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请设计一节课的教案，达到以下目的。 ①学生能够听说读写关于餐桌礼仪的话题； ②培养学生运用英语的能力； ③引导学生理解不同地域的文化差异。
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请设计一节课的教案达到以下目的1．学生能够听说读写关于餐桌礼仪的话题2．培养学生运用英语的能力3．引
请设计一节课的教案达到以下目的1．学生能够通过组织乐队进行演唱来听说读写某些词汇2．培养学生运用英语
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舒尔曼认为专家教师具有哪几个方面的专门知识
ThepercentageofimmigrantsincludingthoseunlawfullypresentintheUnitedStateshasbeencreepingupwardforyears.At12.6percentitisnowhigherthanatanypointsincethemid1920s.WearenotabouttogobacktothedayswhenCongressopenlyworriedaboutinferiorracespollutingAmerica’sbloodstream.Butonceagainwearewonderingwhetherwehavetoomanyofthewrongsortofnewcomers.Theirloudestcitesarguethatthenewwaveofimmigrantscannotandindeeddonotwanttofitinaspreviousgenerationsdid. Wenowknowthattheseracistviewswerewrong.IntimeItaliansRomaniansandmembersofothersocalledinferiorracesbecameexemplaryAmericansandcontributedgreatlyinwaystoonumeroustodetailtothebuildingofthismagnificentnation.Thereisnoreasonwhythesenewimmigrantsshouldnothavethesamesuccess. AlthoughchildrenofMexicanimmigrantsdobetterintermsofeducationalandprofessionalattainmentthantheirparentsUCLAsociologistEdwardTelleshasfoundthatthegainsdon’tcontinue.Indeedthefourthgenerationismarginallyworseoffthanthethird.JamesJacksonoftheUniversityofMichiganhasfoundasimilarrendamongblackCaribbeanimmigrantsTellesfearsthatMexicanAmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmericanblacks—thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemiredinaseeminglystateofpovertyandunderachievement.LikeAfricanAmericansMexicanAmericansareincreasinglyrelegatedto降入segregatedsubstandardschoolsandtheirdropoutrateisthehighestforanyethnicgroupinthecountry. Wehavelearnedmuchaboutthefoolishideaofexcludingpeopleonthepresumptionoftheethnic/racialinferiority.ButwhatwehavenotyetlearnedishowtomaketheprocessofAmericanizationworkforall.IamnottalkingaboutrequiringpeopletolearnEnglishortoadoptAmericanways;thosethingshappenprettymuchontheirownbutasargumentsaboutimmigrationhearupthecampaigntrailwealsooughttoasksomebroaderquestionaboutassimilationabouthowtoensurethatpeopleonceoutsidersdon’tforeverremainmarginalizedwithintheseshores. Thatisamuchlargerquestionthanwhatshouldhappenwithundocumentedworkersorhowbesttosecuretheborderanditisonethataffectsnotonlynewcomersbutgroupsthathavebeenhereforgenerations.ItwillhavemoreimpactonourfuturethanwherewedecidetosettheadmissionsbarforthelatestwareofwouldbeAmericans.Anditwouldbeniceifwefinallygottheanswerright. HowwereimmigrantsviewedbyUSCongressinearlydays
假如你在英国某语言学校学习你的英语老师要你准备一篇发言稿就污染问题谈谈你的看法要点如下1工业污染的影响到处存在空气水土壤2人口的继续增长烟尘化学废料产生的后果资源枯竭污染环境3人们需要的是新鲜的空气干净的饮用水孩子们的健康4解决环境污染问题不能只靠政府5保护环境应从我做起注意1开头部分已写好只需接着写2除所给要点外可适当增加某些细节力求行文流畅3词数100左右LadiesandGentlemenYesterdayourteacherofEnglishaskedmetosaysomethingaboutpollution.NowIgiveyoumyviewsonthisvitalquestion...
身处教育实践第一线的研究者与受过专门训练的科学研究者密切协作以教育实践中存在的某一问题作为研究对象通过合作研究再把研究结果应用到自身从事的教育实践中的一种研究方法是.
Mostpeoplehavenoideaofthehardwork.Oneofthequestionsthatisalwaysaskedofmeis1Ibecameananimalcollectorinthefirst2.TheansweristhatIhavealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsandzoos.AccordingtomyparentsthefirstwordIwasabletosaywithany3wasnottheconventional"mamma"or"daddy"4theword"zoo"whichIwould5overandoveragainwithashrill6untilsomeoneinorderto7meupwouldtakemetothezoo.WhenI8alittleolderwelivedinGreeceandIhadagreat9ofpetsrangingfromowlstoseahorsesandIspentallmysparetime10thecountrysideinsearchoffreshspecimensto11tomycollectionofpets.12onIwentforayeartotheCityZooasastudent13togetexperienceofthelargeanimalssuchaslionsbearsbisonandostriches14werenoteasytokeepathome.WhenIleftI15hadenoughmoneyofmyowntobeableto16myfirsttripandIhavebeengoing17eversincethen.Thoughacollector’sjobisnotaneasyoneandisfullof18itiscertainlyajobwhichwillappeal19allthosewholoveanimalsand20. 第19空应选择
Goalchancescameandgoalchanceswent.Buttwooftheworld’shighestrankedteams—withsomeoffootball’shighestpaidplayers—couldn’tgettheballintothenet.AndtheywereplayingagainstsidesthatonlyjustmadeittotheWorldCup. WithtwodefeatsonedrawandnogoalsFrancecollecteditsnewesttitlesincerisingtothetopofthegamefouryearsago:TheworstdefendingchampioninWorldCuphistory. "I’mverydisappointedandit’stheendofabeautifulstory"saidaFrenchstrikerDavidTrezeguet."Thestorybeganin1998andendedtodayagainstDenmark." Francewonthe2000EuropeanChampionshipsandwasrankedthebestteamontheplanetbeforetheWorldCup. BesidesthegoalpostsandcrossbarsseemingtobeagainstthisunluckyteamFrance’sgameplanhasbeenthesameforfouryearssoopponentsknowitbyheart. SenegalanAfricanteamplayinginitsfirstWorldCupsurprisedeveryonebybeatingFranceintheopeningWorldCupmatchbeforeenteringthesecondroundsuccessfully.UruguayandDenmarkfollowedasimilarstrategytostopFrancecreatingadefensivebarrierandlaunchingmanycounterattacks. FollowingFranceArgentinabecamethesecondbignametotakeanearlyplanehomefromthisyear’sWorldCup. TheSouthAmericanswereexpectedtobecomeworldchampionsforathirdtime.Thiswasparticularlybecauseofanimpressivedisplaywhentheylostjustoneoftheir18qualifyingmatches. Theteam’s1-0losstoEnglandonJune7wasthebeginningofanightmarefortheplayers.Butevenafterthissurprisingdefeattheyneverthoughtthattheywouldbegoinghomesosoon. Buta1-1drawinArgentina’sfinalgroupmatchagainstSwedenmadetheunexpectedareality. TheplayersontheFrenchteam.
ThepercentageofimmigrantsincludingthoseunlawfullypresentintheUnitedStateshasbeencreepingupwardforyears.At12.6percentitisnowhigherthanatanypointsincethemid1920s.WearenotabouttogobacktothedayswhenCongressopenlyworriedaboutinferiorracespollutingAmerica’sbloodstream.Butonceagainwearewonderingwhetherwehavetoomanyofthewrongsortofnewcomers.Theirloudestcitesarguethatthenewwaveofimmigrantscannotandindeeddonotwanttofitinaspreviousgenerationsdid. Wenowknowthattheseracistviewswerewrong.IntimeItaliansRomaniansandmembersofothersocalledinferiorracesbecameexemplaryAmericansandcontributedgreatlyinwaystoonumeroustodetailtothebuildingofthismagnificentnation.Thereisnoreasonwhythesenewimmigrantsshouldnothavethesamesuccess. AlthoughchildrenofMexicanimmigrantsdobetterintermsofeducationalandprofessionalattainmentthantheirparentsUCLAsociologistEdwardTelleshasfoundthatthegainsdon’tcontinue.Indeedthefourthgenerationismarginallyworseoffthanthethird.JamesJacksonoftheUniversityofMichiganhasfoundasimilarrendamongblackCaribbeanimmigrantsTellesfearsthatMexicanAmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmericanblacks—thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemiredinaseeminglystateofpovertyandunderachievement.LikeAfricanAmericansMexicanAmericansareincreasinglyrelegatedto降入segregatedsubstandardschoolsandtheirdropoutrateisthehighestforanyethnicgroupinthecountry. Wehavelearnedmuchaboutthefoolishideaofexcludingpeopleonthepresumptionoftheethnic/racialinferiority.ButwhatwehavenotyetlearnedishowtomaketheprocessofAmericanizationworkforall.IamnottalkingaboutrequiringpeopletolearnEnglishortoadoptAmericanways;thosethingshappenprettymuchontheirownbutasargumentsaboutimmigrationhearupthecampaigntrailwealsooughttoasksomebroaderquestionaboutassimilationabouthowtoensurethatpeopleonceoutsidersdon’tforeverremainmarginalizedwithintheseshores. Thatisamuchlargerquestionthanwhatshouldhappenwithundocumentedworkersorhowbesttosecuretheborderanditisonethataffectsnotonlynewcomersbutgroupsthathavebeenhereforgenerations.ItwillhavemoreimpactonourfuturethanwherewedecidetosettheadmissionsbarforthelatestwareofwouldbeAmericans.Anditwouldbeniceifwefinallygottheanswerright. WhatdoesEdwardTellesresearchsayaboutMexicanAmericans
ActuallythoughAmericathe"landofimmigrants"hasalwayshadpeopleofmanydifferentnationalitiesandlanguages.The1990censusindicatesthatalmost14%ofAmericansspeakanonEnglishlanguageathome.Yetonly3%reportedthattheyspokeEnglish"notwell"or"notatall".Thatmeansthatslightlymorethanoneoutof10Americanscouldbeconsideredbilingual. Besidesthatmanyhighschoolcollegestudentsandevensomeelementaryschoolstudentsarerequiredtotakeaforeignlanguageasapartoftheircurriculum.InadditiontooldstandbyslikeSpanishGermanandFrenchmoreandmorestudentsareoptingforEasternEuropeanandAsianlanguages.Ofcoursenotallstudentskeepuptheirforeignlanguageabilities.Astheoldsayinggoes"Ifyoudon’tuseit."ButstillagrowingnumberofAmericansarecomingtoappreciatethebenefitsofbeingmultilingual. EthnicenclavesfoundparticularlyinmajormetropolitancentershavepreservedthelanguageandcultureofAmericanimmigrants.SomelocalresidentscanfunctionquitewellintheirnativelanguagewithouthavingtobotherlearningEnglish.RegionssuchassouthernFloridaandtheSouthwesthavenumerousSpanishspeakingneighborhoods.InfactSpanishspeakers—numberingover17million—composethelargestnonEnglishlinguisticgroupinAmerica.ButChineseVietnameseItalianPolishandmanyotherethnicgroupaddtothelinguisticflavorofAmerica.Foreignlanguagesaresocommonlyusedinsomeethnicneighborhoodsthatvisitorsmightthinktheyareinanothercountry! AlthoughsomeAmericanswelcomethislinguisticandculturaldiversityothershavebeguntofearthattheEnglishlanguageisbeingthreatened.Sincethe1980sthe"EnglishOnly"movementhassoughttopromotelegislationwhichwouldestablishEnglishasthe"officiallanguage"andrestricttheuseofnonEnglishlanguage.HoweversomegroupsincludingTESOLtheorganizationforTeachersofEnglishtoSpeakersofOtherLanguageobjecttosuch"languagerestrictionism".Theirviewknownas"EnglishPlus"suggeststhatAmericansshouldhaverespectforpeople’snativelanguageandhelpthemfitintothemainstreamofsociety.Butsofar19stateshavepassedEnglishOnlylegislationandthetopicisthefocusofanongoingdebate. WhetherornotEnglishistheofficiallanguageoftheUnitedStatesitremainsthe"languageofwidercommunication".NearlyeveryonerecognizestheneedtodevelopproficiencyinEnglishinordertodowellinAmerica.TohelpthosewhowanttobrushupontheirEnglishskillsEnglishasaSecondLanguageESLclassesaround.CitieswithlargenumbersofrecentimmigrantsoftensetupbilingualeducationprogramstoteachstudentscontentsubjectsintheirnativelanguagewhiletheyimprovetheirEnglish.Languageeducatorsoftenhavestronganddivergentviewsastowhichapproachhelpslearnersachievebetterresults:abilingualapproachanESLapproachorevenapureimmersion"sinkorswim"approach.Howeveralltheseteachersshareacommoncommitment:tohelpstudentsfunctionwellinEnglish. AmericansrecognizethatEnglishistheinternationallanguageandpeoplewithgoodEnglishskillscangetbyinmanyinternationalsettings.Ontheotherhandinaworldgrowingincreasinglysmallersecondlanguageskillscanbeagreatfavor.Theycanbuildcrossculturalbridgesandgivepeopleanedgeinavarietyofcareerfield.Indeedlackofforeignlanguageproficiencycanlimitone’schancesforadvancementandkeeponeinaculturaldeadendstreet.AsmanypeopleinAmericaarediscoveringbeingmonolingualisnolaughingmatter. Foreignlanguagesarecommonlyusedinsomeethnicneighborhoodsbecause.
Idon'tknowifhetomorrow.Ifhetomorrowpleaseringmeup.
ThepercentageofimmigrantsincludingthoseunlawfullypresentintheUnitedStateshasbeencreepingupwardforyears.At12.6percentitisnowhigherthanatanypointsincethemid1920s.WearenotabouttogobacktothedayswhenCongressopenlyworriedaboutinferiorracespollutingAmerica’sbloodstream.Butonceagainwearewonderingwhetherwehavetoomanyofthewrongsortofnewcomers.Theirloudestcitesarguethatthenewwaveofimmigrantscannotandindeeddonotwanttofitinaspreviousgenerationsdid. Wenowknowthattheseracistviewswerewrong.IntimeItaliansRomaniansandmembersofothersocalledinferiorracesbecameexemplaryAmericansandcontributedgreatlyinwaystoonumeroustodetailtothebuildingofthismagnificentnation.Thereisnoreasonwhythesenewimmigrantsshouldnothavethesamesuccess. AlthoughchildrenofMexicanimmigrantsdobetterintermsofeducationalandprofessionalattainmentthantheirparentsUCLAsociologistEdwardTelleshasfoundthatthegainsdon’tcontinue.Indeedthefourthgenerationismarginallyworseoffthanthethird.JamesJacksonoftheUniversityofMichiganhasfoundasimilarrendamongblackCaribbeanimmigrantsTellesfearsthatMexicanAmericansmaybefatedtofollowinthefootstepsofAmericanblacks—thatlargepartsofthecommunitymaybecomemiredinaseeminglystateofpovertyandunderachievement.LikeAfricanAmericansMexicanAmericansareincreasinglyrelegatedto降入segregatedsubstandardschoolsandtheirdropoutrateisthehighestforanyethnicgroupinthecountry. Wehavelearnedmuchaboutthefoolishideaofexcludingpeopleonthepresumptionoftheethnic/racialinferiority.ButwhatwehavenotyetlearnedishowtomaketheprocessofAmericanizationworkforall.IamnottalkingaboutrequiringpeopletolearnEnglishortoadoptAmericanways;thosethingshappenprettymuchontheirownbutasargumentsaboutimmigrationhearupthecampaigntrailwealsooughttoasksomebroaderquestionaboutassimilationabouthowtoensurethatpeopleonceoutsidersdon’tforeverremainmarginalizedwithintheseshores. Thatisamuchlargerquestionthanwhatshouldhappenwithundocumentedworkersorhowbesttosecuretheborderanditisonethataffectsnotonlynewcomersbutgroupsthathavebeenhereforgenerations.ItwillhavemoreimpactonourfuturethanwherewedecidetosettheadmissionsbarforthelatestwareofwouldbeAmericans.Anditwouldbeniceifwefinallygottheanswerright. Accordingtotheauthortheburningissueconcerningimmigrationis.
Withoutanyhesitationshetookoffhershoesupherskirtandsplashedacrossthestream.
Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydayliveswementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexamplewemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarianwhetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesmanwhethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreaderandsoon. Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounterandchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscanatveryhighspeedassumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothersmostofusperformitrathereffortlessly. Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimitsthebuyerchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyfitaswellasbyourpocketbook.Havingmadeachoicefromminoradjustmentswetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreschoiceamongthemislimited. BysayingthatanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprincethewritermeans.
RandyKrauswasparalyzed.Hisleftsidewasuseless.Buthisrighthandwas1enoughtoliftabuckettohisforehead.Oncehe’dbeenapoliceofficerandownedaprivate-eyeagency.Oncehe’dbeenstrongandable.Nowhefelthewasnothing. His2startedwithParkinson’sdiseasebutitdidn’t3there.InJuly2002the60yearoldKrauswentintothehospitalforanoperationtocontroltheshaking.4duringtheoperationhehadastroke.Hewasparalyzed.The5manwholovedgolfcouldthinkbutcouldn’t6.Krauswantedthedoctorsto7ittohimstraight."Youmayneverwalkagain"theytoldhim."Maybeyouwon’t8beabletotalk." Onceathomehe9hecouldn’tliftaforkortakeadrinkbyhimself.Physicaltreatmentwassopainfulandslow.Whatdidhehaveto10forSonowKrausheldthegunagainsthishead.11thecoldmetalonhisskinhebegantoconsidernothispainbutthepainhe12causehiswifedaughtersandgrandchildren.Hedidn’tpullthetrigger. "Youarewhereyouare"hisexercisephysiologistAndrewGarudtoldhim."Thepacewouldbeslow;thepainwouldbe13.Butaslongasyouare14youhavetheabilitytogetbetter."Afterthreemonthsof15withGarudKrauswantedtoseeifhecould16.Hecould.Thenhetookthreestepssatdownandcriedlikeababy.Onestep17toanother.Nexthemanagedashortwalk.Itwasthehardest18ofKraus’slife. Garudkeptsayinghecould19more.NowKrauscanbrushhisteethshavehimselfandgetaroundthehousewithawalker.Littlesuccessonlytheparalyzedcan20understand. 1.
I'dhisreputationwithotherfarmersandbusinesspeopleinthecommunityandthenmakeadecisionaboutwhetherornottoapprovealoan.
Themeaningofthesentenceis;youcaninterpretitinseveralways.
Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingso.Andfortunatelythenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranchesandtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway. Firstlypruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshavedesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheightandatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondlypruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutoutdiseasedordeadwoodorbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair. Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseasebutitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordiesothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducethatriskofdeathasfaraspossible.Itisimportanttomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandcleanforhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthematerialsavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinterforthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetreeclearlywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappenitisofcourseimpossibletopaintthemproperly. Agoodgardenerprunesatree.
反映一个国家配合政治经济科技体制而确定下来的学校办学形式层次结构组织管理等相对稳定的运行模式和规定是.
Someresearchersfeelthatcertainpeoplehavenervoussystemsparticularlytohotdrywinds.Theyarewhatwecallweathersensitivepeople.
马克思主义认为造就全面发展的人的途径和方法是.
Goalchancescameandgoalchanceswent.Buttwooftheworld’shighestrankedteams—withsomeoffootball’shighestpaidplayers—couldn’tgettheballintothenet.AndtheywereplayingagainstsidesthatonlyjustmadeittotheWorldCup. WithtwodefeatsonedrawandnogoalsFrancecollecteditsnewesttitlesincerisingtothetopofthegamefouryearsago:TheworstdefendingchampioninWorldCuphistory. "I’mverydisappointedandit’stheendofabeautifulstory"saidaFrenchstrikerDavidTrezeguet."Thestorybeganin1998andendedtodayagainstDenmark." Francewonthe2000EuropeanChampionshipsandwasrankedthebestteamontheplanetbeforetheWorldCup. BesidesthegoalpostsandcrossbarsseemingtobeagainstthisunluckyteamFrance’sgameplanhasbeenthesameforfouryearssoopponentsknowitbyheart. SenegalanAfricanteamplayinginitsfirstWorldCupsurprisedeveryonebybeatingFranceintheopeningWorldCupmatchbeforeenteringthesecondroundsuccessfully.UruguayandDenmarkfollowedasimilarstrategytostopFrancecreatingadefensivebarrierandlaunchingmanycounterattacks. FollowingFranceArgentinabecamethesecondbignametotakeanearlyplanehomefromthisyear’sWorldCup. TheSouthAmericanswereexpectedtobecomeworldchampionsforathirdtime.Thiswasparticularlybecauseofanimpressivedisplaywhentheylostjustoneoftheir18qualifyingmatches. Theteam’s1-0losstoEnglandonJune7wasthebeginningofanightmarefortheplayers.Butevenafterthissurprisingdefeattheyneverthoughtthattheywouldbegoinghomesosoon. Buta1-1drawinArgentina’sfinalgroupmatchagainstSwedenmadetheunexpectedareality. Argentinawasexpectedtobecomeworldchampionsbecause.
RandyKrauswasparalyzed.Hisleftsidewasuseless.Buthisrighthandwas1enoughtoliftabuckettohisforehead.Oncehe’dbeenapoliceofficerandownedaprivate-eyeagency.Oncehe’dbeenstrongandable.Nowhefelthewasnothing. His2startedwithParkinson’sdiseasebutitdidn’t3there.InJuly2002the60yearoldKrauswentintothehospitalforanoperationtocontroltheshaking.4duringtheoperationhehadastroke.Hewasparalyzed.The5manwholovedgolfcouldthinkbutcouldn’t6.Krauswantedthedoctorsto7ittohimstraight."Youmayneverwalkagain"theytoldhim."Maybeyouwon’t8beabletotalk." Onceathomehe9hecouldn’tliftaforkortakeadrinkbyhimself.Physicaltreatmentwassopainfulandslow.Whatdidhehaveto10forSonowKrausheldthegunagainsthishead.11thecoldmetalonhisskinhebegantoconsidernothispainbutthepainhe12causehiswifedaughtersandgrandchildren.Hedidn’tpullthetrigger. "Youarewhereyouare"hisexercisephysiologistAndrewGarudtoldhim."Thepacewouldbeslow;thepainwouldbe13.Butaslongasyouare14youhavetheabilitytogetbetter."Afterthreemonthsof15withGarudKrauswantedtoseeifhecould16.Hecould.Thenhetookthreestepssatdownandcriedlikeababy.Onestep17toanother.Nexthemanagedashortwalk.Itwasthehardest18ofKraus’slife. Garudkeptsayinghecould19more.NowKrauscanbrushhisteethshavehimselfandgetaroundthehousewithawalker.Littlesuccessonlytheparalyzedcan20understand. 3.
Goalchancescameandgoalchanceswent.Buttwooftheworld’shighestrankedteams—withsomeoffootball’shighestpaidplayers—couldn’tgettheballintothenet.AndtheywereplayingagainstsidesthatonlyjustmadeittotheWorldCup. WithtwodefeatsonedrawandnogoalsFrancecollecteditsnewesttitlesincerisingtothetopofthegamefouryearsago:TheworstdefendingchampioninWorldCuphistory. "I’mverydisappointedandit’stheendofabeautifulstory"saidaFrenchstrikerDavidTrezeguet."Thestorybeganin1998andendedtodayagainstDenmark." Francewonthe2000EuropeanChampionshipsandwasrankedthebestteamontheplanetbeforetheWorldCup. BesidesthegoalpostsandcrossbarsseemingtobeagainstthisunluckyteamFrance’sgameplanhasbeenthesameforfouryearssoopponentsknowitbyheart. SenegalanAfricanteamplayinginitsfirstWorldCupsurprisedeveryonebybeatingFranceintheopeningWorldCupmatchbeforeenteringthesecondroundsuccessfully.UruguayandDenmarkfollowedasimilarstrategytostopFrancecreatingadefensivebarrierandlaunchingmanycounterattacks. FollowingFranceArgentinabecamethesecondbignametotakeanearlyplanehomefromthisyear’sWorldCup. TheSouthAmericanswereexpectedtobecomeworldchampionsforathirdtime.Thiswasparticularlybecauseofanimpressivedisplaywhentheylostjustoneoftheir18qualifyingmatches. Theteam’s1-0losstoEnglandonJune7wasthebeginningofanightmarefortheplayers.Butevenafterthissurprisingdefeattheyneverthoughtthattheywouldbegoinghomesosoon. Buta1-1drawinArgentina’sfinalgroupmatchagainstSwedenmadetheunexpectedareality. Fromthepassageweknow.
Treesshouldonlybeprunedwhenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingso.Andfortunatelythenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvesthecuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranchesandtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreetogrowinitsownway. Firstlypruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshavedesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheightandatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondlypruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutoutdiseasedordeadwoodorbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausewounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingbranchesthatareblockingupthecenterandsopreventingthefreemovementofair. Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwoundisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseasebutitisawoundthatwillheal.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordiesothatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducethatriskofdeathasfaraspossible.Itisimportanttomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandcleanforhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetodryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthematerialsavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinterforthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetreeclearlywithoutinterferencefromtheleavesandalsoitisveryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappenitisofcourseimpossibletopaintthemproperly. Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener.
Whoisitupdecidewhethertogoornot
Mostpeoplehavenoideaofthehardwork.Oneofthequestionsthatisalwaysaskedofmeis1Ibecameananimalcollectorinthefirst2.TheansweristhatIhavealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsandzoos.AccordingtomyparentsthefirstwordIwasabletosaywithany3wasnottheconventional"mamma"or"daddy"4theword"zoo"whichIwould5overandoveragainwithashrill6untilsomeoneinorderto7meupwouldtakemetothezoo.WhenI8alittleolderwelivedinGreeceandIhadagreat9ofpetsrangingfromowlstoseahorsesandIspentallmysparetime10thecountrysideinsearchoffreshspecimensto11tomycollectionofpets.12onIwentforayeartotheCityZooasastudent13togetexperienceofthelargeanimalssuchaslionsbearsbisonandostriches14werenoteasytokeepathome.WhenIleftI15hadenoughmoneyofmyowntobeableto16myfirsttripandIhavebeengoing17eversincethen.Thoughacollector’sjobisnotaneasyoneandisfullof18itiscertainlyajobwhichwillappeal19allthosewholoveanimalsand20. 第15空应选择
Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydayliveswementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexamplewemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarianwhetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesmanwhethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreaderandsoon. Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounterandchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscanatveryhighspeedassumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothersmostofusperformitrathereffortlessly. Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimitsthebuyerchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyfitaswellasbyourpocketbook.Havingmadeachoicefromminoradjustmentswetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreschoiceamongthemislimited. Thewordappraisalmostprobablymeans.
Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydayliveswementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermsoftheirstatuses.Forexamplewemustjudgewhetherthepersoninthelibraryisareaderoralibrarianwhetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesmanwhethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreaderandsoon. Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounterandchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscanatveryhighspeedassumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothersmostofusperformitrathereffortlessly. Astatushasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimitsthebuyerchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyfitaswellasbyourpocketbook.Havingmadeachoicefromminoradjustmentswetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreschoiceamongthemislimited. Inthefirstparagraphthewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus.
Mostpeoplehavenoideaofthehardwork.Oneofthequestionsthatisalwaysaskedofmeis1Ibecameananimalcollectorinthefirst2.TheansweristhatIhavealwaysbeeninterestedinanimalsandzoos.AccordingtomyparentsthefirstwordIwasabletosaywithany3wasnottheconventional"mamma"or"daddy"4theword"zoo"whichIwould5overandoveragainwithashrill6untilsomeoneinorderto7meupwouldtakemetothezoo.WhenI8alittleolderwelivedinGreeceandIhadagreat9ofpetsrangingfromowlstoseahorsesandIspentallmysparetime10thecountrysideinsearchoffreshspecimensto11tomycollectionofpets.12onIwentforayeartotheCityZooasastudent13togetexperienceofthelargeanimalssuchaslionsbearsbisonandostriches14werenoteasytokeepathome.WhenIleftI15hadenoughmoneyofmyowntobeableto16myfirsttripandIhavebeengoing17eversincethen.Thoughacollector’sjobisnotaneasyoneandisfullof18itiscertainlyajobwhichwillappeal19allthosewholoveanimalsand20. 第17空应选择
ActuallythoughAmericathe"landofimmigrants"hasalwayshadpeopleofmanydifferentnationalitiesandlanguages.The1990censusindicatesthatalmost14%ofAmericansspeakanonEnglishlanguageathome.Yetonly3%reportedthattheyspokeEnglish"notwell"or"notatall".Thatmeansthatslightlymorethanoneoutof10Americanscouldbeconsideredbilingual. Besidesthatmanyhighschoolcollegestudentsandevensomeelementaryschoolstudentsarerequiredtotakeaforeignlanguageasapartoftheircurriculum.InadditiontooldstandbyslikeSpanishGermanandFrenchmoreandmorestudentsareoptingforEasternEuropeanandAsianlanguages.Ofcoursenotallstudentskeepuptheirforeignlanguageabilities.Astheoldsayinggoes"Ifyoudon’tuseit."ButstillagrowingnumberofAmericansarecomingtoappreciatethebenefitsofbeingmultilingual. EthnicenclavesfoundparticularlyinmajormetropolitancentershavepreservedthelanguageandcultureofAmericanimmigrants.SomelocalresidentscanfunctionquitewellintheirnativelanguagewithouthavingtobotherlearningEnglish.RegionssuchassouthernFloridaandtheSouthwesthavenumerousSpanishspeakingneighborhoods.InfactSpanishspeakers—numberingover17million—composethelargestnonEnglishlinguisticgroupinAmerica.ButChineseVietnameseItalianPolishandmanyotherethnicgroupaddtothelinguisticflavorofAmerica.Foreignlanguagesaresocommonlyusedinsomeethnicneighborhoodsthatvisitorsmightthinktheyareinanothercountry! AlthoughsomeAmericanswelcomethislinguisticandculturaldiversityothershavebeguntofearthattheEnglishlanguageisbeingthreatened.Sincethe1980sthe"EnglishOnly"movementhassoughttopromotelegislationwhichwouldestablishEnglishasthe"officiallanguage"andrestricttheuseofnonEnglishlanguage.HoweversomegroupsincludingTESOLtheorganizationforTeachersofEnglishtoSpeakersofOtherLanguageobjecttosuch"languagerestrictionism".Theirviewknownas"EnglishPlus"suggeststhatAmericansshouldhaverespectforpeople’snativelanguageandhelpthemfitintothemainstreamofsociety.Butsofar19stateshavepassedEnglishOnlylegislationandthetopicisthefocusofanongoingdebate. WhetherornotEnglishistheofficiallanguageoftheUnitedStatesitremainsthe"languageofwidercommunication".NearlyeveryonerecognizestheneedtodevelopproficiencyinEnglishinordertodowellinAmerica.TohelpthosewhowanttobrushupontheirEnglishskillsEnglishasaSecondLanguageESLclassesaround.CitieswithlargenumbersofrecentimmigrantsoftensetupbilingualeducationprogramstoteachstudentscontentsubjectsintheirnativelanguagewhiletheyimprovetheirEnglish.Languageeducatorsoftenhavestronganddivergentviewsastowhichapproachhelpslearnersachievebetterresults:abilingualapproachanESLapproachorevenapureimmersion"sinkorswim"approach.Howeveralltheseteachersshareacommoncommitment:tohelpstudentsfunctionwellinEnglish. AmericansrecognizethatEnglishistheinternationallanguageandpeoplewithgoodEnglishskillscangetbyinmanyinternationalsettings.Ontheotherhandinaworldgrowingincreasinglysmallersecondlanguageskillscanbeagreatfavor.Theycanbuildcrossculturalbridgesandgivepeopleanedgeinavarietyofcareerfield.Indeedlackofforeignlanguageproficiencycanlimitone’schancesforadvancementandkeeponeinaculturaldeadendstreet.AsmanypeopleinAmericaarediscoveringbeingmonolingualisnolaughingmatter. WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutEnglishOnlymovement
Allbutoneherejustnow.
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