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Milk was one of the main foods for people long before history was written. Maybe (21) will rema...
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Milkwasoneofthemainfoodsforpeoplelongbeforehist
made from
came from
came out
knocked out of
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make
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animals
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languages
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safe
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Milkwasoneofthemainhumanfoodslong25________history
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ItwasaquarterpastnineasMariehurriedintotheofficebuildingwhereshewasgoingtowork.Herbusmovedslowlyalongthrough51morningtrafficmakingherafewminuteslateforherveryfirstjob.Shedecidedtostartouthalfanhourearlierthenextday. Onceinsidethehallshehadtostandattheelevatorsandwaitseveralminutes52shecouldgetononetogotothesixthfloor.Whenshefinallyreachedtheofficemarked"KingEnterprises’‘sheknockedatthedoornervouslyandwaited.Therewasnoanswer.Sheknockedagainbutstilltherewasnoreply.53insidethenextofficeshecouldhearthesoundofvoicessosheopenedthedoorandwentin. AlthoughshewassureitwasthesameofficeshehadbeenintwoweeksbeforewhenshehadhadtheinterviewwithMr.Kingitlookedquitedifterentnow.Infactit54lookedlikeanofficeatall.Theemployeeswerejuststandingaround55Atthefarendoftheroomsomebody56havejusttoldagoodjokeshethoughtbecausetherewasaloudburstoflaughterasshecamein.Foramomentshehadthoughttheywerelaughingather. Thenoneofthemenlookedathiswatch57hishandsandsaidsomethingtotheothers. Quicklytheyallwenttotheirdesksandinamatterofsecondseveryonewashardatwork.NoonepaidanyattentiontoMarie.Finallyshewentuptothemanwhowassittingatthedesknearesttothedoorandexplainedthatthiswasherfirstdayintheoffice.Hardly58fromhisworkhetoldhertohaveaseatandwaitforMr.Kingwhowouldarrive59.ThenMarierealizedthattheday’sworkintheofficebeganjustbeforeMr.Kingarrived.LatershefoundoutthathelivedinConnecticutandcameintoManhattanonthe60traineverymorningarrivingintheofficeat9:35a.m.sothathisstaffknewexactlywhentostartworking. 29
In1807NoahWebsterbeganhisgreatestworkAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.InpreparingtheworkhedevotedtenyearstothestudyofEnglishanditsrelationshiptootherlanguagesandsevenmoreyearstothewritingitself.Publishedintwovolumesin1828AnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagehasbecometherecognizedauthority权威forusageintheUnitedStates.Webster’spurposeinwritingitwastoshowthattheAmericanlanguagewasdevelopingdistinctmeaningspronunciationsandspellingsfromthoseofBritishEnglish.Heisresponsibleforadvancingsimplifiedspellingforms:"develop"insteadoftheBritishform"develope";"theater"and"center"insteadof"theatre"and"centre";"color"and"honor"insteadof"colour"and"honour". AccordingtothispassagewhichoneofthefollowingspellingswouldWebsterhaveapprovedinhisdictionaries
Oneofthewell-knownofAmericanwritersisSamuelClemenswhosepennameisMarkTwain.Bornin1835TwaingrewupintheMississippiRivertownofHannibalMissouri.AsdidmanyotherboysofhisdayTwaindreamedoftravelingonriverboatsandofsomedaybecomingariverboatpilot.TwainusedhismemoriesofthelifeofarivertowninhistwomostfamousbooksHuckleberryFinnandTomSawyer. AsayoungmanTwainheldmanyjobs.Hewasaprinteragoodminerandforatimehewasariverboatpilot.DuringhispilotdaysheadoptedthenameMarkTwain.Thiswasatermusedbytheboatmentomeanthatthewatermeasuredtwofathomsortwelvefeetwhichwasdeepenoughforsafepassage. FinallyTwainbecameasuccessfulwriter.HetraveledagreatdealwritingandspeakingandbecameverypopularbothintheUnitedStatesandinEurope. Twain’sstyleofwritingwassimpleanddirect.Amongthethingshewroteaboutweresuperstitious迷信的peopleandpeoplewhowereeasilyfooled.Heusedhisunusualgiftforhumortowriteaboutmanythingsofimportance. WheredidthenameMarkTwaincomefrom
ItwasaquarterpastnineasMariehurriedintotheofficebuildingwhereshewasgoingtowork.Herbusmovedslowlyalongthrough51morningtrafficmakingherafewminuteslateforherveryfirstjob.Shedecidedtostartouthalfanhourearlierthenextday. Onceinsidethehallshehadtostandattheelevatorsandwaitseveralminutes52shecouldgetononetogotothesixthfloor.Whenshefinallyreachedtheofficemarked"KingEnterprises’‘sheknockedatthedoornervouslyandwaited.Therewasnoanswer.Sheknockedagainbutstilltherewasnoreply.53insidethenextofficeshecouldhearthesoundofvoicessosheopenedthedoorandwentin. AlthoughshewassureitwasthesameofficeshehadbeenintwoweeksbeforewhenshehadhadtheinterviewwithMr.Kingitlookedquitedifterentnow.Infactit54lookedlikeanofficeatall.Theemployeeswerejuststandingaround55Atthefarendoftheroomsomebody56havejusttoldagoodjokeshethoughtbecausetherewasaloudburstoflaughterasshecamein.Foramomentshehadthoughttheywerelaughingather. Thenoneofthemenlookedathiswatch57hishandsandsaidsomethingtotheothers. Quicklytheyallwenttotheirdesksandinamatterofsecondseveryonewashardatwork.NoonepaidanyattentiontoMarie.Finallyshewentuptothemanwhowassittingatthedesknearesttothedoorandexplainedthatthiswasherfirstdayintheoffice.Hardly58fromhisworkhetoldhertohaveaseatandwaitforMr.Kingwhowouldarrive59.ThenMarierealizedthattheday’sworkintheofficebeganjustbeforeMr.Kingarrived.LatershefoundoutthathelivedinConnecticutandcameintoManhattanonthe60traineverymorningarrivingintheofficeat9:35a.m.sothathisstaffknewexactlywhentostartworking. 23
Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.
Heisalwayscomplainingaboutonethingor
OneoftheindustrialgiantswhochangedAmericansocietywasHenryFordhornonafarminMichiganin1863andhegrewuptobringforthsomeofthemostrevolutionaryimprovementsinautomotivetechnologyintheearly20thcentury.Hisoutstandingmechanicalabilityledhimtobecomeinterestedinthenewautomobilesintheearly1900s.Thoughbedidnotinventtheautomobileheimproveduponeveryoneelse’sdesigns.Hewasapersonwhobelievedininexpensiveefficientproductionsoheestablishedstandardsforhisplantsandworkers.HealsostandardizedandproducedmanynewautopartsforhisFordMotorCompanycars.Thenhestudiedtheworkers’problemsandthousandsofautomobilesperyear.Infacthisplantshadproduced15millionModelTSby1927.Ford’spersonalitywasnotallthrift节俭efficiencyandinventivenesshowever.Hewasamanwhowascoldandwhocouldnotkeeppacewiththecompetitionduetohisownrigidity严格.Hiscompanysufferedbecauseofhisdesiretomaintaintheexistingstateinsteadofmeetingandbeatingthecompetitionbychanginghisproducts.Finallyhesawthathemustchangeorfailthereforeheintroducedanewtypeengineandonceagaintookovertheautomobilemarket.FordleftalegacyofmillionsofdollarsmillionsofjobsforAmericanworkersandmillionsofsatisfiedcustomers. HenryFordchangedtheAmericansociety
Yearsagoourcitieswerefullofcarsbusesandtrucks.Nowthestreetsarecompletelycongested拥挤的anditisverydifficulttodriveacaralongthem.Driversmuststopathundredsoftrafficlights.WhatareourcitiesgoingtobelikeintenortwentyyearsWillenormous巨大的motorwaysbebuiltacrossthemWithbigmotorwayscuttingacrossthemfullofnoisydirtycarsandlorriesourcitiesaregoingtobeawfulplaces.Howcanwesolvetheproblem Therearesomegoodideastoreducetheuseofprivatecars.In1989forexampletheauthoritiesinRomebegananinterestingexperiment:passengersonthecitybusesdidnothavetopayfortheirtickets. InStockholmtherewasanotherexperiment:peoplepaidverylittleforaseasontickettotravelonanybustrolleybustrainortraminallthecity. Inmanycitiesnowsomestreetsareclosedtovehiclesandpedestriansaresafethere. InLondonthereisanotherexperiment:partofthestreetisforbusesonlysothebusescantravelfast.Therearenocarsortaxiesinfrontofthem. Inmanycitiespedestriansarenowmuchsaferbecause
Oneofthewell-knownofAmericanwritersisSamuelClemenswhosepennameisMarkTwain.Bornin1835TwaingrewupintheMississippiRivertownofHannibalMissouri.AsdidmanyotherboysofhisdayTwaindreamedoftravelingonriverboatsandofsomedaybecomingariverboatpilot.TwainusedhismemoriesofthelifeofarivertowninhistwomostfamousbooksHuckleberryFinnandTomSawyer. AsayoungmanTwainheldmanyjobs.Hewasaprinteragoodminerandforatimehewasariverboatpilot.DuringhispilotdaysheadoptedthenameMarkTwain.Thiswasatermusedbytheboatmentomeanthatthewatermeasuredtwofathomsortwelvefeetwhichwasdeepenoughforsafepassage. FinallyTwainbecameasuccessfulwriter.HetraveledagreatdealwritingandspeakingandbecameverypopularbothintheUnitedStatesandinEurope. Twain’sstyleofwritingwassimpleanddirect.Amongthethingshewroteaboutweresuperstitious迷信的peopleandpeoplewhowereeasilyfooled.Heusedhisunusualgiftforhumortowriteaboutmanythingsofimportance. Generallyspeakingthisarticleisabout
Helivedinthe16thcentury.Afewthingsbutnotreallythatmanyareknownabouthislife.Andyetaroundtheworldthecommentisunanimous:hewasthegreatestwriterwhoeverlived.HisnamewasWilliamShakespeare. Shakespearewasbornin1564inalittletowncalledStratford-uponAvon.WhenhewasinhistwentieshemadehiswaytoLondon.Therehespentmostofhisworkinglife.ThetheaterwasverypopularatthattimeandsoonShakespearewaswritingplays.HebelongedtoanactingcompanycalledtheLordChamberlain’sMenandwroteplaysforthem.Healsoactedinsomeoftheplays.In1599thecompanybuiltthefamousGlobeTheater.ThereShakespearewroteandacteduntilheretiredinabout1607. Shakespearewrotethreekindsofplays:comediestragediesandhistories.Manyofthecomediesinvolvedmistakenidentities:womenpretendedtobemenandslapstick滑稽剧situations.OneofhisfamouscomediesisAMidsummerNight’sDream.Shakespeare’stragedieswereoftenaboutanobleandhonorablemanwhohadonefaultthathelpedbringabouthisdownfall.Hamletisanexample.Shakespeare’shistorieswereusuallyaboutkingsofEnglandsuchasRichardNiorHenryV. WhatmadeShakespeare’sworksogreatItwasnotnecessarilyhisstories.Manywereretellingsofstoriestheaudiencealreadyknew.Butthewayhetoldthestorieswasoftenremarkable.Heunderstoodthewaypeoplethoughtandactedandhebuiltthisintohischaracters.Eventhoughtheywerecreated400yearsagoShakespeare’scharactersarebelievedtoday. Shakespeare’suseoflanguagesuchashisbeautifuldescriptionsandhisclearto-the-pointstatements-alsomadehimgreat.HundredsoffamousEnglishsayingscomefromhisplays.Oneexample:"Tobeornottobethisisaquestion. ManyofShakespeare’splays
Thesoldierwaswithneglectinghisduty.
Thebarmandidn’twanttosendthemanawaybecause
ThefamousAmericangorilla大猩猩expertDianeFosseyhadacompletelynewwaytostudygorillas—shepretendedtobeoneofthem.Shecopiedtheiractionsandwayoflife—eatingplantsandgettingdownonherhandsandkneestowalkthewayagorilladoes.Itwasanewrelationship. DianeFosseywasmurderedinRwandain1985andherstorywasmadeintothepopularfilmGorillasintheMist.ItwasalongwayfromKingKongwhichisaboutagorillaasamonsterafrighteninganimalandhelpedtoshowanewidea:therealmonsterismanwhilethegorillaistobeadmired. Todaytherearethoughttobearound48000lowlandgorillasandmaybe400-450mountaingorillasinthewild.FromtheCongoinWestAfricatoRwandaandUgandafurthereasttheyareendangeredbyhuntingandbythecuttingdownoftheirforesthomes.SometimeagoIfoundinmyletterboxalittlemagazinefromtheWorldWideFundforNature.Ithadtwophotossidebyside.Onewasofayounggorilla."Thisisaspeciesofmammal哺乳类动物"saidthewordsbelowit."Itisbeingdestroyedbyman.Wemustsaveitforourowngood."Theotherphotoshowedahumanbaby.Thewordsalsoread"Thisisaspeciesofmammal"butthenwenton:"Itisthemostdestructive破坏性的onearth.Wemustretrainitforitsowngood./ Thetextmainlytalksabout
ItwasaquarterpastnineasMariehurriedintotheofficebuildingwhereshewasgoingtowork.Herbusmovedslowlyalongthrough51morningtrafficmakingherafewminuteslateforherveryfirstjob.Shedecidedtostartouthalfanhourearlierthenextday. Onceinsidethehallshehadtostandattheelevatorsandwaitseveralminutes52shecouldgetononetogotothesixthfloor.Whenshefinallyreachedtheofficemarked"KingEnterprises’‘sheknockedatthedoornervouslyandwaited.Therewasnoanswer.Sheknockedagainbutstilltherewasnoreply.53insidethenextofficeshecouldhearthesoundofvoicessosheopenedthedoorandwentin. AlthoughshewassureitwasthesameofficeshehadbeenintwoweeksbeforewhenshehadhadtheinterviewwithMr.Kingitlookedquitedifterentnow.Infactit54lookedlikeanofficeatall.Theemployeeswerejuststandingaround55Atthefarendoftheroomsomebody56havejusttoldagoodjokeshethoughtbecausetherewasaloudburstoflaughterasshecamein.Foramomentshehadthoughttheywerelaughingather. Thenoneofthemenlookedathiswatch57hishandsandsaidsomethingtotheothers. Quicklytheyallwenttotheirdesksandinamatterofsecondseveryonewashardatwork.NoonepaidanyattentiontoMarie.Finallyshewentuptothemanwhowassittingatthedesknearesttothedoorandexplainedthatthiswasherfirstdayintheoffice.Hardly58fromhisworkhetoldhertohaveaseatandwaitforMr.Kingwhowouldarrive59.ThenMarierealizedthattheday’sworkintheofficebeganjustbeforeMr.Kingarrived.LatershefoundoutthathelivedinConnecticutandcameintoManhattanonthe60traineverymorningarrivingintheofficeat9:35a.m.sothathisstaffknewexactlywhentostartworking. 21
ItwasaquarterpastnineasMariehurriedintotheofficebuildingwhereshewasgoingtowork.Herbusmovedslowlyalongthrough51morningtrafficmakingherafewminuteslateforherveryfirstjob.Shedecidedtostartouthalfanhourearlierthenextday. Onceinsidethehallshehadtostandattheelevatorsandwaitseveralminutes52shecouldgetononetogotothesixthfloor.Whenshefinallyreachedtheofficemarked"KingEnterprises’‘sheknockedatthedoornervouslyandwaited.Therewasnoanswer.Sheknockedagainbutstilltherewasnoreply.53insidethenextofficeshecouldhearthesoundofvoicessosheopenedthedoorandwentin. AlthoughshewassureitwasthesameofficeshehadbeenintwoweeksbeforewhenshehadhadtheinterviewwithMr.Kingitlookedquitedifterentnow.Infactit54lookedlikeanofficeatall.Theemployeeswerejuststandingaround55Atthefarendoftheroomsomebody56havejusttoldagoodjokeshethoughtbecausetherewasaloudburstoflaughterasshecamein.Foramomentshehadthoughttheywerelaughingather. Thenoneofthemenlookedathiswatch57hishandsandsaidsomethingtotheothers. Quicklytheyallwenttotheirdesksandinamatterofsecondseveryonewashardatwork.NoonepaidanyattentiontoMarie.Finallyshewentuptothemanwhowassittingatthedesknearesttothedoorandexplainedthatthiswasherfirstdayintheoffice.Hardly58fromhisworkhetoldhertohaveaseatandwaitforMr.Kingwhowouldarrive59.ThenMarierealizedthattheday’sworkintheofficebeganjustbeforeMr.Kingarrived.LatershefoundoutthathelivedinConnecticutandcameintoManhattanonthe60traineverymorningarrivingintheofficeat9:35a.m.sothathisstaffknewexactlywhentostartworking. 27
Ifwehadfollowedhisplanwewouldhavedonethejobwithmoneyandpeople
A.second B.college C.physics D.physicist
Stressmakesapersonwanttostopwhatevertheyaredoingtrytorelaxandbecomecalmagain.Toomuchstressresultsinphysicalemotionalandmentalhealthproblems. Therearenumerousphysicaleffectsofstress.Stresscanaffecttheheart.Itcanincreasethepulseratemaketheheartmissbeatsandcancausehighbloodpressure.Stresscanaffecttherespiratorysystem.Itcanleadtoasthma.Itcancauseapersontobreathetoofastresultinginalossofimportantcarbondioxide.Stresscanaffectthestomach.Itcancausestomachachesandproblemsdigestingfood.Theseareonlyafewexamplesofthewiderangeofillnessesandsymptomsresultingfromstress. Emotionsarealsoeasilyaffectedbystress.Peoplesufferingfromstressoftenfeelanxious.Theymayhavepanicattacks.Theymayfeeltiredallthetime.Whenpeopleareunderstresstheyoftenoverreacttolittleproblems.Forexampleanormallygentleparentunderalotofstressatworkmayyellatachildfordroppingaglassofjuice.Stresscanmakepeopleangrymoodyornervous. Long-termstresscanleadtoavarietyofseriousmentalillnesses.Depressionanextremefeelingofsadnessandhopelessnesscanbetheresultofcontinuedandincreasingstress.Alcoholismandotheraddictionsoftendevelopasaresultofoveruseofalcoholordrugstotrytorelievestress.Eatingdisorderssuchasanorexiaaresometimescausedbystressandareoftenmadeworsebystress.Ifstressisallowedtocontinuethenone’smentalhealthisputatrisk. Itisobviousthatstressisaseriousproblem.Itattacksthebody.Soreducestress:stoptheworldandrestforawhile. Symptomsofemotionalstressinclude
OneoftheindustrialgiantswhochangedAmericansocietywasHenryFordhornonafarminMichiganin1863andhegrewuptobringforthsomeofthemostrevolutionaryimprovementsinautomotivetechnologyintheearly20thcentury.Hisoutstandingmechanicalabilityledhimtobecomeinterestedinthenewautomobilesintheearly1900s.Thoughbedidnotinventtheautomobileheimproveduponeveryoneelse’sdesigns.Hewasapersonwhobelievedininexpensiveefficientproductionsoheestablishedstandardsforhisplantsandworkers.HealsostandardizedandproducedmanynewautopartsforhisFordMotorCompanycars.Thenhestudiedtheworkers’problemsandthousandsofautomobilesperyear.Infacthisplantshadproduced15millionModelTSby1927.Ford’spersonalitywasnotallthrift节俭efficiencyandinventivenesshowever.Hewasamanwhowascoldandwhocouldnotkeeppacewiththecompetitionduetohisownrigidity严格.Hiscompanysufferedbecauseofhisdesiretomaintaintheexistingstateinsteadofmeetingandbeatingthecompetitionbychanginghisproducts.Finallyhesawthathemustchangeorfailthereforeheintroducedanewtypeengineandonceagaintookovertheautomobilemarket.FordleftalegacyofmillionsofdollarsmillionsofjobsforAmericanworkersandmillionsofsatisfiedcustomers. Itcanbeinferredthat
AfterManhasdreamedaboutflyingforalongtime.MichaelMoshierisadreamer.HeinventedtheSoloTrek. TheSoloTrekhada120horsepowerenginewithtwinfans.Onlyonepersonflies.Asyouflyabovetheroofsyouleanalittleforward.Youcanseeeverythingunderyou.YouareflyinglikeSuperman. MichaelMoshierlookedatthejetbeltandtherocketbeltthatwasdeveloped20-30yearsago.Nothingevercamefromthem.Peoplestillcan’tfly. Inventorshavetriedtomakeiteasyforpeopletofly.PaulMollerhasbeenworkingonhisflyingcarfor30years.Henowsaysitisreadyfortests.Itwouldtakeoffandlandverticallygo600milesanhouranddeliver20milestothegallon.Acomputerwoulddotheactualflying.Hesaysitcouldbesoldnextyearforaboutamilliondollars. NASAisworkingwithMoshiertohelpdevelophisflyingmachine.Thefirstusersarelikelytobemilitary. It’sbeen50-yearssinceRobertFultoninventedhisairphibianaflyingcar.ItflewandisnowintheSmithsonianMuseum. Gettingdreamstoflyisnevereasy. AnanalogywasusedtocomparethewayonecouldflyintheSoloFlyerto
Thereisnoneed.Hewon'tshowup.
Whatyouaredoingveryimportantinyourwork.
ThefamousAmericangorilla大猩猩expertDianeFosseyhadacompletelynewwaytostudygorillas—shepretendedtobeoneofthem.Shecopiedtheiractionsandwayoflife—eatingplantsandgettingdownonherhandsandkneestowalkthewayagorilladoes.Itwasanewrelationship. DianeFosseywasmurderedinRwandain1985andherstorywasmadeintothepopularfilmGorillasintheMist.ItwasalongwayfromKingKongwhichisaboutagorillaasamonsterafrighteninganimalandhelpedtoshowanewidea:therealmonsterismanwhilethegorillaistobeadmired. Todaytherearethoughttobearound48000lowlandgorillasandmaybe400-450mountaingorillasinthewild.FromtheCongoinWestAfricatoRwandaandUgandafurthereasttheyareendangeredbyhuntingandbythecuttingdownoftheirforesthomes.SometimeagoIfoundinmyletterboxalittlemagazinefromtheWorldWideFundforNature.Ithadtwophotossidebyside.Onewasofayounggorilla."Thisisaspeciesofmammal哺乳类动物"saidthewordsbelowit."Itisbeingdestroyedbyman.Wemustsaveitforourowngood."Theotherphotoshowedahumanbaby.Thewordsalsoread"Thisisaspeciesofmammal"butthenwenton:"Itisthemostdestructive破坏性的onearth.Wemustretrainitforitsowngood./ Whatmessagecanwegetfromthetwophotosinthemagazine
Yearsagoourcitieswerefullofcarsbusesandtrucks.Nowthestreetsarecompletelycongested拥挤的anditisverydifficulttodriveacaralongthem.Driversmuststopathundredsoftrafficlights.WhatareourcitiesgoingtobelikeintenortwentyyearsWillenormous巨大的motorwaysbebuiltacrossthemWithbigmotorwayscuttingacrossthemfullofnoisydirtycarsandlorriesourcitiesaregoingtobeawfulplaces.Howcanwesolvetheproblem Therearesomegoodideastoreducetheuseofprivatecars.In1989forexampletheauthoritiesinRomebegananinterestingexperiment:passengersonthecitybusesdidnothavetopayfortheirtickets. InStockholmtherewasanotherexperiment:peoplepaidverylittleforaseasontickettotravelonanybustrolleybustrainortraminallthecity. Inmanycitiesnowsomestreetsareclosedtovehiclesandpedestriansaresafethere. InLondonthereisanotherexperiment:partofthestreetisforbusesonlysothebusescantravelfast.Therearenocarsortaxiesinfrontofthem. Whatthewriterworriesaboutinabigcityis
Helivedinthe16thcentury.Afewthingsbutnotreallythatmanyareknownabouthislife.Andyetaroundtheworldthecommentisunanimous:hewasthegreatestwriterwhoeverlived.HisnamewasWilliamShakespeare. Shakespearewasbornin1564inalittletowncalledStratford-uponAvon.WhenhewasinhistwentieshemadehiswaytoLondon.Therehespentmostofhisworkinglife.ThetheaterwasverypopularatthattimeandsoonShakespearewaswritingplays.HebelongedtoanactingcompanycalledtheLordChamberlain’sMenandwroteplaysforthem.Healsoactedinsomeoftheplays.In1599thecompanybuiltthefamousGlobeTheater.ThereShakespearewroteandacteduntilheretiredinabout1607. Shakespearewrotethreekindsofplays:comediestragediesandhistories.Manyofthecomediesinvolvedmistakenidentities:womenpretendedtobemenandslapstick滑稽剧situations.OneofhisfamouscomediesisAMidsummerNight’sDream.Shakespeare’stragedieswereoftenaboutanobleandhonorablemanwhohadonefaultthathelpedbringabouthisdownfall.Hamletisanexample.Shakespeare’shistorieswereusuallyaboutkingsofEnglandsuchasRichardNiorHenryV. WhatmadeShakespeare’sworksogreatItwasnotnecessarilyhisstories.Manywereretellingsofstoriestheaudiencealreadyknew.Butthewayhetoldthestorieswasoftenremarkable.Heunderstoodthewaypeoplethoughtandactedandhebuiltthisintohischaracters.Eventhoughtheywerecreated400yearsagoShakespeare’scharactersarebelievedtoday. Shakespeare’suseoflanguagesuchashisbeautifuldescriptionsandhisclearto-the-pointstatements-alsomadehimgreat.HundredsoffamousEnglishsayingscomefromhisplays.Oneexample:"Tobeornottobethisisaquestion. Thegeneralorganizationofthispassageis
IhadtogetaboutthesubjectbeforeIwritethepaper.
A.chief B.belief C.quiet D.field
In1807NoahWebsterbeganhisgreatestworkAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.InpreparingtheworkhedevotedtenyearstothestudyofEnglishanditsrelationshiptootherlanguagesandsevenmoreyearstothewritingitself.Publishedintwovolumesin1828AnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagehasbecometherecognizedauthority权威forusageintheUnitedStates.Webster’spurposeinwritingitwastoshowthattheAmericanlanguagewasdevelopingdistinctmeaningspronunciationsandspellingsfromthoseofBritishEnglish.Heisresponsibleforadvancingsimplifiedspellingforms:"develop"insteadoftheBritishform"develope";"theater"and"center"insteadof"theatre"and"centre";"color"and"honor"insteadof"colour"and"honour". InhowmanyvolumeswasAnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublished
ItwasaquarterpastnineasMariehurriedintotheofficebuildingwhereshewasgoingtowork.Herbusmovedslowlyalongthrough51morningtrafficmakingherafewminuteslateforherveryfirstjob.Shedecidedtostartouthalfanhourearlierthenextday. Onceinsidethehallshehadtostandattheelevatorsandwaitseveralminutes52shecouldgetononetogotothesixthfloor.Whenshefinallyreachedtheofficemarked"KingEnterprises’‘sheknockedatthedoornervouslyandwaited.Therewasnoanswer.Sheknockedagainbutstilltherewasnoreply.53insidethenextofficeshecouldhearthesoundofvoicessosheopenedthedoorandwentin. AlthoughshewassureitwasthesameofficeshehadbeenintwoweeksbeforewhenshehadhadtheinterviewwithMr.Kingitlookedquitedifterentnow.Infactit54lookedlikeanofficeatall.Theemployeeswerejuststandingaround55Atthefarendoftheroomsomebody56havejusttoldagoodjokeshethoughtbecausetherewasaloudburstoflaughterasshecamein.Foramomentshehadthoughttheywerelaughingather. Thenoneofthemenlookedathiswatch57hishandsandsaidsomethingtotheothers. Quicklytheyallwenttotheirdesksandinamatterofsecondseveryonewashardatwork.NoonepaidanyattentiontoMarie.Finallyshewentuptothemanwhowassittingatthedesknearesttothedoorandexplainedthatthiswasherfirstdayintheoffice.Hardly58fromhisworkhetoldhertohaveaseatandwaitforMr.Kingwhowouldarrive59.ThenMarierealizedthattheday’sworkintheofficebeganjustbeforeMr.Kingarrived.LatershefoundoutthathelivedinConnecticutandcameintoManhattanonthe60traineverymorningarrivingintheofficeat9:35a.m.sothathisstaffknewexactlywhentostartworking. 25
Stressmakesapersonwanttostopwhatevertheyaredoingtrytorelaxandbecomecalmagain.Toomuchstressresultsinphysicalemotionalandmentalhealthproblems. Therearenumerousphysicaleffectsofstress.Stresscanaffecttheheart.Itcanincreasethepulseratemaketheheartmissbeatsandcancausehighbloodpressure.Stresscanaffecttherespiratorysystem.Itcanleadtoasthma.Itcancauseapersontobreathetoofastresultinginalossofimportantcarbondioxide.Stresscanaffectthestomach.Itcancausestomachachesandproblemsdigestingfood.Theseareonlyafewexamplesofthewiderangeofillnessesandsymptomsresultingfromstress. Emotionsarealsoeasilyaffectedbystress.Peoplesufferingfromstressoftenfeelanxious.Theymayhavepanicattacks.Theymayfeeltiredallthetime.Whenpeopleareunderstresstheyoftenoverreacttolittleproblems.Forexampleanormallygentleparentunderalotofstressatworkmayyellatachildfordroppingaglassofjuice.Stresscanmakepeopleangrymoodyornervous. Long-termstresscanleadtoavarietyofseriousmentalillnesses.Depressionanextremefeelingofsadnessandhopelessnesscanbetheresultofcontinuedandincreasingstress.Alcoholismandotheraddictionsoftendevelopasaresultofoveruseofalcoholordrugstotrytorelievestress.Eatingdisorderssuchasanorexiaaresometimescausedbystressandareoftenmadeworsebystress.Ifstressisallowedtocontinuethenone’smentalhealthisputatrisk. Itisobviousthatstressisaseriousproblem.Itattacksthebody.Soreducestress:stoptheworldandrestforawhile. Choosethebestanswertoexplainhowalcoholismiscausedbystress.
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