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活动性原则源自于（）的“做中学”。
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让幼儿学会自己的事情自己做这体现了学前教育中的原则
独立自主性
发展适宜性
活动性
综合性
活动性原则是什么答源自于杜威的做中学实际来自于苏联心理学家的活动主导论’’和皮亚杰的儿童认知发展理论
活动性原则源自于的做中学教育思想
皮亚杰
夸美纽斯
福禄贝尔
杜威
活动性原则源自于的做中学
皮亚杰
夸美纽斯
福禄
杜威
让幼儿学会自己的事情自己做这体现了学前教育中的原则
独立自主性
发展适应性
活动性
综合性
活动性原则
简述活动性原则的实施
原则源自于杜威的做中学
独立自主性
启蒙性
综合性
活动性
活动性原则源自于的做中学
皮亚杰
夸美纽斯
福禄倍尔
杜威
活动性原则源自于的做中学
皮亚杰
夸美纽斯
福禄培尔
杜威
让幼儿学会自己的事情自己做这主要体现了学前教育中的原则
独立自主性
发展适宜性
活动性
综合性
什么是活动性原则?
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二阅读下面的文字完成18—21题12分夜读岳飞李元洛①窗外江南的春雨潇潇远处高楼上五彩霓虹灯明灭不定近处有流行音乐在卡拉OK泛滥新潮我独坐书房像独守__大海中的一座孤岛挑灯夜读八百年前的岳飞②我读岳飞手书的诸葛亮前后出师表丞相祠堂何处寻多年前有缘去四川成都刚刚从杜甫蜀相诗中走进去便在武侯祠的回廊上被镇住了回廊壁上嵌着两块硕大的青色石碑镌刻的正是诸葛亮的前后出师表我平日也读过不少碑帖最令我五内如沸的莫过于这一方了那遒劲奔放的行草喷自一管八千里路云和月中的凌云健笔涌自一位英雄待从头收拾旧山河的激烈壮怀巴山楚水万叠千重我无法将那碑文搬回家去只能将它藏在心中数年之后我专程拜谒谭嗣同的家乡浏阳竟然在浏阳的书店买到新出版的岳飞书前后出师表谭嗣同是封建末世的奇男子岳飞是名彪青史的伟丈夫我的遇合冥冥之中有什么天意吗我庆幸我的夙愿于斯时斯地如愿以偿③今夜窗外是潇潇的江南春雨我没有去凭栏我品读岳飞书于出师表之后的“跋”“绍兴戊午秋八月望前过南阳谒武侯祠遇雨遂宿于祠内更深秉烛细观壁间昔贤所赞先生文词诗赋及祠前石刻二表不觉泪下如雨是夜竟不成眠坐以待旦道士献茶毕出纸索字挥涕走笔不计工拙稍舒胸中抑郁耳”我的耳边敲响岳飞八百年前在南阳武侯祠听到的雨声我的眼前红起岳飞当年夜深不寐时点燃的烛光岳飞他瞻仰武侯祠而泪下如雨而坐以待旦而挥涕走笔这不是一种精神人格上深刻的领悟沟通和激动吗一位少年时母亲就在他背上刺下了“精忠报国”的叮咛一位在危急存亡之秋向历史和苍生作出“鞠躬尽瘁死而后已”的表白虽然异代而不同时这却是一个心忧天下的灵魂和另一个心忧天下的灵魂的隔代相呼是一颗高贵的心和另一颗高贵的心的遥相感应八百年后的今日春夜我侧耳倾听的是江南夜雨更是那英雄二重奏的铿然和鸣④稍后于岳飞而呼吸在同一个时代的陆游对出师表也赞美不已“出师一表真名世千载谁堪伯仲间”书愤“出师一表通今古夜半挑灯更细看”病起书怀出师表的具体指涉也许离我们已经太遥远了今天夜半我挑灯仔细看的是和我们仍然十分亲近的岳飞的事迹有一回岳飞和一群文人学士谈及纷乱的时局有人提出“天下纷纷不知几时才可太平”岳飞有名的回答传于后世直到今天仍然掷地作金石之声而振聋发聩“只要文官不爱钱武将不怕死天下自然就会太平！”当今之世钱潮动地欲浪拍天芸芸众生对财神的尊敬不是远远超过了对其他所有的神明岳飞登坛拜将身居高位但自俸仍然甚俭全家仍然是布衣粗食他无论平时或战时也仍然和士卒同甘共苦这样岳飞的__上下一心真正是“战无不胜”连强敌也无可奈何地惊呼“撼山易撼岳家军难”！今天人欲与物欲一起横流穷乡僻壤仍然饥肠辘辘酒楼宾馆有的人却挥公款如挥泥土⑤窗外今夜已潇潇雨歇在商品狂潮的惊涛拍岸声里在现代的滚滚红尘之中我再一次夜读八百年前的岳飞我读人的傲然脊梁读民族的浩然正气读历史的巍然丰碑 文章末段作者说读岳飞就是读人的傲然脊梁读民族的浩然正气读历史的巍然丰碑这样说有什么深刻的含义3分
苏霍姆林斯基的教育思想是
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
教育学的源泉是
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
—Didyougototheshowlastnight —Yeah.Everyboyandgirlintheareainvited.
教育学成为一门独立学科的标志是夸美纽斯的诞生
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
Theprisonerofwarwishedtobe.Tenyearslaterhefreeandregainedhis.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
Don’tallspeakatonce!please.
B Inchoosingafriendoneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfairweatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluckbutwhenyouaredowntheywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriendIlookforcertainqualitiesofcharacterespeciallyunderstandinghonestyandreliability. AboveallelseIlookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Insteadhetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherpersonsplaceandhetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener. Atthesametimehoweveragoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshortafriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme. Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.IfhetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintimeIcanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavorhewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintroublehewillnotrunawayfromme. Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlivesandwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumortoo.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme. WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliablehonestandunderstandingIknowIvefoundafriend! Ifyouhavefairweatherfriends.
一阅读下面的文章做12—17题24分大地的语言节选阿来朋友来电话招呼去河南一次次刚刚离开一座城市就进入另一座城市重复的其实都是同一种体验在不断兴奋的过程中渐渐感到怅然若失行车不到十分钟就在我靠着车窗将要昏昏然睡去时超乎我的想象的景观出现了在我眼前出现了宽广得似乎漫无边际的田野收获了一季小麦的大地上玉米无边无际的玉米在大地的宽广中拔节生长绿油油的叶片在阳光下闪烁在细雨中吮吸这片大地在中国肯定是最早被耕种的土地世界上肯定也少有这种先后被石头工具青铜工具铁制工具和今天燃烧着石油的机具都耕作过的土地翻开一部中国史中原大地兵连祸接旱涝交替但我的眼前确实出现了生机勃勃的大地这片土地还有那么深厚的肥力滋养这么茁壮的庄稼生长人类的食粮无边无际的绿色仍然充满生机庄稼地之间一排排的树木标示出了道路水渠同时也遮掩了那些素朴的北方村庄我喜欢这样的景象这是令人感到心安的景象一望无际的玉米亭亭玉立茎并着茎根须在地下交错叶与叶互相摩挲着絮絮私语它们还化作一道道的绿浪把风和自己的芬芳推到更远的地方在一条飞速延展的高速公路两边我的视野里始终都是这让人心安的景象转上另外一条高速路醒目的路牌标示着一些城市的名字这些道路经过乡野但目的是连接那些巨大的城市或者干脆就是城市插到乡村身上的吸管资本与技术的循环系统其实片刻不能缺少从古至今那些最基本的物质的支撑但在这样的原野上至少在我的感觉中那些城市显得遥远了视野里掠到身后以及扑面而来的依然是农耕的连绵田野我呵气成雾在车窗上描画一个个汉字这些象形的汉字在几千年前就从这块土地上像庄稼一样生长出来在我脑海中它们不是今天在电脑字库里的模样而是它们刚刚生长出来的时候的模样刚刚被刻在甲骨之上的模样刚刚被镌刻到青铜上的模样这是一个个生动而又亲切的形象土最初的样子就是一棵苗破土而出或者一棵树站立在地平线上田不仅仅是生长植物的土壤还有纵横的阡陌灌渠道路禾一棵直立的植株上端以可爱的姿态斜倚着一个结了实的穗子车窗模糊了我继续在心里描摹从这片大地上生长出来的那些字麦黍瓜麻菽我看见了那些使这些字具有了生动形象的人从井中汲水的人操耒犁地的人以臼舂谷的人眼下的大地麦收季节已经过去了几百年前才来到中国大地上的玉米正在茁壮生长那些健壮的植株上顶端的雄蕊披拂着红缨已然开放轻风吹来就摇落了花粉纷纷扬扬地落入下方那些腋生的雌性花上那些子房颤动着受孕暗含着安安静静的喜悦一天天膨胀一天天饱满待秋风起时就会从田野走进了农家小小的仓房我们到达了淮阳——穿过了大片属于淮阳的田野让人心安的田野庄稼茁壮生长的田野古老的经历了七灾八难仍然在默默奉献的田野还未被加工区开发区新城镇分割得七零八落的田野选自2009中国散文排行榜有改动 本文作者曾说过“中国的土地不可能满布工厂和城市”人们也“不能早餐吃风险投资中午吃对冲资金晚间配上红酒的大餐不能直接是房地产”但现实是目前全球的城市化进程正日益加快当然我们也明白这样一个道理有发展就难免会有损失和牺牲请联系现实谈谈阅读本文后的看法5分
Myfriendshowedmeroundthetownwasverykindofhim.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
简述学习和研究教育原理时必须坚持的方法论
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
TheyontheprogramforalmostoneweekbeforeIjoinedthemandnowweonitasnogoodresultshavecomeoutsofar.
A AvolcaniceruptioninIcelandhassentashacrossnorthernEurope.AirlineshavestoppedorchangedtheflightsacrosstheAtlanticOceanleavinghundredsofpassengersstuckinairports. GrimsvotnisoneofthelargestactivevolcanoesinEurope.WhatmakesGrimsvotndifferentisthatitliesunderahugeglacier冰川oficeupto12metersthick.Thehotvolcanoheatsuptheiceaboveitwhichthenformsalayer层ofwaterbetweentheglacierandthevolcano.Thislayerofwaterputspressureonthevolcanokeepingitstable.Asthewaterflowsoutfromundertheglacierthepressurelifts.Thelava岩浆fromthevolcanothencomesuptothesurface.Thisisexactlywhathashappenedtoday. Nowairlineshavetomakechangestotheirflightssoasnottoflythroughthecloudsofvolcanicash.AccordingtoKLMoneofEuropesbiggestairlinesairplanescannotgounderthecloudoroverit.Goingthroughthecloudcanresultinashgettingstuckintheairplanesenginescausingdamagetotheplane. TheeruptionhasalsocausedproblemsforanimalsinIceland.Thevolcanoleftashandsharpglasslikerocksalloverthecountryside.Farmersarekeepingtheiranimalsinsidetostopthemfromeatingashcoveredgrassorthesharpobjects. WhatkeepsGrimsvotnstill
MyparentsinHongKong.Theywerebornthereandhaveneverlivedanywhereelse.
二阅读下面的文字完成18—21题12分夜读岳飞李元洛①窗外江南的春雨潇潇远处高楼上五彩霓虹灯明灭不定近处有流行音乐在卡拉OK泛滥新潮我独坐书房像独守__大海中的一座孤岛挑灯夜读八百年前的岳飞②我读岳飞手书的诸葛亮前后出师表丞相祠堂何处寻多年前有缘去四川成都刚刚从杜甫蜀相诗中走进去便在武侯祠的回廊上被镇住了回廊壁上嵌着两块硕大的青色石碑镌刻的正是诸葛亮的前后出师表我平日也读过不少碑帖最令我五内如沸的莫过于这一方了那遒劲奔放的行草喷自一管八千里路云和月中的凌云健笔涌自一位英雄待从头收拾旧山河的激烈壮怀巴山楚水万叠千重我无法将那碑文搬回家去只能将它藏在心中数年之后我专程拜谒谭嗣同的家乡浏阳竟然在浏阳的书店买到新出版的岳飞书前后出师表谭嗣同是封建末世的奇男子岳飞是名彪青史的伟丈夫我的遇合冥冥之中有什么天意吗我庆幸我的夙愿于斯时斯地如愿以偿③今夜窗外是潇潇的江南春雨我没有去凭栏我品读岳飞书于出师表之后的“跋”“绍兴戊午秋八月望前过南阳谒武侯祠遇雨遂宿于祠内更深秉烛细观壁间昔贤所赞先生文词诗赋及祠前石刻二表不觉泪下如雨是夜竟不成眠坐以待旦道士献茶毕出纸索字挥涕走笔不计工拙稍舒胸中抑郁耳”我的耳边敲响岳飞八百年前在南阳武侯祠听到的雨声我的眼前红起岳飞当年夜深不寐时点燃的烛光岳飞他瞻仰武侯祠而泪下如雨而坐以待旦而挥涕走笔这不是一种精神人格上深刻的领悟沟通和激动吗一位少年时母亲就在他背上刺下了“精忠报国”的叮咛一位在危急存亡之秋向历史和苍生作出“鞠躬尽瘁死而后已”的表白虽然异代而不同时这却是一个心忧天下的灵魂和另一个心忧天下的灵魂的隔代相呼是一颗高贵的心和另一颗高贵的心的遥相感应八百年后的今日春夜我侧耳倾听的是江南夜雨更是那英雄二重奏的铿然和鸣④稍后于岳飞而呼吸在同一个时代的陆游对出师表也赞美不已“出师一表真名世千载谁堪伯仲间”书愤“出师一表通今古夜半挑灯更细看”病起书怀出师表的具体指涉也许离我们已经太遥远了今天夜半我挑灯仔细看的是和我们仍然十分亲近的岳飞的事迹有一回岳飞和一群文人学士谈及纷乱的时局有人提出“天下纷纷不知几时才可太平”岳飞有名的回答传于后世直到今天仍然掷地作金石之声而振聋发聩“只要文官不爱钱武将不怕死天下自然就会太平！”当今之世钱潮动地欲浪拍天芸芸众生对财神的尊敬不是远远超过了对其他所有的神明岳飞登坛拜将身居高位但自俸仍然甚俭全家仍然是布衣粗食他无论平时或战时也仍然和士卒同甘共苦这样岳飞的__上下一心真正是“战无不胜”连强敌也无可奈何地惊呼“撼山易撼岳家军难”！今天人欲与物欲一起横流穷乡僻壤仍然饥肠辘辘酒楼宾馆有的人却挥公款如挥泥土⑤窗外今夜已潇潇雨歇在商品狂潮的惊涛拍岸声里在现代的滚滚红尘之中我再一次夜读八百年前的岳飞我读人的傲然脊梁读民族的浩然正气读历史的巍然丰碑 文章第①段作者在书房挑灯夜读为什么还要写远处高楼上明灭不定的五彩霓虹灯以及近处泛滥新潮的流行音乐3分
中学生的情绪和情感与小学时期已经有了很大的不同影响和制约青少年情绪和情感发展的最重要的身心发展因素主要包括
Don’tforgetthedayyouwerereceivedintotheYouthLeague.
A AvolcaniceruptioninIcelandhassentashacrossnorthernEurope.AirlineshavestoppedorchangedtheflightsacrosstheAtlanticOceanleavinghundredsofpassengersstuckinairports. GrimsvotnisoneofthelargestactivevolcanoesinEurope.WhatmakesGrimsvotndifferentisthatitliesunderahugeglacier冰川oficeupto12metersthick.Thehotvolcanoheatsuptheiceaboveitwhichthenformsalayer层ofwaterbetweentheglacierandthevolcano.Thislayerofwaterputspressureonthevolcanokeepingitstable.Asthewaterflowsoutfromundertheglacierthepressurelifts.Thelava岩浆fromthevolcanothencomesuptothesurface.Thisisexactlywhathashappenedtoday. Nowairlineshavetomakechangestotheirflightssoasnottoflythroughthecloudsofvolcanicash.AccordingtoKLMoneofEuropesbiggestairlinesairplanescannotgounderthecloudoroverit.Goingthroughthecloudcanresultinashgettingstuckintheairplanesenginescausingdamagetotheplane. TheeruptionhasalsocausedproblemsforanimalsinIceland.Thevolcanoleftashandsharpglasslikerocksalloverthecountryside.Farmersarekeepingtheiranimalsinsidetostopthemfromeatingashcoveredgrassorthesharpobjects. Thistextismostprobablytakenfrom.
YouandIcouldhardlyworktogether
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
B Inchoosingafriendoneshouldbeverycareful.Agoodfriendcanhelpyoustudy.Youcanhavefuntogetherandmakeeachotherhappy.Sometimesyouwillmeetfairweatherfriends.Theywillbewithyouaslongasyouhavemoneyorluckbutwhenyouaredowntheywillrunaway.HowdoIknowwhenIhavefoundagoodfriendIlookforcertainqualitiesofcharacterespeciallyunderstandinghonestyandreliability. AboveallelseIlookforunderstandinginafriend.Agoodfriendtriestounderstandhowanotherpersonisfeeling.Heisnotquicktojudge.Insteadhetriestolearnfromothers.Heputshimselfintheotherpersonsplaceandhetriestothinkofwaystobehelpful.Heisalsoagoodlistener. Atthesametimehoweveragoodfriendishonest.Hedoesnotlookforfaultsinothers.Henoticestheirgoodpoints.Inshortafriendwilltrytounderstandmeandacceptme. Anotherqualityofafriendisreliability.Icanalwaysdependonagoodfriend.IfhetellsmehewillmeetmesomewhereatacertaintimeIcanbesurethathewillbethere.IfIneedafavorhewilldohisbesttohelpme.IfIamintroublehewillnotrunawayfromme. Thereisafourthqualitythatmakesafriendspecial.Aspecialfriendissomeonewithwhomwecanhavefun.Weshouldenjoyourlivesandwewouldenjoyourfriendship.ThatiswhyIespeciallylikefriendswhoarefuntobewith.AgoodfriendlikesthesamethingsIlike.Weshareexperienceandlearnfromeachother.Agoodfriendhasagoodsenseofhumortoo.Helikestolaughwithme.Thatishowweshareinthejoyofbeingfriends.AndIknowthatheislookingforthesamequalityinme. WhenImeetsomeonewhoisreliablehonestandunderstandingIknowIvefoundafriend! Thispassagemainlydiscuss.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquencycrimescommittedbyyoungpeoplefocuseitherontheindividualoronsocietyasthemajorcontributinginfluence.Theories16ontheindividualsuggestthatchildrenengageincriminalbehavior17theywerenotsufficientlypenalizedforpreviousmisdeedsorthattheyhavelearnedcriminalbehaviorthrough18withothers.Theoriesfocusingontheroleofsocietysuggestthatchildrencommitcrimesin19totheirfailuretoriseabovetheirsocioeconomicstatus20asarejectionofmiddleclassvalues. Mosttheoriesofjuveniledelinquencyhavefocusedonchildrenfromdisadvantagedfamilies21thefactthatchildrenfromwealthyhomesalsocommitcrimes.Thelattermaycommitcrimes22lackofadequateparentalcontrol.Alltheorieshoweveraretentativeandare23tocriticism. Changesinthesocialstructuremayindirectly24juvenilecrimerates.Forexamplechangesintheeconomythat25tofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemployment26makegainfulemploymentincreasinglydifficulttoobtain.Theresultingdiscontentmayin27leadmoreyouthsintocriminalbehavior. Familieshavealso28changestheseyears.Morefamiliesconsistofoneparenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;29childrenarelikelytohavelesssupervisionathome30wascommoninthetraditionalfamily31.Thislackofparentalsupervisionisthoughttobeaninfluenceonjuvenilecrimerates.Other32causesofoffensiveactsincludefrustrationorfailureinschooltheincreased33ofdrugsandalcoholandthegrowing34ofchildabuseandchildneglect.Alltheseconditionstendtoincreasetheprobabilityofachildcommittingacriminalact35adirectcausalrelationshiphasnotyetbeenestablished.
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