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The notion of the "quality circle" first found widespread acceptance in Japan.
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卫生类《单项选择》真题及答案
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DMS动态监测系统CIR插板主要完成与CIR设备数据通讯功能
地面遥测CIR进行自检选择CIR库检属性页然后在机车号框中选择要遥测的机车号最后点击启动自检即可地面
添加用户
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地面遥测450MHz方式通过台账配置的往CIR发送调度命令
频点
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GSMR
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配置TMPLS业务时同一端口中的隧道和伪线与端口的带宽关系是所有隧道CIR之和小于端口带宽所有伪线C
跨局运用的客运机车动车组对CIR设备实行检查跨局运用的货运机车对CIR设备可实行入库故障修
CIR自检如果检测结果是GPS模块故障GPS数据无效那么重新启动CIR 如果还是不显示更换GPS单元
CIR自检如果检测结果是GPS模块故障GPS数据无效那么重新启动 CIR如果还是不显示更换_____
以下帧中继技术表述公式正确的是
Tc=Bc/CIR
Tc=Be/CIR
Tc=DE/CIR
Tc=（Be+B/CIR
CIR库检设备具有启动电台自检的功能
455.0MHz
CIR电台
LBJ
800MHz
新安装的CIR设备应设置机车所属路局的CIR自动存储直到下次被修改
名称
编号
简称
APN号
CIR设备如连续出现按键操作失效的现象在其处于主控状态下可按复位键S以上对CIR整机进行复位重启
The{{U}}notion{{/U}}ofthequalitycirclefirstfoundwi
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announcement
notice
维护人员在安装CIR时应设置机车所属路局的CIR应存储它直到下次被修改
AND
CAN
ANN
APN
1850TSS构成的PTN网络内对于SP输出模式的业务其流量带宽CIR和 PIR的关系是什么
PIR 〉CIR 〉0，
PIR 〉CIR=0，
PIR=CIR 〉0
每日出车前对车载电务设备GYKCIR状态进行全面检查试验确认状态完好
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正确选定 CIR 设备的通信模式
注册车次功能号
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450MHz
CIR电台
LBJ
900MHz
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Bc是网络允许用户以CIR速率在Tc时间间隔传送的数据量，他们关系是Tc=Bc/CIR
Be是网络允许用户在Tc时间间隔内传送的超过Bc的数据量
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Wewouldmuchappreciateitifyoucoulddousafavor.
1.PsychologistGeorgeSpilichandcolleaguesatWashingtonCollegeinChestertownMarylanddecidedtofindoutwhetherasmanysmokersaysmokinghelpsthemthinkandconcentrate.Spilichputyoungnon-smokersactivesmokersandsmokersdeprived被剥夺ofcigarettesthroughaseriesoftests.2.Inthefirsttesteachsubject试验对象satbeforeacomputerscreenandpressedakeyassoonasheorsherecognizedatargetletteramongagroupingof96.Inthissimpletestsmokersdeprivedsmokersandnon-smokersperformedequallywell.3.Thenexttestwasmorecomplexrequiringalltoseesequencesof20identicallettersandrespondtheinstantoneoftheletterstransformedintoadifferentone.Nonsmokerswerefasterbutunderthestimulationofnicotine尼古丁activesmokerswerefasterthandeprivedsmokers.4.Inthethirdtestofshort-termmemorynon-smokersmadethefewesterrorsbutdeprivedsmokerscommittedfewererrorsthanactivesmokers.5.ThefourthtestrequiredpeopletoreadapassagethenanswerquestionsaboutitNon-smokersremembered19percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactivesmokersanddeprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbeforetesting.Activesmokerstendednotonlytohavepoorermemoriesbutalsohadtroubleseparatingimportantinformationfrominsignificantdetails.6.Asourtestsbecamemorecomplex.SumsupSpilichnon--smokersperformedbetterthansmokersbywiderandwidermargins.Hepredictssmokersmightperformadequatelyatmanyjobs--untiltheygotcomplicated.Asmokingairlinepilotcouldflyadequatelyifnoproblemsarosebutifsomethingwentwrongsmokingmightdamagehismentalcapacity./Para2______.
Itisridiculoustodisputeaboutsuchthings.
Shegaveupherjobtolookafterherinvalidmother.
Moodssaytheexpertsareemotionsthattendtobecomefixedinfluencingone’soutlookforhoursdaysorevenweeks.That’sgreatifyourmoodisapleasantonebutaproblemifyouaresadanxiousangryorsimplylonely.Perhapsthebestwaytodealwithsuchmoodsistotalkthemout;sometimesthoughthereisnoonetolisten.Modernpharmacology药理学offersanabundanceoftranquilizers安眠药anti-depressantsandanti-anxietydrugs.Whatmanypeopledon’trealizehoweveristhatscientistshavediscoveredtheeffectivenessofseveralnon-drugapproachestomakeyouloosefromanunwantedmood.Thesecanbejustasusefulasdrugsandhavetheaddedbenefitofbeingnon-poisonous.Sonexttimeyoufeeloutofsortsdon’theadforthedrug-storetrythefollowingapproach.Ofallthemood-alteringself-helptechniquesaerobic增氧健身的exerciseseemstobethemostefficientcureforahadmood.Ifyoucouldkeeptheexerciseyou’dbeinhighspiritssaysKathrynLanceauthorofRunningforHealthandBeauty.Researchershaveexplainedbiochemicalandvariousotherchangesthatmakeexercisecomparefavorablytodrugsasamood-raiser.Physicalexertionsuchashouseworkhoweverdoeslittle.Thekeyisaerobicexercise--runningcyclingwalkingswimmingorotherrepetitiveandsustainedactivitiesthatboosttheheartrateincreasecirculationandimprovethebody’sutilizationofoxygen.Dothemforatleast20minutesasessionthreetofivetimesaweek.Whatisthemainsubjectofthepassage
1.PsychologistGeorgeSpilichandcolleaguesatWashingtonCollegeinChestertownMarylanddecidedtofindoutwhetherasmanysmokersaysmokinghelpsthemthinkandconcentrate.Spilichputyoungnon-smokersactivesmokersandsmokersdeprived被剥夺ofcigarettesthroughaseriesoftests.2.Inthefirsttesteachsubject试验对象satbeforeacomputerscreenandpressedakeyassoonasheorsherecognizedatargetletteramongagroupingof96.Inthissimpletestsmokersdeprivedsmokersandnon-smokersperformedequallywell.3.Thenexttestwasmorecomplexrequiringalltoseesequencesof20identicallettersandrespondtheinstantoneoftheletterstransformedintoadifferentone.Nonsmokerswerefasterbutunderthestimulationofnicotine尼古丁activesmokerswerefasterthandeprivedsmokers.4.Inthethirdtestofshort-termmemorynon-smokersmadethefewesterrorsbutdeprivedsmokerscommittedfewererrorsthanactivesmokers.5.ThefourthtestrequiredpeopletoreadapassagethenanswerquestionsaboutitNon-smokersremembered19percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactivesmokersanddeprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbeforetesting.Activesmokerstendednotonlytohavepoorermemoriesbutalsohadtroubleseparatingimportantinformationfrominsignificantdetails.6.Asourtestsbecamemorecomplex.SumsupSpilichnon--smokersperformedbetterthansmokersbywiderandwidermargins.Hepredictssmokersmightperformadequatelyatmanyjobs--untiltheygotcomplicated.Asmokingairlinepilotcouldflyadequatelyifnoproblemsarosebutifsomethingwentwrongsmokingmightdamagehismentalcapacity./Para6______.A.Thefirsttest.B.Smokerscan’tdocomplexjobswell.C.Smokersareeasilytogetcancer.D.Thefourthtest.E.Scientistsdecidedtofindoutwhethersmokecouldhelptothink.F.Non-smokersresponsemoreaquicklythansmokers.
Beforeanyperiodofexerciseitiswellworthspendingtwoorthreeminuteswarmingupwithaseriesofsimplestretchingexercises.Thisnotonlyhelpsyourjoints关节tomoveeasilybutalsopreparesallyourmusclegroupsformoreenergeticactivity.Itisratherlikeacatstretchingitselfbeforeitspringsintoaction.Herearefourmovementstodoinaneasyandunhurriedwaygentlystretchingeachactionwithoutforcingit.Repeateachmovementtentimesbreathingnormallythroughout.Ⅰ.Standingwithyourfeetapartpushbotharmsoutstraightinfrontofyoufingertipstouching.Raisethemaboveyourheadthendowntothesidespushingeacharmbackwardsatthesametime.Ⅱ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonhips臀部.Tipyourheadbackandlookstraightuptotheceiling.Rollyourheadroundslowlytofacetherightthenthefloorthentheleftandfinallyupattheceilingagain.Repeatintheotherdirection.Ⅲ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonyoursidesleanfirsttotherightandthentotheleftslidingthehanddownthesideoftheleg.Ⅳ.Standingfeetapartandarmsoutstraightinfrontwithyoureyesfixedonyourrighthandsswingyourrightarmroundtotherightkeepingitstraightasfarasitwillgo.Returnittothefrontandrepeatwiththeleftarm.Beforeexercise.You’dbetterdosomethingtowarmupfirst.
Theworldisknowntousthroughmanysensesnotjusthearingsmellvisionandatcloserangetouchandtaste.Ourskinsletusknowwhethertheairismoistordrywhethersurfacesarewetwithoutbeingstickyorslippery.Fromtheuniformityofslightpressurewecanbeawarehowdeeplyafingeristhrustintowateratbodytemperatureevenifthefingerisenclosedinarubberglovethatkeepstheskincompletelydry.Manyotheranimalswithhighlysensitiveskinsappeartobeabletolearnstillmoreabouttheirenvironment.Oftentheydosowithoutemployinganyofthefivesenses.Byobservingthecapabilitiesofothermembersoftheanimalkingdomwecometorealizethatahumanbeinghasfarmorepossibilitiesthanareutilized.Weneglecteversomanyofoursensesinconcentratingonthefivemajorones.Atthesametimeacomparisonbetweenanimalsandmandrawsattentiontothelimitationsofeachsense.Thepartofthespectrum光谱seenbycolor-consciousmanasredisnon-existentforhoney-bees.Butabeecanseefarmoreinflowersthanwebecausetheultra-violet紫外线towhichoureyesareblindisastimulating刺激的partoftheinsect’sspectrumandforhoneybeesatleastconstitutesaseparatecolor.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage
Firewoodisscarceinmanypartsoftheworld.
Hospitalvisitscanbeunsettlingforall51andvisitorsareoftenunsureofhowtobehaveatthebedsideofsickfriendor52.Thismayexplainwhysomanypeopleshyawayfromahospitalvisit--notforfearofinfection53ratherofsayingthewrongthing.Byfollowingafewsimpleguidelinesthoughembarrassmentcaneasilybeavoided.Avisitisimportantforasickpersonbecauseitallowsthemto54socialcontactsaysKarlKoehleprofessorattheInstituteforPsychosomaticsandClinicalPsychologyatCologneUniversity.Visiting55hesayscanactuallystrengtheninterpersonalrelationships.Unfortunatelymanypeopleonlythinkofthisaspectduringthefirstfewweeks.Thenagainnot56patientmaywanttoreceivevisitors.Soit’salwaysadvisabletoarrangeavisit57withthesickpersonoraclosefriendorrelative.ThatappliesparticularlytovisitstoahomeevenmorethaninhospitalsaysIngeWolffheadoftheinternationalWorkingGrouponEtiquetteinBielefeld.Butmoderationis58.Therearefrequentcasesof59illpeoplebecomingworn60byanendlessstreamsofvisitors.That’swhenthedoctorsmightcallahalttoitsaysKoehlefromexperience.Andtheotherpatientsinthewardneedtobetakeninto61toosaysetiquetteexpertIngeWolff.Theycanoftenfeelpesteredbyaneighbour’sfrequentvisits.Mobilephonesshouldalwaysbeturnedoffandkeptoutof62duringavisit.Otherwisethesickpersoncouldgettheimpressionthatthevisitorreallyhasnotimeandwouldliketobeoffassoonasanopportunemoment63saysWolff.64hospitalsforbidtheuseofcellphonesinthevicinityofhospitalequipment.Visitorsshouldtakeasmallgiftsuchasanewspaperormagazine65abook.SweetsaretrickysaysIngeWolffbecausethepatientmaybeunderinstructionstokeeptoaspecialdiet.Alsothepresentshouldn’tbetoolargeoroverthetop--suchasahugebasketoffruit.
Hospitalvisitscanbeunsettlingforall51andvisitorsareoftenunsureofhowtobehaveatthebedsideofsickfriendor52.Thismayexplainwhysomanypeopleshyawayfromahospitalvisit--notforfearofinfection53ratherofsayingthewrongthing.Byfollowingafewsimpleguidelinesthoughembarrassmentcaneasilybeavoided.Avisitisimportantforasickpersonbecauseitallowsthemto54socialcontactsaysKarlKoehleprofessorattheInstituteforPsychosomaticsandClinicalPsychologyatCologneUniversity.Visiting55hesayscanactuallystrengtheninterpersonalrelationships.Unfortunatelymanypeopleonlythinkofthisaspectduringthefirstfewweeks.Thenagainnot56patientmaywanttoreceivevisitors.Soit’salwaysadvisabletoarrangeavisit57withthesickpersonoraclosefriendorrelative.ThatappliesparticularlytovisitstoahomeevenmorethaninhospitalsaysIngeWolffheadoftheinternationalWorkingGrouponEtiquetteinBielefeld.Butmoderationis58.Therearefrequentcasesof59illpeoplebecomingworn60byanendlessstreamsofvisitors.That’swhenthedoctorsmightcallahalttoitsaysKoehlefromexperience.Andtheotherpatientsinthewardneedtobetakeninto61toosaysetiquetteexpertIngeWolff.Theycanoftenfeelpesteredbyaneighbour’sfrequentvisits.Mobilephonesshouldalwaysbeturnedoffandkeptoutof62duringavisit.Otherwisethesickpersoncouldgettheimpressionthatthevisitorreallyhasnotimeandwouldliketobeoffassoonasanopportunemoment63saysWolff.64hospitalsforbidtheuseofcellphonesinthevicinityofhospitalequipment.Visitorsshouldtakeasmallgiftsuchasanewspaperormagazine65abook.SweetsaretrickysaysIngeWolffbecausethepatientmaybeunderinstructionstokeeptoaspecialdiet.Alsothepresentshouldn’tbetoolargeoroverthetop--suchasahugebasketoffruit.
Moodssaytheexpertsareemotionsthattendtobecomefixedinfluencingone’soutlookforhoursdaysorevenweeks.That’sgreatifyourmoodisapleasantonebutaproblemifyouaresadanxiousangryorsimplylonely.Perhapsthebestwaytodealwithsuchmoodsistotalkthemout;sometimesthoughthereisnoonetolisten.Modernpharmacology药理学offersanabundanceoftranquilizers安眠药anti-depressantsandanti-anxietydrugs.Whatmanypeopledon’trealizehoweveristhatscientistshavediscoveredtheeffectivenessofseveralnon-drugapproachestomakeyouloosefromanunwantedmood.Thesecanbejustasusefulasdrugsandhavetheaddedbenefitofbeingnon-poisonous.Sonexttimeyoufeeloutofsortsdon’theadforthedrug-storetrythefollowingapproach.Ofallthemood-alteringself-helptechniquesaerobic增氧健身的exerciseseemstobethemostefficientcureforahadmood.Ifyoucouldkeeptheexerciseyou’dbeinhighspiritssaysKathrynLanceauthorofRunningforHealthandBeauty.Researchershaveexplainedbiochemicalandvariousotherchangesthatmakeexercisecomparefavorablytodrugsasamood-raiser.Physicalexertionsuchashouseworkhoweverdoeslittle.Thekeyisaerobicexercise--runningcyclingwalkingswimmingorotherrepetitiveandsustainedactivitiesthatboosttheheartrateincreasecirculationandimprovethebody’sutilizationofoxygen.Dothemforatleast20minutesasessionthreetofivetimesaweek.Feeloutofsortsasitisusedinthesecondparagraphcouldbestbereplacedby______.
Thenewcaratthemotor-showwasaveryunusualshape.
Hospitalvisitscanbeunsettlingforall51andvisitorsareoftenunsureofhowtobehaveatthebedsideofsickfriendor52.Thismayexplainwhysomanypeopleshyawayfromahospitalvisit--notforfearofinfection53ratherofsayingthewrongthing.Byfollowingafewsimpleguidelinesthoughembarrassmentcaneasilybeavoided.Avisitisimportantforasickpersonbecauseitallowsthemto54socialcontactsaysKarlKoehleprofessorattheInstituteforPsychosomaticsandClinicalPsychologyatCologneUniversity.Visiting55hesayscanactuallystrengtheninterpersonalrelationships.Unfortunatelymanypeopleonlythinkofthisaspectduringthefirstfewweeks.Thenagainnot56patientmaywanttoreceivevisitors.Soit’salwaysadvisabletoarrangeavisit57withthesickpersonoraclosefriendorrelative.ThatappliesparticularlytovisitstoahomeevenmorethaninhospitalsaysIngeWolffheadoftheinternationalWorkingGrouponEtiquetteinBielefeld.Butmoderationis58.Therearefrequentcasesof59illpeoplebecomingworn60byanendlessstreamsofvisitors.That’swhenthedoctorsmightcallahalttoitsaysKoehlefromexperience.Andtheotherpatientsinthewardneedtobetakeninto61toosaysetiquetteexpertIngeWolff.Theycanoftenfeelpesteredbyaneighbour’sfrequentvisits.Mobilephonesshouldalwaysbeturnedoffandkeptoutof62duringavisit.Otherwisethesickpersoncouldgettheimpressionthatthevisitorreallyhasnotimeandwouldliketobeoffassoonasanopportunemoment63saysWolff.64hospitalsforbidtheuseofcellphonesinthevicinityofhospitalequipment.Visitorsshouldtakeasmallgiftsuchasanewspaperormagazine65abook.SweetsaretrickysaysIngeWolffbecausethepatientmaybeunderinstructionstokeeptoaspecialdiet.Alsothepresentshouldn’tbetoolargeoroverthetop--suchasahugebasketoffruit.
Hospitalvisitscanbeunsettlingforall51andvisitorsareoftenunsureofhowtobehaveatthebedsideofsickfriendor52.Thismayexplainwhysomanypeopleshyawayfromahospitalvisit--notforfearofinfection53ratherofsayingthewrongthing.Byfollowingafewsimpleguidelinesthoughembarrassmentcaneasilybeavoided.Avisitisimportantforasickpersonbecauseitallowsthemto54socialcontactsaysKarlKoehleprofessorattheInstituteforPsychosomaticsandClinicalPsychologyatCologneUniversity.Visiting55hesayscanactuallystrengtheninterpersonalrelationships.Unfortunatelymanypeopleonlythinkofthisaspectduringthefirstfewweeks.Thenagainnot56patientmaywanttoreceivevisitors.Soit’salwaysadvisabletoarrangeavisit57withthesickpersonoraclosefriendorrelative.ThatappliesparticularlytovisitstoahomeevenmorethaninhospitalsaysIngeWolffheadoftheinternationalWorkingGrouponEtiquetteinBielefeld.Butmoderationis58.Therearefrequentcasesof59illpeoplebecomingworn60byanendlessstreamsofvisitors.That’swhenthedoctorsmightcallahalttoitsaysKoehlefromexperience.Andtheotherpatientsinthewardneedtobetakeninto61toosaysetiquetteexpertIngeWolff.Theycanoftenfeelpesteredbyaneighbour’sfrequentvisits.Mobilephonesshouldalwaysbeturnedoffandkeptoutof62duringavisit.Otherwisethesickpersoncouldgettheimpressionthatthevisitorreallyhasnotimeandwouldliketobeoffassoonasanopportunemoment63saysWolff.64hospitalsforbidtheuseofcellphonesinthevicinityofhospitalequipment.Visitorsshouldtakeasmallgiftsuchasanewspaperormagazine65abook.SweetsaretrickysaysIngeWolffbecausethepatientmaybeunderinstructionstokeeptoaspecialdiet.Alsothepresentshouldn’tbetoolargeoroverthetop--suchasahugebasketoffruit.
Therisingcostoflivingisashardoncountryfamiliesasoncityfamilies.
PriscillaOuchida’senergy-efficienthouseturnedouttobeahorribledream.Whensheandherengineerhusbandmarriedafewyearsagotheybuilta＄100000three--bedroomhomeinCalifornia.Tightlysealedtopreventairleaksthehousewasequippedwithsmalldouble-parted双层玻璃windowsandseveralotherenergy-savingfeatures.Problemsbeganassoonasthecouplemovedinhowever.Priscilla’seyesburned.Herthroatwasconstantlydry.Shesufferedfromheadachesandcouldhardlysleep.Itwasasthoughshehadsuddenlydevelopedastrangeillness.Expertsfinallytracedthecauseofherillness.Thelevelofformaldehyde甲醛gasinherkitchenwastwicethemaximumallowedbyfederalstandardsforchemicalworkers.ThesourceofthegasHernewkitchencabinetsandwall-to-wallcarpeting.TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollutionwhichisnotgivensufficientattentionpartlybecauseofthenation’sdrivetosaveenergy.Theproblemitselfisn’tnew.Theindoorenvironmentwasdirtylongbeforeenergyconservationcamealong.SaysMoschandreasapollutionscientistatGeometTechnologiesinMaryland.Energycon-servationhastendedtoaccentuatethesituationinsomecases.Theproblemappearstobemoretroublesomeinnewlyconstructedhomesratherthanoldones.Backinthedayswhenenergywascheaphomebuildersdidn’tworrymuchaboutunsealedcracks.Becauseofsuchleakstheairinanaveragehomewasreplacedbyfreshoutdoorairaboutonceanhour.Asaresultpollutantsgeneratedinmosthouseholdsseldombuiltuptodangerouslevels.WhatmadetheOuchidas’newhouseahorribledream
Hospitalvisitscanbeunsettlingforall51andvisitorsareoftenunsureofhowtobehaveatthebedsideofsickfriendor52.Thismayexplainwhysomanypeopleshyawayfromahospitalvisit--notforfearofinfection53ratherofsayingthewrongthing.Byfollowingafewsimpleguidelinesthoughembarrassmentcaneasilybeavoided.Avisitisimportantforasickpersonbecauseitallowsthemto54socialcontactsaysKarlKoehleprofessorattheInstituteforPsychosomaticsandClinicalPsychologyatCologneUniversity.Visiting55hesayscanactuallystrengtheninterpersonalrelationships.Unfortunatelymanypeopleonlythinkofthisaspectduringthefirstfewweeks.Thenagainnot56patientmaywanttoreceivevisitors.Soit’salwaysadvisabletoarrangeavisit57withthesickpersonoraclosefriendorrelative.ThatappliesparticularlytovisitstoahomeevenmorethaninhospitalsaysIngeWolffheadoftheinternationalWorkingGrouponEtiquetteinBielefeld.Butmoderationis58.Therearefrequentcasesof59illpeoplebecomingworn60byanendlessstreamsofvisitors.That’swhenthedoctorsmightcallahalttoitsaysKoehlefromexperience.Andtheotherpatientsinthewardneedtobetakeninto61toosaysetiquetteexpertIngeWolff.Theycanoftenfeelpesteredbyaneighbour’sfrequentvisits.Mobilephonesshouldalwaysbeturnedoffandkeptoutof62duringavisit.Otherwisethesickpersoncouldgettheimpressionthatthevisitorreallyhasnotimeandwouldliketobeoffassoonasanopportunemoment63saysWolff.64hospitalsforbidtheuseofcellphonesinthevicinityofhospitalequipment.Visitorsshouldtakeasmallgiftsuchasanewspaperormagazine65abook.SweetsaretrickysaysIngeWolffbecausethepatientmaybeunderinstructionstokeeptoaspecialdiet.Alsothepresentshouldn’tbetoolargeoroverthetop--suchasahugebasketoffruit.
Hospitalvisitscanbeunsettlingforall51andvisitorsareoftenunsureofhowtobehaveatthebedsideofsickfriendor52.Thismayexplainwhysomanypeopleshyawayfromahospitalvisit--notforfearofinfection53ratherofsayingthewrongthing.Byfollowingafewsimpleguidelinesthoughembarrassmentcaneasilybeavoided.Avisitisimportantforasickpersonbecauseitallowsthemto54socialcontactsaysKarlKoehleprofessorattheInstituteforPsychosomaticsandClinicalPsychologyatCologneUniversity.Visiting55hesayscanactuallystrengtheninterpersonalrelationships.Unfortunatelymanypeopleonlythinkofthisaspectduringthefirstfewweeks.Thenagainnot56patientmaywanttoreceivevisitors.Soit’salwaysadvisabletoarrangeavisit57withthesickpersonoraclosefriendorrelative.ThatappliesparticularlytovisitstoahomeevenmorethaninhospitalsaysIngeWolffheadoftheinternationalWorkingGrouponEtiquetteinBielefeld.Butmoderationis58.Therearefrequentcasesof59illpeoplebecomingworn60byanendlessstreamsofvisitors.That’swhenthedoctorsmightcallahalttoitsaysKoehlefromexperience.Andtheotherpatientsinthewardneedtobetakeninto61toosaysetiquetteexpertIngeWolff.Theycanoftenfeelpesteredbyaneighbour’sfrequentvisits.Mobilephonesshouldalwaysbeturnedoffandkeptoutof62duringavisit.Otherwisethesickpersoncouldgettheimpressionthatthevisitorreallyhasnotimeandwouldliketobeoffassoonasanopportunemoment63saysWolff.64hospitalsforbidtheuseofcellphonesinthevicinityofhospitalequipment.Visitorsshouldtakeasmallgiftsuchasanewspaperormagazine65abook.SweetsaretrickysaysIngeWolffbecausethepatientmaybeunderinstructionstokeeptoaspecialdiet.Alsothepresentshouldn’tbetoolargeoroverthetop--suchasahugebasketoffruit.
Beforeanyperiodofexerciseitiswellworthspendingtwoorthreeminuteswarmingupwithaseriesofsimplestretchingexercises.Thisnotonlyhelpsyourjoints关节tomoveeasilybutalsopreparesallyourmusclegroupsformoreenergeticactivity.Itisratherlikeacatstretchingitselfbeforeitspringsintoaction.Herearefourmovementstodoinaneasyandunhurriedwaygentlystretchingeachactionwithoutforcingit.Repeateachmovementtentimesbreathingnormallythroughout.Ⅰ.Standingwithyourfeetapartpushbotharmsoutstraightinfrontofyoufingertipstouching.Raisethemaboveyourheadthendowntothesidespushingeacharmbackwardsatthesametime.Ⅱ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonhips臀部.Tipyourheadbackandlookstraightuptotheceiling.Rollyourheadroundslowlytofacetherightthenthefloorthentheleftandfinallyupattheceilingagain.Repeatintheotherdirection.Ⅲ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonyoursidesleanfirsttotherightandthentotheleftslidingthehanddownthesideoftheleg.Ⅳ.Standingfeetapartandarmsoutstraightinfrontwithyoureyesfixedonyourrighthandsswingyourrightarmroundtotherightkeepingitstraightasfarasitwillgo.Returnittothefrontandrepeatwiththeleftarm.Whenwarmingupyou’llbreathealittlebitfaster.
Theworldisknowntousthroughmanysensesnotjusthearingsmellvisionandatcloserangetouchandtaste.Ourskinsletusknowwhethertheairismoistordrywhethersurfacesarewetwithoutbeingstickyorslippery.Fromtheuniformityofslightpressurewecanbeawarehowdeeplyafingeristhrustintowateratbodytemperatureevenifthefingerisenclosedinarubberglovethatkeepstheskincompletelydry.Manyotheranimalswithhighlysensitiveskinsappeartobeabletolearnstillmoreabouttheirenvironment.Oftentheydosowithoutemployinganyofthefivesenses.Byobservingthecapabilitiesofothermembersoftheanimalkingdomwecometorealizethatahumanbeinghasfarmorepossibilitiesthanareutilized.Weneglecteversomanyofoursensesinconcentratingonthefivemajorones.Atthesametimeacomparisonbetweenanimalsandmandrawsattentiontothelimitationsofeachsense.Thepartofthespectrum光谱seenbycolor-consciousmanasredisnon-existentforhoney-bees.Butabeecanseefarmoreinflowersthanwebecausetheultra-violet紫外线towhichoureyesareblindisastimulating刺激的partoftheinsect’sspectrumandforhoneybeesatleastconstitutesaseparatecolor.ThephrasesensitiveskinsPar
Moodssaytheexpertsareemotionsthattendtobecomefixedinfluencingone’soutlookforhoursdaysorevenweeks.That’sgreatifyourmoodisapleasantonebutaproblemifyouaresadanxiousangryorsimplylonely.Perhapsthebestwaytodealwithsuchmoodsistotalkthemout;sometimesthoughthereisnoonetolisten.Modernpharmacology药理学offersanabundanceoftranquilizers安眠药anti-depressantsandanti-anxietydrugs.Whatmanypeopledon’trealizehoweveristhatscientistshavediscoveredtheeffectivenessofseveralnon-drugapproachestomakeyouloosefromanunwantedmood.Thesecanbejustasusefulasdrugsandhavetheaddedbenefitofbeingnon-poisonous.Sonexttimeyoufeeloutofsortsdon’theadforthedrug-storetrythefollowingapproach.Ofallthemood-alteringself-helptechniquesaerobic增氧健身的exerciseseemstobethemostefficientcureforahadmood.Ifyoucouldkeeptheexerciseyou’dbeinhighspiritssaysKathrynLanceauthorofRunningforHealthandBeauty.Researchershaveexplainedbiochemicalandvariousotherchangesthatmakeexercisecomparefavorablytodrugsasamood-raiser.Physicalexertionsuchashouseworkhoweverdoeslittle.Thekeyisaerobicexercise--runningcyclingwalkingswimmingorotherrepetitiveandsustainedactivitiesthatboosttheheartrateincreasecirculationandimprovethebody’sutilizationofoxygen.Dothemforatleast20minutesasessionthreetofivetimesaweek.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheissueofthepassage
1.PsychologistGeorgeSpilichandcolleaguesatWashingtonCollegeinChestertownMarylanddecidedtofindoutwhetherasmanysmokersaysmokinghelpsthemthinkandconcentrate.Spilichputyoungnon-smokersactivesmokersandsmokersdeprived被剥夺ofcigarettesthroughaseriesoftests.2.Inthefirsttesteachsubject试验对象satbeforeacomputerscreenandpressedakeyassoonasheorsherecognizedatargetletteramongagroupingof96.Inthissimpletestsmokersdeprivedsmokersandnon-smokersperformedequallywell.3.Thenexttestwasmorecomplexrequiringalltoseesequencesof20identicallettersandrespondtheinstantoneoftheletterstransformedintoadifferentone.Nonsmokerswerefasterbutunderthestimulationofnicotine尼古丁activesmokerswerefasterthandeprivedsmokers.4.Inthethirdtestofshort-termmemorynon-smokersmadethefewesterrorsbutdeprivedsmokerscommittedfewererrorsthanactivesmokers.5.ThefourthtestrequiredpeopletoreadapassagethenanswerquestionsaboutitNon-smokersremembered19percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactivesmokersanddeprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbeforetesting.Activesmokerstendednotonlytohavepoorermemoriesbutalsohadtroubleseparatingimportantinformationfrominsignificantdetails.6.Asourtestsbecamemorecomplex.SumsupSpilichnon--smokersperformedbetterthansmokersbywiderandwidermargins.Hepredictssmokersmightperformadequatelyatmanyjobs--untiltheygotcomplicated.Asmokingairlinepilotcouldflyadequatelyifnoproblemsarosebutifsomethingwentwrongsmokingmightdamagehismentalcapacity./Thepurposeofthethirdtestistotestsubject’s______.A.computerscreenB.memoryC.vegetableD.mentalcapacityE.nicotineF.speed
Beforeanyperiodofexerciseitiswellworthspendingtwoorthreeminuteswarmingupwithaseriesofsimplestretchingexercises.Thisnotonlyhelpsyourjoints关节tomoveeasilybutalsopreparesallyourmusclegroupsformoreenergeticactivity.Itisratherlikeacatstretchingitselfbeforeitspringsintoaction.Herearefourmovementstodoinaneasyandunhurriedwaygentlystretchingeachactionwithoutforcingit.Repeateachmovementtentimesbreathingnormallythroughout.Ⅰ.Standingwithyourfeetapartpushbotharmsoutstraightinfrontofyoufingertipstouching.Raisethemaboveyourheadthendowntothesidespushingeacharmbackwardsatthesametime.Ⅱ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonhips臀部.Tipyourheadbackandlookstraightuptotheceiling.Rollyourheadroundslowlytofacetherightthenthefloorthentheleftandfinallyupattheceilingagain.Repeatintheotherdirection.Ⅲ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonyoursidesleanfirsttotherightandthentotheleftslidingthehanddownthesideoftheleg.Ⅳ.Standingfeetapartandarmsoutstraightinfrontwithyoureyesfixedonyourrighthandsswingyourrightarmroundtotherightkeepingitstraightasfarasitwillgo.Returnittothefrontandrepeatwiththeleftarm.Catsliketostretchbecauseitmakesthemfeelcomfortable.
1.PsychologistGeorgeSpilichandcolleaguesatWashingtonCollegeinChestertownMarylanddecidedtofindoutwhetherasmanysmokersaysmokinghelpsthemthinkandconcentrate.Spilichputyoungnon-smokersactivesmokersandsmokersdeprived被剥夺ofcigarettesthroughaseriesoftests.2.Inthefirsttesteachsubject试验对象satbeforeacomputerscreenandpressedakeyassoonasheorsherecognizedatargetletteramongagroupingof96.Inthissimpletestsmokersdeprivedsmokersandnon-smokersperformedequallywell.3.Thenexttestwasmorecomplexrequiringalltoseesequencesof20identicallettersandrespondtheinstantoneoftheletterstransformedintoadifferentone.Nonsmokerswerefasterbutunderthestimulationofnicotine尼古丁activesmokerswerefasterthandeprivedsmokers.4.Inthethirdtestofshort-termmemorynon-smokersmadethefewesterrorsbutdeprivedsmokerscommittedfewererrorsthanactivesmokers.5.ThefourthtestrequiredpeopletoreadapassagethenanswerquestionsaboutitNon-smokersremembered19percentmoreofthemostimportantinformationthanactivesmokersanddeprivedsmokersbestedthosewhohadsmokedacigarettejustbeforetesting.Activesmokerstendednotonlytohavepoorermemoriesbutalsohadtroubleseparatingimportantinformationfrominsignificantdetails.6.Asourtestsbecamemorecomplex.SumsupSpilichnon--smokersperformedbetterthansmokersbywiderandwidermargins.Hepredictssmokersmightperformadequatelyatmanyjobs--untiltheygotcomplicated.Asmokingairlinepilotcouldflyadequatelyifnoproblemsarosebutifsomethingwentwrongsmokingmightdamagehismentalcapacity./Smokingmightdestroypilot’s______.
Hospitalvisitscanbeunsettlingforall51andvisitorsareoftenunsureofhowtobehaveatthebedsideofsickfriendor52.Thismayexplainwhysomanypeopleshyawayfromahospitalvisit--notforfearofinfection53ratherofsayingthewrongthing.Byfollowingafewsimpleguidelinesthoughembarrassmentcaneasilybeavoided.Avisitisimportantforasickpersonbecauseitallowsthemto54socialcontactsaysKarlKoehleprofessorattheInstituteforPsychosomaticsandClinicalPsychologyatCologneUniversity.Visiting55hesayscanactuallystrengtheninterpersonalrelationships.Unfortunatelymanypeopleonlythinkofthisaspectduringthefirstfewweeks.Thenagainnot56patientmaywanttoreceivevisitors.Soit’salwaysadvisabletoarrangeavisit57withthesickpersonoraclosefriendorrelative.ThatappliesparticularlytovisitstoahomeevenmorethaninhospitalsaysIngeWolffheadoftheinternationalWorkingGrouponEtiquetteinBielefeld.Butmoderationis58.Therearefrequentcasesof59illpeoplebecomingworn60byanendlessstreamsofvisitors.That’swhenthedoctorsmightcallahalttoitsaysKoehlefromexperience.Andtheotherpatientsinthewardneedtobetakeninto61toosaysetiquetteexpertIngeWolff.Theycanoftenfeelpesteredbyaneighbour’sfrequentvisits.Mobilephonesshouldalwaysbeturnedoffandkeptoutof62duringavisit.Otherwisethesickpersoncouldgettheimpressionthatthevisitorreallyhasnotimeandwouldliketobeoffassoonasanopportunemoment63saysWolff.64hospitalsforbidtheuseofcellphonesinthevicinityofhospitalequipment.Visitorsshouldtakeasmallgiftsuchasanewspaperormagazine65abook.SweetsaretrickysaysIngeWolffbecausethepatientmaybeunderinstructionstokeeptoaspecialdiet.Alsothepresentshouldn’tbetoolargeoroverthetop--suchasahugebasketoffruit.
PriscillaOuchida’senergy-efficienthouseturnedouttobeahorribledream.Whensheandherengineerhusbandmarriedafewyearsagotheybuilta＄100000three-bedroomhomeinCalifornia.Tightlysealedtopreventairleaksthehousewasequippedwithsmalldouble-parted双层玻璃的windowsandseveralotherenergy-savingfeatures46.Priscilla’seyesburned.Herthroatwasconstantlydry.Shesufferedfromheadachesandcouldhardlysleep.47.48.Thelevelofformaldehyde甲醛gasinherkitchenwastwicethemaximumallowedbyfederalstandardsforchemicalworkers.ThesourceofthegasHernewkitchencabinetsandwall-to-wallcarpeting.TheOuchidasarevictimsofindoorairpollutionwhichisnotgivensufficientattentionpartlybecauseofthenation’sdrivetosaveenergy.49.TheindoorenvironmentwasdirtylongbeforeenergyconservationcamealongsaysMoschandreasapollutionscientistatGeometTechnologiesinMaryland.Energyconservationhastendedtoaccentuatethesituationinsomecases.Theproblemappearstobemoretroublesomeinnewlyconstructedhomesratherthanoldones.Backinthedayswhenenergywascheaphomebuildersdidn’tworrymuchaboutunsealedcracks.50.Asaresultthepollutantsgeneratedinmosthouseholdsseldombuiltuptodangerouslevels.A.Theproblemitselfisn’tnew.B.Expertsfinallytracedthecauseofherillness.C.Problemsbeganassoonasthecouplemovedinhowever.D.Theyspentalotofmoneyondecoratingthehouse.E.Becauseofsuchleakstheairinanaveragehomewasreplacedbyfreshoutdooraboutonceanhour.F.Itwasastoughshehadsuddenlydevelopedastrangeillness.
Hewasgivenapresentinacknowledgementofhisworkforthebusiness.
Hospitalvisitscanbeunsettlingforall51andvisitorsareoftenunsureofhowtobehaveatthebedsideofsickfriendor52.Thismayexplainwhysomanypeopleshyawayfromahospitalvisit--notforfearofinfection53ratherofsayingthewrongthing.Byfollowingafewsimpleguidelinesthoughembarrassmentcaneasilybeavoided.Avisitisimportantforasickpersonbecauseitallowsthemto54socialcontactsaysKarlKoehleprofessorattheInstituteforPsychosomaticsandClinicalPsychologyatCologneUniversity.Visiting55hesayscanactuallystrengtheninterpersonalrelationships.Unfortunatelymanypeopleonlythinkofthisaspectduringthefirstfewweeks.Thenagainnot56patientmaywanttoreceivevisitors.Soit’salwaysadvisabletoarrangeavisit57withthesickpersonoraclosefriendorrelative.ThatappliesparticularlytovisitstoahomeevenmorethaninhospitalsaysIngeWolffheadoftheinternationalWorkingGrouponEtiquetteinBielefeld.Butmoderationis58.Therearefrequentcasesof59illpeoplebecomingworn60byanendlessstreamsofvisitors.That’swhenthedoctorsmightcallahalttoitsaysKoehlefromexperience.Andtheotherpatientsinthewardneedtobetakeninto61toosaysetiquetteexpertIngeWolff.Theycanoftenfeelpesteredbyaneighbour’sfrequentvisits.Mobilephonesshouldalwaysbeturnedoffandkeptoutof62duringavisit.Otherwisethesickpersoncouldgettheimpressionthatthevisitorreallyhasnotimeandwouldliketobeoffassoonasanopportunemoment63saysWolff.64hospitalsforbidtheuseofcellphonesinthevicinityofhospitalequipment.Visitorsshouldtakeasmallgiftsuchasanewspaperormagazine65abook.SweetsaretrickysaysIngeWolffbecausethepatientmaybeunderinstructionstokeeptoaspecialdiet.Alsothepresentshouldn’tbetoolargeoroverthetop--suchasahugebasketoffruit.
Beforeanyperiodofexerciseitiswellworthspendingtwoorthreeminuteswarmingupwithaseriesofsimplestretchingexercises.Thisnotonlyhelpsyourjoints关节tomoveeasilybutalsopreparesallyourmusclegroupsformoreenergeticactivity.Itisratherlikeacatstretchingitselfbeforeitspringsintoaction.Herearefourmovementstodoinaneasyandunhurriedwaygentlystretchingeachactionwithoutforcingit.Repeateachmovementtentimesbreathingnormallythroughout.Ⅰ.Standingwithyourfeetapartpushbotharmsoutstraightinfrontofyoufingertipstouching.Raisethemaboveyourheadthendowntothesidespushingeacharmbackwardsatthesametime.Ⅱ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonhips臀部.Tipyourheadbackandlookstraightuptotheceiling.Rollyourheadroundslowlytofacetherightthenthefloorthentheleftandfinallyupattheceilingagain.Repeatintheotherdirection.Ⅲ.Standingwithyourfeetapartandhandsonyoursidesleanfirsttotherightandthentotheleftslidingthehanddownthesideoftheleg.Ⅳ.Standingfeetapartandarmsoutstraightinfrontwithyoureyesfixedonyourrighthandsswingyourrightarmroundtotherightkeepingitstraightasfarasitwillgo.Returnittothefrontandrepeatwiththeleftarm.Doingtheexercisetentimeseachdaycanimproveyourhealth.
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