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第三部分 阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Why did the chicken cro...
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第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分共40分LiveMusic—LateNightJazzEnjoy
第二部分英语知识运用共两节满分45分第一节单项填空共15小题每小题1分满分15分21.—Whatdo
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第二部分英语知识运用共两节满分30分第一节单项填空共15小题;每小题1分满分15分16.—Manag
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第三部分写作共三节满分25分第一节单词拼写共5小题每小题1分满分5分56.The_____大多数we
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第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C和D中选出最
第二部分英语知识运用共三节满分45分第一节语法和词汇知识共15小题每小题1分满分15分16.____
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第二部分:英语知识运用共两小节满分45分第一节:语法和词汇知识共15小题;每小题1分满分15分You
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第二部分英语知识运用共三节满分50分第一节语法和词汇知识共15小题每小题1分满分15分16.Thec
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Everyhumanbeinghasaunique①arrangementoftheskinonhisfingersandthisarrangementisunchangeablE.Scientistsandexpertshaveprovedtheuniquenessoffinger-printsanddiscoveredthatnoexactlysimilarpatternispassedonfromparentstochildrenthoughnobodyknowswhythisisthecasE.Theridgestructureonaperson’sfingersdoesnotchangewithgrowthandisnotaffectedbysurfaceinjuries.Burnscutsandotherdamagetotheouterpartoftheskinwillbereplacedintimebynewonewhichbearsareproductionoftheoriginal②pattern.ItisonlywhentheinnerskinisinjuredthatthearrangementwillbedestroyeD.Somecriminalsmakeuseofthisfacttoremovetheirownfinger-printsbutthisisadangerousandraresteptotakE.Finger-printscanbemadeveryeasilywithprinter’sink.Theycanbyrecordedeasily.Withspecialmethodsidentification③canbeachievedsuccessfullywithinashorttimE.Becauseofthesimplicityandeconomyofthissystemfinger-printshaveoftenbeenusedasamethodofsolvingcriminalcasE.A.suspectedmanmaydenyachargebutthismaybeinvain.Hisfinger-printscanprovewhoheisevenifhisappearancehasbeenchangedbyageoraccident.Whenasuspectleavesfinger-printsbehindatthesceneofacrimetheyaredifficulttodetectwiththenakedeyE.Specialtechniquesareusedtodevelopthem.SomeofthemarksfoundareincompletebutidentificationispossibleifaprintofaquarterofaninchsquarecanbeobtaineD.Notes:uniqueadj.唯一的独特的originaladj.最初的原始的identificationn.辩认鉴定Scientistsandexpertshaveprovedthatthepatternofahumanbeing’sfingerskin________.A.issimilartohismother’sB.isvaluabletohimselfonlyC.islikethatofotherswiththesametypeofbloodD.isdifferentfromthatofallothersIfyourfingersarewoundedbyknifefireorothermeansthestructureofskinwill________.A.bechangedpartlyB.bereplacedbyadifferentoneC.bethesamewhenthewoundisrecoveredD.becomeuglySomecriminalsremovetheirownfinger-printsby________.A.usingprinter’sinkB.injuringtheinnerskinC.damagingtheouterskinD.damagingthecolourFinger-printshaveoftenbeenusedasamethodofsolvingcriminalcasebecauseit________.A.iscomplicatedbutreliableB.issimpleandnotexpensiveC.isexpensivebuteasytodoD.canbringalotofmoney
A.mobilephoneisnolongerjustaphone--itisalsoamusicplayervideocameraandpersonalorganizer.Andmobilephoneswithtelevisionprogrammingarejustaroundthecorner.Butthemorefunctionscellphonemanufacturersaddthegreatertheamountofpowerthephonesuseandthelesspracticalrunningthemonlithium锂batteriesbecomes--sotheracetofindaviablealternativeison.Twooftheworld'sbiggestelectronicsmakersHitachiandToshibaarecurrentlycompetingagainsteachothertocomeupwithanalternativemostlikelytobemicrofuelcells.ThetaskhasbeensetbyJapan'ssecondlargestmobilephoneproviderKDDIwhichwantsitscustomerstosoonbeabletousespecialtelevisionprogrammingontheirhandsetsandhasaskedthetwoelectronicscompaniestocomeupwithabetterpowersourcE.HitomiMurakamiofKDDIsaysbattery-operatedmobilephonescannotkeepupwiththenewapplications.We'relookingatvariouswaystoexpandcontentandservicesthatwecanprovidetothepeoplE.Andwedon'twanttohavebatteryissuesdelayingusfromdoingthathesays.Hitachi'sAtsushiMoriharasaysitisacriticalraceforbothofthecompaniesastheresultingproductwillhaveamajorimpactonthemobilemarketinthefuturE.Weareincompetitionandit'suptobothofustocomeupwithagoodproduct.A.productthatwillsatisfyKDDI'sneeds.IthinkIcangoasfartosaythatthewinnerwilltakeall.Miniaturizeddirectmethanol甲醇fuelcellsaredifferentbatteriesinthattheycreatepowerinsteadofsimplystoringit.Thatpowerismadebynewtechnologyutilizingcheapmethanol.Ifallgeestoplancome2007Japanesephoneuserswillnotuseanelectricchargertopowertheirmobilestheywillinsteadcarryasmallbottleofmethanolandwithjustafewsquirtstheywillhavepowerfortheirphones.Butthemethodhasitsdownsidesincludinghowpassengerswillbeabletotakesmallmountsofflammablemethanolonairliners.FumioUenoofToshibasaysthatoncedevelopedtheusesofminiaturizeddirectmethanolfuelcellshaveendlesspossibilities.Thelithiumbatteriesarebecomingimproperforthecellphonebecause______.A.thereisatelevisioninthephoneCitisinconvenienttouseB.itcan'tprovideenoughpowerDpeoplehavefoundsubstitutesAccordingtothepassageToshiba______.A.isincriticalcompetitionwithKDDIB.willprobablybeatitsrivalC.attachesgreatimportancetomethanolfuelD.isoneofthelargestbatteryproviderWhichofthefollowingisNOTthecharacteristicofmethanolfuel?A.EasytocatchfirE.CPortablE.B.InexpensivE.DAvailableeverywherE.Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.A.Searchforbetterphonepower.B.Developmentofcellphonebattery.C.Competitionbetweentwoelectronicfirms.D.Advantageanddisadvantageofmethanolfuel.
ScientistshavelearnedalotaboutthekindsoffoodpeopleneeD.Theysaythatthereareseveralkindsoffoodthatpeopleshouldeateveryday.Theyare:1greenandyellowvegetablesofallkinds;2citrus柑橘fruitsandtomatoes;3potatoesandotherfruitsandvegetables;4meatofallkindsfishandeggs;5milkandfoodsmadefrommilk;6breadorcereal谷物riceisalsointhiskindoffoods;7Butterorsomethinglikebutter.Peopleindifferentcountriesanddifferentplacesoftheworldeatdifferentkindsofthings.Foodsarecookedandeateninmanydifferentkindsofways.Peopleindifferentcountrieseatatdifferenttimesoftheday.Insomeplacespeopleeatonceortwiceaday;inothercountriespeopleeatthreeorfourtimesaday.Scientistssaythatnoneofthedifferencesisreallyimportant.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetherfoodsareeatenraworcookedcannedorfrozen.Itdoesn’tmatterifapersoneatsdinnerat4o’clockintheafternoonorateleveno’clockatnight.Theimportantthingiswhatyoueateveryday.Therearetwoproblemstheninfeedingthelargenumberofpeopleonearth.Thefirstthingistofindsomewaystofeedtheworld’spopulationsothatnooneishungry.Thesecondistomakesurethatpeopleeverywherehavetherightkindoffoodtomakethemgrowtobestrongandhealthy.Accordingtothescientistswhichofthefollowinggroupsoffoodisthehealthiestforyourlunch?A.chickenapplescerealcabbages.B.potatoescarrotsricebreaD.C.orangesbananasfishtomatoes.D.beefporkfishmilkItisimportantforpeopletoeat__________.A.threetimesadayB.dinnerattwelveo’clockC.cookedfoodallthedayD.somethingfromeachofthesevenkindsoffoodeveryday.Peopleindifferentcountriesanddifferentplacesoftheworld________________.A.havetherightkindsoffoodtoeatB.cooktheirfoodinthesamewayC.havetheirmealsatthesametimeD.eatfoodindifferentways.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Peopleinsomeplacesdon’thaveenoughtoeat.B.TherearetoomanypeopleintheworlD.C.Oneoftheproblemsisthatnooneishungry.D.Thescientistsaretryingtomakepeopleegrowtobestrongandhealthy.Ifthereisparagraph4whatdoyouthinkisgoingtobetalkedabout?A.Whenpeopleeattheirlunch.B.Whattodowiththetwoproblems.C.Howtocookfoodindifferentways.D.WhypeopleeatdifferentkindsoffooD.
Electronicwasteore-wastereferstoelectronicproductsthatarenolongerusablE.ThiscanincludeTVscellphonesandcomputersandotherofficeelectronicselectronictoysandvideosmachines.Todaytheaverageturnover更换rateforacomputerintheUnitedStatesiseverytwoyearsaccordingtotheenvironmentalgroupGreenpeacE.Thegroup'sDaiYunsayse-wasteisaglobalproblem.TheelectronicindustryisoneofthefastestgrowingindustriesintheworlD.Thehighspeedofgrowthinthisindustrymeansmoreandmoreelectronicproductsarebeingwastedandthrownaway.IfnoonedecidestoretrievetheoldproductsandprocessthemproperlytheelectronicwastewillsweepovertheearthlikethehugewavebehindmeandpollutetheEarthseriously.Greenpeaceworksoutthat20to50milliontonsofe-wasteareproducedgloballyeachyear.Thecomponents部件inmanyelectronicproductscontainharmfulchemicalsthatpollutegroundwaterandtheenvironment.AtpresenttheU.S.hasnofederallawforthedisposal处理ofe-wastealthoughafewstateshavee-wasterecyclingprogramsinplacebutthereisnolaw.TheU.S.exportsmuchofitse-wastetothirdworldcountriessuchasIndiaandChinawhereworkerstookapartcomputersforvaluablepartshopingtosellthemformoney.ButharmfulwastesexpertDr.BakulRaosaysthat'sadangerouspracticE.FromnowontherecyclersarenotveryeducateD.Alltheyknowistheycanretrievecopperorgoldoutofit.Sotheeasiestwaytodothatisleach过滤itoutinanacidorburnitofftoretrieveit.Sothat'swheretheydon'tknowhowtodealwithitneitherdotheyhaveanyhealthsystemsinplacE.SotheirexposureismorE.Whichofthefollowingismostlikelynottobeaformofe-waste?A.A.mobilephoneB.A.radioC.Ane-bikeD.A.tableWhatdoestheunderlinedwordretrieveparagraph2probablymean?A.lookintoB.takeapartC.getbackD.throwawayWhatofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassageA.TheU.S.hasstrictnationallawsfordealingwithe-wastE.B.Thirdworldcountriesimporte-wastetogetvaluablepartswhichisasafeandeasywaytomakemoney.C.Thewayuneducatedworkersdealwitholdcomputersdoesgreatharmtotheenvironmentaswellastotheirownhealth.D.Moreandmoreelectronicwasteisbeingwastedandthrownawaymainlybecauseofpeople'sbadhabits.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toattractmorepeople'sattentiontoe-wastE.B.Tocallonpeoplenottothrowawaye-wasteanywherE.C.Totellpeoplewhate-wasteisandhowtodealwithitwell.D.Towarnpeopletobreakawayfromtheelectronicindustry.Thenextparagraphprobablyconcerns_______.A.howtodealwithe-wasteproperlyB.howtoprotectourselvesfromharmbye-wasteC.HowtoslowdownthedevelopmentintheelectronicindustryD.howtomakefulluseofe-waste
Thecoyote丛林狼thatcleveranimalofwide-openspaceshascometothenation’scaptial.InfactcoyoteshavespreadtoeverycorneroftheUnitedStateschangingtheirbehaviorstofitnewenvironmentsandcausingresearcherstodealwithatroublesomenewkindofcreature:thecitycoyotE.Thecoyoteoriginallylivedinthemiddleofthecontinent.Oneofitsmostobviouscharactersisitssmartnesswhichhasmadetheanimalanotorious臭名昭著的pest.Hunterstrappedshotandpoisonedmorethanamillioncoyotesinthe1900s.It’sstilloneofAmerica’smosthuntedanimals.YetthecoyotehassurviveD.Howhasthecoyoteshownthisextraordinaryability?Iguessifyouwantedtouseonewordit’dbe‘plasticity’.saysErieGeseanexpertatUtahStateUniversity.Coyotescanlivealoneinpairsorinlargepackslikewolveshuntatnightorduringthedayoccupyasmallregionoranareaupto40squaremiles;andliveonallsortsoffoodfromlizards蜥蜴andshoestoantsandmelons.UnbelievablypeoplehelpedcoyotesincreasewhentheykilledmostofthewolvesintheUnitedStates.Thespreadingofcoyotesintocityareasthough.isrecent.Theytravelatnightcrossingsidewalksandbridges.runningalongroadsandduckingintoculverts钻入涵洞andunderpassces.Nooneknowswhycoyotesaremovingintocitiesbutexpertsexplainthatcleverermorehuman-tolerant不怕人的coyotesareteachingurbansurvivalskillstonewgenerations.Occasionally.coyotesmightattackhumanbeings.Therehavebeenabout160attacksonpeopleinrecentyearsThereforepeoplehavebeenconsistentlytoldnottofeedcoyotesorleavepetfoodunsecureD.Thatplusalargetrappingprogramintheneighborhoodhascutdownonthecoyotepopulation.63.TheunderlinedwordplasticityinParagraph2refersto____________.A.theabilitytofittheenvironmentB.notorioussmartnessC.huntingabilityD.beinghuman-tolerant64.Theaimofthepassageisto_____________.A.tellpeoplehowtofightagainstcoyotesB.telluswhythecoyoteisthemosthuntedanimalC.supplythereasonwhythecoyoteisakindofmotoriouspestD.explainhowthecoyotehasspreadtoandsurvivedincities65.Accordingtothepassagecoyotes__________.A.originallylivedinthewestofthecontinentB.sleepduringthedaybutlookforfoodatnightC.areteachingsurvivalskillstotheiryoungergenerationsD.sufferedapopulationdecreasebecausepeoplekilledwolves66.Accordingtothepassagetocutdownonthecoyotepopulationpeopleareadvisedto_______.A.leavepetfoodsecuredB.keepcoyotesinsmallregionsC.forcecoyotestolivealoneD.avoidusingtrappingprograms
Steppingintoapoolofwateriscommonenoughbutwhocouldeverimaginesteppingintoapooloffish?InFebruaryof1974BillTappanAustralianfarmersawarainoffishthatcoveredhisfarm.Howsurprisedhemusthavebeenwhenheheardmanyfishhittingagainsthisroof!Whatcausedthisstrangeoccurrence?Thisisaquestionthathadlongpuzzledpeoplewhostudyfish.Theanswerturnedouttobeacombinationofwindandstorm.WhenitisspringinthenorthernpartoftheworlditisfallinAustraliA.ThroughouttheautumnseasonterriblestormsariseandrainsfloodthelanD.ThestrongwindssweepoverAustralialikehugevacuumcleanerscollectingseaweedpiecesofwoodandevenschoolsoffish.StrongwindsmaycarrythesebitsofnatureformanymilesbeforedroppingthemonfieldshousesandastonishedpeoplE.Althoughtheyseemunusualfish-fallsoccurquitefrequentlyinAustraliA.WhenBillTappwasaskedtodescribethesceneoffishheremarkedTheylooklikemillionsofdeadbirdsfallingdown.Hisstatementisnotsurprising.Thewondersofthenaturalworldareascommonasrain.Naturewithitsinfinitewonderscancreatewaterfallsthatflowupwardandfishthatfalloutofthesky.56.Whatisthispassageabout?A.A.sadstory.B.A.rainoffish.C.Australia’snorthernpart.D.Thedamagedonebyfloods.57.Fish-fallsoccurinAustralia_________.A.quiteoftenB.onlargefarmsC.onlyinwinterD.whentheairiscalm58.Itisaknownfactthat________.A.oneshouldwatchwhereonestepsB.BillTappisascientistwhostudiesfarmingC.thenaturalworldcannevercreatewaterfallsthatfallupwardD.theseasonsinthesouthernpartaredifferentfromthoseinthenorthernpart59.Thewordinfiniteisclosestinmeaningto_________.A.easyB.difficultC.countlessD.dangerous
CHINACoalminesclaim使失踪morelivesA.COALmineblast爆炸inJixiHelongjiangleftmorethan100minersdeadonThursday.TenminesinJixiwereorderedtostopproduction.Thegovernmenthastriedtoshutdownthousandsofsmallillegal非法的minesinthecountrythatdonotmeetsafetystandards标准.MIDDLEEASTBomberscontinuestokillPALESTINIANSkilled32IsraelisinthreemajorattacbetweenTuesdayandThursday.Thereweretwosuicidebombing自杀性爆炸andamilitant武装的attackonJewishsettlement.TheyledtooneofthehighestIsraelideathtolls死亡人数insuchashortperiodoverthelasttwoyears.CHINAYoungpeoplestandtallTheaverageheightofChineseyoungpeoplehasrisenby6centimetersparedtothatof20yearsago.Thisyearfarexceeds超过theword’saveragegrowthspeeD.A.surveyonhealthconductedbyapanel调研组ofChinesestudentsfoundtheresults.Accordingtotheworldaveragelevelyouthsgettallerby1cmevery10years.CANADATalkingaboutworldissue援助TheGroupofEightG8—theUSJapanGermanyBritainFranceItalyCanadaandRussia----willholdasummit峰会onJune26and27inKananaskisCanadA.TheG8aretherichestandmostpowerfulcountriesintheworlD.G8leadersandsomeAfricanpresidentswilldiscussstrengtheningglobaleconomicgrowthandhelpingAfricA.KofiAnnanUnitedNationsSecretaryGeneralwillalsoattenD.1.Thousandsofmineshavebeenshutbecause______.A.theyhaveblastB.theyproducedlesscoalC.theyareverysmallandillegalD.theydon’tmeetthesafetystandards2.Inthelast20yearstheaveragegrowthspeedofChineseyouthsexceedstheworld’saveragelevelby_______.A.1cmB.4cmC.5cmD.6cm3.What’sthepurposeoftheSummit?A.tostrengthentheglobaleconomicgrowthandhelpingsomepoorAfricancountries.B.Tomaketheseeightcountriesmuchmorepowerful.C.TohelpsomeAfricanpresidenttostrengthentheireconomicgrowth.D.KofiAnnanwillhaveanimportantspeechonworldissues.
FaceslikefingerprintsareuniquE.Didyoueverwonderhowitispossibleforustorecognizepeople?Evenaskilledwriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatmakeonefacedifferentfromanother.Yetaveryyoungchild---orevenananimalsuchasapigeon---canlearntorecognizefaces.WealltakethisabilityforgranteD.WealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehavE.Whenwetalkaboutsomeone’spersonalitywemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheactsspeaksthinksandfeelsthatmakethatindividualdifferentfromothers.Likethehumanfacehumanpersonalityisverycomplex.Butdescribingsomeone’spersonalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribinghisfacE.Ifyouwereaskedtodescribewhatanicefacelookedlikeyouprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingso.Butifyouwereaskedtodescribeanicepersonyoumightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskindconsideratefriendlywarmandsoforth.Therearemanywordstodescribehowapersonthinksfeelsandacts.GordonanAmericanpsychologistfoundnearly18000Englishwordscharacterizingdifferencesinpeople’sbehavior.Andmanyofususethisinformationasabasisfordescribingortypinghispersonality.Bookwormsconservatives保守派military军人或军事的types---peoplearedescribedwithsuchterms.Peoplehavealwaystriedtotypeeachother.ActorsinearlyGreekdramaworemaskstoshowtheaudiencewhethertheyplayedthevillain’sorthehero’srolE.InfactthewordspersonandpersonalitycomefromtheLatinpersonameaningmask.Todaymosttelevisionandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.Butwecaneasilytellthegoodguysfromthebadguysbecausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasinactions.6.Thepassagetellsthereaders______.A.howtodescribepeople’sfacesB.howtodescribepeople’spersonalityC.howtodiffergoodpersonsfrombadonesD.howtodescribepeoplebothinwardandoutward7.Whatisthepossibleroleofthewriter?A.PsychologistB.BehavioristC.WriterD.Sociologist8.Whichofthefollowingisincorrect?A.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferentpersonalities.B.PeopledifferfromeachinappearancE.C.Peoplecandescribeallthefeaturesofothers.D.Peoplecanlearntorecognizefaces.9.Itiseasiertodescribeaperson’spersonalityinwordsthanhisfacebecause______.A.aperson’sfaceismorecomplexthanhispersonalityB.aperson’spersonalityiseasilydistinguishedC.people’spersonalitiesareveryalikeD.manywordsareavailablewhenpeopletrytodescribeone’spersonality10.Peopleclassifyapersonintocertaintypeaccordingto______.A.hiswayofactingandthinkingB.hiswayofspeakingandbehavingC.hislearningandbehaviorD.hisphysicalappearanceandhispersonality
Notverylongagoaspecialfamilysystem体系existedincertainpartsofSouthIndiA.Inthesystemtheactualheadofafamilyunitwasthemother’seldestbrotherthoughthemotheralsohadanimportantpositioninthefamily.Infamiliesofthiskindahusbandwasactuallynomorethanavisitor.HedidnotlivewithhiswifebutwithhisownmotherbrothersandsistersinanotherhousE.Hesawhissonsanddaughterssometimesbutthemanwhoactuallyfedandcaredforthemandactedastheirfatherwastheiruncle---theirmother’sbrother.ButthissysteminwhichbrothersandsisterstaketheplaceofthefathernolongerexistsinSouthIndiaexceptinafewvillages.Economic经济的changeshavehadfar-reachingeffectonfamilylifE.FamilylifebegantochangewhenmenwentouttoworkinfactoriesandofficesinsteadofworkingwiththeirmothersbrothersandsistersonthelanD.Whenamanwentouttoworkhehadmoneyofhisownandcouldbuyhisownlandandbuildhisownfamilyinsteadofdependingonhismotherandhisbrothers.Hewantedtobeindependent独立的.Thisisanexampleofthewayinwhicheconomicrelationscanhaveaneffectonfamilyrelationships.Thebesttitleofthispassageis______.A.HusbandActuallyVisitorinFamilyB.FamilySysteminSouthIndiaC.WifeHasImportantPositioninFamilyD.EconomicRelationsAffectsFamilyRelationshipsWhohadtheactualcontrolofafamilyinSouthIndianotlongago?A.Themother.B.Themother’seldestbrother.C.Thefather.D.Thefather’smother.Inthissystemthehusbandlivedtogetherwith______.A.hiswifeB.hissonsanddaughtersC.hismotherbrothersandsistersD.hiswife’sbrotherNowinSouthIndiathereare__ofthissysteminwhichahusbandhasnocontrolofhisfamily.A.nofamiliesB.manymorefamiliesC.veryfewfamiliesD.notanyfamilies
Itishardtobelievethatafishlessthan30centimeterslongcanbedangeroustopeopleandtootherseaanimals.Yetthepiranha水虎鱼swimsinthedarkwatersofSouthAmericareadytobitewheneveritishungry.Manyfisheatplantsbutthepiranhaisoneofasmallgroupthateatsmeat.Withitssharpteethandstrongjawsthepiranhamostoftenkillsotherfish.SometimeshoweveritattackspeoplE.A.personwillnotdiefromasinglebitebutthebloodfromthewoundattractsotherpiranhas.Soonaschoolofasmanyasathousandfishgatherbythevictim.TheyallbegintobitE.Inminutesonlyaskeleton骨架isleft.Perhapsthestrangestthingaboutpiranhasisthattheyarenotalwaysdangerous.PeoplemaysafelyswimneartheminoneriverwhileinanotherriveronlyafewmilesawaymaybeattackeD.UntilseveralyearsagoyoucouldbuypiranhasintheUnitedStatespetstores.Nowthereisalawagainstbringingpiranhasintothecountrytosellthem.Manypeoplewereafraidthatthefishmightgetlooseinlakesorstreams.Theunderlinedwordschoolprobablymeans________.A.aplacetolearnknowledgeB.alargegroupC.alongriverD.smallpupilsWhyistherealawagainstbringingpiranhasintotheUnitedStates?A.Becausethereareenoughpiranhasinlakesalready.B.Becausepiranhasarenotsafetoeat.C.Becausepiranhasdietooeasily.D.Becausepiranhasmightgetlooseandattackswimmers.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Piranhasmakegoodpets.B.Piranhasare30centimeterslong.C.PiranhasswiminSouthAmericanwaters.D.Piranhascanbedangerous.
You’relostintheworldofdreamsandsleep.YourolloversmilingasyoucomeacrossaswimmingpoolfilledwithchocolatE.AndthenyourwonderfuldreambecomesanightmarewhensomeoneisscreamingGetup!It’sjustwhateveryteenagergoesthrougheachmorning!Nowthereseemstobeoneschoolthatfinallyunderstandsthatrequiringteenstoshowupat9amisnotjustcruelbutalsoharmfultoboththekidsandtheschool.TheMonkseatonHighSchoolinNorthTynesideBritainrecentlydecidedtoexperimenttoseeifthereisanydifferenceinstudentbehavioriftheyjustpushedbackthestartoftheirdaybyonehourfrom9amto10am.Andtheresultsaresurprising.SincecarryingoutthelaterstartMonkseatonhasseena28%dropintruancyevenhardlyanylatenessandbestofallhighertestscores.Oneofthereasonsisthattheteenagersaremuchhappiertohavetheextrahourofsleepbutthereisalsoascientificreasonbehindwhytheyneedtheextrasleep.Theschool’sdecisiontopushbackthetimewasbasedontheresearchdonebyOxfordProfessorRussellFosterwhopointedoutthatteenagersandadultshavedifferentsleepcyclesexplainingwhyteenagersgotobedlateandwakeuplatE.Whileadultsarewideawakeandreadyat8amteenagersarenotfullyawakeuntil10amsometimesevennoon.Teachersmayarguethattheirstudentsperformbetterinthemorningbutinfactitisbecausetheyareinthezonewhiletheirstudentsarestillsleepymakingthestudentseasiertocontrol.MemorytestsprovethatthemoredifficultclassesshouldbeintheafternoonwhenteenagersaremostwideawakE.TheMonkseatonschoolofficialsareencouragedbytheresultsandplanonvotingtomakeitapermanentchangE.What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?A.Getupearlyteenagers!B.Finallyaschoolunderstandsteenagers.C.Whydoteenagersstayuplate?D.Differencebetweenteensandadults.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordtruancy?A.gradesB.subjectsC.absenceD.classesWhatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TeenagersandadultshavethesamesleepcyclE.B.Teenagersarefullyawakeat10am.C.Teenagersaremuchhappiertosleepthanstudy.D.Teenagersneedtheextrasleepalsoforascientificreason.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheMonkseatonschoolissatisfiedwiththeresultofexperiments.B.Itiscruelfortheteenagerstoshowupat9am.C.TheMonkseatonschoolplanstochangetheschooltimeforever.D.Teenagersperformbetterinthemorningthanintheafternoon.
Besidesgivingoffgasesanddustsintotheairhumansproducewastethatispouredontheenvironment.OftenthiswasteproducedbymajorindustriesandpeopleisharmfultobothnatureandhumanlifE.Oneofthemaincausesofthelargeamountofdangerouswasteisthatpeopledonotrealizehowlargeaproblemitis.Becauseitcanbesimplyremovedandsenttoalandfill废渣填埋场theproblemisoftenbelievedtoendtherE.Inadditionindustrieshaveoftenshownanunwillingnesstofindwaystodealwithdangerouswastebecauseoftherelatedexpenses.Manyindustriesandgovernmentsbuildsimplelandfillstostorewasteandoftenjustpourwastechemicalsintonearbybodiesofwater.OftenchemicalsusedforindustrialproductioncausedangerousformsofwastE.Theamountofthesechemicalshasincreasedgreatlyinthepastbutitisoftendifficultandexpensivetogetridofthesechemicalsortostoretheminawaysafetohumanlifeandtheenvironment.EveryyearmajorhealthproblemsresultfromdangerouswastE.SadlyitisoftenonlyaftersomeonehasdiedorbecomeseriouslyillthatgovernmentswilltakemeasurestoreducelevelsofharmfulwastE.Somegovernmentshaverealizedhowseriousthedangerouswasteproblemisandarenowtryingtosettlethisproblem.TheyarealsotryingtolimittheamountofwasteindustriesareallowedtoproducE.Notonlygovernmentsbutordinarypeopleaswellmustworktogethertosolvetheproblem.Theycanchoosenottobuythoseproductswhichrequiretheproductionofdangerouswasteandproducelessharmfulwastethemselves.Manyscientiststhinkthatwasteproductioncanbecut.Thewastecanbereducedbyatleastonethirdusingexistingtechnologiesandmethods.72.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.MeasuresofReducingDangerousWasteB.DangerofHarmfulWastetoMankindC.DangerousWasteandWaterPollutionD.EnvironmentalProtection73.Accordingtothetextpeople.A.donotproduceharmfulwasteintheirdailylifeB.donotknowwheretoplacethedangerouswasteC.arenotclearabouthowseriousthedangerouswasteproblemisD.arenotsureaboutwhereharmfulwasteends74.Whattroublesindustriesmostindealingwiththedangerouswasteproblem?A.Howtogetgovernmentsupport.B.Howtoincreasetheirproduction.C.HowtostoreharmfulwastE.D.Howtocutdowntherelatedcosts.75.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Thepollutingindustriesarenotallowedtoselltheirproducts.B.Presenttechnologieshavesettledtheharmfulwasteproblem.C.Everyoneshouldobeythegovernmentrulesfortheproblem.D.Tosolvetheproblemrequirestheeffortsofthewholesociety.
EManydo-it-yourselfhomeownersareinterestedintryingoutsolarpowertoleamaboutthetechnologyandperhapstoprovideenergyforlimited-useapplications.Thereareavarietyofwaystofindcheapsolarpanels板includingbuyingusedandbuildingyourownwithfactoryseconds.Bothmethodswillsavemoneywhileforcingyoutolearntheins-and-outsofasolarpowerarray阵列.We'veallseensolar-poweredstreetsignsorPVpanelsbeingusedforvariouspurposesatremotelocations.Whenthoseunitsbecomecrackedorchippedandareconsideredunsafecompaniesareforcedtoreplacethemgenerallytoavoidresponsibilityissues.Becauseit'sdifficulttogetridofPVpanelsmanycompaniesifapproachedarewillingtogivethemawayortosellthemformodestprices.Dependingonthedegreeofdamagepresentexpecttoseeperformancedegradation降级intherangeof10%to60%.Amultimeter万用表canbeusedtotestthepanelbeforebuying.Ifthepanel'sfreetakeitanyway.Itcouldstillbeusefulinahomesolarproject.A.solarpanelisreallynothingbutaboxservingasacontainerforalargegroupofsolarcells.FactorysecondsolarcellsareusuallysoldoneBayatasmallpartoftheirregularcost.Thecellscomeinavarietyofsizes.Youwillneedtofigureouthowmuchpowerasinglecellproducestodeterminehowmanywillneedtobewiredtogethertoformanarray.A.simplesearchoftheInternetwillshownumeroussitesdetailinghomesolarpanelprojects.Do-it-yourselfloversaregenerallyquitegenerousinsupplyphotographsoftheirworkanddescriptionofwhatwentwrongandrightwiththeproject.Gettingcheapsolarpanelswithslightimperfectionseitherusedorthroughsalesoffactorysecondsisaperfectsolutionforhome-builtrenewableenergyprojects.Thehighnumberofsolarloversonlineprovideawealthofusefulinformation.OnlylimitedskillsarerequiredplusanunderstandingofthebasicwiringinvolveD.Allarewellwithinthetalentsofalmostanyhomehandyman.Beyondthesatisfactionofhavingcompletedtheprojectyou'llcomeawaywithafunctionalsolarpanelthatwillbeasourceofpowerforusearoundthehouseoratremotelocations.SolarenergysystemsarequicklybecomingmorepopularwithhomeownersaspricescontinuetodeclinE.72.Theauthorwritesthepassagetointroduce____.A.waysoffindingcheapsolarpanelsB.waysofsavingenergyC.awayofmakingasolarpanelD.ahome-builtenergysystem73.Whatdoesthephrasefactorysecondsinthepassagereferto?A.Second-handfactoryproducts.B.CheapbutperfectfactoryproductsC.Faultyfactorysolarcells.D.Thesecondbestfactorysolarcells74.FromParagraph5wecanlearnabouthome-builtenergyprojectsthat____.A.noneofthemarebeyondhomehandymenB.alotofusefulinformationisavailableontheInternetC.aperfectsolutionistogetcheapandperfectsolarpanelsD.understandingelectricalwiringisnotnecessarilyneeded75.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofsolarenergysystems?A.OptimistiC.B.PessimistiC.C.Indifferent.D.Doubtful
DCanitbetruethatAustralianmenspendmoretimeduringtheweekbrushingtheirteeththantheydoalonewiththeirchildren?A.newstudyfromtheUniversityofNewSouthWaleshasdiscoveredthatduringtheworkingweekAussiefathersonlyspendanaverageofjustoveraminuteeachdayalonewiththeirchildren.Australianmothersontheotherhandspendthreehoursaweeklookingaftertheirchildren—amuchgreaterdisparity悬殊thaninothercountrieslikeAmericaDenmarkItalyandFrancewherecouplesdividethechild-caremoreevenly.ThesefindingswillupsetthosewhowanttoshakeofftheperhapsunfairimageofAustraliaasalandofold-fashionedmalechauvinism大男子主义.AccordingtothestudyAustralianfathersappeartolikethefunaspectsofparenthoodbutshyawayfromthedrudgery.Sowhiletheytendtobehappytakingthekidstotheparkortosportseventstheyareunlikelytoparticipateregularlyinfeedingbathingortakingthekidstoschool.Inshortparentingisseenasawoman'sjobandaman'shobbyinAustraliA.ManypeoplebelievethatinEuropethelasttwentyyearshaveseenthearrivaloftheso-callednewman—themanwhoiswillingtosharethehouseworkandchild-carE.Thenewmannevermisseshischildren'sschoolplaysandhealwaysgetshomeintimetoreadtheirbedtimestory.IndeedaquestionnaireconductedintheUKindicatedthatalmost70ofBritishwomenthoughtthatmenwereasgoodatraisingchildrenaswomen.That'ssomethingforAussiementothinkaboutwhiletheyarebrushingtheirteeth!68.Theunderlinedworddrudgeryrefersto______.A.enjoyableactivityB.easyjobC.socialresponsibilityD.boringwork69.InAustralianparenting______.A.bothfathersandmotherstakeitasahobbyB.neitherfathersnormothersspendenoughtimeonchild-careC.parentsdon'tsharethesameamountofchild-careD.fathersdon'tlikethekidsatall70.Thepassagesaysthatthenewmanwould______.A.gohomerightafterworkB.spendmoretimeontheirworkC.readstoriestotheirchildrenD.doallthehousework71.AccordingtothepassageAustralianfathersshouldA.spendmoretimewiththeirkidsB.knowmoreabouttheirfamilyC.learnfromtheirwivesD.stayathomelonger
Thephysicalmemorydump电脑死机errorisabigproblemthataffectseventhemostadvancedcomputersystems.Althoughit'squitearareerrorit'soneofthemoststoppingwhatyou'redoingandrestartingyourcomputer—makingyouloseallyourunsaveddatA.Thisisabigproblembutthereisactuallyaveryeasywaytofixit.Therearetworeasonswhythephysicalmemorydumphappens.Thefirstisprettysimpleandistodowiththehardwareandifanyofthesepiecesarenotfitforyoursystemitwillcausethephysicalmemorydump.Soifyou'verecentlyaddedanyhardwaretoyourPCthentakethatoutandseeifitworks.Theotherreasonisyoursystemtheregistry.Theregistryisabigdatabase数据库thatoperatesinthebackgroundofWindowsstoringallsortsofsettingsandinformationaboutyourPC.Theproblemwiththeregistryisthatsinceithassomanyimportantfilesinsideit'sconstantlygothundredsoffilesopeneverytimeyouuseyourPC.AndbecausetherearesomanyfilestoopenatonceWindowsisconstantlygettingconfusedleadingittosavemanyofthesefilesinthewrongway.ThesefilesgowrongwhensavedwronglymakingthemdifficultforyourcomputertoreaD.Howeverifitcan'treadthefilesatallithasnochoicebuttostopeverythingit'sdoingandrestartyourPC.Thisiswhythephysicalmemorydumperrorappearssoeasily—becausewhenaregistryfileissowrongthatitcan'tbereadyourcomputerneedstorefreshitselfimmediately.ThislatterreasonforcausingthephysicalmemorydumpisactuallyextremelycommonandthelikelihoodisthatyourPCissufferingfromitifyou'reseeingthiserror.Luckilyit'salsoincrediblyeasytofix—youjustneedtouseasoftwaretoolcalledaregistrycleanertogothroughtheregistryandfixalltheproblemsintherE.72.Fromthetextwecaninferthat________.A.thedumperroroftenhappenstoyourPCB.thedumpcanbedealtwitheasilyC.onlytheadvancedcomputerssuffersfromtheerrorD.thedumperrorcancausethedatainyourPCtobelost73.ThereasonthatyourPChasthedumperroristhat___________.A.thethehardwarelosesitsmemoryB.yourWindowsneedstobeupgradedC.youhavesavedwrongfilesinthePCD.youhavestoredtoomanyfilesinthePC.74.What’sproblemwiththeregistrywhenyourPCgoeswrong?A.Theregistercan’treadthefilescorrectly.B.Itmustopen100fileseverytimeyouuseyourPC.C.Theregisterdoesn’tagreewiththedatabasE.D.TheregistermustsavemanyimportantfilesinsidE.75.Whatdoesaregistrycleanermeans?A.AsoftwarwhichcanhelpyousavetimE.B.AsoftwarewhichcanremoveunnecessaryfilesC.AsoftwarewhichcanrepairthemachinE.D.asoftwarewhichmakesyourPCdown.
Thinking·Somescientistsclaimthatwehumansaretheonlylivingthingsthatareconscious有意识的—wealoneareawarethatwearethinking.·Nooneknowshowconsciousnessworks—itisoneofscience’slastgreatmysteries.·Allyourthoughtstakeplaceinthecerebrum大脑皮质whichisatthetopofyourbrainanddifferentkindsofthoughtarelinkedtodifferentareascalledassociationareas.·Eachhalfofthecerebrumhasfourroundedendscalledlobes脑叶—twoatthefrontfrontalandtemporallobesandtwoatthebackoccipitalandparietallobes.·Thefrontallobeislinkedtoyourpersonalityanditiswhereyouhaveyourbrightideas.·Thetemporallobeiswhereyouhearandunderstandwhatpeoplesaytoyou.·TheoccipitallobeiswhereyouworkoutwhatyoureyesseE.·Theparietallobeiswhereyourecordtouchheatandcoldandpain.·Thelefthalfofthebraincontrolstherightsideofthebody.TherighthalfcontrolstheleftsidE.·Onehalfofthebrainisalwaysdominantincharge.Usuallytheleftbrainisdominantwhichiswhy90%ofpeopleareright-handeD.Whichpartofyourcerebrumismostactivewhenyouaremakingatelephonecall?A.ThefrontallobE.B.ThetemporallobE.C.TheoccipitallobE.D.TheparietallobE.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.One’spersonalityhassomethingtodowiththefrontallobE.B.BrightideascomefromtheparietallobE.C.Theoccipitalandtemperallobesareatthebackofthecerebrum.D.TheoccipitallobeisinchargeofsounD.Fromthepassageweknowthereasonwhyaround10%ofpeopleareleft-handedisthat_______.A.theirfrontallobeisusuallydominantB.theirtemporallobeisusuallydominantC.theirrightbrainisusuallydominantD.theirleftbrainisusuallydominant
PassageTwelveWeShouldAllGrowFatandBeHappyHere’safamiliarversionoftheboy-meets-girlsituation.A.youngmanhasatlastpluckedupcouragetoinviteadazzlingyoungladyouttodinner.ShehasacceptedhisinvitationandheisoverjoyeD.HeisdeterminedtotakehertothebestrestaurantintownevenifitmeansthathewillhavetoliveonmemoriesandhopesduringthemonthtocomE.Whentheygettotherestauranthediscoversthatthisetherealcreatureisonadiet.Shemustn’teatthisandshemustn’tthat.Ohbutofcourseshedoesn’twanttospoilhisenjoyment.Lethimbyallmeanseatasmuchfatteningfoodashewants:it’sthesurestwaytoanearlygravE.Theyspendatrulymemorableeveningtogetherandneverseeeachotheragain.Whatamiserablelotdietersare!Youcanalwaysrecognizethemfromthesourexpressionontheirfaces.TheyspendmostoftheirtimeturningtheirnosesupatfooD.Theyareforeverconsultingcaloriecharts;gazingatthemselvesinmirrors;andleapingontoweighing-machinesinthebathroom.Theyspendalifetimefightingalosingbattleagainstspreadinghipsprotrudingtummiesanddoublechins.Somewageall-outwaronFAT.Meredietingisnotenough.Theyexhaustthemselvesdoingexercisessweatinginsaunabathsbeingpummeledandmassagedbyweirdmachines.Thereallywealthydiet-mongerspayvastsumsfor‘healthcures’.Fortwoweekstheycanenteranatureclinicandbestarvedtodeathforahundredguineasaweek.Don’tthinkit’sonlythemiddle-agedwhogoinforthesefadseither.Manyofthesebrightyoungthingsyouseearesufferingfromchronicmalnutrition:theyarelivingonnothingbutairwaterandthegoodwillofGoD.Dietersundertaketostarvethemselvesoftheirownfreewill;sowhyaretheysomiserable?Wellforonethingthey’realwayshungry.Youcan’tbehungryandhappyatthesametimE.AllthehorribleconcoctionstheyeatinsteadoffoodleavethempermanentlydissatisfieD.Wonderfoodisacompletefoodtheadvertisementsays.‘Justdissolveateaspoonfulinwater’.A.completefooditmaybebutnotquiteascompleteasajuicysteak.Andofcoursethey’realwaysmiserablebecausetheyfeelsoguilty.Hungerjustprovestoomuchforthemandintheendtheylashoutanddevourfivehugeguilt-inducingcreamcakesatasitting.Andwhocanblamethem?Atleastthreetimesadaytheyareexposedtotemptation.Whatuttertortureitisalwayswatchingotherstuckingintopilesofmouth-wateringfoodwhileyoumunchawaterbiscuitandsipunsweetenedlemonjuice!What’sallthisself-inflictedtorturefor?SaintlypeopledeprivethemselvesoffoodtoattainastateofgracE.Unsaintlypeopledosotoattainastateofmisery.Itwillbeagreatdaywhenallthedietersintheworldabandontheirslimmingcourses;whentheyholdouttheirplatesanddemandsecondhelpings!1.ThebesttitleforthispassageisA.OnFat.B.WeShouldAllGrowFatandBeHappy.C.ManyDiseasesAreConnectedwithFat.D.DietDeprivesPeopleofNormalLifE.2.Whydotheyneverseeeachotheragain?A.Becauseitisamemorableevening.B.Becausesheletshimeatasmuchfatteningfoodashewants.C.Becauseshedoesnoteatthisanddrinkthat.D.BecauseeatingfatteningfoodisthesurestwaytoanearlygravE.3.WhichofthefollowingwaysisNOTmentionedfordiet?A.Doingexercises.B.Noteatingsugar.C.Noteatingfat.D.Takingsaunabaths.4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowarddiet?A.PersuasivE.B.Critical.C.Indifferent.D.AdversativE.
第三部分阅读理解共两节满分40分第一节共15题每小题2分满分30分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项ABC和D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑AGlobaltravelInternationaltouristarrivalsinmillions2005statistics56.Accordingtothestatistics统计whichdestinationattractedthemosttouristsin2005?A.MiddleEastB.AmericaC.AsiaandPacificD.Europe57.Duringwhichinterval间隔wastherethegreatestincreaseofglobaltravel?A.Between2001-2002.B.Between2003-2004C.Between2002-2003D.Between2004-2005.58.Whichistrueaboutthediagram图表?A.Thediagramshowsthattherewillbeasteady稳固的increaseofglobaltraveloverthenextfewyears.B.Globaltravelsufferedaslightdrop下降everyyearfrom2000to2003.C.Thenumberoftouristsincreasedby21millionfrom2001to2002.D.TouristsfromEuropemadeuphalfofthetotalin2005.59.Thisdiagramismainlyabout____________________.A.differentdestinationsfortouristsB.statisticsofglobaltravelfrom2000to2005C.theprediction预测ofinternationaltouristsarrivals.D.thetendency趋势ofglobaltravel
CLiveEarthAnnounces2010GlobalEvent!ThisisthewebversionoftheOctober152009LiveEarthemailtomembers.Clickheretojoinandreceivebi-weeklyupdatesfromLiveEarth.LiveEarthispleasedtoannouncethelargestworldwidewaterinitiative倡议inhistorytohelpfighttheglobalwatercrisis.TheDowLiveEarthRunforWater—totakeplaceonApril182010—willconsistofaseriesof6kmrun/walkstheaveragedistancemanywomenandchildrenwalkeverydaytogetwatertakingplaceoverthecourseof24hoursincountriesaroundtheworldfeaturingconcertsandwatereducationactivitiesraisingawarenessandfundstohelpsolvethewatercrisis.JessicaBielAlexandraCousteauPeteWentzAngeliqueKidjoandJennyFletcherwilllendtheirnamesandtheirtimeinsupportofthisglobalevent.WatershortageisamajorissueaffectingcountriescommunitiesandfamiliesallovertheworlD.Oneineightpeopledoesn’thaveaccesstosafecleandrinkingwater.CommunitiesinAfricaLatinAmericaandAsiasuffer1.8milliondeathseveryyearfromdiarrheal腹泻diseasesandthedeathof5000childreneachdayduetoinadequatewaterinfrastructure基础设施.Intheseareaswomenandchildrenareforcedtowalk6km3.7mileseachdaytogetwaterthatislikelyunsuitablefordrinking.Howeverthewatercrisisisnotonlylimitedtodevelopingnations.AddingtotheseexistingissuestheeffectsofclimatechangeareincreasinglyimpactingbothsupplyandqualityofavailablefreshwaterthroughouttheworlD.In60%ofEuropeancitieswithpopulationsgreaterthan100000groundwaterisbeingusedfasterthanitcanbereplenished补充.By2025two-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationcouldbelivingunderwater-stressedconditions.YoucanhelpsolvethewatercrisisbyparticipatingintheApril18thevent.Run/walkregistrationisnowofficiallyopen!Signupnowathttp://liveearth.org/run.Thanksandbesuretovisitliveearth.orgforthelatestonTheDowLiveEarthRunforWaterconservationtipsandmore!FollowLiveEarthon:64.WhichofthefollowingactivitieswilltheDowLiveEarthorganizeonApril182010?A.ReceivingthelatestnewsfromLiveEarth.B.Puttingonmusicalperformances.C.Callingonpopstarstowalk6kmtogetwater.D.Lendingnamesandtimetosupporttheevent.65.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthestatementsistrue?A.Youcanturntohttp://liveearth.orgforwaterprotectiontips.B.JessicaBielcan’ttakepartintheeventevenifshesignsup.C.TheinformationonLiveEarthisupdatedeverymonth.D.Everyyear1.8millionpeopleintheworlddiefromthediseaserelatedtodirtywater.66.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat__________.A.by2010two-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationwillbeshortofwaterB.wecansolvethewatercrisisbytakingpartintheApril18theventC.seven-eighthsofthepeopleinAsiacanhaveaccesstosafecleandrinkingwaterD.therearedifferentchannelsforpeopletogetaccesstoLiveEarth
Spacetravelisdefinitelybadforastronauts’bonesreducingtheirbonedensity密度afteronlyamonthofweightlessnessaccordingtoFrenchresearchpublishedonFriday.LaurenceVicoandhisfellowworkersatStEtienneUniversitycalledformoreresearchintotheeffectsofmicrogravityaftertheirstudyof15astronautsfromtheRussianMIRstationshowedbonelosscontinuedthroughoutspaceflights.BonelosswasespeciallystrikinginfourastronautsthescientistsreportedintheLancetMedicalJournal.TheymeasuredthebonemineraldensityBMDofbonesintheforearm前臂andlowerlegoftheastronautswhohadspentonetosixmonthsinspacE.TheBMDlosswassignificantinthetibia胫骨ofthelowerlegaweight-bearingbonebutbarelychangedintheradius桡骨oftheforearm.Ourresultsindicatetheneedtoinvestigatenotonlydifferentbonesbutalsodifferentareasofthesamebonesincenotallsitesoftheskeleton骨架aresimilarlyaffectedbyspaceconditionstheyaddeD.Withoutgravitythebodyisn’tbearinganyweightsothereisnoneedforcalcium钙whichmakesbonesstronganditbecomesemptyintothebloodstream.Theresearchteamsuggestedinfuturescientistsshouldtrytodetermineifthelossofbonedensitywasonlyonweight-bearingbonesonlongerflightsalsothepossiblerecoveryafterreturningtoEarth.FrenchscientistsdidtheirresearchonRussianastronautsbecause_______.A.theyonlycaredfortheRussianastronautsB.theywerenotinterestedintheirownastronautsC.theRussiangovernmentinvitedthemtodotheirresearchD.theRussianastronautsworkedinspaceforalongtimeScientistshavefoundthat_______.A.theBMDlossmaycauseseriousillnesstoastronautsB.theBMDlossmaycausesomechangeinastronauts’bodiesC.astronautsshouldn’tcareabouttheBMDlossD.astronautsshouldtakesomecalciumbeforespacetravelWhatcausetheBMDlosstoastronautsaccordingtothispassage?A.ThefoodtheyeatinspacE.B.ThedrinkstheytakeinspacE.C.ThetemperatureinspacE.D.ThegravityinspacE.Inthethirdparagraphthewordstrikingmeans______.A.unusualB.simpleC.weakD.slow
BParticlesfromcarexhaustsgeneratemorepersistentcloudsbutlessrainnewresearchsuggests.Furthermoreputtingmoreoftheseparticlesintotheatmospherereducesthelow-levelwindswhichcouldreducetheamountofwindpoweravailableinverypollutedregions.Thedrybutpopulatedregionsmaythereforesufferatripleblowasaresultofvehiclepollutionlesswaterlesshydropowerandlesswindenergy.Scientistsstudiedtheeffectsofaerosol浮质pollutionfromcarsandindustry.TheycorrelatedsatellitedataonwindspeedsandtheamountofaerosolparticlesintheatmosphereabovetheSouthCoastBasininCaliforniaandaboveChinA.Resultsshowedthathigherconcentrationsofaerosolswerecloselyassociatedwithslowergroundwinds.Scientiststhenusedcomputermodelstosupporttheideathattherewasacauseandeffectrelationshipbehindthiscorrelation.ParticlesfloatingintheatmosphereblockenergyfromtheSunpreventingitfromwarmingthesurfaceoftheEarth.Coolersurfacetemperaturesduringthedaymeansthelow—levelandslowmovingairdoesnotriseupandmixwiththefasterwindsathigheraltitudes.Slowerwindsalsoinducelessevaporationfromoceansriversandlakes.Andfinallyoncecloudshaveformedtheystorelessmoistureintheformofrain.Thisisbecauseraindropsformaroundsmallparticles—dustforinstanceorpollution.Withmoreparticlesintheatmosphereittakeslongerforenoughwatertocondense凝结ontoaparticletoformaraindrop.Andifthecloudoffinedroplets小滴movestoadrierareabeforeitswould-beraincanrailthemoistureevaporatesoncemoreandtheclouddisappears.Scientistsnotetheirnewworkdoesnotcontradictpreviousfindingsthatsuggestglobalwarmingmightleadtomoretropicalstormsbecausethereisfarlessparticulate微粒的pollutionovertheoceans.60.Thefirstparagraphmainlytalksabout.A.theresultsofvehiclepollutionB.anintroductiontoparticlesfromcarexhaustsC.lesswindenergyinpollutedregionsD.lesswatercausedbyvehiclepollution61.Fromthispassagewecanlearnthat.A.scientistssupportedtheirideabyusingmaterialmodelsB.thenewstudyiscontrarytothepreviousfindingsC.iftherearemoreparticlesintheatmospheretherewillbemoreraindropsD.thereisacauseandeffectrelationshipbetweenwindspeedsandparticlepollution62.TheunderlinedwordinduceinParagraph3mostprobablymean_.A.reduceB.persuadeC.causeD.produce63.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PollutionandGlobalWarmingB.CarWindandRainC.IndustryPollutionD.HowRainForms
Imagineyou’reatapartyfullofstrangers.You’renervous.Whoarethesepeople?Howdoyoustartaconversation?Fortunatelyyou’vegotathingthatsendsoutenergyattinychipsineveryone’snametag标签.Thechipssendbacknamejobhobbiesandthetimeavailableformeeting-whatever.MakingnewfriendsbecomessimpleThishasn’tquitehappenedinreallifE.ButtheworldisalreadyexperiencingarevolutionusingRFIDtechnology.AnRFIDtagwithatinychipcanbefixedinaproductunderyourpet’sskinevenunderyourownskin.PassiveRFIDtagshavenoenergysource-batteriesbecausetheydonotneedit.Theenergycomesfromthereaderascanningdevicethatsendsoutenergyforexampleradiowavesthatstartsupthetagimmediately.SuchatagcarriesinformationspecifictothatobjectandthedatacanbeupdateD.AlreadyRFIDtechnologyisusedforrecognizingeachcarortruckontheroadanditmightappearinyourpassport.Doctorscanputatinychipundertheskinthatwillhelplocateandobtainapatient’smedicalrecords.AtanightclubinParisorinNewYorkthesamechipgetsyouintotheVIPveryimportantpersonsectionandpaysforthebillwiththewaveofanarm.Takeastepback:10or12yearsagoyouwouldhaveheardaboutthecomingageofcomputing.Oneexamplealwaysseemedtosurface:Yourrefrigeratorwouldknowwhenyouneededtobuymoremilk.TheconceptwasthatcomputerchipscouldbeputeverywhereandsendinformationinasmartnetworkthatwouldmakeordinarylifesimplerRFIDtagsareasmallpartofthisphenomenon.TheworldisgoingtobealooselycoupledsetofindividualsmalldevicesconnectedwirelesslypredictsDr.J.Reich.Humanrightsupportersarenervousaboutthepossibilitiesofsuchtechnology.ItgoestoofartrackingschoolkidsthroughRFIDtagstheysay.Weimagineaworldinwhichabeercompanycouldfindoutnotonlywhenyouboughtabeerbutalsowhenyoudrankit.Andhowmanybeers.Accompaniedbyhowmanybiscuits.w*w*WhenMarconiinventedradiohethoughtitwouldbeusedforship-to-shorecommunication.NotforpopmusiC.WhoknowshowRFIDandrelatedtechnologieswillbeusedinthefuturE.Here’sawildguess:Notforbuyingmilk.1.Thearticleisintendedto______.A.warnpeopleofthepossiblerisksinadoptingRFIDtechnologyB.explainthebenefitsbroughtaboutbyRFIDtechnologyC.convincepeopleoftheusesofRFIDtechnologyD.predicttheapplicationsofRFIDtechnology2.WeknowfromthepassagethatwiththehelpofRFIDtagspeople.A.willhavenotroublegettingdataaboutothersB.willhavemoreenergyforconversationC.willhavemoretimetomakefriendsD.won’tfeelshyatpartiesanylonger3.PassiveRFIDtagschieflyconsistof.A.scanningdevicesB.radiowavesC.batteriesD.chips4.WhyaresomepeopleworriedaboutRFIDtechnology?A.Becausechildrenwillbetrackedbystrangers.B.BecausemarketcompetitionwillbecomemorefiercE.C.BecausetheirprivateliveswillbegreatlyaffecteD.D.Becausecustomerswillbeforcedtobuymoreproducts.5.ThelastparagraphimpliesthatRFIDtechnology.A.willnotbeusedforsuchmattersasbuyingmilkB.willbewidelyusedincludingforbuyingmilkC.willbelimitedtocommunicationusesD.willprobablybeusedforpopmusic
BA.mosquitoisaninsectthatisfoundallovertheworlD.Therearethousandsofdifferentkindsofmosquitoesinmanydifferentsizesandcolors.Thefemalemosquitoneedsbloodfromvertebrates脊椎动物tolayeggsandproducemoremosquitoes.Shehasaspecialpartofhermouththatsheusestosuckbloodandhersalivaspitthinsthebloodsoshecandrinkit.Infact.It’sthemosquito’ssalivathatmakesthebitesitch痒!A.personwhogetsbittenbyamosquitowillnoticeawhealwhichisabumparoundthebitE.ThewhealwillberoundwithpinkorredaroundtheedgeandwhiteinthemiddlE.Thewhealwillitchalot.Soonthewhealwilldisappearbuttheitchwillstay.Ifyou’vebeenbittenbyamosquitowashthebitewithsoapandwater.Putonsomecalaminelotiontohelpstoptheitchingoranadultcanfindananti-itchcreamatthedrugstoreforyou.Placinganicepackonthebitemayalsohelp.Tellanadultyou’vebeenbittenbyamosquitoespeciallyifyouliveintheeasternUnitedStates.Butifyoudevelopanallergicreactionandfeeldizzyorsicktelladoctorimmediately.HecantreatallergicreactionswithsolemedicinE.Thebestwaytoavoidmosquitobitesistowearaninsectrepellent.RepellentsthatincludeoneoftheseingredientsarebestBEETandlemoneucalyptus.Askaparenttohelpyouapplythem.Sincemosquitoeslaytheireggsinwaterit’salsoagoodideatoemptyoutbucketsflowerpotstoysandotherthingsinyouryardthatmayhavecollectedwaterduringarainstorm.Andwhenit’spossibleyou’dbetterwearlong-sleevedshirtsandlongpantstokeepmosquitoesawayfromyourskin.60.Whatmakesyouitchafterthemosquitoes’bites?A.AbumparoundthebitE.B.Themosquito’ssalivA.C.Somecalaminelotion.D.Anantic-itchcream.61.TheunderlinedwordwhealParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A.asmallmouththatcanpreventaninsectB.asmallmarkafteraninsectbitethatusuallyitchesC.anillnessafteraninsectbitethatalwaysspreadsnearbyD.anillnessfrommosquitoes’bitesandotherpollutiondiseases62.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothispassage?A.Therearethousandsofmosquitoesinthesamesizesandcolors.B.Thewhealwillneverdisappearforeverbuttheitchwilldisappearsoon.C.AskadoctorforsomemedicineifyoudevelopanallergicreactionforthebitE.D.Askaparentforaninsectrepellentifyouseemosquitoeslayingtheireggsinwater.
HowRoomDesignsAffectOurWorkandFeelingsArchitectshavelonghadthefeelingthattheplacesweliveincanaffectourthoughtsfeelingsandbehaviors.Butnowscientistsaregivingthisfeelinganempirical经验的实证的basis.Theyarediscoveringhowtodesignspacesthatpromotecreativitykeeppeoplefocusedandleadtorelaxation.Researchesshowthataspectsofthephysicalenvironmentcaninfluencecreativity.In2007JoanMeyers-LevyattheUniversityofMinnesotareportedthattheheightofaroom'sceilingaffectshowpeoplethink.Herresearchindicatesthathigherceilingsencouragepeopletothinkmorefreelywhichmayleadthemtomakemoreabstractconnections.Lowceilingsontheotherhandmayinspireamoredetailedoutlook.Inadditionstoceilingheighttheviewaffordedbyabuildingmayinfluenceanoccupant'sabilitytoconcentratE.NancyWellsandhercolleaguesatCornellUniversityfoundintheirstudythatkidswhoexperiencedthegreatestincreaseingreennessasaresultofafamilymovemadethemostgainsonastandardtestofattention.UsingnaturetoimprovefocusofattentionoughttopayoffacademicallyanditseemstoaccordingtoastudyledbyC.KennethTannerheadoftheSchoolDesign&PlanningLaboratoryattheUniversityofGeorgiA.Tannerandhisteamfoundthatstudentsinclassroomswithunblockedviewsofatleast50feetoutsidethewindowhadhigherscoresontestsofvocabularylanguageartsandmathsthandidstudentswhoseclassroomsprimarilyoverlookedroadsandparkinglots.Recentstudyonroomlightingdesignsuggeststhandim暗淡的lighthelpspeopletoloosenup.Ifthatistruegenerallykeepingthelightlowduringdinneroratpartiescouldincreaserelaxation.ResearchersofHarvardMedicalSchoolalsodiscoveredthatfurniturewithroundededgescouldhelpvisitorsrelax.Sofarscientistshavefocusedmainlyonpublicbuildings.Wehaveaverylimitednumberofstudiessowe'realmostlookingattheproblemthroughastraw吸管architectDavidAllisonsays.Howdoyoutakeanswerstoveryspecificquestionsandmakebroadgeneralizeduseofthem?That'swhatwe'reallstrugglingwith.WhatdoesJoanMeyers-Levyfocusoninherresearch?A.Light.B.Ceilings.C.Windows.D.FurniturE.Thepassagetellsusthat______.A.theshapeoffurnituremayaffectpeople'sfeelingsB.lowerceilingsmayhelpimprovestudents'creativityC.childreninadimclassroommayimprovetheirgradesD.studentsinroomswithunblockedviewsmayfeelrelaxedTheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphprobablymeansthat______.A.theproblemisnotapproachedstepbystepB.theresearchessofarhavefaultsinthemselvesC.theproblemistoodifficultforresearcherstodetectD.researchinthisareaisnotenoughtomakegeneralizedpatternsWhichofthefollowingshowstheorganizationofthepassage?CP:CentralPointP:PointSP:Sub-point次要点C:Conclusion
Thebrainofaninsectisn’tverybig.Butinsectsaresomehowstillabletomakelotsofimportantdecisions.Beesantsandroaches蟑螂buildhiveswiththousandsofworkersdoingspecializedwork.Thejobsaredonewithoutaheadorevenaplan.Howdoinsectsmanagethis?TosolvethemysteryscientistsinBelgiumspentmonthsbuildingroboticroachesandthenputtingthemamongrealroaches.Thefinalgoaloftheresearchistofindouthowthesimplebehaviorofindividualsgivesrisetoacollective集体的decision.Theroachisagoodstartingpointfortryingtoanswerthebigquestionbecauseitssocialsystemissimpleenoughforscientiststostudy.Thefirststepwastobuildrobotsthatrealroacheswouldacceptastheirown.Althoughtheroboticroachesdon’tlookmuchliketherealthingtheyhavesimilaritieswiththeminthreekeyways:theynaturallyheadtowarddarkareastheyareinfluencedbythebehaviorofotherroachesandevenmoreimportantlytheysmelllikeroaches.Thenextstepwasgettingtheroboticandrealroachestoworktogetheroncommontasks.Inexperimentstherobotswouldcollectivelyheadtowardsadarkplacecopyingthebehaviorofnaturalroaches.Thatgottheresearcherswondering:ifyouprogramtheroboticroachestogotowardthelightedplacewilltherealroachesfollowgoingagainsttheirnaturalinstincts.本能?Theywill–itturnedout.Manyoftherealroachesfollowedtherobotstoalightershelter.Butinfluenceturnedouttobeatwo-waystreet.Onoccasiontherealroacheswereabletooverridetheprogrammingoftherobotroachesandgetthemtoturnintodarkhidingplaces.Beingsocialcreaturesboththeroboticandnaturalroacheswerepayingattentiontoandfollowingtheexamplesetbyothers.Intheoryitwouldbepossibletocreatearobotthatcouldinfluencecollectivedecision-makinginhumans.Todothisresearcherswouldhavetoinventarobotthatpeoplewouldaccept.Fortunatelythetechnologyisn’tthereyet.69.Whydoscientistschoosetheroachestostudy?A.TheirsocialsystemissimpleB.Theyaresocialcreatures.C.Theyareabletobuildtheirhivesquitewell.D.Itiseasytocreateroboticones.70.TheroboticroachesareacceptedbyrealonesbecauseofallthefollowingEXCEPTthat______.A.theysmelllikerealonesB.theylookexactlylikerealonesC.whattheydoaresomewhatinfluencedbyotherroachesD.theynaturallyheadtowarddarkareas71.What’stheauthor’sattitudetocreatingarobotthatwouldinfluencecollectivedecision-makinginhumans?A.UninterestedB.PositiveC.NegativeD.Doubtful72.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Scientists’ResearchB.RoboticRoachesC.AmazingInsectsD.Insects’SocialSystem
CA.newageiscoming.Callitwhatyouwill:theserviceeconomytheinformationagetheknowledgesociety.Italltranslatestoafundamentalchangeinthewaywework.Alreadywe’repartlytherethepercentageofpeoplewhoearntheirlivingbymakingthingshasfallendramaticallyintheWesternWorlD.TodaythemajorityofjobsinAmericaEuropeandJapanareintheserviceindustryandthenumberisontherisE.MorewomenareintheworkforcethaneverbeforE.Therearemorepart-timejobs.Morepeopleareself-employeD.Buttherangeoftheeconomictransformationcan’tbemeasuredbynumbersalonebecauseitalsoisgivingrisetoimportantnewwayofthinkingaboutthenatureofworkitself.Long-heldideasaboutjobsandcareerstheskillsneededtosucceedeventherelationbetweenindividualsandemployers—allthesearebeingchallengeD.WehaveonlytolookbehindustogetsomesenseofwhatmaylieaheaD.Noonelookingahead20yearspossiblycouldhaveforeseenthewaysinwhichasingleinventionthechipwouldtransformourworldthankstoitsapplicationsinpersonalcomputersdigitalcommunicationsandfactoryrobots.Tomorrow’sachievementsinbiotechnologyartificialintelligenceorevensomestillunimaginedtechnologycouldproduceasimilarwaveofdramaticchanges.Butonethingiscertain:informationandknowledgewillbecomeevenmorevalidandthepeoplewhopossessitwhethertheyworkinmanufacturingorserviceswillhavetheadvantageandproducethewealth.ComputerknowledgewillbecomeasbasicarequirementastheabilitytoreadandwritE.TheabilitytosolveproblemsbyapplyinginformationinsteadofperformingroutinetaskswillbevaluedaboveallelsE.Ifyoucastyourmindahead10yearsinformationservicewillbesuperior.ItwillbethewayyoudoyourjoB.66.A.characteristicofthenewagementionedinthepassageisthat.A.theserviceindustrymainlyreliesonfemalesB.manufacturingindustriesaresteadilyincreasingC.morepeopleareintheserviceindustrythanbeforeD.theworkintheserviceindustryismorecomfortablethanthatinmanufacturingindustry67.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.People’straditionalconceptsaboutjobsneedchanging.B.TherelationbetweenemployeesandemployersisbecomingtensE.C.MorewomenthanmenareintheworkforcE.D.Part-timejobsaremorewelcomethanfull-timejobs.68.Bymentioningtheinventionofthechiptheauthormeanstosaythat.A.wehaven’tpaidenoughattentiontotheimportanceofhightechnologyB.thechipisthemostimportantinventiontodayC.thepowerofscienceandtechnologyisbeyondourimaginationD.it’sagreatchallengetoapplynewinventionstoourlife69.Wemaydrawaconclusionfromthepassagethat.A.informationwillplayagreaterroleinpeople’sworkanddailylifeinthefutureB.wecanforeseethefutureiftechnologydevelopsfastenoughC.theabilityofperformingroutinetasksgivesyouanadvantageinworkD.robotswillreplacepeopletodoalltheworkbothinmanufacturingandserviceindustries70.Theauthor’sattitudetothecomingageis.A.doubtfulB.enthusiasticC.satisfiedD.Uncertain
TheGalapagosafar-awayarchipelago群岛andlargelyuntouchedbymanisnowfacingaproblem.ItslocalpeoplewholiveontheislandofSantaCruzwanttodevelopthebusinessandtouristpotential旅游资源oftheislanD.RecentlytheyarelockedinabitterstrugglewiththenaturalistswhoworkattheCharlesDarwinCentrealsoonSantaCruz.Thenaturalistswanttoprotecttheisland’swildlifewhichisalreadysufferingasaresultofhumanactivity.Theanimals’greatthreatusedtobesailorswhohundredsofyearsagorobbedtheislandsforfooD.Theywipedoutabout250000GiantTortoises.ForexampleonPintaoneofthesmallestislandstherearenoGiantTortoisesleftatall.Thelastsurvivoran80-year-oldGiantTortoisecalledLonesomeGeorgelivesundertheprotectionofnaturalistsattheDarwinCentrE.Todaytheisland’sanimalsarenolongerhuntedforfooD.Butotherdangershavereplacedthethreatfromsailors.GoatsforexampleintroducedovertheyearsbymanhavegonewilD.Withnonaturalenemiestheirnumberhasreached10000onthelargestoftheGalapagosislandsIsabellA.TheyareeatinghugequantitiesofplantsandrobbedtheremainingGiantTortoisesoffooD.TheproblemisnowsobadthattheNationalParkServicehashiredhunterstokillthegoatsinordertosavetheGiantTortoisefromdyingout.TodayyoucanfindtheGiantTortoisesontheislandof_______.A.SantaCruzB.PintaC.IsabellaD.GalapagosWhichofthefollowingshowstherightrelationshipbetweentheGalapagosIsabellaPintaandSantaCruz?A.TheGalapagos>Pinta>Isabella>SantaCruzB.Isabella>SantaCruz>theGalapagos>PintaC.TheGalapagos>Isabella>SantaCruz>PintaD.Isabella>theGalapagos>Pinta>SantaCruzWecanlearnfromthearticlethegreatestdangertotheGiantTortoisesisfrom________.A.sailorsB.huntersC.goatsD.thelocalpeopleFromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat_____.A.thenaturaliststrytohelpthelocalpeoplewiththeirinterest.B.ThelocalpeoplepaymoreattentiontotheeconomicgrowththanthewildlifethereC.Theanimalsandplantsareofgreatimportancetothelocal.D.Thenaturalistsdon’tcareaboutthelocalpeopleatall
WhenIwassmallandmygrandmotherdiedIcouldn’tunderstandwhyIhadnotears.Butthatnightwhenmydadtriedtocheermeupmylaughturnedintocrying.Soitcameasnosurprisetolearnthatresearchersbelievecryingandlaughingcomefromthesamepartofthebrain.Justaslaughinghasmanyhealthadvantagesscientistsarediscoveringthatsotoodoescrying.Whateverittakesforustoreducepressureisimportanttoouremotional情感的healthandcryingseemstostudyfoundthat85percentofwomenand73percentofmenreportfeelingbetteraftercrying.BesidestearsattracthelpfromotherpeoplE.Researchersagreethatwhenwecrypeoplearoundusbecomekinderandfriendlyandtheyaremorereadytoprovidesupportandcomfort.Tearsalsoenableustounderstandouremotionsbetter;sometimeswedon'tevenknowwe'reverysaduntilwecry.WelearnaboutouremotionsthroughCryingandthenwecandealwiththem.Justascryingcanbehealthynotcrying—holdingbacktearsofangerpainorsuffering—canbebadforphysical身体的healthStudieshaveshownthattoomuchcontrolofemotionscanleadtohighbloodpressureheartproblemsandsomeotherillnesses.Ifyouhaveahealthproblemdoctorswillcertainlynotaskyoutocry.Butwhenyoufeellikecryingdon'tfightit.It'sanatural—andhealthy—emotionalresponse反应.60.Whydidn'ttheauthorcrywhenhergrandmotherdied?A.BecauseherfatherdidnotwanthertofeeltoosaD.B.Becauseshedidnotlovehergrandmother.C.BecauseshewastooshytocryatthattimE.D.Tieauthordoesn’tgivetheexplanation.61.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat______.A.therearetwowaystokeephealthyB.cryingdoesmoregoodtohealththanlaughingC.cryingandlaughingplaythesamerolesD.emotionalhealthhasacloserelationshiptophysicalhealth62.Accordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Cryingisthebestwaytogethelpfromothers.B.Fightingbacktearsmaycausesomehealthproblems.C.Wewillneverknowourdeepfeelingsunlesswecry.D.WemustcryifwewanttoreducepressurE.63.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.PowerofTearsB.HowtoKeepHealthyC.WhyWeCryD.A.NewScientificDiscovery
Howcanacreatureweighingover5tonsandnormallytaking150kilogramsoffoodand120litersofwaterperdaysurviveinadesertenvironment?InthesouthwestAfricancountryofNamibiaandtheSaharalandsofMalifurthernorththedesertelephantdoesjustthat.AlthoughnotregardedasaseparatespeciesfromtheAfricanelephantthedesertcousindiffersinmanyways.TheirbodiesaresmallertoabsorblessheatandtheirfeetarelargerforeasierwalkingacrosssandysurfacesTheyaretallertoreachhigherbranches.Theyhaveshortertusks象牙andmostimportantlylongertrunkstodigforwaterinriverbeds.Desertelephantscantravelover70kilometersinsearchforfeedinggroundsandwaterholesandhavealargergroupoffamilies.Theydrinkonlyevery3–4daysandcanstorewaterinabagatthebackoftheirthroatwhichisonlyusedwhenbadlyneedeD.Desertelephantsarecarefulfeeders–theyseldomrootuptreesandbreakfewerbranchesandthusmaintainwhatlittlefoodsourcesareavailablE.Youngelephantsmayeveneatthedung粪便ofthefemaleleaderofagroupwhenfacingfoodshortagE.Duringdroughttheyareunlikelytogivebirthtotheiryoungbutwithgoodrainsthebirthratewillincreasegreatly.Desertelephantshavesandbathssometimesaddingtheirownurine尿液tomakethemmuddy!Aswecontinuetooverheatourweakplanetitcanonlybehopedthatotheranimalspecieswilladaptasextraordinarilywelltochangeasthedesertelephant.TheunderlinedpartinParagraph2means.A.remainsintheAfricancountriesB.drinks120litersofwateradayC.managestoliveindesertareasD.eats150kilogramsoffooddailyDesertelephantsarecalledcarefulfeedersbecausethey_________.A.rarelyruintreesB.drinkonlyevery3-4daysC.searchforfoodinlargegroupsD.protectfoodsourcesfortheiryoungTheauthoranswersthequestionraisedinthefirstparagraphwith__________.A.storiesandexplanationB.factsanddescriptionsC.examplesandconclusionD.evidenceandargumentWhatcanbeinferredfromthelastsentenceinthepassage?A.OverheatingtheearthcanbestoppeD.B.NotallanimalspeciesaresoadaptablE.C.Theplanetwillbecomehotterandhotter.D.Notallanimalsareassmartasdesertelephants.
BTwonewstudiessuggestthatmodernrunningshoescouldincreasetheriskofinjuriestorunners.Onestudyinvolvedsixty-eighthealthyyoungwomenandmenwhoranatleasttwenty-fourkilometersaweek.TherunnerswereobservedonatreadmillmachinE.Sometimestheyworerunningshoes.Othertimestheyranbarefoot.ResearchersfromtheJKMTechnologiesCompanyinVirginiatheUniversityofVirginiaandtheUniversityofColoradodidthestudy.Theyfoundthatrunningshoescreatemorestressthatcoulddamagekneeshipsandanklejointsthanrunningbarefoot.Theyobservedthattheeffectwasevengreaterthantheeffectreportedearlierforwalkinginhighheels.ThestudyappearedintheofficialscientificjournaloftheAmericanAcademyofPhysicalMedicinE.TheotherstudyappearedinthejournalNaturE.ItcomparedrunnersintheUnitedStatesandKenyA.TheresearcherswerefromHarvardUniversityinMassachusettsMoiUniversityinKenyaandtheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlanD.Theydividedtherunnersintothreegroups.Onegrouphadalwaysrunshoeless.Anothergrouphadalwaysrunwithshoes.Andthethirdgrouphadchangedtoshoelessrunning.Runnerswhowearshoesusuallycomedownheelfirst.Thatputsgreatforceonthebackofthefoot.Butthestudyfoundthatbarefootrunnersgenerallylandonthefrontormiddleoftheirfoot.Thatwaytheyeaseintotheirlandingandavoidstrikingtheirheel.Harvard’sDanielLiebermanledthestudy.Hesaysthewaymostrunningshoesaredesignedmayexplainwhythosewhowearthemlandontheirheels.Theheeloftheshoeisbiggerandheavierthanotherpartsoftheshoesoitwouldseemmorelikelytocomedownfirst.Alsotheheelgenerallyhasthickmaterialunderittosoftenlandings.60.Howmanyorganizationsareinvolvedinthetwostudies?A.ThreE.B.Four.C.FivE.D.Six.61.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Mostrunningshoesaredesignedimproperly.B.Thedesignofhighheelsisbetterthanthatofrunningshoes.C.NoonewillrunwithrunningshoesinthefuturE.D.BothofthestudiesaredoneinAmericA.62.Whydorunningshoesincreasetheriskofinjuriestorunners?A.Theycouldcreatestress.B.They’retoobigandheavy.C.TheycanaffectthewaytherunnerslanD.D.Theirheelscansoftenlandings.63.Howdidtheresearchersdothetwostudies?A.Bypractising.B.Bycomparing.C.Byquestioning.D.Byreasoning.
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