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设函数，若f(a)=2，则实数a=（）．
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DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 20.
DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 18.
Solongasteachersfailtodistinguishdifferbetweenteachingandlearningtheywillcontinuetoundertaketodoforchildrenthatwhichonlychildrencandoforthemselves.Teachingchildrentoreadisnotpassingreadingontothem.Itiscertainlynotendlesshoursspentinactivitiesaboutreading.Douglasinsiststhat"readingcannotbetaughtdirectlyandschoolsshouldstoptryingtodotheimpossible". Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.Theydifferinkindandfunction.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentoplancleverlythemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.Teachingisalsoapublicactivity.Itcanbeseenandobserved. Learningtoreadinvolvesallthateachindividualdoestounderstandtheworldofprintedlanguage.Almostallofitisprivateforlearningisanoccupationofthemindandthatprocessisnotopentopublicscrutiny. IfteacherandlearnerrolesarenotinterchangeablewhatthencanbedonethroughteachingthatwillaidthechildinthelongsearchforknowledgeSmithhasoneprincipleruleforallteachinginstructions."Makelearningtoreadeasywhichmeansmakingreadingameaningfulenjoyableandfrequentexperienceforchildren." Whentherolesofteacherandlearnerareseenforwhattheyareandwhenbothteacherandlearnerfulfillthemproperlythenmuchofthepressureandfeelingoffailureforbothisgotridof.Learningtoreadismadeeasierwhenteacherscreateanenvironmentwherechildrenaregiventhechancetosolvetheproblemoflearningtoreadbylearning. Theteachingofreadingwillbesuccessfulif.
DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 16.
It’snoteasytobeanastronaut’sson.Everybodyexpectsyoutobespecialorperfect.Ioftenwonderhowmyfathereverhadasonlikeme.Imeanhe’ssospecialandsogoodateverythinghedoes.Eveninmiddleschoolhewasclasspresidentandcaptainofthefootballteam.WelltobehonestIoftendreamaboutbeingsomekindofheroordoingsomethingspecial-likesavingachildfromaburningbuildingordiscoveringanewstar.IwasdaydreamingatschoolonemorningwhenmyteachersaidtherewouldbeaFather’sDaywritingcompetitionforthewholeschool.Ihopewehaveawinnerrighthereinmyclass.WhenIgothomeIstartedtothinkaboutwhattowrite.Myfatherisanastronaut.NoIwouldn’tstartlikethat.Thatwasthewayotherssawhim.HowdidIseemyfatherHmm.IsawhimsittingwithmeinthedarkwhenIhadaterribledream.IrememberedhowhehuggedmeforhourswhenmydogSpottywaskilledbyacar.YesthesewerethethingsIwasgoingtowrite.Tomehewasn’tjustaworld-famousastronaut.Hewasmydad.MyparentsandIwenttoschoolThursdaynight.Thereweresomanypeopleinthebighall!MydadlookedatmeandIshrugged耸肩.Thethirdprizewasannouncedanditwasnotme.Iwasrelieved释然anddisappointedatthesametime.Thesecondprizewasannounced.Itwasme.IwentuptothestageandreadwhatIhadwrittenMyFather’sSon.WhenIfinishedthepeoplestoodupandcheered.Isawmyfatherblowinghisnose.Tearswererunningdownmymother’sface.Dadclearedhisthroatandputhishandonmyshoulder.Sonthisistheproudestmomentofmylife.Itwastheproudestmomentofmylifetoo.MaybeI’llneverbeagreatheroorwinaNobelPrizebutitwasenoughjusttobemyfather’sson.Thewriterfeltproudwhenhe______.
HowtoprotectchildrenWebfansfromunsuitablematerialon-linewhileencouragingthemtousetheInternethaslongbeendiscussedintheUS.ForsomeparentstheInternetcanseemlikeajunglefilledwithdangerfortheirchildren.ButjunglescontainwondersaswellasdangersandwithgoodguidessomeeducationandafewprecautionsthewildsoftheInternetcanbesafelynavigated.Kidshavetobeon-line.Ifwetellourkidstheycan’thaveaccesstotheInternetwe’recuttingthemofffromtheirfuturesaidanexpert.Mostkidshavestartedtousesearchengines.ManyofthemaregreatforfindingtonsofinterestingInternetsitesandtheycanalsolocateplaceswhereyoumightnotwantyourkidstogo.Therearesearchenginesdesignedjustforkids.Acertainsoftwarecontainsonlysitesthathavebeenselectedassafe.Themostpopularwaytolimitaccesswouldbetousewhatisknownasacontentscreener.Butthiscan’tbewhollyreliableandthebestthingparentscandoistotalktotheirkidsandletthemknowwhatisOKornotOKtoseeordoontheInternet.AnotherwayisthatmumordadisnearbywhenthechildissurfingtheInternet.Afewothertips·Don’tputthePCinachild’sroombutkeepitinanareawheremumordadcankeepaneyeonthings.ThatalsomakestheInternetmoreofafamilyactivity.·Askyourchildwhatheorshehasbeendoingandaboutanyfriendstheymakeon-line.·Tellyourchildnottogiveon-linestrangerspersonalinformationespeciallylikeaddressandphonenumber.·Andtellyourchildrennevertotalktoanyonetheymeeton-lineoverthephonesendthemanythingacceptanythingfromthemoragreetomeetwiththemunlessyougoalong.Thebestwaytoprotectchildrenfromimpropermaterialis______.
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DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 8.
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Therearetwotypesofpeopleintheworld.Althoughtheyhaveequaldegreeofhealthandwealthandothercomfortsoflifeonebecomeshappyandtheotherbecomesunhappy.Thisarisesfromthedifferentwaysinwhichtheyconsiderthingspersonseventsandtheresultingeffectsupontheirminds. Peoplewhoaretobehappyfixtheirattentionontheconvenienceofthings;thepleasantpartsofconversationthewellprepareddishesthegoodnessofthewineandthefineweather.Theyenjoyallthecheerfulthings.Thosewhoaretobeunhappythinkandspeakonlyoftheoppositethings.Thereforetheyarecontinuallydissatisfied.Bytheirremarkstheysourthepleasureofsocietyoffendhurtmanypeopleandmakethemselvesdisagreeableeverywhere.Ifthisturnofmindwasfoundedinnaturesuchunhappypersonswouldbethemoretobepitied.Theintentionofcriticizingandbeingdislikedisperhapstakenupbyimitation.Itgrowsintoahabitunknowntoitspossessors.Thehabitmaybestrongbutitmaybecuredwhenthosewhohaveitrealizeitsbadeffectsontheirinterestsandtastes.Ihopethislittlewarningmayheofservicetothemandhelpthemchangethishabit. Althoughinfactitischieflyanactoftheimaginationithasseriousresultsinlifesinceitbringsondeepsorrowandbadluck.Thosepeopleoffendmanyothers;nobodylovesthemandnoonetreatsthemwithmorethanthemostcommonpolitenessandrespect.Thisfrequentlyputstheminbadtemperanddrawsthemintoarguments.Iftheyaimatgettingsomeadvantagesinsocialpositionorfortunenobodywishesthemsuccess.Norwillanyonestartasteporspeakawordtofavortheirhopes.Iftheybringonthemselvespublicobjectionsnoonewilldefendorexcusethemandmanywilljointocriticizetheirwrongdoings.Theseshouldchangethisbadhabitandbepleasedwithwhatispleasingwithoutworryingneedlesslyaboutthemselvesandothers.Iftheydonotitwillbegoodforotherstoavoidanycontactwiththem.Otherwiseitcanbedisagreeableandsometimesveryinconvenientespeciallywhenonebecomesmixedupintheirquarrels. Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat.
DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 10.
DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 14.
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IndustrialpollutionisnotonlyaproblemforthecountriesofEuropeandNorthAmericabutalsoanextremelyseriousprobleminsomedevelopingcountries.Forthesecountrieseconomicgrowthisaveryimportantaim.Theywanttointroduceindustriesandsotheyputfewcontrolsontheindustrieswhichcausepollution.Cubataoanindustrialtownof85000peopleinBrazilisanexampleoftheconnectionbetweenindustrialdevelopmentandpollution.In1954Cubataohadnoindustry.Todayithasmorethantwentylargefactorieswhichproducemanypollutants.Thepeopleofthetownaresufferingfromthepoisonousmatterintheirenvironmentandthebadeffectscanbeclearlyseen.Birthshortcomingsareextremelycommon.AmongchildrenandadultslungproblemsaresometimestwelvetimesmorecommoninCubataothaninotherplaces.ItistruethatBrazillikemanyothercountrieshaslawsagainstpollutionbuttheselawsarenotenforcedstrictlyenough.Itischeaperforcompaniestotakenonoticeofthelawsandpaythefinesthantobuytheexpensiveequipmentthatwillreducethepollution.Itisclearthereforethateconomicgrowthismoreimportanttothegovernmentthantothehealthoftheworkers.HowevertheresponsibilitydoesnotcompletelyliewiththeBraziliangovernment.TheexampleofCubataoshowsthatinternationalcompaniesarenotactinginaresponsiblewayeither.AnumberofthefactoriesinthetownareownedbylargecompaniesfromFranceItalyandtheUS.TheyaredoingthingsinBrazilthattheywouldnotbeabletodoathome.Iftheycausedthesameamountofpollutionathometheywouldbeseverelypunishedorevenputoutofbusiness.Whatistheauthor’spurposeintakingCubataoasanexample
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DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 12.
DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 6.
HowtoprotectchildrenWebfansfromunsuitablematerialon-linewhileencouragingthemtousetheInternethaslongbeendiscussedintheUS.ForsomeparentstheInternetcanseemlikeajunglefilledwithdangerfortheirchildren.ButjunglescontainwondersaswellasdangersandwithgoodguidessomeeducationandafewprecautionsthewildsoftheInternetcanbesafelynavigated.Kidshavetobeon-line.Ifwetellourkidstheycan’thaveaccesstotheInternetwe’recuttingthemofffromtheirfuturesaidanexpert.Mostkidshavestartedtousesearchengines.ManyofthemaregreatforfindingtonsofinterestingInternetsitesandtheycanalsolocateplaceswhereyoumightnotwantyourkidstogo.Therearesearchenginesdesignedjustforkids.Acertainsoftwarecontainsonlysitesthathavebeenselectedassafe.Themostpopularwaytolimitaccesswouldbetousewhatisknownasacontentscreener.Butthiscan’tbewhollyreliableandthebestthingparentscandoistotalktotheirkidsandletthemknowwhatisOKornotOKtoseeordoontheInternet.AnotherwayisthatmumordadisnearbywhenthechildissurfingtheInternet.Afewothertips·Don’tputthePCinachild’sroombutkeepitinanareawheremumordadcankeepaneyeonthings.ThatalsomakestheInternetmoreofafamilyactivity.·Askyourchildwhatheorshehasbeendoingandaboutanyfriendstheymakeon-line.·Tellyourchildnottogiveon-linestrangerspersonalinformationespeciallylikeaddressandphonenumber.·Andtellyourchildrennevertotalktoanyonetheymeeton-lineoverthephonesendthemanythingacceptanythingfromthemoragreetomeetwiththemunlessyougoalong.Accordingtothepassagewecaninferthat______.
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DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 4.
—HowaboutyourjourneytoMountEmei—Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatourcar______twiceontheway.
IndustrialpollutionisnotonlyaproblemforthecountriesofEuropeandNorthAmericabutalsoanextremelyseriousprobleminsomedevelopingcountries.Forthesecountrieseconomicgrowthisaveryimportantaim.Theywanttointroduceindustriesandsotheyputfewcontrolsontheindustrieswhichcausepollution.Cubataoanindustrialtownof85000peopleinBrazilisanexampleoftheconnectionbetweenindustrialdevelopmentandpollution.In1954Cubataohadnoindustry.Todayithasmorethantwentylargefactorieswhichproducemanypollutants.Thepeopleofthetownaresufferingfromthepoisonousmatterintheirenvironmentandthebadeffectscanbeclearlyseen.Birthshortcomingsareextremelycommon.AmongchildrenandadultslungproblemsaresometimestwelvetimesmorecommoninCubataothaninotherplaces.ItistruethatBrazillikemanyothercountrieshaslawsagainstpollutionbuttheselawsarenotenforcedstrictlyenough.Itischeaperforcompaniestotakenonoticeofthelawsandpaythefinesthantobuytheexpensiveequipmentthatwillreducethepollution.Itisclearthereforethateconomicgrowthismoreimportanttothegovernmentthantothehealthoftheworkers.HowevertheresponsibilitydoesnotcompletelyliewiththeBraziliangovernment.TheexampleofCubataoshowsthatinternationalcompaniesarenotactinginaresponsiblewayeither.AnumberofthefactoriesinthetownareownedbylargecompaniesfromFranceItalyandtheUS.TheyaredoingthingsinBrazilthattheywouldnotbeabletodoathome.Iftheycausedthesameamountofpollutionathometheywouldbeseverelypunishedorevenputoutofbusiness.WhydosomeforeigncompaniesliketosetuptheirplantsinBrazil
DuringourtwomonthsontheroadBennettandIhadareally1experiencewithagoodhonest2andsomehelpfulmechanics. WeweredrivingeastonHighway10whenour"chickengine"lightcameon.Welimpedofan3intoLasCruces.Wehadarealcar4Bennettnursedtheearintoalocalgarage.Bythistimethecarwasmissingso5itwasshakingallover.Thiswasthe6timetoarriveatagarage—lateFridayafternoon.ServiceadviserScottwasbusy7paperworkandcustomersaswe8ourproblems.9hewasalready"tencarsbehind"hetoldustopullthecarintothegarage. Lincolnwhowelater10wasoneofthetwomotortechnicianstook11ofourcarrepairing.HeandScottandsomeothermechanicsstayedseveralhoursafterclosing12thecar. EarlythenextmorningtheshopwasofficiallyclosedonSaturdaysLincolnfinallylocatedthe13andfixediteasilywithinonly14 LaterScott15outtousthatitwasourattitudethathelped."Youdidn’tcomeintotheplacedemandingthisorthat.Youshowedan16ofourproblemsonabusyFridayafternoon.Customer’sattitudemeansalot."Hewasrightinsomewaycustomersshouldshow17andunderstandingtopeoplewho18them.19peoplewereextremelybusytheyfoundwaytoatleasttryandhelpwhentheyaremetwithpoliteness. ThepleasantexperienceIhadshowsthat20forotherpeoplecanalwayshelp. 2.
成年人应该知道如何帮助孩子们在智力上发展
Solongasteachersfailtodistinguishdifferbetweenteachingandlearningtheywillcontinuetoundertaketodoforchildrenthatwhichonlychildrencandoforthemselves.Teachingchildrentoreadisnotpassingreadingontothem.Itiscertainlynotendlesshoursspentinactivitiesaboutreading.Douglasinsiststhat"readingcannotbetaughtdirectlyandschoolsshouldstoptryingtodotheimpossible". Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferentprocesses.Theydifferinkindandfunction.Thefunctionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsandtheclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildrentoplancleverlythemostefficientsystemforteachingthemselvestoread.Teachingisalsoapublicactivity.Itcanbeseenandobserved. Learningtoreadinvolvesallthateachindividualdoestounderstandtheworldofprintedlanguage.Almostallofitisprivateforlearningisanoccupationofthemindandthatprocessisnotopentopublicscrutiny. IfteacherandlearnerrolesarenotinterchangeablewhatthencanbedonethroughteachingthatwillaidthechildinthelongsearchforknowledgeSmithhasoneprincipleruleforallteachinginstructions."Makelearningtoreadeasywhichmeansmakingreadingameaningfulenjoyableandfrequentexperienceforchildren." Whentherolesofteacherandlearnerareseenforwhattheyareandwhenbothteacherandlearnerfulfillthemproperlythenmuchofthepressureandfeelingoffailureforbothisgotridof.Learningtoreadismadeeasierwhenteacherscreateanenvironmentwherechildrenaregiventhechancetosolvetheproblemoflearningtoreadbylearning. Themainideaofthepassageisthat.
Therearetwotypesofpeopleintheworld.Althoughtheyhaveequaldegreeofhealthandwealthandothercomfortsoflifeonebecomeshappyandtheotherbecomesunhappy.Thisarisesfromthedifferentwaysinwhichtheyconsiderthingspersonseventsandtheresultingeffectsupontheirminds. Peoplewhoaretobehappyfixtheirattentionontheconvenienceofthings;thepleasantpartsofconversationthewellprepareddishesthegoodnessofthewineandthefineweather.Theyenjoyallthecheerfulthings.Thosewhoaretobeunhappythinkandspeakonlyoftheoppositethings.Thereforetheyarecontinuallydissatisfied.Bytheirremarkstheysourthepleasureofsocietyoffendhurtmanypeopleandmakethemselvesdisagreeableeverywhere.Ifthisturnofmindwasfoundedinnaturesuchunhappypersonswouldbethemoretobepitied.Theintentionofcriticizingandbeingdislikedisperhapstakenupbyimitation.Itgrowsintoahabitunknowntoitspossessors.Thehabitmaybestrongbutitmaybecuredwhenthosewhohaveitrealizeitsbadeffectsontheirinterestsandtastes.Ihopethislittlewarningmayheofservicetothemandhelpthemchangethishabit. Althoughinfactitischieflyanactoftheimaginationithasseriousresultsinlifesinceitbringsondeepsorrowandbadluck.Thosepeopleoffendmanyothers;nobodylovesthemandnoonetreatsthemwithmorethanthemostcommonpolitenessandrespect.Thisfrequentlyputstheminbadtemperanddrawsthemintoarguments.Iftheyaimatgettingsomeadvantagesinsocialpositionorfortunenobodywishesthemsuccess.Norwillanyonestartasteporspeakawordtofavortheirhopes.Iftheybringonthemselvespublicobjectionsnoonewilldefendorexcusethemandmanywilljointocriticizetheirwrongdoings.Theseshouldchangethisbadhabitandbepleasedwithwhatispleasingwithoutworryingneedlesslyaboutthemselvesandothers.Iftheydonotitwillbegoodforotherstoavoidanycontactwiththem.Otherwiseitcanbedisagreeableandsometimesveryinconvenientespeciallywhenonebecomesmixedupintheirquarrels. Inthispassagethewritermainly.
Wearegoingtodiscussthewayofreadingworks______itisusedforreallifepurposesandthisshouldgiveyouabetterunderstandingofit.
Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschooltheirlessonsfortheday.
It’snoteasytobeanastronaut’sson.Everybodyexpectsyoutobespecialorperfect.Ioftenwonderhowmyfathereverhadasonlikeme.Imeanhe’ssospecialandsogoodateverythinghedoes.Eveninmiddleschoolhewasclasspresidentandcaptainofthefootballteam.WelltobehonestIoftendreamaboutbeingsomekindofheroordoingsomethingspecial-likesavingachildfromaburningbuildingordiscoveringanewstar.IwasdaydreamingatschoolonemorningwhenmyteachersaidtherewouldbeaFather’sDaywritingcompetitionforthewholeschool.Ihopewehaveawinnerrighthereinmyclass.WhenIgothomeIstartedtothinkaboutwhattowrite.Myfatherisanastronaut.NoIwouldn’tstartlikethat.Thatwasthewayotherssawhim.HowdidIseemyfatherHmm.IsawhimsittingwithmeinthedarkwhenIhadaterribledream.IrememberedhowhehuggedmeforhourswhenmydogSpottywaskilledbyacar.YesthesewerethethingsIwasgoingtowrite.Tomehewasn’tjustaworld-famousastronaut.Hewasmydad.MyparentsandIwenttoschoolThursdaynight.Thereweresomanypeopleinthebighall!MydadlookedatmeandIshrugged耸肩.Thethirdprizewasannouncedanditwasnotme.Iwasrelieved释然anddisappointedatthesametime.Thesecondprizewasannounced.Itwasme.IwentuptothestageandreadwhatIhadwrittenMyFather’sSon.WhenIfinishedthepeoplestoodupandcheered.Isawmyfatherblowinghisnose.Tearswererunningdownmymother’sface.Dadclearedhisthroatandputhishandonmyshoulder.Sonthisistheproudestmomentofmylife.Itwastheproudestmomentofmylifetoo.MaybeI’llneverbeagreatheroorwinaNobelPrizebutitwasenoughjusttobemyfather’sson.Inorderto______thewriterwouldliketosaveachildfromaburningbuilding.
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