?A.Thebandcopiedfromitothermusicians.B.IthadalreadyexistedintheiPhonesbeforetheyboughtthem.C.ThebandcreateditwiththehelpoftheapplicationsintheiPhones.D.Thebandmadefulluseofthetraditionalinstrumentstomakethesong.Whatisthesignificanceofthesuccessoftheband'smusicvideo?A.Ithasintroducedusseveraltalentedmusicians.B.Ithasmadethemusiciansintomillionaires.C.Itteachestheyoungabiglesson.D.Itreflectsthetalentandabilityofthemusiciansandthetimesthatwelivein.
ThemostcommondiseaseintheworldisthecolD.Itoftenstartswithasorethroat咽部疼痛.Yousneeze打喷嚏andyournoseruns.Youusuallyhaveaheadachetoo.Oftenyouhaveacoughlater.It'snotaseriousdiseasebutyoucanfeelquitebaD.Thereisn'tacure良药foracoldbutyoucantakemedicinestomakeyoufeelbetter.Forexampleyoucantakeaspirin阿司匹林togetridofyourheadachE.Itisgoodtorestandtodrinkalotofwatertoo.A.doctoroncetoldmeWiththerightmedicineacoldwilllastforsevendays.Withnomedicineitwillgoonforawholeweek!Wheredoesourmedicinecomefrom?A.longtimeagopeopleunderstoodthatsomeplantsmadethemfeelbetter.Theyatetheleavestherootsthefruitortheseedsofplants.Forexamplethejuiceoflemons柠檬makesasorethroatfeelbetter.Inmoderntimesscientistshavelookedattheseplantsandfoundoutwhichchemicals化学药品areinthem.Manyofourmedicinestodayaremadefromthosechemicals.Therearesomediseasesthatwecan'tcureyet.AndnobodyhasfoundacureforoldagE.Butbecauseofmodernmedicinestheaverage平均的personnowliveslongerthantheirgrandparents.1.A.coldoftenstartswith________________.A.aheadacheB.acoughC.apaininyourthroatD.feelingalittlecold2.Whatshouldwedowhenwecatchacold?A.WeonlytakesomemedicinE.B.WeshouldrestwelldrinkmuchwaterandhavesomemedicinE.C.Wejustwaitforawholeweek.D.Weonlyneedagoodrest.3.Whatmakesasorethroatfeelbetter?A.Themedicineaspirin.B.A.lotofwater.C.Somethinginsidelemons.D.Therootofaplant.4.Whatistherealmeaningofthedoctor'swords?A.ThereisalmostnomedicinethatcancurethecolD.B.ThereissomemedicinethatcancurethecolD.C.YouwillfeelwellafteraweekwhenyoutakesomemedicinE.D.ThecoldisaseriousdiseasE.
Thehighnoiseofmodernlifemayaffectspeechandlanguagedevelopmentintheveryyoungaccordingtoastudythatfoundtheauditory听觉的partsofthebrainsofyoungmiceareslowertoorganizeproperlyinthepresenceofcontinuoussounds.ResearchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaSanFranciscorearedagroupofratsinanenvironmentofcontinuousbackgroundnoiseandfoundthattheirbraincircuitsthatreceiveandinterpret解释sounddidnotdevelopatthesamerateasanimalsthatwereraisedinaquieterenvironment.EdwardF.ChangandMichaelMerzenichco-authorsofthestudyappearinginthejournalSciencesaidthatthecontinuousnoisedelayedtheorganizationofauditoryneurons神经细胞duringacriticaltwo-to-three-weekperiodaftertheratpupswereborn.Forratsnotexposedtothenoisetheauditorycortex皮层neuronsduringthisperiodgatheredintoasmallerareaandbegandevelopingaselectiveresponsetosounds.Butforthenoiseexposedratsthisorganizationwasslowedcausingadelayinthedevelopmentoftheabilitytodiscriminate辨别specificsoundtones.Theresearcherssaidittookthreeorfourtimeslongerfortheratsraisedinanoisyenvironmenttoreachthebasicbenchmarks基准ofauditorydevelopmentseenintheratpupsnotexposedtonoises.Althoughtheratisnotaperfectmodelforwhathappensinhumanstheauthorsnotethestudydoessuggestthathighlevelsofnoisemightpossiblyaffectsomelanguagelearninginbabies.Thesefindingssuggestthatenvironmentalnoisewhichiscommonlypresentincontemporarychild-rearingenvironmentscanpotentiallycontributetoauditoryandlanguage-relateddevelopmentdelaystheauthorswroteinSciencE.Theauthorsnotedthatalthoughthebraindevelopmentwasdelayedinratsexposedtothenoisetheirbrainsdideventuallymature成熟的normally.ThescientistsatCaliforniaUniversitystudiedrats_______.A.ofdifferentagegroupsB.withdifferenthabitsC.indifferentenvironmentsD.fromdifferentareasTheratsexposedtonoisecomparedtothosenotexposed_______.A.weremoresensitiveB.weredullerC.grewupmoreslowlyD.gatheredtogethermorequicklyTheresultoftheresearchmainlytellsusthatnoise_______.A.delaysbraindevelopmentB.stopsbabygrowthC.affectsspeechandlanguageD.destroysbrainsThefindingsoftheresearcharesaidtohavespecialconnectionswith_______.A.causesofnoisesB.medicalscienceC.otherlivingthingsD.humanbabies
Onewouldhavetobeafooltooverlooktheimportanceofusingpositivethinkingforyouratherthanallowingnegativethinkingtoworkagainstyou.Inrecentyearsresearchinpsychopharmacology精神药理学hasprovedwhatmanypeoplehaveknownoverthecenturies:apositiveattitudeisgoodforyougoodforyourhealthgoodforyourwealthgoodforeverything.Researchersfoundthatapositiveattitudeproducesaspecificchemicalreactionwhichmakespeoplefeelbetterwhilenegativethinkingresultsinadeclineofhormone荷尔蒙andshutsdowntheimmune免疫的system.Thisleadstoillnessanddepression.Positivethoughtswillmakeyoufeelbetter.Evenifyoumustbeginbyliterallyforcingyourselftobepositivefakingitsotospeakitwillbecomecontagious会传播的andthepositivethoughtswillgeneratenicelittlew*w^w.k&s#5@u.c~o*mchemicalsandgoodfeelingswhichwillreinforcethepositivethoughts.Forexampleifyouforceyourselftosmileorlaughevenwhenyoudon'tfeellikesmilingorlaughingifyoukeepatitforafewminutesyouwillsoonfeellikeit.Feelingscangeneratethoughtsbutthoughtscanalsogeneratefeelings.Controlyourthoughtsandyoucancontrolyourfeelings.Positivethinkingisimportantinallaspectsofourlives.ThereisprobablynosinglefactormoreimportantindeterminingyoursuccessinachievingyourcareerobjectivesthanyourownattitudE.It'softenbeensaidthatinthelandoftheblindtheone-eyedmanisking.Andintheofficeofmilitant好战negativismthepositiveworkersshinelikegolD.Youcannotcontrolexternaleventsbutyoucanlearntocontrolyourreactiontothoseeventsandtherebyhaveapositiveattitudeandbehappy.Thisvitalkeytosuccessistotallywithinyourcontrol.Useit.67.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.positivethinkingcancureyouofyourdiseasesB.positivethinkingcaneasilybegeneratedbyanyoneC.adeclineofhormonemaycauseyoutobedepressedD.aspecificchemicalreactionisthecauseofnegativethinking68.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingistrue?A.Feelingandthoughtscangenerateeachother.B.It'seasiertocontrolthoughtsthantocontrolfeelings.C.YoursuccessdependswhollyonyourattitudE.D.Keepingsmilingwillsurelymakeyousuccessful.69.Justlikeaone-eyedmaninthelandoftheblindyoushould.A.takepositiveattitudeintheofficeofmilitantnegativismB.bekinginyourofficeC.paynoattentiontowhatisgoingonaroundyouD.controlyourfeelingtowhatishappeningtoyou70.Thebesttitletothepassageis.A.theBadEffectofNegativeThinkingB.WhyShouldPeopleThinkC.PositiveThinkingBenefitsPeopleD.Thinking:TheVitalWay
Accordingtoafamousoptical光学expertAlexanderwhorecentlyvisitedShanghaithedevelopedcountriesinEuropeandAmericahavemaderulesthatchildrenmustwearresinous树脂glassesinsteadofthetraditionalglassesmadeofglass.Thisisbecausetheglassglassesaremorelikelytodoharmtochildren’seyesight.Alexanderpointedout:wearingtherightglassesassoonaspossibleisstillthebestwaytocureandputrightchildren’seyesightproblems.InAmericaandJapantheresinousglasseshavetakenup80percentoftheglassesmarket.AndsomeEuropeancountriesandAmericahavemadeitalawthatchildrenteenagersanddriversmustwearresinousglasses.Nowabout10millionchildreninChinahavedifferenteyesightproblemsandtheyneedtimelytreatment.Butstilltoomanyparentsarebuyingthetraditionalglassglassesfortheirchildren.Thisismainlybecausemanyparentsknowlittleornothingaboutthegoodpointsoftheresinousglasses.Besidesthepriceforthenewglassesisalittlehigherthanthetraditionalones.Thisnewsarticlemainlywantstotellus_______.A.AlexandervisitedChinaandintroducedanewtypeofglassesB.weshouldwearresinousglassesinsteadofglassglassesC.resinousglassesarepopularinEuropeandAmericaD.glassescanbemadeofothermaterialsinsteadofglassAccordingtoAlexanderthetimelytreatmenttoeyesightproblemsis_______.A.tostopwearingglassglassesanymoreB.tobuyapairofglassesandwearthemrightawayC.towearsuitableresinousglassesattherighttimeD.tobuyglassesmadeinEuropeJapanorAmericaifpossibleItcanbeinferredfromthisnewstextthat_______.A.resinousglassesarenotonsaleinChinayetB.resinousglassesarenotacceptableinChinaC.glassglasseshavedisappearedonwesternmarketbecausethereisalawagainstthemD.glassglassesarethefirstchoiceinChinanotonlybecauseoftheirprice
TheWorldHealthOrganizationraisedthepandemic流行病flualert警戒tosixthehighestlevelwhichmeansthattheH1N1swinefluisspreadingworld-widE.TheWHOwillaskallcountriesincludingthecountriesthathaven’tyetreportedanycasestomakeplanstocontrolthisdiseasE.Itwasreportedthatabout35000peopleinfectedwiththeH1N1virusin74countiesMargaretChananofficeroftheWHOsaidonThursday.FurtherspreadofthediseaseispossibleMsChansaiD.SofarWHOdoesn’texpectasuddenjumpinthenumberofseriousordeadcasesreporteD.InAustraliathenumberofpeoplewhogottheflubecamemorethanthreetimesasmanyasbeforeinthepastweekreaching1263onThursdaywhenthreenewoneswerereportedinthiscountry.ItrecordeditsfirstcaseofthediseaseonMay9.Australiatellsusnotbecauseofthenumberofcasesbutbecauseofthestrongfactsofcommunitytransmission群体性传播saidthespokesmanfortheWorldHealthOrganization.HesaidtheWHOisalsowatchingonsimilarevidenceintheUKSpainJapanandChilE.InHongKongthegovernmentonThursdayorderedthenurserieskindergartensandprimaryschoolstoclosefortwoweeksafteradozenstudentsatoneschooltestedpositiveforswineflu.ElsewhereinAsiahealthofficialsinThailandfound30newH1N1casesraisingthetotalthereto46.54.HowmanylevelsdoesWHOusetowarnpeopleagainstthepandemicflu?A.FivE.B.Six.C.Seven.D.Eight.55.WHOraisedthepandemicflualerttothehighestlevelbecause.A.allcountriesintheworldhavereporteddeadcasesB.thereisasuddenjumpinthenumberofcasesreportedC.thereisnomedicinetocurethisfluD.itisspreadingintheworld56.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.ThenumberofpeoplewhogotthefluhasdroppedslightlyinthepastweekinAustraliA.B.TheWHOaskthecountriesthathavereportedcasestomakeplanstocontrolthediseasE.C.Thenumberofpeoplewhogottheflureachedmorethan1000inAustraliaonThursday.D.TheHongKonggovernmentorderedallschoolstoclosefortwoweeksonThursday.57.Thispassagemainlytellsussomethingabout.A.WHO’sraisingthepandemicflualertB.howtopreventthiskindoffluC.peoplewhogotthepandemicfluD.thewaystoavoidtheseriouspandemicflu
Thefollowingpassageisahealthyprescription处方ofhowwecanapproachlifE.Itisnotaboutbeingfamousorbeingwealthyoraboutourgoodlooks.TrulyitisallaboutlovE.Therearetimeswhenwefeelasifweareseparatedfromtherest.Thisfeelingcreatesamentalprison.Thereforeweshouldtrytoworkhardtointernally内在地liberateourselvesbywideningourcircleofpitytoacceptalllivingthings.OpenyourhearttoothersandtrytounderstandWhensomeonereachesforyouholdouttothemyourhandFollowyourheartnomatterwhatotherpeoplesayDothingsthatmakeyouabletosmilethroughoutyourdayTreatotherpeoplethewayyouwouldlikethemtotreatyouDowhatyouknowisrightandtoyourheartandselfstaytrueRememberwhatlifeisallaboutitishowyoumakepeoplefeelWhatyoudowhereyougoandmakingdreamsbecomerealHelpingpeoplethroughinhardtimesofpainandstrifeWhatyoudoforothersiswhatisimportantinthislifE.Lookdeeperanddon’tjudgepeoplebywhatisontheoutsideItiswhatisinsidethatcountsandwhatpeopleoftenhideCarehelplovebehonestandbekindWithpurityandgoodnesswithinyourselfitishappinessyouwillfinD.Doallyoucaninthetimeyouhaveyouwon’talwaysbearoundRecapturethejoyoflittlethingsthatoncewereeasilyfoundAndifyoucandoallthisandlivealifeofloveYouwillbehelpedthroughlifebyallthoseupabovE.IwillleaveyouwiththeinspiringwordsofourlategeniusAlbertEinstein:TherearetwowaystolivelifE.Oneisasthoughnothingisamiracle奇迹.TheotherisasthougheverythingisamiraclE.60.Thepassageismainlyabout______.A.livingalifeofloveB.helpingthoseinneedC.takingbackthejoyoflifeD.separatingourselvesfromothers61.Accordingtothepassagewhichstatementistrue?A.TreatingothersthewayotherstreatyouisrightforyourlifE.B.MakingyourdreambecomerealisselfishinyourlifE.C.Judgingpeoplebywhatisinsidecounts.D.Doingwhatyoucanmakesyourselfhappy.62.Theunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeans_________.A.DifferentwaysoflifeleadtocompletelydifferentresultsB.LifeisnotalwaysfullofmiraclesC.TherearetwokindsofmiraclesinlifeD.Lookingformiraclesinlifehelpspeoplefindhappiness
Zinc锌isoneofabout20elementsnecessaryforgoodhealth.Itispresentinthebodyinaverysmallamountbutmakesitpossibleforimportantchemicalactionstobecarriedoutincells.Scientistsarejustbeginningtodiscoverhowzincandotherelementswork.Researchersfirststudiedzincasawaytospeedrecovery.Dr.WaltorPowysformerlywiththeUnitedStatesAirForcenotedthatthelaboratoryanimalsrecoveredfasterwhensomematterswereaddedtotheirfooD.OneofthesematterswaszinC.Dr.PowyslatertestedthezinctreatmentonanAmericanairmanrecoveringfrommedicaloperations.Theairmanwhoreceivedzincsulphate硫酸盐recoveredinhalfoftheusualtimE.Otherdoctorsstudiedpersonswhohadanumberofstrangedisorders.Thedoctorslearnedthatalloftheseproblemswerecausedbylackofzincinthebody.TheytreatedthesedisorderssuccessfullybygivingthepatientszincsulphatE.Theamountofzincinthebodycanbefoundbyexaminingbloodandhair.A.lackofthisimportantelementisnotuncommonamongpeopleinbothindustrialanddevelopingcountries.Zincisfoundinmosthighprotein蛋白质foodssuchasmeatmilkfishandeggs.Itisalsofoundinwholegrains.ButmanypeopledonoteatenoughofthesefooD.Foodmarketsshouldaddtheseelementssothatmorepeoplecouldgetneededamountofthesenecessarymatters.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Scientistsfoundhowzincworksalongtimeago.B.Peopleneedalargeamountofzinctobehealthy.C.Zincallowsimportantchemicalactionstotakeplaceincells.D.Zincmustbeusedinthecourseofmedicaloperation.Oneoftheresultsfromthestudyofzincisthat_______.A.there’sonlyalittlezincinthehumanbodyB.foodrichinproteincontainsmorezincC.somephysicalproblemsarecausedbylackofzincD.anypatientwhoreceiveszincsulphategetswellimmediatelyThebesttitleforthepassagemaybe_______.A.A.NewDiscoveryB.ZincandHealthC.HowZincWorksD.AddZinctoYourFood
Exchangeaglancewithsomeoneandthenlookaway.Doyourealizethatyouhavemadeastatement?Holdtheglanceforasecondlongerandyouhavemadeadifferentstatement.Holditfor3secondsandthemeaninghaschangedagain.Foreverysocialsituationthereisapermissibletimethatyoucanholdaperson’sstarewithoutbeingfriendlyrudeoraggressivE.Ifyouareonaliftwhatstare-timeareyoupermitted?Toanswerthisquestionconsiderwhatyoutypicallydo.Youverylikelygiveotherpassengersaquickglancetosizethemupandtoassurethemthatyoumeannoharm.SincebeingclosetoanotherpersonsignalsthepossibilityofinteractionyouneedtosendoutasignaltellingothersyouwanttobeleftalonE.Soyoucutoffeyecontacts.ThatiswhatsociologistErvingGoffimancallsadimmingofthelights.Youlookdownatthefloorattheindicatorlightsanywherebutintoanotherpassenger’seyes.Shouldyoubreaktheruleagainststaringatastrangeronaliftyouwillmaketheotherpersonextremelyuncomfortableandyouarelikelytofeelabitstrangeyourself.Ifyouholdeyecontactsformorethan3secondswhatareyoutellinganotherperson?Muchdependsonthepersonandthesituation.Forinstanceamanandawomancommunicateinterestinthismanner.Theystareateachotherforabout3secondsatatimeandthendroptheireyesdownfor3secondsbeforelettingtheireyesmeetagain.Butifonemangivesanothermana3-second-plusstarehesignalsIknowyouIaminterestedinyouorYoulookpeculiarandIamcuriousaboutyou.Thistypeofstareoftenproduceshostilefeelings.60.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthat______.A.everyglancehasitssignificanceB.aglancecarriesmoremeaningthanwordsC.astarelongerthan3secondsisunacceptableD.staringatapersonisanexpressionofinterest61.Ifyouwanttobeleftaloneonaliftthebestthingtodois______.A.tolookintoanotherpassenger’seyesB.tokeepadistancefromotherpassengersC.toavoideyecontactswithotherpassengersD.tosignalyoudon’tmeantodoharmtoanyone62.ByadimmingofthelightsErvingGoffimanmeans______.A.closingone’seyesB.turningoffthelightsC.stoppingglancingatothersD.reducingstare-timetotheminimum63.Thepassagemainlydiscusses______.A.thelimitationsofeyecontactsB.theexchangeofideasthrougheyecontactsC.properbehaviorindifferentsituationsinpeople’sdailylifeD.theroleofeyecontactsincommunicationbetweenpeople
第二部分阅读理解共25小题第一节每小题2分第二节每小题1分满分45分第一节阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑EAnxietyistheappropriateemotionwhentheimmediatepersonalterror—ofavolcanoanarrowastab刺伤inthebackandotherdisasters—isdirectedagainstone’sself–disappears.Thekindofwordthatproducesanxietyisactuallyaworldofrelativesafetyaworldinwhichnoonefeelsthathehimselfisfacingsuddendeath.Theanxietyexistsasanuneasystateofmindinwhichonehasafeelingthatsomethingunspecified不具体的andindeterminablemaygowrong.Iftheworldseemstobegoingwellthisproducesanxiety—forgoodtimesmayenD.Iftheworldisgoingbadly—itmaygetworsE.Anxietytendstobewithoutfocustheanxiouspersondoesn’tknowwhethertoblamehimselforotherpeoplE.Heisn’tsurewhetheritisachangeinclimateortheatombombthatistoblameforthisunclearsenseofuneasE.Itisclearthatwehavedevelopedasocietywhichdependsonhavingtherightamountofanxietytomakeitwork.Whileweagreethattoomuchanxietyisharmfultomentalhealthwehavecometorelyonanxietytopushusintoseeingadoctoraboutasymptom症状whichmayindicatecancerintocheckinguponthatoldlife–insurancepolicywhichmayhaveout–of–dateprovisionsinitintohavingaconferencewithBill’steachereventhoughhisreportcardlooksallright.Peoplewhoareanxiousenoughkeeptheircarinsuranceuphavethebrakescheckedanddon’ttakeaseconddrinkwhentheyhavetodrivE.Peoplewhoaretooanxiouseitherrefusetogointocarsatallordrivesotenselythattheyhelpcauseaccidents.Peoplewhoaren’tanxiousenoughtakechanceafterchancewhichincreasestheterribleaccidentsoftheroads.Intheworldthatproducesanxiety_____.A.peoplehavesuddenuneasinessB.everythinggoeswellC.peopleareclearabouttheirlifeD.dangerisalmosteverywhereTheauthorholdsthat_____.A.anxietyisagoodthingB.anxietyisasymptomofmentalillnessC.someanxietycanleadtochangesforthebetterD.noanxietyisbadforsocietyAccidentsoftheroadtendtobecausedby_____.A.allthosewhoaretooanxiousB.allthosewhohaveanxietyC.thosewhohavenoanxietyD.thosewhoarenotanxiousenoughThebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe_____.A.AnxietyB.TheRightAmountofAnxietyC.AnxietyVsSafetyD.DifferentAttitudestoAnxiety
Doesadrinkadaykeepheartattacksaway?Overthepast20yearsnumerousstudieshavefoundthatmoderatealcoholconsumptionsayoneortwobeersglassesofwineorcocktailsdailyhelpstopreventcoronaryheartdiseasE.LastweekareportintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineaddedstrongnewevidenceinsuportofthattheory.Moreimportanttheworkprovidedthefirstsolidindictionofhowalcoholworkstoprotecttheheart.InthestudyresearchersfromBoston’sBrighamandWomen’sHospitalandHarvardMedicalSchoolcomparedthedrinkinghabitsof340menandwomenwhohadsufferedrecentheartattackwiththoseofhealthypeopleofthesameageandsex.ThescientistsfoundthatpeoplewhosiponetothreedrinksadayareabouthalfaslikelytosufferheartattacksasnondrinkersarE.Theapparentsourceoftheprotection:thosewhodrankalcoholhadhigherbloodlevelsofhighdensitylipoproteinsthesocalledgoodcholesterolwhichisknowntopreventheartdiseasE.Asevidencehasmountedsomedoctorshavebegunrecommendingadailydrinkforpatientsofheartdiseases.ButmostphysiciansarenotreadytoreommendaregularhappyhourforeveryonE.Therisksofteetotalling绝对戒酒arenothingcomparedwiththedangersoftoomuchalcoholincludinghighbloodpressurestrokesandlivertroubles—nottomentionviolentbehaviourandtrafficaccidents.Moreoversomestudiessuggestthatevenmoderatedrinkingmayincreasetheincidenceofbreastandcoloncancer.Untilthereisevidencethatthebenefitsofadailydoseofalcoholoutweightherisksmostpeoplewon’tbeabletotakeadoctor’sprescriptiontotheneighbourhoodbarorliquorstorE.1.Themedicalarticlequotedinthefirstparagraphindicates.thewayinwhichalcoholcanhelpthehearthowacoupleofcocktailsdailycanstopheartproblemswhyalcoholicdrinksaredangeroustoone’shealththatreportsontheadvantagesofalcoholweremisled2.Experimentsshowedthatnondrinkershad.A.largeramountsofgoodcholesterolB.smalleramountsofgoodcholesterolC.higherbloodpressureD.lowerbloodpressure3.Accordingtothepassagemoderatedrinking.isrecommendedbymostdoctorsforheartpatientsshouldbeallowedonprescriptionisstillnotmedicallyadvisableisnotrelatedtoliverproblems4.Themainthemeofthispassageis.thechangeinrecentdrinkinghabitstheconnectionbetweencancerandalcoholwhethermoderatedrinkersoutlivenondrinkerswhetheralcoholmaybegoodforone’shealth
Formanypeoplethereisonlyonegoodreasontogotoanamusementpark:therollercoaster.ButwhydoPeoplegoonrollercoasters?Whereelseintheworldcanyouscreamatthetopofyourlungsandthrowyourarmsintheair?FrankFarleyasks.Ifyoudidthatinmostotherplacesthey'dtakeyoutoyourparentsandprobablyputyouthroughapsychologicalevaluation心理检查.FarleyisapsychologistatTempleUniversityinPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniA.RollercoastersareoftenattractivetokidswhoselivesarestressfulorcontrolleD.Rollercoastersareawayofbreakingoutofthehumdrum单调ofeverydaylifE.YoucanletitallgoandscreamandshoutordowhateveryouwantFarleysays.Ithasbeenprovedthatmanyadultsfeelthesameway.ComparedwithskateboardingextrememountainbikingandotheradventuresportsridingrollercoastersissafE.Parentsusuallydon'tmindwhenkidsgooncoasters.Rollercoastersalsohaveawayofbringingpeopletogether.RiderssharethethrillandadventureofsurvivingwhatfeelslikeanextremeexperiencE.Whetheryouliketoridearollercoastermaydependonyourpersonality.Psychologistssaythatthereisacertaintypeofpersonthatnaturallyseeksoutextremeexperiences.Theyenjoythingslikechangevarietyandintensity强度saysFarley.Thesepeopleareactuallyattractedtothrills.HedescribessuchpeopleashavingType-TpersonalitiesTstandsforthrill.HealsobelievesthatthesethrillseekersaremoreadventurousandcreativethanotherpeoplE.AlbertEinsteinwasaTypeT.Ifnobodylikedtoseekstimulation刺激hearguesthehumanracewouldn'tbewhereitistoday.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thedisadvantagesofrollercoasters.B.Thecharacteristicsofrollercoasters.C.Whymanypeopleenjoyrollercoasters.D.Howpeopleactwhenridingrollercoasters.2.AccordingtoFarleywhatwillmostpeoplefeelafterridingarollercoaster?A.ScareD.B.Confident.C.Nervous.D.RelaxeD.3.IfapersonisaTypeTheseemsto.A.enjoyadventuresportsB.dislikeridingrollercoastersC.likepopularsportsD.workwellwithothers4.AccordingtoFarleytooursocietypeoplewithType-Tpersonalitiesare__A.dangerousB.importantC.uselessD.harmful
Fouroutoftenwomenwhodietendupheavierthanwhentheystartedwatchingtheirwaistline腰围astudyrevealedtoday.Theresearchalsoshowedthatalargepercentageofwomenstartnoticingthepoundscreepingbackonjust21daysafterreachingtheiridealweight.YesterdayDrIanCampbelloftheJennyCraigweightmanagementprogramsaid:'IntheUK61.4percentofadultsareoverweightorobesE.Successfulweightmanagementrequiresalong-termcommitmentinordertoloseweightsuccessfullyandforgooD.Dietingcanbearealchallengesosettingrealisticgoalsandremainingfocusedonthemisimportant.OtherwiseasthisresearchshowswomencouldendupheavierthanwhentheystarteD.'The'Food:Body:Mind'reportwaspublicizedbyJennyCraigwhoquizzed2000womenagedbetween18and65whodietregularlyontheirattitudesbeliefsandbehaviorsaroundweightloss.Sixintensaidtheyarecurrentlyonadietandoneinfivewomensaidtheyareona'continuousdiet'.Itfoundthemostcommontriggerstostartdietingwasseeingtheir'reflectioninthemirror'preparingforasummerholidayorunflatteringphotospostedonsocialnetworkingsites.Otherpopularreasonsincludecommentsbyfriendsorrelativesortheirotherhalf.HoweverthestudyshowedthatoneintengiveupwithinonedaywhilealmostafifthmanagetomakeittoaweekormorE.Theaverageistendays.Manyblamedpressuretheyputonthemselvestoloseweighttooquicklyfortheweightgainwhichleavesthemwithabiggerappetitethannormal.Othersblamedcolleagueswhotuckintofattylunchesandsnacksunawareoftheeffectithasonthedieterwhilemotherswhopolishofftheirchildren'sleftoverswasanothercommoncauseofweightgain.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthisarticle?A.ThreereasonstofailindietingB.ImportantthingsforsuccessfuldietC.FourintenwomengainweightondietsD.Obesity:problemfor61.4%adultsinUKIntheUKwomenwhogoonadiet__________.A.arealloverweightorobeseB.allfailbecausetheyarenotpersistentenoughC.arelikelytogainweightagainafterreachingtheiridealweightD.endupheavierthanwhentheystarttodietTheunderlinedwordtriggersinParagraph4probablymeans_________.A.effectsB.causesC.examplesD.imaginationWhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhymanypeoplequitdietingverysoon?A.Thepressuretheyputonthemselvestoloseweightquickly.B.Colleagueswhogivethemfattylunchesandsnacks.C.Leftoversofchildren’stakenbytheirmothers.D.Reflectionstheyseeinthemirror.
ApparentlywearesafeneitherathomenorinthebusinessofficE.Weusewaterinbothplacesbuttheresearchshowsthatchemicalsaddedtoourlocalwatersupplytokillharmfulbacteriacanhaveunwantedsideeffects.Thesechemicalscancausepotentialharmthroughdrinkingandinseeminglyharmlessactivitiesascleaningone’shousE.Theyarereleasedsetfreefromwaterbydailyactionslikewaterrunningoutoftapsprayingfromgardenpipesorsplashingindishwashersandwashingmachines.Asthewaterismoving.thesechemicalsarereleasedintotheairandthenbreathedin.Onceinsideourbodiestheystarttoaffectourhealth.Doesthismeanweshouldstopbathing?NosaythescientistsbutweshouldputallpollutionintoperspectivE.ActivitiesathomesuchastheburningofcoalcookingoilorevencandlesreleasecarbonmonoxideandparticulatessuchascigaretteasheswhichhavebeenprovenasharmfultohealthasworkingorlivingnearheavytraffiC.Newtugsbeddingandevenclothinggiveoffthatnewsmellwhichisasuresignofchemicals.Intheofficenewlyappliedpaintnewlypurchasedtelephonesandothertelecommunicationsequipmentandcomputersreleasepollutingchemicalstoo.Asofficesandhomesoftenhaveinadequateventilation通风thesechemicalscanbuilduptobecomehealthproblems.TheirpoisonouseffectsareonlynowbeingslowlyrecognizeD.Thesefactssuggestthatataminimumproperairingofnewlypurchasedgoodswithanobviouschemicalsmellisawisewarning.Homeandofficewindowsshouldbeopenedduringgoodweather.Evenone’scarneedstobeventilatedaswellwhileinthegaragE.Weneedfurtherresearchtounderstandbetterotherpotentialhealthdangerstoo.Forexampletheeffectsofovercrowdingofschoolscarbondioxidebuild-upthefactoryworkenvironmentanendlesslistofpotentiallydangeroussubstancesandevenhomeheatingandcoolingtheairconditionermaybeourenemiesnotourfriendshaveonlyrecentlystartedtocometolight.UntilweunderstandtheeffectsofournewtechnologicalenvironmentbetterwecanonlyhopethatthereisnoplacelikehomE.64.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.Theairwebreatheinisharmful.B.ThewaterineverydayuseisunsafE.C.Chemicalsareaddedtothedrinkingwater.D.Chemicalsarereleasedintherunningwater.65.InParagraph2theunderlinedsentencemeansthat.A.bathingshouldbedonewithcautionB.homesandofficesshouldbeairedoftenC.anypollutionshouldbetakenintoconsiderationD.weshouldpreventanypollutionfromdoingharmtous66.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tocallonustoguardourwater.B.ToshowusthatnoplaceislikehomE.C.Tomakeusawareofthepollutionaroundus.D.ToarguethatneitherhomesnorofficesaresafE.
EAlthoughwealreadyknowagreatdealaboutfluandalthoughtheWorldHealthOrganizationisconstantlycollectingdetailedinformationfromitschainofflureferencelaboratoriesthroughouttheworlditisextremelydifficultforepidemiologistswhostudyinfectiousdiseasestopredictwhenandwherethenextfluepidemicwilloccurandhowseriousitwillbE.TherearethreekindsoffluvirusknownasAB.andC.FluC.virusisrelativelystableandcausesmildinfectionsthatdonotspreadfarthroughthepopulation.TheA.andB.typesareunstableandareresponsiblefortheepidemicsthatcausefrequentconcern.Followinganyvirusattackthehumanbodybuildsupantibodies抗体whichcanbechangedintoimmunitytothattypeofvirusbutaviruswiththeabilitytochangeitscharacterisabletobypassthisprotection.Variability可变性islessdevelopedinthefluB.viruswhichaffectsonlyhumanbeings.FluB.virusmaycauseawidespreadepidemicbutwillhavelittleeffectifintroducedintothesamecommunitysoonafterwardssincenearlyeveryonewillhavebuiltupantibodiesandwillbeimmunE.ThefluA.viruswhichaffectsanimalsalsoisextremelyunstableandisresponsibleforsomeoftheworstoutbreaksofthediseasesuchastheworldepidemicof1918and1919whenabouthalftheworld’spopulationwereinfectedandabouttwentymillionpeoplediedsomefrompneumoniacausedbythevirusitselfandsomefromsecondarycomplicationcausedbybacteriA.Accuratepredictionisdifficultbecauseofthecomplicationofthefactors.A.particularvirusmayberelatedtoonetowhichsomeofthepopulationhavepartialinvolvedimmunity.Theextenttowhichitwillspreadwilldependonfactorssuchasitsownstrengthorvirulence病毒性theeasewithwhichitcanbetransmittedandthestrengthoftheoppositionitencounters遇到.Scientistshoweverhaveareliablegeneralpictureoftheworldsituation.72.Whichofthefollowingisthemostappropriatetitleforthepassage?A.SymptomsofFluB.ManVSFluVirusC.WHO:TheMajorOrganizationagainstFluVirusD.VariabilityofFluVirus73.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutthefluB.virus?A.B.Virusisrelativelystableandcausesmildinfectionsthatdonotspreadfarthroughthepopulation.B.B.Virusisunstableandisresponsiblefortheepidemicsthatcausefrequentconcern.C.B.virusisextremelyunstableandisresponsibleforsomeoftheworstoutbreaksofthediseasE.D.B.virushasaverydevelopedvariabilityanditaffectsonlyhumanbeings.74.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafactorcontributingtotheextenttowhichavirusspreads?A.Thestrengthofthevirus.B.TheeasewithwhichtheviruscanbetransmitteD.C.Thestrengthoftheopposition.D.Theimmunitytheviruscanbringabout.75.Thisarticleisquiteprobably________.A.apieceofnewsB.aspecialsciencereportC.anintroductiontoadiseaseD.ascientificfiction
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