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Philip Roth was hailed as a major new author in 1960.
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Ifoundthatsamepattern-ahealth-caresystemthatreflectsanation’sbasicculturalvalues-everywhereIwentwhenItraveledtheworldforaPBSdocumentaryandabookabouthowotherwealthycountriesprovidehealthcare.ThefundamentaltruthabouthealthcareineverycountrynotesPrincetonprofessorUweReinhardtoneoftheworld’spreeminenthealth-careeconomistsisthatnationalvaluesnationalcharacterdeterminehoweachsystemworks.Whatistheworkingprincipleofhealth-caresystemsineverycountry
NoteverypsychologistwouldagreethatInternetorvideo-gamedependencyisalegitimately合理地diagnosableproblem.Somesuggestthatpathological非理智的game-playingorInternetsurfingisnotanaddictionperse本身就本笛而言butasymptomofadeeperissuesuchasdepressionoranxiety.ButCashbelievesthevirtualworldcanbenolessaddictingthanotheractivitiessuchasgambling.Shedescribesherfirstpatientwhoexhibitedsignsofcompulsion冲动:Hehadcometoherinamomentofcrisis15yearsago-havingdiscoveredatext-onlyrole-playingcomputergamethatwasconceptuallysimilartoDungeonsandDragonshehadbegundedicatingnearlyallofhistimetothegame.HegotfiredfromhisjobatnearbyMicrosoftandhismarriagewasfallingtopieces.Cashrealizedhewasshowingtheclassicalsignsofaddiction.Iwassointrigued.saystheco-authoroftherecentbookVideoGamesandYourKids:HowParentsStayinControl.Thatwaswhatstartedmeonmypath.SomepsychologistsotherthanCashandhiscolleaguethinkthatInternetorvideo-gamedependencyis.
InmyfrigelessFiftieschildhoodIwasfedwellandhealthily.Themilkmancamedailythegrocerthebutcherthebakerandtheice..creammandeliveredtwoorthreetimesaweek.TheSundaymeatwouldlastuntilWednesdayandsurplusbreadandmilkbecameallkindsofcakes.Nothingwaswastedandwewerenevertroubledbyrottenfood.Thirtyyearsonfooddeliverieshaveceasedfleshvegetablesarealmostunobtainableinthecountry.Whatwasnotmentionedaspartofmychildhood’sdiet
AlthoughextremecasesofInternetandvideo--gameaddictionhavenotbeenwidelypublicizedintheU.S..it’sadifferentstoryinEuropeandinEastAsiawheregame-playinghasevenbeenlinkedtoplayerdeath.In2006anin-patientaddictionfacilityforInternetandvideo.gameabusewasopenedinAmsterdamandthereareseveralsimilarprogramsoperatinginChina.Cashvisitedonesuchfacili-runoutofamilitaryhospital-lastNovember.Itwashalfboot.campandhalf-psychotherapyshesaystheorizingthatthewiderrecognitionoftheproblemoverseasmaystemfromthemorepublicnatureofgamingthereaspeopleoftenrelyonInternetcatstoplay.IntheU.S.howevermostpeopleusetheInteractorhaveagameconsole游戏机操纵台intheirownhomesoproblemsofabusemaybegoingunnoticed.ItcanbeinferredfromtheparagraphthatmostgameplayersintheUnitedStatesplay
Thepolicemanaskedhimtoidentifythethief.
Ifyou’relike67%ofAmericansyou’recurrentlyoverweightorobese.Ifyou’relike27%yourbloodpressureistoohigh.Ifyou’relikeawhopping96%ofthepopulation.Youmaynotbeabletorecallthelasttimeyouhadasaladsinceyou’reoneofthehundredsofmillionsofAmericanswhorarelyeatenoughvegetables.Andwhatyoudoeatyoudon’tburnoff-assumingyou’relikethe40%ofuswhogetnoexercise.Mosttroublingofallifyou’relikeanyparentofanychildanywhereintheworldyoumaybepassingyourhealthhabitstoyourchildrenwhichexplainswhyexpertsfearthatthisgenerationofAmericankidsmaybethefirstevertohaveashorterlifespanthantheirparentsdo.ExpertsfearthatthisgenerationofAmericankidsmayhaveashorterlifespanthantheirparentsdobecause.
TherearealotofwaystomeasuretheeffectsofAmerica’safter-the-facthealth-carephilosophybutthemosttellingmightbewhatepidemiologistscallpreventabledeaths.Certainlyplentyofdeathsduetoillnessarenotpreventablebuttherearemanyotherconditionsthatadecenthealth-caresystemshouldbeabletodetectandfixwellbeforetheybecomelife-threatening.MostoftheleadingkillersintheU.S.-includingpneumoniadiabetesandstroke-fallintothiscategory.AccordingtoaCommonwealthFundreportissuedthisyear101000deathsfrom2002to2003couldhavebeenavoidedwithaccesstotimelyandeffectivehealthcare.ThisrateplacestheU.S.19th-last-amongindustrializednations.WhatisthebestwaytoassesstheeffectofAmerica’safter-the-facthealth-carephilosophy
ThefirstdroblemNotime.Idon’thaveanytimetoexercise.I’mtoobusy.Butyoudon’tneedalotoftimetoexercise.Shortperiodsofexercisearejustasgoodaslongperiodsofexercise.ThesolutionYoushouldtaketwoorthreewalkseveryday.Forexampletenminutesinthemomingtenminutesatlunchandtenminutesafterdinner.Youcangetenoughexercisetoyourbodyby
Apartfromstatisticsitmightbehelpfultolookatwhatsmokingtobaccodoestothehumanbody.Smokeisamixtureofgasesvaporizedchemicalsminuteparticlesofashandothersolids.Thereisalsonicotinewhichispowerfulpoisonandblacktar.Assmokeisbreathedinallthosecomponentsformdepositsonthemembranesofthelungs.Onepointofconcentrationiswheretheairtubeandbronchusdivides.Mostlungcancerbeginsatthispoint.NicotineCanbebestdescribedas
Since1939numerousstudieshavebeenconductedtodeterminewhethersmokingisahealthhazard.Thetrendoftheevidencehasbeenconsistentandindicatesthatthereisaserioushealthrisk.Researchteamshaveconductedstudiesthatshowbeyondallreasonabledoubtthattobaccosmokingisassociatedwithashortenedlifeexpectancy.Cigarettesmokingisbelievedbymostresearchworkersinthisfieldtobeanimportantfactorinthedevelopmentofcanerofthelungsandcancerofthethroatandisbelievedtoberelatedtocancerofsomeotherorgansofthebody.Malecigarettesmokershaveahigherdeathratefrombeandiseasethannon--smokingmales.Femalesmokersarethoughttobelessaffectedbecausetheydonotbreatheinthesmokesodeeply.
Thequestionisnomereacademicone.Thecaseforexamplewithwhichpeoplecanchangefromworkinginthedaytoworkingatnightisaquestionofgrowingimportanceinindustrywhereautomationcallsinsistentlyforround-the--neckworkingofmachines.ItnormallytakesfromfivedaystooneweekforapersontoadapttoareversedroutineofsleepandwakefulnesssleepingduringthedayandworkingatnightUnfortunatelyitisoftenthecaseinindustrythatshiftsarechangedeveryweek;apersonmayworkfrom12midnightto8a.m.oneweek8a.m.to4p.m.thenextand4P.m.to12midnightthethirdandsoon.Thismeansthatnosoonerhashegotusedtooneroutinethanhehastochangetoanothersothatmuchofhistimeisspentneitherworkingnorsleepingveryefficiently.Howlongdoesitnormallytakeapersontoadapttoareversedroutineofsleepandwakefulness
FortunatelyInolongerneedtogoundertheknifetoretainmyyouthfulallure-Advancesinnonsurgicaltechniqueshavecreatedawholerealmofpossibilitiesforthoseseekinganewandimprovedlookwithoutplasticsurgery.Indeedthegrowingdemandforlessexpensivelessaggressivebeautyprocedures-fromradio-waveface-liftstobiodegradablebreast-fillers-isreshapingthelucrativeplastic-surgeryindustry.IntheU.K.thenumberofnonsurgicalproceduresmorethandoubledfrom2006to2007accountingformorethan80percentofthetotalnumberofcosmeticoperations.EvenduringtheglobalrecessionnonsurgicalproceduresintheU.K.haverisenalbeit尽管moremodestlyaspeopleseekthemoreaffordableoption.Whatisthemainideaoftheparagraph
Don’tapplyiceorbutteroranyothertypeofgreasetoburns.Alsodon’tcoverabumwithatowelorblanketbecauseloosefibersmightsticktotheskin.Whendealingwithaseriousburnbecarefulnottobreakanyblistersorpulloffclothingstucktotheskin.Dowashandapplyantibiotic抗生素ointment软膏tomildburns.Headtothehospitalforanybumstotheeyesmouthorgenital生殖器的areasevenifmild;anyburnthatcoversanarealargerthanyourhand;andanybumthatcausesblistersorisfollowedbyafever.Theparagraphcenterson
DaviesisanofficialoftheSaskatchewanMedicalSocietysoit’snotsurprisingthathewouldwanttoextolCanadianmedicine.Butthatfeelingofpatrioticprideinthenation’shealth-caresystemissomethingthatjustaboutallCanadiansshare.TheylovetopointoutthatCanadaprovidescoverageforeverybodyusuallywithnocopayandnodeductible--whiletheU.S.leavestensofmillionsofitscitizensuninsured.TheylovetoremindUSthatwhiletheU.S.letssome700000peoplegobankruptduetomedicalbillseachyearthenumberofmedicalbankruptciesinCanadaispreciselyzero.
Oncethisprofileisthoroughlydrawnyoucanbegintothinkaboutsettinghealthprioritiesbasedonyourparticularportrait.Forexampleifyoudrinktwomartiniseveryeveninghaveahigh-stressjobareoverweightsmokeapackofcigarettesadayandusemarijuanaoccasionallyonweekendsyoushouldquitsmokingfirstfollowedbylosingtheexcessweightreducingthestressofyourjobgivingupyourmarijuanahabitandthenfinallygivingsomethoughttothosemartinisifyouwanttopreventfirstcancerandthenheandisease.Evenfortheyouthfulworkingpersonwhohasneverbeensickadayinhislifewhoisinexcellenthealthagoodlookatallhealthhabitsandatworkandhomeenvironmentsmaysuggestchangesthatwillbenefithiminthefuture.Ifonesmokesholdsastressfuljobsuffersfromobesityandusesmarijuanaoccasionallywhatshouldhedofirsttoreducethepossibilityofheahhhazards
Alexander’sparentsweresupportiveandcheckedhimintoanaddictiontreatmentcenterinEasternWashington.Buthisfellowpatientsatthecenterwerebattlingalcoholismheroinaddictionandotherserioussubstanceabuseproblems-issuesAlexandercouldn’trelateto.Itwasn’treallyworkingformehesays.HeleftthecentertotryawildernessadventureprogramintheUtahdesertwhichdidn’thelpeitheruntilhisparentsdiscoveredRESTARTwherefor$24500includingapplicationscreeningandtreatmentfeesguestscouldspend45dayscutofffromthecomputerintegratedintoarealfamily’shomewithchoresdailycounselingsessionsandweeklytherapy.FromtheparagraphwecaninferthatAlexanderdidwellin
Alotchangedinbetweenthebirthsofmysecondandthirddaughters.ForonethingthistimearoundIreallyamgettingnosleep;foranotherthepediatricianrecommendedsomethingforour1-month-oldthatisdifferentfromwhathadbeensuggestedforourotherchildren.Shesaidweneededtopickupaliquidmultivitaminthatcontains400internationalunitsIUsofvitaminD.Itwasalittleconfusingbecausewithourfirstdaughternowalmost4thedoctortoldustosimplygetheroutinthesunfromtimetotimetoletherbodyproducevitaminD.Whenoursecondchildwasborntwoyearsagoweweretoldtogiveheramultivitaminthathad200IUsofvitaminD.Andnowanotherchange.SowhatgiveswithvitaminDandwhatdowereallyknowaboutitsrisksandbene:fitsHowmuchvitaminDdidthepediatricianrecommendedforthewriter’sthirddaughter
TheAirclearfeaturesaconvenientslide-controloffragrancedispenser;afanthatispowerfulyetwhispersquiet.RuggedlyconstructedtheAirClearisthefirstandonlypersonalairpurifierthat’sbothfullfeaturedandvaluepriced.Regularly$69.95.Now$59.95.That’sa$10.00savings.Save$25.00whenorderingtwo!Thecurrentpriceoftheairpurifieris
TheolderIgettheyoungerIwanttolook.Asawomanwhohasneverbelievedinwearingmakeup.IalwaysassumedIwouldagegracefullyandbehappyaboutit.Butthatplanwhichsoundedsoinfallible永远正确的atage20doesn’tseemquiteasappealingnowthatI’mpushing40andgravityisbeginningtowinthewar.Inthewriter’seyesaginggracefully
Visityourdoctorforregularcheckups.Duringacheckupyourdoctorcangiveyoutestsandcheckyourhealth.Manyserioushealthproblemsarefoundduringaregularcheckup.Sodon’tgotothedoctoronlywhenyouaresick.Seethedoctoronceayearforacheckup.Spendtimewithfriendsandfamily.Weallneedtoenjoyourlifewithothers.Yourfriendsandfamilywillmakeyoufeelgood.Ifyoufeelgoodyouwillstayhealthy!Somaketimeforyourlovedones.Duringacheckupaccordingtothefirstparagraphthedoctorwill
WhyaretwoshotsthoughttobenecessaryPeoplebornafter1957havenotbeenexposedtoasimilarvirus.Thefirstdoseprimes使准备好theimmunesystemtorespondbutit’sthesecondshotthattriggerstheproductionofantibodies.Thisisnotunusual.Anumberofvaccinesaregivenforthefirsttimeinmultidoseseries.Forexampletheseasonalfluvaccineisgivenintwoshotstochildrenunder9ifthey’veneverhadtheflu.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstshotofthevaccine
ResearcherssayatleastfourpatientshavediedafterliposuctioninNewYorkandoneinanotherUScityraisingquestionsaboutthesafetyofthenation’smostpopulartypeofcosmeticsurgery.Untilnowtherehavebeenoccasionalnewsstoriesofpatientsdyingafterliposuctioninwhichunwantedbodyfatisvacuumedout.Butareportinyesterday’sissueoftheNewEnglandJournalofMedicineisthefirstdetailedaccountinamedicaljournal.DoctorsreviewingsixyearsofautopsyrecordsinNewYorkCityfoundfourpatientswhohaddiedafterliposuction.
Dr.AnneSchuchatdirectoroftheCDC’sNationalCenterforImmunizationandRespiratoryDiseasessaystheCDC’semphasisonhand-washingisguidedbythesciencethatsupportshand-washingagainstrespiratoryinfectionsingeneral.InparticularshecitesastudyconductedinPakistanthatshowedthathandhygienemeasurescuttherateofpneumoniainhalf.Oneoftheuniquefeaturesofswineflu-thefactthatitcausesdiarrhea-alsosuggeststosomethatitcouldbetransmittedonthehandslikeotherdiarrhea-causingdiseasesthatdonotbelongtotheinfluenzafamily.SchuchatstressesthatthebestwaytoprotectyourselfwillbetogetthevaccineonceitbecomesavailableinOctoberbutaddsthattheCDCcontinuestobelievethatcontactprecautionsareusefulwiththisflu.
Vitaminsareanotheressentialrequirementforhealth.ThereareaboutfortyknownvitaminsbutthemostgenerallyreferredtoareABCDandE.DeficiencyofVitaminAfoundincarrotsrose-hipsliveretc.isallegedtoaffectthevisionandtheskinandreduceresistancetoinfection.VitaminCpresentinnearlyallfruitparticularlyorangesandothercitrusfruithascometoberegardedasparticularlyeffectiveinthepreventionofcoldandlowenergystates.WhatwillprobablyhappentoapersonwithVitaminCdeficiencyaccordingtotheparagraph
EveryyearmillionsofwomenarescreenedwithX-raystopickupsignsofbreastcancer.Ifthishappensearlyenoughthediseasecanoftenbetreatedsuccessfully.Accordingtoasurveypublishedlastyear21countrieshavescreeningprogrammes.NineofthemincludingAustraliaCanadatheUSandSpainscreenwomenunder50.Butthemedicalbenefitsofscreeningtheseyoungerwomenarecontroversialpartlybecausetheradiationbringsasmallriskofinducingcancer.AlsoyoungerwomenmustbegivenhigherdosesofX-raysbecausetheirbreasttissuesisdenser.Whatwillhappenifbreastcancerisdiagnosedearlyenough
IntheU.S.StrausandhiscolleagueMalliePaschallofthePacificInstituteforResearchandEvaluationlookedat1510children--806kidsages2to4and704ages5to9--andfoundthatroughlythree--quartershadenduredsomekindofcorporalpunishmentintheprevioustwoweeksaccordingtointerviewswiththemothers.Researchersmeasuredthechildren’sIQinitiallythenagainfouryearslater.Thosekidswhohadn’tbeenspankedintheinitialsurveyperiodscoredsignificantlybetteronintelligenceandachievementteststhanthosewhohadbeenhit.Amongthe2-to-4-year-oldsthedifferenceinIQwasfivepoints;amongtheolderkidstherewasa2.8-pointgap.ThatassociationheldaftertakingintoaccountparentaleducationincomeandotherenvironmentalfactorssaysStraus.Whichgroupofthechildrenscoredbetterinthesurvey
SincethenCashhasfocusedherpracticeonvideo-gameandInternetaddictiontreatingpatientswhousetheirelectronicmediasoobsessivelythattheystopsleepingandeatingproperlyruinrelationshipswithlovedonessufferrepetitiveuseinjuriessuchaseyestrainandcarpaltunnelsyndromeanddevelopdepressionandanxietyamongotherthings.Cash’sprivatepracticeislocatedinRedmondWash.thehomeofMicrosoft--notanentirelysurprisinghubofcompulsiveInternetandvideo-gameuseshesays.IndeedtheSeattle--Tacomaareaisthenation’s13thlargestmediamarketandhasthehighestlevelofInternetuseinthecountry;accordingtoarecentstudymorethan45%ofadultsinthearearegularlyplayvideogames.There’snothingwrongwiththistechnologysaysCashwhoiscarefultonotethatit’snotthemediumthatistoblamebutratherthelackofeducationaboutit.It’sallinhowit’susedWhichofthefollowingisnotasymptomofvideo-gameandInternetaddictionaccordingtoCash
Sooncreatingahospitalincyberspacemaynolongerbesciencefiction.NASA’sAmesResearchCenterandSalinasValleyMemorialHosPitalareworkingtoeetherinbringavirtualmedicalfacilitytotheWorldWideWebintheenearfuture.Theventurewillinvolvemachinesthattransmitandreceivedataandthree-dimensionalimagesofthehumanbodyviaaspecialworkstationlocatedatthehospital.MedicalprofessionalswillsenddiagnosticinformationtoNASA.throughitsResearchandEducationNetworkwhichwilltransmitthe3-Dimagesanddatabacktothehospitalforevaluationandimagemanipulation.Thedoctorswillthengivefeedbackabouthowwellthenetworkworksandthequalityoftheimages.Inavirtualhospitalmedicalprofessionalswillwork
Thesecasesmaysoundextremebutbeingfiredorlaidoffisundeniablyoneoflife’sbiggestblowsandcanleadtoclinicaldepressionviolenceandalcoholabuseaswellasstrokesandheartattacks.Eventhefearoflosingajobproducesmoredoctorvisitsandhealthworries.Inshorttherecentnewsaboutrisingunemploymentandjobinsecuritymaybebadnewsforourhealth.BeinglaidoffmayleadtoallthefollowingEXCEPT
We’llgiveeveryteacherspacetodevelop.
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