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{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} {{B}}? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Dancing in the Streets{{/B}}...
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TherewasaJewishtraderwhohadcomebyoneofStrickland'spicturesinan{{U}}peculiar{{/U}}way.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Asystemtostopshipssinking{{/B}}??A newcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger toaholedvesselisthatfloodingofitscompartmentswillmakethe {{U}}?51?{{/U}}unstableenoughtocapsize.Itisestimatedthatnearly halftheship{{U}}?52?{{/U}}duringtheSecondWorldWarcapsized becauseoflossof{{U}}?53?{{/U}}.??PacerSystemof BurlingtonMassachusettshasnowrefinedasystemdevisedbyareserveU.S. NavyofficerStephenDrabouski.Thecomputerisprogrammedwitheverypossible eventualityofflooddamage.Oncetheactualdamageiskeyedintothecomputer theoperatoristoldbythecomputer{{U}}?54?{{/U}}theimplications are—andwhatcanbedonetore-establishthevessel.??Trialson theAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSMidwayhave{{U}}?55?{{/U}}thatthe reactiontimetodamagecanbecuttoafiftieth.Anincidentwassimulatedin whichtheshipwas{{U}}?56?{{/U}}bytwoExocetmissilescausing floodingto30{{U}}?57?{{/U}}receiptoftheflooddamageinformation inthedamagecontrolcentretoafullprintoutofdamageeffects {{U}}?58?{{/U}}countermeasuresandanassessmentoftheresultofthe countermeasures.??Inare-runoftheincident{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}thecomputerprogramthedamagecontrolofficertookfouranda quarterhourstoestablishtheeffectsofthedamageandanotherfourhours {{U}}?60?{{/U}}adecisioncouldbetakenoncountermeasures.? ?Althoughthesystemcanbeusedtoprovide{{U}}?61?{{/U}} controlofficerswithadvicetheydonotofcoursehaveto{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}theinformation.Quiteoftenthe{{U}}?63?{{/U}}solution willbeunacceptableforoperationalreasons.Whenthathappensthesystemcan beaskedforalternativesortheoperator{{U}}?64?{{/U}}interrogate thecomputertofindoutwhatwouldhappeniftheofficer’s{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}solutionwasputintoaction.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}Tipping{{/B}}??Everybodyloathesitbut everybodydoesit.Arecentpollshowedthat40%ofAmericanshatethepractice. Itseemssoarbitraryafterall.Whydoesabarmangetatipbutnotadoctor whosavedlives???InAmericaalonetippingisnowa$16 billion-a-yearindustry.Consumersactingrationallyoughtnottopaymorethan theyhavetoforagivenservice.Tipsshouldnotexist.Sowhydothey?The conventionalwisdomisthattipsbothrewardtheeffortsofgoodserviceand reduceuncomfortablefeelingsofinequality.Thebettertheservicethebigger thetip.??Suchexplanationsnodoubtexplainthepurportedorigin oftipping—inthe16thcenturyboxesinEnglishtavernscarriedthephraseTo InsurancePromptitudelaterjustTIP.Butaccordingtonewresearchfrom CornellUniversitytippingnolongerservesanyusefulfunction.Thepaper analysesdatafrom2547groupsdiningat20differentrestaurants.The correlationbetweenlargertipsandbetterservicewasveryweak:onlyatiny partofthevariabilityinthesizeofthetiphadanythingtodowiththe qualityofservice.Customerswhoratedamealasexcellentstilltipped anywherebetween8%and37%ofthemealprice.??Tippingisbetter explainedbyculturethanbyeconomics.InAmericathecustomhasbecome institutionalized:itisregardedaspartoftheacceptedcostofaservice.In aNewYorkrestaurantfailingtotipatleast15%couldwellmeanabusefrom thewaiter.Hairdresserscanexpecttoget15-20%themanwhodeliversyour groceries$2.InEuropetippingislesscommon;inmanyrestaurants discretionarytippingisbeingreplacedbyastandardservicecharge.Inmany Asiancountriestippinghasneverreallycaughtonatall.??How toaccountforthesenationaldifferences?Looknofurtherthanpsychology. AccordingtoMichaelLynntheCornellpaper’sco-authorcountriesinwhich peoplearemoreextrovertsociableorneurotictendtotipmore.Tipping relievesanxietyaboutbeingservedbystrangers.AndsaysMr.Lynnin Americawherepeopleareoutgoingandexpressivetippingisaboutsocial approval.Ifyoutipbadlypeoplethinklessofyou.Tippingwellisachance toshowoff.Icelandersbycontrastdonotusuallytipameasureoftheir introversionnodoubt.??Whilesuchexplanationsmaybecrude thehardtruthseemstobethattippingdoesnotwork.Itdoesnotbenefitthe customer.Norinthecaseofrestaurantsdoesitactuallyincentivisethe waiterorhelptherestaurantmanagertomonitorandassesshisstaff.Service peopleshouldjustbepaidadecentwagemayactuallymakeeconomic sense.Thepassageismainlyfocusedon______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}Tipping{{/B}}??Everybodyloathesitbut everybodydoesit.Arecentpollshowedthat40%ofAmericanshatethepractice. Itseemssoarbitraryafterall.Whydoesabarmangetatipbutnotadoctor whosavedlives???InAmericaalonetippingisnowa$16 billion-a-yearindustry.Consumersactingrationallyoughtnottopaymorethan theyhavetoforagivenservice.Tipsshouldnotexist.Sowhydothey?The conventionalwisdomisthattipsbothrewardtheeffortsofgoodserviceand reduceuncomfortablefeelingsofinequality.Thebettertheservicethebigger thetip.??Suchexplanationsnodoubtexplainthepurportedorigin oftipping—inthe16thcenturyboxesinEnglishtavernscarriedthephraseTo InsurancePromptitudelaterjustTIP.Butaccordingtonewresearchfrom CornellUniversitytippingnolongerservesanyusefulfunction.Thepaper analysesdatafrom2547groupsdiningat20differentrestaurants.The correlationbetweenlargertipsandbetterservicewasveryweak:onlyatiny partofthevariabilityinthesizeofthetiphadanythingtodowiththe qualityofservice.Customerswhoratedamealasexcellentstilltipped anywherebetween8%and37%ofthemealprice.??Tippingisbetter explainedbyculturethanbyeconomics.InAmericathecustomhasbecome institutionalized:itisregardedaspartoftheacceptedcostofaservice.In aNewYorkrestaurantfailingtotipatleast15%couldwellmeanabusefrom thewaiter.Hairdresserscanexpecttoget15-20%themanwhodeliversyour groceries$2.InEuropetippingislesscommon;inmanyrestaurants discretionarytippingisbeingreplacedbyastandardservicecharge.Inmany Asiancountriestippinghasneverreallycaughtonatall.??How toaccountforthesenationaldifferences?Looknofurtherthanpsychology. AccordingtoMichaelLynntheCornellpaper’sco-authorcountriesinwhich peoplearemoreextrovertsociableorneurotictendtotipmore.Tipping relievesanxietyaboutbeingservedbystrangers.AndsaysMr.Lynnin Americawherepeopleareoutgoingandexpressivetippingisaboutsocial approval.Ifyoutipbadlypeoplethinklessofyou.Tippingwellisachance toshowoff.Icelandersbycontrastdonotusuallytipameasureoftheir introversionnodoubt.??Whilesuchexplanationsmaybecrude thehardtruthseemstobethattippingdoesnotwork.Itdoesnotbenefitthe customer.Norinthecaseofrestaurantsdoesitactuallyincentivisethe waiterorhelptherestaurantmanagertomonitorandassesshisstaff.Service peopleshouldjustbepaidadecentwagemayactuallymakeeconomic sense.Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat______.
Beijingisa{{U}}pleasant{{/U}}placewithconvenienttransportationandcommunicationsystem.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}OceanEcosystemEndangered{{/B}}1.? ?SpanningtheoceanicdividebetweentheU.S.andRussiaitisoneofthe richestandmostcommerciallyproductivemarineenvironmentsonearthteeming withpollack保镖andhalibutfursealsandSteller’ssealionshornpuffins andmurres.Thesealsandseabirdsdependoncatchingfishandsodohumans. Morethan2000boatsfromtheU.S.RussiaJapanNorwayChinaPolandand theKoreashaulinanannualcatchworthroughly$1billion.Theportiontaken offtheshoresofAlaskaaloneamountstoone-halfthesealifecaughtby commercialfishingvesselsinU.S.waters.2.??Butwillthe bounty奖励last?Sincethemajorityoftheworld’sfisheriesareinastateof collagesastoomanyboatschasetoofewfishconservationistsfearthesame fatefortheBeringSeathelastgreatrefugeofmarineabundance.Competition amongcountriesfortherightstofishcertainsectorsoftheseaisalready fierceandcouldturnviolentasithaselsewhereintheworld.TheRussians haveseverelydepleted耗尽fishstocksintheirzoneandtheinternational areaopentoallboatscalledtheDoughnutHolehasbeennearlystrippedof commercialfish.3.??Nospeciesismoreimportanttomanand beastthanPollacktheNo.1ingredient成分offrozenfishsticksandthefish itemsservedbychainslikeBurgerKingandLongJohnSilver.Eachyearthe BeringSeayieldstwobillionkgofthisbottom—dwellingcreaturemakingthe Pollackbusinessthebiggestfishharvestintheworld.4.??On thesurfacethatbusinessishealthy:thePollackcatchhasstayednearrecord levels.Butsignsofoverfishingandanailingecosystemcanbeseemhigherup inthefoodchain.Thefur-sealpopulationhasnotincreaseddespitea long-standingbanoncommercialhunting.ThenumberofSteller’ssealions whichfeedmostlyonPollackhasplunged80%sincethe1970sandseabirdssuch asthered-leggedkittiwakearealsointrouble.5.??Evenif fishingisbroughtundercontroltheBeringSeafacesthreatsthatoriginate thousandsofmilesaway.Windcurrentsfromindustrialareasfartothesouth bringinpollutantslikeinsecticidesandheavymetalswhichcollectinthe tissuesofwildlifeandthelocalInuitpeople.Atthesametimetheregionhas beenwarmingupandpartofthereasonmaybethebuild-upofgreenhousegases intheatmosphere.Whateverthecauseseaicehasbeenretreatingfartherto thenorthmakinglifeharderforpolarbearsandotherice-dwelling animals.A.OtherthreatstotheBeringseaB.Pollack—themost importantkindofishC.TheproblemsmanycountiesfaceD.Howtoprotect BeringseaE.Over-fishingdestroysthefoodchainF.Whytocontrol fishingParagraph4______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Asystemtostopshipssinking{{/B}}??A newcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger toaholedvesselisthatfloodingofitscompartmentswillmakethe {{U}}?51?{{/U}}unstableenoughtocapsize.Itisestimatedthatnearly halftheship{{U}}?52?{{/U}}duringtheSecondWorldWarcapsized becauseoflossof{{U}}?53?{{/U}}.??PacerSystemof BurlingtonMassachusettshasnowrefinedasystemdevisedbyareserveU.S. NavyofficerStephenDrabouski.Thecomputerisprogrammedwitheverypossible eventualityofflooddamage.Oncetheactualdamageiskeyedintothecomputer theoperatoristoldbythecomputer{{U}}?54?{{/U}}theimplications are—andwhatcanbedonetore-establishthevessel.??Trialson theAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSMidwayhave{{U}}?55?{{/U}}thatthe reactiontimetodamagecanbecuttoafiftieth.Anincidentwassimulatedin whichtheshipwas{{U}}?56?{{/U}}bytwoExocetmissilescausing floodingto30{{U}}?57?{{/U}}receiptoftheflooddamageinformation inthedamagecontrolcentretoafullprintoutofdamageeffects {{U}}?58?{{/U}}countermeasuresandanassessmentoftheresultofthe countermeasures.??Inare-runoftheincident{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}thecomputerprogramthedamagecontrolofficertookfouranda quarterhourstoestablishtheeffectsofthedamageandanotherfourhours {{U}}?60?{{/U}}adecisioncouldbetakenoncountermeasures.? ?Althoughthesystemcanbeusedtoprovide{{U}}?61?{{/U}} controlofficerswithadvicetheydonotofcoursehaveto{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}theinformation.Quiteoftenthe{{U}}?63?{{/U}}solution willbeunacceptableforoperationalreasons.Whenthathappensthesystemcan beaskedforalternativesortheoperator{{U}}?64?{{/U}}interrogate thecomputertofindoutwhatwouldhappeniftheofficer’s{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}solutionwasputintoaction.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}APioneerinModernDance{{/B}}??Many artistslateinthelastcenturywereinsearchofameanstoexpresstheir individuality.ModerndancewasOneofthewayssomeofthesepeoplesoughtto freetheircreativespirit.Inthebeginningtherewasnoexactingtechniqueno foundationfromwhichtobuild.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.Eventuallyinnovators evendrewfromwhattheyconsideredthedreadballetbutfirsttheyhadto discardallthatwasacademicsothatthenewcouldbediscovered.The beginningsofmoderndancewerehappeningbeforeIsadoraDunca.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}.??Hersearchforanaturalmovementformsentherto nature.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.Hergreatcontributionsareinthree areas.??Firstshebegantheexpansionofthekindsofmovements thatcouldbeusedindance.BeforeDuncadancedballetwastheonlytypeof danceperformedinconcert.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.Duncaperformeddanceby usingallherbodyinthefreestpossibleway.Herdancestemmedfromhersoul andspirit.Shewasoneofthepioneershowbroketraditionsoothersmightbe abletodeveloptheart.??Hersecondcontributionliesindance costume.Shediscardedcorsetballetshoesandstiffcostumes.Thesewere replacedwithflowingGreciantunicsbarefeetandunboundhair.Shebelieved inthenaturalbodybeingallowedtomovefreelyandherdressdisplayedthis ideally.??Herthirdcontributionwasintheuseofmusic. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.Shewasasexcitingandeccentricinherpersonallife asinherdance.??A.Shebelievedmovementshouldbeasnatural astheswayingofthetreesandtherollingwavesoftheseaandshouldbein harmonywiththemovementsoftheEarth.??B.IsadoraDuncan’s farthercontributiontomorderndanceisexciting.??C.Butshe wasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudiencesandseeit acceptedandacclaimed.??D.Intheballetthefeetandlegswere emphasizedwithvirtuosityshownbycomplicatedcodifiedpositionsand movements.??E.Inlateryearstrialerrorandgeniusfounded thetechniquesandtheprinciplesofthemovement.??F.Inher performancessheusedthesymphoniesofgreatmastersincludingBeethovenand Wagnerwhichwasnottheusualcustom.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}OceanEcosystemEndangered{{/B}}1.? ?SpanningtheoceanicdividebetweentheU.S.andRussiaitisoneofthe richestandmostcommerciallyproductivemarineenvironmentsonearthteeming withpollack保镖andhalibutfursealsandSteller’ssealionshornpuffins andmurres.Thesealsandseabirdsdependoncatchingfishandsodohumans. Morethan2000boatsfromtheU.S.RussiaJapanNorwayChinaPolandand theKoreashaulinanannualcatchworthroughly$1billion.Theportiontaken offtheshoresofAlaskaaloneamountstoone-halfthesealifecaughtby commercialfishingvesselsinU.S.waters.2.??Butwillthe bounty奖励last?Sincethemajorityoftheworld’sfisheriesareinastateof collagesastoomanyboatschasetoofewfishconservationistsfearthesame fatefortheBeringSeathelastgreatrefugeofmarineabundance.Competition amongcountriesfortherightstofishcertainsectorsoftheseaisalready fierceandcouldturnviolentasithaselsewhereintheworld.TheRussians haveseverelydepleted耗尽fishstocksintheirzoneandtheinternational areaopentoallboatscalledtheDoughnutHolehasbeennearlystrippedof commercialfish.3.??Nospeciesismoreimportanttomanand beastthanPollacktheNo.1ingredient成分offrozenfishsticksandthefish itemsservedbychainslikeBurgerKingandLongJohnSilver.Eachyearthe BeringSeayieldstwobillionkgofthisbottom—dwellingcreaturemakingthe Pollackbusinessthebiggestfishharvestintheworld.4.??On thesurfacethatbusinessishealthy:thePollackcatchhasstayednearrecord levels.Butsignsofoverfishingandanailingecosystemcanbeseemhigherup inthefoodchain.Thefur-sealpopulationhasnotincreaseddespitea long-standingbanoncommercialhunting.ThenumberofSteller’ssealions whichfeedmostlyonPollackhasplunged80%sincethe1970sandseabirdssuch asthered-leggedkittiwakearealsointrouble.5.??Evenif fishingisbroughtundercontroltheBeringSeafacesthreatsthatoriginate thousandsofmilesaway.Windcurrentsfromindustrialareasfartothesouth bringinpollutantslikeinsecticidesandheavymetalswhichcollectinthe tissuesofwildlifeandthelocalInuitpeople.Atthesametimetheregionhas beenwarmingupandpartofthereasonmaybethebuild-upofgreenhousegases intheatmosphere.Whateverthecauseseaicehasbeenretreatingfartherto thenorthmakinglifeharderforpolarbearsandotherice-dwelling animals.A.OtherthreatstotheBeringseaB.Pollack—themost importantkindofishC.TheproblemsmanycountiesfaceD.Howtoprotect BeringseaE.Over-fishingdestroysthefoodchainF.Whytocontrol fishingAirpollutionisaproblemthatis______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Asystemtostopshipssinking{{/B}}??A newcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger toaholedvesselisthatfloodingofitscompartmentswillmakethe {{U}}?51?{{/U}}unstableenoughtocapsize.Itisestimatedthatnearly halftheship{{U}}?52?{{/U}}duringtheSecondWorldWarcapsized becauseoflossof{{U}}?53?{{/U}}.??PacerSystemof BurlingtonMassachusettshasnowrefinedasystemdevisedbyareserveU.S. NavyofficerStephenDrabouski.Thecomputerisprogrammedwitheverypossible eventualityofflooddamage.Oncetheactualdamageiskeyedintothecomputer theoperatoristoldbythecomputer{{U}}?54?{{/U}}theimplications are—andwhatcanbedonetore-establishthevessel.??Trialson theAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSMidwayhave{{U}}?55?{{/U}}thatthe reactiontimetodamagecanbecuttoafiftieth.Anincidentwassimulatedin whichtheshipwas{{U}}?56?{{/U}}bytwoExocetmissilescausing floodingto30{{U}}?57?{{/U}}receiptoftheflooddamageinformation inthedamagecontrolcentretoafullprintoutofdamageeffects {{U}}?58?{{/U}}countermeasuresandanassessmentoftheresultofthe countermeasures.??Inare-runoftheincident{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}thecomputerprogramthedamagecontrolofficertookfouranda quarterhourstoestablishtheeffectsofthedamageandanotherfourhours {{U}}?60?{{/U}}adecisioncouldbetakenoncountermeasures.? ?Althoughthesystemcanbeusedtoprovide{{U}}?61?{{/U}} controlofficerswithadvicetheydonotofcoursehaveto{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}theinformation.Quiteoftenthe{{U}}?63?{{/U}}solution willbeunacceptableforoperationalreasons.Whenthathappensthesystemcan beaskedforalternativesortheoperator{{U}}?64?{{/U}}interrogate thecomputertofindoutwhatwouldhappeniftheofficer’s{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}solutionwasputintoaction.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 {{B}}APioneerinModernDance{{/B}}??Many artistslateinthelastcenturywereinsearchofameanstoexpresstheir individuality.ModerndancewasOneofthewayssomeofthesepeoplesoughtto freetheircreativespirit.Inthebeginningtherewasnoexactingtechniqueno foundationfromwhichtobuild.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.Eventuallyinnovators evendrewfromwhattheyconsideredthedreadballetbutfirsttheyhadto discardallthatwasacademicsothatthenewcouldbediscovered.The beginningsofmoderndancewerehappeningbeforeIsadoraDunca.{{U}}?47 ?{{/U}}.??Hersearchforanaturalmovementformsentherto nature.{{U}}?48?{{/U}}.Hergreatcontributionsareinthree areas.??Firstshebegantheexpansionofthekindsofmovements thatcouldbeusedindance.BeforeDuncadancedballetwastheonlytypeof danceperformedinconcert.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.Duncaperformeddanceby usingallherbodyinthefreestpossibleway.Herdancestemmedfromhersoul andspirit.Shewasoneofthepioneershowbroketraditionsoothersmightbe abletodeveloptheart.??Hersecondcontributionliesindance costume.Shediscardedcorsetballetshoesandstiffcostumes.Thesewere replacedwithflowingGreciantunicsbarefeetandunboundhair.Shebelieved inthenaturalbodybeingallowedtomovefreelyandherdressdisplayedthis ideally.??Herthirdcontributionwasintheuseofmusic. {{U}}?50?{{/U}}.Shewasasexcitingandeccentricinherpersonallife asinherdance.??A.Shebelievedmovementshouldbeasnatural astheswayingofthetreesandtherollingwavesoftheseaandshouldbein harmonywiththemovementsoftheEarth.??B.IsadoraDuncan’s farthercontributiontomorderndanceisexciting.??C.Butshe wasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudiencesandseeit acceptedandacclaimed.??D.Intheballetthefeetandlegswere emphasizedwithvirtuosityshownbycomplicatedcodifiedpositionsand movements.??E.Inlateryearstrialerrorandgeniusfounded thetechniquesandtheprinciplesofthemovement.??F.Inher performancessheusedthesymphoniesofgreatmastersincludingBeethovenand Wagnerwhichwasnottheusualcustom.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} {{B}}Tipping{{/B}}??Everybodyloathesitbut everybodydoesit.Arecentpollshowedthat40%ofAmericanshatethepractice. Itseemssoarbitraryafterall.Whydoesabarmangetatipbutnotadoctor whosavedlives???InAmericaalonetippingisnowa$16 billion-a-yearindustry.Consumersactingrationallyoughtnottopaymorethan theyhavetoforagivenservice.Tipsshouldnotexist.Sowhydothey?The conventionalwisdomisthattipsbothrewardtheeffortsofgoodserviceand reduceuncomfortablefeelingsofinequality.Thebettertheservicethebigger thetip.??Suchexplanationsnodoubtexplainthepurportedorigin oftipping—inthe16thcenturyboxesinEnglishtavernscarriedthephraseTo InsurancePromptitudelaterjustTIP.Butaccordingtonewresearchfrom CornellUniversitytippingnolongerservesanyusefulfunction.Thepaper analysesdatafrom2547groupsdiningat20differentrestaurants.The correlationbetweenlargertipsandbetterservicewasveryweak:onlyatiny partofthevariabilityinthesizeofthetiphadanythingtodowiththe qualityofservice.Customerswhoratedamealasexcellentstilltipped anywherebetween8%and37%ofthemealprice.??Tippingisbetter explainedbyculturethanbyeconomics.InAmericathecustomhasbecome institutionalized:itisregardedaspartoftheacceptedcostofaservice.In aNewYorkrestaurantfailingtotipatleast15%couldwellmeanabusefrom thewaiter.Hairdresserscanexpecttoget15-20%themanwhodeliversyour groceries$2.InEuropetippingislesscommon;inmanyrestaurants discretionarytippingisbeingreplacedbyastandardservicecharge.Inmany Asiancountriestippinghasneverreallycaughtonatall.??How toaccountforthesenationaldifferences?Looknofurtherthanpsychology. AccordingtoMichaelLynntheCornellpaper’sco-authorcountriesinwhich peoplearemoreextrovertsociableorneurotictendtotipmore.Tipping relievesanxietyaboutbeingservedbystrangers.AndsaysMr.Lynnin Americawherepeopleareoutgoingandexpressivetippingisaboutsocial approval.Ifyoutipbadlypeoplethinklessofyou.Tippingwellisachance toshowoff.Icelandersbycontrastdonotusuallytipameasureoftheir introversionnodoubt.??Whilesuchexplanationsmaybecrude thehardtruthseemstobethattippingdoesnotwork.Itdoesnotbenefitthe customer.Norinthecaseofrestaurantsdoesitactuallyincentivisethe waiterorhelptherestaurantmanagertomonitorandassesshisstaff.Service peopleshouldjustbepaidadecentwagemayactuallymakeeconomic sense.WhatcanwelearnfromtheresearchconductedbyCornellUniversity?
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}Abolishingtheestate-tax{{/B}}? ?Recentlyabout120wealthyAmericanshadsignedanappealtooppose abolishingtheestate-tax.PresidentBushhasincludedabolishingestate-taxin his$1.6trilliontaxcutproposal.NormallywhendozensofAmericansjoinina politicalactivityitisnotparticularlynoteworthybutinthiscasethe dozensinclude:GeorgeSorosabillionairefinancier;WarrenBuffettan investorlistedasAmerica’sfourth-richestperson;thephilanthropistDavid RockefellerJr.;andWilliamGatesSr.aSeattlelawyerandfatherofAmerica’s richestmanMicrosoftCorp.ChairmanBillGates.??Itwasreally refreshingtoseeBuffettandGeorgeSorosandanumberofotherextremely wealthycelebritiesstandupinoppositiontoPresidentBush’sproposed abolishmentofestatetax.Whilethepolicyhassomeemotionalattractions—it wouldprotecttheinheritorsofsomesmallbusinessesfromhavingtosellthe companiestopaytaxesanditistruethatmostpeoplehavebeentaxedontheir savingsoncealready—inpracticethetaxabolishmentwouldmainlybeanextra foraverysmallnumberofveryveryrichpeople.??Buffettand hiscompanycitethesefactorsintheirappealcallingforoppositiontothe estate-taxabolishment.Theyalsodiscusssomethingthat’sequallyemotionaland farmorecomplex;theprincipleofmeritocracy.Theideathateveryonein Americahasanequalchancethatourfatesarenotdeterminedbyaccidentsof birthisoneofourcorevalues.Andnowhereisthisprinciplemorerespected thaninthetechnologyeconomy;entrepreneurshipalmostbydefinitionexpresses theprincipleofmeritocracy.??Theapplicantsarguethat abolishingthetaxinthelongrunwillresultineitherincreasedtaxesor cutstoMedicareSocialSecurityenvironmentalprotectionandothergovernment programs.??Abolishingtheestate-taxwouldenrichtheheirsof America’smillionairesandbillionaireswhilehurtingfamilieswhostruggleto makeendsmeettheappealsays.??Anoldcommercialsays:He madehismoneyintheold-fashionedway:Heearnedit.Therewasaperfect parodyoftheadinwhichthelineread:Hemadehismoneyintheold-fashioned way:Heinheritedit.In20or50or100years.Whichoftheselineswillbe right?BuffetandSorosandtheirfriendstotheircreditwanttohelpmake thefirstonereal.Let’shopethisisonlyonestepinthatprocess.Whichofthefollowingisacorrectstatementfortheprincipleofmeritocracy?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Asystemtostopshipssinking{{/B}}??A newcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger toaholedvesselisthatfloodingofitscompartmentswillmakethe {{U}}?51?{{/U}}unstableenoughtocapsize.Itisestimatedthatnearly halftheship{{U}}?52?{{/U}}duringtheSecondWorldWarcapsized becauseoflossof{{U}}?53?{{/U}}.??PacerSystemof BurlingtonMassachusettshasnowrefinedasystemdevisedbyareserveU.S. NavyofficerStephenDrabouski.Thecomputerisprogrammedwitheverypossible eventualityofflooddamage.Oncetheactualdamageiskeyedintothecomputer theoperatoristoldbythecomputer{{U}}?54?{{/U}}theimplications are—andwhatcanbedonetore-establishthevessel.??Trialson theAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSMidwayhave{{U}}?55?{{/U}}thatthe reactiontimetodamagecanbecuttoafiftieth.Anincidentwassimulatedin whichtheshipwas{{U}}?56?{{/U}}bytwoExocetmissilescausing floodingto30{{U}}?57?{{/U}}receiptoftheflooddamageinformation inthedamagecontrolcentretoafullprintoutofdamageeffects {{U}}?58?{{/U}}countermeasuresandanassessmentoftheresultofthe countermeasures.??Inare-runoftheincident{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}thecomputerprogramthedamagecontrolofficertookfouranda quarterhourstoestablishtheeffectsofthedamageandanotherfourhours {{U}}?60?{{/U}}adecisioncouldbetakenoncountermeasures.? ?Althoughthesystemcanbeusedtoprovide{{U}}?61?{{/U}} controlofficerswithadvicetheydonotofcoursehaveto{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}theinformation.Quiteoftenthe{{U}}?63?{{/U}}solution willbeunacceptableforoperationalreasons.Whenthathappensthesystemcan beaskedforalternativesortheoperator{{U}}?64?{{/U}}interrogate thecomputertofindoutwhatwouldhappeniftheofficer’s{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}solutionwasputintoaction.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Asystemtostopshipssinking{{/B}}??A newcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger toaholedvesselisthatfloodingofitscompartmentswillmakethe {{U}}?51?{{/U}}unstableenoughtocapsize.Itisestimatedthatnearly halftheship{{U}}?52?{{/U}}duringtheSecondWorldWarcapsized becauseoflossof{{U}}?53?{{/U}}.??PacerSystemof BurlingtonMassachusettshasnowrefinedasystemdevisedbyareserveU.S. NavyofficerStephenDrabouski.Thecomputerisprogrammedwitheverypossible eventualityofflooddamage.Oncetheactualdamageiskeyedintothecomputer theoperatoristoldbythecomputer{{U}}?54?{{/U}}theimplications are—andwhatcanbedonetore-establishthevessel.??Trialson theAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSMidwayhave{{U}}?55?{{/U}}thatthe reactiontimetodamagecanbecuttoafiftieth.Anincidentwassimulatedin whichtheshipwas{{U}}?56?{{/U}}bytwoExocetmissilescausing floodingto30{{U}}?57?{{/U}}receiptoftheflooddamageinformation inthedamagecontrolcentretoafullprintoutofdamageeffects {{U}}?58?{{/U}}countermeasuresandanassessmentoftheresultofthe countermeasures.??Inare-runoftheincident{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}thecomputerprogramthedamagecontrolofficertookfouranda quarterhourstoestablishtheeffectsofthedamageandanotherfourhours {{U}}?60?{{/U}}adecisioncouldbetakenoncountermeasures.? ?Althoughthesystemcanbeusedtoprovide{{U}}?61?{{/U}} controlofficerswithadvicetheydonotofcoursehaveto{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}theinformation.Quiteoftenthe{{U}}?63?{{/U}}solution willbeunacceptableforoperationalreasons.Whenthathappensthesystemcan beaskedforalternativesortheoperator{{U}}?64?{{/U}}interrogate thecomputertofindoutwhatwouldhappeniftheofficer’s{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}solutionwasputintoaction.
I'mverysorrytohave{{U}}bothered{{/U}}youwithsomanyquestionsonsuchanoccasion.
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}Abolishingtheestate-tax{{/B}}? ?Recentlyabout120wealthyAmericanshadsignedanappealtooppose abolishingtheestate-tax.PresidentBushhasincludedabolishingestate-taxin his$1.6trilliontaxcutproposal.NormallywhendozensofAmericansjoinina politicalactivityitisnotparticularlynoteworthybutinthiscasethe dozensinclude:GeorgeSorosabillionairefinancier;WarrenBuffettan investorlistedasAmerica’sfourth-richestperson;thephilanthropistDavid RockefellerJr.;andWilliamGatesSr.aSeattlelawyerandfatherofAmerica’s richestmanMicrosoftCorp.ChairmanBillGates.??Itwasreally refreshingtoseeBuffettandGeorgeSorosandanumberofotherextremely wealthycelebritiesstandupinoppositiontoPresidentBush’sproposed abolishmentofestatetax.Whilethepolicyhassomeemotionalattractions—it wouldprotecttheinheritorsofsomesmallbusinessesfromhavingtosellthe companiestopaytaxesanditistruethatmostpeoplehavebeentaxedontheir savingsoncealready—inpracticethetaxabolishmentwouldmainlybeanextra foraverysmallnumberofveryveryrichpeople.??Buffettand hiscompanycitethesefactorsintheirappealcallingforoppositiontothe estate-taxabolishment.Theyalsodiscusssomethingthat’sequallyemotionaland farmorecomplex;theprincipleofmeritocracy.Theideathateveryonein Americahasanequalchancethatourfatesarenotdeterminedbyaccidentsof birthisoneofourcorevalues.Andnowhereisthisprinciplemorerespected thaninthetechnologyeconomy;entrepreneurshipalmostbydefinitionexpresses theprincipleofmeritocracy.??Theapplicantsarguethat abolishingthetaxinthelongrunwillresultineitherincreasedtaxesor cutstoMedicareSocialSecurityenvironmentalprotectionandothergovernment programs.??Abolishingtheestate-taxwouldenrichtheheirsof America’smillionairesandbillionaireswhilehurtingfamilieswhostruggleto makeendsmeettheappealsays.??Anoldcommercialsays:He madehismoneyintheold-fashionedway:Heearnedit.Therewasaperfect parodyoftheadinwhichthelineread:Hemadehismoneyintheold-fashioned way:Heinheritedit.In20or50or100years.Whichoftheselineswillbe right?BuffetandSorosandtheirfriendstotheircreditwanttohelpmake thefirstonereal.Let’shopethisisonlyonestepinthatprocess.Accordingtothepassage______hasproposedtoabolishtheestatetax.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}Thedifferencebetweenmenandwomen shoppers{{/B}}??Shoppingforclothesisnotthesame experienceforamanasitisforwoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneeds something.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathe wantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondary consideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhat theywant.Iftheshophasitinstockthesalesmanpromptlyproducesitand thebusinessoftryingitonproceedsatonce.Allbeingwellthedealcanbe andofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminuteswithhardlyandchatandto everyone’ssatisfaction.??Foramanslightproblemsmanybegin whentheshopdoesnothavewhathewantsordoesnothaveexactlywhathe wants.Inthatcasethesalesmanasthenameimpliestriestosellthe customersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.No goodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly;hedoessowithskilland polish:Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwantsirbutwouldyoulike totryitforsize.Ithappenstobethecolouryoumentioned.Fewmenhave patiencewiththistreatmentandtheusualresponseis:Thisistheright colourandmaybetherightsizebutIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursby tryingiton.??Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?In almosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoften basedonneed.Shehadneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewantsandsheis onlyhavingalookround.Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesets greatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsherevenbywhatcompanionstellher. Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtof findingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokes mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyare alwaysonthelookoutfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitharoomfulof dressesawomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanothertoand frooftenretracingherstepsbeforeselectingthedressesshewantstotry on.Itisalaboriousprocessbutapparentlyanenjoyableone.Mostdressshops provideschairsforthewaitinghusbands.Womenoftenbuythingswithoutgivingthematterproperthought.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}OceanEcosystemEndangered{{/B}}1.? ?SpanningtheoceanicdividebetweentheU.S.andRussiaitisoneofthe richestandmostcommerciallyproductivemarineenvironmentsonearthteeming withpollack保镖andhalibutfursealsandSteller’ssealionshornpuffins andmurres.Thesealsandseabirdsdependoncatchingfishandsodohumans. Morethan2000boatsfromtheU.S.RussiaJapanNorwayChinaPolandand theKoreashaulinanannualcatchworthroughly$1billion.Theportiontaken offtheshoresofAlaskaaloneamountstoone-halfthesealifecaughtby commercialfishingvesselsinU.S.waters.2.??Butwillthe bounty奖励last?Sincethemajorityoftheworld’sfisheriesareinastateof collagesastoomanyboatschasetoofewfishconservationistsfearthesame fatefortheBeringSeathelastgreatrefugeofmarineabundance.Competition amongcountriesfortherightstofishcertainsectorsoftheseaisalready fierceandcouldturnviolentasithaselsewhereintheworld.TheRussians haveseverelydepleted耗尽fishstocksintheirzoneandtheinternational areaopentoallboatscalledtheDoughnutHolehasbeennearlystrippedof commercialfish.3.??Nospeciesismoreimportanttomanand beastthanPollacktheNo.1ingredient成分offrozenfishsticksandthefish itemsservedbychainslikeBurgerKingandLongJohnSilver.Eachyearthe BeringSeayieldstwobillionkgofthisbottom—dwellingcreaturemakingthe Pollackbusinessthebiggestfishharvestintheworld.4.??On thesurfacethatbusinessishealthy:thePollackcatchhasstayednearrecord levels.Butsignsofoverfishingandanailingecosystemcanbeseemhigherup inthefoodchain.Thefur-sealpopulationhasnotincreaseddespitea long-standingbanoncommercialhunting.ThenumberofSteller’ssealions whichfeedmostlyonPollackhasplunged80%sincethe1970sandseabirdssuch asthered-leggedkittiwakearealsointrouble.5.??Evenif fishingisbroughtundercontroltheBeringSeafacesthreatsthatoriginate thousandsofmilesaway.Windcurrentsfromindustrialareasfartothesouth bringinpollutantslikeinsecticidesandheavymetalswhichcollectinthe tissuesofwildlifeandthelocalInuitpeople.Atthesametimetheregionhas beenwarmingupandpartofthereasonmaybethebuild-upofgreenhousegases intheatmosphere.Whateverthecauseseaicehasbeenretreatingfartherto thenorthmakinglifeharderforpolarbearsandotherice-dwelling animals.A.OtherthreatstotheBeringseaB.Pollack—themost importantkindofishC.TheproblemsmanycountiesfaceD.Howtoprotect BeringseaE.Over-fishingdestroysthefoodchainF.Whytocontrol fishingParagraph2______.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Asystemtostopshipssinking{{/B}}??A newcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger toaholedvesselisthatfloodingofitscompartmentswillmakethe {{U}}?51?{{/U}}unstableenoughtocapsize.Itisestimatedthatnearly halftheship{{U}}?52?{{/U}}duringtheSecondWorldWarcapsized becauseoflossof{{U}}?53?{{/U}}.??PacerSystemof BurlingtonMassachusettshasnowrefinedasystemdevisedbyareserveU.S. NavyofficerStephenDrabouski.Thecomputerisprogrammedwitheverypossible eventualityofflooddamage.Oncetheactualdamageiskeyedintothecomputer theoperatoristoldbythecomputer{{U}}?54?{{/U}}theimplications are—andwhatcanbedonetore-establishthevessel.??Trialson theAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSMidwayhave{{U}}?55?{{/U}}thatthe reactiontimetodamagecanbecuttoafiftieth.Anincidentwassimulatedin whichtheshipwas{{U}}?56?{{/U}}bytwoExocetmissilescausing floodingto30{{U}}?57?{{/U}}receiptoftheflooddamageinformation inthedamagecontrolcentretoafullprintoutofdamageeffects {{U}}?58?{{/U}}countermeasuresandanassessmentoftheresultofthe countermeasures.??Inare-runoftheincident{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}thecomputerprogramthedamagecontrolofficertookfouranda quarterhourstoestablishtheeffectsofthedamageandanotherfourhours {{U}}?60?{{/U}}adecisioncouldbetakenoncountermeasures.? ?Althoughthesystemcanbeusedtoprovide{{U}}?61?{{/U}} controlofficerswithadvicetheydonotofcoursehaveto{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}theinformation.Quiteoftenthe{{U}}?63?{{/U}}solution willbeunacceptableforoperationalreasons.Whenthathappensthesystemcan beaskedforalternativesortheoperator{{U}}?64?{{/U}}interrogate thecomputertofindoutwhatwouldhappeniftheofficer’s{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}solutionwasputintoaction.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Asystemtostopshipssinking{{/B}}??A newcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger toaholedvesselisthatfloodingofitscompartmentswillmakethe {{U}}?51?{{/U}}unstableenoughtocapsize.Itisestimatedthatnearly halftheship{{U}}?52?{{/U}}duringtheSecondWorldWarcapsized becauseoflossof{{U}}?53?{{/U}}.??PacerSystemof BurlingtonMassachusettshasnowrefinedasystemdevisedbyareserveU.S. NavyofficerStephenDrabouski.Thecomputerisprogrammedwitheverypossible eventualityofflooddamage.Oncetheactualdamageiskeyedintothecomputer theoperatoristoldbythecomputer{{U}}?54?{{/U}}theimplications are—andwhatcanbedonetore-establishthevessel.??Trialson theAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSMidwayhave{{U}}?55?{{/U}}thatthe reactiontimetodamagecanbecuttoafiftieth.Anincidentwassimulatedin whichtheshipwas{{U}}?56?{{/U}}bytwoExocetmissilescausing floodingto30{{U}}?57?{{/U}}receiptoftheflooddamageinformation inthedamagecontrolcentretoafullprintoutofdamageeffects {{U}}?58?{{/U}}countermeasuresandanassessmentoftheresultofthe countermeasures.??Inare-runoftheincident{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}thecomputerprogramthedamagecontrolofficertookfouranda quarterhourstoestablishtheeffectsofthedamageandanotherfourhours {{U}}?60?{{/U}}adecisioncouldbetakenoncountermeasures.? ?Althoughthesystemcanbeusedtoprovide{{U}}?61?{{/U}} controlofficerswithadvicetheydonotofcoursehaveto{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}theinformation.Quiteoftenthe{{U}}?63?{{/U}}solution willbeunacceptableforoperationalreasons.Whenthathappensthesystemcan beaskedforalternativesortheoperator{{U}}?64?{{/U}}interrogate thecomputertofindoutwhatwouldhappeniftheofficer’s{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}solutionwasputintoaction.
Thesefactorieswereclosedforfailingto{{U}}comply{{/U}}withtheair-pollutionlawsissuedbytheGovernment.
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}ThePentagon五角大楼{{/B}}??ThePentagon headquartersoftheDepartmentofDefenceinUSisoneoftheworld’slargest officebuildings.ItistwicethesizeoftheMerchandiseMartinChicagoand hasthreetimesthefloorspaceoftheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYork.There areveryfewpeoplethroughouttheUnitedStateswhodonothavesomeknowledge ofthePentagon.Manyhavefollowednewsstoriesemanatingfromthedefence establishmenthousedinthisbuilding.Howeverrelativelyfewpeoplehavehad theopportunitytovisit.??ThePentagonisvirtuallyacityin itself.Approximately23000employeesbothmilitaryandciviliancontribute totheplanningandexecutionofthedefenceofthecountry.Thesepeoplearrive dailyfromWashingtonD.C.anditssuburbsoverapproximately30milesof accesshighwaysincludingexpressbuslanesandoneofthenewestsubway systemsinthecountry.Theyridepast200acresoflawntoparkapproximately 8770carsin16parkinglots;climb131stairwaysorride19escalatorsto reachofficesthatoccupy3705squarefeet.Whileinthebuildingtheytell timeby4200clocksdrinkfrom691waterfountainsutilize284restrooms consume4500cupsofcoffee1700pintsofmilkand6800softdrinksprepared orservedbyarestaurantstaffof230personsanddistributedin1diningroom 2cafeterias6snackbarsandanoutdoorsnackbar.Therestaurantserviceis aprivatelyruncivilianoperationundercontracttothePentagon.? ?Strippedofitsoccupantsfurnitureandvariousdecorationsthebuilding aloneinanextraordinarystructure.BuiltduringtheearlyyearsofWorldWar Ⅱitisstillthoughtofasoneofthemostefficientofficebuildingsinthe world.Despite17.5milesofcorridorsittakesonlysevenminutestowalk betweenanytwopointsinthebuilding.WhichofthefollowingisnotmanagedbythePentagon?
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}Abolishingtheestate-tax{{/B}}? ?Recentlyabout120wealthyAmericanshadsignedanappealtooppose abolishingtheestate-tax.PresidentBushhasincludedabolishingestate-taxin his$1.6trilliontaxcutproposal.NormallywhendozensofAmericansjoinina politicalactivityitisnotparticularlynoteworthybutinthiscasethe dozensinclude:GeorgeSorosabillionairefinancier;WarrenBuffettan investorlistedasAmerica’sfourth-richestperson;thephilanthropistDavid RockefellerJr.;andWilliamGatesSr.aSeattlelawyerandfatherofAmerica’s richestmanMicrosoftCorp.ChairmanBillGates.??Itwasreally refreshingtoseeBuffettandGeorgeSorosandanumberofotherextremely wealthycelebritiesstandupinoppositiontoPresidentBush’sproposed abolishmentofestatetax.Whilethepolicyhassomeemotionalattractions—it wouldprotecttheinheritorsofsomesmallbusinessesfromhavingtosellthe companiestopaytaxesanditistruethatmostpeoplehavebeentaxedontheir savingsoncealready—inpracticethetaxabolishmentwouldmainlybeanextra foraverysmallnumberofveryveryrichpeople.??Buffettand hiscompanycitethesefactorsintheirappealcallingforoppositiontothe estate-taxabolishment.Theyalsodiscusssomethingthat’sequallyemotionaland farmorecomplex;theprincipleofmeritocracy.Theideathateveryonein Americahasanequalchancethatourfatesarenotdeterminedbyaccidentsof birthisoneofourcorevalues.Andnowhereisthisprinciplemorerespected thaninthetechnologyeconomy;entrepreneurshipalmostbydefinitionexpresses theprincipleofmeritocracy.??Theapplicantsarguethat abolishingthetaxinthelongrunwillresultineitherincreasedtaxesor cutstoMedicareSocialSecurityenvironmentalprotectionandothergovernment programs.??Abolishingtheestate-taxwouldenrichtheheirsof America’smillionairesandbillionaireswhilehurtingfamilieswhostruggleto makeendsmeettheappealsays.??Anoldcommercialsays:He madehismoneyintheold-fashionedway:Heearnedit.Therewasaperfect parodyoftheadinwhichthelineread:Hemadehismoneyintheold-fashioned way:Heinheritedit.In20or50or100years.Whichoftheselineswillbe right?BuffetandSorosandtheirfriendstotheircreditwanttohelpmake thefirstonereal.Let’shopethisisonlyonestepinthatprocess.InthesentenceWhichthepolicyhassomeemotionalattractions.inPara.2thepolicyrefersto______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 {{B}}OceanEcosystemEndangered{{/B}}1.? ?SpanningtheoceanicdividebetweentheU.S.andRussiaitisoneofthe richestandmostcommerciallyproductivemarineenvironmentsonearthteeming withpollack保镖andhalibutfursealsandSteller’ssealionshornpuffins andmurres.Thesealsandseabirdsdependoncatchingfishandsodohumans. Morethan2000boatsfromtheU.S.RussiaJapanNorwayChinaPolandand theKoreashaulinanannualcatchworthroughly$1billion.Theportiontaken offtheshoresofAlaskaaloneamountstoone-halfthesealifecaughtby commercialfishingvesselsinU.S.waters.2.??Butwillthe bounty奖励last?Sincethemajorityoftheworld’sfisheriesareinastateof collagesastoomanyboatschasetoofewfishconservationistsfearthesame fatefortheBeringSeathelastgreatrefugeofmarineabundance.Competition amongcountriesfortherightstofishcertainsectorsoftheseaisalready fierceandcouldturnviolentasithaselsewhereintheworld.TheRussians haveseverelydepleted耗尽fishstocksintheirzoneandtheinternational areaopentoallboatscalledtheDoughnutHolehasbeennearlystrippedof commercialfish.3.??Nospeciesismoreimportanttomanand beastthanPollacktheNo.1ingredient成分offrozenfishsticksandthefish itemsservedbychainslikeBurgerKingandLongJohnSilver.Eachyearthe BeringSeayieldstwobillionkgofthisbottom—dwellingcreaturemakingthe Pollackbusinessthebiggestfishharvestintheworld.4.??On thesurfacethatbusinessishealthy:thePollackcatchhasstayednearrecord levels.Butsignsofoverfishingandanailingecosystemcanbeseemhigherup inthefoodchain.Thefur-sealpopulationhasnotincreaseddespitea long-standingbanoncommercialhunting.ThenumberofSteller’ssealions whichfeedmostlyonPollackhasplunged80%sincethe1970sandseabirdssuch asthered-leggedkittiwakearealsointrouble.5.??Evenif fishingisbroughtundercontroltheBeringSeafacesthreatsthatoriginate thousandsofmilesaway.Windcurrentsfromindustrialareasfartothesouth bringinpollutantslikeinsecticidesandheavymetalswhichcollectinthe tissuesofwildlifeandthelocalInuitpeople.Atthesametimetheregionhas beenwarmingupandpartofthereasonmaybethebuild-upofgreenhousegases intheatmosphere.Whateverthecauseseaicehasbeenretreatingfartherto thenorthmakinglifeharderforpolarbearsandotherice-dwelling animals.A.OtherthreatstotheBeringseaB.Pollack—themost importantkindofishC.TheproblemsmanycountiesfaceD.Howtoprotect BeringseaE.Over-fishingdestroysthefoodchainF.Whytocontrol fishingMostoftheworld’smajorfisheriesare______.
{{*HTML*}} {{B}}ThePentagon五角大楼{{/B}}??ThePentagon headquartersoftheDepartmentofDefenceinUSisoneoftheworld’slargest officebuildings.ItistwicethesizeoftheMerchandiseMartinChicagoand hasthreetimesthefloorspaceoftheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYork.There areveryfewpeoplethroughouttheUnitedStateswhodonothavesomeknowledge ofthePentagon.Manyhavefollowednewsstoriesemanatingfromthedefence establishmenthousedinthisbuilding.Howeverrelativelyfewpeoplehavehad theopportunitytovisit.??ThePentagonisvirtuallyacityin itself.Approximately23000employeesbothmilitaryandciviliancontribute totheplanningandexecutionofthedefenceofthecountry.Thesepeoplearrive dailyfromWashingtonD.C.anditssuburbsoverapproximately30milesof accesshighwaysincludingexpressbuslanesandoneofthenewestsubway systemsinthecountry.Theyridepast200acresoflawntoparkapproximately 8770carsin16parkinglots;climb131stairwaysorride19escalatorsto reachofficesthatoccupy3705squarefeet.Whileinthebuildingtheytell timeby4200clocksdrinkfrom691waterfountainsutilize284restrooms consume4500cupsofcoffee1700pintsofmilkand6800softdrinksprepared orservedbyarestaurantstaffof230personsanddistributedin1diningroom 2cafeterias6snackbarsandanoutdoorsnackbar.Therestaurantserviceis aprivatelyruncivilianoperationundercontracttothePentagon.? ?Strippedofitsoccupantsfurnitureandvariousdecorationsthebuilding aloneinanextraordinarystructure.BuiltduringtheearlyyearsofWorldWar Ⅱitisstillthoughtofasoneofthemostefficientofficebuildingsinthe world.Despite17.5milesofcorridorsittakesonlysevenminutestowalk betweenanytwopointsinthebuilding.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetransportationofthePentagonisNOTtrue?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}Thedifferencebetweenmenandwomen shoppers{{/B}}??Shoppingforclothesisnotthesame experienceforamanasitisforwoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneeds something.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathe wantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondary consideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhat theywant.Iftheshophasitinstockthesalesmanpromptlyproducesitand thebusinessoftryingitonproceedsatonce.Allbeingwellthedealcanbe andofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminuteswithhardlyandchatandto everyone’ssatisfaction.??Foramanslightproblemsmanybegin whentheshopdoesnothavewhathewantsordoesnothaveexactlywhathe wants.Inthatcasethesalesmanasthenameimpliestriestosellthe customersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.No goodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly;hedoessowithskilland polish:Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwantsirbutwouldyoulike totryitforsize.Ithappenstobethecolouryoumentioned.Fewmenhave patiencewiththistreatmentandtheusualresponseis:Thisistheright colourandmaybetherightsizebutIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursby tryingiton.??Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?In almosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoften basedonneed.Shehadneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewantsandsheis onlyhavingalookround.Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesets greatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsherevenbywhatcompanionstellher. Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtof findingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokes mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyare alwaysonthelookoutfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitharoomfulof dressesawomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanothertoand frooftenretracingherstepsbeforeselectingthedressesshewantstotry on.Itisalaboriousprocessbutapparentlyanenjoyableone.Mostdressshops provideschairsforthewaitinghusbands.Themostobviousdifferencebetweenmenandwomenshoppersliesinthatwomenbargainfortheirclothesbutmendonot.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 {{B}}Asystemtostopshipssinking{{/B}}??A newcomputersystemhasbeendesignedtostopshipssinking.Thegreatestdanger toaholedvesselisthatfloodingofitscompartmentswillmakethe {{U}}?51?{{/U}}unstableenoughtocapsize.Itisestimatedthatnearly halftheship{{U}}?52?{{/U}}duringtheSecondWorldWarcapsized becauseoflossof{{U}}?53?{{/U}}.??PacerSystemof BurlingtonMassachusettshasnowrefinedasystemdevisedbyareserveU.S. NavyofficerStephenDrabouski.Thecomputerisprogrammedwitheverypossible eventualityofflooddamage.Oncetheactualdamageiskeyedintothecomputer theoperatoristoldbythecomputer{{U}}?54?{{/U}}theimplications are—andwhatcanbedonetore-establishthevessel.??Trialson theAmericanaircraftcarrierUSSMidwayhave{{U}}?55?{{/U}}thatthe reactiontimetodamagecanbecuttoafiftieth.Anincidentwassimulatedin whichtheshipwas{{U}}?56?{{/U}}bytwoExocetmissilescausing floodingto30{{U}}?57?{{/U}}receiptoftheflooddamageinformation inthedamagecontrolcentretoafullprintoutofdamageeffects {{U}}?58?{{/U}}countermeasuresandanassessmentoftheresultofthe countermeasures.??Inare-runoftheincident{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}thecomputerprogramthedamagecontrolofficertookfouranda quarterhourstoestablishtheeffectsofthedamageandanotherfourhours {{U}}?60?{{/U}}adecisioncouldbetakenoncountermeasures.? ?Althoughthesystemcanbeusedtoprovide{{U}}?61?{{/U}} controlofficerswithadvicetheydonotofcoursehaveto{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}theinformation.Quiteoftenthe{{U}}?63?{{/U}}solution willbeunacceptableforoperationalreasons.Whenthathappensthesystemcan beaskedforalternativesortheoperator{{U}}?64?{{/U}}interrogate thecomputertofindoutwhatwouldhappeniftheofficer’s{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}solutionwasputintoaction.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 {{B}}Thedifferencebetweenmenandwomen shoppers{{/B}}??Shoppingforclothesisnotthesame experienceforamanasitisforwoman.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneeds something.Hispurposeissettledanddecidedinadvance.Heknowswhathe wantsandhisobjectiveistofinditandbuyit;thepriceisasecondary consideration.Allmensimplywalkintoashopandasktheassistantforwhat theywant.Iftheshophasitinstockthesalesmanpromptlyproducesitand thebusinessoftryingitonproceedsatonce.Allbeingwellthedealcanbe andofteniscompletedinlessthanfiveminuteswithhardlyandchatandto everyone’ssatisfaction.??Foramanslightproblemsmanybegin whentheshopdoesnothavewhathewantsordoesnothaveexactlywhathe wants.Inthatcasethesalesmanasthenameimpliestriestosellthe customersomethingelse—heoffersthenearesthecantothearticlerequired.No goodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitutebluntly;hedoessowithskilland polish:Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwantsirbutwouldyoulike totryitforsize.Ithappenstobethecolouryoumentioned.Fewmenhave patiencewiththistreatmentandtheusualresponseis:Thisistheright colourandmaybetherightsizebutIshouldbewastingmytimeandyoursby tryingiton.??Nowhowdoesawomangoaboutbuyingclothes?In almosteveryrespectshedoessointheoppositeway.Hershoppingisnotoften basedonneed.Shehadneverfullymadeuphermindwhatshewantsandsheis onlyhavingalookround.Sheisalwaysopentopersuasion;indeedshesets greatstorebywhatthesaleswomantellsherevenbywhatcompanionstellher. Shewilltryonanynumberofthings.Uppermostinhermindisthethoughtof findingsomethingthateveryonethinkssuitsher.Contrarytoalotofjokes mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvaluewhentheybuyclothes.Theyare alwaysonthelookoutfortheunexpectedbargain.Facedwitharoomfulof dressesawomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanothertoand frooftenretracingherstepsbeforeselectingthedressesshewantstotry on.Itisalaboriousprocessbutapparentlyanenjoyableone.Mostdressshops provideschairsforthewaitinghusbands.Womenshoppersforclotheswelcomesuggestionsfromanyone.
She{{U}}declined{{/U}}tohavelunchwithherfriendsayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.
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