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Going Green For career（职业） changers thinking about growth and advancement potential, forget the...
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高中英语《山东省青岛市2015高考英语阅读理解一轮复习试卷之一》真题及答案
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Imagineyou’vehadafightwithyourbestfrienD.It’sastupidfightsomethingyouwillbothgetover.Butrightnowyouareupset.Whenyouwalkinthedooryourmomaskswhat’swrong.HowareyoumostlylikelytorespondHavealongcomfortingtalkaboutitwithher.Orheadtothefridgefortheicecream.Butcanthatreallyhelpyoufeelbetter—orjustmakeyoufeelsickeninglyfullEmotionaleatingiswhenpeopleusefoodasawaytodealwithfeelingsinsteadoftosatisfyhunger.We’veallbeentherefinishingawholebagofchipsoreatingcookieaftercookiewhilepreparingforacomingexam.Butwhendonealot—especiallywithoutrealizingit—emotionaleatingcanaffectweighthealthandwell-being.Oneofthebiggestbeliefsaboutemotionaleatingisthatit’scausedbynegativefeelings.Yespeopleoftenturntofoodwhenthey’restressedoutlonelysadanxiousorboreD.NeverthelessemotionaleatingcanbelinkedtopositivefeelingstooliketheromanceofsharingdessertonValentine’sDayorthecelebrationofaholidayfeast.Moreoftenthoughit’sthecountlesslittledailystressesthatcausesomeonetoseekcomfortorrelaxationinfooD.Weallhaveourowncomfortfoods.Amazinglytheymayvaryaccordingtomoodsandsex.Onestudyfoundthathappypeopleseemtowanttoeatthingslikepizzawhilesadpeopleprefericecreamandcookies.Boredpeopledesiresaltyfragilethingslikechips.Girlsgoforchocolateandicecream.ThisbringsupacuriousquestionDoesnoonetakecomfortincarrotsandcabbagesResearchersarelookingintothattoo.Whatthey’refindingisthathigh-fatfoodslikeicecreammayactivatecertainchemicalsinthebodythatcreateasenseofcontentmentandfulfillmentwhichmayactuallymakeyoureachforthesefoodsagainwhenfeelingupset.We’reallemotionaleaterstosomeextent.Butforsomepeopleemotionaleatingcanbearealproblemcausingseriousproblemssuchasweightgain.ManagingemotionaleatingmeansfindingotherwaystodealwiththesituationsandfeelingsthatmakesomeoneturntofooD.ForexampledoyoucomehomefromschooleachdayandautomaticallyheadtothekitchenStopandaskyourselfAmIreallyhungry?AreyouhavingdifficultyconcentratingIfthesesignspointtohungerchoosesomethinglightandhealthytotaketheedgeoffuntildinner.67.Thefirsttwoparagraphsaredesignedto_______.A.putforwardtheideaofemotionaleatingB.stresstheimportanceoffriendshipC.explainthefunctionofeatinganicecreamD.offeradviceonhowtocomfortanannoyedchild68.Peopleturntoemotionaleatingbecause_______.A.theybenefitalotfromeatingB.theyhaveastrongdesireforfoodC.theywanttoseekcomfortorrelaxationD.theysufferfromweightproblems69.WhichofthefollowingmaynotserveascomfortfoodA.Chips.B.Carrots.C.Cookies.D.Pizzas.70.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraphA.Eatwheneveryoucan’tconcentratE.B.Itisnaturaltofeelhungryafterschool.C.It’shardtotellphysicalhungerfrommentalhunger.D.Therearewaystobreakthecycleofemotionaleating.
It’snosecretthatdoinggoodmakesothershappy–butdidyouknowitcanmakeyouhappyaswell?Accordingtoastudypeopleparticipatinginmeaningfulactivitieswerehappierandfeltthattheirliveshadmorepurposethanpeoplewhoonlyengagedinpleasure-seekingbehaviors.TrygivingthesefourthingstootherstostartyourjourneytoahappierandhealthierlifestylE.YourTimeWithabusylifeitcanbehardtofindanytimetogiveaway.Howevervolunteeringyourtimehasgreatbenefitsincludingmakingnewfriendsandconnectionslearningnewskillsandevenadvancingyourcareer.Accordingtoapaperaboutthelinkbetweenhealthandvolunteeringvolunteeringisconnectedwithlowerinstancesofdepressionandreducestheriskofdyingby22percent.YourAttentionMostofusthinkwe’regoodlistenersbutaccordingtopsychologistPaulDonoghuemostpeopleareawarethatothersdon’tlistenaswellastheycoulD.Inadditionthey’renotfullyawarethattheythemselvesaren’tlistening.Whenpracticingmindfulnessmeditation正念禅修youfocusonwhatyouexperienceinthemomentandletyourthoughtsandemotionspassthroughwithoutjudgment.Didyouknowthatgivingsomeoneyourundividedattentionhelpsyoualso?Whendonewellactivelisteningstrengthensyourfocus－whichisamajorpartofgoodmeditation.YourCompassionThepsychologicalmeaningofcompassionistheabilitytounderstandanotherperson’semotionalstatE.Compassiondiffersfromempathy移情inthatthosewhoexperiencecompassionnotonlyputthemselvesinanotherperson’sshoesbutalsowanttoreducethatperson’ssuffering.Abrain-imagingstudyshowedthatthebrain’spleasurecentersareequallyactivewhenwegivemoneytothepooraswhenwereceivemoneyourselves.YourMoneyAccordingtoanexperimentthosewhospendmoneyonotherpeoplearesignificantlyhappierthanthosewhospendthesamequantityofmoneyonthemselves.Whetherornotyoucanofferothergiftsdonatingmoneyhelpsmakerealchangehappen.Itrepresentstimespentcompassionandcarefulattentiontotheneedsofothers.39.WhoisthehappiestaccordingtothestudymentionedinParagraph2?A.BillwhoisofteninvitedtoplaygolfbyhiswealthyunclE.B.TomwhoisonthewaytobetherichestmanintheworlD.C.Mikewhoisnotwell-offbutoftendoeswhathecantothoseinneeD.D.Johnwhoisadisabledyoungmanbuthasmarriedaverybeautifulgirl.40.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddepressioninParagraph5mean?A.pleasureB.unhappinessC.connectionD.misunderstanding41.Whichofthefourgiftsmattersmostaccordingtotheauthor?A.TimE.B.Money.C.Attention.D.Compassion.42.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragepeopletohelpothers.B.Togivethemeaningofhappiness.C.ToofferapracticalwayoflifE.D.Toshowhiskindness.
It’sapopularbeliefthatafish’smemorylastsforonlysevenseconds.Itmayseemsadtothinkthattheydon’trememberwhatthey’veeatenorwherethey’vebeenandtheydon’trecognizeyouoranyoftheirfriends---everymomentintheirlifewouldbelikeseeingtheworldforthefirsttimE.Butdon’tbesoquicktofeelsorryforthem.A.newstudyhasfoundthatfishhaveamuchbettermemorythanweusedtothink.Infactcertainspeciesoffishcanevenremembereventsfromaslongas12daysago.InthestudyresearchersfromMacEwanUniversityinCanadatrainedakindoffishcalledAfricancichlidstogotoacertainareaoftheirtanktogetfooD.Theythenwaitedfor12daysbeforeputtingthembackinthetankagain.Researchersusedcomputersoftwaretomonitorthefish’smovements.TheyfoundthataftersuchalongbreakthefishstillwenttothesameplacewheretheyfirstgotfooD.Thissuggestedthattheycouldremembertheirpastexperiences.InfactscientistshadbeenthinkingforalongtimethatAfricancichlidsmighthaveagoodmemory.Anearlierstudyshowedthattheybehavedaggressivelyinfrontofcertainfishperhapsbecausetheyrememberedtheirpastfights.ButuntilthelatestfindingstherewasnoclearevidencE.JustasagoodmemorycanmakeourliveseasieritalsoplaysanimportantpartwhenafishistryingtosurviveinthewilD.IffishareabletorememberthatacertainareacontainssafefoodtheywillbeabletogobacktothatareawithoutputtingtheirlivesatrisksleadresearcherTrevorHamiltontoldLiveSciencE.Foralongtimefishwereplacedfarbelowchimpanzeesdolphinsandmiceonthelistofsmartanimals.ButthisstudyhasgivenscientistsanewunderstandingoftheirintelligencE.32.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.Fishhavingverybadmemories.B.Fishbeingsmarterthanwethought.C.Howfishimprovetheirmemory.D.Whatwecanlearnfromfish.33.Accordingtothearticlepeopleusedtobelievethat_______.A.fishcouldonlyrememberpartoftheirpastexperiencesB.fishcouldrememberthingsthathappened12daysagoC.afish’smemorylastedforonlysevenminutesD.fishdidn’trecognizeanyoftheirfriends34.Howcanfishbenefitmostfromagoodmemory?Theycanremember_______.A.wheretogetfoodandsurviveB.theirenemiesandfightC.wheretoescapetowhenindangerD.theirfriendsandhelpeachother35.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Fishbehaveaggressivelyinafight.B.FishcanremembermorE.C.Fishdon’tbelongtothelistofsmartanimals.D.OnlyAfricancichlidshaveagoodmemory.
Ifyouweregivenachancetochooseyourfavoritelifemetaphor比喻whatwoulditbe?DoyouagreewithForrestGump’smotherthatlifeisaboxofchocolatesbecauseyouneverknowwhatyou’regoingtoget?Ordoyoupreferthephrasefromthe1930’ssongthatlifeisjustabowlofcherries樱桃?Thoughsimplystatedeachconveysaverydifferentview.A.boximpliesmysterybecausewedon’tknowwhatisinaclosedbox.Meanwhileabowlofcherriesiscompletelyinview.Formanycenturiesthemetaphoroflifethatprobablyburstintomostpeople’smindwastheonesuggestedbyShakespeare:AlloflifeisastageOnthatstagewetakesevenroles.MorerecentlypsychologistErikEriksontookuptheideaoflifeasastagE.Eriksonregardeddevelopmentasapowerfulunfoldinginwhichwearedrivenfromonestagetothenextasourbodiesmindsandsocialrolesdevelop.Stagemetaphorsfitwithmanyofourcommon-senseideasaboutchangebuttheproblemwiththestagemetaphoristhatitisn’tparticularlyaccuratE.NoneofthestudiesthattrytoclarifytheuniversalityofadultlifestagesactuallystudiedpeopleastheydevelopedovertimE.Allofthemwerebasedonperformancesoftheirsamples样本atonepointintimE.People’sactuallivesdon’tfitintothesestagemetaphors.Theydon’tautomaticallytransformwhenpeoplereachacertainagE.Insteadpeople’sreallivesaremessyunpredictableandfullofsurprises.TodayI’dliketofocusonanevenlongerstudyan80-yearstudywhichisthesubjectofarecentbookbyHowardFriedmanandLeslieMartin.Theirfinalchaptersummarizesthemanychangesofhealthyandunhealthypathwaysthattheirparticipantstookoverthecourseoftheirlives.AsItoodiscoveredinmyresearchthepathwayprovidesaperfectmetaphorofhumandevelopment.Wedon’tallgodownthesameroadmarkedwiththesamesignpostsbasedonagE.PeopletravelthroughdiverseroutesastheytracktheyearsofadulthooD.FriedmanandMartinusehealthandlonglifeastheirmeasure;I’veusedsenseofachievement.Inbothcasesweareinperfectagreementinevaluatingdevelopmentnotaccordingtoagebutthekeyfeaturesoflife.ThepathsthatFriedmanandMartindescribeseizethechangesthatcharacterizepeopleastheyagE.SomeexamplesareTheHighRoadreliablefullofplans;NotEasyStreetexposedtohighstressthroughoutlifeCatastropheLaneadownwardlytwistylife;HappyTrailstoYoucheerfulsociableTheRoadtoResilienceabletohandlestresswithastrongwill.ThoughIhaven’tyetbeenabletofollowmyparticipantsfor80yearsItoosawsomeofthesepathwaysamongmysamples:TheMindingWayTheDownwardSlopeTheStraightandNarrowPathandTheSuccessfulTrail.Thepathwaymetaphorgivesyouhopeforchangingthedirectionofyourlifeifyouareunhappywithitsofar.Youcan’tstoptheclockfromtickingtheminutesbetweenonebirthdayandthenextbutyoucanadjusttheroadthatyou’reonbychangingyourselfyoursituationorboth.50.Theauthorintroducesthetopicofthepassageinthefirstparagraphby______.A.makingcomparisonsB.givingexamplesC.describingscenesD.providingexplanations51.Accordingtothepassagethestagemetaphor______.A.leadstomisunderstandingsB.isusedinmemoryofShakespeareC.doesn’texactlyreflectone’sreallifeD.hasn’tenoughstagestoclarifylifechanges52.TheauthorisconvincedofthelifemetaphorFriedmanandMartinsuggestbecauseshe______.A.spentlesstimeonherresearchB.hasfoundtheirbookabestsellerC.considerstheirmeasuremorescientificD.gotasimilarfindingtotheirs53.Whenapersonisfacingdifficultiesbravelywhichmetaphorcanbestdescribehim?A.NotEasyStreetB.HappyTrailstoYouC.CatastropheLaneD.TheRoadtoResilience54.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?A.Thepathwayasaperfectlifemetaphor.B.Variousviewsonlifemetaphors.C.Thestageasacommonlifemetaphor.D.Differentkindsoflifemetaphors.
Plantsareveryimportantlivingthings.Lifecouldnotgooniftherewerenoplants.Thisisbecauseplantscanmakefoodfromairwaterandsunlight.Animalsandmancannotmakefoodfromairwaterandsunlight.Animalsgettheirfoodbyeatingplantsandotheranimals.ThereforeanimalsandmanneedplantsinordertolivE.Thisiswhywefindthattherearesomanyplantsaroundus.Ifyoulookcarefullyattheplantsaroundyouyouwillfindthattherearetwokindsofplantsfloweringplantsandnon-floweringplants.Floweringplantscanmakeseeds.Theseedsareprotectedbythefruits.Somefruitshaveoneseedsomehavetwothreeorfourandsomehavemanyseeds.Butafewfruitshavenoseedsatall.Anexampleofafruitwithoutseedsisthebananafruit.Mostnon-floweringplantsdonotgrowfromseeds.Theygrowfromspores胚芽Sporesareverysmall.Somesporesaresosmallandlightthattheycanfloatintheair.Wemaysaythatsporesarequitethesameasseeds.Whenthesesporesareallonwetandshadyplacestheyusuallygrowintonewplants.36.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat______.A.plantsareimportantforlifeB.plantscannotgrowwithoutairC.therearemanyplantsintheworldD.wecannotlivewithoutwater37..Plantscanmakefoodfrom______.A.flowerwaterandairB.watersunlightandairC.airwaterandsoilD.airsunandlight38.Whatcanweinfer推断fromthepassageA.OfalllivingthingsanimalsaremostimportantB.SporesareseedsC.AllfruitsoffloweringplantshaveseedsD.Withoutplantsmanwilldieout39.Thispassagemaybetakenfrom______.A.amedicinebookB.anovelC.asciencemagazineD.anexperimentreport40..Theunderlinedwordprotectedinthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby______.A.damagedB.pollutedC.preventedD.guarded
Itisacommonbeliefthatofallthewonderfulgiftsthatwe’vebeengivenoneofthegreatestisfreedom.Thatiswhysomanyofustrytogainfreedomatanycost.Butareallkindsoffreedomworthseeking?OnewindyspringdayIobservedyoungpeoplehavingfunusingthewindtoflytheirkites.Multicoloredcreationsofvaryingshapesandsizesfilledtheskieslikebeautifulbirdsmovinganddancing.Asthestrongwindsblewagainstthekitesastringkeptthemincheck.Insteadofblowingawaywiththewindtheyaroseagainstittoachievegreatheights.Theyshookandpulledbuttherestraining约束stringandthetailkeptthembeingpulledalongfacingupwardandagainstthewinD.AsthekitesstruggledandtrembledagainstthestringtheyseemedtosayLetmego!Letmego!Iwanttobefree!Theyflewbeautifullyevenastheyfoughttherestrictionofthestring.FinallyoneofthekitessucceededinbreakingloosE.Freeatlastitseemedtosay.FreetoflywiththewinD.YetfreedomfromrestraintsimplyputisatthemercyofanunsympatheticsoftwinD.Itsoonfelltothegroundandlandedinamassofweedsandstringagainstadeadbush.Freeatlastfreetoliepowerlessinthedirttobeblownhelplesslyalongthegroundandtogetstucklifelessagainstthefirstobstruction障碍物.HowmuchlikekiteswesometimesarE.TheHeavengivesusmisfortunesandrestrictionsrulestofollowfromwhichwecangrowandgainstrength.Restraintisanecessarymatchforthewindsofopposition.SomeofusfoughtattherulessohardthatweneverflytoreachtheheightswemighthaveobtaineD.WekeeppartoftherulesorlawsandneverrisehighenoughtogetourtailsoffthegrounD.LetuseachrisetothegreatheightsrecognizingthatsomeoftherestraintsthatwemayfeelannoyedaboutareactuallythesteadyforcethathelpsusgoupandachievE.68.Thekitesstruggledandtrembledagainstthestringbecausethey________.A.wasrestrainedbythewindB.triedtogainabsolutefreedomC.wantedtodancelikebirdsD.wereatthemercyofthewind69.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresultofthekitethatbrokeloose?A.Freedompreventsusfromflying.B.Itisrestraintsthatstopusrising.C.Withoutrestraintwithoutfreedom.D.Thereisnojusticewithoutfreedom.70.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefifthparagraphmean?A.Ifwewanttoflyhigherweshouldfighthardatrules.B.Peopleshouldn’tobeyrulesbecauseit’shardtofollow.C.Rulesarenecessaryforustoreachahigherlevel.D.Somerulesaretoostrictforpeopletoobey.71.Intheauthor’sopinionsomeoftherestraints________.A.arewonderfulgiftsgivenbytheGodB.shouldbeendedrightawayC.aresomethingthatweareupsetaboutD.cangiveuspowertoflyhigher
AskanyonewhatisthemostdifficultpartofchangingtheirlifestylehabitsandtheyaremostlikelytosayStayingmotivated.Buta36-year-oldprofessorfromCarnegieMellonUniversityclaimsitmayhavetheanswerintheformofrobotweightlosscoachthatdishesoutdailyhealthadviceandencouragement.AutomistheworkofIntuitiveAutomataacompanybasedinShaTinwhichclaimstobeapioneerincommercialsocially-interactiverobots.Therobotwhichstandsaround38centimeterstallhasaheadthatswivels旋转blueeyesandatouchscreenwhichallowstheusertoinputinformationdailyaboutexerciseanddietItscreatorssayAutomwillhaveadailyconversationwithitsuserlastinguptofiveminutesgivingfeedbackandencouragement.Overtimeitwillinteractmorewiththeuserasitgathersmoreinformationaboutthem.CoryKrddaresearchteammanagerwiththeFederalEmergencyManagementAgencyclaimsresearchhasshownthatpeoplefindrobotsamorereliablesourceofinformationthanon-screen-basedcharacter.InacontrolledstudyinPittsburghCityCouncil15dietersweregivenAutomforsixweeks.Another15receivedatouch-screencomputerwithidenticalsoftwareand15weregivenapaperlog.Thestudyfoundpeopleusingtherobotaremorelikelytostickwiththeirdietslongerinfacttwiceaslongasthoseusingjustapaperlog.WhilenotonepersonamongthecomputerorpapergroupscontinuedpastsixweeksmostwhohadAutomdidnotwanttogiveherbackattheconclusionofthestudyhesaid.Thebottomlineisthatarobotcreatesamorepowerfulandlong-lastingrelationshipwiththeuserthanacharacteronthescreen.AutomisexpectedtogoonsalelaterthisyearintheUnitedStatesforaround$500.ArobotwhichspeaksandunderstandsCantoneseandMandarininadditiontoEnglishaccordingtothedemandsisalsobeingdeveloped.50.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThedevelopmentofAutom.B.Theautomatedwaytomotivation.C.Theworkingprincipleofrobots.D.Thewaytochangethelifestylehabits.51.Whatcanweknowaboutthecontrolledstudy?A.ThestudywasledbyCoryKidd.B.Thesubjectsweredividedbytwo.C.EverypersonwithAutomcontinuedpastsixweeks.D.PeopleusingAutomgainmorebenefitsthanotherpeople.52.WhichistrueaboutAutomaccordingtothepassage?A.Thepriceofthisrobotisveryhigh.B.Itcancommunicatewithpeoplefreely.C.Automcanactasacoachtohelploseweight.D.TheserobotscalledAutomhavebeenusedwidely.53.WhichinstitutionisresponsibleforthedevelopmentofAutom?A.IntuitiveAutomata.B.PittsburghCityCouncil.C.CarnegieMellonUniversityD.FederalEmergencyManagementAgency.54.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Therobotcanhelppeoplechangetheirlifestylehabits.B.Therobotcan'tspeakEnglishexceptCantoneseandMandarin.C.Therobotthatcanspeakmanylanguageshasbeenpopularwiththeusers.D.Therobotthatcanspeakmanylanguagesmeetsthedemandofthecustomers.
Therearemanywaysofdefiningsuccess.Itisaccuratetosaythateachofushasourownideasofsuccesstotheextentthateachofusisresponsibleforsettingourowngoalsanddeterminingwhetherwehavemetthesegoalssatisfactorily.Becauseeachofuspossessesuniquedifferencesingeneticabilityandfavorableenvironmentsinwhichtoexpresstheseabilitiesitisnecessarilytruethatwemustdefinesuccessbroadly.Forsomepeoplesimplybeingabletolivetheirlifewiththeleastmiseryandsufferingsisconsideredasuccess.Thinkofthepeaceofmindofthepoorshepherdwhotendshissheepenjoyshissimplelifewithhisfamilyinthebeautyofnatureandwhoisrespectedbecausehedoesagoodjobofachievingthegoalsexpectedofhimandacceptedbyhisfamilyandhissociety.Ontheotherhanditseemsthateventhoughsomepeopleappeartoberichinmaterialpossessionsmanyofthemseemtobemiserableandconsiderthemselvesunsuccessfulwhenjudgedbytheirownstandardsofsuccess.Becausenotallventurescanbesuccessfuloneshouldnotsetunrealisticgoalsforachievingsuccessbutifonehasself-confidenceitwouldbeunfortunatetosetone'sgoalsattoolowalevelofachievement.Awisemanoncesaidtoayoungmanwhowasexperiencingfrustration挫折withhisownprofessionalsuccessYoudonothavetosetyourgoaltoreachthemooninordertohavesuccessintraveling.SometimesonecanbeverysuccessfulmerelybytakingawalkintheparkorridingthesubwaydowntownThemanaddedYouhavenotreallyfailedandspoiledyourchancesforsuccessuntilyouhavebeenunsuccessfulatsomethingyoureallylikeandtowhichyouhavegivenyourbesteffort.42.Accordingtothefirstparagraphwhatisimpliedasbasicinachievingsuccess?A.Abilityandgoals.B.Goalsanddetermination.C.Abilityandenvironment.D.Goalsandenvironment.43.Somerichpeopleconsiderthemselvesunsuccessfulbecause______.A.theirlifeisbusyandmiserableB.theyhaven'treachedtheirownstandardsC.theysettheirgoalsattoolowalevelD.theyarenotrichinmaterialpossessions44.Fromthelastparagraphwecantellthat______.A.successmeansachievinggreatgoalsB.successcomesfromgreatgoalsettingC.successmeanseffortsandfavoritespayoffD.successhasnothingtodowiththedistanceofyourtravel45.Thepurposeofthepassageis______.A.togiveusacleardefinitionofwhatsuccessisB.totalkabouthowtoachievesuccessC.tostatewhatourlifegoalisD.todiscusstheimportanceofgoals
Whenyoumakeamistakebigorsmallcherishitlikeit’sthemostpreciousthingintheworlD.Becauseinsomewaysitis.Mostofusfeelbadwhenwemakemistakesbeatourselvesupaboutitfeellikefailuresgetmadatourselves.Andthat’sonlynatural:mostofushavebeentaughtfromayoungagethatmistakesarebadthatweshouldtrytoavoidmistakes.We’vebeenscoldedwhenwemakemistakes—athomeschoolandwork.Maybenotalwaysbutprobablyenoughtimestomakefeelingbadaboutmistakesanunconsciousreaction.Yetwithoutmistakeswecouldnotlearnorgrow.Ifyouthinkaboutitthatwaymistakesshouldbecherishedandcelebratedforbeingoneofthemostamazingthingsintheworld:theymakelearningpossible;theymakegrowthandimprovementpossiblE.Bytrialanderror—tryingthingsmakingmistakesandlearningfromthosemistakes—wehavefiguredouthowtomakeelectriclighttopainttheceilingoftheSistineChapeltofly.MistakesmakewalkingpossibleforthesmallesttoddlermakespeechpossiblemakeworksofgeniuspossiblE.Thinkabouthowwelearn:wedon’tjustconsumeinformationaboutsomethingandinstantlyknowitorknowhowtodoit.Youdon’tjustreadaboutpaintingorwritingorcomputerprogrammingorbakingorplayingthepianoandknowhowtodothemrightaway.Insteadyougetinformationaboutsomethingfromreadingorfromanotherpersonorfromobservingthenyoumakemistakesandrepeatmakingmistakeslearningfromthosemistakesuntilyou’veprettymuchlearnedhowtodosomething.That’showwelearnasbabiesandtoddlersandhowwelearnasadults.Mistakesarehowwelearntodosomethingnew—becauseifyousucceedatsomethingit’sprobablysomethingyoualreadyknewhowtodo.Youhaven’treallygrownmuchfromthatsuccess—atmostit’sthelaststeponyourjourneynotthewholejourney.Mostofthejourneywasmadeupofmistakesifit’sagoodjourney.Soifyouvaluelearningifyouvaluegrowingandimprovingthenyoushouldvaluemistakes.TheyareamazingthingsthatmakeaworldofbrilliancepossiblE.60.Whydomostofusfeelbadaboutmakingmistakes?A.Becausemistakesmakeussufferalot.B.Becauseit’sanaturalpartinourlifE.C.Becausewe’vebeentaughtsofromayoungagE.D.Becausemistakeshaveruinedmanypeople’scareers.61.Accordingtothepassagewhatistherightattitudetomistakes?A.Weshouldtrytoavoidmakingmistakes.B.Weshouldowegreatinventionsmainlytomistakes.C.Weshouldtreatmistakesasgoodchancestolearn.D.Weshouldmakefeelingbadaboutmistakesanunconsciousreaction.62.TheunderlinedwordtoddlerinParagraph6probablymeans.A.asmallchildlearningtowalkB.akindergartenchildlearningtodrawC.aprimarypupillearningtoreadD.aschoolteenagerlearningtowrite63.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.mostofuscanreallygrowfromsuccessB.growingandimprovingarebasedonmistakesC.welearntomakemistakesbytrialanderrorD.wereadaboutsomethingandknowhowtodoitrightaway
Everyonehasgottwopersonalities—theonethatisshowntotheworldandtheotherthatissecretandreal.Youdon'tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyou'reawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehaviorbutwhenyou'reasleepyoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.Inanormalnightofcoursepeoplefrequentlychangetheirposition.Theimportantpositionistheonethatyougotosleepin.Ifyougotosleeponyourbackyou'reaveryopenperson.Younormallytrustpeopleandyouareeasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas.Youdon'tliketoupsetpeoplesoyouneverexpressyourrealfeelings.You'requiteshyandyouaren'tveryconfident.Ifyousleeponyourstomachyouarearathersecretive不坦率的person.Youworryalotandyou'realwayseasilyupset.You'reverystubborn顽固的butyouaren'tveryambitious.Youusuallylivefortodaynotfortomorrow.ThismeansthatyouenjoyhavingagoodtimE.Ifyousleepcurledup卷曲youareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealowopinionofyourselfandsoyou'reoftendefensivE.You'reshyandyoudon'tnormallylikemeetingpeoplE.Youprefertobeonyourown.You'reeasilyhurt.Ifyousleeponyoursideyouhaveusuallygotawell-balancedpersonality.Youknowyourstrengthsandweaknesses.You'reusuallycareful.Youhaveaconfidentpersonality.Yousometimesfeelanxiousbutyoudon'toftengetdepresseD.YoualwayssaywhatyouthinkevenifitannoyspeoplE.51.Accordingtothewriteryounaturallyshowyoursecretandrealpersonality_________.A.onlyinanormalnightB.onlywhenyouchangesleepingpositionC.onlywhenyourefusetoshowyourselftotheworldD.onlywhenyougotosleep52.WhichisNOTmentionedinthesecondparagraphaboutaperson'spersonalityA.Heorsheisalwayseasilyupset.B.Heorshealwayslikesnewideasearlierthanothers.C.Heorsheisalwaysopenwithothers.D.Heorshetendstobelieveinothers.53.Maybeyoudon'twanttomakefriendswithapersonwhosleepscurledupWhyA.Heorsheisrarelyreadytohelpyou.B.Heorshewouldratherbealonethancommunicatewithyou.C.Heorsheprefersstayingathometogoingout.D.Heorshewouldn'tliketogethelpfromyou.54.Itappearsthatthewritertendstothinkhighlyofthepersonwhosleepsononesidebecause__________.A.heorshealwaysshowssympathyforpeopleB.heorsheoftenconsidersannoyingpeopleC.heorshehasmorestrengthsthanweaknessesD.heorsheisconfidentbutnotstubborn
HappinessconsistsinthemultiplicityofagreeableconsciousnesswroteSamuelJohnsonafamousBritishwriterandlexicographer词典编写者oftheeighteenthcentury.Todayamidthelargeamountofworldlytemptationsandmaterialsourcesofmodern-dayenjoymentpeoplefromallwalksoflifearestillsearchingforthekeytohappiness.ThequestionHowcanwebehappy?seemstoworryeveryonE.Indeedinthisdayandageofscientificadvancementandheavenlycomfortspeoplestilldonotseemabletofindadefiniteanswertotheage-oldproblemoffindinghappiness.Happinessseemstobeaverydifficultthing.InOxfordEnglandanotedpsychologyprofessorDrMichaelArgylehassucceededinhisquestforhappiness.Overthepasteightyearshehasbeenresearchingthemysteriousantithesis对立面ofdepressionandhasfoundconvincingclueswhichhehasembodiedinhisbooks.ThePsychologyofHappinessandTheSocialPsychologyofEverydayLife.DrArgyleexplainsthathappinesscomprisesthreeessentialelements—firstpositiveemotions1ikejoy;secondtheabsenceofnegativeemotionslikeanxiety;andlastlythenon-emotionalelementwhichmeansageneralmoreprofoundsatisfactionwithlifE.ThebiggersourceofhappinessisahappymarriageDrArgyleexplains.Jobsatisfactionhecontinuesisanotheressentialingredientofhappiness.Doyoufeelyouaredoingausefuljob?Doyoufeelyouareachievingorstandachanceofachievingyourambitions?Ifyouhonestlyhavepositiveanswerstothesequestionstheneventuallyyouwillbehappy;ifnotthenyoucanstillbehappybyreducingyourambitionsandloweringyourexpectationsinordertoachievehappiness.Thefactisthehigheryourambitionsanddreamsarethemoredifficultitwillbeforyoutoachieveyourgoalsandthereforeitwillbehardertoachievesatisfactionandhappiness.DrArgyleoffersotherwayspeoplecanfindrealhappiness.Musicgamesorsportsadrinkwithafriendasimplegatheringattealunchordinnerwithlovedonesorsimplythinkingofnicethingscangiveapersonhappinessifonlyforafewhours.Surprisinglytelevisionprogrammesespeciallysoapoperasoffernothingbutabitofpleasurablemoments.OftentelevisionviewersaresocarriedawayemotionallythattheyfeeldepressedoremotionallytireD.Non-soapprograrmmesontheotherhandboremanyviewersorsometimesdeepentheirmisery.DrArgylefurtherexplainsthatwealthandworldlysuccessdocontributetohappiness.ButintheultimateanalysisDrArgylesaysitistheperson’stemperament性情thatmakeshimhappyorunhappy.Thereareinourmidstpeoplewhoarenaturallyhappyandtherearethesadones.Happinessisindeedmysterious.AsonewisemanputitFewarethosewhohaveneverhadthechancetoachievehappinessbutfewerthosewhohavenevertakenthatchancE.ThepursuitofHappiness
AlthougheveryonehasacreativesideandalogicalsidesomepeoplefinditachallengetogetintouchwiththeircreativesidE.Beingcreativemeansbeingpreparedtothinkofnewandoriginalwaystodothings.HerearesomewaystohelpyougetintouchwithyourcreativesidE.Whenyouwanttobecreativeit’sveryimportanttorelieveanytensionfromyourbodysothatyourmindcanbeopentonewexperiencesandnotbeoccupiedwithdealingwithtensionorstress.It’spossibletorelaxveryquicklyifyoutakethreeorfourdeepbreaths.Intherelaxedstateyoupickupapenandstarttowritedownallthepotentialwaysthatyoucouldtaketoachievewhatyouwant.Youmightfindthatyouwouldliketousepaintsinsteadoramusicalinstrumenttoexpressyournewfoundcreativityandexplorewhereitleadsyou.Onceyouarefullyrelaxedyoucanbegintothinkabouttheprojectyouareattemptingtocompleteandallowyourmindtowanderovervariouspossibilitiesratherthanimmediatelygoingfortheobviouslogicalwaytodoit.Closeyoureyesandaskyourselfwhatwaystheremightbetosolveyourprojectandnoticethescenarios设想whichappearinyourmindasyoudothis.YoumaynoticepicturessoundsoremotionsoracombinationofallthreE.Thenimagineyourselfmovingintothescenariothatyouarethinkingaboutandthendiscoverwhatmightormightnotworkforyouandothers.Beawareofanyemotionsthatcomeupwhenyouvisitthevariousscenarios.Keepanotebookhandytowritedownyourexperiencesandinsightsasaresultofyourvisualization可视化..It’seasytodismissunusualordifferentsolutionswhichyouhaven’ttriedbeforebutit’simportanttobepreparedtoexperimentandplaywiththem.SometimeswhatisneededisjustdoingsomethingevenifyouareuncertainofthepotentialoutcomE.Peopleoftenthinkofallthepossiblewaysthatsomethingwon’tworkandasaresulttheydismisstheideaofperforminganexperimenttoseewhatwouldhappen.Therealityisthatwecan'tforetellthefuturesoit’susefultoplanforitinacreativeandexcitingnewway.TitleHowtodevelopyour76..Introduction◆It’s77.ingettingintouchwiththeircreativesidE.◆Beingcreativemeansbeingreadytothinkofnewandoriginalwaystodothings.78.______tohelpingyoubecreative79..◆ReleaseanytensionfromyourbodytoopenyourminD.◆80.deeplyforseveraltimescanhelprelaxveryquickly.◆SetdowntheentirepotentialwaysofhelpingyouachievesomethingwhileyoufeelrelaxeD.Visualizing◆Thinkaboutyourprojectandtakevariouspossibilitiesinto81.beforegoingtothewaytodoit.◆Closeyoureyesandaskyourselfthe82.waystosolveyourprojectandnoticethescenariosappearingmyourminD.◆Imagineyourselfmovingintothescenarioanddiscoverwhatmightormightnotworkforyouandothers.◆Beawareofanyemotionsthatcomeupwhenvisitingthevariousscenarios.◆Makea83.__ofyourexperiencesandinsightsasaresultofyourvisualization.84..◆Bepreparedtotryunusualordifferentsolutions.◆Dosomething85.ofwhatisthepotentialresult.◆Planforthefutureinacreativeandexcitingnewway.
HowtoMakeFriendsFriendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphasmanybenefits.Itofferscompanionshipimprovesself-worthandpromotesgoodhealth.Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtownorchangedourjobsorschools.SuchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafrienD.MakingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeoplE.ButformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescouragE.Belowaresomehelpfulsuggestionsonhowtomakeandkeepfriends.Associatewithothers.ThefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeoplE.YoucangotopublicplacestomeetnewpeoplE.Besidesyouwillneedtomakeyourselfknownbybecominganactivememberofsuchplaces.Startaconversation.Startingaconversationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.Donotwaittobespokento.Youcanalwaysstarttheconversation.BeingabletomakesmalltalkisaveryusefulskillinrelatingwithotherpeoplE.Dothingstogether.Choosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinbuildingfriendshipastheseinterestswouldalwaysbringyouandyourfriendtogether.HangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperiencE.Letitgrow.Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.HowevertrynottopressyournewfriendwithcallsmessagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfrienD.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.Enjoyyourfriendship.Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.TrynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretowhatyouwantthemtobE.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou.HowtoMakeFriendsIt’s___63___forustohaveagoodfrienD.Manyofushave64___inmakingandkeepingfriends.Belowaresomesuggestions.I..Associatewithothers.Gotopublicplacestomeetnewpersons.Beactivetomakepeopleknowyou.II.Startaconversation.Speaktootherpeopleactivelybymakingsmalltalk.III.Dothingstogether.Choosefriendswhohave__65__withyouHaveanaimless__66__withyourfriendsforpleasurE.IV.Letitgrow.AvoidpressingyournewfriendwithcallsmessagesorvisitsallthetimE.Givetimetoyourfriendtoadapttoyou.V..Enjoyyourfriendship.Trynottofind67__withyourfriends.LetyourfriendsbethemselvesStrivetoimproveyourself.
Areyoustressedoutscaredorworriedallthetime?Doyouavoidgoingtocertainplacesseeingfriendsordoingcertainthingsbecauseofyourworries?Doyourworrieskeepyouawakeatnight?Ifyou’veansweredyesyoumaybesufferingfromanxiety.AnxietyisanormalandnecessarypartoflifE.Anxietyisyourbrain’swayoftellingyouaboutdanger.Itisanxietywhichhelpsyoujumpoutofthewayifacarisspeedingtowardsyou.Butifitgetsoutofhandanxietycangetinthewayofyourgettingonwithlifeandcanbecomearealproblem.Ifthisisthecaseforyoutreatmentmaybeahelpfulwayforyoutogetyouranxietyundercontrol.AnxietyisanormalpartoflifE.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasyifmovingtoanewplaceandsomemaygetoverlyanxiousincertainsituations.Therearelotsofreasonsforthis.OnemainreasonisafterastressfulthingwhichhashappenedinyourlifE.Soifyouareinvolvedinacarcrashit’squitelikelythatyouwillbemoreworriedthanotherpeoplearoundcarsanddriving.Beinganxiousalsoprobablyrunsinfamilies.Ifyourparentssufferfromanxietythenyouaremorelikelytobeanxioustoo.Thisisprobablypartlyduetogeneticsandpartlybecauseofhowthingsarewhenyou’regrowingup.Eventhoughpeopledon’ttalkaboutitmuchanxietyisoneofthemostcommonmentalhealthproblems.About1in4peoplewillhaveananxietyproblematsometimeintheirlifE.Ifyouhaveananxietyproblemit’shardforotherpeopletounderstandwhysomethingthatdoesn’tworrythemlikebeinginacrowdofpeoplecanbesoscaryforyou.ThiscanmakeyoufeelseparatedandlonelyandmaybecomeworseandworsE.Thegoodnewsistherearelotsofexcellenttreatmentsavailableforanxiety.Theseincludetakingtherapies疗法anddrugs.69.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutanxiety?A.Almosteverybodyhasacertaindegreeofanxietyincertainsituations.B.It’sabnormalforpeopletogettooanxiousafterastressfulthing.C.Withanxietyyouarefarawayfromtrafficaccidents.D.Whenyoufeelstressedoutscaredorworriedyouaresurelysufferingfromanxiety.70.WhichofthefollowingreasonsforanxietyisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Genetics.B.ExperiencE.C.Illness.D.Environment.71.Theauthorwillmostprobablytalkabout________followingthispassagE.A.whatisaboutanxietyB.howtohandleanxietyC.whatcausesanxietyD.whenanxietybecomesserious
Whydopeopledrinktoomucheattoomuchsmokecigarettesortakedrugs?What'stoblameforallthebadbehavior?Mostpeoplewouldsaythatwhiletheseself-destructive自我毁灭的actscanhavemanyrootcausestheyallhaveoneobviousthingincommon:theyareallexamplesoffailuresofself-controllackingthewillpowertoresistthem.Accordingtoarecentstudyhoweverifyoureallythinkaboutitsomethingaboutthatsimpleanswerdoesn'tquitemakesensE.Infactitturnsoutthatsometimesit'shavingwillpowerthatreallygetsyouintotroublE.Thinkbacktothetimeyoutookyourveryfirstsip啜饮ofbeer.Disgustingwasn'tit?WhenmyfathergavememyfirsttasteofbeerasateenagerIwonderedwhyanyonewouldvoluntarilydrinkit.Andsmoking?Nooneenjoystheirfirstcigarette—ittastesawful.Soeventhoughsmokinganddrinkingalcoholorcoffeecanbecometemptationyouneedwillpowertoresisttheynevereverstartoutthatway.Justgettingpastthosefirsthorribleexperiencesactuallyrequiresalotofself-control.IronicallyonlythosewhocancontrolthemselveswellratherthangiveintothemcanevercometosomedaydevelopatasteforBudweiserbeerMarlborocigarettesordark-roastedStarbuckscoffeE.WedoitforsocialacceptancE.Weforceourselvestoconsumealcoholcigarettescoffeeandevenillegaldrugsinordertoseemexperiencedgrown-upandcool.Thesebadhabitsaren'tself-controlfailures—farfromit.Theyarevoluntarychoicesandtheyareinfactself-controlsuccesses.Self-controlissimplyatooltobeputtosomeusehelpfulorharmful.Tolivehappyandproductivelivesweneedtodevelopnotonlyourself-controlbutalsothewisdomtomakegooddecisionsaboutwhenandwheretoapplyit.43.Whatdomostpeoplethinkcausesbadbehavior?A.Beingforcedbyothers.B.Enjoyingtheirfirstexperiences.C.Nothavingenoughwillpower.D.Followingtheexamplesoftheirfriends.44.Theauthormentionshisexperienceinthethirdparagraphtoprove.A.willpowerhelpsdevelopbadhabitssometimesB.drinkingbeerisharmfultothehealthofteenagersC.self-controlshouldbedevelopedwhenoneisyoungD.everyonecanbechallengedbydifferenttemptations45.Inthelastparagraphtheauthorstressesthat.A.withoutself-controlnoonecansucceedB.applyingself-controlcorrectlyisimportantC.badhabitsdon'talwaysleadtobadresultsD.peoplecandevelopwisdomfrombadbehavior46.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.MyFirstSipofBeerB.DoYouHaveWillPower?C.WillPowerBenefitsUsD.DarkSideofSelf-control
ConfidenceisveryimportantindailylifE.Itcanhelpyoutodevelopahealthyattitude态度.A.studyshowsthatthepeoplewhoaremoreconfidentaremuchhappier.Theycanhavemorechancetomakethemselvessuccessful.Buthowtobemoreconfident?Herearesomesuggestions:SpeakloudWhenyouarenotconfidentyoucan'tdowellwhatyouwanttodo.Youspeakinavoicesolowthatotherpeoplecanhardlyhearyou.Trytospeakloudenoughsothatpeoplecanhearyouclearly.Thehighvoicecanhelpyoubecomemoreconfident.PlaysportsPhysicalexercisemakesyoutiredbutcompletelyrelaxeD.A.strongbodyhelpsyoubefullofconfidencE.EncourageyourselfWritedownalistofthingsyoudidduringthedaytoseehowmanythingsyouhavedonewell.Didyoufinishyourhomework?Didyoutellajokethatmadeeverybodylaugh?Giveyourselfpraiseforthegoodthingsyou'vedonE.Getridof克服fearFearcomesalongwithfailurE.Butit'seasytoovercomeifyouknowthatfailureispartofyourlifE.Don'thideyourheadjustbecauseyousaidsomethingstupidlasttimE.Trytostartagainandbelieveyoucandobetter.PickupahobbyIfyoulikesingingsingasmuchasyoucan.Insomewaysahobbycanmakeyououtstanding.Anditwillmakeyouhappyandconfident.46.Peoplewhoaremoreconfident.A.havelesschancetosucceedB.don’thaveahealthyattitudeC.aremuchhappierD.arelesshappier47.PeoplewithoutconfidenceA.havestrongbodyB.speakinalowvoiceC.havegoodhobbies.D.arebrave48.What’sthemeaningofDon'thideyourhead?A.不要打自己的头B.不要犯傻C.不要把头藏起来D.不要逃避49.Whathobbyarementionedinthepassage?A.OutstandingB.SingingC.CollectingstampsD.Playingfootball50.Tobemoreconfidenthowmanysuggestionsaregiveninthepassage?A.FiveB.FourC.ThreeD.Two
OnethousandreadersleadtoonethousandHamlets.ItisalsotruetoEnglishlearners.Englishlearnersdohavelearningmethodsdifferentfromeachother.Somearereasonablesomenegative否定的andsomehardtojudgE.SomelearnersholdtheviewthatIdon’thaveanygiftforlearningEnglishit’sdifficultforme.OfcourseIdon’tagreewiththeideA.It’sindeedafactthatsomepeoplearemoregifted有天赋的thanothersbuteveryonecanlearnaslongasyoufindasuitablelearningmethodandworkharder.SomethinkthatthekeytolearningEnglishwellistorememberarichvocabulary.AsfarasI’mconcernedthatisfarfrombeingasuccessfulEnglishlearner.Vocabularyisvitalbutknowinghowtousetheexactwordsandexpressionsincertainsituationsismoreimportant.IdisagreethatinordertospeakEnglishwellyouhavetoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountry.IknowmanypeoplewhospeakexcellentEnglishbuttheyhaveneverbeenabroaD.Butitdoesn’tmeanenvironmentisnotimportant.BeinginanEnglish-speakingcountryyoucannotonlybeexposed暴露tothelanguagebutalsolearnthecultureofthecountrywhichishelpfultoyou.HowevernoteveryonehasachancetogoabroaD.SowearelearningEnglishweshouldspeakmorE.AswhatIbelieveDon’tbeshy!Justtry!Nomatterwhatwedomistakeswillhappen.Allweshoulddoislearningfromthemistakesandtryingtocorrecttheminthenext.ThereisasayinggoessilenceisgolD.HoweverwhenitcomestoEnglishlearningsilencemeansnothing.IfwearealwaysbeingafraidofmakingmistakeswewillgetnothingintheenD.FinallyconfidenceisimportanttoourEnglishlearners.Beinggivenachancetospeakyoushouldseizeitandspeakout.Onlyafteryouspeakoutcanothersknowyouropinions.Allyoushoulddoisnotworryaboutmakingmistakesbuttrytoexpressyouropinionclearly.BesidesspeakingitselfissogoodachancetotestandimproveyourspokenEnglish.68.ThewriterthinksthattheleastimportantinlearningEnglishis________.A.environmentB.confidenceC.giftD.vocabulary69.ThewordvitalinParagraph3probablymeans________.A.uselessB.differentC.difficultD.important70.Accordingthepassagewecanlearnthat________.A.wecannotavoidmakingmistakeswhenlearningaforeignlanguagE.B.it’struethatsomepeopledon’thaveanygiftforlearningEnglish.C.wecan’tspeakEnglishwellunlesslivinginaforeigncountryforsometimE.D.wordsandexpressionsaremoreimportantthangrammarrulesinlearningEnglish.71.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HamletandEnglishlearners.B.TipsaboutEnglishLearning.C.HowtolearnspokenEnglishD.DifferentlearnerslearndifferentEnglish.
AtsometimeinyourlifeyoumayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterriblE.Howeverchancesarethatyoudon’tactonyourimpulse冲动butletitpassinsteaD.Youknowthattocommittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.PerhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesocietyhowcertainbehaviorandattitudesonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintimE.Topicssuchasdeathforexamplewereonceconsideredsoupsettingandunpleasantthatitwasatabootoeventalkaboutthem.NowwiththepublicationofimportantbookssuchasOnDeathandDyingandLearningtoSayGoodbyepeoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimportanceofexpressingfeelingsaboutdeathandasaresultaremorewillingtotalkaboutthistaboosubject.OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.UnlikemanyothertaboosfatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It’snottaboototalkaboutfat;it’stabootobefat.Theinlookisthinnotfat.Intheworkworldmostcompaniespreferyouthful-lookingtrim苗条的executivestoselltheirimageaswellastheirproductstothepubliC.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouthvigorandsuccess.Thefatpersonontheotherhandisthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergyself-disciplineandself-respect.Inanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.thinisinfatisout.It’snotsurprisingthenthatmillionsofAmericanshavebecomeobsessed着迷withstayingslimandinshape.ThepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnothoweverthesolereasonforAmerica’sobsessionwithdietandexercisE.Recentresearchhasshownthecriticalimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednationsthelife-styleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.ModernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhanD.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfrompointtopoint.Asaresultofinactivityanddisusepeople’sbodiescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodiseasE.InanefforttoavoidsuchafatemillionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercisingeveryday.63.Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois_______.A.astrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterribleB.behaviorconsideredunacceptableinsociety’seyesC.acrimecommittedonimpulseD.anunfavorableimpressionleftonotherpeople64.Basedontheideaspresentedinthepassagewecanconcludebeingfat_______.A.willalwaysremainatabooB.maynolongerbeataboosomedayC.haslongbeenatabooD.isnotconsideredataboobymostpeople65.IntheU.S.thinisinfatisoutthismeans_______.A.thinisinsidefatisoutsideB.thinisdiligentfatislazyC.thinisfashionablefatisunfashionableD.thinisyouthfulfatisspiritless66.ThemainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis_______.A.theirchangedlife-styleB.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexerciseC.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthfulD.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies
Eventhehardestdayscontainlessonsthatwillhelpyoubeabetterperson.Feelingdown?Considerthesethingstorememberwhenyou’rehavingabadday.Noonepromisedlifewouldbeperfect.Ifyoulookforperfectionyou’11neverbecontent.Don’tconditionyourhappinessonmeetingeveryexpectationyousetforyourself.Itisgoodtobeambitiousbutyou’11neverbeperfect.Ifyouexpectotherwiseyourlifewillbefilledwithdisappointments.Successdoesn’thappenovernight.Treesthatareslowtogrowbearthebestfruit.Don’tkidyourselfintothinkingsuccesswillcomequickly.Itisn’teasytobepatientbutanythingworthdoingrequirestime.Ifyougetfrustratedremindyourselfwhyyourgoalisimportant.Thereisalessonineverystruggle.Andoncethestormisoveryouwon’trememberhowyoumadeitthroughorhowyoumanagedtosurvive.Butonethingiscertain.Whenyoucomeoutofthestorm.youwon’tbethesamepersonwhowalkedin.That’swhatthisstorm’sallabout.Don’tcomplainabouthowterribleyourlifeis.Ifyousearchforthelessoninyourpresentstruggleyou’11beabletomakepositivechangesthatwouldpreventsimilarsituationsinthefuture.Withouthardtimesyouwouldn’tappreciatethegoodones.Strengthdoesnotcomefromwinning.Yourstrugglesdevelopyourstrengths.Whenyougothroughhardshipsanddecidenottogiveinthatisstrength.Itishardtofindmuchtosmileaboutwhenyoufailbuthowelsewouldyouimproveyourself?Ifyoulookatfailureasapartofyourevolutionaryprocessyou’11staypositiveandpursueyourgoalsforaslongasittakes.25.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthispassage?A.EverypersonhastogothroughhardtimesB.WecanlearnalotfromourstrugglesC.WeshouldacceptthefactthatlifeisnotperfectD.Thingstorememberwhenyouarehavingabadday26.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3mean?A.Successwillcomequickly.B.Hardworkleadstosuccess.C.Successcallsforpatience.D.Confidenceisthefirststeptosuccess.27.WecanlearnfromParagraph4that____________.A.1essonsfromstrugglesmakeusstrongerB.allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasyC.weshouldforgethowwemanagedtosurviveD.similarsituationsinthefuturewillneverappear28.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph5?A.HardtimesmakeusloseheartandbeshortofcouragE.B.Perseveranceintimeofhardshipsdevelopsourstrengths.C.Smileswhenyoufailwillnothelptoimproveyourself.D.Weshouldtrytoavoidfailuresintheevolutionaryprocess.
Lifeisdifficult.Itisagreattruthbecauseoncewetrulyunderstandandacceptitthenlifeisnolongerdifficult.Mostpeopledonotfullyseethistruth.Insteadtheycomplain抱怨abouttheirproblemsanddifficultiesasiflifeshouldbeeasy.Itseemstothemthatdifficultiesstandforaspecialkindofsufferingespeciallyforcedonthemorelseontheirfamiliestheirclassoreventheirnation.WhatmakeslifedifficultisthattheprocessoffacingandsolvingproblemsisapainfulonE.Problemsdependingontheirnaturecausesadnessorloneliness孤独orregretorangerorfear.Theseareuncomfortablefeelingsoftenaspainfulasanykindofphysicalpain.Andsincelifecausesalotofproblemslifeisalwaysdifficultandisfullofpainaswellasjoy.Yetitisinthiswholeprocessofsolvingproblemsthatlifehasitsmeaning.ProblemsaretheserioustestthattellsussuccessfromfailurE.WhenwewanttoencouragethegrowthofhumanspiritweencouragethehumanabilitytosolveproblemsjustasinschoolwesetproblemsforourchildrentosolvE.Itisthroughthepainofmeetingandworkingoutproblemsthatwelearn.AsBenjaminFranklinsaidThosethingsthathurtinstruct指导.Itisforthisreasonthatwisepeoplelearnnottofearbuttowelcomethepainofproblems.40.Fromthepassageitcanbeinferredthat_______.A.everybodyhasproblemsB.webecomestrongerbyfacingandsolvingtheproblemsoflifeC.lifeisdifficultbecauseourproblemsbringuspainD.peopleliketocomplainabouttheirproblems41.Thewriterprobablyusedjustoneshortsentenceinthefirstparagraphto___.A.savespaceB.persuadereadersC.makereaderslaughD.getreaders'attention42.Themainideaofparagraph3isthat_________.A.mostpeoplefeellifeiseasyB.thewriterfeellifeiseasyC.thewriterlikestocomplainabouthisproblemsD.mostpeoplecomplainabouthowhardtheirlivesare43.Accordingtothepassagewegiveschoolchildrendifficultproblemstosolveinorderto______.A.encouragethemtolearnB.teachthemtofearthepainofsolvingtheproblemsC.helpthemlearntodealwithpainD.teachthemhowtorespectproblems44.ThesayingfromBenjaminFranklinThosethingsthathurtinstructsuggeststhat______.A.wedonotlearnfromexperienceB.wedonotlearnwhenweareinpainC.painteachesusimportantlessonsD.paincannotbeavoided
HappinesscanbedescribedasapositivemoodandapleasantstateofminD.Accordingtorecentpolls民意调查sixtytoseventypercentofAmericansconsiderthemselvestobemoderatelyhappyandoneintwentypersonsfeelsveryunhappy.Psychologistshavebeenstudyingthefactorsthatcontributetohappiness.Itisnotpredictablenorisapersoninanapparentlyidealsituationnecessarilyhappy.Theidealsituationmayhavelittletodowithhisactualfeelings.Agoodeducationandincomeareusuallyconsiderednecessaryforhappiness.Thoughbothmaycontributetheyareonlychieffactorsifthepersonisseriouslyundereducatedoractuallysufferingfromlackofphysicalneeds.Thericharenotlikelytobehappierthanthemiddle-incomegrouporeventhosewithverylowincomes.Peoplewithcollegeeducationsaresomewhathappierthanthosewhodidnotgraduatefromhighschoolanditisbelievedthatthisismainlybecausetheyhavemoreopportunitiestocontroltheirlives.Yetpeoplewithahighincomeandacollegeeducationmaybelesshappythanthosewiththesameincomeandnocollegeeducation.Poorhealthdoesnotruleouthappinessexceptfortheseverelydisabledorthoseinpain.Learningtocopewithahealthproblemcancontributetohappiness.ThosewhohavegoodrelationshipwithotherfamilymembersarehappierthanthosewholivealonE.Lovehasahighercorrelationwithhappinessthananyotherfactors.ItshouldbenotedthatpeoplequicklygetusedtowhattheyhaveandtheyarehappiestwhentheyfeeltheyareincreasingtheirlevelnomatterwhereitstandsatagiventimE.Childrenwhoseparentswerehappilymarriedhavehappierchildhoodsbutarenotnecessarilyhappieradults.Thebestformula准则forhappinessistobeabletodevelopAQAdversityQuotientthatcanbeofgreatbenefitwhenrunningintotroubletohaveapersonalinvolvementandcommitmentandtodevelopself-confidenceandself-esteem.47.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_____.A.happinessisneitherpredictablenorapparentB.apersoninanapparentlyidealsituationmustbehappyC.thericharenotlikelytobehappierthanthemiddle-incomegroupD.happinessisnotnecessarilyconnectedtoone’ssituationinsociety48.Accordingtothearticlehappinessisgreatlydependentupon_____.A.ahappychildhoodinwhichonecandowhateverhelikesB.greatwealthwithwhichonecanbuyanythingC.afeelingthatconditionsarebecomingforthebetterD.acollegedegreethatcanhelponeachievegreatsuccess49.ThelettersAQinthelastparagraphmostprobablymean_____.A.ambitiontodefeatothersinaseverecompetitionB.abilitytoovercomedifficultyandgetoutofembarrassingsituationC.methodsofsolvingdifficultproblemsandchallengesinlifeD.attitudestowardsseverecompetitionespeciallyintrouble50.Thebesttitleofthispassagemaybe_____.A.WhatDoesHappinessConsistinB.HappinessandUnhappinessC.DifferentKindsofHappinessD.CausesofHappinessandUnhappiness
Aslifeexpectancyincreasesnowadaystheaveragepersonliveswellbeyondtheageofretirement.Asaresulttheelderlymakeupanever-increasingpercentageofsocietywhichmakesitmoreimportantthaneverforarealefforttobemadeinimprovingthelivesofseniorcitizens.OnewaytodealwiththesituationwouldbetoensurethattheelderlyhaveenoughmoneyonwhichtolivE.Obviouslywhenapersonstopsworkingtheystillrequireasourceofincometocovertheirbasicneedssuchasfoodaccommodationandheating.A.clearsolutiontotheproblemisforthegovernmenttomakesurethatthestatepensionisadequatefortheseneeds.StepsshouldalsobetakentoovercomethehealthproblemstheelderlyfacE.Thegovernmentshouldalsoprovideaccesstothebesthealthcareavailablewhichmaynecessitatepayingforresidentialhomeswheretheelderlycanhaveround-the-clocknursingorattheveryleastprovidingmedicationfreeofchargetoallpeopleoveracertainagE.Thelivesofoldpeoplecouldbeimprovedifattemptsweremadetoaddresstheproblemofsocialisolation.Ifweorganisedtripsfortheelderlytocommunitycentresvisitsfromsocialworkerstheirproblemoflonelinesscanbereducedalotwhichmarksthelivesofsomanyoldpeoplelivingaloneandfarfromtheirfamilies.OnefinalsuggestionwhichwouldhelpenormouslyistochangetheattitudeofthecommunitytowardsitsoldermemberswhoarealltoooftenseenasaburdenonsocietyanddismissedashavinglittletodowithmodernlifE.WeneedtobetaughtfromanearlyagetorespecttheviewsofoldpeopleandappreciatetheirbroaderexperienceoflifE.Thiswouldhelpsocietyasawholeandencourageappreciationoftherolethatoldpeoplecanstillplaytoday.32.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?A.Alltheelderlycanenjoyfreemedication.B.Thenursescantakegoodcareoftheelderly.C.Theelderlyareinfaceofhealthproblems.D.ThehealthcareavailabletotheelderlyisgooD.33.TheunderlinedwordaddressinParagraph4probablymeans_________.A.findoutB.dealwithC.putdownD.pickup34.Whatfactorsaffectedtheoldpeople’slife?A.thestatepensionB.thebasicneedsC.theattitudeofthecommunityD.theexperienceoflifeE.socialisolationf.medicalcareA.abcdB.bcdeC.cdefD.acef35.Accordingtothelastsuggestiontheoldpeople_________.A.shouldberespectedbyallofusB.havetogathermorelifeexperienceC.mayberegardedasourheavyburdenD.mustchangetheirattitudetothecommunity
Whenaskedtopointoutoneortwothingsthataremostimportanttothemselvesmanyputfriendsaheadofhomesjobsclothesandcars.AtruefriendshipcarriesalonghistoryofexperiencethatdetermineswhoweareandkeepsusconnecteD.Itisatreasureweshouldprotect.Unfortunatelythebetterfriendsyouarethemoreprobablyyou'llhavedisagreements.Andtheresultcanbewhatyoudon'twant—anendtotherelationship.ThegoodnewsisthatmosttroubledfriendshipscanbemendeD.Firstdon'tletyourpridegetinyourway.Mostofuscanforgive原谅eachotherwhendifferencesarebroughtoutintheopen.Secondapologizewhenyou'rewrong—evenifyou'vebeenwrongeD.Overthecourseofafriendshipeventhebestpeoplemakemistakes.Sometimesitmaybebestifthewrongedpersontakestheleadandapologizes.Whenyouapologizegiveyourfriendachancetoadmitthathehasbeenwrong.Thirdseethingsfromyourfriend'spointofview.AndfinallyacceptthatfriendshipschangeasourneedsandlifestyleschangE.Makingfriendscansometimesseemeasy.Thehardpartiskeepingtheconnectionsstrongduringthenaturalupsanddownsthathaveaneffectonallrelationships.Mysuggestion:Considerfriendshipanhonorandagiftandworththeefforttotreasureandnurture培养.41.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EasyWaystoMakeFriendsB.UpsandDownsinFriendshipC.HowtoMendaTroubledFriendshipD.HowtoTaketheLeadinMakingFriends42.Thewrongedpersonunderlinedinthetextreferstoaperson_______.A.whohasbeenmistakenforanotherB.whohasbeenblamedunfairlyC.whohastreatedfriendsbadlyD.whohasadmittedhismistakes43.Accordingtothetextafriendshipcanlastlongonlyif_______.A.wehavemuchincommonB.weknowourfriends'mistakesC.wetreatourdisagreementswiselyD.wehaveknownoneanotherforlong44.Whatshouldwedoifwefollowtheauthor'ssecondsuggestion?A.Sticktoourownpointofview.B.Avoidmakingmistakes.C.Makeanapologyfirst.D.Changeourlifestyles.45.WhichisthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Evenwisepeoplearelikelytomakemistakes.B.Troubledfriendshipscanbemadeupinproperways.C.AllpeopletakefriendsastheirmostimportantthingintheirlifE.D.It’sagoodchanceforyourfriendtoshowhisbeingwrongwhenyouapologizE.
Areyouanoptimist?Doyoulookatyourglassandseeitashalffull?Doyoubelievethateverycloudhasasilverliningandthatthingsgenerallyturnoutforthebest?Doyoubelievethatifsomethingismeanttobeitwillbe?Ifyoureplyyestoallofthesequestionsthenyouareanoptimist.Youprobablyareenthusiasticcheerfulandoutgoing.YoumaybesuccessfulatworkandinlovE.Butyoumaybemisguidedbecausethingsdon’tturnoutforthebest.Youmaybelievethatwhenonedoorclosesanotheroneopensforexampleyoumayfailtoobtainanewjob;anotherchancewillcomearoundsoon.Wrong.WhenonedoorclosesanotherdoorslamsinyourfacE.That’sbitterreality.Nowabookhasbeenpublishedwhichconfirmswhatpessimistshavesuspectedallalong.It’scalledThePositivePowerofDefensivePessimism.Itsauthorarguesthatdefensivepessimismcanleadtopositiveresults.Defensivepessimismisastrategyusedtomanagefearanxietyandworry.Defensivepessimistsprepareforthethingsbysettinglowoutcomesforthemselves.Theycarefullyconsidereverythingthatmaygowrongandplanforwaystohandletheseproblems.Andthisgivesthemasenseofcontrol.LawrenceSannoapsychologyprofessorsaysWhat’sinterestingaboutdefensivepessimistsisthattheytendtobeverysuccessfulpeoplesotheirlowopinionofthesituation’soutcomesisnotrealistiC.Theyuseittomotivatethemselvestoperformbetter.SofarsogooD.Thisisnotrocketscience.DefensivepessimistspreparecarefullyandconsiderwhatmightgowrongwhetheratworkondateoreveninasportsgamE.Itmakessensetohaveanalternativeplan.TherearemanysayingsinEnglishurgingcautionlikeDon’tcountyourchickensuntiltheyhatch.Tohaveaconfidentandoptimisticapproachtolife’sproblemsisgooD.ButlistentowhatWoodyAlientheAmericancomediansaysConfidenceiswhatyouhavebeforeyouunderstandtheproblem.Thereareprosandconstobeinganoptimistandapessimist.Don’tfeelbadifyouseetheglasshalfempty.Youarearealist.Butlightenupandhookupwithsomeonewhoseesthesameglasshalffull.67.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofdefensivepessimism.B.A.bookthathasrecentlybeenpublisheD.C.ThedangersofbeingtoooptimistiC.D.HowtobecomesuccessfulinlifE.68.TheunderlinedsentenceThisisnotrocketscienceParA.4means__________.A.thereisnorealproofB.itisquitesimpletounderstandC.thecostisnotsohighD.it’snotadangerousthingtodo69.WhichofthefollowingEnglishexpressionswouldadefensivepessimistbelieve?A.WhateverwillbewillbE.B.Theglassishalffullnothalfempty.C.Don’tputallyoureggsinonebasket.D.Everycloudhasasilverlining.70.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewriterisprobably__________.A.arealistB.anoptimistC.anidealistD.aperfectionist
Thereisawideanddeepchoiceofacareer.Whetherhe’sahandinconstructionorsittingbehindthedeskworkingonacomputereveryonehassomeideasofwhatisanattractivecareer.Howevermakingacareerchoiceisnotsimplyamatteroffollowingadream;formostpeopleitmeansalotofresearchandsoulsearching.Choosingtherightcareerbecomesoneofthemostimportantdecisionsofanindividual’slifE.ItusedtobethatonefollowedinthefootstepsoftheirfatherorgrandfatherortookoverthefamilybusinesswhenitcametomakingacareerchoicE.Thesedaysacareerpathcanstartanywhereandthenveeroffintosomethingtotallydifferent.Careerchoicesmustberealisticandwellthoughtout.ItisnotuncommonforpersonstostartacareerpathandrealizetheyhavemadeaterriblemistakefeelingasifitmaybetoolatetoturnarounD.NotonlydoesacareerchoiceconcernyourstrongestskillsandinterestitisalsosomethingthatyouwillbedoingcontinuouslytobringinincomE.Thisiswhyacareerchoicecanbesuchapersonaldecision.Formerlyitusedtobeunusualforsomeonetochangeoccupationsorcareersmorethanonceortwiceinalifetime;itisnowevenmoreunusualtokeepthesamecareerduringsomeone’sworkinglifE.Thereareagreatmanymeasuresinhelpingonechoosetherightprofession.A.numberofwebsitesofferingtoolssuchascareertestsandinformationeducationalresourcesresumeservicesandthekindcanbefounD.Itisimportantforonetoresearchone’scareerinthischangingeconomysituationandchoosethebestfromseveralrelatedcareerchoices.51.Accordingtotheauthorchoosingtherightcareer.A.isnotdifficultatallB.needsalotofdreamsC.isaninterestingthingD.needsalotofthoughts52.Theunderlinedphraseveeroffinthesecondparagraphprobablymeans.A.setouttodothesamejobB.changetheformercourseC.comparetwodifferentthingsD.dreamofgettinganeasyjob53.Nowadaysitiscommonforoneto.A.changehisjoboftenB.dothesamejoballhislifeC.findafewgoodjobsatatimeD.livewithoutajobformanyyears54.AllofthefollowingarethetoolsonprofessionofferedbywebsitesEXCEPT.A.testsandinformationB.trainingcoursesC.employers’phonenumbersD.instructionsonresume
It’snosecretthatdoinggoodmakesothershappy–butdidyouknowitcanmakeyouhappyaswell?Accordingtoastudypeopleparticipatinginmeaningfulactivitieswerehappierandfeltthattheirliveshadmorepurposethanpeoplewhoonlyengagedinpleasure-seekingbehaviors.TrygivingthesefourthingstootherstostartyourjourneytoahappierandhealthierlifestylE.YourTimeWithabusylifeitcanbehardtofindanytimetogiveaway.Howevervolunteeringyourtimehasgreatbenefitsincludingmakingnewfriendsandconnectionslearningnewskillsandevenadvancingyourcareer.Accordingtoapaperaboutthelinkbetweenhealthandvolunteeringvolunteeringisconnectedwithlowerinstancesofdepressionandreducestheriskofdyingby22percent.YourAttentionMostofusthinkwe’regoodlistenersbutaccordingtopsychologistPaulDonoghuemostpeopleareawarethatothersdon’tlistenaswellastheycoulD.Inadditionthey’renotfullyawarethattheythemselvesaren’tlistening.Whenpracticingmindfulnessmeditation正念禅修youfocusonwhatyouexperienceinthemomentandletyourthoughtsandemotionspassthroughwithoutjudgment.Didyouknowthatgivingsomeoneyourundividedattentionhelpsyoualso?Whendonewellactivelisteningstrengthensyourfocus－whichisamajorpartofgoodmeditation.YourCompassionThepsychologicalmeaningofcompassionistheabilitytounderstandanotherperson’semotionalstatE.Compassiondiffersfromempathy移情inthatthosewhoexperiencecompassionnotonlyputthemselvesinanotherperson’sshoesbutalsowanttoreducethatperson’ssuffering.Abrain-imagingstudyshowedthatthebrain’spleasurecentersareequallyactivewhenwegivemoneytothepooraswhenwereceivemoneyourselves.YourMoneyAccordingtoanexperimentthosewhospendmoneyonotherpeoplearesignificantlyhappierthanthosewhospendthesamequantityofmoneyonthemselves.Whetherornotyoucanofferothergiftsdonatingmoneyhelpsmakerealchangehappen.Itrepresentstimespentcompassionandcarefulattentiontotheneedsofothers.39.WhoisthehappiestaccordingtothestudymentionedinParagraph2?A.BillwhoisofteninvitedtoplaygolfbyhiswealthyunclE.B.TomwhoisonthewaytobetherichestmanintheworlD.C.Mikewhoisnotwell-offbutoftendoeswhathecantothoseinneeD.D.Johnwhoisadisabledyoungmanbuthasmarriedaverybeautifulgirl.40.WhatdoestheunderlinedworddepressioninParagraph5mean?A.pleasureB.unhappinessC.connectionD.misunderstanding41.Whichofthefourgiftsmattersmostaccordingtotheauthor?A.TimE.B.Money.C.Attention.D.Compassion.42.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toencouragepeopletohelpothers.B.Togivethemeaningofhappiness.C.ToofferapracticalwayoflifE.D.Toshowhiskindness.
PrideandPrejudicefortheModernWomanLetusimaginehowPrideandPrejudiceJaneAusten'smostfamousworkmightbeupdated200yearson.Austen'spopularityisrootedinherintelligencE.Buttodayshewouldcertainlyhavehadaverydifferentlifeaswouldhercharacters.Here'smyownsuggestion...Itisatruthfinallyanduniversallyacknowledgedthatasinglewomanwithbrainsdeservestohaveequalopportunitiestomenhoweverdisadvantagedshemayfeelbysexism.Mydearhusbandsaidhishopefulwifeonedayhaveyouheardthatthelocalstorestandingemptyforsolongistakenoverbyabrightyoungbusinesswoman?Herdullandindifferent漠不关心的husbandrepliedthathehadnot.Butitisitissherepliedexcitedly.MrDull-Husbandmadenoreply.Don'tyouwanttoknowherplans?shecriedwithsomeimpatiencE.WellclearlyyouthinkitmatterstoyoursillylittleheaD...soI'dbetterlisten.Wellmydeartherumour传言isthatshehasalreadysetupastringofsuccessfulbusinessesinnorthernEnglandthoughhowawomancanknowanythingaboutthatisbeyondme.Shewillmoveinherselfnextmonth.Whatishername?Bingley.Isshemarriedorsingle?Whataquestion!Andnoneofyourbusiness.Buthercomingwillbeafinethingforourfiveboys.Howso?Howcanitpossiblyaffectthem?Mydearlove;thoselazyboysneedsomethingtowakethemup.Thereareboundtobejobsgoing.Isthatherpointinsettlinghere?SurelyasawomanshehassimplytakenafancytotheplacE.Nonsensemylovehowlittleyou'venoticedtheworldhaschangeD.She'sgotafirst-ratedegreeandsomesortofbusinessqualificationI'mtolD.Shesurelyneedsoneofourboys!Perhapsyoumightgiveheracall.Me?No.Perhapsyoucantakeaninterest.Youstillhaveyourlooksafterall.ShemayevenofferyouajoB.Ohthat'snotlikely.Thesenewchancesbelongtotheyoungergeneration.ButnowyoumentionitIthinkI'llgoalongallthesamE.AndMrsBennetwentalong.Thatwas10yearsago.SheisnowmanagingdirectorofaFTSE-listedcompany....ItwouldremainthecaseofcoursethatMrsBennetwouldbeoneofveryfewwomenonthecompanyboardthathersalarywouldbelowerthanhermalecolleaguesherbonusofamorefemaledimensionandherlifespan年限amongthecity'sbusinessleadersshorterthantheirs.Stillshe'dnodoubthaveenjoyedDavos达沃斯经济论坛—andmightevenhavehobnobbed攀谈withinfluentialfigures.67.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Austenwasborn200yearsago.B.AustenrewrotePrideandPrejudicE.C.Austen'ssuccessliesinherwisdom.D.Austen'supdatedworkgainspopularity.68.TheunderlinedpartinthepassagesuggeststhatMrsBennet____.A.hadmixedfeelingsofadmirationandsurpriseaboutBingleyB.feltkindofworriedanddoubtfulaboutBingleyC.wasextremelyanxioustomeetBingleyD.hadagreatcuriosityaboutBingley69.IntheeyesofMrsBennetBingleysurelyneededoneoftheirboysto____.A.getmarriedtoB.workforherC.helphermoveinD.takeoverherstore70.20.Whatdoesthewriterintendtotellus?A.Womenwithbrainscanalsobeassuccessfulasmen.B.Womenhavetopayahighpriceforsuccess.C.A.judgmentmustbemadefreefromprejudicE.D.Sexdiscriminationstillexistsnowadays.
WorkisaveryimportantpartoflifeintheUnitedStates.WhentheearlyProtestantimmigrantscametothiscountrytheybroughttheideathatworkwasthewaytoGodandheaven.ThisattitudetheProtestantWorkEthic道德规范stillinfluencesAmericatoday.Workisnotonlyimportantforeconomicbenefitsthesalarybutalsoforsocialandpsychologicalneedsthefeelingofdoingsomethingforthegoodofthesociety.AmericansspendmostoftheirlivesworkingbeingproductivE.FormostAmericanstheirworkdefinesthem:theyarewhattheydo.Whathappensthenwhenapersoncannolongerwork?AlmostallAmericansstopworkingatagesixty-fiveorseventyandretirE.Becauseworkissuchanimportantpartoflifeinthiscultureretirementcanbeverydifficult.RetireesoftenfeelthattheyareuselessandunproductivE.Ofcoursesomepeoplearehappytoretire;butleavingone’sjobwhateveritisisadifficultchangeevenforthosewholookforwardtoretiring.Manyretireesdonotknowhowtousetheirtimeortheyfeellostwithouttheirjobs.Retirementscanalsobringfinancialproblems.ManypeoplerelyonSocialSecuritycheckseverymonth.Duringtheirworkingyearsemployeescontributeacertainpercentageoftheirsalariestothegovernment.Eachemployeralsogivesacertainpercentagetothegovernment.WhenpeopleretiretheyreceivethismoneyasincomE.Thesechecksdonotprovideenoughmoneytoliveonhoweverbecausepricesareincreasingveryrapidly.Seniorcitizensthoseoversixty-fivehavetohavesavingsinthebankorotherretirementplanstomakeendsmeet.Therateofinflationisforcingpriceshighereachyear;SocialSecuritychecksalonecannotcoverthesegrowingexpenses.Thegovernmentofferssomeassistance补助Medicarehealthcareandwelfaregeneralassistancebutmanyseniorcitizenshavetochangetheirlifestylesafterretirement.Theyhavetospendcarefullytobesurethattheycanaffordtobuyfoodfuelandothernecessities.Ofcoursemanyseniorcitizensarehappywithretirement.Theyhavetimetospendwiththeirfamiliesorenjoytheirhobbies.Somecontinuetoworkparttimeothersdovolunteerwork.SomelikethoseintheRetiredBusinessExecutivesAssociationevenhelpyoungpeopletogetstartedinnewbusiness.ManyretiredcitizensalsobelongtoGoldenAgegroups.Theseorganizationsplantripsandsocialevents.Therearemanychancesforretirees.Americansocietyisonlybeginningtobeconcernedaboutthespecialphysicalandemotionalneedsofitsseniorcitizens.ThegovernmentistakingstepstoeasetheproblemoflimitedincomE.Theyarebuildingnewhousingofferingdiscountsinstoresandmuseumsandonbusesandprovidingotherservicessuchasfreecoursesfoodserviceandhelpwithhousework.Retiredcitizensarearapidlygrowingpercentageofthepopulation.Thispartofthepopulationisveryimportantandwemustmeettheirneeds.Afteralleverycitizenwillbeaseniorcitizensomeday.60.TheauthorbelievesthatworkfirstbecameimportanttoAmericansbecauseof_______.A.religionB.economyC.psychologyD.family61.Thepassageismainlyabout_______.A.moneyandcheckB.seniorandjuniorC.workandretirementD.ProtestantsandAmericans62.WhenAmericansstopworkit’sdifficultforthemto_______.A.getSocialSecuritychecksB.feelproductiveC.enjoythemselvesD.bereligious
Itisacommonbeliefthatofallthewonderfulgiftsthatwe’vebeengivenoneofthegreatestisfreedom.Thatiswhysomanyofustrytogainfreedomatanycost.Butareallkindsoffreedomworthseeking?OnewindyspringdayIobservedyoungpeoplehavingfunusingthewindtoflytheirkites.Multicoloredcreationsofvaryingshapesandsizesfilledtheskieslikebeautifulbirdsmovinganddancing.Asthestrongwindsblewagainstthekitesastringkeptthemincheck.Insteadofblowingawaywiththewindtheyaroseagainstittoachievegreatheights.Theyshookandpulledbuttherestraining约束stringandthetailkeptthembeingpulledalongfacingupwardandagainstthewinD.AsthekitesstruggledandtrembledagainstthestringtheyseemedtosayLetmego!Letmego!Iwanttobefree!Theyflewbeautifullyevenastheyfoughttherestrictionofthestring.FinallyoneofthekitessucceededinbreakingloosE.Freeatlastitseemedtosay.FreetoflywiththewinD.YetfreedomfromrestraintsimplyputisatthemercyofanunsympatheticsoftwinD.Itsoonfelltothegroundandlandedinamassofweedsandstringagainstadeadbush.Freeatlastfreetoliepowerlessinthedirttobeblownhelplesslyalongthegroundandtogetstucklifelessagainstthefirstobstruction障碍物.HowmuchlikekiteswesometimesarE.TheHeavengivesusmisfortunesandrestrictionsrulestofollowfromwhichwecangrowandgainstrength.Restraintisanecessarymatchforthewindsofopposition.SomeofusfoughtattherulessohardthatweneverflytoreachtheheightswemighthaveobtaineD.WekeeppartoftherulesorlawsandneverrisehighenoughtogetourtailsoffthegrounD.LetuseachrisetothegreatheightsrecognizingthatsomeoftherestraintsthatwemayfeelannoyedaboutareactuallythesteadyforcethathelpsusgoupandachievE.68.Thekitesstruggledandtrembledagainstthestringbecausethey________.A.wasrestrainedbythewindB.triedtogainabsolutefreedomC.wantedtodancelikebirdsD.wereatthemercyofthewind69.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresultofthekitethatbrokeloose?A.Freedompreventsusfromflying.B.Itisrestraintsthatstopusrising.C.Withoutrestraintwithoutfreedom.D.Thereisnojusticewithoutfreedom.70.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefifthparagraphmean?A.Ifwewanttoflyhigherweshouldfighthardatrules.B.Peopleshouldn’tobeyrulesbecauseit’shardtofollow.C.Rulesarenecessaryforustoreachahigherlevel.D.Somerulesaretoostrictforpeopletoobey.71.Intheauthor’sopinionsomeoftherestraints________.A.arewonderfulgiftsgivenbytheGodB.shouldbeendedrightawayC.aresomethingthatweareupsetaboutD.cangiveuspowertoflyhigher
Inthisarticleyouwilldiscoverseveraltechniquesyoucanusetoimproveyourinterpersonalrelationswithfriendsfamilycoworkersandemployees.Infactyoucanusethesetechniquestoinfluenceotherstohaveapositiveattitudetowardyouinjustaboutanytypeofrelationship.1.Don’tcriticizeorcomplainaboutpeoplE.There’snofasterwaytocreateresentmenttowardyouthantocriticizeorcomplainaboutaperson.Insteadoftellingpeoplethey’redoingsomethingwrongconsideraskingthemquestionstotrytofindoutwhytheydowhattheydo.Offerthemanalternativeinawaythatcomesacrossas给人以的印象tryingtohelp.ShowthemhowdoingthingsthewayyouwouldlikethemdonecanbenefitthemorleadtorewarD.2.AppreciatepeoplE.I’llletyouknowasecretthatvastlyimproveyourinterpersonalrelationsveryquickly:wheneveryouseesomeoneimaginethemwearingaflashingsignontheirchestthatsaysAPPRECIATEMEPLEASE!Thengivethemwhattheywant.3.Begenuinelyinterestedinothers.You’llmakealotoffriendsbybeinginterestedinothers.Noteveryonewilladmititbutthetruthismostpeople’sfavoritesubjectisthemselves.UsethistoyouradvantagE.BecomegenuinelyinterestedinotherpeoplE.Askthemquestions.Talktothemaboutthingsthey’reinterestedin.Putthefocusonthem.You’llquicklygaintheirfriendship.4.Beagoodlistener.Thisgoesbacktotheprincipleoffocusingontheotherperson.Listenmorethanyouspeakandencourageotherstotalkaboutthemselvesandyou’llquicklydevelopgoodinterpersonalrelationswiththem.5.Makeothersfeelimportant.Ifsomeoneisimportanttoyouinanywaytellthemso!Thisgoesforanytypeofinterpersonalrelationship!Peopleliketofeelimportant.Givethemwhattheywantandtheywillloveyouforit.41.Theunderlinedwordresentmentinparagraph2canbereplacedby________.A.sadnessB.angerC.pleasureD.exhaustion42.Whenyourfriendsdosomethingwrongyouareadvisedto________.A.pointouttheirmistakesB.correcttheirmistakesC.putforwardanewplanD.solvetheproblemforthem43.What’sthepurposeofanimaginedflashingsignonpeople’schest?A.Toattractothers’attention.B.Toremindpeopletotalktothem.C.Toremindpeopletopraisethem.D.Tohelppeopletorememberthem.44.Whatshouldwedoifwewanttoimproveinterpersonalrelationsaccordingtothepassage?A.Listenmorethanwespeak.B.Trytoarguewhenweareright.C.Getpeopletobeinterestedinus.D.Talkmoreaboutthingswe’reinterestedin.45.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Howtomakeothersfeelimportant.B.Howtolistentoothers.C.Howtoimproveinterpersonalrelationswithothers.D.It’sbadtocriticizeorcomplainothers.
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