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? ?阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
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{{*HTML*}}?下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 WalkaQuarter-MileorDie? ?Ifyoucanwalkaquarter-mileodds可能性areyouhaveatleastsixyears oflifeleftinyouscientistssay.Andthefasteryoucan{{U}}?51 ?{{/U}}itthelongeryoumightlive.??Whilewalkingisno guaranteeof{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orlongevity长寿anewstudyfoundthat theabilityofelderlypeopletodothequarter-milewasanimportant determinant决定因素inwhetherornotthey’dbe{{U}}?53?{{/U}}six yearslaterandhowmuchillnessanddisabilitytheywouldendure.? ?The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}tocompletethiswalkwasapowerful predictorofhealthoutcomes.saidstudyleaderAnneNewmanoftheUniversity ofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine.?Infactwe{{U}}?55?{{/U}} thatthepeoplewhocouldnotcompletethewalkwere{{U}}?56?{{/U}}an extremelyhighriskoflaterdisabilityanddeath.??Newmanand colleaguesrecruitednearly2700whiteandAfrican-Americanmenandwomenaged 70to79to{{U}}?57?{{/U}}thewalk.Alltheparticipantswere screenedanddeterminedtobeinrelatively{{U}}?58?{{/U}}healthand theyhadallsaidtheyhadpreviouslywalkedthatfarwithno{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}.Only86percentofthemfinished{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}.??Thescientiststhenmonitoredthehealthand mortalityofall{{U}}?61?{{/U}}forthenextsixyears.Therewasa biggapinhealthoutcomes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}peoplewhocouldcomplete thelongerwalkandpeoplewhocouldnotwiththelatterbeingatanextremely high{{U}}?63?{{/U}}ofbecomingdisabledordying.Newmansaid. Whatwasreallysurprisingisthatthesepeoplewerenot{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}ofhowweaktheyactuallywere.??Finishingtimes werefoundtobecrucialtoo.Thosewhocompletedthewalkbutwereamongthe slowest25percent{{U}}?65?{{/U}}threetimesgreaterriskofdeath thanthespeedierfolks.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ??????????? ?????????{{B}}ChinaSeeks DonorstoNarrowBoneMarrowGap{{/B}}??1?Chinahaslaunched acampaigntorecruitmorebonemarrowdonorsamidashortageoffundsaswell asofsiblingdonorswhocouldhelpthegrowingnumberofpatientsinneedof lifesavingtransplantsstatemediareportedonMonday.??2 ?TheChineseRedCrossbeganthenationalcampaignovertheweekendtofind donorsforsome4millionpatientssufferingfromleukaemiathalassaemiaand otherblooddiseasesandawaitingbonemarrowtransplantstheofficialChina Dailysaid.EveryyearChinahas40000newleukaemiapatientsmostofthem under35and50percentofthemchildrenthenewspapersaid.Otherreportshave linkedChina’sgrowingchildhoodleukaemiatosolventsandbuildingmaterials usedininteriordecoration.??3?Withatinypoolofbone marrowdonorsweakenedbytheabsenceofsiblingdonorsformostchildren becauseofChina’sone-childpolicydoctorsrelyondonorsfromTaiwantosave manyyoungleukaemiapatientstheBeijingEveningNewssaidlastweekend. Taiwanwithapopulationof22millionhas210000registereddonorscompared withfewerthan30000donorsamongmainlandChina’s1.3billionpeoplethe newspapersaid.??4?Yetthelackofregistereddonorsmay reflectalackoffundingfortestingandrecordingdataonpotentialdonors ratherthanalackofvolunteersthenewspapersaid.Chinaneedsapoolofat 1east100000donorsbuttestingthemwouldcostmorethan50millionyuanit said.??5?TheHongKongMarrowMatchFoundationsaidithas helpedahandfulofpatientsinBeijingShanghaiandothercities.The numberofrequestsisincreasingfrommainlandChinaincludingdirectcallsto thecharityfromdesperatepatientsorrelativessaidthefoundation’sdonor coordinatorMarvenChin.Butthecostofextractingbonemarrowfromoneofthe foundation’s40000registereddonorsandflyingitbycourierhastobeborne bythepatientsandmanyofthemhavetobeaidedfinanciallyChinsaid.Paragraph4______
{{*HTML*}}?下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 WalkaQuarter-MileorDie? ?Ifyoucanwalkaquarter-mileodds可能性areyouhaveatleastsixyears oflifeleftinyouscientistssay.Andthefasteryoucan{{U}}?51 ?{{/U}}itthelongeryoumightlive.??Whilewalkingisno guaranteeof{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orlongevity长寿anewstudyfoundthat theabilityofelderlypeopletodothequarter-milewasanimportant determinant决定因素inwhetherornotthey’dbe{{U}}?53?{{/U}}six yearslaterandhowmuchillnessanddisabilitytheywouldendure.? ?The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}tocompletethiswalkwasapowerful predictorofhealthoutcomes.saidstudyleaderAnneNewmanoftheUniversity ofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine.?Infactwe{{U}}?55?{{/U}} thatthepeoplewhocouldnotcompletethewalkwere{{U}}?56?{{/U}}an extremelyhighriskoflaterdisabilityanddeath.??Newmanand colleaguesrecruitednearly2700whiteandAfrican-Americanmenandwomenaged 70to79to{{U}}?57?{{/U}}thewalk.Alltheparticipantswere screenedanddeterminedtobeinrelatively{{U}}?58?{{/U}}healthand theyhadallsaidtheyhadpreviouslywalkedthatfarwithno{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}.Only86percentofthemfinished{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}.??Thescientiststhenmonitoredthehealthand mortalityofall{{U}}?61?{{/U}}forthenextsixyears.Therewasa biggapinhealthoutcomes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}peoplewhocouldcomplete thelongerwalkandpeoplewhocouldnotwiththelatterbeingatanextremely high{{U}}?63?{{/U}}ofbecomingdisabledordying.Newmansaid. Whatwasreallysurprisingisthatthesepeoplewerenot{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}ofhowweaktheyactuallywere.??Finishingtimes werefoundtobecrucialtoo.Thosewhocompletedthewalkbutwereamongthe slowest25percent{{U}}?65?{{/U}}threetimesgreaterriskofdeath thanthespeedierfolks.
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ??????????? {{B}}DangersAwaitBabieswithAltitude{{/B}}??Womenwholiveinthe world’shighestcommunitiestendtogivebirthtounder-weightbabiesanew studysuggests.Thesebabiesmaygrowintoadultswithahighriskofheart diseaseandstrokes.??Researchhashintedthatnewbornsin mountaincommunitiesarelighterthanaverageButitwasn’tclearwhetherthis isduetoreducedoxygenlevelsathighaltitudeorbecausetheirmothersare under-nourished—manypeoplewholiveathighaltitudesarerelativelypoor comparedwiththoselivinglowerdown.??TofindoutmoreDino GiussaniandhisteamatCambridgeUniversitystudiedtherecordsof400births inBoliviaduring1997and1998.Thebabieswereborninbothrichandpoor areasoftwocities:LaPazandSantaCruz.LaPazisthehighestcityinthe worldat3.65kilometersabovesealevelwhileSantaCruzismuchlowerat 0.44kilometers.??SureenoughGiussanifoundthattheaverage birthweightofbabiesinLaPazwassignificantlylowerthaninSantaCruz.This wastrueinbothhighandlow-incomefamilies.Evenbabiesborntopoorfamilies inSantaCruzwereheavieronaveragethanbabiesborntowealthyfamiliesin loftyLaPaz.WewereverysurprisedbythisresultsaysGiussani.? ?Theresultssuggestthatbabiesbornathighaltitudearedeprivedof oxygenbeforebirth.Thismaytriggerthereleaseorsuppressionofhormones thatregulategrowthoftheunbornchildsaysGiussani.??His teamalsofoundthathigh-altitudebabiestendedtohaverelativelylargerheads comparedwiththeirbodies.Thisisprobablybecauseafetusstarvedofoxygen willsendoxygenatedbloodtothebraininpreferencetotherestofthe body.??Giussaniwantstofindoutifsuchbabieshaveahigher riskofdiseaseinlaterlife.PeopleborninLaPazmightbepronetoheart troubleinadulthoodforexample.Lowbirthweightisariskfactorforcoronary heartdisease.Andnewbornswithahighratioofheadsizetobodyweightare oftenpredisposedtohighbloodpressureandstrokesinlater life.Theweightofanewbornhastodowiththesupplyofoxygenevenwhenhewasstillinhismother’swomb.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ??????????? ?????????{{B}}ChinaSeeks DonorstoNarrowBoneMarrowGap{{/B}}??1?Chinahaslaunched acampaigntorecruitmorebonemarrowdonorsamidashortageoffundsaswell asofsiblingdonorswhocouldhelpthegrowingnumberofpatientsinneedof lifesavingtransplantsstatemediareportedonMonday.??2 ?TheChineseRedCrossbeganthenationalcampaignovertheweekendtofind donorsforsome4millionpatientssufferingfromleukaemiathalassaemiaand otherblooddiseasesandawaitingbonemarrowtransplantstheofficialChina Dailysaid.EveryyearChinahas40000newleukaemiapatientsmostofthem under35and50percentofthemchildrenthenewspapersaid.Otherreportshave linkedChina’sgrowingchildhoodleukaemiatosolventsandbuildingmaterials usedininteriordecoration.??3?Withatinypoolofbone marrowdonorsweakenedbytheabsenceofsiblingdonorsformostchildren becauseofChina’sone-childpolicydoctorsrelyondonorsfromTaiwantosave manyyoungleukaemiapatientstheBeijingEveningNewssaidlastweekend. Taiwanwithapopulationof22millionhas210000registereddonorscompared withfewerthan30000donorsamongmainlandChina’s1.3billionpeoplethe newspapersaid.??4?Yetthelackofregistereddonorsmay reflectalackoffundingfortestingandrecordingdataonpotentialdonors ratherthanalackofvolunteersthenewspapersaid.Chinaneedsapoolofat 1east100000donorsbuttestingthemwouldcostmorethan50millionyuanit said.??5?TheHongKongMarrowMatchFoundationsaidithas helpedahandfulofpatientsinBeijingShanghaiandothercities.The numberofrequestsisincreasingfrommainlandChinaincludingdirectcallsto thecharityfromdesperatepatientsorrelativessaidthefoundation’sdonor coordinatorMarvenChin.Butthecostofextractingbonemarrowfromoneofthe foundation’s40000registereddonorsandflyingitbycourierhastobeborne bythepatientsandmanyofthemhavetobeaidedfinanciallyChinsaid.Somesolventsandbuildingmaterialsareconsidered______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}Dreams{{/B}}??Studies showthatindreamsthingsareseenandheardratherthanthought.Intermsof thesensesvisualexperienceispresentinalmostalldreams;auditory experiencein40to50percent;andtouchtastesmellandpainina relativelysmallpercentage.Aconsiderableamountofemotioniscommonly presentusuallyapureandsingleemotionsuchasfearangerorjoy? ?Twoclearlydistinguishablestatesofsleepexist.Thefirststatecalled NREM-sleepnon-rapid-eye-movementsleepoccupiesmostofthesleepperiodand isassociatedwitharelativelylowpulseandbloodpressureandfeworno reportsofdreaming.ThesecondtypeofsleepknownasREM-sleep rapid-eye-movementsleepoccurscyclicallyduringthesleepperiodwithrapid eyemovementsandfrequentdreamreports.Typicallyapersonhasfourorfive periodsofREM-sleepduringthenightwhetherthedreamsarerememberedoften rarelyornotatall;theyoccuratintervalsofabout90minutesand altogethermakeupabout25percentofthenight’ssleepasmuchas50percent inanewbornchild.Evidenceindicatesthatadreamperiodusuallylastsfrom5 to20minutes.Soundsandtouchesworkingonadreamercangointoadreamif theyoccurduringaREM-period.Althoughmentalactivitymaybereportedduring NREM-sleeptheseareusuallyshortpiecesofthoughtlikeexperiences.? ?Moderndreamresearchhasfocusedontwogeneralinterpretationsofdream content.Inoneviewdreamshavenomeaningoftheirownbutaresimplya processbywhichthebrainintegratesnewinformationintomemories.Inthe otherviewdreamscontainrealmeaningsymbolizedinapicturelanguage distinctfromconsciouslogicalthought.Ifdreamsexpressimportantwishes fearsconcernsandworriesofthedreamerthestudyandanalysisofdreams canhelprevealpreviouslyunknownaspectsofaperson’smental functioning.Accordingtothisarticlewe
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ??????????? ?????????{{B}}ChinaSeeks DonorstoNarrowBoneMarrowGap{{/B}}??1?Chinahaslaunched acampaigntorecruitmorebonemarrowdonorsamidashortageoffundsaswell asofsiblingdonorswhocouldhelpthegrowingnumberofpatientsinneedof lifesavingtransplantsstatemediareportedonMonday.??2 ?TheChineseRedCrossbeganthenationalcampaignovertheweekendtofind donorsforsome4millionpatientssufferingfromleukaemiathalassaemiaand otherblooddiseasesandawaitingbonemarrowtransplantstheofficialChina Dailysaid.EveryyearChinahas40000newleukaemiapatientsmostofthem under35and50percentofthemchildrenthenewspapersaid.Otherreportshave linkedChina’sgrowingchildhoodleukaemiatosolventsandbuildingmaterials usedininteriordecoration.??3?Withatinypoolofbone marrowdonorsweakenedbytheabsenceofsiblingdonorsformostchildren becauseofChina’sone-childpolicydoctorsrelyondonorsfromTaiwantosave manyyoungleukaemiapatientstheBeijingEveningNewssaidlastweekend. Taiwanwithapopulationof22millionhas210000registereddonorscompared withfewerthan30000donorsamongmainlandChina’s1.3billionpeoplethe newspapersaid.??4?Yetthelackofregistereddonorsmay reflectalackoffundingfortestingandrecordingdataonpotentialdonors ratherthanalackofvolunteersthenewspapersaid.Chinaneedsapoolofat 1east100000donorsbuttestingthemwouldcostmorethan50millionyuanit said.??5?TheHongKongMarrowMatchFoundationsaidithas helpedahandfulofpatientsinBeijingShanghaiandothercities.The numberofrequestsisincreasingfrommainlandChinaincludingdirectcallsto thecharityfromdesperatepatientsorrelativessaidthefoundation’sdonor coordinatorMarvenChin.Butthecostofextractingbonemarrowfromoneofthe foundation’s40000registereddonorsandflyingitbycourierhastobeborne bythepatientsandmanyofthemhavetobeaidedfinanciallyChinsaid.Itseemsthatmanyoftherecipientsarenotrichenough______. A?aboutonepercentofthetotalpopulation B?toberesponsibleforchildhoodleukaemia C?anurgentandtoughtasktobeaccomplished D?lessthanonethirdoftheminimum E?anexpensivecosttobepaid F?toaffordthecostofbonemarrowtransplantation
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}WarmPeopleLikelytoKeepColdatBay{{/B}}? ?Stayingpositivethroughthecoldseasoncouldbeyourbestdefense againstgettingillnewstudyfindingssuggest.Inanexperimentthatexposed healthyvolunteerstoacoldorfluvirusresearchersfoundthatpeoplewitha generallysunnydispositionwerelesslikelytofallill.??The findingspublishedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicinebuildonevidence thatapositiveemotionalstylecanhelpwardoffthecommoncoldandother illnesses.Researchersbelievethereasonsmaybebothobjectiveasinhappiness boostingimmunefunctionandsubjectiveasinhappypeoplebeinglesstroubled byascratchythroatorrunnynose.??Peoplewithapositive emotionalstylemayhavedifferentimmuneresponsestothevirusexplained leadstudyauthorDrSheldonCohenofCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh. Andwhentheydogetacoldtheymayinterprettheirillnessasbeingless severe.??Cohenandhiscolleagueshadboundinapreviousstudy thathappierpeopleseemedlesssusceptibletocatchingacoldbutsome questionsremainedastowhethertheemotionaltraititselfhadthe effect.??Forthenewstudytheresearchershad193healthy adultscompletestandardmeasuresofpersonalitytraitsself-perceivedhealth andemotionalstyle.Thosewhotendedtobehappyenergeticandeasy-going werejudgedashavingapositiveemotionalstylewhilethosewhowereoften unhappytenseandhostilehadanegativestyle.??Theresearchers gavethemnasaldropscontainingeitheracoldvirusoraparticularfluvirus. Overthenextsixdaysthevolunteersreportedonanyachespainssneezingor congestiontheyhadwhiletheresearcherscollectedobjectivedatalikedaily mucusproduction.Cohenandhiscolleaguesfoundthatbasedonobjective measuresofnasalwoeshappypeoplewerelesslikelytodevelopa cold.WhichofthefollowingitemsisNOTincludedinthedatathattheresearcherscollected?
{{*HTML*}}?下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 WalkaQuarter-MileorDie? ?Ifyoucanwalkaquarter-mileodds可能性areyouhaveatleastsixyears oflifeleftinyouscientistssay.Andthefasteryoucan{{U}}?51 ?{{/U}}itthelongeryoumightlive.??Whilewalkingisno guaranteeof{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orlongevity长寿anewstudyfoundthat theabilityofelderlypeopletodothequarter-milewasanimportant determinant决定因素inwhetherornotthey’dbe{{U}}?53?{{/U}}six yearslaterandhowmuchillnessanddisabilitytheywouldendure.? ?The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}tocompletethiswalkwasapowerful predictorofhealthoutcomes.saidstudyleaderAnneNewmanoftheUniversity ofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine.?Infactwe{{U}}?55?{{/U}} thatthepeoplewhocouldnotcompletethewalkwere{{U}}?56?{{/U}}an extremelyhighriskoflaterdisabilityanddeath.??Newmanand colleaguesrecruitednearly2700whiteandAfrican-Americanmenandwomenaged 70to79to{{U}}?57?{{/U}}thewalk.Alltheparticipantswere screenedanddeterminedtobeinrelatively{{U}}?58?{{/U}}healthand theyhadallsaidtheyhadpreviouslywalkedthatfarwithno{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}.Only86percentofthemfinished{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}.??Thescientiststhenmonitoredthehealthand mortalityofall{{U}}?61?{{/U}}forthenextsixyears.Therewasa biggapinhealthoutcomes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}peoplewhocouldcomplete thelongerwalkandpeoplewhocouldnotwiththelatterbeingatanextremely high{{U}}?63?{{/U}}ofbecomingdisabledordying.Newmansaid. Whatwasreallysurprisingisthatthesepeoplewerenot{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}ofhowweaktheyactuallywere.??Finishingtimes werefoundtobecrucialtoo.Thosewhocompletedthewalkbutwereamongthe slowest25percent{{U}}?65?{{/U}}threetimesgreaterriskofdeath thanthespeedierfolks.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ?{{B}}DrugReactionsmaMajorCauseofDeath{{/B}}??Adverse drugreactionsmaycausethedeathsofover100000UShospitalpatientseach yearmakingthemaleadingcauseofdeathnationwideaccordingtoareportin theJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.??Theincidence ofseriousandfataladversedrugreactionsADRsinUShospitalswasfoundto beextremelyhighsayresearchersattheUniversityofTorontoinOntario Canada.??Theycarriedonananalysisof39ADR-relatedstudiesat UShospitalsoverthepast30yearsanddefinedanADRasanyharmful unintendedandundesiredeffectofadragwhichoccursatdosesusedinhumans forpreventiondiagnosisortherapy.??Anaverage6.7%ofall hospitalizedpatientsexperienceanADReveryyearaccordingtothe researchers.Theyestimatethatin1994overall2216000hospitalized patientshadseriousADRsand106000hadfatalADRs.ThismeansthatADRsmay rankasthefourthsinglelargestcauseofdeathinAmerica.??And theseincidencefiguresareprobablyconservativetheresearchersaddsince theirADRdefinitiondidnotincludeoutcomeslinkedtoproblemsindrug administrationoverdosesdrugabuseandtherapeuticfailures.? ?ThecontrolofADRsalsomeansspendingmoremoney.OneUSstudyestimated theoverallcostoftreatingADRsatupto$4billionperyear.? ?Dr.DavidBatesofBrighamandWomen’sHospitalinBostonMassachusetts believesthathealthcareworkersneedtopaymoreattentiontotheproblem especiallysincemanyADRsareeasilypreventable.Whenapatientdevelopsan allergyorsensitivityitisoftennotrecordedBatesnotesandpatients receivedrugstowhichtheyhaveknownallergiesorsensitivitieswith disturbingfrequency.Hebelievescomputerizedsurveillancesystems—still works-in-progressatmanyofthenation’shospitals—shouldhelpcutdownthe frequencyofthesetypesoferrors.ResearchersattheUniversityofTorontobelievethat
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{{*HTML*}}?下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 WalkaQuarter-MileorDie? ?Ifyoucanwalkaquarter-mileodds可能性areyouhaveatleastsixyears oflifeleftinyouscientistssay.Andthefasteryoucan{{U}}?51 ?{{/U}}itthelongeryoumightlive.??Whilewalkingisno guaranteeof{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orlongevity长寿anewstudyfoundthat theabilityofelderlypeopletodothequarter-milewasanimportant determinant决定因素inwhetherornotthey’dbe{{U}}?53?{{/U}}six yearslaterandhowmuchillnessanddisabilitytheywouldendure.? ?The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}tocompletethiswalkwasapowerful predictorofhealthoutcomes.saidstudyleaderAnneNewmanoftheUniversity ofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine.?Infactwe{{U}}?55?{{/U}} thatthepeoplewhocouldnotcompletethewalkwere{{U}}?56?{{/U}}an extremelyhighriskoflaterdisabilityanddeath.??Newmanand colleaguesrecruitednearly2700whiteandAfrican-Americanmenandwomenaged 70to79to{{U}}?57?{{/U}}thewalk.Alltheparticipantswere screenedanddeterminedtobeinrelatively{{U}}?58?{{/U}}healthand theyhadallsaidtheyhadpreviouslywalkedthatfarwithno{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}.Only86percentofthemfinished{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}.??Thescientiststhenmonitoredthehealthand mortalityofall{{U}}?61?{{/U}}forthenextsixyears.Therewasa biggapinhealthoutcomes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}peoplewhocouldcomplete thelongerwalkandpeoplewhocouldnotwiththelatterbeingatanextremely high{{U}}?63?{{/U}}ofbecomingdisabledordying.Newmansaid. Whatwasreallysurprisingisthatthesepeoplewerenot{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}ofhowweaktheyactuallywere.??Finishingtimes werefoundtobecrucialtoo.Thosewhocompletedthewalkbutwereamongthe slowest25percent{{U}}?65?{{/U}}threetimesgreaterriskofdeath thanthespeedierfolks.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ??????????? {{B}}DangersAwaitBabieswithAltitude{{/B}}??Womenwholiveinthe world’shighestcommunitiestendtogivebirthtounder-weightbabiesanew studysuggests.Thesebabiesmaygrowintoadultswithahighriskofheart diseaseandstrokes.??Researchhashintedthatnewbornsin mountaincommunitiesarelighterthanaverageButitwasn’tclearwhetherthis isduetoreducedoxygenlevelsathighaltitudeorbecausetheirmothersare under-nourished—manypeoplewholiveathighaltitudesarerelativelypoor comparedwiththoselivinglowerdown.??TofindoutmoreDino GiussaniandhisteamatCambridgeUniversitystudiedtherecordsof400births inBoliviaduring1997and1998.Thebabieswereborninbothrichandpoor areasoftwocities:LaPazandSantaCruz.LaPazisthehighestcityinthe worldat3.65kilometersabovesealevelwhileSantaCruzismuchlowerat 0.44kilometers.??SureenoughGiussanifoundthattheaverage birthweightofbabiesinLaPazwassignificantlylowerthaninSantaCruz.This wastrueinbothhighandlow-incomefamilies.Evenbabiesborntopoorfamilies inSantaCruzwereheavieronaveragethanbabiesborntowealthyfamiliesin loftyLaPaz.WewereverysurprisedbythisresultsaysGiussani.? ?Theresultssuggestthatbabiesbornathighaltitudearedeprivedof oxygenbeforebirth.Thismaytriggerthereleaseorsuppressionofhormones thatregulategrowthoftheunbornchildsaysGiussani.??His teamalsofoundthathigh-altitudebabiestendedtohaverelativelylargerheads comparedwiththeirbodies.Thisisprobablybecauseafetusstarvedofoxygen willsendoxygenatedbloodtothebraininpreferencetotherestofthe body.??Giussaniwantstofindoutifsuchbabieshaveahigher riskofdiseaseinlaterlife.PeopleborninLaPazmightbepronetoheart troubleinadulthoodforexample.Lowbirthweightisariskfactorforcoronary heartdisease.Andnewbornswithahighratioofheadsizetobodyweightare oftenpredisposedtohighbloodpressureandstrokesinlater life.Giussani’steammembersareallBritishresearchersandprofessorsfromCambridgeUniversity.
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{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 ?????????? ??????????? ?????????{{B}}ChinaSeeks DonorstoNarrowBoneMarrowGap{{/B}}??1?Chinahaslaunched acampaigntorecruitmorebonemarrowdonorsamidashortageoffundsaswell asofsiblingdonorswhocouldhelpthegrowingnumberofpatientsinneedof lifesavingtransplantsstatemediareportedonMonday.??2 ?TheChineseRedCrossbeganthenationalcampaignovertheweekendtofind donorsforsome4millionpatientssufferingfromleukaemiathalassaemiaand otherblooddiseasesandawaitingbonemarrowtransplantstheofficialChina Dailysaid.EveryyearChinahas40000newleukaemiapatientsmostofthem under35and50percentofthemchildrenthenewspapersaid.Otherreportshave linkedChina’sgrowingchildhoodleukaemiatosolventsandbuildingmaterials usedininteriordecoration.??3?Withatinypoolofbone marrowdonorsweakenedbytheabsenceofsiblingdonorsformostchildren becauseofChina’sone-childpolicydoctorsrelyondonorsfromTaiwantosave manyyoungleukaemiapatientstheBeijingEveningNewssaidlastweekend. Taiwanwithapopulationof22millionhas210000registereddonorscompared withfewerthan30000donorsamongmainlandChina’s1.3billionpeoplethe newspapersaid.??4?Yetthelackofregistereddonorsmay reflectalackoffundingfortestingandrecordingdataonpotentialdonors ratherthanalackofvolunteersthenewspapersaid.Chinaneedsapoolofat 1east100000donorsbuttestingthemwouldcostmorethan50millionyuanit said.??5?TheHongKongMarrowMatchFoundationsaidithas helpedahandfulofpatientsinBeijingShanghaiandothercities.The numberofrequestsisincreasingfrommainlandChinaincludingdirectcallsto thecharityfromdesperatepatientsorrelativessaidthefoundation’sdonor coordinatorMarvenChin.Butthecostofextractingbonemarrowfromoneofthe foundation’s40000registereddonorsandflyingitbycourierhastobeborne bythepatientsandmanyofthemhavetobeaidedfinanciallyChinsaid.Paragraph2______ A?UrgentNeedforBothDonorsandFunds B?ShortageofDonors C?DesperateLeukaemiaPatients D?SeriousnessoftheCurrentSituation E?ShortageofFunds F?ComparisonBetweenMainlandandHongKongandTaiwan
{{*HTML*}}?下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 WalkaQuarter-MileorDie? ?Ifyoucanwalkaquarter-mileodds可能性areyouhaveatleastsixyears oflifeleftinyouscientistssay.Andthefasteryoucan{{U}}?51 ?{{/U}}itthelongeryoumightlive.??Whilewalkingisno guaranteeof{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orlongevity长寿anewstudyfoundthat theabilityofelderlypeopletodothequarter-milewasanimportant determinant决定因素inwhetherornotthey’dbe{{U}}?53?{{/U}}six yearslaterandhowmuchillnessanddisabilitytheywouldendure.? ?The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}tocompletethiswalkwasapowerful predictorofhealthoutcomes.saidstudyleaderAnneNewmanoftheUniversity ofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine.?Infactwe{{U}}?55?{{/U}} thatthepeoplewhocouldnotcompletethewalkwere{{U}}?56?{{/U}}an extremelyhighriskoflaterdisabilityanddeath.??Newmanand colleaguesrecruitednearly2700whiteandAfrican-Americanmenandwomenaged 70to79to{{U}}?57?{{/U}}thewalk.Alltheparticipantswere screenedanddeterminedtobeinrelatively{{U}}?58?{{/U}}healthand theyhadallsaidtheyhadpreviouslywalkedthatfarwithno{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}.Only86percentofthemfinished{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}.??Thescientiststhenmonitoredthehealthand mortalityofall{{U}}?61?{{/U}}forthenextsixyears.Therewasa biggapinhealthoutcomes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}peoplewhocouldcomplete thelongerwalkandpeoplewhocouldnotwiththelatterbeingatanextremely high{{U}}?63?{{/U}}ofbecomingdisabledordying.Newmansaid. Whatwasreallysurprisingisthatthesepeoplewerenot{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}ofhowweaktheyactuallywere.??Finishingtimes werefoundtobecrucialtoo.Thosewhocompletedthewalkbutwereamongthe slowest25percent{{U}}?65?{{/U}}threetimesgreaterriskofdeath thanthespeedierfolks.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}Dreams{{/B}}??Studies showthatindreamsthingsareseenandheardratherthanthought.Intermsof thesensesvisualexperienceispresentinalmostalldreams;auditory experiencein40to50percent;andtouchtastesmellandpainina relativelysmallpercentage.Aconsiderableamountofemotioniscommonly presentusuallyapureandsingleemotionsuchasfearangerorjoy? ?Twoclearlydistinguishablestatesofsleepexist.Thefirststatecalled NREM-sleepnon-rapid-eye-movementsleepoccupiesmostofthesleepperiodand isassociatedwitharelativelylowpulseandbloodpressureandfeworno reportsofdreaming.ThesecondtypeofsleepknownasREM-sleep rapid-eye-movementsleepoccurscyclicallyduringthesleepperiodwithrapid eyemovementsandfrequentdreamreports.Typicallyapersonhasfourorfive periodsofREM-sleepduringthenightwhetherthedreamsarerememberedoften rarelyornotatall;theyoccuratintervalsofabout90minutesand altogethermakeupabout25percentofthenight’ssleepasmuchas50percent inanewbornchild.Evidenceindicatesthatadreamperiodusuallylastsfrom5 to20minutes.Soundsandtouchesworkingonadreamercangointoadreamif theyoccurduringaREM-period.Althoughmentalactivitymaybereportedduring NREM-sleeptheseareusuallyshortpiecesofthoughtlikeexperiences.? ?Moderndreamresearchhasfocusedontwogeneralinterpretationsofdream content.Inoneviewdreamshavenomeaningoftheirownbutaresimplya processbywhichthebrainintegratesnewinformationintomemories.Inthe otherviewdreamscontainrealmeaningsymbolizedinapicturelanguage distinctfromconsciouslogicalthought.Ifdreamsexpressimportantwishes fearsconcernsandworriesofthedreamerthestudyandanalysisofdreams canhelprevealpreviouslyunknownaspectsofaperson’smental functioning.Thisessaytellsusthat
{{*HTML*}}?下面的短文有15处空白请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项 WalkaQuarter-MileorDie? ?Ifyoucanwalkaquarter-mileodds可能性areyouhaveatleastsixyears oflifeleftinyouscientistssay.Andthefasteryoucan{{U}}?51 ?{{/U}}itthelongeryoumightlive.??Whilewalkingisno guaranteeof{{U}}?52?{{/U}}orlongevity长寿anewstudyfoundthat theabilityofelderlypeopletodothequarter-milewasanimportant determinant决定因素inwhetherornotthey’dbe{{U}}?53?{{/U}}six yearslaterandhowmuchillnessanddisabilitytheywouldendure.? ?The{{U}}?54?{{/U}}tocompletethiswalkwasapowerful predictorofhealthoutcomes.saidstudyleaderAnneNewmanoftheUniversity ofPittsburghSchoolofMedicine.?Infactwe{{U}}?55?{{/U}} thatthepeoplewhocouldnotcompletethewalkwere{{U}}?56?{{/U}}an extremelyhighriskoflaterdisabilityanddeath.??Newmanand colleaguesrecruitednearly2700whiteandAfrican-Americanmenandwomenaged 70to79to{{U}}?57?{{/U}}thewalk.Alltheparticipantswere screenedanddeterminedtobeinrelatively{{U}}?58?{{/U}}healthand theyhadallsaidtheyhadpreviouslywalkedthatfarwithno{{U}}?59 ?{{/U}}.Only86percentofthemfinished{{U}}?60 ?{{/U}}.??Thescientiststhenmonitoredthehealthand mortalityofall{{U}}?61?{{/U}}forthenextsixyears.Therewasa biggapinhealthoutcomes{{U}}?62?{{/U}}peoplewhocouldcomplete thelongerwalkandpeoplewhocouldnotwiththelatterbeingatanextremely high{{U}}?63?{{/U}}ofbecomingdisabledordying.Newmansaid. Whatwasreallysurprisingisthatthesepeoplewerenot{{U}}?64 ?{{/U}}ofhowweaktheyactuallywere.??Finishingtimes werefoundtobecrucialtoo.Thosewhocompletedthewalkbutwereamongthe slowest25percent{{U}}?65?{{/U}}threetimesgreaterriskofdeath thanthespeedierfolks.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ?{{B}}DrugReactionsmaMajorCauseofDeath{{/B}}??Adverse drugreactionsmaycausethedeathsofover100000UShospitalpatientseach yearmakingthemaleadingcauseofdeathnationwideaccordingtoareportin theJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.??Theincidence ofseriousandfataladversedrugreactionsADRsinUShospitalswasfoundto beextremelyhighsayresearchersattheUniversityofTorontoinOntario Canada.??Theycarriedonananalysisof39ADR-relatedstudiesat UShospitalsoverthepast30yearsanddefinedanADRasanyharmful unintendedandundesiredeffectofadragwhichoccursatdosesusedinhumans forpreventiondiagnosisortherapy.??Anaverage6.7%ofall hospitalizedpatientsexperienceanADReveryyearaccordingtothe researchers.Theyestimatethatin1994overall2216000hospitalized patientshadseriousADRsand106000hadfatalADRs.ThismeansthatADRsmay rankasthefourthsinglelargestcauseofdeathinAmerica.??And theseincidencefiguresareprobablyconservativetheresearchersaddsince theirADRdefinitiondidnotincludeoutcomeslinkedtoproblemsindrug administrationoverdosesdrugabuseandtherapeuticfailures.? ?ThecontrolofADRsalsomeansspendingmoremoney.OneUSstudyestimated theoverallcostoftreatingADRsatupto$4billionperyear.? ?Dr.DavidBatesofBrighamandWomen’sHospitalinBostonMassachusetts believesthathealthcareworkersneedtopaymoreattentiontotheproblem especiallysincemanyADRsareeasilypreventable.Whenapatientdevelopsan allergyorsensitivityitisoftennotrecordedBatesnotesandpatients receivedrugstowhichtheyhaveknownallergiesorsensitivitieswith disturbingfrequency.Hebelievescomputerizedsurveillancesystems—still works-in-progressatmanyofthenation’shospitals—shouldhelpcutdownthe frequencyofthesetypesoferrors.AnAmericanresearchestimatesthatthetotalsumofmoneyspentintreatingADRseachyearisasmuchas
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}WarmPeopleLikelytoKeepColdatBay{{/B}}? ?Stayingpositivethroughthecoldseasoncouldbeyourbestdefense againstgettingillnewstudyfindingssuggest.Inanexperimentthatexposed healthyvolunteerstoacoldorfluvirusresearchersfoundthatpeoplewitha generallysunnydispositionwerelesslikelytofallill.??The findingspublishedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicinebuildonevidence thatapositiveemotionalstylecanhelpwardoffthecommoncoldandother illnesses.Researchersbelievethereasonsmaybebothobjectiveasinhappiness boostingimmunefunctionandsubjectiveasinhappypeoplebeinglesstroubled byascratchythroatorrunnynose.??Peoplewithapositive emotionalstylemayhavedifferentimmuneresponsestothevirusexplained leadstudyauthorDrSheldonCohenofCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh. Andwhentheydogetacoldtheymayinterprettheirillnessasbeingless severe.??Cohenandhiscolleagueshadboundinapreviousstudy thathappierpeopleseemedlesssusceptibletocatchingacoldbutsome questionsremainedastowhethertheemotionaltraititselfhadthe effect.??Forthenewstudytheresearchershad193healthy adultscompletestandardmeasuresofpersonalitytraitsself-perceivedhealth andemotionalstyle.Thosewhotendedtobehappyenergeticandeasy-going werejudgedashavingapositiveemotionalstylewhilethosewhowereoften unhappytenseandhostilehadanegativestyle.??Theresearchers gavethemnasaldropscontainingeitheracoldvirusoraparticularfluvirus. Overthenextsixdaysthevolunteersreportedonanyachespainssneezingor congestiontheyhadwhiletheresearcherscollectedobjectivedatalikedaily mucusproduction.Cohenandhiscolleaguesfoundthatbasedonobjective measuresofnasalwoeshappypeoplewerelesslikelytodevelopa cold.Accordingtoastudyauthorwhenpeoplewithapositiveemotionalstyledogetacoldtheymaythink______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后面有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ?????????? ??????????? ?????????{{B}}Chest Compressions:MostImportantofCPR{{/B}}??Cardiopulmonary resuscitationorCPRcansavethelifeofsomeonewhosehearthasstopped.The conditioniscalledcardiacarrest.Theheartstopspumpingblood.Theperson stopsbreathing.Withoutlifesavingmeasuresthebrainstartstodiewithin fourtosixminutes.CPRcombinesbreathingintothevictim’smouthandrepeated pressesonthechest.{{U}}?46?{{/U}}??Howeveranew Japanesestudyquestionstheusefulnessofmouth-to-mouthbreathing.Thestudy waspublishedintheBritishmedicalmagazineTheLancet.DoctorsinTokyoled theresearch.Itexaminedmorethanfourthousandpeoplewhohadsuffered cardiacarrestinallthecaseswitnessessawtheeventhappen.? ?Morethanonethousandofthevictimsreceivedsomekindofmedical assistancefromwitnesses.SevenhundredandtwelvereceivedCPR.Fourhundred andthirty-ninereceivedchestpressesonly.{{U}}?47?{{/U}}The researcherssayanykindofCPRimprovedchancesofthepatient’ssurvival.But theysaidthosepeopletreatedwithonlychestpressessufferedlessbrain damage.Twenty-twopercentsurvivedwithgoodbrainability.{{U}}?48 ?{{/U}}??TheAmericanHeartAssociationchangeditsguidelines forCPRchestpressesin2005.{{U}}?49?{{/U}}GordonEwyisaheart doctorattheUniversityofArizonaCollegeofMedicineinTucson.Hewrotea reportthatappearedwiththestudy.DoctorEwythinkstheCPRguidelinesshould bechangedagain.Hesaidtheheartassociationshouldremoverescuebreaths fromtheguidelines.Hearguesthatmorewitnessestocardiacarrestswould providetreatmentifrescuebreathsarenotapartofCPR.Hesaysthiswould savelives.{{U}}?50?{{/U}}??Cardiacarrestkillsmore than300000peopleintheUnitedStateseveryyear.TheAmericanHeart Associationsaysaboutninety-fivepercentofvictimsdiebeforetheygetma medicalcenter.A?Sofarwehavenotknownexactlyyetwhether mouth-to-mouthbreathingisreallyuselessinCPR.B?Onlytenpercent ofthevictimstreatedwithtraditionalCPRsurvivedwithgoodbrain ability.C?CPRkeepsbloodandoxygenflowingtotheheartand brain.D?Hisstudiesshowthatmanypeopledonotwanttoperform mouth-to-mouthbreathingonastrangerforfearofgettingadisease.E ?Itsaidpeopleshouldincreasethenumberofchestpressesfromfifteento thirtyforeverytwobreathsgiven.F?Nomouth-to-mouthrescuebreaths weregiventothem.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??????? ??????????? ??????????? {{B}}DangersAwaitBabieswithAltitude{{/B}}??Womenwholiveinthe world’shighestcommunitiestendtogivebirthtounder-weightbabiesanew studysuggests.Thesebabiesmaygrowintoadultswithahighriskofheart diseaseandstrokes.??Researchhashintedthatnewbornsin mountaincommunitiesarelighterthanaverageButitwasn’tclearwhetherthis isduetoreducedoxygenlevelsathighaltitudeorbecausetheirmothersare under-nourished—manypeoplewholiveathighaltitudesarerelativelypoor comparedwiththoselivinglowerdown.??TofindoutmoreDino GiussaniandhisteamatCambridgeUniversitystudiedtherecordsof400births inBoliviaduring1997and1998.Thebabieswereborninbothrichandpoor areasoftwocities:LaPazandSantaCruz.LaPazisthehighestcityinthe worldat3.65kilometersabovesealevelwhileSantaCruzismuchlowerat 0.44kilometers.??SureenoughGiussanifoundthattheaverage birthweightofbabiesinLaPazwassignificantlylowerthaninSantaCruz.This wastrueinbothhighandlow-incomefamilies.Evenbabiesborntopoorfamilies inSantaCruzwereheavieronaveragethanbabiesborntowealthyfamiliesin loftyLaPaz.WewereverysurprisedbythisresultsaysGiussani.? ?Theresultssuggestthatbabiesbornathighaltitudearedeprivedof oxygenbeforebirth.Thismaytriggerthereleaseorsuppressionofhormones thatregulategrowthoftheunbornchildsaysGiussani.??His teamalsofoundthathigh-altitudebabiestendedtohaverelativelylargerheads comparedwiththeirbodies.Thisisprobablybecauseafetusstarvedofoxygen willsendoxygenatedbloodtothebraininpreferencetotherestofthe body.??Giussaniwantstofindoutifsuchbabieshaveahigher riskofdiseaseinlaterlife.PeopleborninLaPazmightbepronetoheart troubleinadulthoodforexample.Lowbirthweightisariskfactorforcoronary heartdisease.Andnewbornswithahighratioofheadsizetobodyweightare oftenpredisposedtohighbloodpressureandstrokesinlater life.High-altitudebabieshavelongerbutthinnerlimbsthanaverage.
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ??{{B}}WarmPeopleLikelytoKeepColdatBay{{/B}}? ?Stayingpositivethroughthecoldseasoncouldbeyourbestdefense againstgettingillnewstudyfindingssuggest.Inanexperimentthatexposed healthyvolunteerstoacoldorfluvirusresearchersfoundthatpeoplewitha generallysunnydispositionwerelesslikelytofallill.??The findingspublishedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicinebuildonevidence thatapositiveemotionalstylecanhelpwardoffthecommoncoldandother illnesses.Researchersbelievethereasonsmaybebothobjectiveasinhappiness boostingimmunefunctionandsubjectiveasinhappypeoplebeinglesstroubled byascratchythroatorrunnynose.??Peoplewithapositive emotionalstylemayhavedifferentimmuneresponsestothevirusexplained leadstudyauthorDrSheldonCohenofCarnegieMellonUniversityinPittsburgh. Andwhentheydogetacoldtheymayinterprettheirillnessasbeingless severe.??Cohenandhiscolleagueshadboundinapreviousstudy thathappierpeopleseemedlesssusceptibletocatchingacoldbutsome questionsremainedastowhethertheemotionaltraititselfhadthe effect.??Forthenewstudytheresearchershad193healthy adultscompletestandardmeasuresofpersonalitytraitsself-perceivedhealth andemotionalstyle.Thosewhotendedtobehappyenergeticandeasy-going werejudgedashavingapositiveemotionalstylewhilethosewhowereoften unhappytenseandhostilehadanegativestyle.??Theresearchers gavethemnasaldropscontainingeitheracoldvirusoraparticularfluvirus. Overthenextsixdaysthevolunteersreportedonanyachespainssneezingor congestiontheyhadwhiletheresearcherscollectedobjectivedatalikedaily mucusproduction.Cohenandhiscolleaguesfoundthatbasedonobjective measuresofnasalwoeshappypeoplewerelesslikelytodevelopa cold.WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthecharacteristicsthatpeoplewithanegativeemotionalstylemayhave?
ThepowersoftheEuropeanCommissionto{{U}}regulate{{/U}}competitionintheCommunityareincreasing.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ?{{B}}DrugReactionsmaMajorCauseofDeath{{/B}}??Adverse drugreactionsmaycausethedeathsofover100000UShospitalpatientseach yearmakingthemaleadingcauseofdeathnationwideaccordingtoareportin theJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.??Theincidence ofseriousandfataladversedrugreactionsADRsinUShospitalswasfoundto beextremelyhighsayresearchersattheUniversityofTorontoinOntario Canada.??Theycarriedonananalysisof39ADR-relatedstudiesat UShospitalsoverthepast30yearsanddefinedanADRasanyharmful unintendedandundesiredeffectofadragwhichoccursatdosesusedinhumans forpreventiondiagnosisortherapy.??Anaverage6.7%ofall hospitalizedpatientsexperienceanADReveryyearaccordingtothe researchers.Theyestimatethatin1994overall2216000hospitalized patientshadseriousADRsand106000hadfatalADRs.ThismeansthatADRsmay rankasthefourthsinglelargestcauseofdeathinAmerica.??And theseincidencefiguresareprobablyconservativetheresearchersaddsince theirADRdefinitiondidnotincludeoutcomeslinkedtoproblemsindrug administrationoverdosesdrugabuseandtherapeuticfailures.? ?ThecontrolofADRsalsomeansspendingmoremoney.OneUSstudyestimated theoverallcostoftreatingADRsatupto$4billionperyear.? ?Dr.DavidBatesofBrighamandWomen’sHospitalinBostonMassachusetts believesthathealthcareworkersneedtopaymoreattentiontotheproblem especiallysincemanyADRsareeasilypreventable.Whenapatientdevelopsan allergyorsensitivityitisoftennotrecordedBatesnotesandpatients receivedrugstowhichtheyhaveknownallergiesorsensitivitieswith disturbingfrequency.Hebelievescomputerizedsurveillancesystems—still works-in-progressatmanyofthenation’shospitals—shouldhelpcutdownthe frequencyofthesetypesoferrors.AccordingtoDr.DavidBateshospitalsinAmerica
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