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德育的实质是（）。
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德育的教育性功能的实现实质上是整个教育活动精神本质的实现
德育的实质就是把一定社会的_____转化为受教育者的．
德育实施过程中道德与德育理论德育内容德育手段德育方法德育途径某种组合方式即称为
德育模式
德育策略
德育类型
德育形式
是德育目标的具体化是完成德育任务实现德育目的的重要保证
德育规律
德育内容
德育原则
德育方法
广义德育包括
社会德育
社区德育
学校德育
家庭德育
环境德育
德育的形式有
家庭德育
学校德育
区域德育
社会德育
民族德育
德育的实质就是把一定社会的______转化为受教育者的______
德育实质上就是政治教育
德育过程由教育者受教育者和四个相互制约的要素构成
德育内容 德育途径
德育内容 德育方法
德育原则 德育方法
德育方法 德育途径
德育的形式有
家庭德育
学校德育
区域德育
社会德育
民族德育
德育的实质是育德
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ItwasthenightofthefullmoonatimewhichalwaysdrivesJava’syoungpeoplemadwithexcitement. Fireworkswerelitlongbeforethemoon1.Thebignoisebroughtpeopleout2thewarmnighttoenjoytheinterestingscene.Everywheretherewerethepaperremainsof3fire-workslyingontheground.Littleboys4moreandcoveredtheirearsastheywaited5fortheexplosions. Themoonappearedabovethehorizon地平线:huge6ballhighabovethecityandthe7filledwithpeopleasJavabegantoenjoyoneoftheyear’sgreatest8:’theNightoftheFullMoon’afestival节日thatisespeciallypopular9youngpeople. MoreandmoreyoungJavanese.10togetherandwalkedslowlythroughthe11jokingandchattingtheymovedtowardsthemountain12thecity.Theycontinuedtoclimb13theyreachedtheoldtemple寺庙atthe14ofthemountain. Aftertheywere15thetempletheydranktheirwaterandatetheirmoon-cakes—delicioushome-madeones16ofdriedfruitandnuts.Outsideonthemountainyoungpeople.17cross-leggedincircleschattingandtellingeachotherjokes.And18intheirhundredsmoreyoungpeoplecontinuedtomaketheirwayupthemountainto19thebrightlyshiningmoon. Bymidnightthefireworkshadstoppedshootingupfromthe20cityinthevalleybelowthem.Butduringthenightthesoundcontinuedtobeheardfromthedistance. 7
B Treesshouldonlybepruned修剪whenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoandfortunatelythenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvescuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranchesandtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreestogrowintheirownways. Firstpruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheightandatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondlypruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutoutdiseasedordeadwoodorbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausingwounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair. Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseasesbutitisawoundthatwillheal愈合.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordieorthatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducetheriskasfaraspossible.Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandcleanforhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetdryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinterforthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetreeclearlywithouttheinterference妨碍fromtheleavesanditistooveryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappenitisofcourseimpossibletopaintthemproperly. Treesbecomeunhealthyifthegardener
ItwasthenightofthefullmoonatimewhichalwaysdrivesJava’syoungpeoplemadwithexcitement. Fireworkswerelitlongbeforethemoon1.Thebignoisebroughtpeopleout2thewarmnighttoenjoytheinterestingscene.Everywheretherewerethepaperremainsof3fire-workslyingontheground.Littleboys4moreandcoveredtheirearsastheywaited5fortheexplosions. Themoonappearedabovethehorizon地平线:huge6ballhighabovethecityandthe7filledwithpeopleasJavabegantoenjoyoneoftheyear’sgreatest8:’theNightoftheFullMoon’afestival节日thatisespeciallypopular9youngpeople. MoreandmoreyoungJavanese.10togetherandwalkedslowlythroughthe11jokingandchattingtheymovedtowardsthemountain12thecity.Theycontinuedtoclimb13theyreachedtheoldtemple寺庙atthe14ofthemountain. Aftertheywere15thetempletheydranktheirwaterandatetheirmoon-cakes—delicioushome-madeones16ofdriedfruitandnuts.Outsideonthemountainyoungpeople.17cross-leggedincircleschattingandtellingeachotherjokes.And18intheirhundredsmoreyoungpeoplecontinuedtomaketheirwayupthemountainto19thebrightlyshiningmoon. Bymidnightthefireworkshadstoppedshootingupfromthe20cityinthevalleybelowthem.Butduringthenightthesoundcontinuedtobeheardfromthedistance. 9
D Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflation通货膨胀Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvaluehoweverhightheinterestrateis.OnlyabravemanoraveryrichonedarestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavingsandevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclockswhichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques. Isometimeswonderwhatabeingfromanotherplanetmightreportbackaboutourwayoflife."TheplanetEarthisruledbyamysteriouscreaturethatsitsorstandsinaroomandmakesastrangetickingsound.Ithasafacewithtwelveblackmarksandtwohands.Mencandonothingwithoutitspermissionanditfastensitsyoungroundpeople’swristssothateverywheremengotheyarestillunderitscontrol.ThiscreatureistherealmasterofEarthandmenareitsslaves." Whetherornotweareslavesoftimetodaydependsonourcultureandpersonalitybutitisbelievedthatmanyyearsagokingskeptspecialslavestotellthetime.Certainmenwereverycleveratmeasuringthetimeofdayaccordingtothebeatingoftheirownhearts.Theyweremadetostandinafixedplaceandeveryhourorsowouldshoutthetime.Soitseemsthatthefirstclockswerehumanbeings. Howevermenquicklyfoundmoreconvenientandreliablewaysoftellingthetime.Theylearnedtousetheshadowscastbythesun.Theymarkedthehoursoncandlesusedsandinhour-glassesandinventedwater-clocks.Indeedanyseriousstudentofantiquesshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalacesstatelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast. Antiqueclockscouldbeveryexpensivebutoneofthejoysofcollectingclocksisthatitisstillpossibletofindquitecheaponesforyourownhome.Afterallifyouaregoingtoberuledbythetimewhynotinvestinairantiqueclockandperhapsmakeafutureprofit TheunderlinedphrasestatelyhomesinParagraph4means
ItwasthenightofthefullmoonatimewhichalwaysdrivesJava’syoungpeoplemadwithexcitement. Fireworkswerelitlongbeforethemoon1.Thebignoisebroughtpeopleout2thewarmnighttoenjoytheinterestingscene.Everywheretherewerethepaperremainsof3fire-workslyingontheground.Littleboys4moreandcoveredtheirearsastheywaited5fortheexplosions. Themoonappearedabovethehorizon地平线:huge6ballhighabovethecityandthe7filledwithpeopleasJavabegantoenjoyoneoftheyear’sgreatest8:’theNightoftheFullMoon’afestival节日thatisespeciallypopular9youngpeople. MoreandmoreyoungJavanese.10togetherandwalkedslowlythroughthe11jokingandchattingtheymovedtowardsthemountain12thecity.Theycontinuedtoclimb13theyreachedtheoldtemple寺庙atthe14ofthemountain. Aftertheywere15thetempletheydranktheirwaterandatetheirmoon-cakes—delicioushome-madeones16ofdriedfruitandnuts.Outsideonthemountainyoungpeople.17cross-leggedincircleschattingandtellingeachotherjokes.And18intheirhundredsmoreyoungpeoplecontinuedtomaketheirwayupthemountainto19thebrightlyshiningmoon. Bymidnightthefireworkshadstoppedshootingupfromthe20cityinthevalleybelowthem.Butduringthenightthesoundcontinuedtobeheardfromthedistance. 15
人际关系的功能主要体现在哪些方面
B Treesshouldonlybepruned修剪whenthereisagoodandclearreasonfordoingsoandfortunatelythenumberofsuchreasonsissmall.Pruninginvolvescuttingawayofovergrownandunwantedbranchesandtheinexperiencedgardenercanbeencouragedbythethoughtthatmoredamageresultsfromdoingitunnecessarilythanfromleavingthetreestogrowintheirownways. Firstpruningmaybedonetomakesurethattreeshaveadesiredshapeorsize.Theobjectmaybetogetatreeoftherightheightandatthesametimetohelpthegrowthofsmallsidebrancheswhichwillthickenitsappearanceorgiveitaspecialshape.Secondlypruningmaybedonetomakethetreehealthier.Youmaycutoutdiseasedordeadwoodorbranchesthatarerubbingagainsteachotherandthuscausingwounds.Thehealthofatreemaybeencouragedbyremovingthebranchesthatarelockingupthecentreandsopreventingthefreemovementofair. Oneresultofpruningisthatanopenwouldisleftonthetreeandthisprovidesaneasyentryfordiseasesbutitisawoundthatwillheal愈合.Oftenthereisaracebetweenthehealingandthediseaseastowhetherthetreewillliveordieorthatthereisaperiodwhenthetreeisatrisk.Itshouldbetheaimofeverygardenertoreducetheriskasfaraspossible.Itisessentialtomaketheareawhichhasbeenprunedsmoothandcleanforhealingwillbesloweddownbyroughness.Youshouldallowthecutsurfacetdryforafewhoursandthenpaintitwithoneofthesubstancesavailablefromgardenshopsproducedespeciallyforthispurpose.Pruningisusuallydoneinwinterforthenyoucanseetheshapeofthetreeclearlywithouttheinterference妨碍fromtheleavesanditistooveryunlikelythatthecutsyoumakewillbleed.Ifthisdoeshappenitisofcourseimpossibletopaintthemproperly. Agoodgardenerprunesatree
C Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydayliveswementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermoftheirstatuses.Forexamplewemustjudgewhetherthepeopleinlibraryisareaderoralibrarianwhetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesmanwhethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreaderandsoon. Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounterandchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscanatveryhighspeedassumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothersmostofusperformitrathereffortlessly. Statuseshasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimitsthebuyercanchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyfitaswellasbyourpocket-boob.Havingmadeachoicefromminoradjustmentswetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreschoiceamongthemislimited. Inthefirstparagraphthewritertellsusthatstatusescanhelpus
E Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcausessnowblindnenss.Yetdarkglassesornottheyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyesandevensnowblindnesswhenex-posedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight". TheUnitedStatesarmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcausesnowblindnessintroopsinasnow-coveredcountry.Ratheraman’seyesfrequentlyfindnothingtofocusoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnow-coveredterrain.Sohisgazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchofsomethingtolookat.Findingnothinghourafterhourtheeyesneverstopsearchingandtheeyeballsbecomesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandfluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballinincreasingquantityuntilvisionblursthenisobservedandtheresultistotaleventhoughtemporarysnowblindness. Experimentsledthearmytoasimplemethodofovercomingthisproblem.Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushescreatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnow-coveredlandscape.Eventhescoutsthemselvesthrowlightweightdarkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoocanfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething.Theirgazeisarrested.Theireyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtoseestopscouringthesnow-blanketedlanscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatimethemencancrossthesnowwithoutbecominghopelesslysnowblindorlost.Inthiswaytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovercome. Topreventheadacheswateringeyesandblindnesscausedbytheglarefromsnowdarkglassesare
D Howshouldoneinvestasumofmoneyinthesedaysofinflation通货膨胀Leftinabankitwillhardlykeepitsvaluehoweverhightheinterestrateis.OnlyabravemanoraveryrichonedarestobuyandsellontheStockMarket.Todayitseemsthatoneofthebestwaystoprotectyoursavingsandevenincreaseyourwealthistobuybeautifulobjectsfromthepast.HereIamgoingtooffersomeadviceoncollectingantiqueclockswhichIpersonallyconsiderareamongthemostinterestingofantiques. Isometimeswonderwhatabeingfromanotherplanetmightreportbackaboutourwayoflife."TheplanetEarthisruledbyamysteriouscreaturethatsitsorstandsinaroomandmakesastrangetickingsound.Ithasafacewithtwelveblackmarksandtwohands.Mencandonothingwithoutitspermissionanditfastensitsyoungroundpeople’swristssothateverywheremengotheyarestillunderitscontrol.ThiscreatureistherealmasterofEarthandmenareitsslaves." Whetherornotweareslavesoftimetodaydependsonourcultureandpersonalitybutitisbelievedthatmanyyearsagokingskeptspecialslavestotellthetime.Certainmenwereverycleveratmeasuringthetimeofdayaccordingtothebeatingoftheirownhearts.Theyweremadetostandinafixedplaceandeveryhourorsowouldshoutthetime.Soitseemsthatthefirstclockswerehumanbeings. Howevermenquicklyfoundmoreconvenientandreliablewaysoftellingthetime.Theylearnedtousetheshadowscastbythesun.Theymarkedthehoursoncandlesusedsandinhour-glassesandinventedwater-clocks.Indeedanyseriousstudentofantiquesshouldspendasmuchtimeaspossiblevisitingpalacesstatelyhomesandmuseumstoseesomeofthefinestexamplesofclocksfromthepast. Antiqueclockscouldbeveryexpensivebutoneofthejoysofcollectingclocksisthatitisstillpossibletofindquitecheaponesforyourownhome.Afterallifyouaregoingtoberuledbythetimewhynotinvestinairantiqueclockandperhapsmakeafutureprofit Byquoting引用theremarkofabeingfromanotherplanettheauthorintendsto
Someadvancedmaterialsareanoldstandardwithanewtwist.Thenewestfiberopticcablesthatcarrytelephonecallscross-countryaremadeofglasssotransparentthatapieceof100milesthickisclearerthanastandardwindowpane.
C Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydayliveswementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermoftheirstatuses.Forexamplewemustjudgewhetherthepeopleinlibraryisareaderoralibrarianwhetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesmanwhethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreaderandsoon. Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounterandchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscanatveryhighspeedassumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothersmostofusperformitrathereffortlessly. Statuseshasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimitsthebuyercanchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyfitaswellasbyourpocket-boob.Havingmadeachoicefromminoradjustmentswetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreschoiceamongthemislimited. BysayingthatanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprinceLines23Para.3thewritermeans
普通中小学教育的性质是
—Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer—ActuallyIdidn’tlike______.
在实施中小学继续教育工程中要把放在突出地位
—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation—Idon’tmindwherewego______there’ssunseaandbeach．
ItwasthenightofthefullmoonatimewhichalwaysdrivesJava’syoungpeoplemadwithexcitement. Fireworkswerelitlongbeforethemoon1.Thebignoisebroughtpeopleout2thewarmnighttoenjoytheinterestingscene.Everywheretherewerethepaperremainsof3fire-workslyingontheground.Littleboys4moreandcoveredtheirearsastheywaited5fortheexplosions. Themoonappearedabovethehorizon地平线:huge6ballhighabovethecityandthe7filledwithpeopleasJavabegantoenjoyoneoftheyear’sgreatest8:’theNightoftheFullMoon’afestival节日thatisespeciallypopular9youngpeople. MoreandmoreyoungJavanese.10togetherandwalkedslowlythroughthe11jokingandchattingtheymovedtowardsthemountain12thecity.Theycontinuedtoclimb13theyreachedtheoldtemple寺庙atthe14ofthemountain. Aftertheywere15thetempletheydranktheirwaterandatetheirmoon-cakes—delicioushome-madeones16ofdriedfruitandnuts.Outsideonthemountainyoungpeople.17cross-leggedincircleschattingandtellingeachotherjokes.And18intheirhundredsmoreyoungpeoplecontinuedtomaketheirwayupthemountainto19thebrightlyshiningmoon. Bymidnightthefireworkshadstoppedshootingupfromthe20cityinthevalleybelowthem.Butduringthenightthesoundcontinuedtobeheardfromthedistance. 11
ItwasthenightofthefullmoonatimewhichalwaysdrivesJava’syoungpeoplemadwithexcitement. Fireworkswerelitlongbeforethemoon1.Thebignoisebroughtpeopleout2thewarmnighttoenjoytheinterestingscene.Everywheretherewerethepaperremainsof3fire-workslyingontheground.Littleboys4moreandcoveredtheirearsastheywaited5fortheexplosions. Themoonappearedabovethehorizon地平线:huge6ballhighabovethecityandthe7filledwithpeopleasJavabegantoenjoyoneoftheyear’sgreatest8:’theNightoftheFullMoon’afestival节日thatisespeciallypopular9youngpeople. MoreandmoreyoungJavanese.10togetherandwalkedslowlythroughthe11jokingandchattingtheymovedtowardsthemountain12thecity.Theycontinuedtoclimb13theyreachedtheoldtemple寺庙atthe14ofthemountain. Aftertheywere15thetempletheydranktheirwaterandatetheirmoon-cakes—delicioushome-madeones16ofdriedfruitandnuts.Outsideonthemountainyoungpeople.17cross-leggedincircleschattingandtellingeachotherjokes.And18intheirhundredsmoreyoungpeoplecontinuedtomaketheirwayupthemountainto19thebrightlyshiningmoon. Bymidnightthefireworkshadstoppedshootingupfromthe20cityinthevalleybelowthem.Butduringthenightthesoundcontinuedtobeheardfromthedistance. 19
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ItwasthenightofthefullmoonatimewhichalwaysdrivesJava’syoungpeoplemadwithexcitement. Fireworkswerelitlongbeforethemoon1.Thebignoisebroughtpeopleout2thewarmnighttoenjoytheinterestingscene.Everywheretherewerethepaperremainsof3fire-workslyingontheground.Littleboys4moreandcoveredtheirearsastheywaited5fortheexplosions. Themoonappearedabovethehorizon地平线:huge6ballhighabovethecityandthe7filledwithpeopleasJavabegantoenjoyoneoftheyear’sgreatest8:’theNightoftheFullMoon’afestival节日thatisespeciallypopular9youngpeople. MoreandmoreyoungJavanese.10togetherandwalkedslowlythroughthe11jokingandchattingtheymovedtowardsthemountain12thecity.Theycontinuedtoclimb13theyreachedtheoldtemple寺庙atthe14ofthemountain. Aftertheywere15thetempletheydranktheirwaterandatetheirmoon-cakes—delicioushome-madeones16ofdriedfruitandnuts.Outsideonthemountainyoungpeople.17cross-leggedincircleschattingandtellingeachotherjokes.And18intheirhundredsmoreyoungpeoplecontinuedtomaketheirwayupthemountainto19thebrightlyshiningmoon. Bymidnightthefireworkshadstoppedshootingupfromthe20cityinthevalleybelowthem.Butduringthenightthesoundcontinuedtobeheardfromthedistance. 17
ItssomewhatambitioustitlewasTheBookofLifeanditattemptedtoshowhowmuchanobservantmanmightlearnbyanaccurateandsystematicexaminationofallthatcameinhisway.
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A Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdiseases.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbeforeeverydaywewitnessthein-credibleslaughterofmenwomenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotorcar!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopleovertheworldarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen. Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheelhiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebe-hindasteering-wheel.Theysweartheyareill-manneredandaggressivewillfulastwo-year-oldsandutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrationsdisappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving. Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessobenignlyonthemotoristandseemstocondonehisbehaviour.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistictobeconvenientlyforgotten. Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodrivingthelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofsomeofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefarmoredifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstringentannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglawswheretheyexistshouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.GovernmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationsformanufacturersashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbe’consideredassevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afteralltheworldisforhumanbeingsnotmotorcars. Theattitudeoftheauthoris
墨子的教育思想中除注重文史知识的掌握和逻辑思维能力的培养外还包括
A Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdiseases.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbeforeeverydaywewitnessthein-credibleslaughterofmenwomenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotorcar!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopleovertheworldarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen. Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheelhiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebe-hindasteering-wheel.Theysweartheyareill-manneredandaggressivewillfulastwo-year-oldsandutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrationsdisappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving. Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessobenignlyonthemotoristandseemstocondonehisbehaviour.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistictobeconvenientlyforgotten. Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodrivingthelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofsomeofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefarmoredifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstringentannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglawswheretheyexistshouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.GovernmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationsformanufacturersashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbe’consideredassevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afteralltheworldisforhumanbeingsnotmotorcars. Whydoestheauthorsaythathiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality
ItwasthenightofthefullmoonatimewhichalwaysdrivesJava’syoungpeoplemadwithexcitement. Fireworkswerelitlongbeforethemoon1.Thebignoisebroughtpeopleout2thewarmnighttoenjoytheinterestingscene.Everywheretherewerethepaperremainsof3fire-workslyingontheground.Littleboys4moreandcoveredtheirearsastheywaited5fortheexplosions. Themoonappearedabovethehorizon地平线:huge6ballhighabovethecityandthe7filledwithpeopleasJavabegantoenjoyoneoftheyear’sgreatest8:’theNightoftheFullMoon’afestival节日thatisespeciallypopular9youngpeople. MoreandmoreyoungJavanese.10togetherandwalkedslowlythroughthe11jokingandchattingtheymovedtowardsthemountain12thecity.Theycontinuedtoclimb13theyreachedtheoldtemple寺庙atthe14ofthemountain. Aftertheywere15thetempletheydranktheirwaterandatetheirmoon-cakes—delicioushome-madeones16ofdriedfruitandnuts.Outsideonthemountainyoungpeople.17cross-leggedincircleschattingandtellingeachotherjokes.And18intheirhundredsmoreyoungpeoplecontinuedtomaketheirwayupthemountainto19thebrightlyshiningmoon. Bymidnightthefireworkshadstoppedshootingupfromthe20cityinthevalleybelowthem.Butduringthenightthesoundcontinuedtobeheardfromthedistance. 13
C Statusesaremarveloushumaninventionsthatenableustogetalongwithoneanotherandtodeterminewherewe"fit"insociety.Aswegoaboutoureverydayliveswementallyattempttoplacepeopleintermoftheirstatuses.Forexamplewemustjudgewhetherthepeopleinlibraryisareaderoralibrarianwhetherthetelephonecallerisafriendorasalesmanwhethertheunfamiliarpersononourpropertyisathieforameterreaderandsoon. Thestatusesweassumeoftenvarywiththepeopleweencounterandchangethroughoutlife.Mostofuscanatveryhighspeedassumethestatusesthatvarioussituationsrequire.Muchofsocialinteractionconsistsofidentifyingandselectingamongappropriatestatusesandallowingotherpeopletoassumetheirstatusesinrelationtous.Thismeansthatwefitouractionstothoseofotherpeoplebasedonaconstantmentalprocessofappraisalandinterpretation.Althoughsomeofusfindthetaskmoredifficultthanothersmostofusperformitrathereffortlessly. Statuseshasbeencomparedtoready-madeclothes.Withincertainlimitsthebuyercanchoosestyleandfabric.ButanAmericanisnotfreetochoosethecostumeofaChinesepeasantorthatofaHinduprince.Wemustchoosefromamongtheclothingpresentedbyfitaswellasbyourpocket-boob.Havingmadeachoicefromminoradjustmentswetendtobelimitedtowhatthestoreschoiceamongthemislimited. ThewordappraisalLine5Para.2mostprobablymeans
E Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcausessnowblindnenss.Yetdarkglassesornottheyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyesandevensnowblindnesswhenex-posedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight". TheUnitedStatesarmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcausesnowblindnessintroopsinasnow-coveredcountry.Ratheraman’seyesfrequentlyfindnothingtofocusoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnow-coveredterrain.Sohisgazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchofsomethingtolookat.Findingnothinghourafterhourtheeyesneverstopsearchingandtheeyeballsbecomesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandfluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballinincreasingquantityuntilvisionblursthenisobservedandtheresultistotaleventhoughtemporarysnowblindness. Experimentsledthearmytoasimplemethodofovercomingthisproblem.Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushescreatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnow-coveredlandscape.Eventhescoutsthemselvesthrowlightweightdarkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoocanfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething.Theirgazeisarrested.Theireyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtoseestopscouringthesnow-blanketedlanscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatimethemencancrossthesnowwithoutbecominghopelesslysnowblindorlost.Inthiswaytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovercome. Asuitabletideforthispassagewouldbe
A Fromthehealthpointofviewwearelivinginamarvelousage.Weareimmunizedfrombirthagainstmanyofthemostdangerousdiseases.Alargenumberofoncefatalillnessescannowbecuredbymoderndrugsandsurgery.Itisalmostcertainthatonedayremedieswillbefoundforthemoststubbornremainingdiseases.Theexpectationoflifehasincreasedenormously.Butthoughthepossibilityoflivingalongandhappylifeisgreaterthaneverbeforeeverydaywewitnessthein-credibleslaughterofmenwomenandchildrenontheroads.Manversusthemotorcar!Itisanever-endingbattlewhichmanislosing.Thousandsofpeopleovertheworldarekilledorhorriblykilledeachyearandwearequietlysittingbackandlettingithappen. Ithasbeenrightlysaidthatwhenamanissittingbehindasteeringwheelhiscarbecomestheextensionofhispersonality.Thereisnodoubtthatthemotorcaroftenbringsoutaman’sveryworstqualities.Peoplewhoarenormallyquietandpleasantmaybecomeunrecognizablewhentheyarebe-hindasteering-wheel.Theysweartheyareill-manneredandaggressivewillfulastwo-year-oldsandutterlyselfish.Alltheirhiddenfrustrationsdisappointmentsandjealousiesseemtobebroughttothesurfacebytheactofdriving. Thesurprisingthingisthatsocietysmilessobenignlyonthemotoristandseemstocondonehisbehaviour.Everythingisdoneforhisconvenience.Citiesareallowedtobecomealmostuninhabitablebecauseofheavytraffic;townsaremadeuglybyhugecarparks;thecountrysideisdesecratedbyroadnetworks;andthemassannualslaughterbecomesnothingmorethanastatistictobeconvenientlyforgotten. Itishightimeaworldcodewerecreatedtoreducethissenselesswasteofhumanlife.Withregardtodrivingthelawsofsomecountriesarenotoriouslylaxandeventhestrictestarenotstrictenough.Acodewhichwasuniversallyacceptedcouldonlyhaveadramaticallybeneficialeffectontheaccidentrate.Hereareafewexamplesofsomeofthethingsthatmightbedone.Thedrivingtestshouldbestandardizedandmadefarmoredifficultthanitis;allthedriversshouldbemadetotakeatesteverythreeyearsorso;theageatwhichyoungpeopleareallowedtodriveanyvehicleshouldberaisedtoatleast21;allvehiclesshouldbeputthroughstringentannualtestsforsafety.Eventhesmallestamountofalcoholinthebloodcanimpairaperson’sdrivingability.Presentdrinkinganddrivinglawswheretheyexistshouldbemademuchstricter.Maximumandminimumspeedlimitsshouldbeimposedonallroads.GovernmentsshouldlaydownsafetyspecificationsformanufacturersashasbeendoneintheUSA.Alladvertisingstressingpowerandperformanceshouldbebanned.Thesemeasuresmaysoundinordinatelyharsh.Butsurelynothingshouldbe’consideredassevereifitresultsinreducingtheannualtollofhumanlife.Afteralltheworldisforhumanbeingsnotmotorcars. Themainideaofthispassageisthat
E Manypeoplebelievetheglarefromsnowcausessnowblindnenss.Yetdarkglassesornottheyfindthemselvessufferingfromheadachesandwateringeyesandevensnowblindnesswhenex-posedtoseveralhoursof"snowlight". TheUnitedStatesarmyhasnowdeterminedthatglarefromsnowdoesnotcausesnowblindnessintroopsinasnow-coveredcountry.Ratheraman’seyesfrequentlyfindnothingtofocusoninabroadexpanseofbarrensnow-coveredterrain.Sohisgazecontinuallyshiftsandjumpsbackandforthovertheentirelandscapeinsearchofsomethingtolookat.Findingnothinghourafterhourtheeyesneverstopsearchingandtheeyeballsbecomesoreandtheeyemusclesache.Natureoffsetsthisirritationbyproducingmoreandfluidwhichcoverstheeyeball.Thefluidcoverstheeyeballinincreasingquantityuntilvisionblursthenisobservedandtheresultistotaleventhoughtemporarysnowblindness. Experimentsledthearmytoasimplemethodofovercomingthisproblem.Scoutsaheadofamainbodyoftroopsaretrainedtoshakesnowfromevergreenbushescreatingadottedlineastheycrosscompletelysnow-coveredlandscape.Eventhescoutsthemselvesthrowlightweightdarkcoloredobjectsaheadonwhichtheytoocanfocus.Themenfollowingcanthenseesomething.Theirgazeisarrested.Theireyesfocusonabushandhavingfoundsomethingtoseestopscouringthesnow-blanketedlanscape.Byfocusingtheirattentionononeobjectatatimethemencancrossthesnowwithoutbecominghopelesslysnowblindorlost.Inthiswaytheproblemofcrossingasolidwhiteterrainisovercome. Snowblindnessmaybeavoidedby
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