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苦泄是指药物具有通泄、 ① 、 ② 作用。
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苦泄的含义
通泄
引气
降泄
清泄
散结
属于苦味药物的作用是
补益，和中，调和药性，缓急止痛
泻下通便，软坚散结
收敛固涩
清泄，通泄，降泄，燥湿，坚阴
渗湿利小便
不属苦味药的作用是
通泄
发散
降泄
清泄
燥湿
苦味药物不具有的作用是
清泻火热
泄降气逆
通泄大便
软坚散结
泻火存阴
以下各项不属苦味药作用的是
通泄
降泄
燥湿
清泄
行气
苦味药的作用不包括
降泄
清泄
通泄
燥湿
收敛
苦味的作用是
通泄
行
降泄
清泄
燥湿
属于甘味药物的作用是
补益，和中，调和药性，缓急止痛
泻下通便，软坚散结
收敛固涩
清泄，通泄，降泄，燥湿，坚阴
渗湿利小便
温热论中指出脘痞按痛苔色黄浊者治宜
苦泄
下之
湿通
开泄
分消上下
苦味药具有的治疗作用是
苦能燥湿
苦能降泻
苦能清泄
苦能坚阴，坚厚肠胃
苦能通泄
苦味的作用是
通泄
行血
降泄
清泄
燥湿
下列各项中不具有苦味药作用的是
燥湿
行气
清泄
降泄
通泄
下列各项不属苦味药作用的是
通泄
降泄
燥湿
清泄
行气
具有泄肾火作用的药物有知母等
苦味不具有的作用是
降泄
通泄
燥湿
清泄
渗湿
温热论中指出腹满疼痛苔色灰黄治宜
苦泄
下之
湿通
开泄
分消上下
不属苦味的作用是
清泄
降泄
通泄
燥湿
软坚
叶天士温热论认为痰湿内结于胃脘中痞闷苔白而不燥者治宜
开泄
苦泄
通泄
透泄
温热论中指出腹部胀满苔色劳黄中有断纹者治宜
苦泄
下之
湿通
开泄
分消上下
苦味的作用是
通泄
行气
降泄
清泄
燥湿
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SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.5
Text2Timespentinabookshopcanbemostenjoyablewhetheryouareabook-loverormerelytheretobuyabookasapresent.Youmayevenhaveenteredtheshopjusttofindshelterfromasuddenshower.Whateverthereasonyoucansoonbecometotallyunawareofyoursurroundings.Thedesiretopickupabookwithanattractivedust-jacketisirresistiblealthoughthismethodofselectionoughtnottobefollowedasyoumightendupwitharatherdullbook.Yousoonbecomeabsorbedinsomebookorotherandusuallyitisonlymuchlaterthatyourealizethatyouhavespentfartoomuchtimethereandmustdashofftokeepsomeforgottenappointment—withoutbuyingabookofcourse.ThisopportunitytoescapetherealitiesofeverydaylifeisIthinkthemainattractionofabookshop.Therearenotmanyplaceswhereitispossibletodothis.Amusicshopisverymuchlikeabookshop.Youcanwanderroundsuchplacestoyourheart’scontent.Ifitisagoodshopnoassistantwillapproachyouwiththeinevitablegreeting:"CanIhelpyousire."Youneedn’tbuyanythingyoudon’twant.InaBookshopanassistantshouldremaininthebackgrounduntilyouhavefinishedbrowsing.Thenandonlythenarehisservicesnecessary.Ofcourseyoumaywanttofindoutwhereaparticularsectionisbutwhenhehasledyoutheretheassistantshouldretirediscreetlyandlookasifheisnotinterestedinsellingasinglebook.You-havetobecarefulnottobeattractedbythevarietyofbooksinabookshop.Itisveryeasytoentertheshoplookingforabookonsayancientcoinsandtocomeoutcarryingacopyofthelatestbest-sellingnovelandperhapsabookaboutbrass-rubbing—somethingwhichhadonlyvaguelyinterestedyouuptillthen.Thisvolumeonthesubjecthoweverhappenedtobesowellillustratedandthepartofthetextyoureadprovedsointerestingthatyoujusthadtobuyit.Thissortofthingcanbeverydangerous.Apartfromrunningupahugeaccountyoucanwasteagreatdealoftimewanderingfromsectiontosection.Booksellersmustbebothlong-sufferingandindulgent.Thereisastorywhichwellillustratesthis.Amedicalstudenthadtoreadatextbookwhichwasfartooexpensiveforhimtobuy.Hecouldn’tobtainitfromthelibraryandtheonlycopyhecouldfindwasinhisbookshop.Everyafternoonthereforehewouldgoalongtotheshopandreadalittleofthebookatatime.Onedayhoweverhewasdismayedtofindthebookmissingfromitsusualplaceandabouttoleavewhenhenoticedtheowneroftheshopbeckoningtohim.Expectingtobereproachedhewenttowardhim.Tohissurprisetheownerpointedtothebookwhichwastuckedawayinacorner."Iputitthereincaseanyonewastemptedtobuyit"hesaidandleftthedelightedstudenttocontinuehisreading.Notestoone’sheart’scontent尽情地runup积聚招致beckonv.打招呼 Youmayspendtoomuchtimeinabookshopbecause
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.7
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.3
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.17
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.11
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.9
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Text1Whenintheageofautomationmansearchesforaworkertodothetediousunpleasantjobsthataremoreorlessimpossibletomechanizehemayveryprofitablyconsidertheape.Ifwetackledtheproblemofbreedingforbrainswithasmuchenthusiasmaswedevotetobreedingdogsofsurrealisticshapeswecouldeventuallyproduceassortedmodelsofusefulprimatesranginginsizefromthegorilladowntothebabooneachadaptedtoaspecialkindofwork.Itisnotputtingtoomuchstrainontheimaginationtoassumethatgeneticistscouldproduceasuper-apewhichisabletounderstandsomescoresofwordsandcapableofbeingtrainedforsuchjobsaspickingfruitcleaningupthelitterinparksshiningshoescollectinggarbagedoinghouseholdchoresandevenbaby-sittingalthoughIhaveknownsomebabiesIwouldnotcaretotrustwithavaluableape.ApescoulddomanyjobssuchascleaningstreetsandthemorerepetitivetypesofagriculturalworkwithoutsupervisionthoughtheymightneedprotectionfromthoseegregiousspecimensofHomesapienswhothinkitamusingtoteaseorbullyanythingtheyconsiderlowerontheevolutionaryladder.Forothertaskssuchasdeliveringpapersandlaboringonthedocksourman-apewouldhavetoworkunderhumanoverseers;andincidentallyIwouldlovetoseethefinaleofthetwenty-firstcenturyversionofOntheWaterfrontinwhichthehonestbuthairyherowilldrumonhischestafter—literally—takingthewickedlaborleaderapart.OnceasupplyofnonhumanworkersbecomesavailableawholerangeoflowIQjobscouldbethankfullygivenupbymankindtoitsgreatmentalandphysicaladvantage.WhatismoreoneoftheproblemswhichhasannoyedsomanyfictionalUtopiaswouldbeavoided:TherewouldbenoneofthedegradinglysubhumanEpsilonsofHuxley’sBraveNewWorldtoactasapermanentreproachtosocietyforthereisaprofoundmoraldifferencebetweenbreedingsub-menandsuper-apesthoughtheendproductsaremuchthesame.Thefirstwouldintroduceaformofslaverybutthesecondwouldbeabiologicaltriumphwhichcouldbenefitbothmenandanimals.Notes:surrealistic超现实的primate灵长类动物gorilla大猩猩baboon狒狒.chore杂活.caretodosth.常用于否定句=willingtodooragreetodosth.愿意做某事trustAwithB把B托付给Aegregious通常指环人或坏事异乎寻常的突出的Homesapiens人类finalen.结局Epsilons奴隶人名assorted各色各样的Utopia乌托邦理想主义 Theauthorofthisarticleis
Directions: Therehasrecentlybeenadiscussioninanewspaperontheissueofchallenge.Writeanessaytothenewspaperto 1.showyourunderstandingofthesymbolicmeaningofthepicturebelow 1thecontentofthepicture 2themeaning/yourunderstanding 2.giveaspecificexample/commentand 3.giveyoursuggestionastothebestwaytotreatchallenge. Youshouldneatlywrite160--200wordsonANSWERSHEET2.
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.13
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Text1Whenintheageofautomationmansearchesforaworkertodothetediousunpleasantjobsthataremoreorlessimpossibletomechanizehemayveryprofitablyconsidertheape.Ifwetackledtheproblemofbreedingforbrainswithasmuchenthusiasmaswedevotetobreedingdogsofsurrealisticshapeswecouldeventuallyproduceassortedmodelsofusefulprimatesranginginsizefromthegorilladowntothebabooneachadaptedtoaspecialkindofwork.Itisnotputtingtoomuchstrainontheimaginationtoassumethatgeneticistscouldproduceasuper-apewhichisabletounderstandsomescoresofwordsandcapableofbeingtrainedforsuchjobsaspickingfruitcleaningupthelitterinparksshiningshoescollectinggarbagedoinghouseholdchoresandevenbaby-sittingalthoughIhaveknownsomebabiesIwouldnotcaretotrustwithavaluableape.ApescoulddomanyjobssuchascleaningstreetsandthemorerepetitivetypesofagriculturalworkwithoutsupervisionthoughtheymightneedprotectionfromthoseegregiousspecimensofHomesapienswhothinkitamusingtoteaseorbullyanythingtheyconsiderlowerontheevolutionaryladder.Forothertaskssuchasdeliveringpapersandlaboringonthedocksourman-apewouldhavetoworkunderhumanoverseers;andincidentallyIwouldlovetoseethefinaleofthetwenty-firstcenturyversionofOntheWaterfrontinwhichthehonestbuthairyherowilldrumonhischestafter—literally—takingthewickedlaborleaderapart.OnceasupplyofnonhumanworkersbecomesavailableawholerangeoflowIQjobscouldbethankfullygivenupbymankindtoitsgreatmentalandphysicaladvantage.WhatismoreoneoftheproblemswhichhasannoyedsomanyfictionalUtopiaswouldbeavoided:TherewouldbenoneofthedegradinglysubhumanEpsilonsofHuxley’sBraveNewWorldtoactasapermanentreproachtosocietyforthereisaprofoundmoraldifferencebetweenbreedingsub-menandsuper-apesthoughtheendproductsaremuchthesame.Thefirstwouldintroduceaformofslaverybutthesecondwouldbeabiologicaltriumphwhichcouldbenefitbothmenandanimals.Notes:surrealistic超现实的primate灵长类动物gorilla大猩猩baboon狒狒.chore杂活.caretodosth.常用于否定句=willingtodooragreetodosth.愿意做某事trustAwithB把B托付给Aegregious通常指环人或坏事异乎寻常的突出的Homesapiens人类finalen.结局Epsilons奴隶人名assorted各色各样的Utopia乌托邦理想主义 Accordingtothetexttheapeshouldbeconsideredforcertainjobs
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.19
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.1
Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.46Atpresentitisgenerallyacceptedalthoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebasisofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspaceintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway.47Thisdoesnotmeanhoweverthatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspaceintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.AstothisrathercomplexsubjectIshallwithinthescopeofthislectureenterintooneaspectonlynamelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities. 48Thetheoreticalseparationoflivingworkingtrafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanninghasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhomewhereastherehasbeenrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome.49Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotrightbecauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworkingisusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthefrontdoor. 50Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossibleandthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrictifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreetsbecausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreatifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweatherinshortifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthefrontdoorisshut. Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossibleandthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect
Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.46Atpresentitisgenerallyacceptedalthoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebasisofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspaceintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway.47Thisdoesnotmeanhoweverthatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspaceintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.AstothisrathercomplexsubjectIshallwithinthescopeofthislectureenterintooneaspectonlynamelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities. 48Thetheoreticalseparationoflivingworkingtrafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanninghasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhomewhereastherehasbeenrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome.49Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotrightbecauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworkingisusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthefrontdoor. 50Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossibleandthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrictifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreetsbecausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreatifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweatherinshortifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthefrontdoorisshut. Thetheoreticalseparationoflivingworkingtrafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanninghasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhomewhereastherehasbeenrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome
Greenspacefacilitiesarecontributingtoanimportantextenttothequalityoftheurbanenvironment.Fortunatelyitisnolongernecessarythateverylectureoreverybookaboutthissubjecthastostartwiththeproofofthisidea.46Atpresentitisgenerallyacceptedalthoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebasisofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof.Therecognitionoftheimportanceofgreenspaceintheurbanenvironmentisafirststepontherightway.47Thisdoesnotmeanhoweverthatsufficientdetailsareknownaboutthefunctionsofgreenspaceintownsandaboutthewayinwhichtheinhabitantsareusingthesespaces.AstothisrathercomplexsubjectIshallwithinthescopeofthislectureenterintooneaspectonlynamelytherecreativefunctionofgreenspacefacilities. 48Thetheoreticalseparationoflivingworkingtrafficandrecreationwhichformanyyearshasbeenusedintown-and-countryplanninghasinmyopinionresultedindisproportionateattentionforformsofrecreationfarfromhomewhereastherehasbeenrelativelylittleattentionforimprovementofrecreativepossibilitiesinthedirectneighborhoodofthehome.49Wehavecometotheconclusionthatthisisnotrightbecauseanimportantpartofthetimewhichwedonotpassinsleepingorworkingisusedforactivitiesatandaroundhome.Soitisobviousthatrecreationintheopenairhastobeginatthefrontdoor. 50Theurbanenvironmenthastoofferasmanyrecreationactivitiesaspossibleandthedesignofthesehastobesuchthatmoreobligatoryactivitiescanalsohavearecreativeaspect.Theverybeststandardoflivingisnothingifitisnotpossibletotakeapleasantwalkinthedistrictifthechildrencannotbeallowedtoplayinthestreetsbecausetherisksoftrafficaretoogreatifduringshoppingyoucannowherefindaspotforenjoyingforamomenttheniceweatherinshortifyouonlyfeelyourselfathomeafterthefrontdoorisshut. Atpresentitisgenerallyacceptedalthoughmoreasaself-evidentstatementthanonthebasisofaclosely-reasonedscientificproof
SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingABCorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Text1Whenintheageofautomationmansearchesforaworkertodothetediousunpleasantjobsthataremoreorlessimpossibletomechanizehemayveryprofitablyconsidertheape.Ifwetackledtheproblemofbreedingforbrainswithasmuchenthusiasmaswedevotetobreedingdogsofsurrealisticshapeswecouldeventuallyproduceassortedmodelsofusefulprimatesranginginsizefromthegorilladowntothebabooneachadaptedtoaspecialkindofwork.Itisnotputtingtoomuchstrainontheimaginationtoassumethatgeneticistscouldproduceasuper-apewhichisabletounderstandsomescoresofwordsandcapableofbeingtrainedforsuchjobsaspickingfruitcleaningupthelitterinparksshiningshoescollectinggarbagedoinghouseholdchoresandevenbaby-sittingalthoughIhaveknownsomebabiesIwouldnotcaretotrustwithavaluableape.ApescoulddomanyjobssuchascleaningstreetsandthemorerepetitivetypesofagriculturalworkwithoutsupervisionthoughtheymightneedprotectionfromthoseegregiousspecimensofHomesapienswhothinkitamusingtoteaseorbullyanythingtheyconsiderlowerontheevolutionaryladder.Forothertaskssuchasdeliveringpapersandlaboringonthedocksourman-apewouldhavetoworkunderhumanoverseers;andincidentallyIwouldlovetoseethefinaleofthetwenty-firstcenturyversionofOntheWaterfrontinwhichthehonestbuthairyherowilldrumonhischestafter—literally—takingthewickedlaborleaderapart.OnceasupplyofnonhumanworkersbecomesavailableawholerangeoflowIQjobscouldbethankfullygivenupbymankindtoitsgreatmentalandphysicaladvantage.WhatismoreoneoftheproblemswhichhasannoyedsomanyfictionalUtopiaswouldbeavoided:TherewouldbenoneofthedegradinglysubhumanEpsilonsofHuxley’sBraveNewWorldtoactasapermanentreproachtosocietyforthereisaprofoundmoraldifferencebetweenbreedingsub-menandsuper-apesthoughtheendproductsaremuchthesame.Thefirstwouldintroduceaformofslaverybutthesecondwouldbeabiologicaltriumphwhichcouldbenefitbothmenandanimals.Notes:surrealistic超现实的primate灵长类动物gorilla大猩猩baboon狒狒.chore杂活.caretodosth.常用于否定句=willingtodooragreetodosth.愿意做某事trustAwithB把B托付给Aegregious通常指环人或坏事异乎寻常的突出的Homesapiens人类finalen.结局Epsilons奴隶人名assorted各色各样的Utopia乌托邦理想主义 Accordingtotheauthorbreedingsuper-apeswouldbe
SectionⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.Whenadiseaseofepidemicproportionsthreatensthepublicscientistsimmediatelygettoworktryingtolocatethesourceofafflictionandfindwaystocombat.Vaccinationisoneoftheeffectivewaystoprotectthe1populationofaregionorcountrywhichmaybe2graverisk.Theprocessofvaccinationallowsthepatient’sbodyto3immunitytothevirusordiseasesothatifitisencounteredonecanfightit4naturally.Toaccomplishthisasmallweakordead5ofthediseaseisactuallyinjectedintothepatientinacontrolledenvironment6hisbody’simmunesystemcanlearntofighttheinvader7.Information8howtopenetratethedisease’sdefensesis9toallelementsofthepatient’simmunesysteminaprocessthatoccursnaturallyinwhichgeneticinformationispassedfromcelltocell.Thismakessurethat10thepatientlatercomeintocontactwiththerealproblemhisbodyiswellequipped.andtrainedto11withithavingalreadydonesobefore.Therearehoweverdangers12intheprocess.13eventheweakenedversionofthediseasecontainedinthevaccineproves14muchforthebodytohandleresultingintheimmunesystem15andthereforethepatient’sdeath.Suchisthecaseofthesmallpoxvaccine16toeradicatethesmallpoxepidemicthatnearly17thewholeNativeAmericanpopulationandkilledmassivenumbersofsettlers.18lin10000peoplewhoreceivethevaccine19thesmallpoxdiseasefromthevaccineitselfanddiesfromit.Consequentlytheprocesswhichistrulya20mayindeedhidesomehiddencurses.Notes:proportionspl.规模程度大小.affliction疾病痛苦.vaccinationn.接种疫苗.eradicatev.根除消灭 Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.15
Text2Timespentinabookshopcanbemostenjoyablewhetheryouareabook-loverormerelytheretobuyabookasapresent.Youmayevenhaveenteredtheshopjusttofindshelterfromasuddenshower.Whateverthereasonyoucansoonbecometotallyunawareofyoursurroundings.Thedesiretopickupabookwithanattractivedust-jacketisirresistiblealthoughthismethodofselectionoughtnottobefollowedasyoumightendupwitharatherdullbook.Yousoonbecomeabsorbedinsomebookorotherandusuallyitisonlymuchlaterthatyourealizethatyouhavespentfartoomuchtimethereandmustdashofftokeepsomeforgottenappointment—withoutbuyingabookofcourse.ThisopportunitytoescapetherealitiesofeverydaylifeisIthinkthemainattractionofabookshop.Therearenotmanyplaceswhereitispossibletodothis.Amusicshopisverymuchlikeabookshop.Youcanwanderroundsuchplacestoyourheart’scontent.Ifitisagoodshopnoassistantwillapproachyouwiththeinevitablegreeting:"CanIhelpyousire."Youneedn’tbuyanythingyoudon’twant.InaBookshopanassistantshouldremaininthebackgrounduntilyouhavefinishedbrowsing.Thenandonlythenarehisservicesnecessary.Ofcourseyoumaywanttofindoutwhereaparticularsectionisbutwhenhehasledyoutheretheassistantshouldretirediscreetlyandlookasifheisnotinterestedinsellingasinglebook.You-havetobecarefulnottobeattractedbythevarietyofbooksinabookshop.Itisveryeasytoentertheshoplookingforabookonsayancientcoinsandtocomeoutcarryingacopyofthelatestbest-sellingnovelandperhapsabookaboutbrass-rubbing—somethingwhichhadonlyvaguelyinterestedyouuptillthen.Thisvolumeonthesubjecthoweverhappenedtobesowellillustratedandthepartofthetextyoureadprovedsointerestingthatyoujusthadtobuyit.Thissortofthingcanbeverydangerous.Apartfromrunningupahugeaccountyoucanwasteagreatdealoftimewanderingfromsectiontosection.Booksellersmustbebothlong-sufferingandindulgent.Thereisastorywhichwellillustratesthis.Amedicalstudenthadtoreadatextbookwhichwasfartooexpensiveforhimtobuy.Hecouldn’tobtainitfromthelibraryandtheonlycopyhecouldfindwasinhisbookshop.Everyafternoonthereforehewouldgoalongtotheshopandreadalittleofthebookatatime.Onedayhoweverhewasdismayedtofindthebookmissingfromitsusualplaceandabouttoleavewhenhenoticedtheowneroftheshopbeckoningtohim.Expectingtobereproachedhewenttowardhim.Tohissurprisetheownerpointedtothebookwhichwastuckedawayinacorner."Iputitthereincaseanyonewastemptedtobuyit"hesaidandleftthedelightedstudenttocontinuehisreading.Notestoone’sheart’scontent尽情地runup积聚招致beckonv.打招呼 Theauthorimpliesthatitisveryeasytoenterabookshopandbuy
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