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WHENtheWhiteHouseannouncedthatMaliaObamatheolderdaughterofUSPresidentBarackObamawouldwaituntil2017toenrollinHarvardandwouldtakeagapyearinthemeantimealotofAmericanswereconfuseD.ButtheWhiteHousedidn’tsaywhatMaliaObamawoulddoduringtheyearshe’stakingoff.GapyearsaresopopularinBritainthatmorethan200000studentstakethemeveryyear.HowevertheyarevirtuallyunknowntomanystudentsintheUS.Onlyabout1percentofgraduatingseniorsorabout30000AmericanstudentsdecidetotakeayearoffbetweenhighschoolandcollegE.Gapyearsasdefined定义bymostUScollegesarestructured规划好的educationalperiodsoftravelvolunteeringorotherkindsoflearningthroughexperiences.TheyusuallyhavetobeapprovedbythecollegesstudentsplantoattendandmoreAmericanstudentshavestartedtotakegapyears.AccordingtoAmericanGapAssociationsurveystherewasa22percentincreaseinstudentstakinggapyearsin2015overthepreviousyear.Whilemanycollegesandparticularlypublicuniversitiesdon’tallowstudentstodeferenrollmentFloridaStateUniversityhasbegunencouragingitsfreshmentotakeayearofffromtheirstudiesinordertogetsomeextramaturityandnewexperiences.WeknowveryclearlynowthatgapyearscanbeaneducationalexperiencethatchangesyoucompletelysaidJoeO’SheapresidentoftheboardoftheAmericanGapAssociation.Theyshowanincreaseindetermination.Gapyearshelpincreasestudents’focuswhiletheiridentitiesandfutureplanstakeshapE.JustaskKarisEnglewhospentayearwithacharitableorganizationinHaitiatage18.Theexperiencehasmadeherrealizethatshewantstohelpothers.EnglenowthepresidentofTheGladesInitiativeanon-profitorganizationthathelpswithfoodsecurityincommunitiesinsouthernFloridasaidtheimmersion沉浸inaverydifferentculturecompletelychangedherworldview.BythetimesheenteredBethelCollegeinKansasayearlaterherlifehadchangeD.IfeltlikeIwasdifferentfrommostpeopletherE.IknewclearlywhatIwantedtostudywhichwasinternationaldevelopmentwithanemphasisonsocialworkEnglesaiD.ShebelievesgapyearsaregoodwaysforyoungpeopletogetawayfromtheircomfortablelivesfamilyexpectationsandpressuresfromsocietytoseetheirlivesfromanewanglE.Ithelpsyouchooseyourpathshesaidinsteadoflettingitchooseyou29.AccordingtothearticlewhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.MaliaObamaisgoingtogobackpackingthroughEuropewithherfriendsduringhergapyear.B.MostpublicuniversitiesinAmericaencouragestudentstotakeagapyear.C.Studentslearnthroughtheirexperiencesbytravelingvolunteeringetcduringgapyears.D.Americanstudentscantakeayearoffwhenevertheywant.30.TheexampleofKarisEngleisusedtoshowthat______.A.studentshaveanewworldviewaftertakingagapyearB.gapyearscanhelpstudentsbecomebetterleadersC.studentscanexperiencewhatitisliketobeawayfromcomfortablelivesD.gapsyearshelpstudentsbecomemoreclearabouttheirfuture31.Thearticlewasmainlywrittento______.A.explainwhyMaliaObamawantstotakeagapyearB.explainwhatagapyearisandwhatitsbenefitsareC.showthegrowingpopularityofgapyearsinAmericaD.encourageChinesestudentstotakeagapyear
AnewretailphenomenonfromJapanwhichallowscustomerstowalkawaywithfreeproductsistolaunchinBritain.FromtomorrowvisitorstoSampleTrend’scentralLondonstorecantryanythingonitsshelvesandalloftheproductscanbetakenhomewithoutchargE.Foranannualmembershipfeeof£60usersarefreetoentertheshoponceamonthandhelpthemselvestonolessthan£250worthofgoodseveryyear.Theonly‘catch’isthatshoppersareaskedtocompleteasimplequestionnaireabouteachproducttheytry.Knownas‘try-vertising’theconceptallowsmanufacturerstotestproductsandreceiveconsumerfeedback反馈beforelaunchingontotheopenmarket.ItisalreadyasensationinJapanandnowlookssettotransformthefortunesoftheembattledUKretailindustry.IfeverythinggoeswellcountriessuchasGermanyandFrancewillgiveitatry.AccordingtonewfiguresstoresarefacingaChristmascrisiswiththeweakesthighstreettradingforsixmonths.MichaelGhoshthefounderbehindSampleTrendsaidTheconceptbehindSampleTrendisuniqueintheUK.Itallowsshopperstheopportunitytowalkawaywithanumberofrealfull-sizeproductsoftheirchoosingwithouthandingoverapenny.Theconceptofin-storetry-vertisingissimplebuteffectivE.BusinessesacrossallsectorsfromcosmeticmanufacturerstobeveragemakersplacenewproductsontheshelvesatSampleTrendandwaitforconsumerstotrythemout.Customerscompleteashort10-pointquestionnaireabouttheproduct.Thefeedbacktheyprovideisusedtomakeanyfinishingtouchesbeforetheproductisbroughtofficiallytomarket.TheSampleTrendstorestockseverythingfromcosmeticsfoodanddrinkandhouseholdgoods.GhoshtheformeradvertisingandsalesdirectorforDisneyEuropesaidsuchfeedbackmayalsobuildbrandloyaltyfromtheoutset—aparticularlyappealingprospectfornewbusinesses.24.Themostattractivepartoftheideaforcustomersisthat_____.A.theyonlypay£60foralife-longmembershipB.theycanhelptomaketheproductsbetterC.itwon’ttakemuchtimetofinishthequestionnaireD.theycantakethingshomewithoutpayingforthem25.Theideaof‘try-vertising’originatesfrom_____.A.GermanyB.BritainC.JapanD.France26.Thepurposeof‘try-vertising’isto_____.A.getfeedbackfortheirnewproductsB.sellmoreproductsatChristmastimeC.encouragepeopletobuymoreproductsD.givecustomersfreeproductsasgifts27.WhatdoesMichaelGhoshthinkofthisbusinessidea?A.Puzzling.B.Unpractical.C.Promising.D.Surprising.
RecentlyIhadaconversationinBeijingwithanadultChinesefriendwhowascomplaininghowdifficultitwastostudyEnglish.NosurprisestherE.ItisadifficultlanguagetomasterjustlikeChinesE.ImadeafewsuggestionsbasedonmyexperiencE.OneinvolvedaveryvaluablefactwhichIlearnedfrommyhighschoolLatinandGreekteacherDr.Smith.Heisagiftedlinguist语言学家andhasanamazingabilitytorememberthingslikepoetryessaysspeechesetc.Hisadvicetousstudentsisthatformemorizationpurposesthereisfortyminuteseachdayinwhichourmemoryismoreacceptablethanitisduringtheother23hoursand20minutes.This40-minutesupermemoryperiodisdividedintotwoparts:the20minutesbeforewesleepandthe20minutesafterwefirstawakE.ThetheorysupportingthisisprettysimplE.Firstthelastinformationweinputintoourbrainbeforebedhasabetterchanceoftakingrootthaninformationgainedduringthenoisydaytime;andsecondourmindisfreeofdisturbance干扰whenwefirstawakeinthemorning一somorereceptivetoinputslikeablankslate石板.Itooktheadvicetoheartanditservedmewellinmyschoolyears.InmyuniversitydaysourChineseteacherwouldassignus200newvocabularywordseachdayonwhichwewouldbequizzed测试thefollowingday.Withoutthemagic40-minutetechniquethere'snowayIwouldhavepassedthosedailyquizzes.Asfaraslanguagestudygoesit'snotonlyusefulformemorizingvocabulary.It'salsoaveryusefulwindowoftimetolistentothelanguagewe'restudyingevenwithbackgroundnoiseandevenifit'satalevelwefinddifficulttounderstanD.Itmightbeaudio声音的languagestudyaidsorjustradioTVorwhatever.Beyondouryearsofformal正式的educationmemoryskillsarehugelyimportantinanycareer.Howmanytimeshaveweheardaspeakerreadtheirspeechfromapreparedtextorreadtheword-by-wordcontentofaPowerPointpresentationastheypresenteachslide投影片?Theseareannoyingboringandlesseffectivewaysofcommunicating.Theyarealmostguaranteed保证tolosetheaudience'scloseattentionandinterestletalonepersuadeorinspireanyonetodoanything.AndyetlotsofpeoplestillmakethismistakE.Ifweusethe40-minutetechniquewemaynotsucceedinmemorizingourpresentationcontentona100%word-by-wordbasisbutwe'llbefamiliarenoughsothatwecanspendmuchmoretimemakingeyecontactwithouraudiencE.Wewillgetthemintheprocesswhilelookingatourtextinsteadofstaringatit.Thiswillalsofreeupourhandsandarmstoconveysomeextramessagesthroughgesture.Asyouseethetechniquereallyworksbutlikemanythingsittakespracticetoperfectit.Thereforewe'dbetterfindwaystousethelanguageoutsideoftheclassroomasregularlyandfrequentlyaspossiblE.OnebasicruleoflanguagelearningisUseitorloseit·Seizetheforty-minutelearningwindowandwe'llbringinarichharvestoflanguagelearning.32.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph1A.Dr.Smithisbornwiththegreatabilitytomemorizethings.B.ItissurprisingthatEnglishisasdifficulttomasterasChinesE.C.Theauthor'shighschoolLatinandGreekteacherhasapositiveinfluenceonhim.D.TheauthormadeafewsuggestionsonlearningEnglishbasedonhisteacher'sexperiencE.33.Theauthor'steachersuggestedthe40-minutesupermemoryperiodpartlybecause_______.A.itislessnoisyinthefortyminutesthaninthedaytimeB.wearealwaysmorepeacefulwhenweawakeinthemorningC.ourbrainismoreactiveinthefortyminutesthantheothertimeD.thelastinformationgainedbeforebedismorelikelytoremain34.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatthe40-minutetechnique.A.ensuresthatweunderstandthedifficultlanguageB.helpsaspeakerinreadinghisspeechfromapreparedtextC.helpstheauthorpassthosedailyquizzesinhisuniversitydaysD.makesaspeakerrememberthepresentationcontentcompletely35.WhichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassageA.TheBestWaytoLearnEnglishB.TheImportanceofMemorySkillsC.TheMagic40-MinuteTechniqueD.MyAdviceonLearningEnglish
NOTallmemoriesaresweet.Somepeoplespendalltheirlivestryingtoforgetbadexperiences.Violenceandtrafficaccidentscanleavepeopleterriblephysicalandemotionalscars.Oftentheyrelivetheseexperiencesinnightmares.NowAmericanresearchersthinktheyareclosetodevelopingapillwhichwillhelppeopleforgetbadmemories.ThepillisdesignedtobetakenimmediatelyafterafrighteningexperiencE.Theyhopeitmightreduceorpossiblyerase抹去theeffectofpainfulmemories.InNovemberexpertstestedadrugonpeopleintheUSandFrancE.Thedrugstopsthebodyreleasingchemicalsthatfixmemoriesinthebrain.SofartheresearchhassuggestedthatonlytheemotionaleffectsofmemoriesmaybereducednotthatthememoriesareeraseD.Theresearchhascausedagreatdealofargument.SomethinkitisabadideawhileotherssupportitSupporterssayitcouldleadtopillsthatpreventortreatsoldiers’troublingmemoriesafterwar.Theysaythattheremanypeoplewhosufferfromterriblememories.Somememoriescanruinpeople’slives.Theycomebacktoyouwhenyoudon’twanttohavetheminadaydreamornightmarE.Theyusuallycomewithverypainfulemotions.saidRogerPitmanaprofessorofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchool.Thiscouldrelivealotofthatsuffering.Butthosewhoareagainsttheresearchsaythatchangingmemoriesisverydangerousbecausememoriesgiveusouridentity特质.Theyalsohelpusallavoidthemistakesofthepast.Allofuscanthinkofbadeventsinourlivesthatwerehorribleatthetimebutmakeuswhoweare.I’mnotsurewewanttowipethosememoriesoutsaidRebeccaDresseramedicalethicist.1.Thepassageismainlyabout_________________.A.anewmedicalinventionB.anewresearchonthepillC.awayoferasingpainfulmemoriesD.anargumentabouttheresearchonthepill2.Thedrugtestedonthepeoplecan________________.A.causethebraintofixmemoriesB.stoppeoplerememberingbadexperiencesC.preventbodyproducingcertainchemicalsD.wipeouttheemotionaleffectsofmemories3.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________________.A.peopledoubttheeffectsofthepillsB.thepillwillstoppeople’sbadexperiencesC.takingthepillwilldoharmtopeople’shealthD.thepillhasprobablybeenproducedinAmerica4.WhichofthefollowingdoesRebeccaDresseragreewith?A.Somememoriescanruinpeople’slives.B.Peoplewanttogetridofbadmemories.C.Experiencingbadeventsmakesusdifferentfromothers.D.Thepillwillreducepeople’ssufferingfrombadmemories.
Windows8apartfromWindows95isthebiggestsurpriseandtheonlyversionofMicrosoft'soperatingsystemthathasbeenchangedfromthecore核心whencomparedtoitsformeronE.Howeverarecentstudyhasshownthatunder20%ofbusinessownerswouldbewillingtoupgradetothenewversionofWindows.ThereasonforthisremainstobediscussedanddebatedandwewilltrytothrowlightonthisresearchbyprovidingyouwithsomeofthemostcommonadvantagesanddisadvantagesofWindows8.GenerallyspeakingthereareagreatnumberofplussidesrelatedtoupgradingfromWindows7toWindows8.Speed—Thisisthebiggestadvantagetomention.BoottimehasbeenreportedtobeuptoninetimesshorterthanthatwithWindows7.Newpasswords—InsteadoftypingyourpasswordsWindows8willletyouusegesturesonyourfavoritephotostoenteryourpassworD.Thisisnotonlypracticalbutalsoextremelycool!Windows8experience—ApartfromcomputersWindows8willbeusedonalldevicesincludingsmartphonestabletPC'sandsoon.AlsoowingtothefactthatithasbeenspecificallydesignedwithtouchscreenusersinmindWindows8besidesusingkeyboardandmousewillofferawholenewuserexperiencE.Howevertherearestillsomedisadvantages.ThefirstonethathastobementionedisthatthereisnoStartMenufromWindows.YesthereisnoStartbuttoninthelowerleftcornerandthismightbearealpuzzleofmanyWindowsusers.Alsomanyusershavehadaproblemtogetusedtothenewinterface界面introducedbyWindows8.ThebiggestproblemthatisworthnoticingisthatWindows8wasoriginallydesignedfortouchscreenusersandthismayhaveabadeffectondesktopuserswhohavegottenusedtodoingeverythingwiththehelpoftheirkeyboardandmousE.8.WhatdoesplussidesinParagraph2probablyreferto?A.Mathsymbols.B.Strengths.C.Newrules.D.Messages.9.AccordingtothetextthegreatestadvantageofWindows8isits.A.complexpasswordsB.highspeedC.uniqueexperienceD.newinterface10.FromthetextwecanlearnthatWindows8.A.nolongerrequiresapasswordB.wasupgradedfromwindows95C.willbepopularwithdesktopusersD.canbeusedonmorethancomputers11.ManyWindows8usersfacetheproblemthat.A.startMenuishiddeninthelowerleftcornerB.theyhavetousefingerprintsinsteadofbuttonC.keyboardandmousecan'tbeusedanylongerD.theydon'tgetaccustomedtothenewinterface
Asanyplanepassengerwillconfirmacryingbabyisalmostimpossibletoignorenomatterhowhardyoutry.Nowscientistsbelievetheymayhaveworkedoutwhy.A.baby’scrypullsattheheartstrings扣人心弦inawaywhileothercriesdon’tresearchersfounD.Researchersfoundthatababy’scrycantriggeruniqueemotionalresponsesinthebrainmakingitimpossibleforustoignorethem---whetherweareparentsornot.Othertypesofcriesincludingcallsofanimalsingreatpainfailtogetthesameresponse---suggestingthebrainisprogrammedtorespondspecificallytoababy’scry.AteamofOxfordUniversityscientistsscannedthebrainsof28menandwomenastheylistenedtoavarietyofcallsandcries.After100millisecondstwopartsofthebrainthatrespondtoemotionlitup.Theirresponsetoababy’scrywasparticularlystrong.Theresponsewasseeninbothmenandwomen—eveniftheyhadnochildren.ResearcherDrChristineParsonssaidYoumightreadthatmenshouldjustnoticeababyandstepoveritandnotseeitbutit’snottruE.Thereisaspecialprocessinginmenandwomenwhichmakessensefromanevolutionary演变的viewthatbothmenandwomenwouldberespondingtothesecries.Thestudywasinpeoplewhowerenotparentsyettheyareallrespondingat100mstotheseparticularcriessothismightbeafundamentalresponsepresentinallofusregardlessofparentalstatus.ResearcherKatieYoungsaiditmaytakeabitlongerforsomeonetorecognizetheirownchild’scriesbecausetheyneedtodomorefine-grainedanalysis.Theteamhadpreviouslyfoundthatourreactionsspeedupwhenwehearababycrying.Adultsperformedbetteroncomputergameswhentheyheardthesoundofababycryingthanaftertheyheardrecordingsofadultscrying.21.A.baby’scryisdifficulttoignorebecauseit_____.A.keepsoncryingB.criesharderthanadultsC.causespeoplegreatpainD.makespeoplefeelstrongemotions22.TheunderlinedwordtriggerinParagraph2probablymeans_____A.removeB.avoidC.causeD.Cure23.WhatmayChristineParsonsagreeto?A.Almosteveryonemakescertainresponsetoababy’scries.B.A.cryingbabymakesnosensetopeoplewithoutchildren.C.Menpaylessattentiontoacryingbabythanwomen.D.Parentscanhardlyrecognizetheirownbabies’cry.24.Computergamesarementionedinthetexttoshow_____.A.players’differentreactionstoacryingbabyB.baby’scryingcontributestoquickerreactionsC.theinfluenceofbaby’sandadult’scryingonperformanceD.it’shardtokeepone’sconcentrationwithacryingbabynearby
Turningthelightsoutorwearingablindfoldwhileeatingcouldbeaquickwaytoloseweightaccordingtoscientists.Thesimpletrickworksbecauseitstopsdinerseatingforpleasureratherthanforcalories.Italsotriggers引发apartofthebrainthatisworriedthatunseenfoodmaygobaD.AnexperimentbytheUniversityofKonstanzinGermanyfoundthatpeoplewhowereblindfoldedconsumedninepercentfewercaloriesbeforetheyfeltfullcomparedtothosewhocouldseE.TheyalsovastlyoverestimatedhowmuchtheyhadeatenbecausetheycouldnotseehowmuchwasleftontheplatE.Blindfoldedvolunteersestimated估计theyhadeaten88percentmorethantheyactuallyhaD.Scientistsbelievethatnotseeingfoodonthetablealsoallowsthebodytoknowwhenitisfullinrealtimeratherthanrememberingpastexperienceswhereitmighthavetakenafullplatetofeelfull.Intheexperiment50peoplewereblindfoldedand40wereallowedtoseetheirfooD.Allweretoldnottoeatwithintwohoursoftheexperiment.Theywerethengiventhree95gbowlsofchocolateicecreamandinvitedtoeatfor15minutes.Theirbowlsweretakenawayandtheremainingice-creamweighedwhiletheparticipantswerequizzedonhowmuchtheythoughttheyhadeaten.Onaveragethegroupwhocouldseeate116gwhiletheblindfoldedgroupsate105g.Howevertheblindfoldedgroupbelievedtheyhadeaten197gwhilecomparedwith159gforthenon-blindvolunteers.Theywerealsoaskedhowpleasanttheice-creamtastedandtheblindfoldedgroupratedlowerthanthosewhocouldseE.Theexperiencedpleasureofeatingwassignificantlylowerintheblindfoldedgroup.NotseeingthefoodmighthavedecreasedtheappetitE.SightplaysanimportantroleintheeatingexperienceandintheoveralldiningexperiencE.PreviousstudieshaveshownthatthevisualinfluenceoffoodplaysalargepartinthetastE.Whilerestaurantsthatallowdinerstoeatinthedarkstatethatittriggersothersensesinfacteatingindarknessislikelytotastefarmilderthanusual.25.Withthelightsoutdinerseatlesspartlybecause______.A.theywanttoquicklyfinishtheirmealsB.theytrusttheirfeelingsmorethaneverC.theyfocusmoreonfunthanthecaloriesD.theyworryaboutthequalityofthefood26.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheblindfoldedgroup______.A.spentamuchlongertimeeatingthesamefoodB.believedtheyatemorethantheyreallydidC.dependedonpastexperiencestofeelfullD.thoughtthefoodtastedbetterthanusual27.Thelasttwoparagraphstellusthat______.A.dinersarelikelytolosetheirappetiteeatingindarknessB.sensesratherthansightplayanimportantroleinthetasteC.findingsofthisexperimentdifferfromthepreviousstudiesD.restaurantsbenefitalotfromallowingdinerstoeatinthedark28.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto______.A.providestatisticsrelatedtoeatinginthedarkB.offerreasonsforpeopletoeatinthedarkareasC.informthereadersoftheresultofanexperimentD.persuadethereaderstoloseweightinanewway
CellphonesIsthereacancerlink?Couldyourcellphonegiveyoucancer?WhetheritcouldornotsomepeopleareworryingaboutthepossibilitythatphonespowerlinesandWi-Ficouldberesponsibleforarangeofillnessesfromrashes疹子tobraintumors.Somesaythereisevidencetosupportthegrowinganxieties.DavidCarpenteraprofessorofenvironmentalhealthsciencesattheuniversityatAlbanyinNewYorkthinksthere’sagreaterthan95percentchancethatpowerlinescancausechildhoodleukemiaakindofblooddisease.Alsothere’sagreaterthan90percentchancethatcellphonescancausebraintumors.It’sclearnowthatthere’sarealrisksaidCarpenter.Butothersbelievetheseworriescausedbysomeexperts’warningsarenotjustified验证.DrMarthaLinetheadofradiationepidemiology流行病学attheUSNationalCancerInstitutehaslookedatthesameresearchasCarpenterbuthasreachedadifferentconclusion.Idon’tsupportwarninglabels标签forcellphonessaidLinet.Wedon’thavetheevidence证据thatthere’smuchdanger.StudiessofarsuggestaweakconnectionbetweenEMFs电磁场andillness—soweakthatitmightnotexistatall.Amultinationalinvestigationofcellphonesandbraincancerin13countriesoutsidetheUShasbeenunderwayforseveralyears.It’sfundedinpartbytheEuropeanUnioninpartbyacellphoneindustrygroup.Thefinalreportshouldcomeoutlaterthisyearbutdata数据sofardon’tsuggestastronglinkbetweencellphoneuseandcancerrisk.5.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthatsomepeopleareworriedbecause________.A.theyhaveevidencethattheuseofcellphonescanleadtocancerB.theyfeelsurprisedandalarmedaboutcellphoneuseC.someexpertshavegivenwarningsD.cellphonesareresponsibleforbraintumors6.BysayingIdon’tsupportwarninglabelsforcellphonesDrMarthaLinethastheideathat_______.A.theconnectionbetweencell-phonesandcancerhasnotbeenproved.B.cancer—warninglabelsshouldbeoncellphonesC.thereisalinkbetweencellphonesandcancerD.cellphoneshavenothingtodowithcanceratall.7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowardsthedebate?A.Optimistic.B.Objective客观的.C.Opposite.D.Hopeless
ThedarkchocolateisoneofthefavoritefoodchoicesbymanypeoplE.Thetasteissimplyinvitingthesmellisgoodandthefeelofeverybiteissurelywhatyouarethirstyfor.Apartfromthetasteyousimplycannotresistitbecauseithasalotofbenefitswhenitcomestoyourhealth.Ourhealthisourpriority首要事情whenitcomestothechoiceofourfoods.Ifyouworrythatthechocolateisbadforyourhealththenhereisalistoftheeffectsofdarkchocolateonhealthespeciallywhentakenwiththerightamounteveryday.Firstofallitcontainsacomponentcalledflavonoid类黄酮whichactsasanantioxidant抗氧化剂.Theantioxidantsfightthecommonsignsofaging.Theantioxidantsarealsogoodfortheheart.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhoatefoodsrichinantioxidantshavelowriskofheartdiseases.Besidestheantiagingandhealthyheartbenefitsthedarkchocolatecanalsolowerbloodpressureandreducebadcholesterol胆固醇toashighas10%.Loweringofbloodpressureinpatientsofhighbloodlevelisgoodbecauseitwilllowertherisksofstroke中风andcertainhealthcrisis.Lowlevelsofbloodcholesterolarealsogoodfortheheartandtakeawaytheriskofbloodvesselswhichmayhardenfortoomuchcholesterolinthem.Lastlydarkchocolateswillgiveyouthefeelingofpleasureandhappiness.Ifyouarefeelingthattheworldhasturnedagainstyouthenachocolatecanbeamoodlifter.UsuallywhenwefeelsobadwewoulddesiretoeatmorefooD.IfyouarelookingforsomethingtoeatduringyourbadmomentstrytotakeabitefromadarkchocolatE.Thesearecommonlytheeffectsofchocolatestohealth.Itcanbenefityouespeciallyiftakenwiththerightmounts.Approximately100gramsofchocolateorlessadayisalreadyenoughaccordingtostudies.Ifyouhavetakentoomuchtrytoreduceyourothermealsfortheday.Itisallaboutnutritionandtakingtherightamountoffoodinordertogetthehealthbenefitsthatitcanprovideforyou.44.WecanlearnfromParagraph1that________.A.manypeoplelikethedarkchocolateforitstasteB.thedarkchocolateisthebestchoiceformostpeopleC.eatingchocolateisbadforourhealthD.peopleshouldn’teatthedarkchocolateeveryday45.TheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggeststhatdarkchocolates________.A.arethebestchoicesfortheagedB.areusuallyusedasanantioxidantC.cankeepyoustayyoungforeverD.canmakeyoulookyoungerthanyourrealage46.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor’swritingthistext?A.Tointroducetheblackchocolatetopatientswithhighbloodlevel.B.Toencourageustoeatasmanychocolatesaswecan.C.Tointroducetheblackchocolateanditshealtheffects.D.ToincreasethesaleoftheblackchocolatE.
ThinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewinD.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources来源aswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills风车begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100swhenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.Formanycenturiespeopleusedwindmillstogrind磨碎wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepundergrounD.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800speoplelivinginremote偏远的areasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.Howeverbythe1940swhenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStateswindmillswererarelyuseD.Duringthe1970speoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Thenwindwasrediscoveredthoughitmeanshighercosts.TodaythereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwinD.32.Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills_______.A.wereinventedbyEuropeanarmiesB.haveahistoryofmorethan2800yearsC.usedtosupplypowertoradioinremoteareasD.haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered33.Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelate19thcentury?A.Sailingaboat.B.Producingelectricity.C.Grindingwheatintoflour.D.PumpingwaterfromundergrounD.34.Oneofthereasonswindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat_______.A.windpoweriscleanerB.itisoneoftheoldestpowersourcesC.itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwindD.thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds35.Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Theadvantagesofwindpower.B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.D.Theglobaltrend趋势towardsproducingpowerfromwinD.
Didyouseesnowinyourhometownlastwinter?Didyoufeelitwaswarmerthanbefore?Therehavebeen21warmwintersinChinasince1986saidscientists.Theyalsosaidthatinthepast100yearsastheglobal全球的temperatureswentupby0.74°CthetemperatureinNorthChinahasclimbed1.4°Cinonly50years.Chinaneedstotakequickactiontocutcarbondioxide二氧化碳emission排放becauseit'sthemainreasonforglobalwarming.ThegoodnewsisthatChinahasseentheimportanceofgoinggreen.Chinasetthegoalofcuttingenergyuseby20andpollutionemissionby10inthe11thFive-YearPlanCanyouslowglobalwarming?Sure!Youandyourfamilycantakestepstocuttheamountofcarbondioxidethatissentoutintotheair.Herearesomepiecesofadvicetohelpyousavetheearth.Wearusedclothes.Wearingyourbrother'ssister'sordad'soldT-shirtmeansyousavetheenergy.Changeyourlightbulbs灯泡.Useenergy-savinglightbulbs.Anddon'tforgettoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavearoomandturnoffyourtelevisionandcomputerwhentheyarenotinuse!Ridethebus.Takingabussavesalotofoileveryyear.Saynotoplasticbags.ThenexttimeyourparentsgotothemarketaskthemtousebasketsOpenawindow.Don'tusetheairconditioner空调andletsomefreshairin.WhenyouhavetousetheconditionersetthetemperaturehigherinthesummerandlowerinthewintertosaveenergyMakesmallchangesinyourdailylifE.Don'tusepapercupsbagsandboxes.It'stimeforallofustodosomethingtosavetheearth.1.Themainreasonforglobalwarmingis____.A.theoilB.carbondioxideC.papercupsbagsandboxesD.televisionsandcomputers2.Thewordenergyinthesecondparagraphmeans_______A.活力B.干劲C.精力D.能源3.Howmanypiecesofadvicearethereinthispassage?A.ThreE.B.FourC.FivE.D.Six4.Thepassageismainlyaboutthewaysto____.A.slowdownglobalwarmingB.makeenergyC.changeourdailylifeD.changetheworldweather
Womenmakebetterdriversthanmenformanyreasons.Whyisthatdoyousuppose?Wouldn’tyouthinkthatcompetingatwhohasbetterdrivingabilitiesispointless?IfyouaskmeI’dliketosaymenknowthatwomenarebetterdriversbutdonothavethecouragetoadmitthetruth—womenarequeensoftheroaD.Unlikemenwomenstopfordirectionswhentheyhavenoideaastowheretheyaregoing.Wedon’tdrivearoundforhourspointlesslywastingatankofgasonlytofindourselvesheadinginthewrongdirection.Haveyoueverinacarwithamanwhoislost?Hetellsyoutoshutupwhenyoubegintoopenyourmouth.Andeveryfiveminutesorsohetakesaturngoingforty-fivemilesperhouronlytofindouthe’smadeanotherwrongturn.SpeedingiswhatmendobestontheroaD.TrafficisnotaracE.Thereisareasonwhymengetmorespeedingticketsthanwomen.Notbecausewetricktogetoutofticketsbutonlybecausewedon’tgetpulledoverasfrequently.Wedon’tspeeD.Wehavemoreintelligencethansenselesslytoputourownlivesaswellasthelivesofothersindanger.MylargestissuewithmaledriversishowamajorityofthemdrivewithonehandonthewheelandtheotherhanddoingonlyGodknowswhat.Theseatisbackedasfaraspossibleandthey’retotallylostintoloudmusicbeyondanecessarylevel.Youdon’teverseewomendrivinglikethat.Ifeelthattheaboveevidencemorethanprovesmypointsthatwomenarenotonlybetterdriversbutalsosaferdriversthanmen.WewomenruletheroaD.Ohandmenifyouwanttocontinuecriticizingwomenforbeingbaddriversbringiton.Weknowyoulackconfidenceorelseyouwouldn’tbewastingyourvaluabletimemakingjokesabouttheonesyoumaychoosetospendtherestofyourdayswith.33.Ifawomandriverfeelslostshewill___________.A.tellthemannexttohertoshutupB.stopthecarandaskpeopleforhelpC.takethewrongturnsatahighspeedD.driveaimlesslyforhourswithoutstopping34.InParagraph3thewritertriestotellusthat___________.A.womenoftenplaytricksonthepoliceinchargeB.womenalwayshavemoreresponsibilityforlivesC.menaremoreconfidentandmoreskillfulindrivingD.menusuallyhavetobepulledovertotheroadsides35.Whichofthefollowingaboutmendriversworriesthewritermost?A.Notpayingfullattention.B.Makingjokesaboutwomen.C.Notstoppingfordirections.D.Gettingmorespeedingtickets.
Mostathletesknowthatgettingenoughrestafterexerciseisimportanttohigh-levelperformancebutmanystillovertrainandfeelguiltywhentheytakeadayoff.MycousinTedwasoneofthosE.Whenhewasreceivingsomephysicaltraininglastyearinthebeginninghewantedtoperformwellsomuchthathetriedreallyhardleavingnotimeforhisbodytorecoveratall.AsaresulthegotinjuredintheenD.Restdaysareimportanttosportsperformanceforavarietyofreasons.Firstrestisphysicallynecessarysothatthemusclescanrepairrebuildandstrengthenthemuscles.Ifyouleavenodaysforyourbodytorecoverduringthetrainingyou’llendupbeinginjuredlikemycousinTeD.What’sworsetoofewrestandrecoverydayscanleadtoovertrainingsyndrome综合征—adifficultconditiontorecoverfrom.Secondrestdaysnotonlyallowyourbodytorecoverbutalsocanhelpmaintainabetterbalancebetweenlifeandsportsperformancegoals.Ifyoukeeptrainingeverydayyou’llhavelesstimeforotherdailyactivities.OnrestdaysyoucansparetimeforactivitiesyoutrulylovE.Thirdrestdayscanmakeyoulessstressedmentally.Ifyoutraineverydayyoumaybeunderalotofmentalstress.Onrestdaysyoucangetrelaxedmentally.BesidesrestdaysgoodsleepatnightisalsoveryimportantforsportsperformancE.Ingeneraloneortwonightsofpoororlittlesleepwon’thavemuchimpactonperformancebutalwaysgettinginadequatesleepcanresultinchangesinhormone荷尔蒙levelsespeciallythoserelatedtostressmusclerecoveryandmooD.Thereforehigh-levelathletesneedtorealizethatthegreaterthetrainingintensityandeffortarethegreatertheneedforplannedrecoveryis.SoincluderestdaysinyourtrainingschedulE.Alsosleepwellinordertohelpyourbodyrecoverwell.20.WhatwasTed’sproblem?A.HetrainedtooharD.B.Hecouldn’tperformwell.C.Hegotinjuredfrequently.D.Hewasgivennorestdays.21.Thefirstreasonwhyrestdaysareimportantisthatthey_____.A.helpourmusclesrelaxB.helpourbodiesrecoverC.makeourinjureshealD.keepusinhealthycondition22.AccordingtoParagraph3restdaysmean_____.A.bettertrainingB.lessmentalstressC.amorebalancedlifeD.noovertrainingsyndrome23.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordinadequateinParagraph5probablymean?A.Notinstant.B.Notenough.C.Casual.D.Tiring.
MostpeoplewhentheytraveltospacewouldliketostayinorbitforafewdaysormorE.Andthisstandstoreasonifyou’repaying$20000foryourtriptoorbit轨道!Soinorderfortourismtoreachitsfullpotentialthere’sgoingtobeaneedfororbitalaccommodation---orspacehotels.Whatwouldaspacehotelactuallybeliketovisit?Hotelsinorbitwilloffertheservicesyouexpectfromahotel---privateroomsmealsbars.Butthey’llalsooffertwouniqueexperiences:impressiveviews---ofEarthandspace---andtheendlessentertainmentoflivinginzerogravity---includingsportsandotheractivitiesthatmakeuseofthis.Thehotelsthemselveswillvarygreatly---frombeingquitesimpleintheearlydaystohugeluxurystructureatalaterdatE.It’sactuallysurprisingthataslateras1997veryfewdesignsforspacehotelswerepublisheD.Thisismainlybecausethosewhomightbeexpectedtodesignthemhaven’texpectedlaunch发射coststocomedownfarenoughtomakethempossiblE.Lotsofpeoplewho’vebeentospacehavedescribedvividlywhatit’sliketoliveinzerogravity.Thereareobviouslyallsortsofpossibilitiesfordancinggymnasticsandzero-Gsports.Luckilyyoudon’tneedtosleepmuchlivinginzerogravitysoyou’llhaveplentyoftimeforrelaxingbyhangingoutinabarwithawindowlookingdownattheturningEarthbelow.Ofcourseallgoodthingshavecometoanendunfortunately.Andsoafterafewdaysyou’llfindyourselfheadingbackthoughyou’llbemuchmoreexpertatexercisinginzerogravitythanyouwerewhenyouarrivE.You’llbethinkinghowsoonyoucansaveupenoughtogetbackupagain---ormaybeyoushouldchangejobstogettoworkinanorbitinghotel.4.Whentravelinginspacemostpeoplewouldliketostayinorbitforafewdaysbecause_______.A.ItisexpensivetotravelinspaceB.theywouldfindthepossiblelifeinotherstarsystemsC.theycouldenjoytheluxuryofspacehotelsD.theywanttorealizethefullpotentialoftourism5.Whichofthefollowingisauniqueexperiencethatspacehotelswilloffer?A.ThegravitationalpullB.Thespecialviews.C.Therelaxationinabar.D.Thespacewalk.6.Thispassageismainlyabout________.A.travelinginspaceB.thewaysoflivinginspacehotelsC.zerogravityandspacehotelsD.thedescriptionofspacehotels
OurWebEditorJanFieldshasalwayslovedtwothings----writingandteachingsoshe’sdoneboththroughoutherprofessionalcareer.AftergraduatingfromcollegewithaBAinJournalismshequicklyfoundthatwritingfornewspapersdidn’tfulfillherdream.Sosheswitchedtomagazinesandsoonbeganteachingmagazinewriting.Stillsomethingdidn’tfeelquiteright.Shewantedmorechallengesandcreativity.Inthe1980sJanansweredacalltorewriteayear’schildren’schurchlesson.Shequicklyfoundthatwritingstoriesandactivitiesforchildrenofferedallshedesired.Shedoveinandhasneverlookedback.HerworkhasappearedinLadybugShiningStarandmanyothers.AsJancontinuedbuildingcreditsinchildren’smagazineseducationalmagazinesandparentingmagazinesshelookedforopportunitiestopassalongwhatshehadlearnedtootherwriters.Soonteachingsmallcommunitycollegeclasseswasn’tenough---shewantedtohelpotherwriterstofindsuccessincreatingmaterialforchildren.In2001shediscoveredtheInstituteofChildren’sLiteratureandshe’sbeenhappilyinstructingstudentshereeversince.Tobestmeetherstudents’needsshe’sconstantlysearchingoutnewinformation.AsawebeditorJanlooksaftertheneedsofallthevisitorstothissite.ShemoderatestheScheduledEventsdiscussiongroupsandtheWriter’sRetreatforum论坛writesfortheWriter’sSupportRoomandeditstheWriter’sSupportRoomandWritingTipsarticles.Janisalwaysopentosuggestionsfornewwaystomeettheneedsofthewritingcommunity.Feelfreetoemailher.She’seagertohearfromyou.29.JanFieldsfinds_________whatshereallywantsmost.A.writingfornewspapers.B.teachingmagazinewriting.C.writingstoriesandactivitiesforchildren.D.teachingsmallcommunitycollegeclasses.30.JanFieldsgaveupherfirsttwojobsmainlybecause___________.A.shewasbadlypaidasajournalistB.thejobdidn’tseemchallengingorcreativeC.shewasnotgoodatwritingatcollegeD.shelikesteachingbetterthanwriting.31.ItcanbeinferredthattheInstituteofChildren’sLiteratureis________.A.whereJanFieldsgraduatedB.whereshecooperateswithotherwriters.C.wherewritingmaterialsareonsaleD.childrenaretaughtwritingbyJanFields.32.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.JanFieldsisnowworkingformagazineslikeScheduledEventsandWriter’sRetreat.B.Janhasstoppedwritingformagazinesrelatedtochildreneducationandparenting.C.JanworksforwebsectionslikeWriter’sSupportRoomandWritingTips.D.Thepassageisanadvertisementtosellachildren’schurchcurricula.
ChinablastsintospaceCHINAlaunched发射itssecondmannedspaceshiplastweeksendingtwoastronautsintospacE.ThecreationofShenzhouVIwillenabletheChinesetoexplorespaceinthefuturE.ItwillhelpChinabuildaspacestationortraveltothemoon.ItslaunchopensanewchapterinChina'sambitious有雄心的movestobecomeaglobalspacepower.ShenzhouVIliftedoff发射起飞onaLongMarch2FrocketfromJiuquanGansuProvincelastWednesday.Ithasundertakenafive-dayjourneycarryingtwoastronautsFeiJunlong40andNieHaisheng41.AcameraonboardshowedNiewavingatthelaunchcentrE.FeiandNiemadelongdistancecallstotheirfamiliesfromspacE.Nie'sdaughterevensangHappyBirthdaytoherDadduringthephonecall.Theastronautswerechosenfrom14formerfighterpilotswhoweretrainedforthemission.ShenzhouVIcircledaroundtheearth80timesattheheightofupto347kilometresabovetheearth.ItwasexpectedtolandintheInnerMongolian内蒙古grasslandsonOctober15.Thespacecrafthasthreemodules飞船舱:theorbitalmodule轨道舱wherescientificexperimentsarecarriedout;there-entrycapsule返回舱wheretheastronautsspentmostoftheirtimeandtheservicemodule服务舱whichcontainsfuelairsolarpanels太阳能电池板andothertechnicalequipment.UnlikeYangLiwei'sspacetriptwoyearsagoFeiandNiewentbackandforthbetweenthemodulesforscientificexperiments.Forthefirsttimetheytookofftheirspacesuitsandmovedaroundinthemodulesfreely.ObviouslythemostcommonthingtodoonearthcanbeabigthreatifnothandledproperlyWe'reveryhappyaboutallthissaidMaLiateenagerinJiuquan.It'samazingthatwenowhavetheknow-howinthismostadvancedfielD.1.ThecreationofShenzhouVIhasgreatsignificancE.Itwill__.A.enableonlytheastronautstoexplorespaceinthefutureB.helpChinabuildaspacestationC.makeitpossiblefortheChinesetotraveltothegalaxyD.makeChinabecomeaspacepower2.Fromthepassagewhatdowelearnaboutthetwoastronauts?A.TheywouldreturnonOctober15.B.Theycouldn'tgetintouchwiththeirfamilies.C.Theywerechosenfrom14formerfighterpilots.D.TheywereexpectedtolandinBeijing.3.Inwhichsectionarethescientificexperimentsconductedinthespacecraft?A.TheorbitalmoduleB.There-entrycapsuleC.TheservicemoduleD.Thepassagedoesn'tmentionit.4.WhatmakestheirtripdifferentfromYangLiwei's?A.ThemostcommonthingtodoonearthcarbeathreattoFeiandNiE.B.FeiandNiecouldgobackandforthbetweenthemodules.C.Yangdidn'tneedtodosomeexperiments.D.FeiandNiecouldmovefreelyaroundthespaceship.
Itisdifficultfordoctorstohelpapersonwithadamagedbrain.Withoutenoughbloodthebrainlivesforonlythreetofiveminutes.Moreoftenthedoctorscan’tfixthedamagE.Sometimestheyareafraidtotrysomethingtohelpbecauseitisdangeroustoworkonthebrain.Thedoctorsmightmakethepersonworseifheoperatesonthebrain.Dr.RobertWhiteafamousprofessoranddoctorthinksheknowsawaytohelp.HethinksdoctorsshouldmakethebrainverycolD.Ifitisverycoldthebraincanlivewithoutbloodfor30minutes.Thisgivesthedoctoralongertimetodosomethingforthebrain.Dr.Whitetriedhisideaon13monkeys.Firsthetaughtthemtododifferentjobsthenheoperatedonthem.Hemadethemonkeys’bloodgothroughamachinE.ThemachinecooledtheblooD.Thenthemachinesentthebloodbacktothemonkeys’brains.Whenthebrain’stemperaturewas10℃Dr.Whitestoppedthebloodtothebrain.After30minutesheturnedthebloodbackon.Hewarmedthebloodagain.AftertheiroperationsthemonkeyswerelikewhattheyhadbeenbeforE.Theywerehealthyandbusy.Eachonecouldstilldothejobsthedoctorhadtaughtthem.4.Thebiggestdifficultyinoperatingonthedamagedbrainisthat.A.thetimeistooshortfordoctorsB.thepatientsareoftentoonervousC.thedamageisextremelyhardtofixD.theblood-coolingmachinemightbreakdown5.WithDr.White’snewideatheoperationonthedamagedbrain.A.canlastaslongas30minutesB.cankeepthebrain’sbloodwarmC.cankeepthepatient’sbrainhealthyD.canhelpmonkeysdodifferentjobs6.Whatistherightorderofthestepsintheoperation?A.sendthecooledbloodbacktothebrainB.stopthebloodtothebrainC.havethebloodcooleddownD.operateonthebrainA.abcdB.cabdC.cbdaD.bcda7.Whatmainlymakesthebrainoperationpossible?A.Takingthebloodoutofthebrain.B.Tryingtheoperationonmonkeysfirst.C.HavingthebloodgothroughamachinE.D.Loweringthebrain’stemperaturE.
Etymologythestudyofwordsandwordrootsmaysoundlikethekindofthingdonebyboringlibrariansinsmalldustyrooms.YetetymologistsactuallyhaveauniquelyinterestingjoB.Theyareinmanywaysjustlikearchaeologists考古学家diggingupthephysicalhistoryofpeopleandevents.ThespecialaspectofetymologyisthatitdigsuphistorysotospeakthroughthewordsandphrasesthatareleftbehinD.TheEnglishlanguageinparticularisagreatfieldtoexplorehistorythroughwords.AsalanguageEnglishhasanextraordinarynumberofwords.Thisispartlyduetoitsabilitytoadaptforeignwordssoreadily.ForexampleEnglishwordssuchaskindergartenfromGermancroissantfromFrenchandcheetahfromHindihavebecomepartofthelanguagewithlittleornochangefromtheiroriginalsoundsandspellings.SoEnglish-languageetymologistshaveavastworldofwordstoexplorE.Anotherenjoyablethingaboutetymologyformostwordexpertsissolvingwordmysteries谜.NoetymologistsdonotgoaroundsolvingmurderslikethegreatdetectiveSherlockHolmes.Whatthesewordexpertssolvearemysteriousoriginsofsomeofourmostcommonwords.OneofthebiggestquestionsEnglishlanguageexpertshavepursuedishowEnglishcametohavethephraseOK.Thoughitisoneofthemostcommonlyusedexpressionsitsexactbeginningisapuzzleeventothisday.Evenitsspellingisnotentirelyconsistent--unlessyouspellitOkayitishardeventocallitaworD.EtymologistshavebeenabletonarrowOK’sorigindowntoalikelyalthoughnotcertainsource来源.ItbecamewidelyusedaroundthetimeofMartinVanBuren’srunforpresidentin1840.HisnicknamewasOldKinderhook.WhattroubleswordexpertsaboutthisexplanationisthatthephraseappearedinsomenewspapersbeforeVanBurenbecamewellknown.ItislikelythatVanBurencouldbecalleditsprimarysourcE.EtymologistswilldoubtlesslykeepsearchingfortheoriginalsourcE.HoweveritisclearthatOK’spopularityandreputationhavetoppedthoseoftheAmericanpresidenttowhomithasbeenmostclearlylinkeD.41.TheauthormentionsthewordslikecroissantinParagraph2toshow_______.A.wordshavechangedalotinthetwolanguagesB.whatEnglish-languageetymologistsareexploringnowC.EnglishhasabsorbedmanywordsfromotherforeignlanguagesD.theEnglishvocabularyisdifficulttothenon-English-speakingpeople42.TheunderlinedwordpursuedinParagraph4means_______.A.lookeduponB.dugupC.putinD.setdown43.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatetymologists_______.A.discoverthepossibleoriginofwordsB.helpdetectivestosolvemysteriousmurdersC.writeinterestingstoriesforsomenewspapersD.exploretheEnglishlanguageaswellastherecentevents44.Whatmostprobablyisthemajorpurposeofthepassage?A.TopresentthehistoryofEnglishwords.B.ToexplainwhatanetymologistdoesforhisjoB.C.Tointroducethepleasureofthestudyofwordsandwordroots.D.ToteachreadershowtotellEnglishwordsfromnon-Englishwords.
RecentlyIwasaskedAreweanywherenearthedaywhenyoucanclimbintoacaronLongIslandprogramittotakeyoutoyourniece’shouseinChicagohitenterandafterthefirsthundredyardsonceyouhitamainroadthecartakesoverautomaticallyandyoujustsitbackandenjoytheride?ItisaquestionIworry.ButIhadtoanswertruthfully:Absolutely.Wearewithoutadoubtnearthatday.Lookwe’realreadydoingitwithairplanes.NorthropGrumman’sGlobalHawktakesoffatanairbaseintheU.S.climbsto50000feetfliestoAustraliaandlandsatanAustralianairbasewherethereisagrandstandfilledwithmilitaryofficials—withnohumanpilot.ThenecessarytechnologyisalreadyherE.Wehaveradartechnologythatcanbetiedtocruise巡航controlandbrakeswhichautomaticallyadjusts调整yourspeedbasedonfollowingdistanceandpreprogrammedsettings.It’sstillalittlebitrawbutitdoesworkgreat.Thetechnologycanallowcarsandtruckstofolloweachotherinverycloselyspacedroads.GPScanalsochangespeedwithlocation.Let’ssayyou’reinastatewitha75-mphlimitandyoucrossintoastatewitha65-mphlimit.GPSknowsthatandadjustyourspeedaccordingly.It’snotoutofthequestiontoimaginethatsomedaysoonyou’llbeabletostartthecarmakepropersettingsthenturnthefrontseatsaroundandplaycardsandeatlunchasifyou’reridingonatrain.Allinperfectcomfortandsafetyallthewaytothatniece’splaceinChicago.IfaskedtoestimatejusthowfartimeisI’dsayaworkingsystemistenyearsoutpracticemaybe20years.20.Thepurposeofthequestionaskedinthefirstpassageprobablyis.A.todescribethecarsinthefutureB.todrawreaders’attentiontohistheoryC.tointroducethetopictobediscussedinthepassageD.toprovethathisideaisright21.What’sthekeytechnologytoautomaticcardriving?A.Thetechnologyofairplanes.B.ThetechnologytobedevelopedinthefuturE.C.ThetechnologyofradarandGPS.D.Thetechnologyofsatellites.22.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthechangeincardriving?A.It’saterriblethingtocomeB.It’sawondertodrivesuchacarC.It’sapitytogiveuptheskillofdrivingD.Itisverylikelytocometrueinthenearfuture23.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Newtechnologywillchangecars?B.CarsinthefuturE.C.Drivingisdead?D.Comfortablecardriving.
Australianscientistssayanorganiccompound复合物usedbyIndianwomentopaintdotsorbindontheirforeheadsholdingthekeytoabreakthroughincancertreatment---RoseBengalwasfirstusedintheearly1900sasadyeforfoodtextilesandcosmetics.Butnowitisprovingtobeausefulweaponinthefightagainstskincancer.Televisionadvertisementsconstantlywarnofthedangersofoverexposuretothefiercesun.Amongthemisthepossibilityofthediseasemelanomaatypeofskincancer.Morethan1200AustraliansdieeveryyearfromthediseasE.InitialtrialsofasolutionofRoseBengalinjectedintosomemelanomacellshavehada75percentsuccessrateincontrollingthediseasE.ProfessorJohnThompsonthedirectoroftheMelanomaUnitattheUniversityofSydneysaysthisorganicdyecouldbecomeapowerfulcancer-fightingtreatment.Webelieveitworksbygettingintothetumor肿块cellsandcausingthemtoself-destruct.Buttheexactmechanismbywhichitworksisnottotallyclear.It’snotusefulforpeoplewhohaveaprimarymelanomA.Thetreatmentofprimarymelanomaissurgicalexcision切除hesaiD.It'susefultoinjecttumorsforpeoplewhohaverecurrences:whentheprimarytreatmenthasfailedandwhenrecurrenceintheareaoratmoredistantsiteshasoccurreD.About90percentofAustralianswhodevelopmelanomasurvivethankstoearlydiagnosisandtreatment.Ifleftuntreatedhoweverthediseasecanbefatal.ConvincingyoungerpeopleinAustraliaaboutthedangersofoverexposuretothesunisabattlE.VeronicaManocka21-year-oldstudenthadtwomajoroperationstoremoveacanceroustumorfromherleg.I'vehadalotoffriendswhojustsaid‘IthoughtitwasjustyouknowthatI'llgetamole痣cutoutandthat'sit’whereasIdon'tthinkpeoplerealizehowmuchdangerthey'reputtingthemselvesintoandhoweasyitistostopsomethinglikethishappeningtoyoujustfromdoinglittlethingssaidManock.OtherresearchersinAustraliaareinvestigatinggenetictreatmentstoskincancer.Thereisapressingneedforsuchresearchtoproduceeffectivetreatments.Australiansthemajorityofwhomarefair-skinned浅肤色的arefourtimesmorelikelytodevelopamelanomathanpeopleinCanadatheUnitedStatesorGreatBritain.1.TheinformationaboutRoseBengaliswrongEXCEPTthat________.A.itisnolongerusedasadyeB.itcanbeeffectiveintreatingskincancerC.itisaspecialkindofroseplantedinAustraliaD.itisusedtocureskincancer2.ThemainreasonforAustralia'shighrateinskincanceris_______.A.overexposuretothesunB.theoveruseofcosmeticsC.thecoloroftheirskinD.thelackofprevention3.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat______.A.skincancerisincurableB.aboutninetypercentofAustraliansarelikelytodevelopmelanomaC.someyoungpeopleseemtoknowlittleaboutthedangerofoverexposuretothesunD.allmolesshouldbecutouttopreventskincancer4.AccordingtoProfessorJohnThompsonthebestwaytodealwithprimarycanceris_______.A.injectingRoseBengalintotumorsB.takingsomemedicineC.gettinggenetictreatmentD.havingsurgicalexcision5.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Thedangersofoverexposuretothefiercesun.B.RoseBengalaweaponagainstskincancer.C.ThetreatmentsofthemelanomA.D.TheusesofRoseBengal.
ThinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewinD.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources来源aswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills风车begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100swhenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.Formanycenturiespeopleusedwindmillstogrind磨碎wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepundergrounD.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800speoplelivinginremote偏远的areasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.Howeverbythe1940swhenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStateswindmillswererarelyuseD.Duringthe1970speoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Thenwindwasrediscoveredthoughitmeanshighercosts.TodaythereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwinD.12.Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills_______.A.wereinventedbyEuropeanarmiesB.haveahistoryofmorethan2800yearsC.usedtosupplypowertoradioinremoteareasD.haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered13.Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelate19thcentury?A.Sailingaboat.B.Producingelectricity.C.Grindingwheatintoflour.D.PumpingwaterfromundergrounD.14.Oneofthereasonswindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat_______.A.windpoweriscleanerB.itisoneoftheoldestpowersourcesC.itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwindD.thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds15.Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Theadvantagesofwindpower.B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.D.Theglobaltrend趋势towardsproducingpowerfromwinD.
CatslikemanyotheranimalscommunicateavarietyofmessagesusingbodylanguagE.Examplesincludearching使拱起theirbacksasasignaloffearandthenslowlyloweringthemasasignalofrelaxation.Asisthecasewithdogsthetailisoftenusedasasignal.A.twitch颤动canindicateminorangerandatailheldhighsuggestsconfidencE.A.catwhichchoosestoliewithitsstomachandchestexposedconveyshappinesstrustandcomfort.A.catwithitstailheldhighandtwitchingshowsexcitementbutthisisoftenmistakenforanger.FlattenedearsmeanthatthecatfeelsthreateneD.MouthopenandnoteethexposedsuggestafeelingofplayfulnessorpleasurE.Manypeoplefailtounderstandthesilentlanguageofcats.Inparticulardogpeoplewhoareusedtothesignsofdoglanguageseemslowtounderstandwhatacatistellingtheminitsbodylanguagewhichcreatesafalseimpressionamongdogpeoplethatcatsarecold-heartedunemotionalordumB.Tounderstandcatsonemustobservethemcloselyandlearnwhattheirbodysignalstellyou.Theflattenedearsteethshowingbaringbellyforsubmission服从areeasilyreadbyhumans.SomecharacteristicsignalshoweverareoftenmisunderstooD.ForinstanceacatrubbingitsbodyalonganarmoralegofitsownerisnotonlyawaytoattractattentionandperhapsaskforabitoffooD.Itisalsoawayofmarkingitsownerasitsveryown.5.A.catwithitstailheldhighandtwitchingisusuallymistakenfor_________.A.angerB.confidenceC.excitementD.comfort6.Dogpeoplethinkthatcatsarecold-heartedunemotionalordumbbecausethey_______.A.aremoreusedtothelanguagethatdogsspeakB.can’tunderstandthelanguagethatcatsuseC.areslowtounderstandacat’sbodylanguageD.prefertoraisedogsratherthanhavecats7.WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonwhyacatrubsitsbodyalongthearmorlegofitsowner?A.Toattractattentionfromitsowner.B.Toshowthecareaboutitsowner.C.ToaskitsownerforalittleoffooD.D.Tomarkitsownerasitsown.8.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.StudyCatLanguageB.AnimalBodyLanguageC.CompareCatswithDogsD.A.Cat’sBodyLanguage
Archaeologists考古学家studyingStonehengeanditssurroundingareasaythey'veduguptherelicsofanuntouchedancientcampsitethatdatesbackto6000years--afindthatcouldrewriteBritishprehistory.ThisisthemostimportantdiscoveryatStonehengeinover60yearsProfessorTimDarvillaBournemouthUniversityarchaeologistandaStonehengeexpertwhodidnottakepartinthenewdiscoverytoldtheTelegraph.AndashetoldTheHuffingtonPostinanemailthediscoverychangesearliertheoriesthatStonehengewasbuiltinalandscapethatwasnotheavilyusedbeforeabout3000B.C.ThediscoverywasmadeduringadigatBlickMeadasiteabout1.5milesfromStonehengE.Researchersfoundcharcoal木炭datingbackto4000B.C.andevidenceofpossiblebuildingsaccordingtoastatementreleasedbytheuniversity.Theyalsodugupburntstoneandtoolsaswellastheremainsofanimals--ancientcattlethatservedasfoodforancienthunter-gatherers.Theresearchersplanfurtheranalysisontheartificialobjectsbutsaythey'reworriedthetunnelconstruction隧道建设coulddamagethesiteandgetinthewayoftheirwork.BlickMeadcouldexplainwhatarchaeologistshavebeensearchingforcenturies--ananswertothestoryofStonehenge’spastDavidJacquestheUniversityofBuckinghamarchaeologistwhodiscoveredthecampsitetoldTheGuardian.ButouronlychancetofindoutabouttheearliestpartofBritain’shistorycouldberuinedifthetunnelgoesaheaD.StonehengeaprehistoricmonumentmadeupofaringofstandingstoneslieseightmilesnorthofSalisburyEnglandinWiltshirE.IthasbeenlistedasaWorldHeritageSitesince1986.13.Themainpurposeofthepassageis_________A.tointroducearecentdiscoveryofancientrelicsB.tocallonpeopletoprotecttheancientrelicsC.towarntheresearchersnottodofurtheranalysisD.toattractmoretouriststovisitStonehenge14.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat_______.A.theresearchersexpresstheirconcernthattherelicsmightberuinedB.theancientcampsitehasbeendestroyedbytheconstructionworkersC.archaeologistsarerepairingartificialobjectsfoundedintherelicsiteD.thetunnelconstructionrewritestheearliestpartofBritain’shistory15.InwhichsectionofanewspapercanwereadthispassageA.Travel.B.Business.C.LifestylE.D.CulturE.
A.foodadditiveisanysubstancethatisaddedtofooD.Manypeopleareputoffbytheideaofchemicalsinfood.Thetruthisthatallfoodismadeupofchemicals.Naturalsubstanceslikemilkaswellasman-madeoneslikedrinksonsaleinthemarketcanbedescribedbychemicalformulas.Somechemicalsubstancesareindeedharmfulbutapersonwhorefusedtoconsumeanychemicalswouldfindnothingtoeat.Thethingsweeatcanbedividedintonaturalandman-madesubstances.Somepeoplefeelthatonlynaturalfoodsarehealthyandthatallman-madeingredientsaretobeavoideD.Butmanynaturalchemicalsfoundinplantsandanimalsareharmfulwheneatenandsomelaboratory-madesubstancesincreasethenutritionalvalueoffooD.Otherchemicalshavenaturalandman-madeformsthatareexactlyalike:VitaminC.isVitaminCwhetheritcomesfromatesttubeorfromanorangE.Likechemicalman-madedoesn’tnecessarilymeannotfittoeat.Foodadditivesareusedformanyreasons.Weaddsugarandsaltandotherthingstofoodsweprepareathometomakethemtastebetter.Foodproducershavedevelopedarangeofadditivesthatstabilizethickenhardenkeepdrykeepwetkeepfirmorimprovetheappearanceoftheirproducts.Additivescanmakefoodmoreconvenientornutritiousgiveitalongershelflifeandmakeitmoreattractivetotheconsumerthusincreasingthesalesandprofitsoftheproducers.Foodadditivesarepresentlythecentreofastormofseriousargument.Foodproducershavebeenknowntouseadditivesthathavenotbeenprovedsafe;somesubstancesincommonusehavebeenprovedunsafeandhavebeentakenoffthemarket.Manypeoplefeelthere’sariskofeatingfoodtowhichanythinghasbeenaddeD.ButfoodadditivesarenowregulatedbytheFDAofthefederalgovernmentandnewadditivesaresubjectedtostricttestingbeforetheycanbeplacedonthemarket.Formostpeoplethechancesofdevelopingserioussideeffectsfromthelong-termuseofpresentlyapprovedfoodadditivesareveryslim.32.Fromthepassagewecanlearnthat_____________.A.allfoodsconsistofchemicalsubstancesB.itisrighttorejectchemicalsinfoodC.foodadditivesareharmfultoourhealthD.naturalfoodsaremuchsaferthanman-madeones33.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.FoodswithmoreadditiveshavehighernutritionalvaluE.B.ToensurefoodsafetytheFDAwillbanfoodadditives.C.FoodsfreeofadditivescankeepamuchlongershelflifE.D.Foodadditivescanimprovethequalityoffoodsinmanyways.34.WecaninferfromtheregulationtothefoodadditivesbytheFDAthat_________.A.newadditiveswillbeapprovedmoreeasilythanbeforeB.foodproducerswon’tbeallowedtousenewfoodadditivesC.foodwithcommon-usedadditiveswillbetakenoffthemarketD.foodadditiveswillbeusedinasaferandmorescientificway35.Accordingtothewriterthefoodadditiveis___________.A.unpredictableB.acceptableC.poisonousD.avoidable
Haveyoueverdonesomethingthatwasreallydangerousjustbecauseyouthoughtitwassafe?Maybeyoudidadangeroustrick杂耍动作onyourbicycleorskateboardbecauseyouwerewearingahelmet头盔andthoughtyoucouldn'tgethurt.Thepsychology心理ofthissortofbehavioriscalledthePeltzmanEffectnamedafterSamPeltzmanprofessorofeconomicsattheUniversityofChicago.Peltzmanbelievesthatthosemomentswhenpeoplethinktheyarethesafestarethetimeswhentheyactmostdangerously.Peltzmansaidthatpeopledrovemoredangerouslywhentheyworeseatbelts安全带.Drivingalargefour-wheeldrivevehiclehasasimilareffectondrivers'behavior.BecausedriversoflargevehiclessituphigherandcanseebettertheyfeeltheycanmakebetterjudgmentswhentheydrivE.Theyarebetterprotectedinaccidentssotheyactmoredangerously.Thismakesdrivingmorehazardoustootherdrivers.ThePeltzmanEffectisn'tjustlimited限于todriving.In1972theAmericanFoodandDrugAdministrationFDApassedalawrequiringchildsafetycapsonmostmedicinebottles.Thesafetycapsweredesignedtopreventchildrenfromaccidentallytakingthemedicineespeciallypainkillerssuchasaspirin.Requiringsafetycapssoundedlikeagreatideabuttherewasanunexpectedsideeffect.Becausethesafetycapsaresohardtotakeoffsomepeopleleavethemoffaltogether.Worsesomeparentsleavethebottleswherekidscanreachthembecausetheyfeelthatitissafebecauseofthecap.A.studyonthePeltzmanEffectshowedthatmorethan3500childrenhavebeenharmedbyaspirinbecauseofthesafetycaps.ThePeltzmanEffectdescribeshowwe'relikelytotakemorerisksandactmoredangerouslywhenwefeelsafest.What'smoretheeffectsofthesebehaviorscanbequitedifferentfromwhatweexpect.1.WhatisthePeltzmanEffect?A.Peoplefeelsafestwhentheyareunderprotection.B.PeoplebehavelesssafelywhentheyfeelsafE.C.Peoplewhoactdangerouslyarelikelytobetogether.D.SomethingthatseemsdangerousturnsouttobesafE.2.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordhazardousinParagraph2mean?A.ExpensivE.B.Interesting.C.Important.D.Dangerous.3.Whydosomepeopleleavethesafetycapsofmedicinebottlesopen?A.Thecapscan'tbeopenedeasily.B.Thecapsdon'tworkatall.C.Thebottleswithoutcapsarelessattractivetokids.D.Thebottlesareoutofthereachofchildren.4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TypesofDecisionMakingB.UnsafeSafetyMeasuresC.DifferentBehaviorsofPeopleinDangerD.People'sFearofTakingRisks
Ourloveofmusicandappreciationofmusicalharmony和声islearntandnotbasedonnaturalabilityanewstudybyUniversityofMelbourneresearchershasfounD.Theresearcherssaidprevioustheoriesabouthowweappreciatemusicwerebasedonthephysicalfunctionsofsoundtheearitselfandabornabilitytohearharmony.Thestudyshowsthatmusicalharmonycanbelearntanditisamatteroftrainingthebraintohearthesounds.SoifyouthoughtthatthemusicofsomeforeigncultureorJazzsoundedlikethecryingofcatsit’ssimplybecauseyouhaven’tlearnttolistenbytheirrules.Theresearchersused66volunteerswitharangeof一系列的musicaltrainingandtestedtheirabilitytohearcombinations组合ofnotes音符todetermineiftheyfoundthecombinationsfamiliarorpleasing.Theyfoundthatpeopleneededtobefamiliarwithcombinationsofnotes.Iftheycouldn’trecognizethenotestheyfoundthenotesdissonant.Thisfindingputanendtocenturiesoftheoriesclaiming声称thatphysicalfunctionsoftheeardeterminewhatwefindattractivE.Thestudyfoundthattrainedmusiciansweremuchmoresensitive敏感的tounpleasantnotesthannon-musicians.Whentheycouldn’tfindthenotethemusiciansreportedthatthesoundswereunpleasantwhilenon-musiciansweremuchlesssensitivE.Thisshowstheimportanceoftrainingornurturing培养thebraintolikeparticularsoundofcombinationsofnoteslikethosefoundinjazzorrock.Dependingontheirtrainingastrangechord和弦soundwaspleasanttosomemusiciansbutveryunpleasanttoothers.Thisshowedusthateventheabilitytohearamusicalnoteislearnt.Toconfirm证实thisfindingtheytrained19non-musicianstofindthenotesofarandom随机的selectionofwesternchords.Notonlydidtheparticipants’abilitytohearnotesimproverapidly;thechordstheyhadlearntsoundedmorepleasant—regardlessof不论howthechordswereplayeD.ThequestionofwhysomecombinationsofmusicalnotesareheardaspleasantorunpleasanthaslongbeendebateD.Wehaveshowninthisstudythatformusicbeautyisinthebrainofthebeholder观看者aresearchersaiD.27.Accordingtothepassagewhydopeoplesometimesfindforeignmusicquiteunpleasant?A.Becausetheydon’tlikethepersonplayingthemusiC.B.Becausetheyhavenotalentformusicatall.C.Becausetheyhavenoideaabouthowtolisten.D.Becausetheyhearmusictoooften.28.TheunderlinedworddissonantinParagraph3probablymeans___________.A.informalB.unpleasantC.inspiringD.unfamiliar29.Althoughnon-musicianswerelesssensitivetomusictheycanstill_______.A.findthebeautyofchordswithouttrainingB.enjoythebeautyofmusicwhenplayedbymusiciansC.betrainedtolikeparticularmusicD.makefriendswithrealmusicians30.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ImproveYourBrainByListeningtoMusicB.YouCanBeaMusicianWithoutBeingTrainedC.MusicCan’tbeTaughtD.LoveofMusicIsNotNaturalButNurture
Holidaymakerswhoareboredwithbakingbeachesandoverheatedhotelroomsheadforabigigloo.SwedishbusinessmanNileBergqvistisdelightedwithhisnewhoteltheworld’sfirstigloohotel.BuiltinasmalltowninLaplandithasbeenattractinglotsofvisitorsbutsoonthefunwillbeover.Intwoweeks’timeBergqvist’sicecreationwillbenothingmorethanapoolofwater.Wedon'tseeitasabigproblemhesays.Wejustlookforwardtoreplacingit.Bergqvistbuilthisfirstiglooin1991foranartexhibition.Itwassosuccessfulthathedesignedthepresentonewhichmeasuresroughly200squaremeters.Sixworkmenspentmorethaneightweekspiling1000tonsofsnowontoawoodenbase;whenthesnowfrozethebasewasremoveD.Theonlywoodenthingwehaveleftintheiglooisthefrontdoorhesays.Aftertheirstayallvisitorsreceiveasurvivalcertificaterecordingtheirsuccess.Withnowindowsnowheretohangclothesandtemperaturesbelow0℃itmayseemmorelikeasurvivaltestthanarelaxinghotelbreak.It'sgreatfunBergqvistexplainsaswellasagoodstartinsurvivaltraining.Thepopularityoftheiglooisbeyonddoubt:itisnowattractingtouristsfromallovertheworlD.Atleast800peoplehavestayedattheigloothisseasoneventhoughthereareonly10rooms.YoucangetalotofpeopleinexplainsBergqvist.ThebedsarethreemeterswidebytwometerslongandcanfitatleastfouratatimE.32.WhenthewritersaysthefunwillbeoverinParagraph1hereferstothefactthat______.A.hotelguestswillbefrightenedatthethoughtofthehardtestB.holidaymakerswillsoongettiredofthebigiglooC.Bergqvist’shotelwillsoonbecomeapoolofwaterD.abiggerigloowillreplacethepresentone33.Accordingtothetextthefirstthingtodoinbuildinganigloois______.A.togatherapoolofwaterB.topilealargeamountofsnowC.tocoverthegroundwithiceD.toprepareawoodenbase34.Whichofthefourpicturesbelowistheclosesttotheigloohotelasdescribedinthetext?35Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.A.BergqvistbuilthisfirstigloobecausehewasinspiredbyanartexhibitionB.allvisitorscangetasurvivalcertificateaftertheexperienceC.theiglooattractsmanypeoplebecauseitprovidesarelaxinghotelbreakD.manypeoplearoundtheworldareinterestedintryingsomethingnew
Healthandclimatescientistshavemappedhowclimatechangeaffectsdifferentpartsoftheworldindifferentways.Thescientistspointtothefactthatchangesinthepastthirtyyearsmayhavebeenaffectinghumanhealth.Possibleeffectsincludemoredeathsfromextremeheatorcoldmorestormsandmorecropfailuresindryperiods.Thehealthandclimatescientistsrecentlyestimated估计thatclimatechangescausedbyhumanactivityleadtomorethanonehundredandfiftythousanddeathseachyear.Casesofsicknessareestimatedatfivemillion.AndtheW.H.O.saysthenumberscouldrisequicklybytheyearof2003.JonathanPatzofanenvironmentalinstituteledthestudy.ProfessorPatzpointsoutthatclimatescientistsconnectedglobalwarmingwiththeheatthatkilledthousandsinEuropeinAugust2003.Buthesayspoorcountriesleastresponsibleforthewarmingaremostindangerfromthehealtheffectsofhighertemperatures.ProfessorPatzsaysareasingreatestdangerincludesouthernandeasternAfricaandcoastlinesalongthePacificandIndianoceans.AlsolargecitiesexperiencewhatscientistscallaheatislandeffectthatcanmakeconditionsworsE.RepresentativesfromabouttwohundredcountriesholdameetinginCanadatodiscussclimatechangE.Theten-daymeetingendsonDecember9th.ItisthefirstsuchUnitedNationsmeetingsincetheKyotoProtocol京都议定书tookeffectearlierthisyear.Theagreementaimstoreducetheamountofcarbondioxideandotherheat-trapping吸热的gasessentoffintotheair.1.WhoisJonathanPatz?A.A.scientistresponsiblefortheclimatechangE.B.A.scientistinchargeofthestudyoftheclimatechangE.C.A.professorinterestedintheclimatechangE.D.A.professorwhoisarepresentativefromanAfricancountry.2.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Climatechangesaffectdifferentpartsoftheworldinthesameway.B.Theten-daymeetingisthefirstUnitedNationsmeetingonclimatechangE.C.TheKyotoProtocolaimstomakesmallertheamountofheat-trappinggasesintotheair.D.Poorcountriesareresponsiblefortheglobalwarming.3.PossibleeffectsfromtheclimatechangesincludethefollowingEXCEPT________.A.cropfailuresB.stormsC.moredeathsfromoverheatD.airpollution4.Accordingtothehealthandclimatescientistsclimatechangeshavebeencausedby________.A.dryweatherB.coldweatherC.humanactivitiesD.storms5.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.climatechangesarehavingabadeffectonhuman’swealthB.ProfessorPatzleadsthestudyofclimatechangesC.aheatislandeffectlargecitiesexperiencemakesthematterworseD.richcountriesaremostresponsibleforclimatechanges
Sciencecan'texplainthepowerofpetsbutmanystudieshaveshownthatthecompanyofpetscanhelplowerbloodpressure血压andraisechancesofrecoveringfromaheartattackreducelonelinessandspreadall-roundgoodcheer.Anyownerwilltellyouhowmuchjoyapetbrings.Forsomeananimalprovidesmorecomfortthanahusband/wifE.A.studybyKarenAllenoftheStateUniversityofNewYorkmeasuredstress紧张levelsandbloodpressureinpeople-halfofthempetowners–whiletheyperformed5minutesofmentalarithmetic算术orheldahandinicewater.Subjectscompletedthetasksalonewithahusband/wifeaclosefriendorwithapet.Peoplewithpetsdiditbest.Thosetestedwiththeiranimalfriendshadsmallerchangeinbloodpressureandreturnedmostquicklytobaselineheartrates.Withpetsintheroompeoplealsomadefewermathmistakesthanwhendoinginfrontofothercompanions.ItseemspeoplefeelmorerelaxedaroundpetssaysAllenwhothinksitmaybebecausepetsdon'tjudgE.Astudyreportedlastfallsuggeststhathavingapetdognotonlyraisesyourspiritsbutmayalsohaveaneffectonyoureatinghabits.ResearchersatNorthwesternMemorialHospitalspentayearstudying36fatpeopleandtheirequallyfatdogsondiet-and-exerciseprograms;aseparategroupof56peoplewithoutpetswereputonadietprogram.OnaveragepeoplelostaboutI1poundsor5%oftheirbodyweight.Theirdogsdidevenbetterlosinganaverageof12poundsmorethan15%oftheirbodyweight.Dogownersdidn'tloseanymoreweightthanthosewithoutdogsbutsayresearchersgotmoreexerciseoverall-mostlywiththeirdogs-andfounditworthdoing.28.Whatdoesthetextmainlydiscuss?A.Pets’valueinmedicalresearch.B.Howpetshelppeoplecalmdown.C.People'sopinionsofkeepingpets.D.Whatpetsbringtotheirowners.29.Welearnfromthetextthatapersonwithheartdiseasehasabetterchanceofgettingwellif.A.hehasapetcompanionB.hehaslessstressofworkC.heoftendoesmentalarithmeticD.heistakencareofbyhisfamily30.AccordingtoAllenwhydidthepeopledobetterwithpetsaroundwhendoingstressfultasks?A.TheyhavelowerbloodpressurE.B.Theybecomemorepatient.C.Theyarelessnervous.D.Theyareinhigherspirits.31.Theresearchmentionedinthelastparagraphreportsthat.A.peoplewithdogsdidmoreexerciseB.dogslostthesameweightaspeopledidC.dogslikedexercisemuchmorethanpeopledidD.peoplewithoutdogsfoundtheprogramunhelpful
Howtodealwithwastehasbeenaproblemsincehumansstartedproducingit.Asmoreandmorepeoplechoosetoliveclosetogetherincitiesthewaste-disposal处理problembecomesincreasinglydifficult.Duringtheeighteenthcenturyitwasusualforseveralneighboringtownstogettogethertoselectafarawayspotasadumpsite垃圾填埋场.Residentsortrashhaulers垃圾拖运者wouldtransporthouseholdrubbishrottedwoodandoldpossessionstothesitE.Periodically定期的someofthetrashwasburnedandtherestwasburieD.Theunpleasantsightsandsmellscausednoproblembecausenobodylivedcloseby.Factoriesmillsandotherindustrialsitesalsohadwastetobedisposedof.Thoselocatedonriversoftenjustdumpedtheunwantedremainsintothewater.Othersbuilthugeburnerswithchimneystodealwiththeproblem.Severalfactsmakethesechoicesunacceptabletomodernsociety.ThefirstproblemisspacE.Dumpswhicharenowcalledlandfillsaremostneededinheavilypopulatedareas.SuchareasseldomhaveemptylandsuitableforthispurposE.Landiseithertooexpensiveortooclosetoresidential住宅区的neighborhoods.Long-distancetrashhaulinghasbeenacommonpracticebutoncefarmareasarerefusingtoacceptrubbishfromelsewherecheaplandwithintruckingdistanceofmajorcityareasisalmostnonexistent.Awarenessofpollutiondangershasledtomorestrictrulesofwastedisposal.PollutionofriversgroundwaterlandandairisapricepeoplecannolongerpaytogetridofwastE.Theamountofwastehowevercontinuestogrow.Recyclingeffortshavebecomecommonplaceandmanytownsrequiretheirpeopletotakepart.Eventhemostefficientrecyclingprogramshowevercanhopetodealwithonlyabout50percentofacity’sreusablewastE.27.Themostsuitabletitleforthispassagewouldbe.A.PlacesforDisposingWasteB.WasteDisposalProblemC.WaysofGettingRidofWasteD.WastePollutionDangers28.Duringthe18thcenturypeopledisposedtheirwasteinmanywaysEXCEPTfor____.A.recyclingitB.buryingitC.burningitD.throwingitintorivers29.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraph?A.Farmareasacceptwastefromthecityinmodernsociety.B.Thereischeaplandtoburywasteinmodernsociety.C.WaystodealwithwasteinmodernsocietystaythesamE.D.Itisimpossibletofindspacetoburywasteinmodernsociety.30.Themainpurposeofwritingthisarticleisto.A.tellpeopleabetterwaytogetridofthewastE.B.warnpeopleofthepollutiondangerswearefacing.C.callonpeopletotakepartinrecyclingprograms.D.drawpeople’sattentiontowastemanagement.
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