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阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择C。 ...
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HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的段位后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?? ChineseDialects方言? ?TheenormousdifferencesinChinesedialectshavebeenacontinuing problemeversinceChinabecameanempirein221B.C.anditisonebig reasonwhythecountryhasremainedimpoverished贫穷.Ofthe600millionpeople whocallthemselvesChineseallbutaverysmallnumberspeakChinese.Butthe dialectsvarysowidelythatthespeechofPekingforexampleisasdifferent fromthespeechofCantonasEnglishisfromGerman.??Thereis ?tobesureonlyonewrittenlanguageforallChinabutitbearsno phonetic语音的relationshiptoanyofthespokendialects.Moreoverithasso manysymbolsthatonlyatinyportionofthepopulationhasevermastered it.??AsaresultmostChinesehavebeenisolatedforcenturies fromafreeflowofideasandfromtheeconomicprogressthatsuchaflow produces.Manydynastiestriedwithlittlesuccesstobreakdownthewall.After recognizingtheimportanceofhavingaliteratepeopleforworkingina technologicalworldandfordevelopinganeffectivepropaganda宣传machinethe presentgovernmentisputtingeverythingintotacklingthelanguageproblem.But theobstaclesaresoformidable难以应付的thattheresultscannotyetbe predicted.??Atthehearttheproblemisthedialects.The dialects’preventedtheevolutionofasinglewrittenlanguagebasedon phonetics.InsteadtheChinesewereforcedtodevelopasystemthathasno relationtosoundandtheyhaveclungtoitformorethan3000years.When thissystemisappliedtoawholelanguageitresultsinanoverwhelmingnumber ofsymbols.??Thereareabout50000entriesinaChinese dictionarynotcountingthecompounds复合词.InordertobeliterateaChinese mustlearn6000;tobemoderatelyeducated12000.AnEnglish-speakingchild havingtoconqueronlyatwenty-six-letteralphabethasusuallylearnedtoread bythetimehebeginsthethirdgrade.AChinesechildneedsatleastfivemore yearsofelementarylearning;intheseventhgradehecanbarelyreadaChinese newspaper.??A.DealingwiththeProblemofVarious Dialects??B.DifficultiesinLearningChinese??C. FeaturesofChineseDialects??D.DifferencesinChinese Dialects??E.DialectsasHeartoftheProblem??F. WaysoftheGovernmenttoTackletheProblemParagraph3______
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ?? TheFirstNavigationalLights? ?IntheNewWorldthefirstnavigationallightswereprobablylanternshung atharborentrances.ThefirstlighthousewasputupbytheMassachusettsBay Colonyin1716onlittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor.Paid forandmaintainedbylightduesleviedonshipstheoriginalbeaconwas blownupin1776.Bythentherewereonlyadozenofsotruelighthousesinthe colonies.Littleoveracenturylatertherewere700lighthouses.? ?Thefirsteightlighthouseserectedonthewestcoastinthe1850’s featuredthesamebasicnewEnglanddesign:aCapeCoddwellingwiththetower risingfromthecenterorstandingcloseby.InNewEnglandandelsewhere thoughlighthousesreflectedavarietyofarchitecturalstyles.Sincemost stationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminencesenormoustowerswere nottherule.Someweremadeofstoneandbrickothersofwoodormetal.Some stoodonpilingsorstilts;Somewerefastenedtorockwithironrods.Farther southfromMarylandthroughtheFloridaKeysthecoastwaslowandsandyit wasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowerstheremassivestructureslikethe majesticCapeHatterasNorthCarolinalighthousewhichwaslitin1870.At190 feetisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry.? ?NotwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstructionmostAmerican lighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alightlivingquartersandsometimesa belllaterafoghorn.Theyalsohadsomethingelseincommonakeeperand usuallythekeeper’sfamily.Thekeeper’sessentialtaskwastrimmingthe lanternwickinordertomaintainasteadybrightflame.Theearliestkeepers camefromeverywalkoflife;theywereseamenfarmersmechanicsroughmill handsandappointmentswereoftenhandedoutbylocalcustomscommissionersas politicalplums.Aftertheadministrationoflighthouseswastakenoverin1852 bytheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoardanagencyoftheTreasuryDepartmentthe keepergraduallybecamehighlyprofessional.ItmaybeinferredfromthepassagethatlighthousesintheNortheastdidnotneedhightowersbecause______.
Thepolicearrestedthesuspectyesterdayand{{U}}released{{/U}}himthismorning.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ?? ArtificialSpeech? ?Becausespeechisthemostconvenientformofcommunicationinthefuture wewantessentiallynaturalconversationswithcomputers.Theprimarypointof contactwillbeasimpledevicethatwillactasourwindowintotheworld.It willhavetobesmallenoughtoslipintopourpocketsotherewillbeascreen butnokeyboard:youwillsimplytalktoit.Thedevicewillbepermanently connectedtotheInternetandwillbeeprelevantinformationuptoyouasit comesin.Suchdeviceswillevolvenaturallyinthenextfivetoten years.??Justhowquicklypeoplewilladapttoavoice-based Internetworldisuncertain.Manybelievethatinitiallyatleastwewillneed similarconventionsforthevoicetothoseweuseatpresentonscreen:click backforwardandsoon.Butsoonyouwillundoubtedlybeabletointeractby voicewithallthoseIT-basedservicesyoucurrentlyconnectwithoverthe Internetbymeansofakeyboard.ThiswillhelptheInternetservetheentire population.??Changeslikethiswillencompass围绕包围thewhole world.BecauseEnglishisthelanguageofscienceitwillprobablyremainthe languageinwhichthetechnologyismostadvancedbutmostspeechrecognition techniquesaretransferabletootherlanguagesprovided假如若是thereis sufficientmotivationtoundertakethework.??Ofcourseinany languagetherearestillhugeproblemsforLIStosolve.Carefullydictated dearspeechcannowbeunderstoodbycomputerswithonlya4～5percenterror ratebuteventhemostadvancedtechnologystillrecords30～40percenterrors withspontaneous’speech.Withintenyearswewillhavecomputersthatrespond togoal-directedconversationbutforacomputertohaveaconversationthat takesintoaccounthumansocialbehaviorsisprobably50yearsoff.Wearenot goingtobechattingtothebigscreeninthelivingroomjustyet.? ?InthepastinsufficientspeedandmemoryhaveheldLISbackbutthese daystheyarelessofanissue.HowevertherearethoseintheITcommunitywho believethatcurrenttechniqueswilleventuallyhitabrickwall.PersonallyI believethatincremental不断增长的developmentsinperformancearemorelikely.But itistruethatbyabout2040orsocomputerarchitectureswillneedtobecome highlyparallel并行的ifperformanceistokeepincreasing.Perhapsthatwill inspiresomeradicallynew?approaches?to?speech ?understanding?that?will?replace?the?methods ?we?aredevelopingnow.Computerscanunderstandclearandcarefullydictatedspeechmoreaccuratelythanspontaneousspeech.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ?? ArtificialSpeech? ?Becausespeechisthemostconvenientformofcommunicationinthefuture wewantessentiallynaturalconversationswithcomputers.Theprimarypointof contactwillbeasimpledevicethatwillactasourwindowintotheworld.It willhavetobesmallenoughtoslipintopourpocketsotherewillbeascreen butnokeyboard:youwillsimplytalktoit.Thedevicewillbepermanently connectedtotheInternetandwillbeeprelevantinformationuptoyouasit comesin.Suchdeviceswillevolvenaturallyinthenextfivetoten years.??Justhowquicklypeoplewilladapttoavoice-based Internetworldisuncertain.Manybelievethatinitiallyatleastwewillneed similarconventionsforthevoicetothoseweuseatpresentonscreen:click backforwardandsoon.Butsoonyouwillundoubtedlybeabletointeractby voicewithallthoseIT-basedservicesyoucurrentlyconnectwithoverthe Internetbymeansofakeyboard.ThiswillhelptheInternetservetheentire population.??Changeslikethiswillencompass围绕包围thewhole world.BecauseEnglishisthelanguageofscienceitwillprobablyremainthe languageinwhichthetechnologyismostadvancedbutmostspeechrecognition techniquesaretransferabletootherlanguagesprovided假如若是thereis sufficientmotivationtoundertakethework.??Ofcourseinany languagetherearestillhugeproblemsforLIStosolve.Carefullydictated dearspeechcannowbeunderstoodbycomputerswithonlya4～5percenterror ratebuteventhemostadvancedtechnologystillrecords30～40percenterrors withspontaneous’speech.Withintenyearswewillhavecomputersthatrespond togoal-directedconversationbutforacomputertohaveaconversationthat takesintoaccounthumansocialbehaviorsisprobably50yearsoff.Wearenot goingtobechattingtothebigscreeninthelivingroomjustyet.? ?InthepastinsufficientspeedandmemoryhaveheldLISbackbutthese daystheyarelessofanissue.HowevertherearethoseintheITcommunitywho believethatcurrenttechniqueswilleventuallyhitabrickwall.PersonallyI believethatincremental不断增长的developmentsinperformancearemorelikely.But itistruethatbyabout2040orsocomputerarchitectureswillneedtobecome highlyparallel并行的ifperformanceistokeepincreasing.Perhapsthatwill inspiresomeradicallynew?approaches?to?speech ?understanding?that?will?replace?the?methods ?we?aredevelopingnow.Accordingtothewritercurrenttechniquehasnoroomforimprovement.
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ?? TheFirstNavigationalLights? ?IntheNewWorldthefirstnavigationallightswereprobablylanternshung atharborentrances.ThefirstlighthousewasputupbytheMassachusettsBay Colonyin1716onlittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor.Paid forandmaintainedbylightduesleviedonshipstheoriginalbeaconwas blownupin1776.Bythentherewereonlyadozenofsotruelighthousesinthe colonies.Littleoveracenturylatertherewere700lighthouses.? ?Thefirsteightlighthouseserectedonthewestcoastinthe1850’s featuredthesamebasicnewEnglanddesign:aCapeCoddwellingwiththetower risingfromthecenterorstandingcloseby.InNewEnglandandelsewhere thoughlighthousesreflectedavarietyofarchitecturalstyles.Sincemost stationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminencesenormoustowerswere nottherule.Someweremadeofstoneandbrickothersofwoodormetal.Some stoodonpilingsorstilts;Somewerefastenedtorockwithironrods.Farther southfromMarylandthroughtheFloridaKeysthecoastwaslowandsandyit wasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowerstheremassivestructureslikethe majesticCapeHatterasNorthCarolinalighthousewhichwaslitin1870.At190 feetisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry.? ?NotwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstructionmostAmerican lighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alightlivingquartersandsometimesa belllaterafoghorn.Theyalsohadsomethingelseincommonakeeperand usuallythekeeper’sfamily.Thekeeper’sessentialtaskwastrimmingthe lanternwickinordertomaintainasteadybrightflame.Theearliestkeepers camefromeverywalkoflife;theywereseamenfarmersmechanicsroughmill handsandappointmentswereoftenhandedoutbylocalcustomscommissionersas politicalplums.Aftertheadministrationoflighthouseswastakenoverin1852 bytheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoardanagencyoftheTreasuryDepartmentthe keepergraduallybecamehighlyprofessional.WecanknowfromthepassagethatthecoastofNorthCarolinais______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ?? WaystoCreateColorsina Photograph??Therearetwowaystocreatecolorsin aphotograph.Onemethodcalledadditivestartswiththreebasiccolorsand addsthemtogethertoproducesomeothercolor.Thesecondmethodcalled subtractivestartswithwhitelightamixtureofallcolorsinthespectrum光谱 andbytakingawaysomeorallothercolorsleavestheonedesired.? ?Intheadditivemethodseparatecoloredlightscombinetoproducevarious othercolors.Thethreeadditiveprimarycolorsaregreenredandblueeach providingaboutone-thirdofthewavelengthsinthetotalspectrum.Mixedin varyingproportionstheycanproduceallcolors.Greenandredlightmixto produceyellowredandbluelightmixtoproducemagentaapurplishpink; greenandbluemixtoproducecyanabluishgreen.Whenequalpartsofall threeoftheseprimary-coloredbeamsoflightoverlap重叠themixtureappears whitetotheeye.??Inthesubtractiveprocesscolorsareproduced whendye染料absorbssomewavelengthsandsopassesononlypartofthe spectrum.Thesubtractiveprimariesarecyanmagentaandyellow;these primariesordyesabsorbredgreenandbluewavelengthsrespectivelythus subtractingthemfromwhitelight.Thesedyecolorsarethecomplementarycolors tothethreeadditiveprimariesofredgreenandblue.Properlycombinedthe subtractiveprimariescanabsorballcolorsoflightproducingblack.But mixedinvaryingproportionstheyalsocanproduceanycolorinthe spectrum.??Whether3particularcolorsisobtainedbyadding coloredlightstogetherorbysubtractingsomelightfromthetotalspectrum theresultlooksthesametotheeye.Theadditiveprocesswasemployedfor earlycolorphotography.Butthesubtractivemethodwhilerequiringcomplex chemicaltechniqueshasturnedouttobemorepracticalandisthebasisofall moderncolorfilms.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhitecanbeproducedby______.
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ?? TheFirstNavigationalLights? ?IntheNewWorldthefirstnavigationallightswereprobablylanternshung atharborentrances.ThefirstlighthousewasputupbytheMassachusettsBay Colonyin1716onlittleBrewsterIslandattheentrancetoBostonHarbor.Paid forandmaintainedbylightduesleviedonshipstheoriginalbeaconwas blownupin1776.Bythentherewereonlyadozenofsotruelighthousesinthe colonies.Littleoveracenturylatertherewere700lighthouses.? ?Thefirsteightlighthouseserectedonthewestcoastinthe1850’s featuredthesamebasicnewEnglanddesign:aCapeCoddwellingwiththetower risingfromthecenterorstandingcloseby.InNewEnglandandelsewhere thoughlighthousesreflectedavarietyofarchitecturalstyles.Sincemost stationsintheNortheastwerebuiltonrockyeminencesenormoustowerswere nottherule.Someweremadeofstoneandbrickothersofwoodormetal.Some stoodonpilingsorstilts;Somewerefastenedtorockwithironrods.Farther southfromMarylandthroughtheFloridaKeysthecoastwaslowandsandyit wasoftennecessarytobuildtalltowerstheremassivestructureslikethe majesticCapeHatterasNorthCarolinalighthousewhichwaslitin1870.At190 feetisthetallestbricklighthouseinthecountry.? ?NotwithstandingdifferencesinappearanceandconstructionmostAmerican lighthousessharedseveralfeatures:alightlivingquartersandsometimesa belllaterafoghorn.Theyalsohadsomethingelseincommonakeeperand usuallythekeeper’sfamily.Thekeeper’sessentialtaskwastrimmingthe lanternwickinordertomaintainasteadybrightflame.Theearliestkeepers camefromeverywalkoflife;theywereseamenfarmersmechanicsroughmill handsandappointmentswereoftenhandedoutbylocalcustomscommissionersas politicalplums.Aftertheadministrationoflighthouseswastakenoverin1852 bytheUnitedStatesLighthouseBoardanagencyoftheTreasuryDepartmentthe keepergraduallybecamehighlyprofessional.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?
{{*HTML*}}??A.Chinafailedtodevelopasinglewrittenlanguagebasedon phonetics??B.aChinesechildissupposedtolearnmuchmore wordsthanhisEnglishspeakingcounterpart??C.Chinesedialects differfromeachothertoagreatextent??D.theChineselanguage systemhasnorelationtosound??E.educatemorepeopletolearn thesamelanguage??F.thereisonlyasmallpartofthe populationwhounderstandthelargenumberofsymbolsTheresultoftheenormousdifferencesinChinesedialectsasfarastheauthorisconcernedisthat______.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?? PushbikePeril??Low speedbicyclecrashescanbadlyinjureorevenkillchildreniftheyfallonto theendofthehandlebars自行车把.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}? ?KristyArbogastabioengineer生物工程师attheChildren’sHospitalof PhiladelphiainPennsylvaniabegantheprojectwithhercolleaguesaftera studyofseriousabdominal腹部的injuresinchildreninthepast30yearsand showingthatmorethanathirdwerecausedbybicycleaccident.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}??Byinterviewingthechildrenandtheirparents Kristyandherteamwereabletoreconstructmanyoftheaccidentsand identifiedacommonmechanismresponsibleforseriousinjuries.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}Tomaintaintheirbalancetheyturnthehandlebarsthrough90 degreesbuttheirmomentum动力forcesthemintotheendofthehandlebars. {{U}}?49?{{/U}}??Thesolutionthegroupcameupwithis ahandgrip握柄fittedwithaspringanddamping缓冲system.Thespring absorbsupto50percentoftheforcestransmittedthroughthehandlebarsinan impact.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}Butourtaskhasbeenoneofeducationbecause upuntilnowbicyclemanufactureswereunawareoftheproblemsays Kristy.??ThetermhasalsoapproachedtheU.S.ConsumerProduct SafetyCommissiontotrytopersuademanufacturestoadoptthenewdesign.A decisionisexpectedlaterthisyear.??A.Thetaskaccordingto Kristywastoidentifyhowtheinjuriesoccurredandtocomeupwithsome countermeasures对策.??B.Thegrouphopestocommercialize 使商业化thedevicewhichshouldaddonlyafewdollarstothecostofa bike.??C.Soateamofengineersisredesigning重新设计thehumble handlebarinabidtomakeitsafer.??D.Whenthetaskisover theengineersbelievethereareprobablynosuchinjuriesortragediesamong bicycle-drivers.??E.Thebikethenfallsoverandtheotherend ofthehandlebarshitsthegroundrammingitintotheirabdomen.? ?F.Theydiscoveredthatmostinjuriesoccurwhenchildrenhitanobstacle ataslowspeedcausingthemtotoppleover.
{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题确定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ?? NarcoticAddiction麻醉品依赖? ?Heroin海洛因addictiontodayisfoundchieflyamongyoungpeopleinghetto areas贫农区ofthemorethan60000knownaddictsmorethanhalfliveinNew YorkState.MostoftheseliveinNewYorkCity.Recentfiguresshowthatmore thanhalfoftheaddictsarelessthan30yearsofage.? ?Narcotic麻醉剂addictionintheUnitedStatesisnotlimitedtoheroin users.Somemiddle-agedandolderpersonswhotakenarcoticdrugsregularlyto relievepaincanalsobecomeaddicted.Sodosomepeoplewhocangetdrugs easilysuchasdoctorsnursesanddruggists.Studiesshowthatthistypeof addicthaspersonalityandemotionalproblemsverysimilartothoseofother regularnarcoticusers.??Manyaddictsadmitthatgettinga continuedsupplyisthemainobjectiveoftheirlives.Hisconcentrationon gettingdrugsoftenprevents.theaddictfromcontinuinghiseducationorhis job.Hishealthisoftenpoor.Hemaybesickonedayfromeffectsof withdrawal撤退这里指不__andsickthenextfromanoverdose__过量.Statisticsshow thathislifespan寿命maybeshortedby15～20years.Heisusuallyintrouble withhisfamilyandalmostalwaysintroublewiththelaw.??Some studiessuggestthatmanyoftheknownnarcoticaddictshadsometroublewith thelawbeforetheybecameaddicted.Onceaddictedtheymayevenbecomemore involvedwithcrimebecauseitcostssomuchtosupporttheheroin habit.??Mostauthoritiesagreethattheaddict’sinvolvementwith crimeisnotadirecteffectofthedrugitself.Turningtocrimeisusuallythe onlywayhehasofgettingthatmuchmoney.Hiscrimesarealwaystheftsor othercrimesagainstproperty.??Federalpenaltiesforillegal usageofnarcoticswereestablishedundertheHarrisonAct哈里森法案令of1914.The Actprovides规定thatillegalpossessionofnarcoticsispunishedbyfinesor imprisonment.Sentencescanrangefrom2～10yearsforfurther offences.??Illegalsaleofnarcoticscanmeanafineof$20000 andasentencefrom20～40yearsforlateroffences.Apersonwhosellsnarcotics tosomeoneunder18isrefusedparole假释andprobation假释和缓刑evenforthe firstoffences.Ifthedrugisheroinhecanbesentencedtolifeimprisonment ortodeath.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat______.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的段位后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个最佳标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项 ?? ChineseDialects方言? ?TheenormousdifferencesinChinesedialectshavebeenacontinuing problemeversinceChinabecameanempirein221B.C.anditisonebig reasonwhythecountryhasremainedimpoverished贫穷.Ofthe600millionpeople whocallthemselvesChineseallbutaverysmallnumberspeakChinese.Butthe dialectsvarysowidelythatthespeechofPekingforexampleisasdifferent fromthespeechofCantonasEnglishisfromGerman.??Thereis ?tobesureonlyonewrittenlanguageforallChinabutitbearsno phonetic语音的relationshiptoanyofthespokendialects.Moreoverithasso manysymbolsthatonlyatinyportionofthepopulationhasevermastered it.??AsaresultmostChinesehavebeenisolatedforcenturies fromafreeflowofideasandfromtheeconomicprogressthatsuchaflow produces.Manydynastiestriedwithlittlesuccesstobreakdownthewall.After recognizingtheimportanceofhavingaliteratepeopleforworkingina technologicalworldandfordevelopinganeffectivepropaganda宣传machinethe presentgovernmentisputtingeverythingintotacklingthelanguageproblem.But theobstaclesaresoformidable难以应付的thattheresultscannotyetbe predicted.??Atthehearttheproblemisthedialects.The dialects’preventedtheevolutionofasinglewrittenlanguagebasedon phonetics.InsteadtheChinesewereforcedtodevelopasystemthathasno relationtosoundandtheyhaveclungtoitformorethan3000years.When thissystemisappliedtoawholelanguageitresultsinanoverwhelmingnumber ofsymbols.??Thereareabout50000entriesinaChinese dictionarynotcountingthecompounds复合词.InordertobeliterateaChinese mustlearn6000;tobemoderatelyeducated12000.AnEnglish-speakingchild havingtoconqueronlyatwenty-six-letteralphabethasusuallylearnedtoread bythetimehebeginsthethirdgrade.AChinesechildneedsatleastfivemore yearsofelementarylearning;intheseventhgradehecanbarelyreadaChinese newspaper.??A.DealingwiththeProblemofVarious Dialects??B.DifficultiesinLearningChinese??C. FeaturesofChineseDialects??D.DifferencesinChinese Dialects??E.DialectsasHeartoftheProblem??F. WaysoftheGovernmenttoTackletheProblemParagraph5______
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{{*HTML*}}??下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题请根据短文内容为每题确定1个最佳选项{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ?? NarcoticAddiction麻醉品依赖? ?Heroin海洛因addictiontodayisfoundchieflyamongyoungpeopleinghetto areas贫农区ofthemorethan60000knownaddictsmorethanhalfliveinNew YorkState.MostoftheseliveinNewYorkCity.Recentfiguresshowthatmore thanhalfoftheaddictsarelessthan30yearsofage.? ?Narcotic麻醉剂addictionintheUnitedStatesisnotlimitedtoheroin users.Somemiddle-agedandolderpersonswhotakenarcoticdrugsregularlyto relievepaincanalsobecomeaddicted.Sodosomepeoplewhocangetdrugs easilysuchasdoctorsnursesanddruggists.Studiesshowthatthistypeof addicthaspersonalityandemotionalproblemsverysimilartothoseofother regularnarcoticusers.??Manyaddictsadmitthatgettinga continuedsupplyisthemainobjectiveoftheirlives.Hisconcentrationon gettingdrugsoftenprevents.theaddictfromcontinuinghiseducationorhis job.Hishealthisoftenpoor.Hemaybesickonedayfromeffectsof withdrawal撤退这里指不__andsickthenextfromanoverdose__过量.Statisticsshow thathislifespan寿命maybeshortedby15～20years.Heisusuallyintrouble withhisfamilyandalmostalwaysintroublewiththelaw.??Some studiessuggestthatmanyoftheknownnarcoticaddictshadsometroublewith thelawbeforetheybecameaddicted.Onceaddictedtheymayevenbecomemore involvedwithcrimebecauseitcostssomuchtosupporttheheroin habit.??Mostauthoritiesagreethattheaddict’sinvolvementwith crimeisnotadirecteffectofthedrugitself.Turningtocrimeisusuallythe onlywayhehasofgettingthatmuchmoney.Hiscrimesarealwaystheftsor othercrimesagainstproperty.??Federalpenaltiesforillegal usageofnarcoticswereestablishedundertheHarrisonAct哈里森法案令of1914.The Actprovides规定thatillegalpossessionofnarcoticsispunishedbyfinesor imprisonment.Sentencescanrangefrom2～10yearsforfurther offences.??Illegalsaleofnarcoticscanmeanafineof$20000 andasentencefrom20～40yearsforlateroffences.Apersonwhosellsnarcotics tosomeoneunder18isrefusedparole假释andprobation假释和缓刑evenforthe firstoffences.Ifthedrugisheroinhecanbesentencedtolifeimprisonment ortodeath.Astudentwhobecomesaddictedtodrugsmay______.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?? PushbikePeril??Low speedbicyclecrashescanbadlyinjureorevenkillchildreniftheyfallonto theendofthehandlebars自行车把.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}? ?KristyArbogastabioengineer生物工程师attheChildren’sHospitalof PhiladelphiainPennsylvaniabegantheprojectwithhercolleaguesaftera studyofseriousabdominal腹部的injuresinchildreninthepast30yearsand showingthatmorethanathirdwerecausedbybicycleaccident.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}??Byinterviewingthechildrenandtheirparents Kristyandherteamwereabletoreconstructmanyoftheaccidentsand identifiedacommonmechanismresponsibleforseriousinjuries.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}Tomaintaintheirbalancetheyturnthehandlebarsthrough90 degreesbuttheirmomentum动力forcesthemintotheendofthehandlebars. {{U}}?49?{{/U}}??Thesolutionthegroupcameupwithis ahandgrip握柄fittedwithaspringanddamping缓冲system.Thespring absorbsupto50percentoftheforcestransmittedthroughthehandlebarsinan impact.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}Butourtaskhasbeenoneofeducationbecause upuntilnowbicyclemanufactureswereunawareoftheproblemsays Kristy.??ThetermhasalsoapproachedtheU.S.ConsumerProduct SafetyCommissiontotrytopersuademanufacturestoadoptthenewdesign.A decisionisexpectedlaterthisyear.??A.Thetaskaccordingto Kristywastoidentifyhowtheinjuriesoccurredandtocomeupwithsome countermeasures对策.??B.Thegrouphopestocommercialize 使商业化thedevicewhichshouldaddonlyafewdollarstothecostofa bike.??C.Soateamofengineersisredesigning重新设计thehumble handlebarinabidtomakeitsafer.??D.Whenthetaskisover theengineersbelievethereareprobablynosuchinjuriesortragediesamong bicycle-drivers.??E.Thebikethenfallsoverandtheotherend ofthehandlebarshitsthegroundrammingitintotheirabdomen.? ?F.Theydiscoveredthatmostinjuriesoccurwhenchildrenhitanobstacle ataslowspeedcausingthemtotoppleover.{{*HTML*}}
{{*HTML*}}??下面的短文有5处空白短文后有6个句子其中5个取自短文请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?? PushbikePeril??Low speedbicyclecrashescanbadlyinjureorevenkillchildreniftheyfallonto theendofthehandlebars自行车把.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}? ?KristyArbogastabioengineer生物工程师attheChildren’sHospitalof PhiladelphiainPennsylvaniabegantheprojectwithhercolleaguesaftera studyofseriousabdominal腹部的injuresinchildreninthepast30yearsand showingthatmorethanathirdwerecausedbybicycleaccident.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}??Byinterviewingthechildrenandtheirparents Kristyandherteamwereabletoreconstructmanyoftheaccidentsand identifiedacommonmechanismresponsibleforseriousinjuries.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}Tomaintaintheirbalancetheyturnthehandlebarsthrough90 degreesbuttheirmomentum动力forcesthemintotheendofthehandlebars. {{U}}?49?{{/U}}??Thesolutionthegroupcameupwithis ahandgrip握柄fittedwithaspringanddamping缓冲system.Thespring absorbsupto50percentoftheforcestransmittedthroughthehandlebarsinan impact.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}Butourtaskhasbeenoneofeducationbecause upuntilnowbicyclemanufactureswereunawareoftheproblemsays Kristy.??ThetermhasalsoapproachedtheU.S.ConsumerProduct SafetyCommissiontotrytopersuademanufacturestoadoptthenewdesign.A decisionisexpectedlaterthisyear.??A.Thetaskaccordingto Kristywastoidentifyhowtheinjuriesoccurredandtocomeupwithsome countermeasures对策.??B.Thegrouphopestocommercialize 使商业化thedevicewhichshouldaddonlyafewdollarstothecostofa bike.??C.Soateamofengineersisredesigning重新设计thehumble handlebarinabidtomakeitsafer.??D.Whenthetaskisover theengineersbelievethereareprobablynosuchinjuriesortragediesamong bicycle-drivers.??E.Thebikethenfallsoverandtheotherend ofthehandlebarshitsthegroundrammingitintotheirabdomen.? ?F.Theydiscoveredthatmostinjuriesoccurwhenchildrenhitanobstacle ataslowspeedcausingthemtotoppleover.
{{*HTML*}}??A.Chinafailedtodevelopasinglewrittenlanguagebasedon phonetics??B.aChinesechildissupposedtolearnmuchmore wordsthanhisEnglishspeakingcounterpart??C.Chinesedialects differfromeachothertoagreatextent??D.theChineselanguage systemhasnorelationtosound??E.educatemorepeopletolearn thesamelanguage??F.thereisonlyasmallpartofthe populationwhounderstandthelargenumberofsymbolsWhenaChineseandanEnglish-speakingchildlearntheirownlanguagetheirbiggestdifferenceliesinthefactthat______.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ?? ArtificialSpeech? ?Becausespeechisthemostconvenientformofcommunicationinthefuture wewantessentiallynaturalconversationswithcomputers.Theprimarypointof contactwillbeasimpledevicethatwillactasourwindowintotheworld.It willhavetobesmallenoughtoslipintopourpocketsotherewillbeascreen butnokeyboard:youwillsimplytalktoit.Thedevicewillbepermanently connectedtotheInternetandwillbeeprelevantinformationuptoyouasit comesin.Suchdeviceswillevolvenaturallyinthenextfivetoten years.??Justhowquicklypeoplewilladapttoavoice-based Internetworldisuncertain.Manybelievethatinitiallyatleastwewillneed similarconventionsforthevoicetothoseweuseatpresentonscreen:click backforwardandsoon.Butsoonyouwillundoubtedlybeabletointeractby voicewithallthoseIT-basedservicesyoucurrentlyconnectwithoverthe Internetbymeansofakeyboard.ThiswillhelptheInternetservetheentire population.??Changeslikethiswillencompass围绕包围thewhole world.BecauseEnglishisthelanguageofscienceitwillprobablyremainthe languageinwhichthetechnologyismostadvancedbutmostspeechrecognition techniquesaretransferabletootherlanguagesprovided假如若是thereis sufficientmotivationtoundertakethework.??Ofcourseinany languagetherearestillhugeproblemsforLIStosolve.Carefullydictated dearspeechcannowbeunderstoodbycomputerswithonlya4～5percenterror ratebuteventhemostadvancedtechnologystillrecords30～40percenterrors withspontaneous’speech.Withintenyearswewillhavecomputersthatrespond togoal-directedconversationbutforacomputertohaveaconversationthat takesintoaccounthumansocialbehaviorsisprobably50yearsoff.Wearenot goingtobechattingtothebigscreeninthelivingroomjustyet.? ?InthepastinsufficientspeedandmemoryhaveheldLISbackbutthese daystheyarelessofanissue.HowevertherearethoseintheITcommunitywho believethatcurrenttechniqueswilleventuallyhitabrickwall.PersonallyI believethatincremental不断增长的developmentsinperformancearemorelikely.But itistruethatbyabout2040orsocomputerarchitectureswillneedtobecome highlyparallel并行的ifperformanceistokeepincreasing.Perhapsthatwill inspiresomeradicallynew?approaches?to?speech ?understanding?that?will?replace?the?methods ?we?aredevelopingnow.Inthefuturepeoplewilltalktocomputerinsteadoftypingandclicking.
HeartAttack IntheUnitedStatesandespeciallyinbigcitiesandruralareastensofthousandsofpeoplewithheartsthatshouldbegood【51】tokeepthemalivedieeachyearforlackofadequatefirstaid.InNewYorkCityforexampleanewstudyhasshownthatonlyonepersonin100outsideofhospitals【52】aftertheheartsuddenlystopspumping.IncontrastinSeattlethesurvival【53】aftersuchheartattacksisoneinfive. Thedifferencecanbetraced【54】theeffectivenessofthechainofsurvivalDr.JosephP.Ornatosaid.Eachlinkinthe【55】mustbestrongenoughformanylivestobe【56】. Thechainbeginswithanimmediatetelephone【57】foremergencyhelpandthestartwithinfourminutesoftheprocessneededforrestartingthe【58】workingbyafamilymemberorbystander旁观者. Itcontinueswiththepromptarrival-------withineight【59】tenminutesofarescuerequippedwithaspecialinstrumentthatcanshocktheheartbacktoanormalrhythm.Anditendswiththeadministration给予实施ofadvanced先进emergencycarebynursestomaintaintheheart’’sabilitytosurviveuntilthedoctorsatthehospitalscantake【60】Whenoneormorelinksinthischainfailorfunctiontooslowlythe【61】ofavictimsurvivingheartattackfallsrapidly.Becauseofwidespreadweaknessesinthechainof【62】expertsinemergencyheartcareestimatethat20000to80000people【63】needlesslyofheartattackeachyearanumbercomparabletothe55000killedannuallyinautomobile【64】. OneexpertsaysSendinganemergencyvehicletoaheartattackvictim【65】thespecialequipmentislikehavingpolicemenwithgunsbutnobullets.Theymayputonagoodshowbuttheylacktheweaponneededtogetthejobdone.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面的短文后列出了7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断如果该句提的是正确信息请选择A如果该句提是错误信息请选择B如果该句的信息文中没有提及请选择C ?? ArtificialSpeech? ?Becausespeechisthemostconvenientformofcommunicationinthefuture wewantessentiallynaturalconversationswithcomputers.Theprimarypointof contactwillbeasimpledevicethatwillactasourwindowintotheworld.It willhavetobesmallenoughtoslipintopourpocketsotherewillbeascreen butnokeyboard:youwillsimplytalktoit.Thedevicewillbepermanently connectedtotheInternetandwillbeeprelevantinformationuptoyouasit comesin.Suchdeviceswillevolvenaturallyinthenextfivetoten years.??Justhowquicklypeoplewilladapttoavoice-based Internetworldisuncertain.Manybelievethatinitiallyatleastwewillneed similarconventionsforthevoicetothoseweuseatpresentonscreen:click backforwardandsoon.Butsoonyouwillundoubtedlybeabletointeractby voicewithallthoseIT-basedservicesyoucurrentlyconnectwithoverthe Internetbymeansofakeyboard.ThiswillhelptheInternetservetheentire population.??Changeslikethiswillencompass围绕包围thewhole world.BecauseEnglishisthelanguageofscienceitwillprobablyremainthe languageinwhichthetechnologyismostadvancedbutmostspeechrecognition techniquesaretransferabletootherlanguagesprovided假如若是thereis sufficientmotivationtoundertakethework.??Ofcourseinany languagetherearestillhugeproblemsforLIStosolve.Carefullydictated dearspeechcannowbeunderstoodbycomputerswithonlya4～5percenterror ratebuteventhemostadvancedtechnologystillrecords30～40percenterrors withspontaneous’speech.Withintenyearswewillhavecomputersthatrespond togoal-directedconversationbutforacomputertohaveaconversationthat takesintoaccounthumansocialbehaviorsisprobably50yearsoff.Wearenot goingtobechattingtothebigscreeninthelivingroomjustyet.? ?InthepastinsufficientspeedandmemoryhaveheldLISbackbutthese daystheyarelessofanissue.HowevertherearethoseintheITcommunitywho believethatcurrenttechniqueswilleventuallyhitabrickwall.PersonallyI believethatincremental不断增长的developmentsinperformancearemorelikely.But itistruethatbyabout2040orsocomputerarchitectureswillneedtobecome highlyparallel并行的ifperformanceistokeepincreasing.Perhapsthatwill inspiresomeradicallynew?approaches?to?speech ?understanding?that?will?replace?the?methods ?we?aredevelopingnow.BesidesEnglishFrenchisanotherfrequentlyusedlanguageofscience.
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ?? WaystoCreateColorsina Photograph??Therearetwowaystocreatecolorsin aphotograph.Onemethodcalledadditivestartswiththreebasiccolorsand addsthemtogethertoproducesomeothercolor.Thesecondmethodcalled subtractivestartswithwhitelightamixtureofallcolorsinthespectrum光谱 andbytakingawaysomeorallothercolorsleavestheonedesired.? ?Intheadditivemethodseparatecoloredlightscombinetoproducevarious othercolors.Thethreeadditiveprimarycolorsaregreenredandblueeach providingaboutone-thirdofthewavelengthsinthetotalspectrum.Mixedin varyingproportionstheycanproduceallcolors.Greenandredlightmixto produceyellowredandbluelightmixtoproducemagentaapurplishpink; greenandbluemixtoproducecyanabluishgreen.Whenequalpartsofall threeoftheseprimary-coloredbeamsoflightoverlap重叠themixtureappears whitetotheeye.??Inthesubtractiveprocesscolorsareproduced whendye染料absorbssomewavelengthsandsopassesononlypartofthe spectrum.Thesubtractiveprimariesarecyanmagentaandyellow;these primariesordyesabsorbredgreenandbluewavelengthsrespectivelythus subtractingthemfromwhitelight.Thesedyecolorsarethecomplementarycolors tothethreeadditiveprimariesofredgreenandblue.Properlycombinedthe subtractiveprimariescanabsorballcolorsoflightproducingblack.But mixedinvaryingproportionstheyalsocanproduceanycolorinthe spectrum.??Whether3particularcolorsisobtainedbyadding coloredlightstogetherorbysubtractingsomelightfromthetotalspectrum theresultlooksthesametotheeye.Theadditiveprocesswasemployedfor earlycolorphotography.Butthesubtractivemethodwhilerequiringcomplex chemicaltechniqueshasturnedouttobemorepracticalandisthebasisofall moderncolorfilms.WhichofthefollowingisNOTapairofadditiveandsubtractiveprimarycolors?
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