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Although Paris is often considered the city of romance,close to a million adults who call it home a...
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高中英语《湖南省长沙市长郡中学2017届高考模拟试卷（一）英语试题 Word版含答案》真题及答案
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Therearemanyinternationalorganizationswhichworktosaveandprotectendangeredspecies物种andnaturalenvironment.Ifyouwouldlikemoreinformationaboutanyoftheorganizationslistedbelowyoucanwritetotheaddressesgiven.FriendsoftheEarthFOEcampaignsonarangeofproblemsincludingrainforeststhecountrysidewaterandairpollutionandenergy·FriendsoftheEarthInternationalSecretariatP.O.Box191991000G.D.AmsterdamTheNetherlandsGreenpeaceusespeacefulbutdirectactiontodefendtheenvironment.Itcampaignstoprotectrainforestsandseaanimalsstopglobalwarmingandendpollutionofairlandandseas.Italsoopposesnuclear核power.GreenpeaceInternationalKeizergracht1761016DWAmsterdamTheNetherlandsBirdLifeInternationalisanorganizationwhichworkstosaveendangeredbirdsallovertheworlD.BirdLifeInternationalWellbrookCourtGirtonRoadCambridgeCB3ONAEnglandWWF-WorldWideFundForNatureistheworld'slargestprivateinternationalorganizationfortheprotectionofnatureandendangeredspecies.InformationOfficerWWFInternationalAvenueduMont-Blanc1196GlandSwitzerland66.Ifyouwanttolearnmoreabouttheorganizationsyoucan.A.callthemB.writethemaletterC.visitthemD.sendthemane-mail67.BirdLifeInternationalisanorganizationtryingto.A.reducepollutionB.defendrainforestsC.protectoceananimalsD.saveendangeredbirds68.Ifyouopposenuclearpoweryoucanjoin.A.FriendsoftheEarthB.WorldWideFundForNatureC.GreenpeaceD.BirdLifeInternational69.WhatcanwelearnaboutWWF?A.Ithelpstoprotectnatureandsaveendangeredanimals.B.Itistheworld’slargestinternationalorganization.C.ItworksforprivatecompaniesandrichpeoplE.D.ItisaprivateorganizationintheUnitedStates.70.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.EnvironmentalProtectionOrganizationsB.GlobalTrafficProblemsC.EndangeredAnimalsD.NaturalBeauty
Evenwithlittleexposuretoculturalstandardsofbeautyinfantstreatattractivefacesasdistinctiveregardlessofthesexageandraceofthestimulus刺激物faceswritepsychologistJudithH.LangloisandhercolleaguesintheJanuaryDEVELOPMENTALPSYCHOLOGY.Intheirexperiment5healthy6-month-oldinfantsfrommiddle-classfamiliesviewedslidesshowingeightpairsofwhitemalefacesandeightpairsofwhitefemalefaces.Eachpairdisplayedfor10secondsconsistedofoneattractiveandoneunattractivefaceaspreviouslyjudgedbyagroupofmaleandfemalecollegestudents.Anexperimenterviewedtheyoungparticipantsonavideomonitorandrecordedthedirectionanddurationofeachinfant’sgazE.The35boysand25girlslookedlongeratbothmaleandfemalefacesjudgedasattractivetheresearchersfounD.Theirsecondstudyof6-month-oldinvolved15boysand25girlsmostlywhitewhosaweightpairsofslidesshowinganattractiveandanunattractiveblackfemaleaspreviouslyjudgedbybothwhiteandblackcollegestudents.Againthebabieslookedmuchlongeratattractivefaces.Finally19boysand20girlsall6monthsoldandalmostallofthemwhiteviewedeightpairsofslidesshowingthefacesof3-month-oldboysandgirlspreviouslyratedasattractiveorunattractivebycollegestudents.Attractivebabyfacesdrewsignficantlylongerlooksthepsychologistsreport.FurtherstudiesmustexplorewhetherinfantstakeattractivefacesasbestexamplesofafacetheinvestigatorsclaimLangloisandacoworkerrecentlyreportedthatattractivefacesmaypossessfeaturesthatapproximatethemathematicalaverageofallfacesinparticularpopulation.1.Whatwasfoundinthefirststudy?A.Maleinfantslookedlongeronlyatfemaleones.B.Femaleslookedmoreattractivethanmales.C.Sixty6montholdbabieslookedlongerattheattractivefacesmaleorfemalE.D.Whitefemalefacesdrewmoreattentionthanthoseofblackones.2.Inthelastparagraphthewriterimpliesthat.A.LangloisandherpartnerswillstoptheirexperimentstheyaccomplishedalotB.LangloisandherpartnerswillfocusontheotherfieldsofinfantsC.Langloisandherpartnershaveachievedsuccessinstudyingtheinfants’mindD.Langloisandherpartnershavefoundamoreinterestingfield3.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Allbabieswhiteorblacktendtosharewiththecollegestudentsthepreferenceforattractivefaces.B.Whitebabiespreferwhitefacestoblackones.C.Babiestendtogetinterestedintheattractivefacesoftheoppositesex.D.Beautyhassomethingtodowithaperson’sageraceandsex4.Thetitlethatbestexpressesthemainideais.A.PsychologyofInfantsB.BeautyinVarietyC.BeautyandRaceD.BeautyinInfants
D.TheeruptionofavolcanointheCanaryIslandscouldtriggeramega-tsunami巨大海啸thatwouldhitAtlanticcoastlineswithwavesashighas330feetscientistssaidonWednesday.TheysaidaneruptionoftheCumbreViejavolcanoonLaPalmapartoftheSpanishislandchainoffWestAfricawaslikelytocauseamassivechunk大块ofrocktobreakoffcrashingintotheseaandkickinguphugewallsofwaterhigherthananyotherinrecordedhistory.Thetsunamiwouldbecapableoftravelinghugedistancesatupto500milesanhourthescientistssaidinaresearchpapertobepublishedsoon.SimonDayoftheBenfieldGreigHazardResearchCentreattheUniversityCollegeofLondonsaidthatasthevolcanowasnoteruptingatpresenttheshort-termandmedium-termriskswerenegligible.ButCumbreViejashouldbemonitoredcloselyforanysignsofactivitysothatemergencyservicescouldplananeffectiveresponsehesaiD.EruptionsofCumbreViejaoccuratintervalsofdecadestoacenturyorsoandtheremaybeanumberoferuptionsbeforeitscollapse倒塌saidDaywhocooperatedontheresearchwithStevenWardoftheUniversityofCaliforniA.Althoughtheyear-to-yearprobabilityofacollapseisthereforelowtheresultingtsunamiwouldbeamajordisasterwithindirecteffectsaroundtheworlD.TheeffectswouldspreadnorthwestandsouthoftheCanarieswiththewestSaharabearingtheworstofthewave’senergy.TheenergyreleasedbythecollapsewouldbeequaltotheelectricityconsumptionoftheentireUnitedStatesinhalfayear.Immediatelyafterthelandslide山崩ahugewaveofwater93000feethighandtensofmileswidewouldform.Asthelandsliderocksmoveddeeperunderwateratsunamiwoulddevelop.Within10minutesthetsunamiwouldhavemovedadistanceofalmost155miles.OnthewestSaharanshorewaveswouldprobablyreachheightsof330feet.FloridaandtheCaribbeanthefinalnorthAtlanticdestinationstobeaffectedbythetsunamiwouldhavetobracethemselvesfor165-footwavessomeeighttoninehoursafterthelandslidE.WaveheightstowardEuropewouldbesmallerbutsubstantialwaveswouldhitthecoastsofBritainSpainPortugalandFrancE.TheresearchpaperestimatedwaterwouldpenetrateseveralmilesinlandandthatthedevastationwouldcausetrillionsofdollarsindamagE.76.Whatwouldbetheresultofabigchunkrockfallingintothesea?A.Waveswouldbeveryhigh.B.Thevolcanowouldstop.C.Wallsofwaterwouldkickupastorm.D.AnearthquakewouldtakeplacE.77.ThewordnegligibleLine3Paragraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A.unimportantB.smallC.predictableD.avoidable78.Fromthepassagewemaylearnthatthevolcanoerupts______.A.everyyearB.every5to9yearsC.every10to100yearsD.every5to10months79.AllofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPT______.A.futureeruptionofCumbreViejavolcanomayexperienceamassivecollapseWavesgeneratedbythelandslidecouldevenreachthecoastsoftheUnitedStatesThelandslide-releasedenergyisequaltohalfayear’selectricityconsumptionintheUSAmericanscientistshavemanagedtoutilizethevolcanicenergyforcivilpurposes
DWolvesareinthenewsthesedaysespeciallywiththecontroversial有争议的AlaskanWolfHuntingFestivalbeingafocusofpublicattention.Sincetheseanimalsaregettingmoreattentionintheouterworldtheymaybemorelikelytoshowupinyourinnerworldandmaytakeonmanyformsandhavemanymeanings.Wolvesliveinapack狼群andtheyhavealeaderaguidewhoisresponsiblefordirectingthepackandkeepingitsafE.Ifawolfappearsinyourdreamandyouhaveapositiverelationshipwiththewolfitmaysuggestyourownleadershipabilities.Wolvesindreamsmayalsomeantheneedfortrustingyourowninternalleader-thesofthowlfromthebottomofyourownheart.Whilewolvescertainlydohowlitistillunknownwhytheyhowlatthemoon.Thewolf’showisactuallyaformofcommunication.Wolvesmayhowlasaformofmakingfriendsorasawarningortoindicatethattheyarelastandneedhelp.Isyourdreamwolfhowling?Ifsowhatemotionsexistinthedream?Doyoufeellostandinneedofguidancedoyoufeellikeyou’velostyourpack?Doyoufeeltheneedtoletothersknowtheyarecrossingyourland?Orareyousimplyfilledwhitasenseofjoythatcanonlybeexpressedinahowl?Wolvescanbeexperiencedhuntersandoftenappearinfolkstoriesassomethingharmlesswheninfactitistheretodogreatharm.Arethereanywolvesinsheep’sclothinginyourlife?Oftenwehaveintuition直觉aboutpeopleorsituationsfeelingsthatthesepeopleorsituationsshouldbeavoidedbutweignorethembasedontheirharmlessouterappearancE.WolvesindreamscouldbesignsthattherearehiddendangersinyourlifE.Neverignoreyourintuitionbecauseitdoesn’tmakeanysensE.Yourintuitionexiststoguideandprotectyouanditcandiscoverawolflongbeforeitremovesitswoolensuit.53.WhydoestheauthormentionAlaskanWolfHuntingFestivalinthefirstparagraph?A.tosupportthemainideaofthetextB.tointroducethetopicofthepassageC.toshowhispityforthewolvesD.toprovewolvesaregettingmoreattention54.Whatdoesyourinnerworldrefertointhefirstparagraph?A.heartsB.feelingsC.thoughtsD.dreams55.AccordingtothetextwolveshowlforthefollowingreasonsEXCETP.A.tocommunicatewithotherwolvesB.toaskforhelpC.tosharehowtheyfeelD.toadmirethemoon56.Thepassageismainlyabout.A.wolvesandtheirbehaviorsB.explanationsofpeople’sdreamsC.differenttypesofwolfD.hiddendangersinourdreams
Animalscanmovefromplacetoplacebutplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattackitcanrunawayorfightback..Plantscertainlycannotrunawayandtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans.Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexampletheleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines刺thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach.Someplantssuchastheoaktreehavethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal'steeth.Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar毛虫bitesatobaccoleaftheleafproducesachemicalmessenger.ThismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotinE.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar.Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.A.certainplantinChinaforinstancehasprickly多刺的leavesandeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom毒液A.singleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuturE.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenoughB.likethelowerleavesonlyC.arenotcleverenoughD.cangetthelowerleaveseasilyTodefendthemselvesoaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeansB.physicalmeansC.bitterchemicalsD.sandymaterialsHowdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.ItsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattackeD.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimalsB.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefensesD.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeaves
CHaveyoueverpickedajobbasedonthefactthatyouweregoodatitbutlaterfounditmadeyoufeelveryuncomfortableovertime?Whenyouselectyourcareerthere’swholelotmoretoitthanassessingyourskillsandmatchingthemwithaparticularposition.Ifyouignoreyourpersonalityitwillhurtyoulong-termregardlessofyourskillsorthejob'spay.ThereareseveralareasofyourpersonalitythatyouneedtoconsidertohelpyoufindagoodjoB.Hereareafewofthosemainareas:1Doyoupreferworkingaloneorwithotherpeople?Thereareisolating使孤立jobsthatwilldriveanoutgoingpersoncrazyandalsointeractivejobsthatwillmakeashypersonuneasy.Mostpeoplearenotextremesineitherdirectionbutdohaveatendencythattheyprefer.Therearealsopositionsthataresometimesacombinationofthetwowhichmaybebestforsomeoneinthemiddlewhoadaptseasilytoeithersituation.2Howdoyouhandlechange?Mostjobsthesedayshavesomeelementsofchangetothembutsomearemorethanothers.Ifyouneedstabilityinyourlifeyoumayneedajobwherethechangesdon'thappensooften.OtherpeoplewouldbeboredofthesamedailyroutinE.3Doyouenjoyworkingwithcomputers?IdoseethisasakindofpersonalitycharacteristiC.Therearepeoplewhoarehappytospendmorethan40hoursaweekonacomputerwhilethereareotherswhoneedalotofhumaninteractionthroughouttheday.Againtheseareextremesandyou'lllikelyfindalotofpositionssomewhereinthemiddleaswell.4Whattypeofworkenvironmentdoyouenjoy?Thiscanrangefrombeinginalargebuildingwithalotofpeopleyouwon'tknowimmediatelytoasmallersettingwhereyou'llgettoknowalmostallthepeopletherefairlyquickly.5Howdoyouliketogetpaid?Somepeoplearemotivatedbythepaytheygetwhileothersfeeltoostressedtobelikethat.Thevarietyofpaymentdesignsinthesalesindustryisatypicalexampleforthis.Anywaytheseareagreatstartingpointforyou.I'veseenitoverandoveragainwithpeoplethattheymakemoremoneyovertimewhentheydosomethingtheylovE.Itmaytakeyoualittlelongerbutmakingamovetodowhatyouhaveapassionforcanchangethecourseofyourlifeforthebetter.49.Thispassagemainlytalksabouttheimportanceof_______.A.differentjobsB.personalitiesC.personalskillsD.job’spay50.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.IsolatingjobsusuallydrivepeoplemaD.B.Interactivejobsmakepeopleshyeasily.C.Extremepeopletendtoworkwithothers.D.Almosteveryonehasatendencyinjobs.51.Whatisthemissingwordaboutajobsearchinthefollowingchart?A.DesignB.SkillsC.CooperationD.Hobbies52.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.LifestylesandJobPayB.JobsandEnvironmentC.JobSkillsandAbilitiesD.PersonalitiesandJobs
ThequalityofdrinkingwaterinShanghaiwillmeetEuropeanUnionstandardby2010andadecadelatercitizensinShanghaiwilldrinkthebestwaterintheworlD.ThesewerethegoalssetoutbytheShanghaiWaterAuthority.Withthecity’spopulationexpectedtoincreaseonlyslightlyandtheeconomytoboomby2020ChenYinandofficialwiththewaterauthoritysaidShanghai’swaterconsumptionwillnotincreasefromitspresentamount.ZhangYuedirectoroftheUrbanConstructionDivisionundertheMinistryofConstructionsaidShanghaiisthefirstcityinthecountrytopublicizetheseambitions.TheywillnotbeeasytoachievE.HesaidwatersavingwillhelpkeepthesustainabledevelopmentofChina’seconomy.Savingonecubicmeterofwatermeanssavingthecity’sinfrastructure基础设施costsby10000Yuan.LastyearShanghaisaved300millioncubicmetersofwatereitherfromreadjustmentofindustrialstructureortheemploymentofnewtechnology.TheaimistoarousepublicawarenessoftheseriousnessofwatershortagesChensaiD.Theabundantsurfacewaterandamountofrainofthecityaresomisleadingthattheyresultinimproperuseofwater.Shanghailacksdrinkablewater.TheHuangpuRiverwhichsupplies80percentofthecity’sdrinkablewaterisnearingexhaustion.ThecitythereforehasbeenexploringnewsourcesfromtheYangtzeRiverandgrowingforestsalongittoconservequalitywater.BesidespenningregulationstheauthorityispopularizingtechnologyamongthepublictoefficientlycuttheamountofwateruseD.Atpresentthecityhas600000familytoiletseachusing13litersofwaterperflush.Thesearetoberenovated整修touseonly9litersofwaterperflush.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholds–atacostof40Yuaneach.Inthreeyearsallthetoiletswillberenovatedwhichsavesthecitynearly15millionYuaneveryyearinwaterconservation.Anothertaskthecityisengagedinisthetreatmentofsewage污水toimprovethewaterenvironment.Atpresentthecitycanonlytreat44percentofitsdaily5.04milliontonsofwastewater.Tomeetthetotaldemand27moresewagetreatmentfactoriesaretobeestablishedwithanestimatedinvestmentof18billionYuan.41.PeopleinShanghaigettheirdailywatermainlyfrom_______now.A.theundergroundB.therainC.theYangtzeRiverD.theHuangpuRiver42.Accordingtothepassagesomepeoplehavethewrongopinionofusingwaterbecause.A.therenovatingoffamilytoiletswillsaveplentyofwaterB.abouthalfofwastewaterhasbeentreatedalreadyC.advancedtechnologymakespeopleusewaterasmuchaspossibleD.thereisplentysurfacewaterandlargeamountofrainatpresent43.Theauthorityisrenovatingthefirst200toiletsforhouseholdsto.A.makepeople’slivingmoreconvenientB.improvepeople’slivingstandardsC.easeemploymentpressureD.meetthetotaldemandofwater44.Whichgroupofmeasuresareallmentionedinthepassagetosavewater?A.improvedrinkingwaterqualityB.changesomeindustrialstructureC.introduceorusesomenewtechnologyD.speedtheeconomicdevelopmentofShanghaiE.renovatesomefamilytoiletsf.buildmoresewagetreatmentfactoriesA.abcdB.bcefC.bcdeD.abef45.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.theboomofeconomywillneedalargeramountofwaterinthefutureB.citizenstodayinShanghaidrinkthebestqualityofwaterintheworldC.noteveryonetodayinShanghaiisawareofwatershortageD.allthefamilytoiletswillberenovatedtosavewaterwithin3years
七.阅读理解Atfirsttheearth’ssurfacelayer层wasmadeupofhugeblocksofhardsolidrocks.Thereslowlytherocksbrokeupintosmallerandsmallerpieces.Finallystonespebble卵石andgrainsofsandwereformeD.Manysortsofplantsandanimalslivedanddiedonthesurfaceoftheearth.Theirremainmixedupwiththestonespebblesandformedsoil.Theoutmostlayeroftheearthissoil.Therearemanywaysinwhichlargepiecesofrockbreakintosmallerones.Windwaterheatandcoldhelptobreakuprocks.Whenwindsblowgrainsofsandagainstalargerockforalongtimethesofterlayeroftherockareslowlywornaway.Theseleaveholesandcrack裂缝intherockwhichbecomebiggerandfinallytherockbreaksupintosmallerpieces.Themovingwaterofstreamsandriversalsohelptobreakuprocks.Asthewatermovesalongitcarrieswithitsmallpiecesofrock.TheserubthelargeronesThusthelargerrocksareworndowntosmallerpieces.Theheatofthesunalsohelptobreakinguprocks.Whenthesunshinestherocksbecomeveryhot.Iftheserocksaresuddenlycooledtheymaycrack.Icealsoplaysapartinmakingsoil.Waterinthecrackscanturnintoiceincoldweather.Asthishappensitbecomesbiggerandcracksbecomewiderandfinallybreakintosmallerpieces.1.Accordingtothepassagesoil_________.A.formsveryslowlyB.isamixtureofstonespebblesandsandC.makeupthelayeroftheearthD.isbecomingsmallerandsmaller2.Howmanyfactorsarementionedinhelpingtheformingofsoil?A.ThreeB.FourC.FiveD.Morethanfive3.Whichofthefollowingspeedsupthebreaksofrocksmost?A.HotweatherB.ColdwaterC.SharpchangsintemperatureD.Moredeadplantsinthecracks4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Theremainsofmanyplantsofanimalsformedsoil.B.Ifalargerocknevermovesitwillneverbreakup.C.Evenifalargerocknevermovesitwillbreakup.D.Iceinthecrackshelpstobreakuprocks.5.Thebesttitlforthispassageshouldbe________.A.SoilfromRocksB.WaystoBreakRocksC.SoilontheEarthD.SoilOutmostLayeroftheEarth
PITTSBURGH–Formostpeoplesnakesseemunpleasantoreventhreatening.ButHowieChosetseesintheirdelicatemovementsawaytosavelives.The37-year-oldCarnegieMellonUniversityprofessorhasspentyearsdevelopingsnake-likerobotshehopeswilleventuallyslidethroughfallenbuildingsinsearchofvictimstrappedafternaturaldisastersorotheremergencies.DanKaraispresidentofRoboticsTrendsaNorthboroMass.-basedcompanythatpublishesanonlineindustrymagazineandrunsroboticstradeshows.Hesaidthereareothersnake-likerobotsbeingdevelopedmainlyatuniversitiesbutdidn’tknowofonethatcouldclimbpipes.TheCarnegieMellonmachinesaredesignedtocarrycamerasandelectronicsensorsandcanbecontrolledwithajoystick操纵杆.Theymovesmoothlywiththehelpofsmallelectricmotorsorservoscommonlyusedbyhobbyistsinmodelairplanes.Builtfromlightweightmaterialstherobotsareaboutthesizeofahumanarmorsmaller.TheycansensewhichwayisupbutareonlyasgoodastheirhumanoperatorsChosetaddeD.SamStoverasearchtermmanagerwiththeFederalEmergencyManagementAgencybasedinIndianasaidsnake-typerobotswouldoffergreatermobilitythanequipmentcurrentlyavailablesuchascamerasattachedtoextendableroles.Itjustallowsustodosomethingwe’venotbeenabletodobeforeStoversaidWeneededthemyesterday.Hesaidsnifterdogsarestillthebestsearchtoolforrescueworkersbutthattheycanonlybeusedeffectivelywhenworkershaveaccesstodamagedbuilding.Stoveramongtherescueworkerswhohandledtheaftermath后果ofHurricaneKatrinasaidsnakerobotswouldhavehelpedrescuerssearchfloodedhousesinthatdisaster.Chosetsaidtherobotsmaynotbereadyforuseforanotherfivetotenyearsdependingonfunding.WhichinstitutionisresponsibleforthedevelopmentofChoset’srobots?A.RoboticsTrends.B.PittsburghCityCouncil.C.CarnegieMellonUniversity.D.FederalEmergencyManagementAgency.Chosetbelievesthathisinvention______.A.canbeattachedtoanelectronicarmB.canbeusedbyhobbyistsinmodelairplanesC.canfindvictimsmorequicklythanasnifterdogD.cansenseitswaynobetterthanitsoperatorsBysayingWeneededthemyesterdayparagraph7Stovermeansthatsnake-likerobots_____.A.couldhelphandletheaftermathofHurricaneKatrinaB.wouldhavebeenputtouseinpastrescueworkC.helpedrescuerssearchfloodedhousesyesterdayD.wereingreaterneedyesterdaythantodayWhatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Snake-likerobotsusedinindustries.B.Snake-likerobotsmadetoaidinrescues.C.Thedevelopmentofsnake-likerobots.D.Theworkingprinciplesofsnake-likerobots.
Theoceancontainsmanystrangeandsurprisingcreatures.Onesuchcreatureisthepufferfish.Thisverystrangefishisprobablythemostpoisonouscreatureintheocean.Thepoisonthatthisfishproducesis275timesmorepoisonousthanthechemicalwhichisusuallyusedtokillrats.Thepufferfishgetsitsnamefromthewaythefishprotectsitselffromenemies.Wheneveritisattackedthefishblowsupitsbodytothreetimesbiggerthanitsnormalsize!Anotherstrangethingaboutthisfishisthefactthatitcanswimlikeotherfish.Becauseitdoesnothaveboneslikeotherfishthepufferfishcanonlymoveslowlythroughthewaterasitiscarriedbywaves.Thepufferfishalsohasfunnyteeth.Theseteethstickoutofthefish’smouthandareusedbythefishtoopentheshellsofthecreaturesthatliveontheoceanfloor.ThisstrangeuglyandverypoisonousfishisactuallyaveryexpensivekindoffoodinJapan.TheJapanesecallthisfishfuguandpeoplehavebeenknowntopay$150perpersontoeatafugumealusuallyeightservings!VerybravepeoplewanttoeatthemostpoisonouspartofthefugufishonpurposE.Theythinkthatthispartofthefishtastesthebest!Strictlawshavebeenpassedtocontrolrestaurantswhichservefugu;howeverquiteafewpeoplehavestilldiedfromeatingfugu.Almost200peoplehavediedoverthepast25years.Whenpeopleeatfugupoisontheydonotdieonthespot.Firsttheyfeelastrangetickleontheirlipsandintheirmouth.Thentheycannotfeelanythingwiththeirfingers.Finallytheycannotmoveorspeak.DeathfollowswhentheycannolongerbreathE.Thepoisonmaytakeonlyafewminutesoruptosixhourstokillaperson.Thereisnoknowncureforfugupoisoning.Accordingtothepassagethepufferfish.A.isprobablythemostpoisonouscreatureintheworldB.isgenerallyconsideredtobethestrangestfishintheoceanC.isslightlymorepoisonousthanthechemicalusedtokillratsD.iswithoutdoubtadeadlycreatureifitisnoteatenproperlyWhydopeoplethinkthatthepufferfishisstrangewhenitisattackedbyanenemy?A.Itbecomesbigger.B.Ithasfunnyteeth.C.Itgivesoffpoison.D.Itcanswimswiftly.Theunderlinedexpressiononthespotinthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.A.nowandthenB.onceinawhileC.thenandthereD.soonerorlaterWhoisallowedtoservefuguaccordingtothepassage?A.TheJapanesegovernment.B.Licensedrestaurants.C.StrictlawyersinJapan.D.VerybravepeopleWhichisNOTasymptomoffugupoisoning?A.Havingdifficultybreathing.B.Havingnosenseoftouch.C.HavingnosenseoftastE.D.Havingtroublespeaking.
C.Willitmatterifyoudon’ttakeyourbreakfast?AshorttimeagoatestwasgivenintheUnitedStates.Peopleofdifferentagesfrom12to83wereaskedtohaveatest.Duringthetestthesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfastsandsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Scientistswantedtoseehowwelltheirbodyworkedwhentheyhadeatendifferentkindsofbreakfasts.Theresultsshowthatifheorsheeatsarightbreakfastheorshewillworkbetterthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Ifastudenthasfruiteggsbreadandmilkbeforegoingtoschoolhewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenmorecarefullyinclass.Theresultisoppositetowhatsomepeoplethink.Havingnobreakfastwillnothelpyouloseweight.Thisisbecausepeoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattheyeattoomuchforlunch.Theywillgainweightinsteadoflosingit.Youwilllosemoreweightifyoureduceyourothermeals.64.Duringthetestthepeopleweregiven.A.nobreakfastatallB.veryrichbreakfastC.differentfoodsorsometimesnoneD.littlefoodforbreakfast65.Theresultsshowthat.A.breakfasthaslittletodowithaperson’sworkB.breakfasthasagreateffectonworkandstudiesC.apersonwillworkbetterifheonlywasfruitandmilkD.girlstudentsshouldhavelessforbreakfast66.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.ItisbadforyourhealthtohavenobreakfastB.ToolittleforbreakfastandtoomuchforlunchmaymakeyoufatterC.Ifyoudon’teatmuchforlunchandsupperyoumayloseweightD.Themorebreakfastyouhavethemorequicklyyou’lllearninclass
Itissometimessaidthatstrangeflyingobjectshavebeenseenhighupinthesky.PeoplecallthesestrangeobjectsUnidentifiedFlyingObjectsUFO.TheseUFOscausedalotofinterest.SomeofthereportsaboutthemaredifficulttobelievE.Somehavebeenexplainedinscientificways.OthershaveneverbeenexplaineD.HereisanaccountofUFOsfromareport.DennisBurdenswhowroteanarticletellsusthatheoncesawaUFOhimself.HewashavingdinneronenightwithafriendnearTripoliLibyaandafterdinnerthetwomenwalkedacrossayardtohisroomtolookatsomepapers.Burdensnoticedthatthemoonlookedstrangethatnight.Itwasn’tthemoonwasthereply.Theywatchedthelightandsawthatitwasmoving.ItseemedtobeanobjectratherlikeabigplatE.Insomewaysitlookedlikesmokewithalightonitbutitwasn’tsmokebecauseitdidn’tchangeitsshapE.Itwasmovinginaregularway.Thatistosayitdidn’tgosuddenlyfasterormoreslowlyanditdidn’tgohigherorlower.Sothetwomendecidedthattheremustbemeninit.AfterthatBurdenssaidthathefelteyeslookingathim.Hewasbeingwatchedinthedarkness.Whenitwasnearertheynoticedthatthebottompartswerebrighterthanthetop.ThebottomwasyellowandthetopreD.ThentheobjectsuddenlyturnedawayandleftLibyamovingveryfast.OnalaterdayBurdenstalkedtootherpeopleaboutitandhefoundsomewhohadseenit.Theyalldescribeditinthesameway.Couldtheyallbemistaken?UFOsare_____.A.flyinghighupintheskyB.strangeflyingobjectsC.difficulttobelieveD.veryinterestedA.UFOwasseenonenight_____.A.whentheywerewalkingacrossayardtoBurdens’roomB.whiletheywerelookingatthelightC.whenBurdensnoticedthemoonappearingstrangeD.whiletheywerehavingdinnerTheUFOmoved_______.A.regularlyB.inachangeablewayC.slowlyD.fastTheUFOlookedlike_____.A.smokeB.alargeplateC.lightD.ajumpingobjectTheUFOwasseen______.A.byBurdensandhisfriendB.brighterinthedarknessC.byseveralpeopleD.tohaveayellowbottomandaredtopinthesameway
TheGUARANTEEONTHISWATERHEATERISINEFFECTONLYWHENTHEHEATERISINSTALLEDANDOPERATEDINACCORDANCEWITHTHESEINSTRUCTIONS.READTHESEINSTRUCTIONSTHOROUGHLYBEFORESTARTING.LOCATION:Selectalocationaccessibletowaterlinesandpowersupply.Donotlocatetheheaterwherewaterlinescouldbesubjectedto受影响freezingtemperatures.Itisrecommendedthattheheaterbelocatednearthecenterofgreatesthotwaterusagetopreventheatlossthroughthepipes.ELECTRICALCONNECTIONS:Beforeanyelectricalconnectionsaremadebesurethattheheaterisfullofwaterandthatthevalve阀门inthecoldwatersupplylineisopen.OPERATIONWhentheswitchisclosedtheoperationofthiselectricwaterheaterisautomatiC.ThethermostatsarepresettotheHOTsettingtoprovideawatertemperatureofapproximately120oFtoreducetheriskofbeingburnt.MAITENACEShutofftheelectricpowerwheneverthewatersupplyisturnedoff.Shutofftheelectricpowerwatersupplyanddraintheheatercompletelytopreventfreezingwheneverthebuildingisleftunoccupiedduringthecoldweathermonths.SERVICEThetrip–freedevicesonthisheaterwillcutoffallpoweriftemperatureofwaterisabove190F.Ifthereisnohotwaterafterareasonableperiodoftimecheckthemainfuse保险丝box.Intheeventthatthefuseshavenotblowncallaserviceman.72.Thelocationofthewaterheatershall___________.A.beclosetowaterlinesandpowersupplyB.besubjectedtolowtemperatureC.beinthecentreofthehouseD.havealongerdistancetohotwaterusagE.73.Beforeanyconnectionofpowermakesurethatonethingyouhavetodois_____.A.tohavetheheaterinthewaterB.toopenthecoldwaterinletvalvE.C.toshutoffthethermostatsD.toreplacewiringdiagram74.Whenyouarenotusingtheheaterinwintermonthsitisbetterforyouto________.A.havethetankfullofclearwaterB.draintheheaterC.toleaveituntouchedD.preventitfromlosingheat75.Whatwillhappentotheheaterwhenthetemperatureofwaterisabove190F?A.itwillcausedamageB.Itwillbreakoffautomatically.C.Itwillproducecoldwater.D.ItwillblowthefusE.
Sorrytosayourbrainspastorallystartslowingdownatthecruellyyoungageof30.Itusedtobethoughtthatthiscouldn’tbehelpedbutnewstudiesshowthatpeopleofanyagecantraintheirbrainstoworkfaster.YourbrainisalearningmachinesaysUniversityofCaliforniascientistDr.MichaelMerzenich.Giventherighttoolswecantrainourbrainstoactliketheydidwhenwewereyounger.Allthat’srequiredisthepracticedesignedjustforthepurpose:afewexercisesfortheminD.Merzenichhasdevelopedacomputer-basedtrainingmethodtospeeduptheprocess过程inwhichthebraindealswithinformationpositsciencecom.SincemuchofthedatawereceivecomesthroughspeechtheBrainFitnessProgramworkswithlanguagemadhearingtobetterspeedandaccuracy准确性.Overthecourseoftrainingtheprogramstartsaskingyoutodistinguish辨别soundsbetweendogandbogforexampleatanincreasinglyfasterspeeD.It’sabitliketennisinstructorsaysMerzenichhittingbalkatyoufasterandfastertokeepyouchallenged受到挑战.Youmaystartoutslowbutbeforelongyou’reprettyquick.ThebiggestfindinginbrainresearchinthelasttenyearsisthatthebrainatanyageishighlyplastiC.Ifyouaskyourblaintolearnitwilllearn.Anditmayevenspeedupwhileintheprocess.TokeepyourbrainyoungandplasticyoucandooneofamillionnewactivitiesthatchallengeandexciteyouplayingtabletennisorbridgedoingcrosswordpuzzleslearningalanguagE.Whenitcomestopreventingageingyoureallydouseitorloseit’ssaysBarbaraSahakianprofessoratCambridgeUniversity.67.Dr.Merzenich’strainingmethodmainlydependson______________.A.speechtrainingB.computerlanguagesC.theactivitiesonejoinsinD.theinformationbeingdealtwith68.Bysayingthebraintoanyishighlyplasticthewriterprobablymeansthebraincanbe___________.A.usedB.masteredC.developedD.researched69.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.PracticemakesaquickminD.B.Brainresearchstartedtenyeasago.C.Dr.Merzenichisascientistincomputer.D.Peoplebelievednothingcouldstopthebrainslowingdown.70.Whichofthefollowingagreeswiththewriter’sidea?A.ThetrainingmethodsworkbetterfortheolD.B.Peopleshouldusethebraintostopitfromageing.C.ThetrainingofthebrainshouldstartatanearlyagE.D.It’snecessarytotakepartinasmanyactivitiesaspossiblE.
BThefollowingsymbolshaveappearedonclotheslabelsforfourdecadeseachonechosenbyinternationalexpertsforitssimplicityandclarity.YetformostpeoplewashinginstructionsmightaswellbewritteninMartian.Accordingtoanewpollnineintenpeopleareunabletodeciphercommonsymbolsusedonclotheslabels.Eventhosewhohavemasteredthedifferencebetweenawoolandasynthetics化学合成物washadmitbeingbaffledbytheconfusingarray排列ofboxescirclesandcrossesusedtogiveadviceaboutdryingandbleaching漂白.Thefindingscomefromapollof2000peoplecarriedoutbyYouGovforMorphyRichards.A.thirdofpeoplesurveyedsaidthattheyrecognizednoneoftheseveralsymbolsshownwhiletheonlysymbolrecognizedbymorethanhalfofpeoplewastheironwithasingledot.Around70percentknewitmeantirononalowheat.Just10percentsignknewthesignfordonotdrycleanwhileonly12percentwerefamiliarwithdripdryonly.Despitethesexualrevolutionwomenarestillmoreknowledgeablethanmen.Awarenesswashighestamong18to29-year-oldwomen---forwhomtakingcareofclothesisclearlyimportant.ChrisLeverfromMorphyRichardssaid:ClothesCaresymbolsareauniquelanguageclearlyalanguagethatfewpeopleintheUKhavetakenthetimetolearn.Learningthebasicssuchaswhichiconrepresentstumbledryandwhichrepresentsnormalwashwouldgoalongwaytogettingthebestoutofclothes.TheHomeLaunderingConsultativeCouncilsaiditwasnotsurprisedtolearnthatpeoplewereunfamiliarwiththem.It'sdisappointingthatthereisalackofrecognitionbutit'sastorythat'srepeatedtimeandtimeagainsaidaspokesmanAdamMansell.Weareasmallorganizationandwedon'thaveabigbudget.①②③④⑤60.Womenknowmoreaboutthesecommonsymbolsthanmenbecause_________.A.womenhavethegiftofrecognizingthesesymbolsbynatureB.womenpaymoreattentiontotakingcareofclothesintheirdailylifeC.womenhavemuchtimetoknowaboutthesesymbolsD.womentakeadvantageofthesexualrevolution61.Whichofthefollowingcanberecognizedbythemajorityofpeople?A.B.C.D62.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTcorrect?A.Washingclothesisdamagingthemifwedon’tknowaboutsomesymbolsusedonclotheslabels.B.WashingclothesisalsoaculturedknowledgE.C.Moreandmorepeopledevotemuchtimetostudyingthesesymbolsusedonclotheslabels.D.ClothesCaresymbolsareauniquelanguagewhichfewpeoplespendtimetolearn.
Itissometimesreportedthatstrangeflyingobjectshavebeenseenhighupinthesky.PeoplecallthesestrangeobjectsUnidentified不明的FlyingObjectsUFOs.TheseUFOscausedalotofinterest.SomeofthereportsaboutthemaredifficulttobelievE.Somehavebeenexplainedinscientificways.OthershaveneverbeenexplaineD.HereisanaccountofUFOsfromareport.DennisBardenswhowroteanarticletellsusthatheoncesawaUFOhimself.HewashavingdinneronenightwithafriendnearTripoli的黎波里Libya利比亚andafterdinnerthetwomenwalkedacrossayardtohisroomtolookatsomepapers.Bardensnoticedthatthemoonlookedstrangethatnight.Itwasn'tthemoonwasthereply.Theywatchedthelightandsawthatitwasmoving.ItseemedtobeanobjectratherlikeabigplatE.Insomewaysitlookedlikesmokewithalightonitbutitwasn'tsmokebecauseitdidn'tchangeitsshapE.Itwasmovinginaregularway.Thatistosayitdidn'tgosuddenlyfasterormoreslowlyanditdidn'tgohigherorlower.Sothetwomendecidedthattheremustbemeninit.WhenitcamenearertoLibyaBardenssaidthathefelteyeslookingathim.Hewasbeingwatchedinthedarkness.Whenitwasnearertheynoticedthatthebottompartswerebrighterthanthetop.ThebottomwasyellowandthetopwasreD.ThentheobjectsuddenlyturnedawayandleftLibyamovingveryfast.OnalaterdayBardenstalkedtootherpeopleaboutitandhefoundsomewhohadseenit.Theyalldescribed描述itinthesameway.Couldtheyallthemistaken?60.TheUFOsare______.A.flyinghighupintheskyB.strangeflyingobjectsC.difficulttobelieveD.veryinterested61.AUFOwasseenonenight______.A.whentheywerewalkingacrossayardtoBardens'roomB.whiletheywerelookingatthelightC.whenBardensnoticedthemoonappearingstrangeD.whiletheywerehavingdinner62.TheUFOlookedlike______.A.smokeB.lightC.amovingobjectD.alargeplate63.WhentheUFOcamenearertoLibya______.A.itdisappearedallatonceB.itsuddenlyturnedawayandleftC.itwaswatchedinthedarknessD.Bardenswaslookingatit
BWeeachhaveamemory.That’swhywecanstillrememberthingsafteralongtimE.Somepeoplehaveverygoodmemoriesandtheycaneasilylearnmanythingsbyheartbutsomepeoplecanonlyrememberthingswhentheysayordothemagainandagain.Manyofthegreatmenoftheworldhavegotsurprisingmemories.A.goodmemoryisagreathelpinlearningalanguagE.EverybodylearnshismotherlanguagewhenheisasmallchilD.Hehearsthesoundsremembersthemandthenhelearnstospeak.Somechildrenarelivingwiththeirparentsinforeigncountries.Theycanlearntwolanguagesaseasilyasonebecausetheyhearrememberandspeaktwolanguageseveryday.Inschoolitisnotsoeasytolearnaforeignlanguagebecausethepupilshavesolittletimeforitandtheyarebusywithothersubjectstoo.Butyourmemorywillbecomebetterandbetterwhenyoudomoreandmoreexercises.41.SomepeoplecaneasilylearnmanythingsbyheartbecauseA.theyalwayssleepverywellB.theyofteneatgoodfoodC.theyreadalotofbooksD.theyhaveverygoodmemories42.Everybodylearnshismotherlanguage.A.attheageofsixB.whenheisasmallchildC.afterhegoestoschoolD.whenhecanreadandwrite43.Beforeachildcanspeakhemust.A.readandwriteB.makesentencesC.hearandrememberthesoundsD.thinkhard44.Inschoolthepupilscan’tlearnaforeignlanguagewellbecauseA.theyhavenogoodmemoriesB.theyhavenorecordersC.theyhavetoomuchtimeforitD.theyarebusywithothersubjects45.Yourmemorywillbecomebetterandbetter.A.ifyouhaveplentyofgoodfoodB.ifyoudomoreandmoreexercisesC.ifyoudomorningexerciseseverydayD.ifyougetupearly
SportsshoesthatfindoutwhethertheirownerhasenoughexercisetowarranttimeinfrontofthetelevisionhavebeendevisedintheUK.Theshoes—namedSquareEyes—containanelectronicpressuresensorandatinycomputerchiptorecordhowmanystepsthewearerhastakeninaday.A.wirelesstransmitterpassestheinformationtoareceiverconnectedtoatelevisionandthisdecideshowmucheveningviewingtimethewearerdeservesbasedontheday’sefforts.ThedesignwasinspiredbyadesiretofightagainsttherapidlyballooningwaistlinesamongBritishteenagerssaysGillianSwanwhodevelopedSquareEyesasafinalyeardesignprojectatBrunelUniversitytoLondonUK.Welookedatcurrentissuesandchildhoodoverweightreallystoodoutshesays.AndIwantedtotacklethatwithmydesign.Onceachildhasuseduptheirdailyallowancegainedthroughexercisethetelevisionautomaticallyswitchesoff.AndfurthertimeinfrontoftheTVcanonlybeearnedthroughmoresteps.Swancalculatedhowexerciseshouldtranslatetotelevisiontimeusingtherecommended推荐dailyamountsofboth.Healthexpertssuggestthatachildtake12000stepseachdayandwatchnomorethantwohoursoftelevision.Soevery100stepsrecordedbytheSquareEyesshoesequalspreciselyoneminuteofTVtimE.Existingpedometers计步器normallyclipontoabeltorslipintoapocketandkeepcountofstepsbymeasuringsuddenmovement.Swansaysthesecanbeeasilytrickedintorecordingstepsthroughshaking.Buthershoehasbeenbuilttobeharderforlazyteenagerstocheat.Itispossiblebutitwouldbealotofeffortshesays.Thatwasoneofmymaindesignconsiderations.66.AccordingtoSwanthepurposeofherdesignprojectisto____.A.keeparecordofthestepsofthewearerB.dealwithoverweightamongteenagersC.preventchildrenfrombeingattractedbytheTVprograms.D.preventchildrenfrombeingtrickedbyTVprograms67.WhichofthefollowingistrueofSquareEyesshoes?A.Theycontrolachild’seveningTVviewingtimE.B.Theydetermineachild’sdailypocketmoney.C.Theyhaveraisedthehotissueofoverweight.D.Theycontaininformationofthereceiver.68.Whatisemphasizedbyhealthexpertsintheirsuggestion?A.Theexactnumberofstepstobetaken.B.TheexactnumberofhoursspentonTV.C.TheproperamountofdailyexerciseandTVtimE.D.ThewayofchangingstepsintoTVwatchingtimE.69.Comparedwithothersimilarproductsthenewdesign____.A.makesitdifficultforlazyteenagerstocheatB.countsthewearer’sstepsthroughshakingC.recordsthesuddenmovementofthewearerD.sendsteenagers’healthdatatothereceiver70.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SmartShoesDecideonTelevisionTimeB.SmartShoesGuarantee保证MoreExerciseC.SmartShoesMeasureTimeofExerciseD.SmartShoesStopChildhoodOverweight
Beforeanewtypeairplanegoesserviceeverypartofitistestedagainandagain.Buttherearetwoteststhataremoreofintoimportantthantheothers.Thefirstiscalledthetanktest.A.modernairplanemustflyveryhighinthesky.AirmustbepumpedintotheplanesothatthepassengerscanbreathE.Themetalstructureoftheplanehastobeverystrongforthisreason.WhentheplaneisfilledwithairtheairpressesagainsttheskinoftheplaneinsidE.Thepressure压力onasmallwindowislikeahugefootthatistryingtogetout.Ifasmallpartoftheplaneweretofailtheplanewouldexplodeinthesky.Totestthestructureoftheplanetheplaneisloweredintoahugetankorcontainerofwater.Thenitisfilledwithair.Thepressureinsidetheplaneisgreaterthaniteverwillbewhenitishighupintheair.Finallythereisanexplosion.ThisdoesnotcausesomuchdamageinsidethewatertankasitwouldanywhereelsE.Engineerscandiscoverwhichpartoftheplanehasbroken.Thenthatpartismadestronger.Themostdangeroustesthappenswhenthenewplaneisgoingthroughtestflightsintheair.Thetestmustfindoutexactlywhathappenswhentheengines发动机areallshutoffatoncE.TheplanebeginstofalllikeastonE.Itisthepilot’sjobtofindouthowhecangetcontroloftheplaneagain.Thesetwotestsareexamplesofhowplanesaremadesafebeforetheyevercarrypassengers.Bydoingthetanktesttheengineerscanfindout____.A.theamountofairintheplaneB.thestrengthoftheplanestructureC.thepressureinsideandoutsidetheplaneD.thepoweroftheairplaneenginesWhatwillhappentotheplaneunderthetanktest?A.ItwillbebrokenB.Itwillbemadestronger.C.Itwillbefilledwithwater.D.Itwillbetestedbypilots.Accordingtothetextwhyaretestflightsmostdangerous?A.TheplanemayexplodeintheairB.ThepilotmaylosecontroloftheplanE.C.TheenginesmaybedamageD.D.ToomuchairmaygetintotheplanE.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.TwoImportantTestsonAirplaneB.TheImportanceofFlyingSafetyC.TheDangerofTestingAirplanesD.HowAirplanesAremadeandTested
Peopleturntomagic魔力chieflyasaformofinsurance--thatistheyuseitalongwithactionsthatactuallybringresults.Forexamplehuntersmayuseahuntingcharm咒语.Buttheyalsousetheirhuntingskillsandknowledgeofanimals.Thecharmmaygivehunterstheextraconfidencetheyneedtohuntevenmoresuccessfullythantheywouldwithoutit.Iftheyshootalotofgame猎物theycreditthecharmfortheirsuccess.ManyeventshappennaturallywithoutmagiC.Cropsgrowwithoutitandsickpeoplegetwellwithoutit.ButifpeopleusemagictobringagoodharvestortocureapatienttheymaybelievethemagicwasresponsiblE.Peoplealsotendtoforgetmagic'sfailuresandtobeimpressedbyitssurfacesuccesses.Theymayconsidermagicsuccessfulifitappearstoworkonly10percentofthetimE.EvenwhenmagicfailspeopleoftenexplainthefailurewithoutdoubtingthepowerofthemagiC.Theymaysaythatthemagicianmadeamistakeinrecitingthespellorthatanothermagiciancastamorepowerfulspellagainstthemagician.Manyanthropologists人类学家believethatpeoplehavefaithinmagicbecausetheyfeelaneedtobelieveinit.Peoplemayturntomagictoreducetheirfearanduncertaintyiftheyfeeltheyhavenocontrolovertheoutcomeofasituation.Forexamplefarmersuseknowledgeandskillwhentheyplanttheirfields.Buttheyknowthatweatherinsectsordiseasesmightruinthecrops.Sofarmersinsomesocietiesmayalsoplantacharmorperformamagicritetoensureagoodharvest.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatthewriterofthepassagemaybe_______.A.ahunterB.afarmerC.amagicianD.ananthropologistWhichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?A.MagicandHunting.B.MagicandFarming.C.WhyMagicWorks?D.WhyPeopleBelieveinMagic?TheunderlinedwordspellParagraph2mostlikelymeans______.A.magicwords.B.magicevents.C.wordsorexpressionsD.magicians.
Anannoyingproblemforhumanswholiketoboast夸耀aboutallthedistantplanetsandmoonswehaveexploredisthatwe'venevertakenagoodlookrightunderournoses.Theinsideoftheearthisrelativelyclosebuthowcanwegetthere?Thedeepestoilwellentersameresixmilesintothecrust地壳thecenteroftheearthisabout4000milesdeeper.RussianscientistsdugthedeepestholeinSiberiabutbottomedoutatabout7.5milesbelowthesurfacE.TheMoholeprojectaU.S.planinthe1950scalledfordrillingahole25milesdowntotheboundarybe??tweenthehardrocksofthecrustandthesoftmantle地幔.Sadlytheprojectinvolvedgovern??mentsupporting.Itgetsharderandhardertodrilldeepintotheearthbecauserocksgetsofterandsofter.Hardbuteasilybrokenatthesurfacerocksbecomeplasticatdepthandthepressurecausedbytheweightoftheoverlayingcrust—about52800poundspersquareinchatadepthoftenmilesmakesfurtherdrillingimpossiblE.Whatlittleweknowabouttheinsideoftheearthlikethefactthatthere'sacrustamantleandacorecomesfromindirectevidencesuchastheanalysisofearthquakes.Somaybeit'stimeforathoroughnewmethodtoexploretheearth'sinsidE.ScientistDavidStevensonsaysweshouldforgetaboutdrillingholes.Insteadweshouldopenacrack裂缝.StevensonsuggestsdiggingacrackaboutahalfmilelongayardwideandahalfmiledeepnotwithashovelbutwithanexplosiononthescaleofanuclearbomB.Nexthe'dpourafewhundredthousandtonsofmolten融化的ironintothecrackalongwitharobot.Theironthickerthanthesurroundingcrustwouldmovedownwardatabout16feetpersecondcarryingtherobotwithitandopeningthecrackdeeperanddeeper.Theironmasswoulddropforaboutaweekand2000milestotheouteredgeoftheearthcoretherobotsendingoutdatatothesur??facE.Stevensoncompareshisideatospaceexplo??ration.We'regoingsomewherewehaven'tbeenbeforehesays.Inallpossibilitytherewillbesurprises.Thisideacanprobablybeputin.thedrawermarkedwithIsn'tGoingToHappen.Therobotwouldhavetosurvivetemperaturesthatwouldmeltprettymuchanything.ButStevenson'sideamayinspireanewlookatanoldproblem.Greatthingscancomefromwhatseemslikeimpossibleideas.Goinginsidetheearthis________thangoingintospacE.A.moreinterestingB.morepossibleC.easierD.morechallengingHowdeephavewegoneintotheearthuntilnow?A.6miles.B.4000miles.C.7.5miles.D.25miles.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDavidStevenson'sidea?A.Itisaninspiringbutnotpracticalideanow.B.Itisapracticalproposalthathascomeintousenow.C.ItisagoodproposalthatwillsoonbeputintopracticE.D.Itisafalsetheorythatcannotbecarriedoutatall.Whatmightbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnAnnoyingProblemforHumansB.TotheCenteroftheEarthC.TheMoholeProjectD.DavidStevenson'sProposal
RichardSolo1800RechargeableBatteryInjustminutesadaypluginandchargeyouriPhonequickly!JustplugRichardSolo1800intoyouriPhoneonceortwiceadayforfifteenminutesandkeepyouriPhonechargedup.AtyourdeskoratdinnerplugRichardSolointoiPhonetoinstantlytransferchargE.Nomorebatteryworries.RichardSolowillchargeiPhonetofull1.5timesanditisgoodfor3-5yearsofrecharges.UsetheiPhonewhilechargingit.EvenchargetheRichardSolo1800andiPhonetogetheratthesametimE.TakeonlyonechargerwhentravelingandwakeupinthemorningwiththeRichardSoloandtheiPhonechargeD.RichardSolo1800islargestinitsclassandholdsitschargeformonths.WorkswithalmostalliPhonecases.Yoursatisfactionisguaranteedwithour30-dayreturnprivilegE.Ifyou’renotsatisfiedforanyreasonwe’llemailyouapre-paidreturnlabel.Actualcustomercomments:Tohaveyourcompanyexhibitsuchgoodserviceisunbelievablyrefreshing.—P.S.ThisiswhatIcallgreatcustomersupport.Iwishmorecompanieswouldfigurethisoutthesedays.Thankyousomuch.—D.C.YouhaveprovidedmeoneofthebestservicesIhaveeverseenonanyonline/telephoneshopping.—T.K.Youmusthavethefastestprocessingandshippingintheindustry!!—M.C.ThisisthebestcustomerserviceexperienceIhavehadinalongtimE.—L.L.I’vereadonlineaboutyouramazingcustomerserviceandImustsayI’mnowatruebeliever.—B.L.HowlongdoesittakethebatterytochargeupaniPhone?A.15minutes.B.30minutes.C.1.5hours.D.3hours.Whatisspecialaboutthebattery?A.ItisbuiltinaniPhonE.B.ItisthesmallestofitskinD.C.Itcanalsobeusedasacharger.D.Itkeepspowerforabout30days.Whomentionsthetransportingofthebattery?A.P.S.B.B.L.C.M.C.D.T.K.Thecustomercommentsonthebatteryaremainlyaboutits_______.A.qualityB.serviceC.functionD.shopping
第三部分阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下面短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C.D中选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑Weusedtogointodifferentchatroomsondifferentwebsites.Ifyouwantedtomeetsomeoneonthenetyouhadtogointothesamechatroom.ButnowregularnetsurferschatonOICQ.OICQisanonlinechatsoftwarewhichisinventedbyTencentComputerSystemCompanyofShenzheninFebruary1999.Sincethenithassweptthecountry.Itssymbolisapenguinwearingaredscarf.friendscanbedividedintoabuddylistforgoodfriendsastrangerlistforpeopleyouwanttoavoidonthe.Youcanalsobuildfamilylistsco-workerlistsetc.Youcanknowwhetherlistedfriendsareonlineaslongasyouuseit.Thecartoonportrait肖像画像ofthepersonturnsbrightifheisonline.Andtheportraitturnsdim灰暗的ifheisnotthere.Traditionalpublicchatroomsarechaotic.Itisdifficulttofocusonaconversation.OICQcanconductafocusedtalkwithoutinterruptionsbyotherchatters.OICQhasbecomearegulardailycommunicationtool.WhatisyourOICQnumber?hasbecomeamoderntopic.1.OICQis________.A.aspecialchatroomforallthecybercitizens网民B.acartoonportraittomakefriendsontheInternetC.anonlinechatsoftwarethathelpsyoutalkontheInternetmorefreelyD.amodernphonenumberusedbymoreandmorepeople2.Ifyoudon’twanttochatwithsomeoneyoucanputhimin_______withthehelpofOICQ.A.abuddylistB.astrangerlistC.familylistsD.co-workerlists3.Thepassagemainlytellsus____________.A.howtochatwithpeopleontheInternetB.howtouseOICQC.howtochoosearegulardailycommunicationtoolD.someadvantagesaboutOICQ
Themagnitude7.9quakestruckSichuanprovinceonMay12ataroundnoontimewhichmayhaveincreasedthehumandeathtollbecausemanypeoplewereatschoolandtheschoolbuildingsturnedouttobenotfirmenoughtocollapsebecauseofpoorconstruction.Morethan69000peoplehavebeenconfirmeddeadsofarandmorethan374000injuredwithfearsoffurtherdisastersbecauseseverallakescreatedbyrockfalldamsmaygivewayandcausesuddenflooding.ClarkBurchfielSchlumbergerProfessorofGeologyandLeighRoydenprofessorofgeologyandgeophysicsintheDepartmentofEarthAtmosphericandPlanetarySciencesatMIThavebeendoingextensiveresearchinthatregionofChinaandtheTibetanplateau高原formorethantwodecadesbuthadfoundnosignsthatsuggestedsuchalargeearthquakemightstriketheareA.Theteamoperated25broadbandseismograph地震仪stationsinthisregionofwesternSichuanformorethanayear.NobodywasthinkingtherewouldbeamajorearthquakeinthatareaRoydensays.Thisearthquakewasquiteunusualandmayhaveinvolvedasimultaneously同时发生的severebreakoftwoseparatebutneighboringfaultsshecontinueD.TheregionisextremelyunusualgeologicallyRoydensaysbecauseoftheverysteepslopesattheboundarybetweentheSichuanBasintotheeastandtheTibetanplateautothewest.Thealtituderisessharplybyabout3500metersmorethantwomilesoveraspanofonlyabout50kilometersabout30miles.TheareawherethequakeoccurredispartoftheboundarybetweentwooftheEarth'sstructuralplateswheretheIndianandAsianplatesmeetinanongoingcollisionthathascreatedtheHimalayanmountainsandtheTibetanplateau.ButincentralandeasternTibetunlikemostotherareasofcontinentalcollisionmuchofthemovementofcrust地壳ishiddenfromview.InsteadofthickeningtheentirecrustbyfoldingandfaultingthesurfaceoftheeasternTibetanplateauisnotdeformed变形的andisbeingliftedupwardbythickeningofaweakcrustallayermorethan15kmbelowthesurfacE.60.Whydidtheschoolbuildingscollapseintheearthquakeaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyhadtoolongahistory.B.Theywerepoorlybuilt.C.Theywerecrowdedwithstudentsandteachers.D.TheyweredamagedbytheearthquakE.61.BasedonParA.1whydoesthewriterthinkthatmorepeoplewillbekilledorinjuredaftertheearthquake?A.BecausetherewillbemoreaftershocksafterthemajorquakE.B.BecausemoreschoolbuildingswillcollapseafterthequakE.C.Becausedestructivefloodingcausedbyrockfalldamsislikelytooccur..D.BecausetherewasnotenoughmedicalcarefortheinjuredintheareA.62.Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A.Therewasnopredictionthatsuchalarge-scalequakemightoccurtherE.B.Researchershaddonelittleresearchinthatareabeforetheearthquakestruckit.C.The5.12earthquakewasthemostdestructiveintheworlD.D.IfmoreresearchhadbeendonethedestructioncouldhavebeenavoideD.63.Whichonecanbeusedasthebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheGreatDisasters.B.TheEarthquakewasveryfrightening.C.TheCausesoftheearthquakE.D.AnExtremelyUnusualEarthquakE.
Whileallmyclassmatesseentobecrazyaboutaone-waytickettoMars火星I’drathersayMarsistotallyunsuitableforhumanexistencE.Peoplewon’thaveenoughfoodsuppliesthereandtheterribleenvironmentwouldmakeitimpossibleforthemtolivealonglifE.Besidesthejourneywon’tbesafE.CananybodyexplaintomejustwhypeoplewouldgotoMarsnevertoreturn?SteveMinearUKHerearethethingsyoucanthinkof:thedesiretoexploreaforeignanduniqueenvironmenttheexcitementofbeingthefirsthumanstoopenupanewworldtheexpectationoffameandgloryForscientiststhereisanotherreason.Theirobservationsandresearchwillprobablyleadtogreatscientificachievements.DonalTrollopCanadaTherearealreadytoomanypeopleontheEarth.Ithinkthatsometimebeforetheendofthecenturytherewillbeahumancolony殖民地onMars.Itwillhappenwhenpeoplefinallyrealizethattow-waytripstotheredplanetMarsareunnecessary.MostofthedangerofspaceFlightisinthelaunches发射andlandings.CuttingthetriphomewouldthereforereducethedangerofaccidentssavealotofmoneyandopenthewaytobuildinganeverlastinghumansettlementonanotherworlD.EnoughsuppliescanbesentonaheaD.AndeverytwoyearsmoresuppliesandmorepeoplewillneedsandMarsisfarmorepleasantthantheotherplanetsintheouterspacE.PaulDavies.USAThemainpurposeofSteveMinear’swritingis.A.toreporthisclassmates’discussionB.toinviteananswertohisquestionC.toexplainthenaturalstateofMarsD.toshowhisagreementongoingtoMarsWhichofthefollowingbeststatesDonalTrollop’sidea?A.ThereisaplantosendhumanstoMars.B.TherearemanyreasonsforgoingtoMars.C.ScientistsbecomefamousbydoingresearchonMars.D.ItispossibletobuildanEarth-likeenvironmentonMars.PaulDaviespointsoutthat.A.humansneedonlyaone-waytickettoMars.B.two-waytripstoMarswillbemadesafesoonC.itiseasytoreducethedangerandcostofflightstoMarsD.itischeaptobuildaneverlastinghumansettlementonMarsWhatdoesPaulDaviesthinkofhumanexistenceonMars?A.HumanswillhavetobringalltheyneedfromtheEarth.B.HumanswillfindMarstotallyunsuitableforliving.C.HumanscanproduceeverythingtheyneeD.D.HumanscanlivelongerinthecolonyonMars
III阅读理解共20小题每小题2分满分40分阅读下列短文从每题所给的四个选项A.B.C.D中选出最佳选项ADodogsunderstandus?Becarefulwhatyousayaroundyourdog.Itmightunderstandmorethanyouthink.A.bordercollienamedRicorecognizesthenamesofabout200objectssayresearchersinGermany.Thedogalsoappearstobeabletolearnnewwordsaseasilyasa3-year-oldchilD.Itsword-learningskillsareasgoodasthoseofaparrotorchimpanzee黑猩猩.Inoneexperimenttheresearcherstookall200itemsthatRicoissupposedtoknowanddividedtheminto20groupsof10objects.Thentheownertoldthedogtogoandfetchoneoftheitemsandbringitback.InfourtestsRicogot37outof40commandsright.Asthedogcouldn'tseeanyonetogetcluesthescientistsbelieveRicomustunderstandthemeaningsofcertainwords.InanotherexperimentthescientiststookonetoythatRicohadneverseenbeforeandputitinaroomwithseventoyswhosenamesthedogalreadyknew.TheownerthentoldRicotofetchtheobjectusingawordthedoghadneverheardbeforE.Thecorrectobjectwaschoseninsevenoutofl0testssuggestingthatthedoghadworkedouttheanswerbyprocessofelimination排除法.A.monthlaterRicorememberedhalfofthenewnameswhichisevenmoreimpressivE.Ricoisthoughttobesmarterthantheaveragedog.ForonethingRicoisabordercollieabreed品种knownforitsmentalabilities.Inadditionthe9-year-olddoghasbeentrainedtofetchtoysbytheirnamessincetheageofninemonths.It'shardtoknowifalldogsunderstandatleastsomeofthewordswesay.Eveniftheydotheycan'ttalkback.Stillitwouldn'thurttosweet-talkyourdogeverynowandthen.Youmightjustgetabigwetkissinreturn!41.Fromparagraph3weknowthat_________.A.animalsareascleverashumanbeingsB.dogsaresmarterthanparrotsandchimpanzeesC.chimpanzeeshaveverygoodword-learningskillsD.dogshavethesamelearningabilitiesas3-year-oldchildren42.Bothexperimentsshowthat.A.RicoissmartenoughtogetallcommandsrightB.RicocanrecognizedifferentthingsincludingtoysC.RicohasdevelopedtheabilityoflearningmathematicsD.Ricowon'tforgetthenamesofobjectsoncerecognizingthem43.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Thepurposeoftheexperimentsistoshowthebordercollie'smentalabilities.B.Ricohasabettermemorypartlybecauseofitsproperearlytraining.C.TheBordercollieisworld-famousforrecognizingobjects.D.Ricoisborntounderstanditsowner'scommands.44.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?A.Totrainyourdog.B.Totalktoyourdog.C.Tobefriendlytoyourdog.D.Tobecarefulwithyourdog.
Youmightthinkthatglobalwarmingmeansnothingmorethanariseintheworld’stemperatureButrisingsealevelscausedbyithaveresultedinthefirstevacuation撤离ofanislandnation—thecitizensofTuvaluwillhavetoleavetheirhomelanD.Duringthe20thcenturysealevelrose8—12inches.Asaresult.Tuvaluhasexperiencedlowlandfloodingofsaltwaterwhichhaspollutedthecountry’sdrinkingwater.PaaniLaupepaaTuvaluangovernmentofficialreportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationsufferedanunusuallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.LaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocolaninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions导致温室效应的气体排放whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.ByrefusingtosigntheagreementtheUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluanstolivewheretheirforefathershavelivedforthousandsofyearsLaupepatoldtheBBC.TuvaluhasaskedAustraliaandNewZealandtoallowthegradualmoveofitspeopletobothcountries.Tuvaluisnottheonlycountrythatisvulnerable易受影响的torisingsealevels.MaumoonGayoonpresidentoftheMaldivestoldtheUnitedNationsthatglobalwarminghasmadehiscountryof311000anendangerednation.1.Thetextismainlyabout.A.rapidchangesinearth’stemperatureB.badeffectsofglobalwarmingC.movingofacountrytoanewplaceD.reasonsforlowlandflooding2.AccordingtoscientiststheDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis.A.greenhousegasemissionsinindustrializednationsB.highersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaC.continuousglobalwarmingD.risingsealevels3.LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot.A.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB.signanagreementwithTuvaluC.allowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD.believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal4.ThecountrywhosesituationissimilartothatofTuvaluis.A.AustraliaB.NewZealandC.theMaldivesD.theUnitedStates
ManisalandanimalbutheisalsocloselytiedtotheseA.Throughouthistorytheseahasservedtheneedsofman.TheseahasprovidedmanwithfoodandaconvenientwaytotraveltomanypartsoftheworlD.Todaynearlytwo—thirdsoftheworld’spopulationlivewithin80kilometersoftheseacoast.InthemoderntechnologicalworldtheseaoffersmanyresourcestohelpmankindsurvivE.Resourcesonlandarebeginningtobeusedup.Theseahoweverstillcanbehopedtosupplymanyofman’sneeds.Thelistofrichesoftheseayettobedevelopedbyman’stechnologyisimmensE.Oilandgasexplorationshavebeencarriedoutfornearly30years.ValuableamountsofmineralsexistontheoceanfloorreadytobemineD.FishfarmingpromisestobeagoodwaytoproducelargequantitiesoffooD.Thecultureoffishandshellfish贝类动物isanancientskillpractisedinthepastmainlybyOrientalpeoplE.Besidesoilandgastheseamayoffernewsourcesofenergy.Expertsbelievethatthewarmtemperatureoftheoceancanbeusedinawaysimilartothesteaminasteamship.Oceancurrentsandwavesofferpossibleuseasasourceofenergy.TechnologyisenablingmantoexploreevermoredeeplyundertheseA.ThedevelopmentofstrongnewmaterialshasmadethispossiblE.ThetechnologytoharvesttheseacontinuestoimprovE.Expertsbelievethatbytheyear2020theproblemsthatpreventusfromexploitingfullythefoodmineralsandenergysourcesoftheseawillbelargelysolveD.1.Themajorthingsthattheseaoffersmanare______.A.fishandoilB.mineralsandoilC.warmtemperatureandoceancurrentsD.thefoodenergysourcesandminerals2.Theseaservestheneedsofmanbecause______.A.inprovidesmanwithfoodB.itoffersoiltomanC.itsuppliesmanwithmineralsD.alloftheabove3.Wecanconcludefromthispassagethat______.A.thesearesourceshavelargelybeenusedupB.theseainthebroadsensehasnotyetbeendevelopedC.theproblemsthatpreventusfromusingthefoodmineralsandenergysourcesoftheseahavealreadybeensolveD.D.bytheyear2000thetechnologywillbegoodenoughtoexploitallthesearesources4.TheunderlinedwordsOrientalpeopleinthefourthparagraphprobablymean______.A.thepeopleinAsiaB.AfricanpeopleC.EuropeanpeopleD.Americanpeople5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis______.A.SeaHarvestB.SeaFoodC.TechnologyforExploitingtheSeaD.ManandtheSea
BNewfindingssuggestthatbrainycardgamessuchascontractbridgemaytemporarilyraiseproductionofakeybloodcellincludinginfightingoffillness.After90minutesofplaybridgeplayershadincreasedlevelsofimmune免疫cellsaccordingtoresearchreportedlastweek.A.researcherDiamondstudiedbridgeplayersfromawomen’sbridgecluB.Shechosebridgeplayersbecausethegameincludesskillsstimulatingapartofthebraincalledthedorsolateralcortex.Earlieranimalresearchsuggeststhatthispartofthebrainmayplayaroleintheimmunesystem.Thefindingsarebasedonbloodsamplesdrawnfrom12womenplayers.TheirbloodsamplesshowedariseinlevelsofwhitebloodcellscalledTcellsaftertheyplayedbridgefor90minutes.Tcellsareproducedbythethymusgland胸腺andusedbytheimmunesystemagainstdiseases.TheTcellcountjumpedsignificantlyineightofthebridgeplayersandslightlyintheotherfour.Thefindingscontributetothefieldofneuroimmunology神经免疫学whosenamereflectsthefactthatthenervoussystemandtheimmunesystemarenotconsideredseparateandisolatedsystems.Whatisn’tcleariswhetherthehelptotheimmunesystemfromanactivitylikecontractbridgeislastingortemporary.ItisalsonotclearwhethertheincreaseinTcellscouldfinallybetargetedagainstspecialillnesses.60.Playingbridgecanhelponetofightoffdiseasesbecauseitcan.A.raiseproductionofakeybloodcellB.makepeoplejoyfulC.aiddigestionD.makebreakawayfromthebadhabits61.Diamondchosetostudybridgeplayersfortheresearchbecause.A.theplayersaregoodfriendsofhersB.shelovesplayingbridgeC.thisgamestimulatesapartofthebrainthathassomethingtodowithimmunesystemD.sheisaclevermanagerwhooperatesherbridgeclubwell62.ATcelliscell.A.abrainB.awhitebloodC.aredbloodD.akindofdangeroushlood63.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothisarticle?A.Theimmunesystemandthebrainsystemusedtobeconsideredseparateandisolatedsystems.B.ThehelptotheimmunesystemthatisbroughtaboutbyplayingbridgecanlastforalongtimE.C.Cortexisakindofbloodcell.D.ThenewfindingsareimpossiblE.
ScientistsstudyingtheimpactofclimatechangeontheArcticneedtoconsiderwaystoreducetheirowncarbonfootprints碳排放量saysRyanBrookaresearcherwhoregularlyfliesnorthtostudythehealthofcaribous驯鹿.Hecallsonscientiststoshowleadershipbyexaminingandsharingwaystoreducetheimpactofworkinginpolarregions.TheimportanceoftheresearchisnotatquestionherE.ItisimportanttoourunderstandingofandadaptingtoclimatechangE.ButweneedtothinkaboutbetterapproachessaysBrook.Thisisanissueforallscientiststhoughpolarresearchersoftentravelparticularlylongdistancesusingcommercialairtravel.Wealsorelyextensivelyonsmallaircrafticebreakersandsnowmobilesallofwhichproducelargeamountsofcarbon.BrookstudiesthehealthofcaribouherdsinNunavutandNorthwestTerritories.Heworkswithnorthernwildlifemanagers.Thisworktypicallytakeshimnorthfiveorsixtimesperyearandwhenhecalculatedhisowncarbonfootprinthewasnothappywiththeresult.MyresearchfootprintsareaboutthesameastheannualfootprintsofanaverageTorontoresident.BasicallyIhavetwofootprints—myownpersonallifewhichismoderateandmyresearchfootprint.ClimatescientistscanrightlyarguethatArcticresearchisaspecializedfieldandthecommunityofscientistswhotravelnorthisrelativelysmall.EvenifallscientistsworkinginthenorthreducedtheircarbonemissionsitwouldnotmakeabigimpactontheglobalscalE.ForBrookit’stheoptionthatmatters.TherearewaysresearcherscanreducetheamountofcarbontheyusE.Somehelicoptersuselessfuelthanothers.Solarandwindpowerarealternativestogas-firedgenerators.Andwhilecarbonoffsets抵消don’treducetheamountofcarbonemittedtheyareaneasyfirststep.Therearen’tnecessarilyanyeasyanswersbutweneedtostarttalkingaboutitsaysBrook.ThisisparticularlyimportantforthenextgenerationofscientistsbeingtrainedandIhopetoseethembecomeleadersinthisissuE.WhatdidBrookfindwhenhecalculatedhisowncarbonfootprints?A.HiscarbonfootprintsaremorethantheannualfootprintsofaTorontoresident.B.HispersonallifefootprintsaremorethantheannualfootprintsofaTorontoresident.C.Hisresearchfootprintsareaboutthesameashispersonallifefootprints.D.Hispersonallifefootprintsaremorethanhisresearchfootprints.Brook’sopinionischallengedbythestatementthat.A.arcticresearchisveryimportantB.theArcticisaspecialenvironmentC.thefootprintsofArcticscientistsaresmallD.Brook’ssituationisacommonphenomenonWecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat.A.weshouldtakeactionsimmediatelyinsteadofjusttalkingB.it’seasytostarttalkingabouttheproblemofcarbonemissionsC.it’snecessarynowtopayattentiontotheproblemofresearchfootprintsD.thenextgenerationofscientistsaremoreinterestedinresearchfootprintsWhat’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Theimportanceofarcticresearchisnotatquestion.B.Climatechangebecomesworsebecauseofarcticresearch.C.Brooksuggestswaysofreducingtheuseofcarbon.D.Scientistsmustlookattheirowncarbonfootprints.
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