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Chinese scientist Tu Youyou on October 5 won the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine amongst a tr...
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高中英语《重庆市第一中学2016届高三上学期第二次月考考试试题及答案》真题及答案
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Foodservesasaformofcommunicationintwofundamentalways.Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommonhumantraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaningandplayasignificantroleinafamilyorculture'scelebrationsortraditions.Thefoodsweeat—andwhenandhowweeatthem—areoftenuniquetoaparticularcultureormayevendifferbetweenrural农村的andurbanareaswithinonecountry.Sharingbreadwhetherduringaspecialoccasion时刻oratthefamilydinnertableisacommonsymboloftogetherness.Manyculturesalsocelebratebirthdaysandmarriageswithcakesthatarecutandsharedamongtheguests.EarlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbreadsothistraditionhitsitsrootsinthecustomofsharingbreaD.FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.InthesouthernUnitedStatespiecesofcornbreadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity兴旺intheNewYear.InGreecepeopleshareaspecialcakecalledvasilopita.A.coinisputintothecakewhichsignifies预示successintheNewYearforthepersonwhoreceivesit.ManycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachildandfoodcanplayasignificantrolE.InChinawhenababyisonemontholdfamiliesnameandwelcometheirchildinacelebrationthatincludesgivingred-coloredeggstoguests.Inmanyculturesroundfoodssuchasgrapesbreadandmooncakesareeatenatwelcomecelebrationstorepresentfamilyunity.NutritionisnecessaryforlifesoitisnotsurprisingthatfoodissuchanimportantpartofdifferentculturesaroundtheworlD.21.Accordingtothepassagesharingbread______.A.indicatesalackoffoodB.canhelptodevelopunityC.isacustomuniquetoruralareasD.hasitsrootsinbirthdaycelebrations22.WhatdoesthecoininvasilopitasignifyforitsreceiverintheNewYear?A.Trust.B.Success.C.Health.D.Togetherness.23.Theauthorexplainstheroleoffoodincelebrationsby______.A.usingexamplesB.makingcomparisonsC.analyzingcausesD.describingprocesses24.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThecustomofsharingfooD.B.ThespecificmeaningoffooD.C.Theroleoffoodinceremonies.D.TheimportanceoffoodinculturE.
Health&SocialCareTeacherOurclientan11-18mixedcomprehensiveschoolinEalingWestLondoniscurrentlyseekingateacherforHealth&SocialCarE.Thepositionwillbeafull-timepostuntilJuly2014.Werequireateacherfullofenergytodevelopthelearningpotentialofstudents.WeareseekingsomeonewithexcellentsubjectknowledgewhocancombineacademicstrictnessandachievementwithenjoymentofteachingHealth&SocialCarE.ReceptionistAdministrationFullTimeAreceptionistisrequiredfrom1stJune2014atDartfordScience&TechnologyCollegE.Thepositionisonlyfrom8:30amto4:30pmMondaytoThursdayand8:30amto4:00pmFridaywithanhour’sbreakforluncheveryday.ThesuccessfulapplicantmusthaveagoodtelephonemannergoodinterpersonalskillsandproficientITskills.CleanerPartTimeTermTimeWeareseekingtoappointahardworkingpersontojoinourcleaningteam.Previousexperiencewouldbeanadvantagebutitisnotessential.10hoursperweekarerequiredduringtermtimeandtheextra3weeksareaddedinthesummerholidaysorasdirectedbytheBusinessManagertoensuretheneedsoftheschoolaremet.Closingdate:12thMay201412noon.Pleasereturnthecompletedapplicationformstotheschool.ScienceTechnicianTermtimeplus10days37hoursperweekWearelookingforatechniciantoprovideatechnicalsupportserviceforscienceteachingstaff.Applicationsaretobereceivednolaterthanmidnighton10thJune2014.Ifyouarekeentoworkvisitourwebsiteviathebuttonbelow.24.A.schoolinEalingWestLondonislookingfor_________.A.afull-timescienceteacherB.ateacherwiththeabilitytogetalongwithpeopleC.atechnicianwhocanprovideatechnicalsupportserviceD.ateacherwithexcellentknowledgeaboutHealth&SocialCare25.Thereceptionisttobeemployedwillwork______________.A.10hoursaweekB.34.5houraweekC.39.5hoursaweekD.37hoursaweek26.Toworkasacleaneryoumust___________.A.workfull-timeB.havepreviousworkingexperienceC.workthewholesummerholidaysD.handintheapplicationformbefore12noononMay12th201427.Thetextismostlikelytoappear_________.A.inanovelB.inamagazineC.ontheInternetD.inanewspaper
Askaboutthefoodsthathavetakencontroloftheworldandyou’relikelytohearaboutCoca-ColaandMcDonalD.Butinfactthemostsuccessfulfoodeverproducedfliesfarundertheradar—it’sinstantnoodles方便面.AnewbookTheNoodleNarrativeswrittenbythreeUSanthropologists人类学家analyzesthesharpriseofinstantnoodlesfromitsbirthinpostwarJapantoitssalesofover100billioninoneyearworldwidE.Andtheymaketheirarguments:instantnoodlesdogoodtotheworldbyrelievingthehungerofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworlD.Thesenoodlestheywritehelpthelow-incomepeopletosupportthemselveswhenthesituationgetstough.They’recheapandtastyoneofthewriterssays.Andtheycanbechangedtoeveryone’sculturaltastE.InThailandinstantnoodleismademoredeliciousbyaddinglemongrass柠檬草andcilantro香菜.Mexicanscanbuynoodlesoupcupswithshrimplimeandhabanero墨西哥辣椒amongotherflavors.InJapanthebirthplaceofinstantnoodlesthedemandfornovelnoodleproductsissobigthatproducersintroduce600newflavorsayear.Whilenotnutritiousinstantnoodlesareahungerkillerforlow-incomepopulations.Thefatcontainedinthenoodleskeepsyoufeelingfulllonger.OnceyouaddwaterinstantnoodlesbecomesoupthatprovideslongerfeelingoffullnessthannoodlesalonE.AndthathelpsexplainwhythenoodleshavebecomemainproductsofthehungryworlD.Butwhycan’ttheurbanpooreatsomethingmorenutritiousthanthishighlyprocessedfood?Therealityisthatinanycitiesthepoorlackalternativesthataremorehealthfulthaninstantnoodles.Onewaytohelpthepoorwhorelyoninstantnoodlestheypointoutistomakethenoodlesmorenutritious:theycouldbelower-fatandhigher-fiberwithvitaminsaddedthoughthatwillleadtoaslightlyhigherpricE.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinthefirstparagraphmean?A.Receivinglessattention.B.Beingbetterknown.C.Costingmuchless.D.HavingmuchlessimportancE.5.Inwhatwayareinstantnoodlesbeneficialaccordingtotheanthropologists?A.Theycomeinawidevarietyofflavors.B.Theyhelpfeedlow-incomepopulations.C.Theyareawonderfulchoiceforpeoplewhodon’tcook.D.Theyhelpmanybusinessesmakemoney.6.Allofthefollowinghelpexplainwhyinstantnoodleshavebecomemainfoodforthepoorexcept____.A.thenoodlesarecheapB.thenoodlesmakethemfeelfulllongerC.thenoodlesareaffordableandmorehealthfulthanotheralternatives.D.thenoodle’smanyflavorsareareminderoftheirowncultures.
Wouldyoueatareadymealfromthefridgeratherthancookfromscratch?Haveyoubeendoinginternetshoppingratherthangoingtothestores?Whatcan’tyoubebotheredtodo?A.studyintohowlazyBritishpeoplearehasfoundmorethanhalfofadultsaresolazythatthey’dcatchtheliftratherthanclimbtwoflightsofstairs.Justover2000peoplewerequizzedbyindependentresearchersatNuffieldHealthBritain’slargesthealthcharity.Theresultswereastonishing.Aboutoneinsixpeoplesurveyedsaidiftheirremotecontrolwasbrokentheywouldcontinuewatchingthesamechannelratherthangetup.Morethanonethirdofthosequestionedsaidtheywouldnotruntocatchabus.Worryinglyofthe654respondentswithchildren64％saidtheywereoftentootiredtoplaywiththem.Thisledthereporttoconcludethatit’snowonderthatoneinsixchildrenintheUKareclassifiedasobeseveryfatbeforetheystartschool.DrSarahDaunceymedicaldirectorofNuffieldHealthsaidPeopleneedtogetfitternotjustfortheirownsakebutforthesakeoftheirfamiliesfriendsandevidentlytheirpetstoo.Ifwedon’tstarttotakecontrolofthisproblemawholegenerationwillbecometoounfittoperformeventhemostrudimentaryoftasks.AndScotland’slargestcityGlasgowwasshamedasthemostinactivecityintheUKwith75％surveyedadmittingtheydonotgetenoughexercisefollowedcloselybyBirminghamandSouthamptonbothwith67％.TheresultscauseseriouschallengesfortheNationalHealthServicewhereobesity-relatedillnessessuchasheartdiseaseandcancerhavebeenonasteadyincreaseforthepast40yearsandarecostingbillionsofpoundseveryyear.25.WhatcauseschildrenintheUKtobeobese?A.Eatingreadymeal.B.WatchingTV.C.DoingInternetshopping.D.Beinglazy.26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Britishpeoplearetoolazytodoanything.B.Internetshoppingwilldoharmtoyourhealth.C.ManypeoplewouldnotruntocatchabusinBritain.D.Peopleshouldbemoreactiveandtakeregularexercisetokeepfit.27.WhichofthefollowingisNottrueaccordingtothepassage?A.OnesixthofBritishpeopleuseremotecontrolwhenwatchingTV.B.Peoplewillbenefitnotonlythemselvesbuttheirfamiliesbygettingfit.C.Fatnesscancausediseasessuchasheartdiseaseandcancer.D.Morepeoplegetobesity-relatedillnessesnowthan40yearsago.
You’vehearditrepeatedly:Makesureyoudrinkatleasteightglassesofwaterperday.Thekeywordsareatleastbecauseunlessyouareachildyouneedmorewaterthanthat.Theruleisforevery50poundsofbodyweightyoucarrydrinkonequartofbottledorfiltered过滤的waterperday.Theaveragepersonweighs150poundssotheyshoulddrinkthreequartsperday.A.200poundspersonshoulddrinkafullgallonperday.Athletesshoulddrinkevenmorethanthat.Followtheseandyou’veadoptedoneofthemostimportanthealthhabits.Ourbodiesaremostlywaterandwaterisessentialtooureveryfunction.Drinktheappropriateamountandeverythingismuchmorelikelytofunctionatthebestlevels.Ifyoudon’tdrinkenoughwaterovertheshorttermyouwillexperiencetirednessdryskinheadachesandconstipation便秘;overthelongertermeverybodyfunctionwilldegrademorequickly.Itreallyisassimpleasthat.Thingsgetabitmorecomplicatedinwhattypeofwatertodrink.Bottledwaterandfilteredwaterarebothgoodoptions.Donotdrinktapwaterordistilledwater蒸馏水.Bottledwatershouldbebottledinclearglasscontainersnottheplasticcontainersthattransferfartoomanychemicalsintothewater.Filteredwatercanbeobtainedthroughlow-costfilters.Tapwatershouldbeavoidedbecauseitcontainschlorine氯andmaycontainfluoride氟化物whichispoisonousandcanhaveterribleconsequencesforthebody.Distilledwatershouldalsobeavoidedbecauseitcanburnupyourbodyofnecessaryminerals.Ithasbeentiedtohairlosswhichisoftenassociatedwithcertainminerallack.Finallydrinkwateratroomtemperatureifpossibleasice-coldwatercanharmyourstomach.21.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworddegrade?A.ImprovE.B.ReducE.C.StrengthenD.Recover.22.Whatkindsofwaterareproperfordrinking?A.Tapwaterandbottledwater.B.Tapwateranddistilledwater.C.Bottledwaterandfilteredwater.D.Distilledwaterandfilteredwater.23.What’sthemainreasonthatdistilledwaterisn’trecommendedtodrink?A.Itleadsthebodytolackcertainminerals.B.Itisn’tcleanenoughtodrink.C.Itcontainstoomanychemicals.D.ItcontainsfluoridE.24.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Itisharmfultodrinkplentyoficywater.B.OnemayfeeltiredduetolackofwaterforashorttimE.C.Thewaterwithchlorineisnotsuitabletodrink.D.Thewaterinplasticcontainersissafetodrink.
Sportscanhelpyoukeepfitandgetintouchwithnature.Howeverwhetheryouareonthemountainsinthewavesoronthegrasslandyoushouldbeawarethatyoursportofchoicemighthavegreatinfluenceontheenvironment.Somesportsareresource-hungry.Golfasyoumayknoweatsupnotonlylargeareasofcountrysidebutalsotonsofwater.Besidesallsortsofchemicalsandhugeamountsofenergyareusedtokeepitscoursesingoodcondition.Thiscausesmajorenvironmentaleffects.ForexampleinthedryregionsofPortugalandSpaingolfisoftenheldresponsibleforseriouswatershortageinsomelocalareas.Therearemanyenvironmental-friendlysports.Powerwalkingisoneofthemthatyoucouldtakeuptoday.Youdon’tneedanyspecialequipmentexceptagoodpairofshoes;andyoudon’thavetoworryaboutresourcesandyourpurse.Simpleandfreepowerwalkingcanalsokeepyoufit.Ifyouwalkregularlyitwillbegoodforyourheartandbones.Expertssaythat20minutesofpowerwalkingdailycanmakeyoufeellessanxioussleepwellandhavebetterweightcontrol.Whateversportyoutakeupyoucanmakeitgreenerbyusingenvironmental-friendlyequipmentandbuyingproductsmadefromrecycledmaterials.Butthefinalgoalshouldbegreengyms.Theyarebetterreplacementsfortraditionalhealthclubsandmodernsportscenters.Membersofgreengymsplaysportsoutdoorsinthecountrysideorotheropenspaces.Thereisnospecialrequirementforyoutostartyourmembership.Andbestofallit’sfreE.72.Theauthorthinksthegolfisresource-hungrybecauseofthefollowingEXCEPTthat_____________.A.GolfwasteslargeareasofcountrysideB.GolfrunsoutofmuchwaterC.KeepinggolfcourtingoodconditionneedstoomuchenergyD.Golfisbadforpeople’shealth73.Accordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisanenvironment-friendlysport?A.swimminginthepoolB.hikinginthehillsC.playingbasketballinthegymD.motorracinginthedesert74.Thereasonwhytheauthorusespowerwalkingasanexamplemainlyisthat______.A.itimprovesourhealthB.itisanoutdoorsportC.itusesfewerresourcesD.itisrecommendedbyexperts75.Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby_____.A.examplesandexplanationB.comparisonandpersuasionC.factsanddescriptionsD.figuresandconclusion
ThehumanbodyisanamazingandcomplexmachinE.Itisverytoughandweusuallyrecoverfromillnessorinjuryonourownwithoutthehelpofadoctor.Butwhathappenswhenweneedmedicaltreatment?Inthepastsomepeoplewenttoaclinicorhospitaltoseeamedicaldoctor.Otherpeopletrustedancienttraditionsandchosetreatmentssuchasherbal药草的medicineoracupuncture针灸.Thesetwotypesofmedicine----onemodernandWesternandtheotherancientandEastern----usedtohavenothingtodowitheachother.Inrecentyearshoweverpeoplearoundtheworldhavebeguntorecognizeandacceptbothmodernmedicalscienceandmoretraditionaltherapies.ThisnewkindofmedicinecanbecalledintegrativemedicinebecauseitintegratesorcombinesdifferenttypesofmedicineorcomplementarymedicinE.Someoftheprinciplesofthistypeofmedicineincludepreventingillnessbyhelpingpeoplestayhealthyintegratingdifferenttypesoftherapiesaccordingtotheneedsofeachpatientandconsideringthehealthofthewholepersonratherthanconcentratingonaparticularillnessorinjury.OnehealthmaintenanceorganizationHMOinMadisonWisconsinhasopeneditsComplementaryMedicineandWellnessCenter.AtthecenterHMOmembersareofferedavarietyofservices.Ifyouaresufferingasorebacktrysomemassagetreatmentstorelaxyourmusclesandencouragetheflowofhealingenergyinyourbody.Ifyouhaveallergiesorasthmayoucouldtryhomeopathywhichusestinyamountsofallergenstostimulateyourbody’snaturalimmuneresponsE.Andifyou’renotillbutjustwanttoimproveyourstrengthandfocusyourmindtryataichioryogaclass.Patientswhousethesecomplementarymedicineservicesappreciatehavinganalternativetosurgeryortodrugsandtheirsideeffects.Theyalsoenjoyactivitiesandtherapiesthatmakethemfeelbetterevenifthey’renotsick.AndfromthefinancialpointofviewoftheHMOpreventingillnesswheneverpossibleismuchlessexpensivethanahospitalstay.AccordingtoDr.AndrewWeilfounderofthePrograminIntegrativeMedicineattheUniversityofArizonaintegrativemedicinecombinesthebestpartsofWesternmedicinewithcomplementarytherapiessuchasacupunctureandnutrition.Andbecausebothdoctorandpatientareworkingtopreventillnesstheybecomepartnerswiththesamegoalinsteadofstrangerswhoseeeachotheronlywhenthepatientissick.71.Thearticleisabout____________.A.WesternmedicineB.acupunctureandherbalmedicineC.advancesinmedicaltechnologyD.integrativemedicine72.Whydoestheauthormentionpreventingillnessbyhelpingpeoplestayhealthyinthesecondparagraph?A.toinformreadersaboutaprincipleofintegrativemedicineB.toexplainwhymostpeopledon’tbelieveinintegrativemedicineC.togivereadersadviceaboutstayinghealthyD.torecommendmodernmedicineratherthantraditionaltherapies73.Whatwouldbeanexampleofintegrativemedicine?A.takingpenicillinforaheadacheB.performingsurgerytotreatheartdiseaseC.acupunctureD.usingherbaltreatmentsaftersurgery74.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanadvantageofcomplementarymedicine?A.Itcostslessthanmedicalcareinhospitals.B.Patientscanchoosebetweencomplementarymedicineanddrugsorsurgery.C.Ithelpspatientsfeelhealthierevenwhentheyarenotsick.D.Itfocusesmainlyonaparticularillnessorinjury.
Chocolateisgoodforyourheartskinandbrain.Usuallypeoplethinkthatchocolateisbadfortheirhealth.Theydescribechocolateassomethingtodiefororsaydeathbychocolate.Nowtheyshouldbitetheirtongues!Evidenceisshowingthatsomekindsofchocolateareactuallygoodforyouinthefollowingways:AhappierheartScientistsatHarvardUniversityrecentlyexamined136studiesoncocoa—themainingredientinchocolate—andfoundthatitdoesseemtostrengthentheheart.Studieshaveshownheartbenefitsfromincreasedbloodflow.Thesebenefitsaretheresultofcocoa’schemicalswhichseemtopreventbothcelldamageandinflammation炎症BetterbloodpressureIfyoursishighchocolatemayhelp.JeffreyBlumbergfromTuftsUniversityrecentlyfoundthatpeoplewithhighbloodpressurewhoate3.5ouncesofdarkchocolateperdayfortwoweekssawtheirbloodpressuredropquickly.MusclemagicChocolatemilkmayhelpyourecoverafterahardworkout锻炼.InasmallstudyatIndianaUniversitypeoplewhodrankchocolatemilkbetweenworkoutsdidbetteronatirednesstestthanthosewhohadsomesportsdrinks.BetterforyourskinGermanresearchersgave24womenahalf-cupofspecialcocoaeveryday.Afterthreemonthsthewomen’sskinwasmoister润滑的andsmoother.TheresearchshowsthatchocolatehelpsprotectandincreasebloodflowtotheskinimprovingitsappearancE.Braingains.Itsoundsalmosttoogoodtobetruebutresearchsuggeststhatchocolatemayimproveyourmemoryattentionspanreactiontimeandproblem-solvingskillsbyincreasingbloodflowtothebrain.1.What’sthemeaningofbitetheirtonguesinthefirstparagraph?A.Stoptalking.B.Speakup.C.Thinkofit.D.Listentoit.2.What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraph?A.Sportsdrinksarebetterthanchocolatemilk.B.sportsdrinkscanmakepeopleeasytobetireD.C.Drinkingmilkcankeepyouenergeticatwork.D.weshoulddrinkchocolatemilkbetweentimeswhenweworkharD.3.What’sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.ChocolateaHealthyFoodB.MoreChocolateLessHealthC.ChocolateandBloodPressureD.AdviceonEatingChocolate
NowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearetalkingaboutgeneticallymodifiedfoodsGMfoods.GMfoodsdevelopfromgeneticallymodifiedorganisms有机体whichhavehadspecificchangesintroducedintotheirDNAbygeneticengineeringtechniques.Thesetechniquesaremuchmoreprecisewhereanorganismisexposedtochemicalstocreateanon-specificbutstablechangE.Formanypeoplethehigh-techproductionraisesallkindsofenvironmentalethieal伦理的healthandsafetyproblems.ParticularlyincountrieswithlongfarmingtraditionstheideaseemsagainstnaturE.InfactGMfoodsarealreadyverymuchapartofourlives.Theywerefirstputonthemarketin1996.AthirdofthecornandmorethanhalfthecottongrownintheU.S.1astyearwastheproductofbiotechnologyaccordingtotheDepartmentofAgriculturE.Morethan65millionacresofgeneticallymodifiedcropswillbeplantedintheU.S.thisyear.ThegeneticgenieisoutofthebottlE.However.1ikeanynewproductenteringthefoodchainGMfoodsmustbesubjectedtocarefultesting.Inwealthycountriesthedebateaboutbiotechisnotsofiercebythefactthattheyhavealargenumberoffoodstochoosefromandasupplythatgoesbeyondtheneeds.Indevelopingcountriesdesperatetofeedfast-growingandunderfedpopulationsthematterissimplerandmuchmoreurgentdothebenefitsofbiotechoutweightherisks?Thestatisticsonpopulationgrowthandhungeraredisturbing.Lastyeartheworld’spopulationreached6billion.TheU.N.statesthatnearly800millionpeoplearoundtheworldareunhealthy.About400millionwomenofchildbearingagedon’thaveenoughironwhichmeanstheirbabiesareexposedtovariousbirthdefeats.Asmanyas100millionchildrensufferfromvitaminA.deficiencyaleadingcauseofblindness.Howcanbiotechhelp?Geneticengineeringiswidelyusedtoproduceplantsandanimalswithbetternutritionalvalues.Biotechnologistshavedevelopedgeneticallymodifiedriceandtheyareworkingonotherkindsofnutritionallyimprovedcrops.Biotechcanalsoimprovefarmingproductivityinplaceswherefoodshortagesarecausedbycropdamageattributabletodroughtpoorsoilandcropviruses.21.Thepassagemainlytalksabout______.A.theworld’sfoodproblemB.thedevelopmentinbiotechC.thegeneticallymodifiedfoodsD.thewaytosolvefoodshortages22.AccordingtothepassageGMfoods______.A.willreplacenaturallygrownfoodsB.arefarbetterthannaturallygrownfoodsC.mayhelptosolvetheproblemofpoornutritionD.cancauseserioustroubleindevelopingcountries23.TheunderlinedsentenceThegeneticgenieisoutofthebottlE.inParagraph2probablymeansthat_____.A.GMfoodsareavailableeverywhereB.thetechnologyinproducingGMfoodsisadvancedC.genetictechnologymayhaveuncontrollablepowersD.genetictechnologyhascomeoutoflaboratoriesintomarkets24.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsGMfoods?A.EnthusiastiC.B.Cautious.C.Disapproving.D.UnbelievablE.
In2004whenmydaughterBeckywastensheandmyhusbandJoewereunitedintheirdesireforadog.AsformeIsharednoneoftheircaninelust.ButwhytheypleadeD.BecauseIdon’thavetimetotakecareofadog.Butwe’lldoit.Really?You’regoingtowalkthedog?Feedthedog?Bathethedog?Yesyesandyes.Idon’tbelieveyou.Wewill.WepromisE.Theydidn’t.Fromdaytwoeveryonewantedtowalkthecutepuppythatfirstdayneitherthoughttowalkthedog.WhileIwasslowtoacceptthatIwouldbetheonetokeeptrackofhershotstoschedulehervetappointmentstofeedandcleanherMistyknewthisondayonE.AsshelookedupatthethreenewhumansinherlifesmallmediumandlargeshecalculatedThemediumoneisthesuckerinthepack.QuicklysheandIdevelopedsomethingverysimilartoaVulcanmindmeld心灵融合.She’dlookatmewiththosesadbrowneyesofhersbeamherneedandthenwaittrustingIwouldunderstand—whichstrangelyIalmostalwaysdiD.Innotimeshebecamemyfifthappendage附肢snoringonmyhome-officecouchasIworkedcradlingagainstmyfeetasIreadandsplayingacrossmystomachasIwatchedtelevision.Evensopartofmecontinuedtoresentwalkingduty.JoeandBeckyhadpromiseD.NotfairI’dbalk不心甘情愿地做silentlyassheandIwalked.NotfairI’dloudlyremindanyonewithinearshotuponourreturnhomE.Thenoneday—January12007tobeexact—myhusband’sdoctorutteredanunthinkableword:leukemia白血病.WiththatIspenteighttotenhoursadaywithJoeinthehospitaldoinganythingandeverythingIcouldtoeasehisdiscomfort.DuringthosesixmonthsofhospitalizationsBecky12atthetimeadjustedtootheradultsbeinginthehousewhenshereturnedfromschool.Myworkcolleaguesadjustedtomytakingoffatamoment'snoticeformedicalemergencies.Everypartofmylifechanged;nopartofmyoldroutineremaineD.Saveone:Mistystillneededwalking.AtthebeginningwhenfriendsofferedtotakeherthroughherpacesIdeclinedbecauseIknewtheyhadtheirownhouseholdstodealwith.AsthemonthswentbyIbegantorealizethatIactuallywantedtowalkMisty.ThewalkinthemorningbeforeIheadedtothehospitalwasaquietpeacefultimetogathermythoughtsortojustbebeforetheday'smedicaldramaunfoldeD.Theeveningwalkwasatimetoshakeofftheday'supsetsandlettheworrytracksinmyheadgotowhitenoisE.Whenseriousillnessvisitsyourhouseholdit'snotjustyourdailyroutineandyourassumptionsaboutthefuturethatarenolongerfamiliar.Prettymucheveryoneyouknowactsdifferently.NotMisty.TakeherforawalkandshehadnointerestinJoe'sbloodcountsorbonemarrowtestresults.Onthestreetorintheparkshehadonlyonethingonhermind:squirrels!ShewassojoyousthatevenontheworstdaysshecouldmakemesmilE.Onadailybasissheremindedmethatlifegoeson.AfterJoediedin2009Mistysleptonhispillow.I'mgrateful一toapoint.ThetruthisafteryearsofbalkingI'vecometoenjoymywalkswithMisty.AsIwatchherchaseafterasquirrelthrowingherwholebeingintothehere-and-nowofanexercisethathasneveronceendedinvictorysheremindsmetoothatnomatterhowharshthepresentorunpredictablethefuturethere'salmostalwayssomemeasureofjoytobeextractedfromthemoment.11.whydidn'tthewriteragreetoraiseadogatthebeginningofthestory?A.ShewasafraidthedogwouldgetthefamilyintotroublE.B.Itwouldbeherbusinesstotakecareofthedog.C.HerhusbandanddaughterwereunitedasonE.D.Shedidn'twanttospoilherdaughter.12.WhichofthefollowingistheclosestinmeaningtoThemediumoneisthesuckerinthepack.Paragraph3?A.Themiddle-agedpersonlovesmemost.B.Themedium-sizedwomanisthehostess.C.Themaninthemiddleistheonewhohasthefinalsay.D.Thewomanisthekindandtrustworthyoneinthefamily.13.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that_______.A.MistywasquitecleverB.MistycouldsolvemathproblemsC.thewriterwasaslowlearnerD.noonewalkedMistythefirstday14.Thestorycametoitsturningpointwhen________.A.Joediedin2009B.Joefellillin2007C.thewriterbegantowalkthedogD.thedogtriedtopleasethewriter15.WhydidthewritercontinuetowalkMistywhileJoewasinhospital?A.Mistycouldn’tlivewithoutherB.Herfriendsdidn’tofferanyhelpC.Thewalkprovidedherwithspiritualcomfort.D.Shedidn'twantMistytobeotherscompanion.16.Whatisthemessagethewriterwantstoconveyinthepassage?A.Oneshouldlearntoenjoyhardtimes.B.AdisastercanchangeeverythinginlifE.C.MomentsofjoysuggestthatthereisstillhopeaheaD.D.Peoplewillchangetheirattitudetowardyouwhenyouareindifficulty.
Atfirstsightyouwouldthinkthecollectionofhundredsofcoloredshards碎片couldbeaworkofabstractart.Buttheobjectsarethecontentsofthestomachofaseaturtlethatlostitsbattleagainstplasticpollution.EnvironmentalistsexaminedthestomachoftheturtlefoundoffthecoastofArgentinA.Whattheyfoundisthesymptom征兆症状oftheincreasingthreattoseaturtlesfromahumanaddictiontoplastiC.SeaturtlesoftenmistakeplasticitemsforjellyfishorotherfooD.Ingesting摄取oceanpollutioncancauseadigestiveblockage消化堵塞andinternalcuts.Theresultcanbedangerousfollowedbydeath.Humansproduce260milliontonsofplasticayear.Whenthoseproductsarepulledintothesea’scurrentstheplasticsarejustbrokenintosmallerpieceswhichareconsumedbymarinelifeatthebottomofthefoodchain.AnexaminationofagreenturtlefoundoffFloridadiscoveredthatoverthecourseofamonththeanimal’sfaeces粪便hadcontained74foreignobjectsincludingfourtypesofballoonsdifferenttypesofhardplasticapieceofcarpet-likematerialandtwo2-4mmtarballs原油球块.Theoceanshavebecomeagiantrefusebin垃圾箱;废渣仓forallmannerofplastics.AllseaturtlespeciesmaybeseriouslyharmeD.accordingtothebiologistsColetteWabnitzfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiaThesymptomofthisgrowingcrisiscanbeseeninsideandonseaturtlesaswellastheiroceanicandterrestrialhabitats.Itisurgentlynecessarytodirectlyfacethesourceofplasticpollutionredesignpackagingandrethinktheveryideaofthe‘throwawayculture’.AlmostallmarinespeciesfromplanktontowhaleshaveingestedplastiC.Buteveninsmallquantitiesplasticcankillseaturtles.thebiologistssaiD.Fiftyoutof92turtlesfounddeadstranded搁浅ontheshorelinesofRioGrandedoSulstateinBrazilhadingestedaconsiderableamountofman-madedebris.32.What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Seaturtlessufferingfromplasticpollution.B.WhyplasticisdangeroustotheseaturtlE.C.ProtectingtheseaturtlefrombeingpolluteD.D.HowtopreventtheseaturtlefromplastiC.33.Theauthormentionsthethrowawaycultureprobablyinan_________tonE.A.favorableB.positiveC.comedicD.ironic34.Theunderlinedwordinthelastparagraphprobablymeans_________.A.akindoffoodB.piecesofrubbishC.piecesofclothD.akindoffish35.Theparagraphfollowingthelastonewillprobablytalkabout________.A.howtopreventplasticpollutionB.sometipsonhowtomakeseaturtlesavoidplasticC.thewaythebiologistsexaminedtheseaturtleD.thereasonwhyweshouldprotecttheseaturtle
Mostdamaginglyangerweakensaperson’sabilitytothinkclearlyandkeepcontroloverhisbehaviour.Theangrypersonlosesobjectivityinevaluatingtheemotionalsignificanceofthepersonorsituationthatarouseshisanger.Noteveryoneexperiencesangerinthesameway;whatangersonepersonmayamuseanother.Thespecificexpressionofangeralsodiffersfrompersontopersonbasedonbiologicalandculturalforces.IncontemporaryculturephysicalexpressionsofangeraregenerallyconsideredtoosociallyharmfultobetolerateD.Wenolongerregardduels决斗asanappropriateexpressionofangerresultingfromoneperson’sawarenessofinsultingbehaviouronthepartofanother.Angercanbeidentifiedinthebrainwheretheelectricalactivitychanges.UndermostconditionsEEG脑电图measuresofelectricalactivityshowbalancedactivitybetweentherightandleftprefrontal额叶前部areas.Behaviourallythiscorrespondstothegeneraleven-handeddisposition意向thatmostofuspossessmostofthetimE.ButwhenweareangrytheEEGoftherightandleftprefrontalareasaren’tbalancedandasaresultofthiswe’relikelytoreact.AndourbehaviouralresponsetoangerisdifferentfromourresponsetootheremotionswhetherpositiveornegativE.Mostpositiveemotionsareassociatedwithapproachbehaviour:wemoveclosertopeoplewelikE.Mostnegativeemotionsincontrastareassociatedwithavoidancebehaviour:wemoveawayfrompeopleandthingsthatwedislikeorthatmakeusanxious.Butangerisanexceptiontothispattern.Theangrierwearethemorelikelywearetomovetowardstheobjectofouranger.Thiscorrespondstowhatpsychologistsrefertoasoffensiveanger:theangrypersonmovescloserinordertoinfluenceandcontrolthepersonorsituationcausinghisanger.Thisapproach-and-confrontbehaviourisaccompaniedbyaleftwardprefrontalasymmetry不对称ofEEGactivity.Interestinglythisasymmetrylessensiftheangrypersoncanexperienceempathy同感towardstheindividualwhoisbringingforththeangryresponsE.IndefensiveangerincontrasttheEEGasymmetryisdirectedtotherightandtheangrypersonfeelshelplessinthefaceoftheanger-inspiringsituation.24.TheduelsexampleinParagraph2provesthattheexpressionofanger________.A.usuallyhasabiologicalbasisB.variesamongpeopleC.issociallyandculturallyshapedD.influencesone’sthinkingandevaluation25.Whatchangescanbefoundinanangrybrain?A.BalancedelectricalactivitycanbespotteD.B.Unbalancedpatternsarefoundinprefrontalareas.C.Electricalactivitycorrespondstoone’sbehaviour.D.Electricalactivityagreeswithone’sdisposition.26.Whichofthefollowingistypicalofoffensiveanger?A.Approachingthesourceofanger.B.TryingtocontrolwhatisdislikeD.C.MovingawayfromwhatisdislikeD.D.Feelinghelplessinthefaceofanger.27.Whatisthekeymessageofthelastparagraph?A.Howangerdiffersfromotheremotions.B.Howangerrelatestootheremotions.C.Behaviouralresponsestoanger.D.Behaviouralpatternsofanger.
ITHIRSTEachdaywater-relateddiseaseskill3900oftheworld’schildrenAcrosstheworld1.1billionpeoplehavenoaccesstocleandrinkingwater.Morethan2.6billionpeoplelackbasicsanitation卫生设备.Thecombinationprovesdeadly.Eachyeardiseasesrelatedtoinadequatewaterandsanitationkillbetween2and5millionpeopleandcauseanestimated80percentofallsicknessesinthedevelopingworlD.Safedrinkingwaterisapreconditionforhealthandthefightagainstchilddeathrateinequalitybetweenmenandwomenandpoverty.Considerthesefacts:•TheaveragedistancethatwomeninAfricaandAsiawalktocollectwateris6kilometers.•Only58percentofchildreninsub-SaharanAfricaaredrinkingsafewaterandonly37percentofchildreninSouthAsiahaveaccesstoevenabasictoilet.•EachyearinIndiaalone73millionworkingdaysarelosttowaterbornediseases.Herearethreewaysyoucanhelp:lWriteCongressCurrentU.S.foreignaidfordrinkingwaterandsanitationbudgetsonlyonedollarperyearperAmericancitizen.FewmembersofCongresshaveeverreceivedaletterfromvotersaboutcleandrinkingwaterabroaD.2Sponsoraprojectwithafaith-basedorganizationManyU.S.religiousgroupsalreadysponsorwaterandsanitationprojectsworkingwithpartnerorganizationsabroaD.SimplyputasingleprojectbyaU.S.organizationcanmakesafewaterarealityforthousandsofpeoplE.3SupportnonprofitwaterorganizationsNumerousU.S.-basednonprofitsworkskillfullyabroadincommunity-ledprojectsrelatedtodrinkingwaterandsanitation.Likethesampleofnon-profitsnotedasfollowssomeorganizationsarelargeotherssmall-scale;someoperateworldwideothersaredevotedtocertainareasinAfricaAsiaorLatinAmericA.Supportthemgenerously.69.Thethreefactspresentedinthepassageareusedtoillustratethat____.A.povertycanresultinwater-bornediseasesB.PeoplehavenoaccesstocleandrinkingwaterC.women’srightsaredeniedinsomedevelopingcountriesD.safedrinkingwatershouldbeaprimaryconcern70.Theintendedreadersofthepassageare____.A.AmericansB.overseassponsorsC.CongressmenD.U.S.-basedwaterorganizations71.Themainpurposeofthepassageistocallonpeopleto____.A.getridofwater-relateddiseasesindevelopingcountriesB.donatemoneytopeopleshortofwaterthroughreligiousgroupsC.fightagainsttheworldwidewatershortageandsanitationproblemD.takejointactioninsupportofsomenonprofitwaterorganizations72.Whatinformationwillprobablybeprovidedfollowingthelastparagraph?A.A.varietyofcompaniesandtheirworldwideoperation.B.A.listofnonprofitwaterorganizationstomakecontactwith.C.SomewaystogetfinancialaidsfromU.S.Congress.D.A.fewwaterresourcesexploitedbysomeworld-famousorganizations.
AtthirteenIwasdiagnosed诊所withkindofattentiondisorder.ItmadeschooldifficultformE.WheneveryoneelseintheclasswasfocusingontasksIcouldnot.InmyfirstliteratureclassMrs.Smithaskedustoreadastoryandthenwriteonitallwithin45minutes.IraisedmyhandrightawayandsaidMrs.SmithyouseethedoctorsaidIhaveattentionproblems.Imightnotbeabletodoit.Sheglanceddownatmethroughherglassesyouarenodifferentfromyourclassmatesyoungman.ItriedbutIdidn’tfinishthereadingwhenthebellrang.IhadtotakeithomE.InthequietnessofmybedroomthestorysuddenlyallbecamecleartomE.ItwasaboutablindpersonLouisBraillE.Helivedinatimewhentheblindcouldn’tgetmucheducation.ButLouisdidn’tgiveup.Insteadheinventedareadingsystemofraiseddots点whichopenedupawholenewworldofknowledgetotheblinD.Wasn’tItheblindinmyclassbeingmadetolearnlikethesightedstudents?MythoughtsspilledoutandmypenstartedtodancE.Icompletedthetaskwithin40minutes.IndeedIwasnodifferentfromothers;IjustneededaquieterplacE.IfLouiscouldfindhiswayoutofhisproblemswhyshouldIevergiveup?Ididn’texpectanythingwhenIhandledinmypapertoMrs.Smithsoitwasquiteasurprisewhenitcamebacktomethenextday-withanAonit.Atthebottomofthepaperwerethesewords:Seewhatyoucandowhenyoukeeptrying?21.Theauthordidn’tfinishthereadinginclassbecausE.A.HewasnewtotheclassB.HewastriedofliteratureC.HehadanattentiondisorderD.Hewantedtotakethetaskhome22.WhatdoweknowaboutLouisBraillefromthepassage?A.HehadgoodsightB.Hemadeagreatinvention.C.HegaveupreadingD.Helearnedalotfromschool23.WhatwasMrs.Smith‘sattitudetotheauthorattheendofthestory?A.AngryB.ImpatientC.SympatheticD.Encouraging24.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Thedisabledshouldbetreatedwithrespect.B.Ateachercanopenupanewworldtostudents.C.Onecanfindhiswayoutofdifficultieswithefforts.D.Everyoneneedsahandwhenfacedwithchallenges.
Afterabusydayofworkandplaythebodyneedstorest.Sleepisnecessaryforgoodhealth.Duringthistimethebodyrecoversfromtheactivitiesoftheday.Therestthatyougetwhilesleepingmakesitpossibleforyourbodytoprepareitselfforthenextday.TherearefourlevelsofsleepeachbeingalittledeeperthantheonebeforE.Asyousleepyourbodyrelaxes放松littlebylittlE.Yourheartbeatsmoreslowlyandyourbrainslowsdown.Afteryoureachthefourthlevelyourbodyshifts变换backandforthfromonelevelofsleeptotheother.ThoughyourmindslowsdownyouwilldreamfromtimetotimE.Scientistswhostudysleeppointoutthatwhendreamingoccursyoureyeballsbegintomovemorequicklyalthoughyoureyelidsareclosed.ThisstageofsleepiscalledREMwhichstandsforrapideyemovement.Ifyouhavetroublefallingasleepsomepeoplerecommend建议breathingveryslowlyandverydeeply.Otherpeoplebelievethatdrinkingwarmmilkwillmakeyoudrowsy.Thereisalsoanoldsuggestionthatcountingsheepwillputyoutosleep.12Thetextsuggeststhatnotgettingenoughsleepmightmakeyou_____.A.dreammoreoftenB.feeltiredandnervousC.sufferfrompoorhealthD.breathequickly13.DuringREM_____.A.youmoverestlesslyB.youreyeballsmovequicklyC.yourmindstopsworkingD.youstartdreaming14.Theunderlinedworddrowsyinthelastparagraphprobablymeans_____.A.lazyB.relaxedC.sleepyD.pleased15.A.goodtitleforthistextmightbe_____.A.DreamsB.GoodHealthC.WorkandRestD.Sleep
Hereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:Mentalworkalonecan’tmakeustireD.ItsoundsabsurD.Butayearsagoscientiststriedtofindouthowlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue疲劳.Totheamazementofthesescientiststheydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrainwhenitisactiveshowsnofatigueatall!Ifwetookadropofbloodfromadaylaborerwewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins毒素andfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinsteinitwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.Sofarasthebrainisconcerneditcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheendofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotallytireless.Sowhatmakesustired?Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotional情感的attitudes.OneofEngland’smostoutstandingscientistsJ.A.HadfieldsaysThegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmentalorigin.InfactfatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrarE.Dr.BrillafamousAmericanscientistgoesevenfurther.HedeclaresOnehundredpercentofthefatigueofasittingworkeringoodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?Joy?Satisfaction?No!A.feelingofbeingboredangeranxietytensenessworryafeelingofnotbeingappreciated---thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.HardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatiguE.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.32.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer’sblooD.B.AlbertEinsteindidn’tfeelwornoutafteraday’swork.C.ThebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatiguE.D.A.mentalworker’sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.33.Accordingtotheauthorwhichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkerstired?A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor.34.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientists’idea?A.Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.C.Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.35.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergeticsittingworkersneedto______.A.havesomegoodfooD.B.enjoytheirworkC.exerciseregularlyD.discoverfatiguetoxins
FromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousagE.Weareimmunized免疫frombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.A.largenumberofoncedeadlyillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandmedicaltreatment.Itisalmostcertainthatonedaycureswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdiseases.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbeforeeverydaywewitnesstheunbelievableslaughter屠杀ofmenwomenandchildrenontheroads.Manvsthemotor-car!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen.Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheel方向盘hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotor-caroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebehindasteering-wheel.Theyareill-manneredandaggressivewillfulastwo-year-oldsandabsolutelyselfish.Alltheirhiddendisappointmentsandregretsseemtobebroughtbytheactofdriving.Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessokindlyonthemotoristandseemstoforgivehisbehavior.EverythingisdoneforhisconveniencE.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostimpossibletoliveinbecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisruinedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistictobeconvenientlyforgotten.ItishightimeaworldsystemoflawswerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlifE.Asfordrivingthelawsofsomecountriesarenotstrictandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.HereareafewexamplesofsomethethingsthatmightbedonE.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefarmoredifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstrictannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanaffectaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglawswheretheyexistshouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeintroducedonallroads.Governmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecifications规范formanufacturersashasbeendoneintheUSA.AlladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanneD.ThesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyseverE.ButsurelynothingshouldbeconsideredastoosevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlifE.Afteralltheworldisforhumanbeingsnotmotor-cars.48.Themainideaofthispassageis_________.A.trafficaccidentsaremainlycausedbymotoristsB.thousandsofpeopletheworldoverarekilledeachyearC.thelawsofsomecountriesaboutdrivingarenottoostrictD.onlystrictertrafficlawscanpreventaccidents49.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofsocietytowardmotorists?A.Societylaughsatthemotorists.B.Hugecarparksarebuiltinthecitiesandtowns.C.Victimsofaccidentsarenothing.D.Societyforgivestheirrudedriving.50.Whydoestheauthorsay:hiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality?A.Drivingcanshowhisrealself.B.Drivingcanshowtheotherpartofhispersonality.C.Drivingcanbringouthischaracter.D.Hiscarcanexpresshistemper.51.Theattitudeoftheauthoris_________.A.ironicalB.criticalC.appealingD.favorable
Ourlifestylestodayareverybusy.Wehavefamilyschoolsportsentertainmentandsocialactivitiestofitintoatimethatseemsneverenough.WeneedtobehealthytomeetthedemandsofdailylifE.Butwhatdoesitmeantohaveahealthylifestyle?Tohaveahealthylifestyleweneedto:◆eatdifferentkindsofhealthyfoodmostofthetime◆doexerciseoften◆havetimetorelax◆getenoughsleeptogiveourbodiestimetogrowhealthyandstrongReadaboutanormaldayinthelivesoftwochildren.Abbeygetsupat7:00amfeedsthedogandhascerealandaglassofjuiceforbreakfast.ShewalkstoschoolwithherfriendJuliA.Shehasabagofchipsforamorningsnackdrinkswaterandhasachickenandlettucesandwichwithabananaforlunch.ShelikestoplaysoccerwithherfriendsatlunchandmorningbreaktimE.ShewalkshomewithJuliahassomecrackerswithcheeseandjuiceforafternoonsnackandplayswiththedogforawhilE.Sheplayscomputergamesforanhourortwobeforedinnerthenhasashoweranddoesherhomework.Shewatchesherfavoritetelevisionshowforanhourthenusuallygoestobedatabout9:30pm.Carlgetsupat8:30amandhastwopiecesofbreadwithjamandaglassofmilkforbreakfast.Hismotherdriveshimtoschoolonherwaytowork.Heeatscookieswithjuiceformorningsnackandapotpieorderedfromtheschoollunchroomwithjuiceforlunch.HelikestoplaycardgameswithhisfriendsatlunchtimeandclimbthefixedequipmentatmorningbreaktimE.Hecatchesthebushomehasacerealbarandacanofsodaforafternoonsnackthenwatchessometelevision.Hehasashowerbeforedinnerthenplaysthecomputerforanhourortwo.Hegoestobedatabout10:30pm.Nomatterwhichkindoflifestyleyouagreeonjustrememberit’simportanttobalanceallaspectsoflifE.25.Aboutahealthylifestylethewriterdoesn’ttalkabout__________.A.dietB.exerciseC.relaxationD.medicine26.Whatcanwelearnfromthearticle?A.Abbeyplayssoccerwithherfriendsatschool.B.Abbeydoesherhomeworkfirstafterschool.C.Carlgoestoschoolbybuseveryday.D.Carlhasjuiceforbreakfast.27.Whereisthearticleprobablyfrom?A.A.healthmagazinE.B.A.clothingwebsitE.C.A.sportsguidebook.D.A.traveladvertisement.
Thinkaboutwhatyouusuallyhaveforameal:Isitahamburger?Whataboutvegetables?Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthatwhatyoueatcanaffectthewholeplanet?Itcan--inabigway.ScientistsattendingtheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofSciencemeetinginChicagopresentednewstudiesshowinghowfoodanditsproductionaffecttheglobeanditswarmingclimatE.ItisgenerallybelievedthatglobalwarmingiscausedbythelargeamountsofgreenhousegasesreleasedintotheatmospherE.OneofthesegreenhousegasesiscarbondioxidE.Whatdoesthishavetodowithfood?A.bigpartofthecarbondioxidecomesfromtheprocessofmakingandeatingfoodthescientistsreportedinChicago.TheproductionofmeatcontributestoalotofthatcarbondioxidE.Theprocessofmakingahamburgerforexamplerequiresalotofenergy.A.cowhastobefedandraisedonfarmlandandcowmanure肥料isamajorsourceofmethane甲烷--anespeciallypowerfulgreenhousegas.Bythetimeahamburgerisfinallyservedonadinnerplateithasdonegreatharmtotheenvironment.Themessagefromtheresearchisclear:Wecangreatlyreducetheproductionofgreenhousegasesbyeatinglessmeat.Allkindsofmeatthescientistsreportedareharderontheplanetthanvegetables.Togrowandeatapoundofpotatoesforexamplesendslessthanone-quarterpoundofcarbondioxideorothergreenhousegasesintotheair.SoshiftingourdiettolessmeatandmorevegetablesasitturnsoutmaydotheworldsomegooD.33.Generallyspeakingpeoplebelievethatglobalwarmingiscausedby________.A.cuttingdowntoomanytrees.B.releasingtoomanygreenhousegases.C.growingtoomanyvegetables.D.raisingtoomanycows.34.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Tomakeandeatmeatrequiresagreatdealofenergy.B.Tofeedandraisecowsonfarmlandcontributestogreenhousegases.C.Tomakeandeathamburgerssendsgreenhousegasesintotheair.D.Togrowandeatvegetablesdoesnoharmtotheenvironment.35.Accordingtothepassagethewriterseeminglyintendsto________.A.appealtoustoprotecttheenvironmentbyeatinglessmeatfooD.B.persuadeustodevelopagoodeatinghabittokeephealthyC.adviseustomakelesshamburgersinordertosaveenergy.D.encourageustogrowmorevegetablestoreducegreenhousegases.
EatingtoomuchfattyfoodexercisingtoolittleandsmokingcanraiseyourfutureriskofheartdiseasE.Butthereisanotherfactorthatcancauseyourheartproblemsmoreimmediately:theairyoubreathE.Previousstudieshavelinkedhighexposure暴露toenvironmentalpollutiontoanincreasedriskofheartproblembuttwoanalysesnowshowthatpoorairqualitycanleadtoheartattackorstroke中风withinaslittleasafewhoursafterexposurE.Inonereviewoftheresearchscientistsfoundthatpeopleexposedtohighlevelsofpollutants污染物wereupto5%morelikelytosufferaheartattackwithindaysofexposurethanthosewithlowerexposurE.A.separatestudyofstrokepatientsshowedthatevenairthattheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyEPAconsiderstobeofmoderate良好qualityandrelativelysafeforourhealthcanraisetheriskofstrokeasmuchas34%within12to14hoursofexposurE.TheauthorsofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeopleandcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressurE.Howeveritisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices.SostricterregulationbytheEPAofpollutantsmaynotonlyimproveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.1.Thetextmainlydiscussestherelationshipbetween______.A.heartproblemsandairqualityB.heartproblemsandexercisingC.heartproblemsandsmokingD.heartproblemsandfattyfood2.TheunderlinedwordmodestinParagraph3mostprobablymeans______.A.relativelyhighB.extremelylowC.relativelylowD.extremelyhigh3.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto_______.A.describeB.persuadeC.informD.entertain
Afoodadditive添加剂isanysubstancethatisaddedtofooD.ManypeopleareputoffbytheideaofchemicalsinfooD.Thetruthisthatallfoodismadeupofchemicals.Naturalsubstanceslikemilkaswellasman-madeoneslikedrinksonsaleinthemarketcanbedescribedbychemicalformulas.Somechemicalsubstancesareindeedharmfulbutapersonwhorefusedtoconsumeanychemicalswouldfindnothingtoeat.Thethingsweeatcanbedividedintonaturalandman-madesubstances.Somepeoplefeelthatonlynaturalfoodsarehealthyandthatallman-madeingredientsaretobeavoideD.Butmanynaturalchemicalsfoundinplantsandanimalsareharmfulwheneatenandsomelaboratory-madesubstancesincreasethenutritionalvalueoffooD.Otherchemicalshavenaturalandman-madeformsthatareexactlyalike:vitaminC.isvitaminCwhetheritcomesfromatesttubeorfromanorangE.Likechemicalman-madedoesn’tnecessarilymeannotfittoeat.Foodadditivesareusedformanyreasons.Weaddsugarandsaltandotherthingstofoodsweprepareathometomakethemtastebetter.Foodproducershavedevelopedarangeofadditivesthatstabilizethickenhardenkeepwetkeepfirmorimprovetheappearanceoftheirproducts.Additivescanmakefoodmoreconvenientornutritiousgiveitalongershelflifeandmakeitmoreattractivetotheconsumerthusincreasingthesalesandprofitsoftheproducers.Foodadditivesarepresentlythecentreofastormofseriousargument.Foodproducershavebeenknowntouseadditivesthathavenotbeenprovedsafe;somesubstancesincommonusehavebeenprovedunsafeandhavebeentakenoffthemarket.Manypeoplefeelthere’sariskofeatingfoodtowhichanythinghasbeenaddeD.ButfoodadditivesarenowregulatedbytheFDAofthefederalgovernmentandnewadditiveswillgothroughstricttestingbeforetheycanbeplacedonthemarket.Formostpeoplethechancesofdevelopingserioussideeffects副作用fromthelong-termuseofpresentlyapproved批准foodadditivesareverysmall.29.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat.A.naturalfoodsaremuchsaferthanman-madeonesB.itisrighttorefusechemicalsinfoodC.foodadditivesareharmfultoourhealthD.allfoodshavechemicalsubstances30.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Foodadditivescanimprovethequalityoffoodsinmanyways.B.ToensurefoodsafetytheFDAwillstopfoodadditives.C.FoodsfreeofadditivescankeepamuchlongershelflifE.D.FoodswithmoreadditiveshavehighernutritionalvaluE.31.WecaninferfromtheregulationtothefoodadditivesbytheFDAthat.A.newadditiveswillbeapprovedmoreeasilythanbeforeB.foodwithcommon-usedadditiveswillbetakenoffthemarketC.foodadditiveswillbeusedinasaferandmorescientificwayD.foodproducerswon’tbeallowedtousenewfoodadditives32.Accordingtothewriterthefoodadditiveis.A.worryingB.acceptableC.poisonousD.avoidable
Whatfunitwastoplaygamesratherthantakespecialexercisewhenyouwereapupil!Backthenracingaroundtheplaygroundorskippingropeforhoursyouweren’tthinkingfitnessyouwerethinkingentertainment.Butinthisageofhigh-techhomeequipmentandunderusedgymmembershipsthesimplejoyofjumpingropehasbeenforgotten.Rediscoveringitwillgiveyouatotal-bodyexerciseyoucanfinD.Althoughconsideredanexcellentformofexercisejumpingropehasnevergainedwidespreadacceptancebecauseoftwofundamentalreasons.Firstmostpeoplerecognizejumpingropeasanexcellentformofcardiovascular心血管的exercisebuttheyalsobelievethatitissimplytoodifficult.Inotherwordstheydon’tthinkthey’llbeabletocontinuejumpingforthenear20minutesthatittakestoachieveabeneficialphysicaloutcomE.SecondmanyviewitassomewhatboringandoverlyrepetitivenotassomethingfunorenjoyablE.Asamatteroffactjumpingropecanbegreatfunifyoufindaproperwaytopracticeit.Insteadofdoingtheusualtwo-footbounceoverandoveragainpeoplegoodatrope-jumpingoftenchangetheirpatternevery10or20jumps.A.singlebounceadouble-bounceaskipaknee-upsideswingsaswellasavarietyofothereasy-to-learnfree-stylerope-jumping.Nowresearchersarelearningthatjumpingropealsopreparesthebrainforlearning.Itisanexerciseallowingbothbrainhemispherestoperforminparalleltoeachother.Inshortjumpingropecanbealife-longactivityrequiringlittleequipmenttimeandspaceyetleadingtoamuchhealthierlifE.28.Wecanlearnfromthefirstparagraphthat.A.advancedequipmenthasreplacedjumpingropE.B.peopleliketogotogymstotakeexercisE.C.jumpingropehasbeenoutofminD.D.jumpingropeisonlyanentertainment.29.Whyhasjumpingropenevergainedwidespreadacceptance?A.Becauseitisharmfultocardiovascular.B.Becauseitistime-consumingandlessenjoyablE.C.Becauseittakesmoretimeandenergy.D.Becauseithasdisappearedinmodernsociety.30.Theauthorwritesthisarticleto.A.advisepeopletopickupandenjoyjumpingropeB.objecttothehigh-techhomeequipmentC.makepeopleawareoftheimportanceofhealthD.analyzewhyjumpingropehasnotwidelyspread31.Thebesttitleofthetextwouldbe.A.JumpingRopeIsFullofJoyandFunB.JumpingRopeDoesn’tIttheOldPeopleC.JumpingRopeHasGainedWidespreadAcceptanceD.JumpingRopeIsanEasyExerciseBeneficialtoHealth
Mosquitoeshaveanextraordinaryabilitytotargethumansfarawayandflystraighttotheirunprotectedskin.Regrettablymosquitoescandomorethancauseanitchy发痒的wounD.SomemosquitoesspreadseveralseriousdiseasesincludingDengueyellowfeverandmalariA.Overonemillionpeopleworldwidediefromthesediseaseseachyear.NewresearchnowshowshowmosquitoeschoosewhotobitE.MosquitoesneedbloodtosurvivE.Theyareattractedtohumanskinandbreath.Theysmellthecarbondioxidegaswhichallmammalsbreatheout.Thisgasisthemainwayformosquitoestoknowthatawarm-bloodedcreatureisnearby.Butmosquitoesalsousetheireyesandsenseoftouch.MichaelDickinsonisaprofessorattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.Hisresearchshowshowthesesmallinsectswithevensmallerbrainsusethreesensestofindabloodmeal.MichaelDickinson’steamusedplumes—amaterialthatrisesintotheairofcarbondioxidegasintoawindtunnel.Theythenusedcamerastorecordthemosquitoes.TheinsectsfollowedtheplumE.Thenthescientistsplaceddarkobjectsonthelightercoloredfloorandwallsofthetunnel.Mr.Dickinsonsaidatfirstthemosquitoesshowednointerestintheobjectsatall.Whatwasquitestrikingandquitesurprisingisthatthemosquitoesflybackandforthforhours.Thesearehungryfemalesandtheycompletelyignoretheobjectsonthefloorandwallofthetunnel.ButthemomenttheygetahitofCO2.theychangetheirbehaviorquiteobviouslyandnowwouldbecomeattractedtotheselittlevisualblobs斑点.Thissuggestedtotheresearchersthatamosquito’ssenseofsmellismoreimportantinthesearchforfooD.Oncemosquitoescatchasmellofahumanoranimaltheyalsofollowvisualsignals.28.Whatdomosquitoesmainlyusetofindtheirtargets?A.Senseofsmell.B.Senseoftouch.C.Senseofsight.D.Smartbrains.29.Thefirstresponseofthemosquitoestotheobjectsintheexperimentis.A.toflytothedarkonesB.tocatchandsticktothemC.totakenonoticeofthemD.toattachthemselvestothem30.Howcanweavoidbeingattackedbymosquitoesaccordingtothetext?A.Don’tletthemseeus.B.Usedarkobjectstostopthem.C.Makethemflybackandforthforhours.D.Attractthemtoobjectsfullofcarbondioxidegas.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowDoMosquitoesSurvive?B.WhyDoMosquitoesNeedBlood?C.HowDoMosquitoesChoosetoBiteYou?D.WhyDoMosquitoesAttacktheHumanBeing?
Doyoumeltatthecreaminessoffull-fatyogurt?Wellchancesareyou’vebeentoldtoresistthetemptationifyou’reonadiet.Thereasonbehindthisseemsprettystraightforward:Theextracaloriespackedintothefatarebadforourwaistlines.Butwhatifdairyfatisn’tthedietaryevilwebelieveitis?Infacttworecentstudieshaveconcludedthattheconsumptionofwhole-fatdairyislinkedtoreducedbodyfat.InonepaperpublishedbySwedishresearchersinScandinavianJournalofPrimaryHealthCaremiddle-agedmenwhoconsumedhigh-fatmilkbutterandcreamweresignificantlylesslikelytobecometoofatoveraperiodof12yearscomparedwithmenwhoneverorrarelyatehigh-fatdairy.ThesecondstudypublishedintheEuropeanJournalofNutritionisananalysisof16otherstudies.Therehasbeenanassumptionthathigh-fatdairyfoodscontributetooverweightbutthereviewersconcludedthattheevidencedoesnotsupportthisassumption.Infactthereviewersfoundthatinmostofthestudieshigh-fatdairywasassociatedwithalowerriskofoverweight.It’snotclearwhatmightexplainthisphenomenon.Someresearcherspointtothesatiety饱腹感factor.Thehigherlevelsoffatinwholemilkproductsmaymakeusfeelfullerfaster.Andasaresultthethinkinggoeswemayendupeatingless.Ortheexplanationcouldbemorecomplex.Theremaybebioactivesubstancesinthemilkfatthatmaybealteringourmetabolism新陈代谢inawaythathelpsususethefatandburnitforenergyratherthanstoringitinourbodiessaysGregMillerexecutivevicepresidentofAmerica’sNationalDairyCouncil.Whateverthemechanismthisassociationbetweenhigherdairyfatandlowerbodyweightappearstoholdupinchildrentoo.Andinadditiontothebodyweightassociationwholemilkcontainsbeneficialomega3fattyacids.Howeversomepeopleshouldstillavoidconsumingtoomuchwhole-milkdairyproducts.Theseproductsarerelativelyhighinsaturatedfat饱和脂肪andeatingtoomuchsaturatedfatcanincreasetheriskofheartdiseasE.Somanyexpertsagreethatadultswithhighcholesterol胆固醇shouldcontinuetolimitdairyfat.78.Whyaredieterstoldtostayawayfromfull-fatdairyproducts?_____________________________________________________________.79.Bothstudiescametothesameconclusionthat_____________.80.Besidesthesatietyfactorwhatmighthelpexplainthenewfindings?______________________________________________________________.81.Expertsstillagreethatfull-fatdairyproductsmaynotbegoodforthosewho_____________.Note:AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTWELVEWORDS.
Whenweseewellwedonotthinkaboutoureyesveryoften.ItisonlywhenwecannotseeperfectlythatwerealizehowimportantoureyesarE.Peoplewhoarenear-sightedcanonlyseethingsthatareveryclosetotheireyes.Everythingelseseemsblurry不清晰.Manypeoplewhodoalotofworksuchaswritingreadingandsewingbecomenear-sighteD.Peoplewhoarefar-sightedsufferfromjusttheoppositeproblem.Theycanseethingsthatarefarawaybuttheyhavedifficultyinreadingabookunlesstheyholditatarm’slength.Iftheywanttodomuchreadingtheymustgetglassestoo.OtherpeopledonotseeclearlybecausetheireyesarenotexactlytherightshapE.Theyhavewhatiscalledastigmatism散光.Thistoocanbecorrectedbyglasses.Somepeople’seyesbecomecloudybecauseofcataracts白内障.LongagothesepeopleoftenbecameblinD.Nowhoweveritispossibletooperateonthecataractsandremovethem.Havingtwogoodeyesisimportantforjudgingdistances.EacheyeseesthingsfromaslightlydifferentanglE.Toprovethistoyourselflookatanobjectoutofoneeye;thenlookatthesameobjectoutofyourothereyE.Youwillfindtheobject’srelationtothebackgroundandotherthingsaroundithaschangeD.Thedifferencebetweenthesetwodifferenteyeviewshelpsustojudgehowfarawayanobjectis.Peoplewhohaveonlyoneeyecannotjudgedistancesaspeoplewithtwoeyes.24.Weshouldtakegoodcareofoureyes______.A.onlywhenwecanseewellB.onlywhenwecannotseeperfectlyC.evenifwecanseewellD.onlywhenwerealizehowimportantoureyesare25.Whenthingsfarawayseemindistinct模糊不清oneisprobably______.A.near-sightedB.far-sightedC.astigmaticD.sufferingfromcataracts26.Havingtwoeyesinsteadofoneisparticularlyusefulfor______.A.seeingatnightB.seeingobjectsfarawayC.lookingoverawideareaD.judgingdistances27.Peoplewhosufferfromastigmatismhave_______.A.oneeyebiggerthantheotherB.eyesthatarenotexactlytherightshapeC.adifficultythatcanbecorrectedbyanoperationD.aneyedifficultythatcannotbecorrectedbyglasses
A.primaryschoolinWuhanhasusednewdesksandchairstopreventstudentsfromgettingshortsight.Thedesksandchairsmakestudentshavethecorrectpostureespeciallywhenreadingandwriting.Eachdeskhasanadjustablesteelbar.Thebarcanhelpstudentskeeptheireyesatleast30cmfrombooks.ZhangJianmingisheadmasteroftheprimaryschool.Shesaidthenewdesksandchairswereprovidedbyaneyecarecentreinthecity.TheschoolcarriedoutasurveylastSeptember.Itshowedthatabout7percentofits1093studentssaidtheysufferedfromshortsight.Thenewdesksandchairshavealreadyimprovedthestudents’posturebutbothteachersandstudentsmightneedmoretimetogetusedtothem.YangLihuaisheadoftheWuhanYouthEyeCareCenter.Shesaidthedesksandchairswereintroducedto19schoolsonatrialbasis.Duringourresearchintoshortsightwenoticedthatthenumberofstudentswithshortsightwasincreasing.ThisisbecauseparentsareteachingtheirchildrentoreadandwriteataveryearlyagewithoutpayingenoughattentiontotheirpostureshesaiD.FengJunyingisadoctoratBeijingJingshanSchool.IthinkthenewdesksandchairsinWuhanwillcertainlybehelpfulshesaiD.Butbadreadinghabitsatschoolarenottheonlyreasonforshortsight.ChildrenareusingmobilephonesandiPadswhentheyareveryyoung.ThiscanbeanotherreasonforshortsightatayoungagE.28.Accordingtothepassagetheadjustablesteelbarcanhelpthestudentskeeptheireyes___________frombooks.A.20cmB.25cmC.29cmD.32cm29.TheschoolsinWuhanintroducedthedeskswithbarstotheprimaryschoolstudentsinorderto_______________.A.makestudentsgrowtallB.helpstudentshavethecorrectpostureC.helpstudentslovereadingD.notallowstudentstousemobile30.FengJunying’swordsmean___________________________________.A.thenumberofstudentswithshortsightisincreasingB.thestudentsdon’tgetusedtothenewdesksandchairsC.badreadinghabitsarenottheonlyreasonofthestudents’shortsightD.thenewdesksandchairsareuselessforthestudentstoimprovetheireyesight31.Fromthepassageagoodwaytoprotectoureyesightisto___________________________.A.buyanadjustablesteelbarB.gototheYouthEyeCareCentreoftenC.haveacorrectposturewhenwearestudyingD.readlessandusemobilephonesandiPadsless
Foraslongaspeoplehaveneededtospendtimeawayfromhometherehavebeenplacesthatwouldprovidefoodinexchangeformoney.Waysideinnssmallhotelsorpubshavebeenafeatureofnearlyeverycivilization.Butineveryageandeverycountrysuchinnsdidlittlemorethansatisfyhunger.ThecoffeehousesthatbecamepopularinEuropefromthemid-17thcenturyweremainlymeetinghousesforpeoplE.Theyrarelyofferedanymorethanlightsnacks.Hungrycustomershadtoreturnhomefordinner.CoffeehousesremainedpopulardevelopingintocafesasmallrestaurantwhereyoucanbuydrinksandsimplemealsacrossEuropE.TheideathatcookingisanartandthatenjoyingfoodisanartisticexperienceworthpayingforaroseinFranceinthemiddleofthe18thcentury.ThephilosophicalgroundworkfortheartofcookingandeatingcamefromtheFrenchthinkerJeanBrillat-SavarinwhosemostfamoussayingisTellmewhatyoueatandIwilltellyouwhatyouarE.HenotedtheappearanceofrestaurantsinParisandforesawthattheywouldbecomeplaceswherepeoplecouldeatwhenevertheywantedchoosingfromalistofdishesandknowinginadvancehowmuchtheyweregoingtopay.The1789FrenchRevolutionputmanyofthebestchefsoutofworkastheyweregenerallyemployedbynoblefamilies.France’schefshadtoturntobusinessandopenfoodshopsandrestaurants.Atthesametimetherisingmiddleclassgotreadytospendmoneyonpleasuresonceenjoyedalmostonlybytheupperclass.DiningoutbecamealeisureactivitythatthewidersocietycouldafforD.ManymodernwaysofeatingoutwereinventedinAmericA.Theself-servicecafeteriaforexamplestartedinCaliforniaduringthegoldrush淘金热of1849.Thefirsthalfofthe20thcenturywitnessedtheriseofluncheonettesanddiners.Theirlimitedmenuswereperfectlysuitedtourbanofficeworkerswhowantedfoodthatwascheapandspeedy.Assuchtheypreparedthewayforthecentury’smostsweepingchangeineatingout:theunstoppablefastfoodrevolution.5.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Theartofcookingandeating.B.Modernwaysofeatingout.C.Thefast-foodrevolution.D.Thehistoryofdiningout.6.WecanlearnfromthetextthatcoffeehousesinEurope.A.developedfrominnsalongtheroadB.satisfiedthehungeroftheircustomersC.servedthepurposeofcommunicationD.appearedinthemiddleofthe17thcentury7.JeanBrillat-Savarinseemedtobelievethat.A.diningwasakindofpleasureB.itwasimportanttocookathomeC.restaurantshadanuncertainfutureD.peopleshouldspendmoreonpleasures8.The1789FrenchRevolutioninFrance.A.madeenjoyingfoodmoreexpensiveB.ledtothepopularityofdiningoutC.slowedthedevelopmentofcookingskillsD.discouragedpeople’sinterestineating9.Accordingtothetextbothluncheonettesanddiners.A.providedagreatvarietyofdishesB.wereinventedinCaliforniatheUSC.laidthebaseforthefastfoodindustryD.werepopularamongtheupperclass
Anewcomputertreatmentisbeingusedtodealwithobesity肥胖inchildren.Connectedtoasmalldiningsetconsistingofscalesandaplateaminicomputerteacheschildrenhowtoeatandremindsthemwhentostop.Inveryfatpeoplehungersignalsfromthestomachtothebrainstopfunctioning.ButthenewcomputersystemteachesthechildrenhowtoreceivethesemessagesagainsaysDr.JulianHamiltonShieldtheBristolUniversityseniorlecturerleadingthetreatmenttrials.ThecomputercalledaMandometerrecordsandstorestheweightlossfromtheplatewhenchildreneat.Asthefoodisleavingtheplateacurve曲线isproducedonthecomputerscreensuggestingwhetherthechildiseatingtooquickly.Childrenwithweightproblemsofteneattooquickly.Wewantthemtoeatsteadilyandslowlyandthesystemteachesthemtoslowdown.It’sabitlikeretrainingsaysHamiltonShielD.Obesitynowrepresentsoneofthemajorthreatstothefuturehealthofchildren.AboutoneinfiveboysandoneinfourgirlsagedtwotofifteeninEnglandareoverweight.Butsofarnotreatmentshaveproveneffectiveintreatingchildren.TheMandometerwasdevelopedinSwedenbutatpresentisexperiencingfurtherdevelopmentattheUniversityofBristolwith＄224400infundsfromBUPA—aglobalhealthandcareorganization.Thesystemcouldbeonthemarketintwoyears’timE.Atfirstitwouldbemanagedbymedicalclinics.24.Thetextismainlywrittentoexplain.AhowanewcomputertreatmentdealingwithobesityworksBwhychildobesitybecomesatopicofpeopleChowtoloseweightwiththehelpofcomputersDwhyacomputeriseffectiveindealingwithchildobesity25.Thewordfunctioninginparagraph3probablymeans.AeatingBworkingClastingDlosing26.Obesitythreatsthehealthofchildrenwhich.ApeoplehavenotcaredaboutBisnothingcomparedwithotherdiseasesChasledtomanydeathsDisveryserious27.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?ATheMandometerwillbeputintomarketonceitproveseffectivE.BTheMandometerischeapenoughforeveryfamilytoafforD.CTheMandometerisstillnotperfect.DSloweatingissuretomakepeopleloseweight.
MycolortelevisionhasgivenmenothingbutaheadachE.IwasabletobuyitalittleoverayearagobecauseIhadmyrelativesgivememoneyformybirthdayinsteadofclothesthatwouldn’tfit.Iletasalesclerkfoolmeintobuyingadiscontinuedmodel.IrealizedthisadaylaterwhenIsawnewspaperadvertisementsforthesetatseventy-fivedollarslessthanIhadpaiD.ThesetworkedsobeautifulwhenIfirstgotithomethatIwouldkeepitonuntilstationssignedoffforthenight.FortunatelyIdidn’tgetanychannelsshowingall-nightmoviesorIwouldneverhavegottentobeD.ThenIstarteddevelopingaproblemwiththesetthatinvolvedstatic静电noisE.Forsomereasonwhencertainshowsswitchedintoacommercialaloudnoisewouldsoundforafewseconds.GraduallythisnoisebegantoappearduringashowandtogetridofitIhadtochangetoanotherchannelandthenchangeitback.SometimesthistechniquewouldnotworkandIhadtopickupthesetandshakeittoremovethesounD.Iactuallybegantobuildupmyarmmuscles肌肉shakingmyset.WhenneitherofthesemethodsremovedthestaticnoiseIwouldsithelplesslyandwaitforthenoisetogoaway.AtlastIendeduphittingthesetwithmyfirstanditstoppedworkingaltogether.Mytriptotherepairshopcostme$62andthesitisworkingwellnowbutIkeepexpectingmoretroublE.21.WhydidtheauthorsayhewasfooledintobuyingtheTVset?A.HegotanoldermodelthanhehadexpecteD.B.Hecouldn’treturnitwhenitwasbroken.C.HecouldhaveboughtitatalowerpricE.D.Hefailedtofindanymovieshowsonit.22.Whichofthefollowinganbestreplacethephrasesignedoffinparagraph1?A.endedalltheirprogramsB.providedfewerchannelsC.changedtocommercialsD.showedall-nightmovies23.HowdidtheauthorfinallygetthisTVsetworkingagain?A.ByshakingandhittingitB.ByturningitonandoffC.ByswitchingchannelsD.Byhavingitrepaired24.Howdoestheauthorsoundwhentellingthestory?A.CuriousB.AnxiousC.CautiousD.Humorous
Foodservesasaformofcommunicationintwofundamentalways.Sharingbreadorotherfoodsisacommonhumantraditionthatcanpromoteunityandtrust.Foodcanalsohaveaspecificmeaningandplayasignificantroleinafamilyorculture'scelebrationsortraditions.Thefoodsweeat—andwhenandhowweeatthem—areoftenuniquetoaparticularcultureormayevendifferbetweenrural农村的andurbanareaswithinonecountry.Sharingbreadwhetherduringaspecialoccasion时刻oratthefamilydinnertableisacommonsymboloftogetherness.Manyculturesalsocelebratebirthdaysandmarriageswithcakesthatarecutandsharedamongtheguests.EarlyformsofcakeweresimplyakindofbreadsothistraditionhitsitsrootsinthecustomofsharingbreaD.FoodalsoplaysanimportantroleinmanyNewYearcelebrations.InthesouthernUnitedStatespiecesofcornbreadrepresentblocksofgoldforprosperity兴旺intheNewYear.InGreecepeopleshareaspecialcakecalledvasilopita.A.coinisputintothecakewhichsignifies预示successintheNewYearforthepersonwhoreceivesit.ManycultureshaveceremoniestocelebratethebirthofachildandfoodcanplayasignificantrolE.InChinawhenababyisonemontholdfamiliesnameandwelcometheirchildinacelebrationthatincludesgivingred-coloredeggstoguests.Inmanyculturesroundfoodssuchasgrapesbreadandmooncakesareeatenatwelcomecelebrationstorepresentfamilyunity.NutritionisnecessaryforlifesoitisnotsurprisingthatfoodissuchanimportantpartofdifferentculturesaroundtheworlD.25.Accordingtothepassagesharingbread______.A.indicatesalackoffoodB.canhelptodevelopunityC.isacustomuniquetoruralareasD.hasitsrootsinbirthdaycelebrations26.WhatdoesthecoininvasilopitasignifyforitsreceiverintheNewYear?A.Trust.B.Success.C.Health.D.Togetherness.27.Theauthorexplainstheroleoffoodincelebrationsby______.A.usingexamplesB.makingcomparisonsC.analyzingcausesD.describingprocesses28.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.ThecustomofsharingfooD.B.ThespecificmeaningoffooD.C.Theroleoffoodinceremonies.D.TheimportanceoffoodinculturE.
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