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[A] International students have the same needs as local students and should be accorded equivalen...
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Thenumberofinternationalstudentsatcollegesandun
Home Countries of International Students in the US
Study Areas of International Students in the US
New Trends of International Students in the US
Backgrounds of International Students in the US
A.Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocalstud
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
Thenumberofinternationalstudentsatcollegesandun
China, Vietnam, India, etc.
Iran, China, Saudi, Arabia, etc.
South Korea, China, Vietnam, etc.
South Korea, Vietnam, Venezuela, etc.
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
Internationalstudentsareallowedtoworkfortheunivers
Acollegeoruniversity’sinternationalstudentofficeis
college
colleges
student
students
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
[A]Internationalstudentshavethesameneedsaslocal
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Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 18
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 4
每个嗜血杆菌只能吸收10个分子的转化DNA现有一供体染色体被打断成200个分子的转化DNA试问在嗜血杆菌群体中对某一特定基因来说预期出现转化子的最高频率是多少
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Oneofthemostimportantsocialdevelopmentsthathelpedtomakepossibleashiftinthinkingaboutther01eofpubliceducationwastheeffectofthebabyboomofthe1950sand1960sontheschools.Inthe1920sbutespeciallyintheDepressionconditionsofthe1930stheUnitedStatesexperiencedadecliningbirthrate—everythousandwomenagedfifteentoforty-fourgavebirthtoabout118livechildrenin192089.2in193075.8in1936and80in1940.WiththegrowingprosperitybroughtonbytheSecondWorldWarandtheeconomicboomthatfollowedityoungpeoplemarriedandestablishedhouseholdsearlierandbegantoraiselargerfamiliesthanhadtheirpredecessorsduringtheDepression.Birthratesroseto102perthousandin1946106.2in1950and118in1955.Althougheconomicswasprobablythemostimportantdeterminantitisnottheonlyexplanationforthebabyboom.Theincreasedvalueplacedontheideaofthefamilyalsohelpstoexplainthisriseinbirthrates. Thebabyboomersbeganstreamingintothefirstgradebythemid-1940sandbecameafloodby1950.Thepublicschoolsystemsuddenlyfounditselfovertaxed.Whilethenumberofschoolchildrenrosebecauseofwartimeandpostwarconditionsthesesameconditionsmadetheschoolsevenlesspreparedtocopewiththeflood.Thewartimeeconomymeantthatfewnewschoolswerebuiltbetween1940and1945.Moreoverduringthewarandintheboomtimesthatfollowedlargenumbersofteacherslefttheirprofessionforbetter-payingjobselsewhereintheeconomy. Thereforeinthe1950sand1960sthebabyboomhitanantiquatedandinadequateschoolsystem.Consequentlythe"custodialrhetoric"ofthe1930sandearly1940snolongermadesense;thatiskeepingyouthsagedsixteenandolderoutofthelabormarketbykeepingtheminschoolcouldnolongerbeahighpriorityforaninstitutionunabletofindspaceandstafftoteachyoungerchildrenagedfivetosixteen. Withthebabyboomthefocusofeducatorsandoflaymeninterestedineducationinevitablyturnedtowardthelowergradesandbacktobasicacademicskillsanddiscipline.Thesystemnolongerhadmuchinterestinofferingnontraditionalnewandextraservicestoolderyouth. ThecustodialrhetoricmentionedinParagraph3refersto
GeorgeWilliamsoneofScottsdale’slastremainingcowboyshasbeenraisinghorsesandcattleonhis120acresfor20years.Thecattlegototheslaughterhousethehorsestorodeos.ButMr.Williamsisstompingmad.Hisproblemsbeganlastyearwhendishonestneighboursstartedtostealhiscattle.Thenotherneighboursmostofthemnewcomerstookoffenceathishorsesroamingontheirproperties. SuchgrumblesarecommoninArizona.ThemostrecentDepartmentofAgriculturecensusshowsthat1213ofArizona’s8507farmscloseddownbetween1997and2002.Manycattlemenaremovingouttoremoterpartsofthestate. DocLaneisanexecutiveattheArizonaCattlemen’sAssociationatradegroup.HesaysArizona’slargerranchownersaremakingdecentprofitsfromselling.Itisthesmallerplayerswhoarethevictimsofrisinglandvalueshighermortgagesandstiffercitycouncilrules.Whathappensalltoooftenisthatpeoplemoveinnexttoafarmbecausetheythinkthelandpretty.Butsoontheystartcomplainingtothecouncil.InMr.Williams’scaseitwasthehorsesthatannoyedthem.Othernewcomersdon’tlikethenoisethepesticidesandthesmellofmanure. Localsworryaboutthepreciousdwindlingcowboyculture.Arizona’stourismboardsliketopromoteasteadyinterestinallthingsaboutcowboyandwestern.LastyearmoreBritishandGermantouristscamethanusualandmanyofthemwerelookingpreciselyforthat.Arizona’sDudeRanchAssociationfillsits$350-a-nightluxuryranchesmostoftheyear;roughlyathirdoftheguestsareEuropean. Manyoftheranchersthemselvesseeallthistourismasacheekyattempttocommercialisearealandvanishingculture.InPrescottestateagentspromote"AmericanRanch-style"homeswithpostersofhorseriders.OntheothersideofthestreetisWhiskeyRowafamousstripofhistoriccowboybars.ButinMatt’sSaloononSaturdaynightrealcattlemencouldnotbefound. FarmfolklikeMr.KnoxandMr.Williamsareweighinguptheiroptions.Manywillmigratetoremoterplaceswherelandischeaperandnotcrowdedwithcitypeople.Youngeronestakeonside-jobsascontractorsandarecattle-handspart-time.Oldercowboysaren’tsurewhattodo. TherecouldbenorealcattlemeninMatt’sSaloononSaturdaynightbecause
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GeorgeWilliamsoneofScottsdale’slastremainingcowboyshasbeenraisinghorsesandcattleonhis120acresfor20years.Thecattlegototheslaughterhousethehorsestorodeos.ButMr.Williamsisstompingmad.Hisproblemsbeganlastyearwhendishonestneighboursstartedtostealhiscattle.Thenotherneighboursmostofthemnewcomerstookoffenceathishorsesroamingontheirproperties. SuchgrumblesarecommoninArizona.ThemostrecentDepartmentofAgriculturecensusshowsthat1213ofArizona’s8507farmscloseddownbetween1997and2002.Manycattlemenaremovingouttoremoterpartsofthestate. DocLaneisanexecutiveattheArizonaCattlemen’sAssociationatradegroup.HesaysArizona’slargerranchownersaremakingdecentprofitsfromselling.Itisthesmallerplayerswhoarethevictimsofrisinglandvalueshighermortgagesandstiffercitycouncilrules.Whathappensalltoooftenisthatpeoplemoveinnexttoafarmbecausetheythinkthelandpretty.Butsoontheystartcomplainingtothecouncil.InMr.Williams’scaseitwasthehorsesthatannoyedthem.Othernewcomersdon’tlikethenoisethepesticidesandthesmellofmanure. Localsworryaboutthepreciousdwindlingcowboyculture.Arizona’stourismboardsliketopromoteasteadyinterestinallthingsaboutcowboyandwestern.LastyearmoreBritishandGermantouristscamethanusualandmanyofthemwerelookingpreciselyforthat.Arizona’sDudeRanchAssociationfillsits$350-a-nightluxuryranchesmostoftheyear;roughlyathirdoftheguestsareEuropean. Manyoftheranchersthemselvesseeallthistourismasacheekyattempttocommercialisearealandvanishingculture.InPrescottestateagentspromote"AmericanRanch-style"homeswithpostersofhorseriders.OntheothersideofthestreetisWhiskeyRowafamousstripofhistoriccowboybars.ButinMatt’sSaloononSaturdaynightrealcattlemencouldnotbefound. FarmfolklikeMr.KnoxandMr.Williamsareweighinguptheiroptions.Manywillmigratetoremoterplaceswherelandischeaperandnotcrowdedwithcitypeople.Youngeronestakeonside-jobsascontractorsandarecattle-handspart-time.Oldercowboysaren’tsurewhattodo. ThewordgrumbleLine1Paragraph2mostprobablymeans
InFebruaryof1997DollythefirstsuccessfulmammalianclonewasborninEdinburghScotland.WiththeextensivenewscoverageofthismomentouseventthestudyofgeneticengineeringandrecombinantDNAwasthrownintothepublicspotlight.41__________Muchofthisunfoundedfearisbaseduponmemoriesofpoorlyresearchedsciencefictionnovelsfearoftheunknownandagrowingmistrustofscience.42__________Forexampleitwillbepossibleforcowstobegeneticallyengineeredtoproducepharmaceuticalsintheirmilk.Thismeansthatvaccinationshotsandpillswouldbecomeobsolete.Babiescouldbebroughtupimmunetodiseasesbysimplybeingfedthismilk.ImaginetheimpactonthequalityoflifeforpeoplewholiveinthirdworldcountrieslikeSomalia.Wholecountriescouldbemadehealthyandimmunetodisease.43__________Ricedoesnotprovideallofthenutrientsthatthebodyneedsandinthesecountriesotherfoodisveryscarce.Ifriceorbreadanothermajorstaplearegeneticallyengineeredtocontainadditionalnecessaryvitaminsandmineralsthenwecouldgoalongwaytowardswipingoutmalnutritionallovertheworld.44__________Organtransplantsandcosmeticprocedureslikesiliconebreastimplantsthatmaycausediseasewouldsoonceasetoexist.Insteadofusingmaterialsforeigntothebodyforsuchproceduresdoctorswillbeabletomanufacturebonefatconnectivetissueorcartilagethatmatchthepatient’stissuesexactlythusensuringthattheneededtissuewillbefreeofrejectionbytheirimmunesystem.Victimsofterribleaccidentsthatdeformthefaceandbodywouldbeabletohavetheirfeaturesrepairedwithnewsafertechnology.45__________Throughouttimepeoplehavealwaysbeenafraidofnewtechnologyandthepoweritmightpossess.Whenthecarwasfirstinventedsomecontemporaryscientistswereconvincedthatthehumanbodycouldnotsurviveatspeedsashighastwentymilesperhour.Atonetimebirthcontrolpillsinvitrofertilizationandhearttransplantswerecriticizedonthesamegrounds.Geneticengineeringisanextremelynewaspectofourtechnologicalresearchandshouldatallcostsbeallowedtodevelopfurther.Theimmensepossiblebenefitsfromgeneticengineeringareendlessandshouldnotbeoverlooked.Geneticengineeringthenisatoolthathumanscanusetocuremanyoftheirproblems.[A]Eventhoughtherisksaregreatthebeneficialpossibilitiesareendless.Geneticengineeringshouldbeallowedtoprogressbecauseofthepotentialbenefitsforthehumanspeciesoutweightheconsequences.[B]Scientistsareonlybeginningtoexplorethedangersandbenefitsofgeneticengineering.YetinsteadofseeingtheimmensepotentialbenefitsmuchoftheAmericanpublicisautomaticallyrejectingthisfieldofresearch.[C]Geneticengineeringalsohasthepowertocureinfertilitywhichapainfulrealitythatmanycouplesthroughouttheworldface.[D]Evenwithallthesemiraculousbenefitsmanypeoplethroughouttheworldfeelthattheissueofgeneticengineeringisabsolutelypreposterousandextremelyunethical.Suchopinionsareunderstandableconsideringthatthemajorityofpeoplearealwaysgoingtobeafraidoftheunknown.[E]Malnutritionacommonprobleminmanythirdworldcountrieswhereimpoverishedpeoplesrelyonasinglecropsuchasriceforthemainstapleoftheirdietcouldalsopossiblybecuredwithgeneticengineering.[F]Butperhapstheareathatstandstobenefitthemostfromgeneticengineeringismedicine.[G]Geneticengineeringislikeperformingheartsurgerywithashovel.ScientistsdonotyetunderstandlivingsystemscompletelyenoughtoperformDNAsurgerywithoutcreatingmutationswhichcouldbeharmfultotheenvironmentandourhealth.
InFebruaryof1997DollythefirstsuccessfulmammalianclonewasborninEdinburghScotland.WiththeextensivenewscoverageofthismomentouseventthestudyofgeneticengineeringandrecombinantDNAwasthrownintothepublicspotlight.41__________Muchofthisunfoundedfearisbaseduponmemoriesofpoorlyresearchedsciencefictionnovelsfearoftheunknownandagrowingmistrustofscience.42__________Forexampleitwillbepossibleforcowstobegeneticallyengineeredtoproducepharmaceuticalsintheirmilk.Thismeansthatvaccinationshotsandpillswouldbecomeobsolete.Babiescouldbebroughtupimmunetodiseasesbysimplybeingfedthismilk.ImaginetheimpactonthequalityoflifeforpeoplewholiveinthirdworldcountrieslikeSomalia.Wholecountriescouldbemadehealthyandimmunetodisease.43__________Ricedoesnotprovideallofthenutrientsthatthebodyneedsandinthesecountriesotherfoodisveryscarce.Ifriceorbreadanothermajorstaplearegeneticallyengineeredtocontainadditionalnecessaryvitaminsandmineralsthenwecouldgoalongwaytowardswipingoutmalnutritionallovertheworld.44__________Organtransplantsandcosmeticprocedureslikesiliconebreastimplantsthatmaycausediseasewouldsoonceasetoexist.Insteadofusingmaterialsforeigntothebodyforsuchproceduresdoctorswillbeabletomanufacturebonefatconnectivetissueorcartilagethatmatchthepatient’stissuesexactlythusensuringthattheneededtissuewillbefreeofrejectionbytheirimmunesystem.Victimsofterribleaccidentsthatdeformthefaceandbodywouldbeabletohavetheirfeaturesrepairedwithnewsafertechnology.45__________Throughouttimepeoplehavealwaysbeenafraidofnewtechnologyandthepoweritmightpossess.Whenthecarwasfirstinventedsomecontemporaryscientistswereconvincedthatthehumanbodycouldnotsurviveatspeedsashighastwentymilesperhour.Atonetimebirthcontrolpillsinvitrofertilizationandhearttransplantswerecriticizedonthesamegrounds.Geneticengineeringisanextremelynewaspectofourtechnologicalresearchandshouldatallcostsbeallowedtodevelopfurther.Theimmensepossiblebenefitsfromgeneticengineeringareendlessandshouldnotbeoverlooked.Geneticengineeringthenisatoolthathumanscanusetocuremanyoftheirproblems.[A]Eventhoughtherisksaregreatthebeneficialpossibilitiesareendless.Geneticengineeringshouldbeallowedtoprogressbecauseofthepotentialbenefitsforthehumanspeciesoutweightheconsequences.[B]Scientistsareonlybeginningtoexplorethedangersandbenefitsofgeneticengineering.YetinsteadofseeingtheimmensepotentialbenefitsmuchoftheAmericanpublicisautomaticallyrejectingthisfieldofresearch.[C]Geneticengineeringalsohasthepowertocureinfertilitywhichapainfulrealitythatmanycouplesthroughouttheworldface.[D]Evenwithallthesemiraculousbenefitsmanypeoplethroughouttheworldfeelthattheissueofgeneticengineeringisabsolutelypreposterousandextremelyunethical.Suchopinionsareunderstandableconsideringthatthemajorityofpeoplearealwaysgoingtobeafraidoftheunknown.[E]Malnutritionacommonprobleminmanythirdworldcountrieswhereimpoverishedpeoplesrelyonasinglecropsuchasriceforthemainstapleoftheirdietcouldalsopossiblybecuredwithgeneticengineering.[F]Butperhapstheareathatstandstobenefitthemostfromgeneticengineeringismedicine.[G]Geneticengineeringislikeperformingheartsurgerywithashovel.ScientistsdonotyetunderstandlivingsystemscompletelyenoughtoperformDNAsurgerywithoutcreatingmutationswhichcouldbeharmfultotheenvironmentandourhealth.
利用中断杂交技术检查了5个Hfr菌株转移顺序如下转移顺序Hfr菌株123451QYROQ2SGSPW3RFQRX4POWSY5OPXQG6FRYWF问1这些Hfr菌株的原始菌株的基因顺序如何2为了得到一个最高比例的Hfr重组子在接合后应该在受体中选择哪个供体标记基因问这些基因间的图距是多少顺序如何
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 2
AstudyreleasedalittleoveraweekagowhichfoundthateldestchildrenenduponaveragewithslightlyhigherIQ’sthanyoungersiblingswasareminderthatthefightforself-definitionstartsmuchearlierthanfreshmanyear.Familieswhatevertherelativeintelligenceoftheirmembersoftentreatthefirstbornasifheorshewerethemostacademicandtheyoungersiblingsfillinotherniches:thewildonetheflirt. Theseimposedcaricaturesincombinationwiththeotherlabelsthataccumulatefromthesandboxthroughadolescencecanseemovertimelikeamiserableentourageofidentitiesthatcanbesilencedonlywithhoursoftherapy.Butthere’sanotherwaytoseethesealternateidentities:aschallengesthatcansharpenpsychologicalskills.InacountrywherereinventionisconsideredabirthrightmanypeopleseemtotreatoldidentitiesthewayHoudinitreatedpadlockedboxes:somethingtowrigglefreefrombeforebeingdraggeddown.Andpsychologicalresearchsuggeststhatthisabilitycanbeasignofmentalresilienceoftakingcontrolofyourownstoryratherthanbeingtrappedbyit. Thelate-nightbullsessionsincollegeoratbackyardbarbecuesareatsomelevellikeout-of-bodyexperiencesallowingare-coloringofpastexperiencetoconnectwithnewacquaintances.Amoreobviousoutlettoexpandidentity—andonethat’savailabletothosewhohavenotorcannotescapethefamilyandcommunitywherethey’reknownandlabeled—istheInternet.Admittedlyalotoftherole-playingontheInternetcanhaveadeviantquality.Butresearchershavefoundthatmanypeoplewhoplaylife-simulationgamesforexamplesetupthekindoffamiliestheywouldliketohavehadevenscriptalternateversionsoftheirownroleinthefamilyorinapeergroup. DecadesagothepsychologistErikEricksonconceivedofmiddleageasastageoflifedefinedbyatensionbetweenstagnationandgenerativity-ahealthysenseofguidingandnourishingthenextgenerationofhelpingthecommunity.InaseriesofstudiestheNorthwesternpsychologistDanP.McAdamshasfoundthatadultsintheir40sand50swhoselivesshowthisgenerousquality—whooftenvolunteerwhohaveasenseofaccomplishment—tellverysimilarstoriesabouthowtheycametobewhotheyare.WhethertheygrewupinruralpovertyorwithviewsofCentralParktheytoldtheirlifestoriesasseriesofredemptivelessons.Whentheyfailedagradetheyfoundawonderfultutorandlatermadethehonorroll;whenfiredFromagoodjobtheywereforcedtostarttheirownbusiness. Thissimilarityinnarrativeconstructionsmostlikelyreflectssomeagencyawillfulreshapingandre-imaginingofthepastthatinformsthepresent.Thesearepeoplewhowhetherpeggedasnerdsorrebelsorploddershavetakencontrolofthestoriesthatformtheiridentities. Inconversationpeopleareoftenwillingtohandoutthumbnaildescriptionsofthemselves:"I’mkindofahermit."Oratalkerapracticaljokerastriverasnobamorningperson.Buttheyaremorelikelytowincewhensomeoneelsedescribesthemsoauthoritatively. Maybethat’sbecausetheyhavecometoofarshakenoffenougholdlabelsalready.Likeescapeartistswithalifetime’sexperienceslippingthroughchainstheydon’twantorneedanyadditionalwork.Becausewhilemostpeoplecanleavetheirfamilynichesschoolyardnicknamesandhighschoolreputationsbehindtheydon’teverentirelyforgetthem. Wecanlearnfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 8
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 20
Oneofthemostimportantsocialdevelopmentsthathelpedtomakepossibleashiftinthinkingaboutther01eofpubliceducationwastheeffectofthebabyboomofthe1950sand1960sontheschools.Inthe1920sbutespeciallyintheDepressionconditionsofthe1930stheUnitedStatesexperiencedadecliningbirthrate—everythousandwomenagedfifteentoforty-fourgavebirthtoabout118livechildrenin192089.2in193075.8in1936and80in1940.WiththegrowingprosperitybroughtonbytheSecondWorldWarandtheeconomicboomthatfollowedityoungpeoplemarriedandestablishedhouseholdsearlierandbegantoraiselargerfamiliesthanhadtheirpredecessorsduringtheDepression.Birthratesroseto102perthousandin1946106.2in1950and118in1955.Althougheconomicswasprobablythemostimportantdeterminantitisnottheonlyexplanationforthebabyboom.Theincreasedvalueplacedontheideaofthefamilyalsohelpstoexplainthisriseinbirthrates. Thebabyboomersbeganstreamingintothefirstgradebythemid-1940sandbecameafloodby1950.Thepublicschoolsystemsuddenlyfounditselfovertaxed.Whilethenumberofschoolchildrenrosebecauseofwartimeandpostwarconditionsthesesameconditionsmadetheschoolsevenlesspreparedtocopewiththeflood.Thewartimeeconomymeantthatfewnewschoolswerebuiltbetween1940and1945.Moreoverduringthewarandintheboomtimesthatfollowedlargenumbersofteacherslefttheirprofessionforbetter-payingjobselsewhereintheeconomy. Thereforeinthe1950sand1960sthebabyboomhitanantiquatedandinadequateschoolsystem.Consequentlythe"custodialrhetoric"ofthe1930sandearly1940snolongermadesense;thatiskeepingyouthsagedsixteenandolderoutofthelabormarketbykeepingtheminschoolcouldnolongerbeahighpriorityforaninstitutionunabletofindspaceandstafftoteachyoungerchildrenagedfivetosixteen. Withthebabyboomthefocusofeducatorsandoflaymeninterestedineducationinevitablyturnedtowardthelowergradesandbacktobasicacademicskillsanddiscipline.Thesystemnolongerhadmuchinterestinofferingnontraditionalnewandextraservicestoolderyouth. Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 12
在对噬菌体进行两点测验时噬菌体杂交后所测定的重组频率如下杂交组合重组频率ab+×a+b3.0%bc+×b+c2.0%ac+×a+c1.5%问1abc三个突变在连锁群上次序如何为什么它们之间的距离不是累加的2假定三因子杂交a+bc+×ab+c你预期哪两种类型的重组子频率最低3计算从b所假定的三因子杂交中出现的各种重组类型的频率
AstudyreleasedalittleoveraweekagowhichfoundthateldestchildrenenduponaveragewithslightlyhigherIQ’sthanyoungersiblingswasareminderthatthefightforself-definitionstartsmuchearlierthanfreshmanyear.Familieswhatevertherelativeintelligenceoftheirmembersoftentreatthefirstbornasifheorshewerethemostacademicandtheyoungersiblingsfillinotherniches:thewildonetheflirt. Theseimposedcaricaturesincombinationwiththeotherlabelsthataccumulatefromthesandboxthroughadolescencecanseemovertimelikeamiserableentourageofidentitiesthatcanbesilencedonlywithhoursoftherapy.Butthere’sanotherwaytoseethesealternateidentities:aschallengesthatcansharpenpsychologicalskills.InacountrywherereinventionisconsideredabirthrightmanypeopleseemtotreatoldidentitiesthewayHoudinitreatedpadlockedboxes:somethingtowrigglefreefrombeforebeingdraggeddown.Andpsychologicalresearchsuggeststhatthisabilitycanbeasignofmentalresilienceoftakingcontrolofyourownstoryratherthanbeingtrappedbyit. Thelate-nightbullsessionsincollegeoratbackyardbarbecuesareatsomelevellikeout-of-bodyexperiencesallowingare-coloringofpastexperiencetoconnectwithnewacquaintances.Amoreobviousoutlettoexpandidentity—andonethat’savailabletothosewhohavenotorcannotescapethefamilyandcommunitywherethey’reknownandlabeled—istheInternet.Admittedlyalotoftherole-playingontheInternetcanhaveadeviantquality.Butresearchershavefoundthatmanypeoplewhoplaylife-simulationgamesforexamplesetupthekindoffamiliestheywouldliketohavehadevenscriptalternateversionsoftheirownroleinthefamilyorinapeergroup. DecadesagothepsychologistErikEricksonconceivedofmiddleageasastageoflifedefinedbyatensionbetweenstagnationandgenerativity-ahealthysenseofguidingandnourishingthenextgenerationofhelpingthecommunity.InaseriesofstudiestheNorthwesternpsychologistDanP.McAdamshasfoundthatadultsintheir40sand50swhoselivesshowthisgenerousquality—whooftenvolunteerwhohaveasenseofaccomplishment—tellverysimilarstoriesabouthowtheycametobewhotheyare.WhethertheygrewupinruralpovertyorwithviewsofCentralParktheytoldtheirlifestoriesasseriesofredemptivelessons.Whentheyfailedagradetheyfoundawonderfultutorandlatermadethehonorroll;whenfiredFromagoodjobtheywereforcedtostarttheirownbusiness. Thissimilarityinnarrativeconstructionsmostlikelyreflectssomeagencyawillfulreshapingandre-imaginingofthepastthatinformsthepresent.Thesearepeoplewhowhetherpeggedasnerdsorrebelsorploddershavetakencontrolofthestoriesthatformtheiridentities. Inconversationpeopleareoftenwillingtohandoutthumbnaildescriptionsofthemselves:"I’mkindofahermit."Oratalkerapracticaljokerastriverasnobamorningperson.Buttheyaremorelikelytowincewhensomeoneelsedescribesthemsoauthoritatively. Maybethat’sbecausetheyhavecometoofarshakenoffenougholdlabelsalready.Likeescapeartistswithalifetime’sexperienceslippingthroughchainstheydon’twantorneedanyadditionalwork.Becausewhilemostpeoplecanleavetheirfamilynichesschoolyardnicknamesandhighschoolreputationsbehindtheydon’teverentirelyforgetthem. Accordingtothetextonecanexpandone’sidentity
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 14
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 10
WhenaShanghaiadconsultantwasrecentlyaskedtorecommendyounglocaldesignerstoaninternationalagencyhesentthreecandidateswithyearsofworkexperience.Butthecompanydecidedtheyweren’tgoodenoughandhadtoimportdesignersfromtheWest.It’sacommonproblemthatChinesevocationalgradssimplyhaven’thadgoodenoughteaching.Mostofthelecturersdon’thaveanyrealworkexperiencesotheycan’tteachusefulthings.Whengraduatesdogethiredtheybasicallyhavetobere-educated. China’srapideconomicexpansionhasexposedmanyfrailtiesinitseducationsystemespeciallyonthevocationalside.Thecountrycan’tproduceenoughskilledworkers.Inpartthat’sbecauseitinvestsfarmoreinacademicthanvocationalprograms.Fundinghasfallensignificantlysincethe1990s.Partlyasaresulttodayonly38percentorsoofChina’shigh-school-agestudentsattendvocationalschoolswellbelowtheofficialtargetof50percent.ToaddressthisdeficitlastyearBeijingpledgedtospendalmost$2billionon100newvocationalcollegesand1000highschools.Andthisyearitstartedofferingannualsubsidiestovocationalstudents. ButChina’strainingistooabstractwhat’surgentlyrequiredaretechnicianswhocancomeupwithagoodideaandturnitintoamarketableproduct.Partsofthecountryarealreadyadapting;inShenzhenlocalinstitutesoffer"madetoorder"trainingforparticularbusinesses.Andsomevocationalcollegeshaveintroducedpracticalresearchprojects. Butvocationaleducationfacesadeeperproblem:itsimage.China’smiddleclassiseagertoforgetitsexperiencewithphysicallaborandfewallowtheirchildrentobecometechnicalworkers.Everyonethinksthesearethingsthatlow-classpeopledo.ThusChinanowproducesrecordnumbersofcollegegrads--whostruggletofindworkbecausetheylacktheskillsformanufacturingwheredemandisgreatest.Onefixwouldbetore-brandvocationalsubjectsas"professional"not"manual"skills. AttheotherendofthespectrumareChina’s100million-plusruralmigrantworkersmanyofwhomhavelittleschooling.Theyhaveneverlearnedhowtoworkwithotherstoliveinthecitysavemoneyorchoosetherightjob.Thustheyfindithardtolearnfromtheirjobsorplantheircareers.Thisresultsinextremelyhighlaborturnover.Teachingandtraining"lifeskills"tocomplementvocationalprogramswouldhelp. YettheurgencyofChina’sskilled-laborshortfallwillforcearethink.FornowChinaisrelyingoncheaplow-skilledlabor-intensiveproductionbutit’snotsustainableinthelongtermWemustraiseourskillslevelandit’simpossibleforstate-runcollegestodoallthetraining.IndeedwiththedemandforskilledworkersgrowingallthetimeChinawillneedallthehelpitcanget. Accordingtothetextalowerrateofschool-agedteenagersentervocationalschoolsinChinamainlybecause
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 16
Avarietyofillegalactscommittedbypeopleinthecourseoftheiremploymentfortheirownpersonalgainarecollectivelyknownaswhite-collarcrime.Embezzlementtheftandtradingsecurities1insiderinformationarecommonformsofwhite-collarcrime.Themajorityofcasesinvolvelow-levelemployeeswhostealbecausetheyareunder2financialstress.Manyplanto3themoneybackassoonaspossiblebutmayneverdoso.Theircrimesareusuallynever4becausetheamountsofmoneyaresmallandnoonenoticesthe5. 6therearesomeverylargecasesofwhite-collarcrimesuchasmultimillion-dollarstockmarketorbankingseamsthattakeyearstodiscoverandareextremelydifficultandexpensiveto7. White-collarcrimeisnot8tothebusinesssector.Governmentemploymentespecially9thecitylevelalsoprovidesopportunitiesto10one’spockets.11buildinginspectorsacceptbribesandfull-timeemployeesreceive12payments. Althoughwhite-collarcrimeisless13thanstreetcrimeitinvolves14moremoneyandharmtothepublicthancrimescommittedbystreetcriminals.Itis15thattherearemorecriminals16theofficesuitesthaninthestreetsyetthe17ofwhite-collarmakesitdifficulttouncovertheoffensesandpursuetheoffenders.Astheeconomy18frommanufacturingtoservicesandelectroniccommerceopportunitiesforwhite-collarcrime19whilethetechnologyneededtostopsuchcrimeswill20. 6
Oneofthemostimportantsocialdevelopmentsthathelpedtomakepossibleashiftinthinkingaboutther01eofpubliceducationwastheeffectofthebabyboomofthe1950sand1960sontheschools.Inthe1920sbutespeciallyintheDepressionconditionsofthe1930stheUnitedStatesexperiencedadecliningbirthrate—everythousandwomenagedfifteentoforty-fourgavebirthtoabout118livechildrenin192089.2in193075.8in1936and80in1940.WiththegrowingprosperitybroughtonbytheSecondWorldWarandtheeconomicboomthatfollowedityoungpeoplemarriedandestablishedhouseholdsearlierandbegantoraiselargerfamiliesthanhadtheirpredecessorsduringtheDepression.Birthratesroseto102perthousandin1946106.2in1950and118in1955.Althougheconomicswasprobablythemostimportantdeterminantitisnottheonlyexplanationforthebabyboom.Theincreasedvalueplacedontheideaofthefamilyalsohelpstoexplainthisriseinbirthrates. Thebabyboomersbeganstreamingintothefirstgradebythemid-1940sandbecameafloodby1950.Thepublicschoolsystemsuddenlyfounditselfovertaxed.Whilethenumberofschoolchildrenrosebecauseofwartimeandpostwarconditionsthesesameconditionsmadetheschoolsevenlesspreparedtocopewiththeflood.Thewartimeeconomymeantthatfewnewschoolswerebuiltbetween1940and1945.Moreoverduringthewarandintheboomtimesthatfollowedlargenumbersofteacherslefttheirprofessionforbetter-payingjobselsewhereintheeconomy. Thereforeinthe1950sand1960sthebabyboomhitanantiquatedandinadequateschoolsystem.Consequentlythe"custodialrhetoric"ofthe1930sandearly1940snolongermadesense;thatiskeepingyouthsagedsixteenandolderoutofthelabormarketbykeepingtheminschoolcouldnolongerbeahighpriorityforaninstitutionunabletofindspaceandstafftoteachyoungerchildrenagedfivetosixteen. Withthebabyboomthefocusofeducatorsandoflaymeninterestedineducationinevitablyturnedtowardthelowergradesandbacktobasicacademicskillsanddiscipline.Thesystemnolongerhadmuchinterestinofferingnontraditionalnewandextraservicestoolderyouth. Accordingtothepassagewhatisthemainfactorcontributedtothebabyboom
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