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Directions: Write an essay of 160 -200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you sho...
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Directions:Inthispartyouaretowriteanessayof160—200
Directions: Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwrite
PartB Directions: Youarerequiredtowriteanessayont
Directions:Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwritean
Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefo
Directions:Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwritean
Directions: Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthef
Directions: Studythepicturesabovecarefullyandwrit
Directions:Studythepicturesabovecarefullyandwritea
Directions:Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwritean
Directions: Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwrite
Directions:Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwritean
Directions: Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwrite
Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefo
Directions: Youarerequiredtowriteanessayoffthetop
Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefo
Directions:Studythetwopicturesabovecarefullyandwri
Directions:Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwritean
Directions:Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefol
Directions:Studythepictureabovecarefullyandwritean
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Youarenotheretotellmewhattodo.YouareheretotellmewhyIhavedonewhatIhavealreadydecidedtodoMontaguNormantheBankofEngland’slongest-servinggovernor1920-1944isreputedtohaveoncetoldhiseconomicadviser.To-daythankfullycentralbanksaimtobemoretransparentintheirdecisionmakingaswellasmorerational.Butachievingeitherofthesethingsisnotalwayseasy.WiththemostlaudableofintentionstheFederalReserveAmerica’scentralbankmaybeabouttotakeastepthatcouldbackfire.UnliketheFedmanyothercentralbankshavelongdeclaredexplicitinflationtar-gelsandthensetinterestratestotrytomeetthese.SomeeconomistshavearguedthattheFedshoulddothesame.WithAlanGreenspantheFed’smuch-respectedchairmanduetoretirenextyear—afteramere18yearsinthejob—someFedofficialswanttoadoptatargetpresumablytomaintainthecentralbank’scredibilityinthescarynewpost-Greenspanera.TheFeddiscussedsuchatargetatitsFebruarymeetingaccordingtominutespublishedthisweek.Thissoundsencouraging.HowevertheFedisconsideringtheideajustwhensomeothercentralbanksarebeginningtoquestionwhetherstrictinflationtargetingreallyworks.Atpresentcentralbanksfocusalmostexclusivelyonconsumer-priceindices.OnthismeasureMr.Greenspancanboastthatinflationremainsundercontrol.Butsomecentralbankersnowarguethatthepricesofassetssuchashousesandsharesshouldalsosome-howbetakenintoaccount.AbroadpriceindexforAmericawhichincludeshousepricesiscurrentlyrunningat5.5%itsfastestpacesince1982.Inflationhassimplytakenadifferentform.ShouldcentralbanksalsotrytocurbincreasesinsuchassetpricesMr.Greenspancontinuestoinsistthatmonetarypolicyshouldnotbeusedtoprickasset-pricebubbles.Identifyingbubblesisdifficultexceptinretrospecthesaysandinterestratesareabluntweapon:anincreasebigenoughtohaltrisingpricescouldtriggerarecession.Itisbetterhesaystowaitforahousingorstockmarketbubbletoburstandthentocushiontheeconomybycuttinginterestrates—ashedidin2001-2002.Andyettheriskisnotjustthatassetpricescangoswiftlyintoreverse.Aswithtraditionalinflationsurgingassetpricesalsodistortpricesignalsandsocancauseamisallocationofresources—encouragingtoolittlesavingforexampleortoomuchinvestmentinhousing.Surginghousepricesmaythereforeargueforhigherinterestratesthanconventionalinflationwoulddemand.Inotherwordsstrictinflationtargeting—thefadofthe1990s—istoocrude.Wecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthat______.
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.8
Itisanevilinfluenceontheyouthofourcountry.ApoliticiancondemningvideogamingActuallyaclergymandenouncingrockandroll50yearsago.ButthesentimentcouldjustaseasilyhavebeenvoicedbyHillaryClintoninthepastfewweeksassheblamedvideogamesforasilentepidemicofmediadesensitisationandstealingtheinnocenceofourchildren.ThegamingfurorecentersonGrandTheftAuto:SanAndreasapopularandnotoriouslyviolentcopsandrobbersgamethatturnedouttocontainhiddensexscenesthatcouldbeunlockedusingapatchdownloadedfromtheInternet.TheresultingoutcrymostlyfromDemocraticpoliticiansplayingtothecentrecausedthegame’sratinginAmericatobechangedfrommaturewhichmeansyouhavetobe17tobuyittoadultsonlywhichmeansyouhavetobe18butalsomeansthatbigretailerssuchasWal-Martwillnotstockit.AsaresultthegamehasbeenbannedinAustralia;andthisautumnAmerica’sFederalTradeCommissionwillinvestigatethecomplaints.Thatwillgivegaming’sopponentsanopportunitytoventtheirwrathontheindustry.SkepticismofnewmediaisatraditionwithdeeprootsgoingbackatleastasfarasSocratesobjectionstowrittentextsoutlinedinPlato’sPhaedrus.Socratesworriedthatrelyingonwrittentextsratherthantheoraltraditionwouldcreateforgetfulnessinthelearners’soulsbecausetheywillnotusetheirmemories;theywilltrusttotheexternalwrittencharactersandnotrememberofthemselves.Healsoobjectedthatawrittenversionofaspeechwasnosubstitutefortheabilitytointerrogatethespeakersincewhenquestionedthetextalwaysgivesoneunvaryinganswer.Hisobjectioninshortwasthatbookswerenotinteractive.PerhapsSocrateswouldhavethoughtmorehighlyofvideogames.Novelswereonceconsideredtoolow-browforuniversityliteraturecoursesbuteventuallythedisapprovingprofessorsretired.Waltzmusicanddancingwerecondemnedinthe19thcentury;allthattwirlingwasthoughttobeintoxicatinganddepravedandthemusicwasoutlawedinsomeplaces.Todayitishardtoimaginewhatthefusswasabout.AndrockandrollwasthoughttoencourageviolencepromiscuityandsatanismbuttodayevengranniesbuyColdplayalbums.TheattitudesofSocratesandHillaryClintontowardthenovelmediumare______.
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.20
ItmaybejustaswellforOxfordUniversity’sreputationthatthisweek’smeetingofCongregationits3552-stronggoverningbodywasheldinsecretfortheairofcivilizedrationalitythatisgenerallysupposedtopervadedonnishconversationhaslatelyturnedfractious.That’sbecausethevice-chancellorthenearestthingtheplacehastoachiefexecutivehasproposedthemostfundamentalreformstotheuniversitysincetheestablishmentofthecollegesystemin1249;andalotofthedonsandcollegesdon’tlikeit.ThetroublewithOxfordisthatitisunmanageable.Itsproblems—thedifficultyofrecruitinggooddonsandofgettingridofbadonesconcernsaboutacademicstandardsseveremoneyworriesatsomecolleges—allspringfromthat.JohnHoodwhowasrecruitedasvice-chancellorfromtheUniversityofAucklandandisnowprobablythemost-hatedantipodeaninBritishacademiclifereckonsheknowshowtosolvethisandhasproposedtoreducethepowerofdonsandcollegesandincreasethatofuniversityadministrators.Mr.Hoodisrightthattheuniversity’smanagementstructureneedsanoverhaul.Butradicalthoughhisproposalsseemtothoseinvolvedinthecurrentrowtheydonotgofarenough.ThedifficultyofmanagingOxfordstemsonlypartlyfromthenuttinessofitssystemofgovernance;themorefundamentalproblemliesinitsrelationshipwiththegovernment.That’swhyMr.Hoodshouldadoptanideathatwasonceregardedasteeteringonthelunaticfringeofradicalismbutthesedaysisdiscussedeveninpolitecircles.Theideaisindependence.Oxfordgetsaround￡5000$9500perundergraduateperyearfromthegovernment.Inreturnitacceptsthatitcanchargestudentsonly~1150risingto~3000nextyearontopofthat.Sinceitprobablycostsatleast~10000ayeartoteachanundergraduatethatleavesOxfordwithadeficitof~4000orsoperstudenttocoverfromitsownfunds.IfOxforddeclaredindependenceitwouldlosethe~52mundergraduatesubsidyatleast.CoulditfilltheholeCertainly.America’stopuniversitieschargearound￡20000perstudentperyear.Thedifficultissuewouldnotbemoneyalone:itwouldbebalancingnumbersofnot-so-brilliantrichpeoplepayingtopwhackwiththeclevererpooreronestheywerecrosssubsidising.America’stopuniversitiesmanageit:highfeesmeanbetterteachingwhichkeepscompetitionhotandacademicstandardshighwhileluringenoughdonationstoprovidebursariesforthepoor.ItshouldbeeasiertoextractmoneyfromalumniifOxfordwerenolongerstate-funded.Wecanseefromtheavailablestatisticsthatthe______.
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.2
HenriMatisseoriginallytrainedasalawyerturningtoartwhilstrecoveringfromappendicitis.46InitiallyseducedbytheImpressionistsandinparticularbyCezanneMatissebroughttogetheracircleoflike-mindedartistswhobecameknownastheFauvestheBeastsaftertheirsensationalexhibitionof.1905.TheseearlypaintingsrevealedanintuitiveandexplosivecoloursensewhichwastobecomethedefiningfeatureofMatisse’slongcareer.47Believingarttobe’"somethinglikeagoodarmchairinwhichonerestsfromphysicalfatigue"hewasdedicatedtoproducingworkthatexpressedaharmonyclosetoamusicalcomposition.48TherearetwoversionsofLaDanseoriginallyproducedwithanotherenormouspanelentitledMusiqueforaRussiancollector.DancewasapopulartopicatthetimeasDiaghilevandtheRussianBallethadjustvisitedParis.49Despiteorbecauseofthesimplificationofcolourformandlinethefiguresappeartobefulloflife.Matissemadesculpturesdesignedsetsandcostumesandillustratedbooks.50Hewasalsoanimportantgraphicartistwhoinhisbed-riddenfinalyearsevolvedhisownmethodofarrangingcut-outpapershapes.Heisindisputablythegreatestdecorativeartistofthetwentiethcentury. InitiallyseducedbytheImpressionistsandinparticularbyCezanneMatissebroughttogetheracircleoflike-mindedartistswhobecameknownastheFauvestheBeastsaftertheirsensationalexhibitionof.1905.
Youarenotheretotellmewhattodo.YouareheretotellmewhyIhavedonewhatIhavealreadydecidedtodoMontaguNormantheBankofEngland’slongest-servinggovernor1920-1944isreputedtohaveoncetoldhiseconomicadviser.To-daythankfullycentralbanksaimtobemoretransparentintheirdecisionmakingaswellasmorerational.Butachievingeitherofthesethingsisnotalwayseasy.WiththemostlaudableofintentionstheFederalReserveAmerica’scentralbankmaybeabouttotakeastepthatcouldbackfire.UnliketheFedmanyothercentralbankshavelongdeclaredexplicitinflationtar-gelsandthensetinterestratestotrytomeetthese.SomeeconomistshavearguedthattheFedshoulddothesame.WithAlanGreenspantheFed’smuch-respectedchairmanduetoretirenextyear—afteramere18yearsinthejob—someFedofficialswanttoadoptatargetpresumablytomaintainthecentralbank’scredibilityinthescarynewpost-Greenspanera.TheFeddiscussedsuchatargetatitsFebruarymeetingaccordingtominutespublishedthisweek.Thissoundsencouraging.HowevertheFedisconsideringtheideajustwhensomeothercentralbanksarebeginningtoquestionwhetherstrictinflationtargetingreallyworks.Atpresentcentralbanksfocusalmostexclusivelyonconsumer-priceindices.OnthismeasureMr.Greenspancanboastthatinflationremainsundercontrol.Butsomecentralbankersnowarguethatthepricesofassetssuchashousesandsharesshouldalsosome-howbetakenintoaccount.AbroadpriceindexforAmericawhichincludeshousepricesiscurrentlyrunningat5.5%itsfastestpacesince1982.Inflationhassimplytakenadifferentform.ShouldcentralbanksalsotrytocurbincreasesinsuchassetpricesMr.Greenspancontinuestoinsistthatmonetarypolicyshouldnotbeusedtoprickasset-pricebubbles.Identifyingbubblesisdifficultexceptinretrospecthesaysandinterestratesareabluntweapon:anincreasebigenoughtohaltrisingpricescouldtriggerarecession.Itisbetterhesaystowaitforahousingorstockmarketbubbletoburstandthentocushiontheeconomybycuttinginterestrates—ashedidin2001-2002.Andyettheriskisnotjustthatassetpricescangoswiftlyintoreverse.Aswithtraditionalinflationsurgingassetpricesalsodistortpricesignalsandsocancauseamisallocationofresources—encouragingtoolittlesavingforexampleortoomuchinvestmentinhousing.Surginghousepricesmaythereforeargueforhigherinterestratesthanconventionalinflationwoulddemand.Inotherwordsstrictinflationtargeting—thefadofthe1990s—istoocrude.ThewordminutesLine6Paragraph2mostprobablymeans______.
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.16
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.6
ItmaybejustaswellforOxfordUniversity’sreputationthatthisweek’smeetingofCongregationits3552-stronggoverningbodywasheldinsecretfortheairofcivilizedrationalitythatisgenerallysupposedtopervadedonnishconversationhaslatelyturnedfractious.That’sbecausethevice-chancellorthenearestthingtheplacehastoachiefexecutivehasproposedthemostfundamentalreformstotheuniversitysincetheestablishmentofthecollegesystemin1249;andalotofthedonsandcollegesdon’tlikeit.ThetroublewithOxfordisthatitisunmanageable.Itsproblems—thedifficultyofrecruitinggooddonsandofgettingridofbadonesconcernsaboutacademicstandardsseveremoneyworriesatsomecolleges—allspringfromthat.JohnHoodwhowasrecruitedasvice-chancellorfromtheUniversityofAucklandandisnowprobablythemost-hatedantipodeaninBritishacademiclifereckonsheknowshowtosolvethisandhasproposedtoreducethepowerofdonsandcollegesandincreasethatofuniversityadministrators.Mr.Hoodisrightthattheuniversity’smanagementstructureneedsanoverhaul.Butradicalthoughhisproposalsseemtothoseinvolvedinthecurrentrowtheydonotgofarenough.ThedifficultyofmanagingOxfordstemsonlypartlyfromthenuttinessofitssystemofgovernance;themorefundamentalproblemliesinitsrelationshipwiththegovernment.That’swhyMr.Hoodshouldadoptanideathatwasonceregardedasteeteringonthelunaticfringeofradicalismbutthesedaysisdiscussedeveninpolitecircles.Theideaisindependence.Oxfordgetsaround￡5000$9500perundergraduateperyearfromthegovernment.Inreturnitacceptsthatitcanchargestudentsonly~1150risingto~3000nextyearontopofthat.Sinceitprobablycostsatleast~10000ayeartoteachanundergraduatethatleavesOxfordwithadeficitof~4000orsoperstudenttocoverfromitsownfunds.IfOxforddeclaredindependenceitwouldlosethe~52mundergraduatesubsidyatleast.CoulditfilltheholeCertainly.America’stopuniversitieschargearound￡20000perstudentperyear.Thedifficultissuewouldnotbemoneyalone:itwouldbebalancingnumbersofnot-so-brilliantrichpeoplepayingtopwhackwiththeclevererpooreronestheywerecrosssubsidising.America’stopuniversitiesmanageit:highfeesmeanbetterteachingwhichkeepscompetitionhotandacademicstandardshighwhileluringenoughdonationstoprovidebursariesforthepoor.ItshouldbeeasiertoextractmoneyfromalumniifOxfordwerenolongerstate-funded.Itisimpliedinthethirdparagraphthat______.
Directions: Studythefollowingbarchartcarefullyandwriteanessayinwhichyoushould 1describethebarchartand 2deducethepossiblereasonsforthefact. 3Makearelevantprediction. Youshouldwriteabout160-200wordsneatlyonANSWERSHEET2.
HenriMatisseoriginallytrainedasalawyerturningtoartwhilstrecoveringfromappendicitis.46InitiallyseducedbytheImpressionistsandinparticularbyCezanneMatissebroughttogetheracircleoflike-mindedartistswhobecameknownastheFauvestheBeastsaftertheirsensationalexhibitionof.1905.TheseearlypaintingsrevealedanintuitiveandexplosivecoloursensewhichwastobecomethedefiningfeatureofMatisse’slongcareer.47Believingarttobe’"somethinglikeagoodarmchairinwhichonerestsfromphysicalfatigue"hewasdedicatedtoproducingworkthatexpressedaharmonyclosetoamusicalcomposition.48TherearetwoversionsofLaDanseoriginallyproducedwithanotherenormouspanelentitledMusiqueforaRussiancollector.DancewasapopulartopicatthetimeasDiaghilevandtheRussianBallethadjustvisitedParis.49Despiteorbecauseofthesimplificationofcolourformandlinethefiguresappeartobefulloflife.Matissemadesculpturesdesignedsetsandcostumesandillustratedbooks.50Hewasalsoanimportantgraphicartistwhoinhisbed-riddenfinalyearsevolvedhisownmethodofarrangingcut-outpapershapes.Heisindisputablythegreatestdecorativeartistofthetwentiethcentury. Hewasalsoanimportantgraphicartistwhoinhisbed-riddenfinalyearsevolvedhisownmethodofarrangingcut-outpapershapes.
Youarenotheretotellmewhattodo.YouareheretotellmewhyIhavedonewhatIhavealreadydecidedtodoMontaguNormantheBankofEngland’slongest-servinggovernor1920-1944isreputedtohaveoncetoldhiseconomicadviser.To-daythankfullycentralbanksaimtobemoretransparentintheirdecisionmakingaswellasmorerational.Butachievingeitherofthesethingsisnotalwayseasy.WiththemostlaudableofintentionstheFederalReserveAmerica’scentralbankmaybeabouttotakeastepthatcouldbackfire.UnliketheFedmanyothercentralbankshavelongdeclaredexplicitinflationtar-gelsandthensetinterestratestotrytomeetthese.SomeeconomistshavearguedthattheFedshoulddothesame.WithAlanGreenspantheFed’smuch-respectedchairmanduetoretirenextyear—afteramere18yearsinthejob—someFedofficialswanttoadoptatargetpresumablytomaintainthecentralbank’scredibilityinthescarynewpost-Greenspanera.TheFeddiscussedsuchatargetatitsFebruarymeetingaccordingtominutespublishedthisweek.Thissoundsencouraging.HowevertheFedisconsideringtheideajustwhensomeothercentralbanksarebeginningtoquestionwhetherstrictinflationtargetingreallyworks.Atpresentcentralbanksfocusalmostexclusivelyonconsumer-priceindices.OnthismeasureMr.Greenspancanboastthatinflationremainsundercontrol.Butsomecentralbankersnowarguethatthepricesofassetssuchashousesandsharesshouldalsosome-howbetakenintoaccount.AbroadpriceindexforAmericawhichincludeshousepricesiscurrentlyrunningat5.5%itsfastestpacesince1982.Inflationhassimplytakenadifferentform.ShouldcentralbanksalsotrytocurbincreasesinsuchassetpricesMr.Greenspancontinuestoinsistthatmonetarypolicyshouldnotbeusedtoprickasset-pricebubbles.Identifyingbubblesisdifficultexceptinretrospecthesaysandinterestratesareabluntweapon:anincreasebigenoughtohaltrisingpricescouldtriggerarecession.Itisbetterhesaystowaitforahousingorstockmarketbubbletoburstandthentocushiontheeconomybycuttinginterestrates—ashedidin2001-2002.Andyettheriskisnotjustthatassetpricescangoswiftlyintoreverse.Aswithtraditionalinflationsurgingassetpricesalsodistortpricesignalsandsocancauseamisallocationofresources—encouragingtoolittlesavingforexampleortoomuchinvestmentinhousing.Surginghousepricesmaythereforeargueforhigherinterestratesthanconventionalinflationwoulddemand.Inotherwordsstrictinflationtargeting—thefadofthe1990s—istoocrude.Whichofthefollowingswouldbethebesttitleforthetext
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.18
Electionsoftentellyoumoreaboutwhatpeopleareagainstthanwhattheyarefor.SoitiswiththeEuropeanonesthattookplacelastweekinall25EuropeanUnionmembercountries.Theseelectionswidelytrumpetedastheworld’sbiggest-evermultination-aldemocraticvotewerefoughtforthemostpartas25separatenationalcontestswhichmakesittrickytopickoutmanycommonthemes.Butthestrongestareundoubtedlynegative.Europe’svotersareangryanddisillusioned—andtheyhavedemonstratedtheirangeranddisillusioninthreemainways.Themostobviouswasbyabstaining.Theaverageoverallturnoutwasjustover45%bysomemarginthelowesteverrecordedforelectionstotheEuropeanParliament.Andthataveragedisguisessomebigvariations:Italyforexamplenotchedupover70%butSwedenmanagedonly37%.MostdepressingofallatleasttobelieversintheEuropeanprojectwastheextremelylowvoteinmanyofthenewmembercountriesfromcentralEu-ropewhichaccountedforthewholeofthefallinturnoutsince1999.InthebiggestPo-landonlyjustoverafifthoftheelectorateturnedouttovote.OnlyayearagocentralEuropeansvotedinlargenumberstojointheEUwhichtheydidonMay1st.ThattheyabstainedinsuchlargenumbersintheEuropeanelectionspointstoearlydisillusionwiththeEuropeanUnion—aswellastoawidespreadfeelingsharedintheoldmembercountriesaswellthattheEuropeanParliamentdoesnotmatter.DisillusionwithEuropewasalsoabigfactorinthesecondwayinwhichvoterspro-testedwhichwasbysupportingaragbagofpopulistnationalistandexplicitlyanti-EUparties.Theserangedfromthe16%whobackedtheUKIndependencePartywhosedeclaredpolicyistowithdrawfromtheEUandwhoseleadersseetheirmissionaswrecking’’theEuropeanParliamenttothe14%whovotedforSweden’sJunelistandthe27%ofPoleswhobackedoneoftwoanti-EUpartiestheLeagueofCatholicFamiliesandSelfdefence.TheseresultshavereturnedmanymoreEuroscepticsandtrouble-makerstotheparliament:onsomemeasuresoveraquarterofthenewMEPSwillbelongtotheawkwardsquad.ThatisnotabadthinghoweverforitwillmaketheparliamentmorerepresentativeofEuropeanpublicopinion.ButitisthethirdtargetofEuropeanvoters’irethatisperhapsthemostimmediatelysignificant:thefactthatinmanyEUcountriesoldandnewtheychosetovoteheavilyagainsttheirowngovernments.Thisanti-incumbentvotewasstrongalmosteverywherebutitwasmostpronouncedinBritaintheCzechRepublicGermanyPolandandSweden.TheleadersofallthefourbiggestEuropeanUnioncountriesTonyBlairinBritainJacquesChiracinFranceGerhardSchroderinGermanyandSilvioBerlusconiinItalywereeachgivenabloodynosebytheirvoters.ThebigquestionnowishowEurope’sleadersshouldrespondtothis.ByasublimeorterriblecoincidencesoonaftertheelectionsandjustasTheEconomistwasgoingtopresstheyweregatheringinBrusselsforacrucialsummitatwhichtheyareduetoagreeanewconstitutionaltreatyfortheEUandtoselectanewpresidentfortheEuropeanCommission.GoingintothemeetingmostEUheadsofgovernmentseemeddeterminedtopressaheadwiththisagendaregardlessoftheEuropeanelections—eventhoughtheatmosphereaftertheresultsmaymakeitharderforthemtostrikedeals.ItisimpliedinthetextthatthedepartureofEuroscepticsandtrouble-makersfromtheEuropeanParliament______.
OneofthemostfashionabletreatmentsfordiseasegenetherapyhassofarmadelittleheadwayintacklingoneofthemostmodishofillnessesAIDSandthehumanimmunodeficiencyvirusHIVthatcausesit.46.Theideaofgene-therapytreatmentforHIV/AIDSwouldbetocreateagenethatwhenplacedinaninfectedpersonwouldmakealloftheoffspringofthecellintowhichitwasinsertedresistanttothevirus.Eveniftheviruscontinuedtodestroythepatient’simmunecellsnewonesthatcouldnotbeinfectedwouldreplacethem.Eventuallythediseasewouldnolongerthreatenthehealthofthepatient. AfirststeptowardsthishasbeenachievedbyresearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandVIRXSYSabiotechnologyfirmbasednearBaltimore.47.Ratherthaninsertingagenedirectlytheyremovedtheimmunecellsfrompeopleandreplacedthemwithversionsthathadbeenmodifiedtoresistthevirus.Theresultswerepublishedinthisweek’sissueoftheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences. Theteamtreatedfiveinfectedpatientswhohadnotrespondedtoatleasttwodifferentprogrammesoftreatmentusingconventionalanti-retroviraldrugs.Theyremovedfromeachpatient’sbloodthecellscalled"helperT-cells"thatwouldnormallymobilisetheimmuneresponsetothevirus.48.ThesewerepurifiedandstuffedwithaformofHIVthathadbeenalteredtocarryamirrorimageor"antisense"versionofamoleculethatenablesittomultiply.Thisgeneticfiddlingdisruptedthereproductionofthevirusinsideinfectedcells. Suchasmallexperimentwasdesignedmerelytoestablishwhethertheapproachwassafe.Buttheresearcherswerepleasantlysurprisedtofindthatthenumberofvirusesineachpatientdropped.Thissuggeststhatthetreatmentwastacklingthediseaseeffectivelyindifficultpatientsforwhomconventionaldrugshadfailed.49.AccordingtoCarlJuneoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniatheirimmunesystemsresponded"asiftheywereonavaccine"anditappearedasthoughtheirbodieswere"vaccinatingthemselves"againstHIV. Theresearchersarenowmovingtothenextphaseofstudywhichwillinvolvemorepatientsincludingthosewhosediseaseisinitsearlystages.50.Iflatertrialsconfirmtheearlypositiveresultsthisapproachcouldproveausefulcomplementtoexistingdrugsorafuturevaccine--andmayevenreplacethem. 48
HenriMatisseoriginallytrainedasalawyerturningtoartwhilstrecoveringfromappendicitis.46InitiallyseducedbytheImpressionistsandinparticularbyCezanneMatissebroughttogetheracircleoflike-mindedartistswhobecameknownastheFauvestheBeastsaftertheirsensationalexhibitionof.1905.TheseearlypaintingsrevealedanintuitiveandexplosivecoloursensewhichwastobecomethedefiningfeatureofMatisse’slongcareer.47Believingarttobe’"somethinglikeagoodarmchairinwhichonerestsfromphysicalfatigue"hewasdedicatedtoproducingworkthatexpressedaharmonyclosetoamusicalcomposition.48TherearetwoversionsofLaDanseoriginallyproducedwithanotherenormouspanelentitledMusiqueforaRussiancollector.DancewasapopulartopicatthetimeasDiaghilevandtheRussianBallethadjustvisitedParis.49Despiteorbecauseofthesimplificationofcolourformandlinethefiguresappeartobefulloflife.Matissemadesculpturesdesignedsetsandcostumesandillustratedbooks.50Hewasalsoanimportantgraphicartistwhoinhisbed-riddenfinalyearsevolvedhisownmethodofarrangingcut-outpapershapes.Heisindisputablythegreatestdecorativeartistofthetwentiethcentury. TherearetwoversionsofLaDanseoriginallyproducedwithanotherenormouspanelentitledMusiqueforaRussiancollector.
OneofthemostfashionabletreatmentsfordiseasegenetherapyhassofarmadelittleheadwayintacklingoneofthemostmodishofillnessesAIDSandthehumanimmunodeficiencyvirusHIVthatcausesit.46.Theideaofgene-therapytreatmentforHIV/AIDSwouldbetocreateagenethatwhenplacedinaninfectedpersonwouldmakealloftheoffspringofthecellintowhichitwasinsertedresistanttothevirus.Eveniftheviruscontinuedtodestroythepatient’simmunecellsnewonesthatcouldnotbeinfectedwouldreplacethem.Eventuallythediseasewouldnolongerthreatenthehealthofthepatient. AfirststeptowardsthishasbeenachievedbyresearchersattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandVIRXSYSabiotechnologyfirmbasednearBaltimore.47.Ratherthaninsertingagenedirectlytheyremovedtheimmunecellsfrompeopleandreplacedthemwithversionsthathadbeenmodifiedtoresistthevirus.Theresultswerepublishedinthisweek’sissueoftheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences. Theteamtreatedfiveinfectedpatientswhohadnotrespondedtoatleasttwodifferentprogrammesoftreatmentusingconventionalanti-retroviraldrugs.Theyremovedfromeachpatient’sbloodthecellscalled"helperT-cells"thatwouldnormallymobilisetheimmuneresponsetothevirus.48.ThesewerepurifiedandstuffedwithaformofHIVthathadbeenalteredtocarryamirrorimageor"antisense"versionofamoleculethatenablesittomultiply.Thisgeneticfiddlingdisruptedthereproductionofthevirusinsideinfectedcells. Suchasmallexperimentwasdesignedmerelytoestablishwhethertheapproachwassafe.Buttheresearcherswerepleasantlysurprisedtofindthatthenumberofvirusesineachpatientdropped.Thissuggeststhatthetreatmentwastacklingthediseaseeffectivelyindifficultpatientsforwhomconventionaldrugshadfailed.49.AccordingtoCarlJuneoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniatheirimmunesystemsresponded"asiftheywereonavaccine"anditappearedasthoughtheirbodieswere"vaccinatingthemselves"againstHIV. Theresearchersarenowmovingtothenextphaseofstudywhichwillinvolvemorepatientsincludingthosewhosediseaseisinitsearlystages.50.Iflatertrialsconfirmtheearlypositiveresultsthisapproachcouldproveausefulcomplementtoexistingdrugsorafuturevaccine--andmayevenreplacethem. 50
1interpretthefollowingcartoon. 2possiblereasonsforthephenomenon. 3yourcomments. YouressaymustbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET2.
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.12
Itisanevilinfluenceontheyouthofourcountry.ApoliticiancondemningvideogamingActuallyaclergymandenouncingrockandroll50yearsago.ButthesentimentcouldjustaseasilyhavebeenvoicedbyHillaryClintoninthepastfewweeksassheblamedvideogamesforasilentepidemicofmediadesensitisationandstealingtheinnocenceofourchildren.ThegamingfurorecentersonGrandTheftAuto:SanAndreasapopularandnotoriouslyviolentcopsandrobbersgamethatturnedouttocontainhiddensexscenesthatcouldbeunlockedusingapatchdownloadedfromtheInternet.TheresultingoutcrymostlyfromDemocraticpoliticiansplayingtothecentrecausedthegame’sratinginAmericatobechangedfrommaturewhichmeansyouhavetobe17tobuyittoadultsonlywhichmeansyouhavetobe18butalsomeansthatbigretailerssuchasWal-Martwillnotstockit.AsaresultthegamehasbeenbannedinAustralia;andthisautumnAmerica’sFederalTradeCommissionwillinvestigatethecomplaints.Thatwillgivegaming’sopponentsanopportunitytoventtheirwrathontheindustry.SkepticismofnewmediaisatraditionwithdeeprootsgoingbackatleastasfarasSocratesobjectionstowrittentextsoutlinedinPlato’sPhaedrus.Socratesworriedthatrelyingonwrittentextsratherthantheoraltraditionwouldcreateforgetfulnessinthelearners’soulsbecausetheywillnotusetheirmemories;theywilltrusttotheexternalwrittencharactersandnotrememberofthemselves.Healsoobjectedthatawrittenversionofaspeechwasnosubstitutefortheabilitytointerrogatethespeakersincewhenquestionedthetextalwaysgivesoneunvaryinganswer.Hisobjectioninshortwasthatbookswerenotinteractive.PerhapsSocrateswouldhavethoughtmorehighlyofvideogames.Novelswereonceconsideredtoolow-browforuniversityliteraturecoursesbuteventuallythedisapprovingprofessorsretired.Waltzmusicanddancingwerecondemnedinthe19thcentury;allthattwirlingwasthoughttobeintoxicatinganddepravedandthemusicwasoutlawedinsomeplaces.Todayitishardtoimaginewhatthefusswasabout.AndrockandrollwasthoughttoencourageviolencepromiscuityandsatanismbuttodayevengranniesbuyColdplayalbums.Towhichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthormostlikelyagree
CurrentlytheAmericanarmedforcesarethelargestprofessionalmilitaryontheplanet.Other1haveprofessionalsoldiers2notasmanyastheUnitedStates.Forthousandsofyearsitwas3thatprofessionalsoldiersweresuperiorto4timers.But5mostofhistoryfewnationscould6anarmyofprofessionalsatleastnotonapermanentbasis.Itwasht7thelate20thcenturythatcountriesbeganto8largepermanentall-volunteerarmedforcesthatwerecarefully9andtrainedforcombat.Britainwasthefirstwhenitphasedoutconscriptionin1962.In1975theUnitedStatesfollowed10.Foroveracenturyconscriptionhasbeenseen11thewaytoremain12strongwithoutbreakingthebank.Buttheconscriptsdidnotstayinuniformlongenoughtogetreallygoodatfighting.BritainandAmericanwerethefirsttwonationstorealizethatconscriptionwasso13thatthevoterswouldpayextrato14aprofessionalforce.Withinadecadeanarmyofprofessionalsbeginstopay15.Theprofessionalsarenotonlymore16onthebattlefieldbutarealsoifcarefully17foreducationandaptitudemorelikelytoconstantlydevelopbetterwaysto18Thisproducesatremendousbattlefield19Itdoesn’tmakeyou20butitdoesmakeyouverydifficulttodefeat. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.2
Electionsoftentellyoumoreaboutwhatpeopleareagainstthanwhattheyarefor.SoitiswiththeEuropeanonesthattookplacelastweekinall25EuropeanUnionmembercountries.Theseelectionswidelytrumpetedastheworld’sbiggest-evermultination-aldemocraticvotewerefoughtforthemostpartas25separatenationalcontestswhichmakesittrickytopickoutmanycommonthemes.Butthestrongestareundoubtedlynegative.Europe’svotersareangryanddisillusioned—andtheyhavedemonstratedtheirangeranddisillusioninthreemainways.Themostobviouswasbyabstaining.Theaverageoverallturnoutwasjustover45%bysomemarginthelowesteverrecordedforelectionstotheEuropeanParliament.Andthataveragedisguisessomebigvariations:Italyforexamplenotchedupover70%butSwedenmanagedonly37%.MostdepressingofallatleasttobelieversintheEuropeanprojectwastheextremelylowvoteinmanyofthenewmembercountriesfromcentralEu-ropewhichaccountedforthewholeofthefallinturnoutsince1999.InthebiggestPo-landonlyjustoverafifthoftheelectorateturnedouttovote.OnlyayearagocentralEuropeansvotedinlargenumberstojointheEUwhichtheydidonMay1st.ThattheyabstainedinsuchlargenumbersintheEuropeanelectionspointstoearlydisillusionwiththeEuropeanUnion—aswellastoawidespreadfeelingsharedintheoldmembercountriesaswellthattheEuropeanParliamentdoesnotmatter.DisillusionwithEuropewasalsoabigfactorinthesecondwayinwhichvoterspro-testedwhichwasbysupportingaragbagofpopulistnationalistandexplicitlyanti-EUparties.Theserangedfromthe16%whobackedtheUKIndependencePartywhosedeclaredpolicyistowithdrawfromtheEUandwhoseleadersseetheirmissionaswrecking’’theEuropeanParliamenttothe14%whovotedforSweden’sJunelistandthe27%ofPoleswhobackedoneoftwoanti-EUpartiestheLeagueofCatholicFamiliesandSelfdefence.TheseresultshavereturnedmanymoreEuroscepticsandtrouble-makerstotheparliament:onsomemeasuresoveraquarterofthenewMEPSwillbelongtotheawkwardsquad.ThatisnotabadthinghoweverforitwillmaketheparliamentmorerepresentativeofEuropeanpublicopinion.ButitisthethirdtargetofEuropeanvoters’irethatisperhapsthemostimmediatelysignificant:thefactthatinmanyEUcountriesoldandnewtheychosetovoteheavilyagainsttheirowngovernments.Thisanti-incumbentvotewasstrongalmosteverywherebutitwasmostpronouncedinBritaintheCzechRepublicGermanyPolandandSweden.TheleadersofallthefourbiggestEuropeanUnioncountriesTonyBlairinBritainJacquesChiracinFranceGerhardSchroderinGermanyandSilvioBerlusconiinItalywereeachgivenabloodynosebytheirvoters.ThebigquestionnowishowEurope’sleadersshouldrespondtothis.ByasublimeorterriblecoincidencesoonaftertheelectionsandjustasTheEconomistwasgoingtopresstheyweregatheringinBrusselsforacrucialsummitatwhichtheyareduetoagreeanewconstitutionaltreatyfortheEUandtoselectanewpresidentfortheEuropeanCommission.GoingintothemeetingmostEUheadsofgovernmentseemeddeterminedtopressaheadwiththisagendaregardlessoftheEuropeanelections—eventhoughtheatmosphereaftertheresultsmaymakeitharderforthemtostrikedeals.Itisimpliedintheconcludingparagraphthat______.
Electionsoftentellyoumoreaboutwhatpeopleareagainstthanwhattheyarefor.SoitiswiththeEuropeanonesthattookplacelastweekinall25EuropeanUnionmembercountries.Theseelectionswidelytrumpetedastheworld’sbiggest-evermultination-aldemocraticvotewerefoughtforthemostpartas25separatenationalcontestswhichmakesittrickytopickoutmanycommonthemes.Butthestrongestareundoubtedlynegative.Europe’svotersareangryanddisillusioned—andtheyhavedemonstratedtheirangeranddisillusioninthreemainways.Themostobviouswasbyabstaining.Theaverageoverallturnoutwasjustover45%bysomemarginthelowesteverrecordedforelectionstotheEuropeanParliament.Andthataveragedisguisessomebigvariations:Italyforexamplenotchedupover70%butSwedenmanagedonly37%.MostdepressingofallatleasttobelieversintheEuropeanprojectwastheextremelylowvoteinmanyofthenewmembercountriesfromcentralEu-ropewhichaccountedforthewholeofthefallinturnoutsince1999.InthebiggestPo-landonlyjustoverafifthoftheelectorateturnedouttovote.OnlyayearagocentralEuropeansvotedinlargenumberstojointheEUwhichtheydidonMay1st.ThattheyabstainedinsuchlargenumbersintheEuropeanelectionspointstoearlydisillusionwiththeEuropeanUnion—aswellastoawidespreadfeelingsharedintheoldmembercountriesaswellthattheEuropeanParliamentdoesnotmatter.DisillusionwithEuropewasalsoabigfactorinthesecondwayinwhichvoterspro-testedwhichwasbysupportingaragbagofpopulistnationalistandexplicitlyanti-EUparties.Theserangedfromthe16%whobackedtheUKIndependencePartywhosedeclaredpolicyistowithdrawfromtheEUandwhoseleadersseetheirmissionaswrecking’’theEuropeanParliamenttothe14%whovotedforSweden’sJunelistandthe27%ofPoleswhobackedoneoftwoanti-EUpartiestheLeagueofCatholicFamiliesandSelfdefence.TheseresultshavereturnedmanymoreEuroscepticsandtrouble-makerstotheparliament:onsomemeasuresoveraquarterofthenewMEPSwillbelongtotheawkwardsquad.ThatisnotabadthinghoweverforitwillmaketheparliamentmorerepresentativeofEuropeanpublicopinion.ButitisthethirdtargetofEuropeanvoters’irethatisperhapsthemostimmediatelysignificant:thefactthatinmanyEUcountriesoldandnewtheychosetovoteheavilyagainsttheirowngovernments.Thisanti-incumbentvotewasstrongalmosteverywherebutitwasmostpronouncedinBritaintheCzechRepublicGermanyPolandandSweden.TheleadersofallthefourbiggestEuropeanUnioncountriesTonyBlairinBritainJacquesChiracinFranceGerhardSchroderinGermanyandSilvioBerlusconiinItalywereeachgivenabloodynosebytheirvoters.ThebigquestionnowishowEurope’sleadersshouldrespondtothis.ByasublimeorterriblecoincidencesoonaftertheelectionsandjustasTheEconomistwasgoingtopresstheyweregatheringinBrusselsforacrucialsummitatwhichtheyareduetoagreeanewconstitutionaltreatyfortheEUandtoselectanewpresidentfortheEuropeanCommission.GoingintothemeetingmostEUheadsofgovernmentseemeddeterminedtopressaheadwiththisagendaregardlessoftheEuropeanelections—eventhoughtheatmosphereaftertheresultsmaymakeitharderforthemtostrikedeals.Therelationshipbetweentheopeningparagraphandtherestoftextisthat______.
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.10
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.4
AmongthecelebratedpantheonofHollywoodroyaltyfewareaswell-respectedanduniversallyadoredasGregoryPeck.Formorethanfiftyyearshehasbeenamajorpresenceinthetheaterontelevisionandmostimportantlyonthebigscreen.41______AsGeneralMacArthurMelville’sCaptainAhabandAtticusFinchhehaspresentedaudienceswithcompellingstoriesofstrengthandmasculinity. EldredGregoryPeckwasbornonApril51916inLaJollaCalifornia.Bythetimehewassixhisparentshaddivorced.Foranumberofyearshelivedwithhismaternalgrandmotherbutattheageoftenwas’senttoSt.John’sMilitaryAcademyinLosAngeles.Thefouryearshespenttherewereimportantinforminghissenseofpersonaldiscipline.AftertheAcademyhereturnedtolivewithhisfatheralocalpharmacistandtoattendpublichighschool. 42______.Therehisabilitieswerealmostimmediatelyrecognized.In1942PeckmadehisdebutonBroadwaywithTheMorningStar.ThoughmanyofhisearlyplaysweredoomedtoshortrunsitseemedclearthatPeckwasdestinedforsomethingbigger.In1944that"somethingbigger"arrivedintheformofhisfirsttwo HollywoodrolesasVladimirinDaysofGloryandFatherFrancisChisholminTheKeysoftheKingdom. 43______.ThisearlysuccessprovidedhimtherareopportunityofworkingwiththebestdirectorsinHollywood.OverthenextthreeyearsheappearedinAlfredHitchcock’sSpellbound1945KingVidor’sDuelintheSun1946andEtiaKazan’sGentleman’sAgreement1947.DespiteconcernsoverpublicacceptanceofthelastoneameditationonAmericananti-SemitismitsurprisedmanybywinninganOscarforBestPictureandanominationforBestActor.ThissuccessseemednotonlyavalidationofPeck’sabilitiesasanartistbutofhismoralconvictionsaswell. 44______.Toughandcaringhewasthequintessentialmid-centuryAmericanman—thegood-lookingromanticleadacrossfromAudreyHepburnaswellastheruggedWorldWar1Ibombercommander.Formanytheactorandthecharactersheportrayedwereinseparable;theauthorityofhispassionateyetfirmdemeanorwasattractivetopost-warAmericanswholongedforamorestabletime. 45______. WhilecontinuingtoactontelevisionandinHollywoodthroughoutthe19805and19905Peckhasfocusedmuchofhisenergyonspendingtimewithhiswifechildrenandgrandchildren.ForPecklifeasafatherandasapublicfigurehavebeeninseparable;hewassimultaneouslyamajorvoiceagainsttheVietnamwarwhileremainingapatrioticsupporterofbissonwhowasfightingthere.IfyearsofbreathinglifeintocharacterssuchasCaptainKeithMalloryandGeneralMacArthurtaughthimanythingitwasthatlifeduringwartimewasprofoundlycomplex;andrarelybastherebeenatimefreefromwarorstruggle.InhismorethanfiftyfilmsPeckhascontinuallyattemptedtoinvestigatethesecomplexstrugglesandindoingsohascreatedalibraryofstoriesthatshedlightonhumanpossibilityandsocialreality. [A]Thoughanamiableandfun-lovingmanathomePeck’ssternpresencemadehimoneofthescreen’sgreatpatriarchs. [B]FormanyPeckisasymboloftheAmericanmanathisbest—apillarofmoralcourageandaconstantdefenderoftraditionalvalues. [C]Duringthe19605and19705PeckcontinuedtochallengehimselfasanactorappearinginthrillerswarfilmswesternsandinbisbestknownfilmToKillAMockingbird1962.BasedonthebookbyHarperLeeToKillAMockingbirdaddressesproblemsofracismandnoraljusticeinpersonalandpowerfulways.AsAtticnsFinchalawyerinasmallSoutherntownPeckcreatedacharacterthatremainsagreatexampleofanindividual’sstruggleforhumanitywithindeeplyinhumaneconditions.ItseemsclearhoweverthatthereasonforPeck’sconstantassertionthatToKillAMockingbirdishisbestandfavoritefihnwasthefilm’sattentiontothelivesofchildrenandtheimportanceoffamily. [D]GregoryPeckpassedawayonJune12th2003attheageof87. [E]WhileDaysofGlorywascoollyreceivedhisroleasthetaciturnScottishmissionaryinTheKeysoftheKingdomwasaresoundingtriumphandbroughthimhisfirstOs-carnominationforBestActor. [F]AftergraduatingPeckenrolledattheUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley.Greatlyinfluencedbyhisfather’sdesiresforhimtobeadoctorPeckbeganasapremedstudent.Bythetimehewasaseniorhoweverhefoundhisrealintereststobeinwritingandacting.Peeksoonrealizedthathehadanaturalgiftasbothanexpressiveactorandastoryteller.Aftergraduatingin1939hechangedhisnamefromE1dredtoGregoryandmovedtoNewYork. [G]At85Peckturnedhisattentionbacktowherehegothisstartthestage.Hetraveledthecountryvisitingsmallplayhousesandcollegesspeakingabouthislifeandexperiencesasafatheracelebrityandasanactor. 44
Operatingasinglecurrencyisnotgoingtobeeasy.Europeaneconomicand1unionwillnotfunction2hitches.3signsof4havealreadyappeared.Andthesepoliticaleconomicandsocialpressureswillalmostcertainly5intheyearstocome. 6EMUfailureisatopicgenerally7incontinentalEurope.Andforgoodreason.The8ofmonetaryunionwouldalmostcertainlyslamtheEuropeanUnion9political10andtheworldinto11crisis."Itwouldbealmostasbadasa12inEurope"saysUweAngenendtchiefeconomist13BHF-BankinFrankfurt.The14contendEMUfailureisnotpossible.They15insistthatthepolitical16inEuropeformonetaryunionissimply17strongtoallow18tofail.Butthey19asimplefact:European20concoctedmonetaryunionandthere-foretheycanunconcoctit. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.14
AmongthecelebratedpantheonofHollywoodroyaltyfewareaswell-respectedanduniversallyadoredasGregoryPeck.Formorethanfiftyyearshehasbeenamajorpresenceinthetheaterontelevisionandmostimportantlyonthebigscreen.41______AsGeneralMacArthurMelville’sCaptainAhabandAtticusFinchhehaspresentedaudienceswithcompellingstoriesofstrengthandmasculinity. EldredGregoryPeckwasbornonApril51916inLaJollaCalifornia.Bythetimehewassixhisparentshaddivorced.Foranumberofyearshelivedwithhismaternalgrandmotherbutattheageoftenwas’senttoSt.John’sMilitaryAcademyinLosAngeles.Thefouryearshespenttherewereimportantinforminghissenseofpersonaldiscipline.AftertheAcademyhereturnedtolivewithhisfatheralocalpharmacistandtoattendpublichighschool. 42______.Therehisabilitieswerealmostimmediatelyrecognized.In1942PeckmadehisdebutonBroadwaywithTheMorningStar.ThoughmanyofhisearlyplaysweredoomedtoshortrunsitseemedclearthatPeckwasdestinedforsomethingbigger.In1944that"somethingbigger"arrivedintheformofhisfirsttwo HollywoodrolesasVladimirinDaysofGloryandFatherFrancisChisholminTheKeysoftheKingdom. 43______.ThisearlysuccessprovidedhimtherareopportunityofworkingwiththebestdirectorsinHollywood.OverthenextthreeyearsheappearedinAlfredHitchcock’sSpellbound1945KingVidor’sDuelintheSun1946andEtiaKazan’sGentleman’sAgreement1947.DespiteconcernsoverpublicacceptanceofthelastoneameditationonAmericananti-SemitismitsurprisedmanybywinninganOscarforBestPictureandanominationforBestActor.ThissuccessseemednotonlyavalidationofPeck’sabilitiesasanartistbutofhismoralconvictionsaswell. 44______.Toughandcaringhewasthequintessentialmid-centuryAmericanman—thegood-lookingromanticleadacrossfromAudreyHepburnaswellastheruggedWorldWar1Ibombercommander.Formanytheactorandthecharactersheportrayedwereinseparable;theauthorityofhispassionateyetfirmdemeanorwasattractivetopost-warAmericanswholongedforamorestabletime. 45______. WhilecontinuingtoactontelevisionandinHollywoodthroughoutthe19805and19905Peckhasfocusedmuchofhisenergyonspendingtimewithhiswifechildrenandgrandchildren.ForPecklifeasafatherandasapublicfigurehavebeeninseparable;hewassimultaneouslyamajorvoiceagainsttheVietnamwarwhileremainingapatrioticsupporterofbissonwhowasfightingthere.IfyearsofbreathinglifeintocharacterssuchasCaptainKeithMalloryandGeneralMacArthurtaughthimanythingitwasthatlifeduringwartimewasprofoundlycomplex;andrarelybastherebeenatimefreefromwarorstruggle.InhismorethanfiftyfilmsPeckhascontinuallyattemptedtoinvestigatethesecomplexstrugglesandindoingsohascreatedalibraryofstoriesthatshedlightonhumanpossibilityandsocialreality. [A]Thoughanamiableandfun-lovingmanathomePeck’ssternpresencemadehimoneofthescreen’sgreatpatriarchs. [B]FormanyPeckisasymboloftheAmericanmanathisbest—apillarofmoralcourageandaconstantdefenderoftraditionalvalues. [C]Duringthe19605and19705PeckcontinuedtochallengehimselfasanactorappearinginthrillerswarfilmswesternsandinbisbestknownfilmToKillAMockingbird1962.BasedonthebookbyHarperLeeToKillAMockingbirdaddressesproblemsofracismandnoraljusticeinpersonalandpowerfulways.AsAtticnsFinchalawyerinasmallSoutherntownPeckcreatedacharacterthatremainsagreatexampleofanindividual’sstruggleforhumanitywithindeeplyinhumaneconditions.ItseemsclearhoweverthatthereasonforPeck’sconstantassertionthatToKillAMockingbirdishisbestandfavoritefihnwasthefilm’sattentiontothelivesofchildrenandtheimportanceoffamily. [D]GregoryPeckpassedawayonJune12th2003attheageof87. [E]WhileDaysofGlorywascoollyreceivedhisroleasthetaciturnScottishmissionaryinTheKeysoftheKingdomwasaresoundingtriumphandbroughthimhisfirstOs-carnominationforBestActor. [F]AftergraduatingPeckenrolledattheUniversityofCaliforniaBerkeley.Greatlyinfluencedbyhisfather’sdesiresforhimtobeadoctorPeckbeganasapremedstudent.Bythetimehewasaseniorhoweverhefoundhisrealintereststobeinwritingandacting.Peeksoonrealizedthathehadanaturalgiftasbothanexpressiveactorandastoryteller.Aftergraduatingin1939hechangedhisnamefromE1dredtoGregoryandmovedtoNewYork. [G]At85Peckturnedhisattentionbacktowherehegothisstartthestage.Hetraveledthecountryvisitingsmallplayhousesandcollegesspeakingabouthislifeandexperiencesasafatheracelebrityandasanactor. 42
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