首页
试卷库
试题库
当前位置：
X题卡
>
所有题目
>
题目详情
下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供 的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。 ...
查看本题答案
包含此试题的试卷
卫生类《单选集》真题及答案
点击查看
你可能感兴趣的试题
请从知识兴趣中任选一个内容仿照下面的示例写两个句子要求每个句子都采用比喻的修辞方法两个句子之间在语意
请以梦想与现实为内容仿照下面的示例写两个句子要求每个句子都采用比拟的修辞方法两个句子之间构成对偶太阳
请根据以下资料说明使用5个规范句子描述全部所给信息内容要求1标题It’sharmfultoCivil
任务型阅读阅读短文按照要求完成各题Whatwilltheweatherbelike?Somepeop
请从知识兴趣中任选一个为内容仿照下面的示例写两个句子要求每个句子都采用比喻的修辞方法两个句子之间在语
402010·广东省四会中学高三第二次质量检测下面有四副图假设女孩叫Mary男孩叫Peter请根据图
时下电子书作为一种新兴高科技产品已逐渐走进了我们的生活请根据下面的提示信息写一篇英语短文必须使用5个
请以梦想与现实为内容仿照下面的示例写两个句子要求每个句子都采用比拟的修辞方法两个句子之间构成对偶太阳
.请以梦想与现实为内容仿照下面的示例写两个句子要求每个句子都采用比拟的修辞方法两个句子之间构成对偶4
假设最近你班同学针对是否有必要上培训课进行了一次讨论.请根据下面的中文提示用英语写一篇短文介绍这次讨
请以梦想与现实为内容仿照下面的示例写两个句子要求每个句子都采用比拟的修辞方法两个句子之间构成对偶太阳
第四部分写作满分40分第一节基础写作共1小题满分15分请按照下面6幅图片的提示和所给的主题句使用5个
基础写作请根据以下表格内容使用5个规范的英语句子介绍学校学生的课外活动情况作文必须全部所给的信息5个
书面表达共15分下面四幅图描述的是星期天上午在中山公园里发生的事请根据图片所提供的信息用英语为你校的
请以梦想与现实为内容仿照下面的示例写两个句子要求每个句子都采用比拟的修辞方法两个句子之间构成对偶太阳
23.请从知识兴趣中任选一个为内容仿照下面的示例写两个句子要求每个句子都采用比喻的修辞方法两个句子之
请根据以下的说明内容使用连贯的英语句子写一篇短文健康一直是人们关注的话题请根据下面提供的写作内容写一
某英文报社举办以ILikeReading为主题的征文活动你打算投稿请根据以下要点写一篇短文【写作内容
请根据以下的说明内容使用连贯的英语句子写一篇短文健康一直是人们关注的话题请根据下面提供的写作内容写一
IV.写作共两节满分为40分第一节基础写作共1小题满分15分【写作内容】请按照下面6幅图片的提示和所
热门试题
更多
Thechairmanproposedthatweshouldstopthemeeting.
Itisoddthatsolittleisknownaboutthetalentedpainter.
Heissureofthecomingofinvestmentboomafteradoptingthenewinvestmentpolicies.
Experimentsenableyoungscientiststojudgeaccuratelywhatmustbeacceptedandwhatmustbeviewedwithsuspicion.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????DriedFoods{{/B}}??Centuries agomandiscoveredthatremovingmoisture{{U}}?51?{{/U}}foodhelped topreserveitandthattheeasiestwaytodothiswastoexposethefoodto thesunandwind.Inthis{{U}}?52?{{/U}}theNorthAmericanIndians producedriedmeatandmakeitintocakestheScandinaviansmake{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}fishandtheArabsmakedrieddates.??Allfoods contain{{U}}?54?{{/U}}cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainas muchas93%waterpotatoesandotherrootvegetables80%leanmeat75%and fishanythingfrom80%to60%depending{{U}}?55?{{/U}}howfattyit is.Ifthiswateris{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theactivityofthebacteria whichcausesfoodtogobadisstopped.??Nowdaymostfoodsare driedmechanically.Themostcommon{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofsuchdryingis toputfoodinchambers.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthings {{U}}?58?{{/U}}vegetablesmincedmeatandfish.? ?Liquidssuchasmilkcoffeeteasoupsandeggsmaybedried {{U}}?59?{{/U}}pouringthemoveraheatedhorizontalsteelcylinderor bysprayingthemintoachamberthrough{{U}}?60?{{/U}}acurrentof hotairpasses.Inthefirst{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thedriedmaterialis scrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmallpieces thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothe bottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Where{{U}}?62?{{/U}}piecesof meatandvegetablesarerequiredasinsouptheingredientsaredried separatelyandthenmixed.??Driedfoodstakeuplessroomand weighless{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamefoodpackedincanorfrozenand theyare{{U}}?64?{{/U}}toclimbersexplorersandsoldiersinbattle whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewives {{U}}?65?{{/U}}ittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitis justamatterofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboiling water.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} {{B}}??????? ??????????? ????ChangesintheAmericanFamily{{/B}}? ?HowmuchchangehasreallyoccurredintheAmericanfamilyandwhatare theimplicationsofthesechanges?Firstthehouseholdsizehaschangedgreatly since1790.From1790to1978themeanfamilysizewascutinhalffrom5.79 personsto2.81persons.In1790almost63percentofallpersonslivedinthe householdsoffiveormorepeople.By1978thesizeaccountedforalittleover 14percentofallhouseholds.??Bytheendofthe19thcenturya majorityofAmericanswerelivinginurbanareasandthefamilywasverymuch influencedbytherapiddevelopmentofindustrialization.Withthearrivalof immigrantstheurbanpopulationwasincreasinglyheterogeneous由不同成分组成的.This challengestheexclusivenessofanysinglefamilypattern.??In the20thcenturytheidealAmericanfamilyconsistedofahusbandandwife livingwithdependentchildren.Theylivedinahouseholdoftheirownprovided forbythehusband’searnings.Thewifewasresponsibleforemotional maintenanceofthemarriageandforraisingthechildrenandrunningthe household.??Themajorchangeinthefamilyinthiscenturyhas beenduetomarriedwomenenteringtheworkforce.Thisatleastforperiodsof time.hastakenthewomanoutofherfull-timeinvolvementinthehome.Ofall husbandandwifefamiliesabout40%havebothintheworkforceatanygiven time.??Inthepasttheidentityoftheindividualwassubmerged inthefamily.Ingeneralreputationinthecommunitycamefromthefamily. Todayhoweverwhateverindividualsachieveisusuallyassessedonitsown meritandfamilyhaslittlerelevance.Individualsmakeitordon’tmakeit essentiallyontheirown.??Asociologistdescribesanotherwayin whichtheAmericanfamilyhaschanged.TodayintheWesternworldthemajor burdensthatareapartofthefamilysystemareemotionalones.Butinthe19th centurythefamilywasmuchmoreinvolvedwitheconomicneedsandtasks;family andrelativeswerevaluedforprovidingassistanceduring crisis.WhatdoesthesentenceIndividualsmakeitordon’tmakeitessentiallyontheirowninthefifthparagraphmean?
Theexplorationofouterspaceisagreattriumphofmodernscience.
Euthanasia:aHeatedlyDebatedTopic Wemustn’’tdelayanylonger...?swallowing吞咽isdifficult...andbreathingthat’’salsodifficult.Thosemusclesareweakeningtoo...wemustn’’tdelayanylonger. ThesewerethewordsofDutchman荷兰人CeesvanwendeldeJoodeaskinghisdoctortohelphimdie.AffectedwithaseriousdiseasevanVendelwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating. VanVenderslastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinallethalinjectionbyhisdoctorwerefilmedandfirstshownontelevisionlastyearintheNetherlands.Theprogrammehassincebeenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshownitstartsanationwidedebateonthesubject. TheNetherlandsistheonlycountryinEuropewhichpermitseuthanasia安乐死althoughitisnottechnicallylegalthere.HoweverdoctorswhocarryouteuthanasiaunderstrictguidelinesintroducedbytheDutchParliament议会twoyearsagoareusuallynotprosecuted.Theguidelinesdemandthatthepatientisexperiencingextremesufferingthatthereisnochanceofacureandthatthepatienthasmaderepeatedrequestsforeuthanasia.Inadditiontothisaseconddoctormustconfirm证实thatthesecriteriahavebeenmetandthedeathmustbereportedtothepolicedepartment. Shoulddoctorsbeallowedtotaketheliveofothers?Dr.WilfredVanOijenCeesvanVendel’’sdoctorexplainshowhelooksatthequestion: Wellit’’snotasifIinplanningtomurderacrowdofpeoplewithamachinegun.InthatcasekillingistheworstthingIcanimagine.Butthat’’sentirelydifferentfrommyworkasadoctor.IcareforpeopleandItrytoensurethattheydon’tsuffertoomuch.That’’sverydifferentthing. Manypeoplethougharetotallyagainstthepracticeofeuthanasia.Dr.AndrewFergusonChairmanoftheorganizationHealthcareopposedtoEuthanasiasaysthatinthevastmajorityofeuthanasiacaseswhatthepatientisactuallyaskingforissomethingelse.Theymaywantahealthprofessionaltoopenupcommunicationforthemwiththeirlovedonesorfamily—there’’snearlyalwaysanotherquestionbehindthequestion. Britainalsohasastrongtraditionofhospices—specialhospitalswhichcareonlyforthedyingandtheirspecialneeds.CicelySaundersPresidentoftheNationalHospiceCouncilandafoundermemberofthehospicemovementarguesthateuthanasiadoesn’’ttakeintoaccountthattherearewaysofcaringforthedying.Sheisalsoconcernedthatallowingeuthanasiawouldunderminetheneedforcareandconsiderationofawiderangeofpeople;It’’sveryeasyinsocietynowfortheelderlythedisabled伤残的andthedependenttofeelthattheyareburdensandthereforethattheyoughttoopt脱离out.Ithinkthatanythingthatlegallyallowstheshorteningoflifedoesmakethosepeoplemorevulnerable脆弱的. Manyfindthisprohibitionofanindividual’’srighttothepaternalistic家长式的.Althoughtheyagreethatlifeisimportantandshouldberespectedtheyfeelthatthequalityoflifeshouldnotbeignored.Dr.VanOijenbelievesthatpeoplehavethefundamentalrighttochooseforthemselvesiftheywanttodie:Whatthosepeoplewhoopposeeuthanasiaaretellingmeisthatdyingpeoplehaven’ttheright.Andthatwhenpeopleareveryillweareallafraidoftheirdeath.Buttherearesituationswheredeathisafriend.Andinthosecaseswhynot? Butwhynot?isaquestionwhichmightcausestrongemotion.ThefilmshowingCeesVanVendel’’sdeathwasbothmovingandsensitive.Hisdoctorwasclearlyafamilyfriend;hiswifehadonlyherhusband’’sinterestsatheart.Somehoweverwouldarguethatitwouldbedangeroustousethisparticularexampletosupportthecaseforeuthanasia.Notallpatientswouldreceivesuchahighlevelofindividualcareandattention. AccordingtotheguidelinesintroducedbytheDutchParliamentwhen______enthanasiacanbecarriedout.
UnitedNations AmajorsegmentoftheUntiedNationsistheGeneralAssemblywhichconsistsofrepresentativesfromallgovernmentsthathaveratifiedtheUNCharter.Asof1995185stateshadmembershipinthegeneralAssembly.AdditionallytheVaticanSwitzerlandandthePalestineLiberationOrganizationhavenonvotingobserverstatusintheGeneralAssembly.TheGeneralAssemblyapprovestheUN’’sbudgetactswiththeSecurityCounciltoselecttheSecretary-generalandjudgesoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeandpassesresolutionsonissuesrangingfromself-determinationandcolonialismtowomen’’srightsandtheglobaldistributionofwealth. TheGeneralAssemblycanmeetandvoteonanysubjectunlesstheSecurityCouncilisdealingwithitoratleastpretendingto.Howeveritsdecisionsonlycarrymoralforce—unliketheCouncil’’s.They’’renotbindingininternationallaws.ButtheAssemblyvotesareanimportantopinionpollonhowandwhatthemajorityoftheworldthinksaboutissues.Importantquestionsneedatwo-thirdsvoteoftheAssemblytopass. Thequestionofwhatisanimportantquestionisn’’timportant.Itsdecidedbythedelegatesthemselves—byasimplemajority. AlthoughtheGeneralAssemblyhasnotrecognizedauthoritytoenforceitsconclusionsonanythingotherthaninternalUNmattersitmakesitsviewpointsonissuesthatarebroughtbeforeitisknowninoneofthethreeways.AGeneralAssemblydeclarationisabroadstatementofgeneralprinciplesuchastheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightspassedin1948.Declarationsareoftenputforwardasanexpressionofanidealinpracticetheyareregularlyignored.AGeneralAssemblyresolutionisessentiallyadocumentthatrecommendsthatmemberstatestakeaparticularpolicyaction.StatesclaimsovereigntyandmaketheirowndecisionsastowhethertheywillfollowaGeneralAssemblyresolution.Insomecaseshoweverifmanystatesimplementaparticularresolutionotherstatesthatmaynotwishtoactontheresolutionmayfeelthemselvespressuredtodosoanyway.Attheveryleastaresolutionhastheeffectoflegitimizingthepoliciesofthosestatesthatwishtocomplywiththeresolution.FinallyaGeneralAssemblyconventionortreatyhastwomeanings.ThemorecomprehensiveconventionreferstomultilateraltreatiesvotedonbytheGeneralAssemblythatuponpassagebytheGeneralAssemblyarecarriedbacktothecapitalsofmemberstatesforratificationbywhatevermeanseachstateusesdomestically.InothercasesaGeneralAssemblyconventionrefersspecificallytoatreatysignedbetweentheUnitedNationsandthegovernmentofanation-stateaswhenin1956EgyptagreedtoallowUnitedNationspeacekeepingforcestoenterEgyptianterritory. TheGeneralAssemblymakesitsviewpointsintheGeneralAssemblyratification.
Suburb Ifsuburbismeantanurbanmarginthatgrowsmorerapidlythanitsalreadydevelopedinteriortheprocessofsuburbanizationbeganduringtheemergenceoftheindustrialcityinthesecondquarterofthenineteenthcentury.Beforethatperiodthecitywasasmallhighlycompactclusterinwhichpeoplemovedaboutonfootandgoodswereconveyedbyhorseandcart.Buttheearlyfactoriesbuiltinthe1830’’sand1840’’swerelocatedalongwaterwaysandnearrailheadsattheedgesofcitiesandhousingwasneededforthethousandsofpeopledrawnbytheprospectofemployment.Intimethefactoriesweresurroundedbyproliferatingmilltownsofapartmentsandrowhousesaroundtheoldermaincities.Asadefenceagainstthisencroachmentandtoenlargetheirtaxbasesthecitiesappropriatedtheirindustrialneighbors.In1854forexamplethecityofPhiladelphiaannexedmostofPhiladelphiaCounty.SimilarmunicipalmaneuverstookplaceinChicagoandinNewYork.IndeedmostgreatcitiesoftheUnitedStatesachievedsuchstatusonlybyincorporatingthecommunitiesalongtheirborders. Withtheaccelerationofindustrialgrowthcomeacuteurbancrowdingandaccompanyingsocialstress-conditionsbegantoapproachdisastrousproportionswhenin1888thefirstcommerciallysuccessfulelectrictractionlinewasdeveloped.Withinafewyearsthehorse-drawntrolleyswereretiredandelectricstreetcarnetworkscrisscrossedandconnectedeverymajorurbanareafosteringawaveofsuburbanizationthattransformedthecompactindustrialcityintoadispersedmetropolis.Thisfirstphaseofmass-scalesuburbanizationwasreinforcedbythesimultaneousemergenceoftheurbanmiddleclasswhosedesiresforhomeownershipinneighborhoodsfarfromtheaginginnercityweresatisfiedbythedevelopingofsingle-familyhousingtracts. Inthepassagethewordencroachmentreferstowhichofthefollowing?
Euthanasia:aHeatedlyDebatedTopic Wemustn’’tdelayanylonger...?swallowing吞咽isdifficult...andbreathingthat’’salsodifficult.Thosemusclesareweakeningtoo...wemustn’’tdelayanylonger. ThesewerethewordsofDutchman荷兰人CeesvanwendeldeJoodeaskinghisdoctortohelphimdie.AffectedwithaseriousdiseasevanVendelwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating. VanVenderslastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinallethalinjectionbyhisdoctorwerefilmedandfirstshownontelevisionlastyearintheNetherlands.Theprogrammehassincebeenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshownitstartsanationwidedebateonthesubject. TheNetherlandsistheonlycountryinEuropewhichpermitseuthanasia安乐死althoughitisnottechnicallylegalthere.HoweverdoctorswhocarryouteuthanasiaunderstrictguidelinesintroducedbytheDutchParliament议会twoyearsagoareusuallynotprosecuted.Theguidelinesdemandthatthepatientisexperiencingextremesufferingthatthereisnochanceofacureandthatthepatienthasmaderepeatedrequestsforeuthanasia.Inadditiontothisaseconddoctormustconfirm证实thatthesecriteriahavebeenmetandthedeathmustbereportedtothepolicedepartment. Shoulddoctorsbeallowedtotaketheliveofothers?Dr.WilfredVanOijenCeesvanVendel’’sdoctorexplainshowhelooksatthequestion: Wellit’’snotasifIinplanningtomurderacrowdofpeoplewithamachinegun.InthatcasekillingistheworstthingIcanimagine.Butthat’’sentirelydifferentfrommyworkasadoctor.IcareforpeopleandItrytoensurethattheydon’tsuffertoomuch.That’’sverydifferentthing. Manypeoplethougharetotallyagainstthepracticeofeuthanasia.Dr.AndrewFergusonChairmanoftheorganizationHealthcareopposedtoEuthanasiasaysthatinthevastmajorityofeuthanasiacaseswhatthepatientisactuallyaskingforissomethingelse.Theymaywantahealthprofessionaltoopenupcommunicationforthemwiththeirlovedonesorfamily—there’’snearlyalwaysanotherquestionbehindthequestion. Britainalsohasastrongtraditionofhospices—specialhospitalswhichcareonlyforthedyingandtheirspecialneeds.CicelySaundersPresidentoftheNationalHospiceCouncilandafoundermemberofthehospicemovementarguesthateuthanasiadoesn’’ttakeintoaccountthattherearewaysofcaringforthedying.Sheisalsoconcernedthatallowingeuthanasiawouldunderminetheneedforcareandconsiderationofawiderangeofpeople;It’’sveryeasyinsocietynowfortheelderlythedisabled伤残的andthedependenttofeelthattheyareburdensandthereforethattheyoughttoopt脱离out.Ithinkthatanythingthatlegallyallowstheshorteningoflifedoesmakethosepeoplemorevulnerable脆弱的. Manyfindthisprohibitionofanindividual’’srighttothepaternalistic家长式的.Althoughtheyagreethatlifeisimportantandshouldberespectedtheyfeelthatthequalityoflifeshouldnotbeignored.Dr.VanOijenbelievesthatpeoplehavethefundamentalrighttochooseforthemselvesiftheywanttodie:Whatthosepeoplewhoopposeeuthanasiaaretellingmeisthatdyingpeoplehaven’ttheright.Andthatwhenpeopleareveryillweareallafraidoftheirdeath.Buttherearesituationswheredeathisafriend.Andinthosecaseswhynot? Butwhynot?isaquestionwhichmightcausestrongemotion.ThefilmshowingCeesVanVendel’’sdeathwasbothmovingandsensitive.Hisdoctorwasclearlyafamilyfriend;hiswifehadonlyherhusband’’sinterestsatheart.Somehoweverwouldarguethatitwouldbedangeroustousethisparticularexampletosupportthecaseforeuthanasia.Notallpatientswouldreceivesuchahighlevelofindividualcareandattention. Theargumentsagainstthepracticeofeuthanasiaincludeallthefollowingexcept______.
UnitedNations AmajorsegmentoftheUntiedNationsistheGeneralAssemblywhichconsistsofrepresentativesfromallgovernmentsthathaveratifiedtheUNCharter.Asof1995185stateshadmembershipinthegeneralAssembly.AdditionallytheVaticanSwitzerlandandthePalestineLiberationOrganizationhavenonvotingobserverstatusintheGeneralAssembly.TheGeneralAssemblyapprovestheUN’’sbudgetactswiththeSecurityCounciltoselecttheSecretary-generalandjudgesoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeandpassesresolutionsonissuesrangingfromself-determinationandcolonialismtowomen’’srightsandtheglobaldistributionofwealth. TheGeneralAssemblycanmeetandvoteonanysubjectunlesstheSecurityCouncilisdealingwithitoratleastpretendingto.Howeveritsdecisionsonlycarrymoralforce—unliketheCouncil’’s.They’’renotbindingininternationallaws.ButtheAssemblyvotesareanimportantopinionpollonhowandwhatthemajorityoftheworldthinksaboutissues.Importantquestionsneedatwo-thirdsvoteoftheAssemblytopass. Thequestionofwhatisanimportantquestionisn’’timportant.Itsdecidedbythedelegatesthemselves—byasimplemajority. AlthoughtheGeneralAssemblyhasnotrecognizedauthoritytoenforceitsconclusionsonanythingotherthaninternalUNmattersitmakesitsviewpointsonissuesthatarebroughtbeforeitisknowninoneofthethreeways.AGeneralAssemblydeclarationisabroadstatementofgeneralprinciplesuchastheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightspassedin1948.Declarationsareoftenputforwardasanexpressionofanidealinpracticetheyareregularlyignored.AGeneralAssemblyresolutionisessentiallyadocumentthatrecommendsthatmemberstatestakeaparticularpolicyaction.StatesclaimsovereigntyandmaketheirowndecisionsastowhethertheywillfollowaGeneralAssemblyresolution.Insomecaseshoweverifmanystatesimplementaparticularresolutionotherstatesthatmaynotwishtoactontheresolutionmayfeelthemselvespressuredtodosoanyway.Attheveryleastaresolutionhastheeffectoflegitimizingthepoliciesofthosestatesthatwishtocomplywiththeresolution.FinallyaGeneralAssemblyconventionortreatyhastwomeanings.ThemorecomprehensiveconventionreferstomultilateraltreatiesvotedonbytheGeneralAssemblythatuponpassagebytheGeneralAssemblyarecarriedbacktothecapitalsofmemberstatesforratificationbywhatevermeanseachstateusesdomestically.InothercasesaGeneralAssemblyconventionrefersspecificallytoatreatysignedbetweentheUnitedNationsandthegovernmentofanation-stateaswhenin1956EgyptagreedtoallowUnitedNationspeacekeepingforcestoenterEgyptianterritory. AnanwaschosenasUNSecretary-generalontheGeneralAssembly.
Suburb Ifsuburbismeantanurbanmarginthatgrowsmorerapidlythanitsalreadydevelopedinteriortheprocessofsuburbanizationbeganduringtheemergenceoftheindustrialcityinthesecondquarterofthenineteenthcentury.Beforethatperiodthecitywasasmallhighlycompactclusterinwhichpeoplemovedaboutonfootandgoodswereconveyedbyhorseandcart.Buttheearlyfactoriesbuiltinthe1830’’sand1840’’swerelocatedalongwaterwaysandnearrailheadsattheedgesofcitiesandhousingwasneededforthethousandsofpeopledrawnbytheprospectofemployment.Intimethefactoriesweresurroundedbyproliferatingmilltownsofapartmentsandrowhousesaroundtheoldermaincities.Asadefenceagainstthisencroachmentandtoenlargetheirtaxbasesthecitiesappropriatedtheirindustrialneighbors.In1854forexamplethecityofPhiladelphiaannexedmostofPhiladelphiaCounty.SimilarmunicipalmaneuverstookplaceinChicagoandinNewYork.IndeedmostgreatcitiesoftheUnitedStatesachievedsuchstatusonlybyincorporatingthecommunitiesalongtheirborders. Withtheaccelerationofindustrialgrowthcomeacuteurbancrowdingandaccompanyingsocialstress-conditionsbegantoapproachdisastrousproportionswhenin1888thefirstcommerciallysuccessfulelectrictractionlinewasdeveloped.Withinafewyearsthehorse-drawntrolleyswereretiredandelectricstreetcarnetworkscrisscrossedandconnectedeverymajorurbanareafosteringawaveofsuburbanizationthattransformedthecompactindustrialcityintoadispersedmetropolis.Thisfirstphaseofmass-scalesuburbanizationwasreinforcedbythesimultaneousemergenceoftheurbanmiddleclasswhosedesiresforhomeownershipinneighborhoodsfarfromtheaginginnercityweresatisfiedbythedevelopingofsingle-familyhousingtracts. Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????DriedFoods{{/B}}??Centuries agomandiscoveredthatremovingmoisture{{U}}?51?{{/U}}foodhelped topreserveitandthattheeasiestwaytodothiswastoexposethefoodto thesunandwind.Inthis{{U}}?52?{{/U}}theNorthAmericanIndians producedriedmeatandmakeitintocakestheScandinaviansmake{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}fishandtheArabsmakedrieddates.??Allfoods contain{{U}}?54?{{/U}}cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainas muchas93%waterpotatoesandotherrootvegetables80%leanmeat75%and fishanythingfrom80%to60%depending{{U}}?55?{{/U}}howfattyit is.Ifthiswateris{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theactivityofthebacteria whichcausesfoodtogobadisstopped.??Nowdaymostfoodsare driedmechanically.Themostcommon{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofsuchdryingis toputfoodinchambers.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthings {{U}}?58?{{/U}}vegetablesmincedmeatandfish.? ?Liquidssuchasmilkcoffeeteasoupsandeggsmaybedried {{U}}?59?{{/U}}pouringthemoveraheatedhorizontalsteelcylinderor bysprayingthemintoachamberthrough{{U}}?60?{{/U}}acurrentof hotairpasses.Inthefirst{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thedriedmaterialis scrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmallpieces thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothe bottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Where{{U}}?62?{{/U}}piecesof meatandvegetablesarerequiredasinsouptheingredientsaredried separatelyandthenmixed.??Driedfoodstakeuplessroomand weighless{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamefoodpackedincanorfrozenand theyare{{U}}?64?{{/U}}toclimbersexplorersandsoldiersinbattle whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewives {{U}}?65?{{/U}}ittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitis justamatterofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboiling water.
Suburb Ifsuburbismeantanurbanmarginthatgrowsmorerapidlythanitsalreadydevelopedinteriortheprocessofsuburbanizationbeganduringtheemergenceoftheindustrialcityinthesecondquarterofthenineteenthcentury.Beforethatperiodthecitywasasmallhighlycompactclusterinwhichpeoplemovedaboutonfootandgoodswereconveyedbyhorseandcart.Buttheearlyfactoriesbuiltinthe1830’’sand1840’’swerelocatedalongwaterwaysandnearrailheadsattheedgesofcitiesandhousingwasneededforthethousandsofpeopledrawnbytheprospectofemployment.Intimethefactoriesweresurroundedbyproliferatingmilltownsofapartmentsandrowhousesaroundtheoldermaincities.Asadefenceagainstthisencroachmentandtoenlargetheirtaxbasesthecitiesappropriatedtheirindustrialneighbors.In1854forexamplethecityofPhiladelphiaannexedmostofPhiladelphiaCounty.SimilarmunicipalmaneuverstookplaceinChicagoandinNewYork.IndeedmostgreatcitiesoftheUnitedStatesachievedsuchstatusonlybyincorporatingthecommunitiesalongtheirborders. Withtheaccelerationofindustrialgrowthcomeacuteurbancrowdingandaccompanyingsocialstress-conditionsbegantoapproachdisastrousproportionswhenin1888thefirstcommerciallysuccessfulelectrictractionlinewasdeveloped.Withinafewyearsthehorse-drawntrolleyswereretiredandelectricstreetcarnetworkscrisscrossedandconnectedeverymajorurbanareafosteringawaveofsuburbanizationthattransformedthecompactindustrialcityintoadispersedmetropolis.Thisfirstphaseofmass-scalesuburbanizationwasreinforcedbythesimultaneousemergenceoftheurbanmiddleclasswhosedesiresforhomeownershipinneighborhoodsfarfromtheaginginnercityweresatisfiedbythedevelopingofsingle-familyhousingtracts. Whereinthetextdoestheauthordescribethecitiesastheywerepriortosuburbanization?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????DriedFoods{{/B}}??Centuries agomandiscoveredthatremovingmoisture{{U}}?51?{{/U}}foodhelped topreserveitandthattheeasiestwaytodothiswastoexposethefoodto thesunandwind.Inthis{{U}}?52?{{/U}}theNorthAmericanIndians producedriedmeatandmakeitintocakestheScandinaviansmake{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}fishandtheArabsmakedrieddates.??Allfoods contain{{U}}?54?{{/U}}cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainas muchas93%waterpotatoesandotherrootvegetables80%leanmeat75%and fishanythingfrom80%to60%depending{{U}}?55?{{/U}}howfattyit is.Ifthiswateris{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theactivityofthebacteria whichcausesfoodtogobadisstopped.??Nowdaymostfoodsare driedmechanically.Themostcommon{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofsuchdryingis toputfoodinchambers.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthings {{U}}?58?{{/U}}vegetablesmincedmeatandfish.? ?Liquidssuchasmilkcoffeeteasoupsandeggsmaybedried {{U}}?59?{{/U}}pouringthemoveraheatedhorizontalsteelcylinderor bysprayingthemintoachamberthrough{{U}}?60?{{/U}}acurrentof hotairpasses.Inthefirst{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thedriedmaterialis scrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmallpieces thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothe bottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Where{{U}}?62?{{/U}}piecesof meatandvegetablesarerequiredasinsouptheingredientsaredried separatelyandthenmixed.??Driedfoodstakeuplessroomand weighless{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamefoodpackedincanorfrozenand theyare{{U}}?64?{{/U}}toclimbersexplorersandsoldiersinbattle whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewives {{U}}?65?{{/U}}ittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitis justamatterofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboiling water.
OnAntibodies Substancesforeigntothebodysuchasdisease-causingbacteriaandvirusesandotherinfectiousagentsarerecognizedbythebodysimmunesystemasinvaders.Ournaturaldefensesagainsttheseinfectiousagentsareantibodiesproteinsthatseekouttheantigens抗原andhelpdestroythem. Antibodieshavetwoveryusefulcharacteristics.Firsttheyareextremelyspecific;thatiseachantibodybindstoandattacksoneparticularantigen.Secondsomeantibodiesonceactivatedbytheoccurrenceofadiseasecontinuetoconferresistanceagainstthatdisease.Classicexamplearetheantibodiestothechildhooddiseasesofchickenpox水痘andmeasles. Thesecondcharacteristicofantibodiesmakesitpossibletodevelopvaccines.Avaccine痘苗isapreparationofkilledorweakenedbacteriaorvirusesthatwhenintroducedintothebodystimulatestheproductionofantibodiesagainsttheantigensitcontains. Itisthefirsttraitofantibodiestheirspecificitythatmakesmonoclonalantibodytechnologysovaluable.Notonlycanantibodiesbeusedtherapeutically在治疗上toprotectagainstdisease;theycanalsohelpto.diagnoseawidevarietyofillnessesandcandetectthepresenceofdrugsviralandbacterialproductsandotherunusualorabnormalsubstancesintheblood. Givensuchadiversityofusesforthesediseased-fightingsubstancestheirproductioninpurequantitieshaslongbeenthefocusofscientificinvestigation.Theconventionalmethodwastoinjectalaboratoryanimalwithanantigenandthenafterantibodieshadbeenformedcollectthoseantibodiesfromthebloodserum血清Antibodycontainingbloodserumiscalledantiserum抗血清.Therearetwoproblemswiththismethod:Ityieldsantiserumthatcontainsundesiredsubstancesanditprovidesaverysmallamountofusableantibody. Monoclonalantibodytechnologyallowsustoproducelargeamountsofpureantibodies.inthefollowingway:wecanobtaincellsthatproduceantibodiesnaturally;wealsohaveavailableaclassofcellsthatcangrowcontinuallyincellculture培养.Ifweformahybrid混血儿thatcombinesthecharacteristicofimmortality永生withtheabilitytoproducethedesiredsubstancewewouldhaveineffectafactorytoproduceantibodiesthatworkaroundtheclock. Inmonoclonalantibodytechnologytumorcellsthatcanreplicate重复endlesslyarefusedwithmammaliancellsthatproduceanantibody.Theresultofthiscellfusionisahybridoma杂交瘤whichwillcontinuallyproduceantibodies.Theseantibodiesarecalledmonoclonalbecausetheycomefromonlyonetypeofcellthehybridomacell;antibodiesproducedbyconventionalmethodsontheotherhandarederivedfrompreparationscontainingmanykindsofcellsandhencearecalledpolyclonal.Anexampleofhowmonoclonalantibodiesarederivedisdescribedbelow. Amyelomaisatumorofthebonemarrow骨髓thatcanbeadaptedtogrowpermanendyincellculture.Whenmyelomacellswerefusedwithantibody-producingmammalianspleencellsitwasfoundthattheresultinghybridcellsorhybridomasproducedlargeamountsofmonoclonal骨髓瘤antibody.Thisproductofcellfusioncombinedthedesiredqualitiesofthetwodifferenttypesofcells:theabilitytogrowcontinuallyandtheabilitytoproducelargeamountsofpureantibody. Becauseselectedhybridcellsproduceonlyonespecificantibodytheyaremorepurethanthepolyclonalantibodiesproducedbyconventionaltechniques.Theyarepotentiallymoreeffectivethanconventionaldrugsinfightingdiseasesincedrugsattacknotonlytheforeignsubstancebutthebody’sowncellsaswellsometimesproducingundesirablesideeffectssuchasnausea恶心andallergicreactions.Monoclonalantibodiesattackthetargetmoleculeandonlythetargetmoleculewithnoorgreatlydiminishedsideeffects. Whichofthefollowingsubstancesisnotaninvadertothebody’simmunesystem?
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ChangesofMuseums{{/B}}??{{U}}?46?{{/U}}Theyareno longerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforboredvacationerstovisitonrainy days.??{{U}}?47?{{/U}}Someoftheoldgraymuseums havebeenrebuiltandtheneweronesareopenandmodernintheirarchitecture. Insidethereismodernlightingcolorandsound.Insteadofdisplaying everythingtheyownmuseumdirectorsshowfewerobjectsandleaveopenspaces wherevisitorscangatherandsitdown.Theyalsobringtogetherinonedisplay agroupofobjectsdrawnfromvariouspartsofthemuseuminaneffortto representthewholelifestyleofaregionorahistoricalperiod.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}.??Moreandmoremuseumdirectorsarerealizingthat peoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyareseeing.In manysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.Thevisitoris encouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoastodiscover scientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperenceofoperatinga spaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglass-blowingandpaper-making. {{U}}?49?{{/U}}Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonotunderstandscience willprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnotuseittobest advantage.??Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesand children’sdepartments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilm showingsanddanceprograms.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}A?Thepurposeis notonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeoplefeelathomeintheworldof science.B?Museumshavechanged.C?Inoneroomforinstance youmayfindmaterialsclothingtoolscookingpotsfurnitureandartworks ofaparticularplaceandtime.D?Insteadofbeingplacesthatone shouldvisittheyareplacestoenjoy.E?Thereareopenspacesthat museumsleaveforvisitors.F?Manymuseumshavechangedin appearance.
UnitedNations AmajorsegmentoftheUntiedNationsistheGeneralAssemblywhichconsistsofrepresentativesfromallgovernmentsthathaveratifiedtheUNCharter.Asof1995185stateshadmembershipinthegeneralAssembly.AdditionallytheVaticanSwitzerlandandthePalestineLiberationOrganizationhavenonvotingobserverstatusintheGeneralAssembly.TheGeneralAssemblyapprovestheUN’’sbudgetactswiththeSecurityCounciltoselecttheSecretary-generalandjudgesoftheInternationalCourtofJusticeandpassesresolutionsonissuesrangingfromself-determinationandcolonialismtowomen’’srightsandtheglobaldistributionofwealth. TheGeneralAssemblycanmeetandvoteonanysubjectunlesstheSecurityCouncilisdealingwithitoratleastpretendingto.Howeveritsdecisionsonlycarrymoralforce—unliketheCouncil’’s.They’’renotbindingininternationallaws.ButtheAssemblyvotesareanimportantopinionpollonhowandwhatthemajorityoftheworldthinksaboutissues.Importantquestionsneedatwo-thirdsvoteoftheAssemblytopass. Thequestionofwhatisanimportantquestionisn’’timportant.Itsdecidedbythedelegatesthemselves—byasimplemajority. AlthoughtheGeneralAssemblyhasnotrecognizedauthoritytoenforceitsconclusionsonanythingotherthaninternalUNmattersitmakesitsviewpointsonissuesthatarebroughtbeforeitisknowninoneofthethreeways.AGeneralAssemblydeclarationisabroadstatementofgeneralprinciplesuchastheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightspassedin1948.Declarationsareoftenputforwardasanexpressionofanidealinpracticetheyareregularlyignored.AGeneralAssemblyresolutionisessentiallyadocumentthatrecommendsthatmemberstatestakeaparticularpolicyaction.StatesclaimsovereigntyandmaketheirowndecisionsastowhethertheywillfollowaGeneralAssemblyresolution.Insomecaseshoweverifmanystatesimplementaparticularresolutionotherstatesthatmaynotwishtoactontheresolutionmayfeelthemselvespressuredtodosoanyway.Attheveryleastaresolutionhastheeffectoflegitimizingthepoliciesofthosestatesthatwishtocomplywiththeresolution.FinallyaGeneralAssemblyconventionortreatyhastwomeanings.ThemorecomprehensiveconventionreferstomultilateraltreatiesvotedonbytheGeneralAssemblythatuponpassagebytheGeneralAssemblyarecarriedbacktothecapitalsofmemberstatesforratificationbywhatevermeanseachstateusesdomestically.InothercasesaGeneralAssemblyconventionrefersspecificallytoatreatysignedbetweentheUnitedNationsandthegovernmentofanation-stateaswhenin1956EgyptagreedtoallowUnitedNationspeacekeepingforcestoenterEgyptianterritory. ThePassageofimportantissuesisdecidedbyatwo-thirdsvoteoftheAssembly.
Hisnewgirlfriendomittedtotellhimthatshewasmarried.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????DriedFoods{{/B}}??Centuries agomandiscoveredthatremovingmoisture{{U}}?51?{{/U}}foodhelped topreserveitandthattheeasiestwaytodothiswastoexposethefoodto thesunandwind.Inthis{{U}}?52?{{/U}}theNorthAmericanIndians producedriedmeatandmakeitintocakestheScandinaviansmake{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}fishandtheArabsmakedrieddates.??Allfoods contain{{U}}?54?{{/U}}cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainas muchas93%waterpotatoesandotherrootvegetables80%leanmeat75%and fishanythingfrom80%to60%depending{{U}}?55?{{/U}}howfattyit is.Ifthiswateris{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theactivityofthebacteria whichcausesfoodtogobadisstopped.??Nowdaymostfoodsare driedmechanically.Themostcommon{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofsuchdryingis toputfoodinchambers.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthings {{U}}?58?{{/U}}vegetablesmincedmeatandfish.? ?Liquidssuchasmilkcoffeeteasoupsandeggsmaybedried {{U}}?59?{{/U}}pouringthemoveraheatedhorizontalsteelcylinderor bysprayingthemintoachamberthrough{{U}}?60?{{/U}}acurrentof hotairpasses.Inthefirst{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thedriedmaterialis scrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmallpieces thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothe bottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Where{{U}}?62?{{/U}}piecesof meatandvegetablesarerequiredasinsouptheingredientsaredried separatelyandthenmixed.??Driedfoodstakeuplessroomand weighless{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamefoodpackedincanorfrozenand theyare{{U}}?64?{{/U}}toclimbersexplorersandsoldiersinbattle whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewives {{U}}?65?{{/U}}ittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitis justamatterofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboiling water.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ChangesofMuseums{{/B}}??{{U}}?46?{{/U}}Theyareno longerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforboredvacationerstovisitonrainy days.??{{U}}?47?{{/U}}Someoftheoldgraymuseums havebeenrebuiltandtheneweronesareopenandmodernintheirarchitecture. Insidethereismodernlightingcolorandsound.Insteadofdisplaying everythingtheyownmuseumdirectorsshowfewerobjectsandleaveopenspaces wherevisitorscangatherandsitdown.Theyalsobringtogetherinonedisplay agroupofobjectsdrawnfromvariouspartsofthemuseuminaneffortto representthewholelifestyleofaregionorahistoricalperiod.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}.??Moreandmoremuseumdirectorsarerealizingthat peoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyareseeing.In manysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.Thevisitoris encouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoastodiscover scientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperenceofoperatinga spaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglass-blowingandpaper-making. {{U}}?49?{{/U}}Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonotunderstandscience willprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnotuseittobest advantage.??Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesand children’sdepartments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilm showingsanddanceprograms.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}A?Thepurposeis notonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeoplefeelathomeintheworldof science.B?Museumshavechanged.C?Inoneroomforinstance youmayfindmaterialsclothingtoolscookingpotsfurnitureandartworks ofaparticularplaceandtime.D?Insteadofbeingplacesthatone shouldvisittheyareplacestoenjoy.E?Thereareopenspacesthat museumsleaveforvisitors.F?Manymuseumshavechangedin appearance.{{*HTML*}}
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????DriedFoods{{/B}}??Centuries agomandiscoveredthatremovingmoisture{{U}}?51?{{/U}}foodhelped topreserveitandthattheeasiestwaytodothiswastoexposethefoodto thesunandwind.Inthis{{U}}?52?{{/U}}theNorthAmericanIndians producedriedmeatandmakeitintocakestheScandinaviansmake{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}fishandtheArabsmakedrieddates.??Allfoods contain{{U}}?54?{{/U}}cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainas muchas93%waterpotatoesandotherrootvegetables80%leanmeat75%and fishanythingfrom80%to60%depending{{U}}?55?{{/U}}howfattyit is.Ifthiswateris{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theactivityofthebacteria whichcausesfoodtogobadisstopped.??Nowdaymostfoodsare driedmechanically.Themostcommon{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofsuchdryingis toputfoodinchambers.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthings {{U}}?58?{{/U}}vegetablesmincedmeatandfish.? ?Liquidssuchasmilkcoffeeteasoupsandeggsmaybedried {{U}}?59?{{/U}}pouringthemoveraheatedhorizontalsteelcylinderor bysprayingthemintoachamberthrough{{U}}?60?{{/U}}acurrentof hotairpasses.Inthefirst{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thedriedmaterialis scrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmallpieces thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothe bottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Where{{U}}?62?{{/U}}piecesof meatandvegetablesarerequiredasinsouptheingredientsaredried separatelyandthenmixed.??Driedfoodstakeuplessroomand weighless{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamefoodpackedincanorfrozenand theyare{{U}}?64?{{/U}}toclimbersexplorersandsoldiersinbattle whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewives {{U}}?65?{{/U}}ittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitis justamatterofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboiling water.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}?????????? ??????????? ChangesofMuseums{{/B}}??{{U}}?46?{{/U}}Theyareno longerplacesfortheprivilegedfeworforboredvacationerstovisitonrainy days.??{{U}}?47?{{/U}}Someoftheoldgraymuseums havebeenrebuiltandtheneweronesareopenandmodernintheirarchitecture. Insidethereismodernlightingcolorandsound.Insteadofdisplaying everythingtheyownmuseumdirectorsshowfewerobjectsandleaveopenspaces wherevisitorscangatherandsitdown.Theyalsobringtogetherinonedisplay agroupofobjectsdrawnfromvariouspartsofthemuseuminaneffortto representthewholelifestyleofaregionorahistoricalperiod.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}.??Moreandmoremuseumdirectorsarerealizingthat peoplelearnbestwhentheycansomehowbecomepartofwhattheyareseeing.In manysciencemuseumsforexampletherearenoguidedtours.Thevisitoris encouragedtotouchlistenoperateandexperimentsoastodiscover scientificprinciplesforhimself.Hecanhavetheexperenceofoperatinga spaceshiporacomputer.Hecanexperimentwithglass-blowingandpaper-making. {{U}}?49?{{/U}}Thetheoryisthatpeoplewhodonotunderstandscience willprobablyfearitandthosewhofearsciencewillnotuseittobest advantage.??Manymuseumsnowprovideeducationalservicesand children’sdepartments.Inadditiontotheusualdisplaystheyalsoofferfilm showingsanddanceprograms.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}A?Thepurposeis notonlytoprovidefunbutalsotohelppeoplefeelathomeintheworldof science.B?Museumshavechanged.C?Inoneroomforinstance youmayfindmaterialsclothingtoolscookingpotsfurnitureandartworks ofaparticularplaceandtime.D?Insteadofbeingplacesthatone shouldvisittheyareplacestoenjoy.E?Thereareopenspacesthat museumsleaveforvisitors.F?Manymuseumshavechangedin appearance.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????DriedFoods{{/B}}??Centuries agomandiscoveredthatremovingmoisture{{U}}?51?{{/U}}foodhelped topreserveitandthattheeasiestwaytodothiswastoexposethefoodto thesunandwind.Inthis{{U}}?52?{{/U}}theNorthAmericanIndians producedriedmeatandmakeitintocakestheScandinaviansmake{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}fishandtheArabsmakedrieddates.??Allfoods contain{{U}}?54?{{/U}}cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainas muchas93%waterpotatoesandotherrootvegetables80%leanmeat75%and fishanythingfrom80%to60%depending{{U}}?55?{{/U}}howfattyit is.Ifthiswateris{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theactivityofthebacteria whichcausesfoodtogobadisstopped.??Nowdaymostfoodsare driedmechanically.Themostcommon{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofsuchdryingis toputfoodinchambers.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthings {{U}}?58?{{/U}}vegetablesmincedmeatandfish.? ?Liquidssuchasmilkcoffeeteasoupsandeggsmaybedried {{U}}?59?{{/U}}pouringthemoveraheatedhorizontalsteelcylinderor bysprayingthemintoachamberthrough{{U}}?60?{{/U}}acurrentof hotairpasses.Inthefirst{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thedriedmaterialis scrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmallpieces thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothe bottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Where{{U}}?62?{{/U}}piecesof meatandvegetablesarerequiredasinsouptheingredientsaredried separatelyandthenmixed.??Driedfoodstakeuplessroomand weighless{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamefoodpackedincanorfrozenand theyare{{U}}?64?{{/U}}toclimbersexplorersandsoldiersinbattle whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewives {{U}}?65?{{/U}}ittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitis justamatterofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboiling water.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}??????? ??????????? ?????DriedFoods{{/B}}??Centuries agomandiscoveredthatremovingmoisture{{U}}?51?{{/U}}foodhelped topreserveitandthattheeasiestwaytodothiswastoexposethefoodto thesunandwind.Inthis{{U}}?52?{{/U}}theNorthAmericanIndians producedriedmeatandmakeitintocakestheScandinaviansmake{{U}}?53 ?{{/U}}fishandtheArabsmakedrieddates.??Allfoods contain{{U}}?54?{{/U}}cabbageandotherleafvegetablescontainas muchas93%waterpotatoesandotherrootvegetables80%leanmeat75%and fishanythingfrom80%to60%depending{{U}}?55?{{/U}}howfattyit is.Ifthiswateris{{U}}?56?{{/U}}theactivityofthebacteria whichcausesfoodtogobadisstopped.??Nowdaymostfoodsare driedmechanically.Themostcommon{{U}}?57?{{/U}}ofsuchdryingis toputfoodinchambers.Thisistheusualmethodfordryingsuchthings {{U}}?58?{{/U}}vegetablesmincedmeatandfish.? ?Liquidssuchasmilkcoffeeteasoupsandeggsmaybedried {{U}}?59?{{/U}}pouringthemoveraheatedhorizontalsteelcylinderor bysprayingthemintoachamberthrough{{U}}?60?{{/U}}acurrentof hotairpasses.Inthefirst{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thedriedmaterialis scrapedofftherollerasathinfilmwhichisthenbrokenupintosmallpieces thoughstillrelativelycoarseflakes.Inthesecondprocessitfallstothe bottomofthechamberasafinepowder.Where{{U}}?62?{{/U}}piecesof meatandvegetablesarerequiredasinsouptheingredientsaredried separatelyandthenmixed.??Driedfoodstakeuplessroomand weighless{{U}}?63?{{/U}}thesamefoodpackedincanorfrozenand theyare{{U}}?64?{{/U}}toclimbersexplorersandsoldiersinbattle whohavelittlestoragespace.Theyarealsopopularwithhousewives {{U}}?65?{{/U}}ittakessolittletimetocookthem.Usuallyitis justamatterofreplacingthedried-outmoisturewithboiling water.
Thetrainstoppedabruptlymakinguswonderwherewewere.
Atthesportsmeetathletescompetewitheachotherforthegoldmedals.
OnAntibodies Substancesforeigntothebodysuchasdisease-causingbacteriaandvirusesandotherinfectiousagentsarerecognizedbythebodysimmunesystemasinvaders.Ournaturaldefensesagainsttheseinfectiousagentsareantibodiesproteinsthatseekouttheantigens抗原andhelpdestroythem. Antibodieshavetwoveryusefulcharacteristics.Firsttheyareextremelyspecific;thatiseachantibodybindstoandattacksoneparticularantigen.Secondsomeantibodiesonceactivatedbytheoccurrenceofadiseasecontinuetoconferresistanceagainstthatdisease.Classicexamplearetheantibodiestothechildhooddiseasesofchickenpox水痘andmeasles. Thesecondcharacteristicofantibodiesmakesitpossibletodevelopvaccines.Avaccine痘苗isapreparationofkilledorweakenedbacteriaorvirusesthatwhenintroducedintothebodystimulatestheproductionofantibodiesagainsttheantigensitcontains. Itisthefirsttraitofantibodiestheirspecificitythatmakesmonoclonalantibodytechnologysovaluable.Notonlycanantibodiesbeusedtherapeutically在治疗上toprotectagainstdisease;theycanalsohelpto.diagnoseawidevarietyofillnessesandcandetectthepresenceofdrugsviralandbacterialproductsandotherunusualorabnormalsubstancesintheblood. Givensuchadiversityofusesforthesediseased-fightingsubstancestheirproductioninpurequantitieshaslongbeenthefocusofscientificinvestigation.Theconventionalmethodwastoinjectalaboratoryanimalwithanantigenandthenafterantibodieshadbeenformedcollectthoseantibodiesfromthebloodserum血清Antibodycontainingbloodserumiscalledantiserum抗血清.Therearetwoproblemswiththismethod:Ityieldsantiserumthatcontainsundesiredsubstancesanditprovidesaverysmallamountofusableantibody. Monoclonalantibodytechnologyallowsustoproducelargeamountsofpureantibodies.inthefollowingway:wecanobtaincellsthatproduceantibodiesnaturally;wealsohaveavailableaclassofcellsthatcangrowcontinuallyincellculture培养.Ifweformahybrid混血儿thatcombinesthecharacteristicofimmortality永生withtheabilitytoproducethedesiredsubstancewewouldhaveineffectafactorytoproduceantibodiesthatworkaroundtheclock. Inmonoclonalantibodytechnologytumorcellsthatcanreplicate重复endlesslyarefusedwithmammaliancellsthatproduceanantibody.Theresultofthiscellfusionisahybridoma杂交瘤whichwillcontinuallyproduceantibodies.Theseantibodiesarecalledmonoclonalbecausetheycomefromonlyonetypeofcellthehybridomacell;antibodiesproducedbyconventionalmethodsontheotherhandarederivedfrompreparationscontainingmanykindsofcellsandhencearecalledpolyclonal.Anexampleofhowmonoclonalantibodiesarederivedisdescribedbelow. Amyelomaisatumorofthebonemarrow骨髓thatcanbeadaptedtogrowpermanendyincellculture.Whenmyelomacellswerefusedwithantibody-producingmammalianspleencellsitwasfoundthattheresultinghybridcellsorhybridomasproducedlargeamountsofmonoclonal骨髓瘤antibody.Thisproductofcellfusioncombinedthedesiredqualitiesofthetwodifferenttypesofcells:theabilitytogrowcontinuallyandtheabilitytoproducelargeamountsofpureantibody. Becauseselectedhybridcellsproduceonlyonespecificantibodytheyaremorepurethanthepolyclonalantibodiesproducedbyconventionaltechniques.Theyarepotentiallymoreeffectivethanconventionaldrugsinfightingdiseasesincedrugsattacknotonlytheforeignsubstancebutthebody’sowncellsaswellsometimesproducingundesirablesideeffectssuchasnausea恶心andallergicreactions.Monoclonalantibodiesattackthetargetmoleculeandonlythetargetmoleculewithnoorgreatlydiminishedsideeffects. WhichofthefollowingfunctionsdoneNOTbelongtoantibodies?
OnAntibodies Substancesforeigntothebodysuchasdisease-causingbacteriaandvirusesandotherinfectiousagentsarerecognizedbythebodysimmunesystemasinvaders.Ournaturaldefensesagainsttheseinfectiousagentsareantibodiesproteinsthatseekouttheantigens抗原andhelpdestroythem. Antibodieshavetwoveryusefulcharacteristics.Firsttheyareextremelyspecific;thatiseachantibodybindstoandattacksoneparticularantigen.Secondsomeantibodiesonceactivatedbytheoccurrenceofadiseasecontinuetoconferresistanceagainstthatdisease.Classicexamplearetheantibodiestothechildhooddiseasesofchickenpox水痘andmeasles. Thesecondcharacteristicofantibodiesmakesitpossibletodevelopvaccines.Avaccine痘苗isapreparationofkilledorweakenedbacteriaorvirusesthatwhenintroducedintothebodystimulatestheproductionofantibodiesagainsttheantigensitcontains. Itisthefirsttraitofantibodiestheirspecificitythatmakesmonoclonalantibodytechnologysovaluable.Notonlycanantibodiesbeusedtherapeutically在治疗上toprotectagainstdisease;theycanalsohelpto.diagnoseawidevarietyofillnessesandcandetectthepresenceofdrugsviralandbacterialproductsandotherunusualorabnormalsubstancesintheblood. Givensuchadiversityofusesforthesediseased-fightingsubstancestheirproductioninpurequantitieshaslongbeenthefocusofscientificinvestigation.Theconventionalmethodwastoinjectalaboratoryanimalwithanantigenandthenafterantibodieshadbeenformedcollectthoseantibodiesfromthebloodserum血清Antibodycontainingbloodserumiscalledantiserum抗血清.Therearetwoproblemswiththismethod:Ityieldsantiserumthatcontainsundesiredsubstancesanditprovidesaverysmallamountofusableantibody. Monoclonalantibodytechnologyallowsustoproducelargeamountsofpureantibodies.inthefollowingway:wecanobtaincellsthatproduceantibodiesnaturally;wealsohaveavailableaclassofcellsthatcangrowcontinuallyincellculture培养.Ifweformahybrid混血儿thatcombinesthecharacteristicofimmortality永生withtheabilitytoproducethedesiredsubstancewewouldhaveineffectafactorytoproduceantibodiesthatworkaroundtheclock. Inmonoclonalantibodytechnologytumorcellsthatcanreplicate重复endlesslyarefusedwithmammaliancellsthatproduceanantibody.Theresultofthiscellfusionisahybridoma杂交瘤whichwillcontinuallyproduceantibodies.Theseantibodiesarecalledmonoclonalbecausetheycomefromonlyonetypeofcellthehybridomacell;antibodiesproducedbyconventionalmethodsontheotherhandarederivedfrompreparationscontainingmanykindsofcellsandhencearecalledpolyclonal.Anexampleofhowmonoclonalantibodiesarederivedisdescribedbelow. Amyelomaisatumorofthebonemarrow骨髓thatcanbeadaptedtogrowpermanendyincellculture.Whenmyelomacellswerefusedwithantibody-producingmammalianspleencellsitwasfoundthattheresultinghybridcellsorhybridomasproducedlargeamountsofmonoclonal骨髓瘤antibody.Thisproductofcellfusioncombinedthedesiredqualitiesofthetwodifferenttypesofcells:theabilitytogrowcontinuallyandtheabilitytoproducelargeamountsofpureantibody. Becauseselectedhybridcellsproduceonlyonespecificantibodytheyaremorepurethanthepolyclonalantibodiesproducedbyconventionaltechniques.Theyarepotentiallymoreeffectivethanconventionaldrugsinfightingdiseasesincedrugsattacknotonlytheforeignsubstancebutthebody’sowncellsaswellsometimesproducingundesirablesideeffectssuchasnausea恶心andallergicreactions.Monoclonalantibodiesattackthetargetmoleculeandonlythetargetmoleculewithnoorgreatlydiminishedsideeffects. Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalse?
热门题库
更多
卫生类
综合类
国际货运代理师
报关水平测试
报检员
物流员(四级)
助理物流师(三级)
物流师(二级)
高级物流师(一级)
物流案例分析
单证员基础理论与知识
单证员缮制与操作
国际货运代理理论与实务
外贸综合业务
外贸外语
跟单员基础理论
湘公网安备 43130202000226号