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Gun Rights in the US Immediately after the shooting at Virginia Tech University, Americans gathered...
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GunRightsintheUS ImmediatelyaftertheshootingatVir
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TheValueofMotherhoodInshoppingmallstheassistantstrytopushyouintobuyingagifttothankherforherunselfishlove.Whenyoulogontoawebsiteasmallpop-upinvitesyoutobookabouquetforher.CommercialwarmthandgratitudearetheatmospherebeingspreadaroundforthisspecialSundayinMay.46.ThepopularityofMother’sDayaroundtheworldsuggeststhatJarvisgotallshewanted.Infactshegotmoreenoughtomakeherhorrified.47.Theybuyamongotherthings132millioncards.Mother’sDayistheNo.1holidayforflowerpurchases.Thentherearethevariouscommoditiesrangingfromjewelryandclothestocosmeticsandwashingpowderthattakeadvantageofthepromotionopportunities.BecauseofthisJarvisspentthelast40yearsofherlifetryingtostopMother’sDay.OneprotestagainstthecommercializationofMother’sDayevengotherarrestedfordisturbingthepeaceinterestingly.48.AsRalphFevreareporterattheUKnewspaperTheGuardianobservetraditionallymotherhoodissomethingthatwedobecausewethinkit’sright.Butinthelogicofcommercialismpeopleneedsomethinginexchangefortheirtimeandenergy.Acareerservesthispurposebetter.49Sotheyworkhardandplayhard.Becomingamotherhoweverinevitablyhandicapscareeranticipation.50.AccordingtotheGuardiantherearetwiceasmanychild-freeyoungwomenastherewereagenerationago.Ortheyputofftheresponsibilityofparentinguntillaterintheirlives.SoFevrewritesthatthemeaningofcelebratingMother’sDayneedstobeupdated:Itistopersuadepeoplethatparentingisagoodideaandtohonorpeoplefortheirattempttobegoodpeople.A.TheAmericanversionofMother’sDaywasthoughtupasearlyas1905byAnnaJarvisasawayofrecognizingtherealvalueofmotherhood.B.Butwhat’smorecommercialismchangesyoungpeople’sattitudetowardsmotherhood.C.Obviouslythebestgirlwillbeaphonecalloravisit.D.AccordingtoaresearchbytheUScardcompanyHalhnark96percentofAmericanconsumerscelebratetheholiday.E.Asaresultmotherhoodhassufferedahugedropinstatussincethe1950s.F.Inadditionwomenarebeingencouragedtopursueanycareertheydesir
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SmokingCanIncreaseDepressiveSymptomsinTeensWhilesometeenagersmaypuffoncigarettestoself-medicateagainstthebluesscientistsattheUniversityofTorontoandtheUniversityofMontrealhavefoundthatsmokingmayactually51depressivesymptomsinsometeens.Thisobservationalstudyisoneofthefewtoexaminetheperceived52benefitsofsmokingamongteenssaysleadresearcherMichaelChatomaresearchassociateattheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitoftheUniversityofToronto.53cigarettesmayappeartohaveself-medicating54ortoimprovemoodinthelongtermwefoundthatteenswhostartedtosmokereportedhigherdepressivesymptoms.Aspartofthestudysome662highschoolteenagerscompletedupto20questionnaires55theiruseofcigarettestoaffectmood.SecondaryschoolswereselectedtoprovideamixofFrenchandEnglishparticipantsurbanandruralschoolsandschools56inhighmoderateandlowsocioeconomicneighborhoods.Participantsweredividedintothree57:neversmokers;smokerswhodidnotusecigarettestoself-medicateimprovemoodorphysical58;smokerswhousedcigarettestoself-medicate.Depressivesymptomsweremeasuredusingascalethataskedhowfelttoofiredtodothings:had59goingtosleeporstaying60;feltunhappysadordepressed;felthopelessaboutthefuture;feltvexedantsyortense;andworriedtoomuchaboutthings.Smokerswhousedcigarettesasmood61hadhigherrisksofelevateddepressivesymptomsthanteenswhohadneversmokedsaysco-researcherJenniferO’LoughlinaprofessorattheUniversityofMontrealDepartmentofSocialandPreventiveMedicine.Ourstudyfoundthatteensmokerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingareathigherriskof62depressivesymptoms.63betweendepressionandsmokingexists64amongteensthatusecigarettestofeelbetter.It’s65toemphasizethatdepressivesymptomscoreswerehigheramongteenagerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingaftertheybegantosmokesaysDr.Chaiton.
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SmokingCanIncreaseDepressiveSymptomsinTeensWhilesometeenagersmaypuffoncigarettestoself-medicateagainstthebluesscientistsattheUniversityofTorontoandtheUniversityofMontrealhavefoundthatsmokingmayactually51depressivesymptomsinsometeens.Thisobservationalstudyisoneofthefewtoexaminetheperceived52benefitsofsmokingamongteenssaysleadresearcherMichaelChatomaresearchassociateattheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitoftheUniversityofToronto.53cigarettesmayappeartohaveself-medicating54ortoimprovemoodinthelongtermwefoundthatteenswhostartedtosmokereportedhigherdepressivesymptoms.Aspartofthestudysome662highschoolteenagerscompletedupto20questionnaires55theiruseofcigarettestoaffectmood.SecondaryschoolswereselectedtoprovideamixofFrenchandEnglishparticipantsurbanandruralschoolsandschools56inhighmoderateandlowsocioeconomicneighborhoods.Participantsweredividedintothree57:neversmokers;smokerswhodidnotusecigarettestoself-medicateimprovemoodorphysical58;smokerswhousedcigarettestoself-medicate.Depressivesymptomsweremeasuredusingascalethataskedhowfelttoofiredtodothings:had59goingtosleeporstaying60;feltunhappysadordepressed;felthopelessaboutthefuture;feltvexedantsyortense;andworriedtoomuchaboutthings.Smokerswhousedcigarettesasmood61hadhigherrisksofelevateddepressivesymptomsthanteenswhohadneversmokedsaysco-researcherJenniferO’LoughlinaprofessorattheUniversityofMontrealDepartmentofSocialandPreventiveMedicine.Ourstudyfoundthatteensmokerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingareathigherriskof62depressivesymptoms.63betweendepressionandsmokingexists64amongteensthatusecigarettestofeelbetter.It’s65toemphasizethatdepressivesymptomscoreswerehigheramongteenagerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingaftertheybegantosmokesaysDr.Chaiton.
SmokingCanIncreaseDepressiveSymptomsinTeensWhilesometeenagersmaypuffoncigarettestoself-medicateagainstthebluesscientistsattheUniversityofTorontoandtheUniversityofMontrealhavefoundthatsmokingmayactually51depressivesymptomsinsometeens.Thisobservationalstudyisoneofthefewtoexaminetheperceived52benefitsofsmokingamongteenssaysleadresearcherMichaelChatomaresearchassociateattheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitoftheUniversityofToronto.53cigarettesmayappeartohaveself-medicating54ortoimprovemoodinthelongtermwefoundthatteenswhostartedtosmokereportedhigherdepressivesymptoms.Aspartofthestudysome662highschoolteenagerscompletedupto20questionnaires55theiruseofcigarettestoaffectmood.SecondaryschoolswereselectedtoprovideamixofFrenchandEnglishparticipantsurbanandruralschoolsandschools56inhighmoderateandlowsocioeconomicneighborhoods.Participantsweredividedintothree57:neversmokers;smokerswhodidnotusecigarettestoself-medicateimprovemoodorphysical58;smokerswhousedcigarettestoself-medicate.Depressivesymptomsweremeasuredusingascalethataskedhowfelttoofiredtodothings:had59goingtosleeporstaying60;feltunhappysadordepressed;felthopelessaboutthefuture;feltvexedantsyortense;andworriedtoomuchaboutthings.Smokerswhousedcigarettesasmood61hadhigherrisksofelevateddepressivesymptomsthanteenswhohadneversmokedsaysco-researcherJenniferO’LoughlinaprofessorattheUniversityofMontrealDepartmentofSocialandPreventiveMedicine.Ourstudyfoundthatteensmokerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingareathigherriskof62depressivesymptoms.63betweendepressionandsmokingexists64amongteensthatusecigarettestofeelbetter.It’s65toemphasizethatdepressivesymptomscoreswerehigheramongteenagerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingaftertheybegantosmokesaysDr.Chaiton.
Asupernova超新星isastarthatexplodesandthenslowlyfadestolessthanitsoriginalbrightness.
MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGoodThing1AlthoughthedangersoftoolittlesleepareWidelyknownnewresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalsosuffertheconsequences.2InvestigatorsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewhoclockup9or10hourseachweeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingandstayingasleepaswellasanumberofothersleepproblemsthanpeoplewhosleep8hoursanight.Peoplewhosleptonly7hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmoretroublefallingasleeparidfeelingrefreshedafteranight’ssleepthan8-hoursleepers.3ThesefindingswhichDr.DanielKripkereportedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicinedemonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnight’srestmaynotneedtosetasidemorethan8hoursanight.Headdedthatitmightbeagoodideaforpeoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseachnighttoconsiderreducingtheamountoftimetheyspendinbedbutcautionedthatmoreresearchisneededtoconfirmthis.4Previousstudieshaveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleepforinstanceonereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplessthan7hourseachnighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleepmore.5ForthecurrentreportKripkereviewedtheresponsesof1004adultstosleepquestionnairesinwhichparticipantsindicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheweekandwhethertheyexperiencedanysleepproblems.Sleepproblemsincludedwakinginthemiddleofthenightarisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallhacktosleepandhavingfatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning.6Kripkefoundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremorelikelytoreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours.InaninterviewKripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestatnightsimplybecausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed.Asevidenceheaddedthatonewaytohelpinsomniaistospendlesstimeinbad.Itstandstoreasonthatifapersonspendstoolongatimeinbedthenthey’llspendahigherpercentageoftimeawakehesaid.A.Kripke’sResearchToolB.DangersofHabitualShortagesofSleepC.CriticismonKripke’sReportD.AWayofOvercomingInsomniaE.SleepProblemsofLongandShoatSleepersF.ClassificationofSleepProblemsParagraph2______.
Itisveryconsiderateofyoutoremembermybirthday.
EgyptFelledbyFamineEvenancientEgypt’smightypyramidbuilderswerepowerlessinthefaceofthefaminethathelpedbringdowntheircivilizationaround2180BC.NowevidencegleanedfrommuddepositedbytheRiverNilesuggeststhatashiftinclimatethousandsofkilometerstothesouthwasultimatelytoblameandthesameorworsecouldhappentoday.TheancientEgyptiansdependedontheNile’sannualfloodstoirrigatetheircrops.ButanychangeinclimatethatpushedtheAfricanmonsoonssouthwardsoutofEthiopiawouldhavediminishedthesefloods.DwindlingrainsintheEthiopianhighlandswouldhavemeantfewerplantstostablizethesoil.WhenraindidfallitwouldhavewashedlargeamountsofsoilintotheBlueNileandintoEgyptalongwithsedimentfromtheWhiteNile.TheBlueNilemudhasadifferentisotopesignaturefromthatoftheWhiteNile.SobyanalyzingisotopedifferencesinmuddepositedintheNileDeltaMichaelKromofLeedsUniversityworkedoutwhatproportionofsedimentcamefromeachbranchoftheriver.KromreasonsthatduringperiodsofdroughttheamountoftheBlueNilemudintheriverwouldberelativelyhigh.Hefoundthatoneoftheseperiodsfrom4500to4200yearsagoimmediatelypredatesthefalloftheEgypt’sOldKingdom.TheweakenedwaterswouldhavebeencatastrophicfortheEgyptians.Changesthataffectfoodsupplydon’thavetobeverylargetohavearippleeffectinsocietiessaysBillRyanoftheLamontDobertyEarthObservatoryinNewYork.SimilareventstodaycouldbeevenmoredevastatingsaysteammemberDanielStanleyageoarchaeologistfromtheSmithsonianInstitutioninWashingtonDC.AnythinghumansdotoshifttheclimatebeltswouldhaveanevenworseeffectalongtheNilesystemtodaybecausethepopulationshaveincreaseddramatically./Theworddevastatinginthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby______.
TheValueofMotherhoodInshoppingmallstheassistantstrytopushyouintobuyingagifttothankherforherunselfishlove.Whenyoulogontoawebsiteasmallpop-upinvitesyoutobookabouquetforher.CommercialwarmthandgratitudearetheatmospherebeingspreadaroundforthisspecialSundayinMay.46.ThepopularityofMother’sDayaroundtheworldsuggeststhatJarvisgotallshewanted.Infactshegotmoreenoughtomakeherhorrified.47.Theybuyamongotherthings132millioncards.Mother’sDayistheNo.1holidayforflowerpurchases.Thentherearethevariouscommoditiesrangingfromjewelryandclothestocosmeticsandwashingpowderthattakeadvantageofthepromotionopportunities.BecauseofthisJarvisspentthelast40yearsofherlifetryingtostopMother’sDay.OneprotestagainstthecommercializationofMother’sDayevengotherarrestedfordisturbingthepeaceinterestingly.48.AsRalphFevreareporterattheUKnewspaperTheGuardianobservetraditionallymotherhoodissomethingthatwedobecausewethinkit’sright.Butinthelogicofcommercialismpeopleneedsomethinginexchangefortheirtimeandenergy.Acareerservesthispurposebetter.49Sotheyworkhardandplayhard.Becomingamotherhoweverinevitablyhandicapscareeranticipation.50.AccordingtotheGuardiantherearetwiceasmanychild-freeyoungwomenastherewereagenerationago.Ortheyputofftheresponsibilityofparentinguntillaterintheirlives.SoFevrewritesthatthemeaningofcelebratingMother’sDayneedstobeupdated:Itistopersuadepeoplethatparentingisagoodideaandtohonorpeoplefortheirattempttobegoodpeople.A.TheAmericanversionofMother’sDaywasthoughtupasearlyas1905byAnnaJarvisasawayofrecognizingtherealvalueofmotherhood.B.Butwhat’smorecommercialismchangesyoungpeople’sattitudetowardsmotherhood.C.Obviouslythebestgirlwillbeaphonecalloravisit.D.AccordingtoaresearchbytheUScardcompanyHalhnark96percentofAmericanconsumerscelebratetheholiday.E.Asaresultmotherhoodhassufferedahugedropinstatussincethe1950s.F.Inadditionwomenarebeingencouragedtopursueanycareertheydesir
A.fallasleepagainB.becomemoreenergeticthefollowingdayC.sleeplessthan7hoursD.confirmthoseseriousconsequencesE.suffersleepproblemsF.sleepmorethan8hoursTogetagoodnight’srestpeoplemaynotneedto______.
EgyptFelledbyFamineEvenancientEgypt’smightypyramidbuilderswerepowerlessinthefaceofthefaminethathelpedbringdowntheircivilizationaround2180BC.NowevidencegleanedfrommuddepositedbytheRiverNilesuggeststhatashiftinclimatethousandsofkilometerstothesouthwasultimatelytoblameandthesameorworsecouldhappentoday.TheancientEgyptiansdependedontheNile’sannualfloodstoirrigatetheircrops.ButanychangeinclimatethatpushedtheAfricanmonsoonssouthwardsoutofEthiopiawouldhavediminishedthesefloods.DwindlingrainsintheEthiopianhighlandswouldhavemeantfewerplantstostablizethesoil.WhenraindidfallitwouldhavewashedlargeamountsofsoilintotheBlueNileandintoEgyptalongwithsedimentfromtheWhiteNile.TheBlueNilemudhasadifferentisotopesignaturefromthatoftheWhiteNile.SobyanalyzingisotopedifferencesinmuddepositedintheNileDeltaMichaelKromofLeedsUniversityworkedoutwhatproportionofsedimentcamefromeachbranchoftheriver.KromreasonsthatduringperiodsofdroughttheamountoftheBlueNilemudintheriverwouldberelativelyhigh.Hefoundthatoneoftheseperiodsfrom4500to4200yearsagoimmediatelypredatesthefalloftheEgypt’sOldKingdom.TheweakenedwaterswouldhavebeencatastrophicfortheEgyptians.Changesthataffectfoodsupplydon’thavetobeverylargetohavearippleeffectinsocietiessaysBillRyanoftheLamontDobertyEarthObservatoryinNewYork.SimilareventstodaycouldbeevenmoredevastatingsaysteammemberDanielStanleyageoarchaeologistfromtheSmithsonianInstitutioninWashingtonDC.AnythinghumansdotoshifttheclimatebeltswouldhaveanevenworseeffectalongtheNilesystemtodaybecausethepopulationshaveincreaseddramatically./Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue
SmokingCanIncreaseDepressiveSymptomsinTeensWhilesometeenagersmaypuffoncigarettestoself-medicateagainstthebluesscientistsattheUniversityofTorontoandtheUniversityofMontrealhavefoundthatsmokingmayactually51depressivesymptomsinsometeens.Thisobservationalstudyisoneofthefewtoexaminetheperceived52benefitsofsmokingamongteenssaysleadresearcherMichaelChatomaresearchassociateattheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitoftheUniversityofToronto.53cigarettesmayappeartohaveself-medicating54ortoimprovemoodinthelongtermwefoundthatteenswhostartedtosmokereportedhigherdepressivesymptoms.Aspartofthestudysome662highschoolteenagerscompletedupto20questionnaires55theiruseofcigarettestoaffectmood.SecondaryschoolswereselectedtoprovideamixofFrenchandEnglishparticipantsurbanandruralschoolsandschools56inhighmoderateandlowsocioeconomicneighborhoods.Participantsweredividedintothree57:neversmokers;smokerswhodidnotusecigarettestoself-medicateimprovemoodorphysical58;smokerswhousedcigarettestoself-medicate.Depressivesymptomsweremeasuredusingascalethataskedhowfelttoofiredtodothings:had59goingtosleeporstaying60;feltunhappysadordepressed;felthopelessaboutthefuture;feltvexedantsyortense;andworriedtoomuchaboutthings.Smokerswhousedcigarettesasmood61hadhigherrisksofelevateddepressivesymptomsthanteenswhohadneversmokedsaysco-researcherJenniferO’LoughlinaprofessorattheUniversityofMontrealDepartmentofSocialandPreventiveMedicine.Ourstudyfoundthatteensmokerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingareathigherriskof62depressivesymptoms.63betweendepressionandsmokingexists64amongteensthatusecigarettestofeelbetter.It’s65toemphasizethatdepressivesymptomscoreswerehigheramongteenagerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingaftertheybegantosmokesaysDr.Chaiton.
SmokingCanIncreaseDepressiveSymptomsinTeensWhilesometeenagersmaypuffoncigarettestoself-medicateagainstthebluesscientistsattheUniversityofTorontoandtheUniversityofMontrealhavefoundthatsmokingmayactually51depressivesymptomsinsometeens.Thisobservationalstudyisoneofthefewtoexaminetheperceived52benefitsofsmokingamongteenssaysleadresearcherMichaelChatomaresearchassociateattheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitoftheUniversityofToronto.53cigarettesmayappeartohaveself-medicating54ortoimprovemoodinthelongtermwefoundthatteenswhostartedtosmokereportedhigherdepressivesymptoms.Aspartofthestudysome662highschoolteenagerscompletedupto20questionnaires55theiruseofcigarettestoaffectmood.SecondaryschoolswereselectedtoprovideamixofFrenchandEnglishparticipantsurbanandruralschoolsandschools56inhighmoderateandlowsocioeconomicneighborhoods.Participantsweredividedintothree57:neversmokers;smokerswhodidnotusecigarettestoself-medicateimprovemoodorphysical58;smokerswhousedcigarettestoself-medicate.Depressivesymptomsweremeasuredusingascalethataskedhowfelttoofiredtodothings:had59goingtosleeporstaying60;feltunhappysadordepressed;felthopelessaboutthefuture;feltvexedantsyortense;andworriedtoomuchaboutthings.Smokerswhousedcigarettesasmood61hadhigherrisksofelevateddepressivesymptomsthanteenswhohadneversmokedsaysco-researcherJenniferO’LoughlinaprofessorattheUniversityofMontrealDepartmentofSocialandPreventiveMedicine.Ourstudyfoundthatteensmokerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingareathigherriskof62depressivesymptoms.63betweendepressionandsmokingexists64amongteensthatusecigarettestofeelbetter.It’s65toemphasizethatdepressivesymptomscoreswerehigheramongteenagerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingaftertheybegantosmokesaysDr.Chaiton.
HappinessIfyoursenseofwell-beingfluctuateswithstockmarketyoumightbecomfortedtoknowthatmoneycan’tbuyyouhappinessanyway.InoneAmericanstudyconductedin1993levelofincomewasshowntohaveaninverserelationtohappiness:Thegroupwhoseincomehaddeclinedwashappieroverallthanthegroupwhoseincomehadincreased.Asoon-to-bepublishedreviewofthehundredsofstudiesonthissubjectsupportsthe1993findings.Indevelopedcountriesthecorrelationbetweenincomeandhappinessisclosetozeroandsometimesnegative.Withacorrelationbetweenlevelofincomeandhappinesssomewherebetween0.12and0.18theUnitedStatesisnearthebottomofthelist;thatfactorsotherthanincomeareoverwhelminglymoreimportantinexplaininghappiness.Alsoasourmaterialwealthincreasesthegapbetweenincomeandsatisfactionwithlifeseemstobewidening.Predictablymoneyhasitsmostpositiveeffectonthepoorbutonceapersonhasachievedaminimalstandardoflivinglevelofincomehasalmostnothingtodowithhappiness.Closerelationshipratherthanmoneyisthekeytohappiness.Indeedthenumberofone’spersonalfriendsisamuchbetterindicatorofoverallsatisfactionwithlifethanpersonalwealth.Onestandsabetterchanceofachievingasatisfyinglifebyspendingtimewithfriendsandfamilythanbystrivingforhigherincome.IncidentallyintheUSaspeoplebecomerichertheprobabilityofdivorceincreases.Ourneedforcompanionshipispartlybiological.Allprimatesrespondwithpleasuretodemonstrationsofaffectionandwithpaintolossofcompanionship.Isolatedmonkeyswillsacrificefoodjustfortheglimpsesofanothermonkey.Byignoringourbiologicallyprogrammedneedforeachotherweriskphysicalandmentaldistress.Arecentcross-nationalstudyofmentaldepressionintheUSfoundthatinadvancedcountriesthereisarisingtideofmajordepression.Teenagesuicideshaveincreasedinrecentdecadesinalmostalladvancedcountries.MoreoverintheUSsinceWorldWarIItherehasbeenanactualdeclineintheproportionofpeoplewhoreportthemselvestobeveryunhappy.Youcaneasilytesttheclaimthatcompanionshipexceedswealthasasourceofhappiness.Askyourselfwhichhasagreaterinfluenceonyoursatisfactionwithlife:yourincomeortheaffectionofyourintimatecompanionsandthewell-beingofyourchildrenConverselywhichwouldmakeyoumoredepressed:areductioninsalaryoradivorceandisolationfromyourfriendsCapitalismsucceedsincreatingmaterialrichesbutitislesssuccessfulinbuildingcompanionablesocietiesandprotectingfamilyintegrity.Butdevelopingcountriesstillhavemuchworktodoinpursuingmaterialwealthwhereariseinproductivitystillgreatlyincreaseshappiness.Forpoorercountriesthetimeisnotyetripeforashiftinprioritiesfromwealthaccumulationtocompanionship.Canweaffordtobelievethatthepursuitofmaterialgainwillleadtoself-fulfilhnentWeshouldcontinuetoenjoyourwealthingoodcompanyorelsewemayfindthatitisnotsatisfying.Intheauthor’sopinionwhichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue
LowerBodyFatMeansBetterPerformanceThesedaysfashionmodelsandpopstarsarenottheonlypeoplewhohavetowatchtheirwaistline.Footballplayerswhomissafewkicksandlettheirbellyhangingoutalittletoomucharelikelytobeattackedbyrabidfansoreventhepresidentofacountry.ThelatestfootballstartodrawtheattentionofthefatpoliceisBarcelona’sRonaldinho26.LastFridayaSpanishsportsdailypublishedtwophotosoftheBrazilianstarwithouthisshirt.OnewastakeninNovember2003;theotherwastakenthismonth.Inthemostrecentonethestar’swaistlineseemstohavealittleextrapadding.AnotherSpanishsportsdailypublishedsimilarbefore-and-aiderphotosandarguedthatthestarhaslosthisexplosivenessandvelocityandiswornout.Thecauseaccordingtothenewspaperishispoorphysicalfitness.Howevertheplayer’scoachFrankRijkaardinsiststhathe’ssatisfiedwithRonaldinho’sformandfitness.AndafterBarcelona’svictoryoverAthleticBibaoonSundayRonaldinhochallengedphotographerstotakepicturesofhimwhenhetookoffhisshirt.!don’thaveanythingtohidehesaid.FellowBrazilianRonaldo30ofRealMadridfacedsimilarcriticismbeforethe2006WorldCup.Butthecriticismdidn’tcomefromabunchofsportsreporters:ItcamefromthepresidentofBrazil.SowhatisitBrazil’sPresidentLuizInacioLuladaSilvaaskedthenationalsoccerteam’scoachinhisofficelastJuneaccordingtotheAssociatedPress.Ishe[Ronaldo]fatornotHeisverystrongpresidentCarlosAlbertoParreirareportedlysaidatthetime.Heisnotthatboyanymore.Hisbodytypehaschanged.Thegameoffootfalldemandsthatplayersputasmuchemphasisonfitnessastheycandoondribblingpassingorshooting.Duringapropertrainingregimenfootballplayersnormallyfollowaload-fatigue-recoverypattern.Theypushtheirbodytowardahighermarkoffitnessandexperienceaslightandbriefdropinperformance.Thentheybegintherecoveryprocesswhichwillideallycarrytheirperformancetoanevenhigherplane.Howeversometimesnon-physicalfactorscaninfluenceaplayer’spoorfitness.InRonaldinho’scaseforinstancepeopleoftenunnamedhaveblamedeverythingfromthepressureofcontractnegotiationstopersonalproblemsandtoomanyadvertisingcommitments.Thefootballgamedemandsalotfromplayers.
EgyptFelledbyFamineEvenancientEgypt’smightypyramidbuilderswerepowerlessinthefaceofthefaminethathelpedbringdowntheircivilizationaround2180BC.NowevidencegleanedfrommuddepositedbytheRiverNilesuggeststhatashiftinclimatethousandsofkilometerstothesouthwasultimatelytoblameandthesameorworsecouldhappentoday.TheancientEgyptiansdependedontheNile’sannualfloodstoirrigatetheircrops.ButanychangeinclimatethatpushedtheAfricanmonsoonssouthwardsoutofEthiopiawouldhavediminishedthesefloods.DwindlingrainsintheEthiopianhighlandswouldhavemeantfewerplantstostablizethesoil.WhenraindidfallitwouldhavewashedlargeamountsofsoilintotheBlueNileandintoEgyptalongwithsedimentfromtheWhiteNile.TheBlueNilemudhasadifferentisotopesignaturefromthatoftheWhiteNile.SobyanalyzingisotopedifferencesinmuddepositedintheNileDeltaMichaelKromofLeedsUniversityworkedoutwhatproportionofsedimentcamefromeachbranchoftheriver.KromreasonsthatduringperiodsofdroughttheamountoftheBlueNilemudintheriverwouldberelativelyhigh.Hefoundthatoneoftheseperiodsfrom4500to4200yearsagoimmediatelypredatesthefalloftheEgypt’sOldKingdom.TheweakenedwaterswouldhavebeencatastrophicfortheEgyptians.Changesthataffectfoodsupplydon’thavetobeverylargetohavearippleeffectinsocietiessaysBillRyanoftheLamontDobertyEarthObservatoryinNewYork.SimilareventstodaycouldbeevenmoredevastatingsaysteammemberDanielStanleyageoarchaeologistfromtheSmithsonianInstitutioninWashingtonDC.AnythinghumansdotoshifttheclimatebeltswouldhaveanevenworseeffectalongtheNilesystemtodaybecausethepopulationshaveincreaseddramatically./Whydoestheauthormentionpyramidbuilders
SmartWindowWindowsnotonlyletlightintocutdownanelectricityuseforlightingbutthelightcomingthroughthewindowalsoprovidesheat.Howeverwindowsarenotsomethingpeopletypicallyassociatewithbeingacuttingedgetechnology.Researchersarenowworkingonnewtechnologiesthatenableawindowtoquicklychangefromcleartodarkandanywhereinbetweenwithaflipofaswitch.IttookusalongtimetofigureoutwhatawindowreallyissaysClaesGranqvist.He’saprofessorofsolid-statephysicsatUppsalaUniversityinSweden.It’scontactwiththeoutsideworld.Youhavetohavevisualcontactwiththesurroundingworldtofeelwell.Sowindowsandnaturallightareimportantforimprovingthewaypeoplefeelwhenthey’restuckindoors.Yetwindowsaretheweaklinkinabuildingwhenitcomestoenergyandtemperaturecontrol.Inthewintercoldairleaksin.Whenit’shotandsunnysunlightstreamsin.Allofthissunlightcarrieslotsofheatandenergy.Andallofthisextraheatforcespeopletoturnontheirairconditioners.Producingblastsofcoldairwhichcanfeelsorefreshingactuallysuckupenormousamountsofelectricityinbuildingsaroundtheworld.Windowshavebeenamajorfocusofenergyresearchforalongtime.Overtheyearsscientistshavecomeupwithavarietyofstrategiesforcoatingglazingandlayeringwindowstomakethemmoreenergyefficient.Smartwindowsgoastepfurther.Theyusechromogenictechnologieswhichinvolvechangesofcolor.electrochromicwindowsuseelectricitytochangecolor.Forexampleasheetofglasscoatedwiththinlayersofchemicalcompoundsuchastungstenoxideworksabitlikeabattery.Tungstenoxideisclearwhenanelectricchargeisappliedanddarkwhenthechargeisremovedthatiswhentheamountofvoltageisdecreasedthewindowdarkensuntilit’scompletelydarkafterallelectricityistakenaway.Soapplyingavoltagedetermineswhetherthewindowlooksclearordark.Oneimportantfeaturethatmakesasmartwindowsosmartisthatithasasortofmemory.Allittakesisasmalljoltofvoltagetoturnthewindowfromonestatetotheother.Thenitstaysthatway.Transitionstakeanywherefrom10secondstoafewminutesdependingonthesizeofthewindow.Thedevelopmentofsmartwindowscouldmeanthatmassiveairconditioningsystemsmaynolongerneed.InthefutureGranqvistsaysourbuildingsmaylookdifferent.Tomakeelectrochromicwindowschangecolorwhatisappliedtothewindowglass
SmokingCanIncreaseDepressiveSymptomsinTeensWhilesometeenagersmaypuffoncigarettestoself-medicateagainstthebluesscientistsattheUniversityofTorontoandtheUniversityofMontrealhavefoundthatsmokingmayactually51depressivesymptomsinsometeens.Thisobservationalstudyisoneofthefewtoexaminetheperceived52benefitsofsmokingamongteenssaysleadresearcherMichaelChatomaresearchassociateattheOntarioTobaccoResearchUnitoftheUniversityofToronto.53cigarettesmayappeartohaveself-medicating54ortoimprovemoodinthelongtermwefoundthatteenswhostartedtosmokereportedhigherdepressivesymptoms.Aspartofthestudysome662highschoolteenagerscompletedupto20questionnaires55theiruseofcigarettestoaffectmood.SecondaryschoolswereselectedtoprovideamixofFrenchandEnglishparticipantsurbanandruralschoolsandschools56inhighmoderateandlowsocioeconomicneighborhoods.Participantsweredividedintothree57:neversmokers;smokerswhodidnotusecigarettestoself-medicateimprovemoodorphysical58;smokerswhousedcigarettestoself-medicate.Depressivesymptomsweremeasuredusingascalethataskedhowfelttoofiredtodothings:had59goingtosleeporstaying60;feltunhappysadordepressed;felthopelessaboutthefuture;feltvexedantsyortense;andworriedtoomuchaboutthings.Smokerswhousedcigarettesasmood61hadhigherrisksofelevateddepressivesymptomsthanteenswhohadneversmokedsaysco-researcherJenniferO’LoughlinaprofessorattheUniversityofMontrealDepartmentofSocialandPreventiveMedicine.Ourstudyfoundthatteensmokerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingareathigherriskof62depressivesymptoms.63betweendepressionandsmokingexists64amongteensthatusecigarettestofeelbetter.It’s65toemphasizethatdepressivesymptomscoreswerehigheramongteenagerswhoreportedemotionalbenefitsfromsmokingaftertheybegantosmokesaysDr.Chaiton.
Ididn'thavemuchconfidenceinmytalentasanactor.
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