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Directions: AStudythegraphsbelowCarefullyandwriteanessayofabout200words. BYouressaymustcoveralltheinformationprovidedandmeettherequirementsbelow: 1interpretthepicture; 2explaintherolesofthemigrantworkers; 3yourcomments. ThePercentageofMigrantWorkersinaChineseCity
Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslate theunderlinedsegmentsintoChineseYourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatly onANSWERSHEET2. TelevisionhastransformedpoliticsintheUnitedStatesbychangingthe wayinwhichinformationisdistributedbyalteringpoliticalcampaignsand changingcitizens’patternsofresponsetopolitics.Bygivingcitizen’s independentaccesstothecandidatestelevisiondismissedtheroleofthe politicalpartyintheselectionofthemajorpartycandidates.Bycantering politicsonthepersonofcandidatestelevisionacceleratedthecitizen’sfocus oncharacterratherthanissues.Televisionhasalteredthe formsofpoliticalcommunicationaswell.47Themessagesonwhichmostof usrelyarebrieferthantheyoncewerethestumpspeechapoliticalspeech givenbytravellingpoliticiansandlasting1.5to2hourswhichcharacterized nineteenth-centurypoliticaldiscoursehasgivenwaytothe30second advertisementandthen10secondsoundbiteinbroadcastnews. Increasinglytheaudienceforspeechesisnotthatstandinginfrontofthe politicianbutrathertheviewingaudiencewhowillhearandseeaclipofthe speechonthenews.Intheseabbreviatedformsmuchofwhat consistedthetraditionalpoliticaldiscourseofearlierageshasbeenlost. 48In15or30secondsaspeakercan’testablishthehistoricalcontext thatshapedtheissueinquestioncannotdetailtheprobablecausesofthe problemandcannotexaminealternativeproposalstoarguethatoneis preferabletoothers.Inclipspoliticiansassertbutdonot argue.Becausetelevisionisanintimatemediumspeaking throughitrequiredachangedpoliticalstylethatwasmoreconversational personalandvisualthanthatoftheold-stylestumpspeech.Relianceon televisionmeansthatincreasinglyourpoliticalworldcontainsmemorable picturesratherthanmemorablewords.Schoolsteachusnotanalyzewordsand print.49Howeverinaworldinwhichpoliticsisincreasinglyvisual informedcitizenshiprequiresanewsetofskills. Recognizingthepoweroftelevision’spicturespoliticianscraft televisualandstagedeventscalledpseudo-eventsdesignedtoattractmedia coverage.50Politicianstheirspeechwritersandtheirpublicrelations advisersfortelevisedconsumptionhavecraftedmuchofthepoliticalactivity weseeontelevisionnews.Soundbitesinnewsandanswerstoquestionsin debatesincreasinglysoundlikeadvertisements.
Text4 LASTmonthAmerica’sNationalLaw Journaltolditsreadersthatemploymentlawyersarewarninglovestruck co-workerstotakeprecautionsintheofficebeforelockinglipsoutside.The advicecametoolateforHarryStonecipher.ThebossofBoeingwasforcedto resignlastweekend—forreasonsthatwillstrikemanyoutsidersasabsurd—after hisboardweretoldofanaffairthatthe68-year-oldmarriedmanhadbeen conductingwithafemaleemployeewhodidnotreportdirectlyto himInevitablyastheweekrolledondetailsoftheaffair rolledout.Theotherpartywasre2portedtobeDebraPeabodywhoisunmarried andhasworkedforBoeingfor25years.Thecoupleweresaidtohavefirstgot togetheratBoeing’sannualretreatatPalmDesertCaliforniainJanuary.After thatmuchoftheaffairmusthavebeenconductedfromadistance:Mr. Stonecipher’sofficeisatBoeing’sheadquartersinChicago;MsPeabodyrunsthe firm’sgovernment-relationsofficeinWashingtonDC.Theyexchangede-mailsit seemsasofficeloverstendtodothesedaysandthereinprobablylayMr Stonecipher’sdownfallLewisPlattBoeing’schairmansaidthat MrStonecipherbrokeacompanyrulethatsays:Employeeswillnotengagein conductoractivitythatmayraisequestionsastothecompany’shonesty impartialityreputationorotherwisecauseembarrassmenttothecompany. Havinganaffairwithafellowemployeeisnotofitselfagainstcompany rules;causingembarrassmenttoBoeingis.Itseemsthattheboardjudgedthat thecontentsofthelovers’e-mailswouldhavebeenbadforBoeinghadtheybeen madepublic.Gonearethedayswhenaboardconsideredsuchmattersnoneofits businessasCitibank’sdidin1991whenitsbossJohnReedbecamethetalkof WailStreetforhavinganaffairwithastewardessonCiti’scorporate jet.AtBoeingawhistleblowerissaidtohaveforwardedthe messagestoMrPlatt.Ingenerale-mailsareencryptedandnotaccessibleto anyonewhodoesnotknowthesender’spassword.Butmanyfirmsinstall softwaredesignedtosearchelectroniccommunicationsforkeywordssuchas sexandCEO.Astudylastyearof840AmericanfirmsbytheAmerican ManagementAssociationfoundthat60%ofthemcheckexternale-mailsincoming andoutgoingwhile27%scrutinizeinternalmessagesbetweenemployees. Sweetnothingswhisperedbythewatercoolermaytravellessfarthesedaysthan electronicbilletsdoux.Boeingisparticularlysensitiveto embarrassmentatthemoment.Mr.Stonecipherwasrecalledfromretirementonly 15monthsagoafterthecompany’spreviousbossPhilConditanditschief financialofficerMichaelSearshadleftinthewakeofascandalinvolvingan illegaljoboffertoaPentagonofficial.MrStoneciphera crustyformernumbertwoatBoeingwasbroughtbackspecificallytoraisethe company’sethicalstandardsandtohelpitbeseeninitsmainandaffectedly puritanicalmarketinWashingtonDCassqueakyclean.Verbally explicitextra-maritalaffairsareinconsistentwithsuchastrategyitseems thoughtheyarenotyetenoughtobringdownfuturekingsofEngland. Incorporatelifesuchaffairsarehardlyunusual.Onesurveyfoundthat one-quarterofalllong-termrelationshipsstartatwork;anotherfoundthat over40%ofexecutivessaytheyhavebeeninvolvedinanaffairwitha colleagueandthatinhaftofthesecasesoneorotherpartywasmarriedatthe time.Manyabosshasmarriedhisassistantandlivedhappilyeverafter.Boeing apparentlyusedtoacceptthis:Mr.Condit’sfourthwifewasacolleaguebefore theymarried.Thewordwhistleblowerline1paragraph4mostprobablyreferstoapersonwho
Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslate theunderlinedsegmentsintoChineseYourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatly onANSWERSHEET2. TelevisionhastransformedpoliticsintheUnitedStatesbychangingthe wayinwhichinformationisdistributedbyalteringpoliticalcampaignsand changingcitizens’patternsofresponsetopolitics.Bygivingcitizen’s independentaccesstothecandidatestelevisiondismissedtheroleofthe politicalpartyintheselectionofthemajorpartycandidates.Bycantering politicsonthepersonofcandidatestelevisionacceleratedthecitizen’sfocus oncharacterratherthanissues.Televisionhasalteredthe formsofpoliticalcommunicationaswell.47Themessagesonwhichmostof usrelyarebrieferthantheyoncewerethestumpspeechapoliticalspeech givenbytravellingpoliticiansandlasting1.5to2hourswhichcharacterized nineteenth-centurypoliticaldiscoursehasgivenwaytothe30second advertisementandthen10secondsoundbiteinbroadcastnews. Increasinglytheaudienceforspeechesisnotthatstandinginfrontofthe politicianbutrathertheviewingaudiencewhowillhearandseeaclipofthe speechonthenews.Intheseabbreviatedformsmuchofwhat consistedthetraditionalpoliticaldiscourseofearlierageshasbeenlost. 48In15or30secondsaspeakercan’testablishthehistoricalcontext thatshapedtheissueinquestioncannotdetailtheprobablecausesofthe problemandcannotexaminealternativeproposalstoarguethatoneis preferabletoothers.Inclipspoliticiansassertbutdonot argue.Becausetelevisionisanintimatemediumspeaking throughitrequiredachangedpoliticalstylethatwasmoreconversational personalandvisualthanthatoftheold-stylestumpspeech.Relianceon televisionmeansthatincreasinglyourpoliticalworldcontainsmemorable picturesratherthanmemorablewords.Schoolsteachusnotanalyzewordsand print.49Howeverinaworldinwhichpoliticsisincreasinglyvisual informedcitizenshiprequiresanewsetofskills. Recognizingthepoweroftelevision’spicturespoliticianscraft televisualandstagedeventscalledpseudo-eventsdesignedtoattractmedia coverage.50Politicianstheirspeechwritersandtheirpublicrelations advisersfortelevisedconsumptionhavecraftedmuchofthepoliticalactivity weseeontelevisionnews.Soundbitesinnewsandanswerstoquestionsin debatesincreasinglysoundlikeadvertisements.
休克时微循环淤血期组织缺氧的主要原因是
肾功能衰竭时一定有
Text3 ThehumanYchromosome--theDNAchunk thatmakesamanaman—haslostsomanygenesoverevolutionarytimethatsome scientistshavesuspecteditmightdisappearin10millionyears.Butanew studysaysit’llstickaround.Researchersfoundnosignofgene lossoverthepast6millionyearssuggestingthechromosomeisdoingapretty goodjobofmaintainingitselfsaidresearcherDavidPageoftheWhitehead InstituteforBiomedicalResearchinCambridgeMass.That agreeswithpriormathematicalcalculationsthatsuggestedtherateofgeneloss wouldslowasthechromosomeevolvedPageandstudyco-authorsnotein Thursday’sissueofthejournalNature.AndtheysayitclasheswithwhatPage calledtheimminentdemiseideathatsaystheYchromosomeisdoomedto extinction.TheYappeared300millionyearsagoandhassince erodedintoadinkychromosomebecauseitlacksthemechanismotherchromosomes havetogetridofdamagedDNA.Somutationshavedisabledhundredsofits originalgenescausingthemtobeshedasuseless.TheYnowcontainsonly27 genesorfamiliesofvirtuallyidenticalgenes.In2003Page reportedthatthemodern-dayYhasanunusualmechanismtofixabouthalfofits genesandprotectthemfromdisappearing.Buthesaidsomescientistsdisagreed withhisconclusion.ThenewpaperfocusesonaregionoftheYchromosomewhere genescan’tbefixedthatway.Researcherscomparedthehuman andchimpanzeeversionsofthisregion.Humansandchimpshavebeenevolving separatelyforabout6millionyearssoscientistsreasonedthatthe comparisonswouldrevealgenesthathavebecomedisabledinonespeciesorthe otherduringthattime.Theyfoundfivesuchgenesonthechimp chromosomebutnoneonthehumanchromosomeanimbalancePagecalled surprising.Itlooksliketherehasbeenlittleifanygenelossinourown specieslineageinthelast6millionyearsPagesaid.Thatcontradictsthe ideathatthehumanYchromosomehascontinuedtolosegenessofastit’ll disappearin10millionyearshesaid.Ithinkwecanwithconfidencedismiss ...the’imminentdemise’theoryPagesaid.JenniferA. MarshallGravesoftheAustralianNationalUniversityinCanberraagene researcherwhoarguesforeventualextinctionoftheYchromosomecalledPage’s workbeautifulbutsaiditdidn’tshakeherconvictionthattheYis doomed.TheonlyrealquestioniswhennotiftheYchromosome disappearsshesaid.Itcouldbealotshorterthan10millionyearsbutit couldbealotlongershesaid.TheYchromosomehasalready disappearedinsomeotheranimalsandthere’snoreasontoexpectitcan’t happentohumansshesaid.Ifithappenedinpeoplesomeotherchromosome wouldprobablytakeoverthesex-determiningroleoftheYshe said.Jenniferseemstobelievethat
下列哪种情况不能归类于急性炎症
Text3 ThehumanYchromosome--theDNAchunk thatmakesamanaman—haslostsomanygenesoverevolutionarytimethatsome scientistshavesuspecteditmightdisappearin10millionyears.Butanew studysaysit’llstickaround.Researchersfoundnosignofgene lossoverthepast6millionyearssuggestingthechromosomeisdoingapretty goodjobofmaintainingitselfsaidresearcherDavidPageoftheWhitehead InstituteforBiomedicalResearchinCambridgeMass.That agreeswithpriormathematicalcalculationsthatsuggestedtherateofgeneloss wouldslowasthechromosomeevolvedPageandstudyco-authorsnotein Thursday’sissueofthejournalNature.AndtheysayitclasheswithwhatPage calledtheimminentdemiseideathatsaystheYchromosomeisdoomedto extinction.TheYappeared300millionyearsagoandhassince erodedintoadinkychromosomebecauseitlacksthemechanismotherchromosomes havetogetridofdamagedDNA.Somutationshavedisabledhundredsofits originalgenescausingthemtobeshedasuseless.TheYnowcontainsonly27 genesorfamiliesofvirtuallyidenticalgenes.In2003Page reportedthatthemodern-dayYhasanunusualmechanismtofixabouthalfofits genesandprotectthemfromdisappearing.Buthesaidsomescientistsdisagreed withhisconclusion.ThenewpaperfocusesonaregionoftheYchromosomewhere genescan’tbefixedthatway.Researcherscomparedthehuman andchimpanzeeversionsofthisregion.Humansandchimpshavebeenevolving separatelyforabout6millionyearssoscientistsreasonedthatthe comparisonswouldrevealgenesthathavebecomedisabledinonespeciesorthe otherduringthattime.Theyfoundfivesuchgenesonthechimp chromosomebutnoneonthehumanchromosomeanimbalancePagecalled surprising.Itlooksliketherehasbeenlittleifanygenelossinourown specieslineageinthelast6millionyearsPagesaid.Thatcontradictsthe ideathatthehumanYchromosomehascontinuedtolosegenessofastit’ll disappearin10millionyearshesaid.Ithinkwecanwithconfidencedismiss ...the’imminentdemise’theoryPagesaid.JenniferA. MarshallGravesoftheAustralianNationalUniversityinCanberraagene researcherwhoarguesforeventualextinctionoftheYchromosomecalledPage’s workbeautifulbutsaiditdidn’tshakeherconvictionthattheYis doomed.TheonlyrealquestioniswhennotiftheYchromosome disappearsshesaid.Itcouldbealotshorterthan10millionyearsbutit couldbealotlongershesaid.TheYchromosomehasalready disappearedinsomeotheranimalsandthere’snoreasontoexpectitcan’t happentohumansshesaid.Ifithappenedinpeoplesomeotherchromosome wouldprobablytakeoverthesex-determiningroleoftheYshe said.Pageseemstobelievethat
门脉__症时的侧支循环形成可出现
在风湿病中最具病理诊断意义的病变是
下列疾病哪种是细菌直接引起的
造成血浆胶体渗透压降低的主要原因是
肾活检显示肾小球只有少数毛细血管开放而大多数肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞肿胀和中性粒细胞浸润此时最可能的诊断是
肝硬变病人有出血倾向其主要因素是
Directions:Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslate theunderlinedsegmentsintoChineseYourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatly onANSWERSHEET2. TelevisionhastransformedpoliticsintheUnitedStatesbychangingthe wayinwhichinformationisdistributedbyalteringpoliticalcampaignsand changingcitizens’patternsofresponsetopolitics.Bygivingcitizen’s independentaccesstothecandidatestelevisiondismissedtheroleofthe politicalpartyintheselectionofthemajorpartycandidates.Bycantering politicsonthepersonofcandidatestelevisionacceleratedthecitizen’sfocus oncharacterratherthanissues.Televisionhasalteredthe formsofpoliticalcommunicationaswell.47Themessagesonwhichmostof usrelyarebrieferthantheyoncewerethestumpspeechapoliticalspeech givenbytravellingpoliticiansandlasting1.5to2hourswhichcharacterized nineteenth-centurypoliticaldiscoursehasgivenwaytothe30second advertisementandthen10secondsoundbiteinbroadcastnews. Increasinglytheaudienceforspeechesisnotthatstandinginfrontofthe politicianbutrathertheviewingaudiencewhowillhearandseeaclipofthe speechonthenews.Intheseabbreviatedformsmuchofwhat consistedthetraditionalpoliticaldiscourseofearlierageshasbeenlost. 48In15or30secondsaspeakercan’testablishthehistoricalcontext thatshapedtheissueinquestioncannotdetailtheprobablecausesofthe problemandcannotexaminealternativeproposalstoarguethatoneis preferabletoothers.Inclipspoliticiansassertbutdonot argue.Becausetelevisionisanintimatemediumspeaking throughitrequiredachangedpoliticalstylethatwasmoreconversational personalandvisualthanthatoftheold-stylestumpspeech.Relianceon televisionmeansthatincreasinglyourpoliticalworldcontainsmemorable picturesratherthanmemorablewords.Schoolsteachusnotanalyzewordsand print.49Howeverinaworldinwhichpoliticsisincreasinglyvisual informedcitizenshiprequiresanewsetofskills. Recognizingthepoweroftelevision’spicturespoliticianscraft televisualandstagedeventscalledpseudo-eventsdesignedtoattractmedia coverage.50Politicianstheirspeechwritersandtheirpublicrelations advisersfortelevisedconsumptionhavecraftedmuchofthepoliticalactivity weseeontelevisionnews.Soundbitesinnewsandanswerstoquestionsin debatesincreasinglysoundlikeadvertisements.
Text2 WHAT’SthedifferencebetweenGodand LarryEllisonasksanoldsoftwareindustryjoke.Answer:Goddoesn’tthink he’sLarryEllison.ThebossofOracleishardlyaloneamongcorporatechiefsin havingareputationforbeingratherkeenonhimself.Indeed’untilthebubble burstandthepublicturnednastyatthestartofthedecadethecultofthe celebritychiefexecutiveseemedtodemandbosslynarcissismasevidencethata firmwasbeingledbyanall-conqueringhero.Narcissusmeta nastyendofcourse.Andinrecentyearsboss-worshiphascometobeseenas badforbusiness.InhismanagementbestsellerGoodtoGreatJimCollins arguedthatthetrulysuccessfulbosseswerenottheserf-proclaimedstarswho adornthecoversofForbesandFortunebutinsteadself-effacingthoughtful monkishsortswholeadbyinspiringexample.Astatistical answermaybeathand.ForthefirsttimeanewstudyIt’sAllAboutMeto bepresentednextweekattheannualgatheringoftheAmericanAcademyof Managementoffersasystematicempiricalanalysisofwhateffect narcissisticbosseshaveonthefirmstheyrun.TheauthorsArijitChatterjee andDonaldHambrickofPennsylvaniaStateUniversityexaminednarcissismin theupperlevelsof105firmsinthecomputerandsoftwareindustries. Todothistheybadtosolveapracticalproblem:studiesofnarcissism havehithertoreliedonsurveyingindividualspersonallysomethingfor whichfewchiefexecutivesarelikelytohavetimeorinclination.Sothe authorsdevisedanindexofnarcissismusingsixpubliclyavailableindicators obtainablewithouttheco-operationoftheboss.Theseare:theprominenceof theboss’sphotointheannualreport;hisprominenceincompanypress releases;thelengthofhisWho’sWhoentry;thefrequencyofhisuseofthe firstpersonsingularininterviews;andtheratiosofhiscashandnon-cash compensationtothoseofthefirm’ssecond-highestpaid executive.Narcissismnaturallydrivespeopletoseekpositions ofpowerandinfluenceandbecausegreatself-esteemhelpsyourprofessional advancesaytheauthorschiefexecutiveswilltendonaveragetobemore narcissisticthanthegeneralpopulation.HowdoesthataffectafirmMessrs ChatterjeeandHambrickfoundthathighlynarcissisticbossestendedtomake biggerchangesintheuseofimportantresourcessuchasresearchand developmentorinspendingandleverage;theycarriedoutmoreandbigger mergersandacquisitions;andtheirresultswerebothmoreextrememorebig winsorbiglossesandmoretransientthanthoseoffirmsrunbytheirhumbler peers.Forshareholdersthatcouldbegoodorbad.Although oddlytheauthorsarekeepingtheirnarcissismrankingsecrettheyhave revealedthatMrEllisondidnotcometop.Alasforhimthatmaybebecausethe studylimiteditsefftopeoplewhobecamethebossafter1991--wellafterhe tookthehelm.IneveryrespectMrEllisonseemstobetheclassicnarcissistic bossclaimsMrChatterjee.Thereislifeintheoldjoke yet.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat
慢性胃溃疡最常见的并发症为
混合血栓多见于下述哪种情况
鼻咽癌最早的转移部位是
肝脂肪变性时肉眼观察主要病变是
Directions:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext aboutthefunctionsofadvertisment.Choosethemostsuitableheadingfromthe listA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph4145.Thereisoneextrabeadingwhich youdonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1. [A]Advertisementsaddintereststolife[B]Advertisementshelptosave money[C]Criticismsonadvertisers[D]Usefulnessofsmall advertisements[E]Trueaestheticvalueofadvertisement[F]Informing: thechieffunctionofadvertising41______ Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey’realways cominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhavea flairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround. It’siniquitoustheysaythatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryffwe cancallitthatshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoesto showhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon’ttheystop advertisingandreducethepriceOftheirgoodsAfterailit’stheconsumer whopay...42______Thepooroldconsumer!He’d havetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsfor products.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoods aresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeof advertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.A greatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfrom theadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsor remindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwanted tobuyawashingmachineitismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetails regardingperformancepriceetc.fromanadvertisement. 43______Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverread advertisementsbutthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossible nottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenaretoo!Just thinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithout advertisements.Wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaylaws whilewaitingforatrainWouldyouliketoreadonlyclosely-printedcolumns ofnewsinyourdailypaperAcheerfulwittyadvertisementmakessucha differencetoadrabwallornewspaperfullofthedailyrationof calamities.44______Wemustnotforgeteither thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers commercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissource ofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaperorcanenjoyso manybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Just thinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice! 45______Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthesmall ads.whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendously usefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbe accomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstanceyoucanfindajobbuyor sellahouseannounceabirthmarriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe hatchmatchanddispatchcolumns;butbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionis thepersonaloragonycolumn.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuch entertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthe bestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!
乳腺单纯癌指的是
与肝性脑病发病有关的假性神经介质是
炎症渗出的最基本要素是
Text4 LASTmonthAmerica’sNationalLaw Journaltolditsreadersthatemploymentlawyersarewarninglovestruck co-workerstotakeprecautionsintheofficebeforelockinglipsoutside.The advicecametoolateforHarryStonecipher.ThebossofBoeingwasforcedto resignlastweekend—forreasonsthatwillstrikemanyoutsidersasabsurd—after hisboardweretoldofanaffairthatthe68-year-oldmarriedmanhadbeen conductingwithafemaleemployeewhodidnotreportdirectlyto himInevitablyastheweekrolledondetailsoftheaffair rolledout.Theotherpartywasre2portedtobeDebraPeabodywhoisunmarried andhasworkedforBoeingfor25years.Thecoupleweresaidtohavefirstgot togetheratBoeing’sannualretreatatPalmDesertCaliforniainJanuary.After thatmuchoftheaffairmusthavebeenconductedfromadistance:Mr. Stonecipher’sofficeisatBoeing’sheadquartersinChicago;MsPeabodyrunsthe firm’sgovernment-relationsofficeinWashingtonDC.Theyexchangede-mailsit seemsasofficeloverstendtodothesedaysandthereinprobablylayMr Stonecipher’sdownfallLewisPlattBoeing’schairmansaidthat MrStonecipherbrokeacompanyrulethatsays:Employeeswillnotengagein conductoractivitythatmayraisequestionsastothecompany’shonesty impartialityreputationorotherwisecauseembarrassmenttothecompany. Havinganaffairwithafellowemployeeisnotofitselfagainstcompany rules;causingembarrassmenttoBoeingis.Itseemsthattheboardjudgedthat thecontentsofthelovers’e-mailswouldhavebeenbadforBoeinghadtheybeen madepublic.Gonearethedayswhenaboardconsideredsuchmattersnoneofits businessasCitibank’sdidin1991whenitsbossJohnReedbecamethetalkof WailStreetforhavinganaffairwithastewardessonCiti’scorporate jet.AtBoeingawhistleblowerissaidtohaveforwardedthe messagestoMrPlatt.Ingenerale-mailsareencryptedandnotaccessibleto anyonewhodoesnotknowthesender’spassword.Butmanyfirmsinstall softwaredesignedtosearchelectroniccommunicationsforkeywordssuchas sexandCEO.Astudylastyearof840AmericanfirmsbytheAmerican ManagementAssociationfoundthat60%ofthemcheckexternale-mailsincoming andoutgoingwhile27%scrutinizeinternalmessagesbetweenemployees. Sweetnothingswhisperedbythewatercoolermaytravellessfarthesedaysthan electronicbilletsdoux.Boeingisparticularlysensitiveto embarrassmentatthemoment.Mr.Stonecipherwasrecalledfromretirementonly 15monthsagoafterthecompany’spreviousbossPhilConditanditschief financialofficerMichaelSearshadleftinthewakeofascandalinvolvingan illegaljoboffertoaPentagonofficial.MrStoneciphera crustyformernumbertwoatBoeingwasbroughtbackspecificallytoraisethe company’sethicalstandardsandtohelpitbeseeninitsmainandaffectedly puritanicalmarketinWashingtonDCassqueakyclean.Verbally explicitextra-maritalaffairsareinconsistentwithsuchastrategyitseems thoughtheyarenotyetenoughtobringdownfuturekingsofEngland. Incorporatelifesuchaffairsarehardlyunusual.Onesurveyfoundthat one-quarterofalllong-termrelationshipsstartatwork;anotherfoundthat over40%ofexecutivessaytheyhavebeeninvolvedinanaffairwitha colleagueandthatinhaftofthesecasesoneorotherpartywasmarriedatthe time.Manyabosshasmarriedhisassistantandlivedhappilyeverafter.Boeing apparentlyusedtoacceptthis:Mr.Condit’sfourthwifewasacolleaguebefore theymarried.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat
Directions:Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatext aboutthefunctionsofadvertisment.Choosethemostsuitableheadingfromthe listA-Fforeachnumberedparagraph4145.Thereisoneextrabeadingwhich youdonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1. [A]Advertisementsaddintereststolife[B]Advertisementshelptosave money[C]Criticismsonadvertisers[D]Usefulnessofsmall advertisements[E]Trueaestheticvalueofadvertisement[F]Informing: thechieffunctionofadvertising41______ Advertiserstendtothinkbigandperhapsthisiswhythey’realways cominginforcriticism.Theircriticsseemtoresentthembecausetheyhavea flairforself-promotionandbecausetheyhavesomuchmoneytothrowaround. It’siniquitoustheysaythatthisentirelyunproductiveindustryffwe cancallitthatshouldabsorbmillionsofpoundseachyear.Itonlygoesto showhowmuchprofitthebigcompaniesaremaking.Whydon’ttheystop advertisingandreducethepriceOftheirgoodsAfterailit’stheconsumer whopay...42______Thepooroldconsumer!He’d havetopayagreatdealmoreifadvertisingdidn’tcreatemassmarketsfor products.Itispreciselybecauseoftheheavyadvertisingthatconsumergoods aresocheap.Butwegetthewrongideaifwethinktheonlypurposeof advertisingistosellgoods.Anotherequallyimportantfunctionistoinform.A greatdealoftheknowledgewehaveabouthouseholdgoodsderiveslargelyfrom theadvertisementsweread.Advertisementsintroduceustonewproductsor remindusoftheexistenceofoneswealreadyknowabout.Supposingyouwanted tobuyawashingmachineitismorethanlikelyyouwouldobtaindetails regardingperformancepriceetc.fromanadvertisement. 43______Lotsofpeoplepretendthattheyneverread advertisementsbutthisclaimmaybeseriouslydoubted.Itishardlypossible nottoreadadvertisementsthesedays.Andwhatfuntheyoftenaretoo!Just thinkwhatarailwaystationoranewspaperwouldbelikewithout advertisements.Wouldyouenjoygazingatablankwallorreadingrailwaylaws whilewaitingforatrainWouldyouliketoreadonlyclosely-printedcolumns ofnewsinyourdailypaperAcheerfulwittyadvertisementmakessucha differencetoadrabwallornewspaperfullofthedailyrationof calamities.44______Wemustnotforgeteither thatadvertisingmakesapositivecontributiontoourpockets.Newspapers commercialradioandtelevisioncompaniescouldnotsubsistwithoutthissource ofrevenue.Thefactthatwepaysolittleforourdailypaperorcanenjoyso manybroadcastprogramsisdueentirelytothemoneyspentbyadvertisers.Just thinkwhatanewspaperwouldcostifwehadtopayitsfullprice! 45______Anotherthingwemustn’tforgetisthesmall ads.whichareinvirtuallyeverynewspaperandmagazine.Whatatremendously usefulservicetheyperformforthecommunity!Justaboutanythingcanbe accomplishedthroughthesecolumns.Forinstanceyoucanfindajobbuyor sellahouseannounceabirthmarriageordeathinwhatusedtobecalledthe hatchmatchanddispatchcolumns;butbyfarthemostfascinatingsectionis thepersonaloragonycolumn.Nootheriteminanewspaperprovidessuch entertainingreadingorofferssuchadeepinsightintohumannature.It’sthe bestadvertisementforadvertisingthereis!
原发性肺结核病的肺内原发病灶常位于
阿米巴痢疾肠粘膜的炎症为
Text4 LASTmonthAmerica’sNationalLaw Journaltolditsreadersthatemploymentlawyersarewarninglovestruck co-workerstotakeprecautionsintheofficebeforelockinglipsoutside.The advicecametoolateforHarryStonecipher.ThebossofBoeingwasforcedto resignlastweekend—forreasonsthatwillstrikemanyoutsidersasabsurd—after hisboardweretoldofanaffairthatthe68-year-oldmarriedmanhadbeen conductingwithafemaleemployeewhodidnotreportdirectlyto himInevitablyastheweekrolledondetailsoftheaffair rolledout.Theotherpartywasre2portedtobeDebraPeabodywhoisunmarried andhasworkedforBoeingfor25years.Thecoupleweresaidtohavefirstgot togetheratBoeing’sannualretreatatPalmDesertCaliforniainJanuary.After thatmuchoftheaffairmusthavebeenconductedfromadistance:Mr. Stonecipher’sofficeisatBoeing’sheadquartersinChicago;MsPeabodyrunsthe firm’sgovernment-relationsofficeinWashingtonDC.Theyexchangede-mailsit seemsasofficeloverstendtodothesedaysandthereinprobablylayMr Stonecipher’sdownfallLewisPlattBoeing’schairmansaidthat MrStonecipherbrokeacompanyrulethatsays:Employeeswillnotengagein conductoractivitythatmayraisequestionsastothecompany’shonesty impartialityreputationorotherwisecauseembarrassmenttothecompany. Havinganaffairwithafellowemployeeisnotofitselfagainstcompany rules;causingembarrassmenttoBoeingis.Itseemsthattheboardjudgedthat thecontentsofthelovers’e-mailswouldhavebeenbadforBoeinghadtheybeen madepublic.Gonearethedayswhenaboardconsideredsuchmattersnoneofits businessasCitibank’sdidin1991whenitsbossJohnReedbecamethetalkof WailStreetforhavinganaffairwithastewardessonCiti’scorporate jet.AtBoeingawhistleblowerissaidtohaveforwardedthe messagestoMrPlatt.Ingenerale-mailsareencryptedandnotaccessibleto anyonewhodoesnotknowthesender’spassword.Butmanyfirmsinstall softwaredesignedtosearchelectroniccommunicationsforkeywordssuchas sexandCEO.Astudylastyearof840AmericanfirmsbytheAmerican ManagementAssociationfoundthat60%ofthemcheckexternale-mailsincoming andoutgoingwhile27%scrutinizeinternalmessagesbetweenemployees. Sweetnothingswhisperedbythewatercoolermaytravellessfarthesedaysthan electronicbilletsdoux.Boeingisparticularlysensitiveto embarrassmentatthemoment.Mr.Stonecipherwasrecalledfromretirementonly 15monthsagoafterthecompany’spreviousbossPhilConditanditschief financialofficerMichaelSearshadleftinthewakeofascandalinvolvingan illegaljoboffertoaPentagonofficial.MrStoneciphera crustyformernumbertwoatBoeingwasbroughtbackspecificallytoraisethe company’sethicalstandardsandtohelpitbeseeninitsmainandaffectedly puritanicalmarketinWashingtonDCassqueakyclean.Verbally explicitextra-maritalaffairsareinconsistentwithsuchastrategyitseems thoughtheyarenotyetenoughtobringdownfuturekingsofEngland. Incorporatelifesuchaffairsarehardlyunusual.Onesurveyfoundthat one-quarterofalllong-termrelationshipsstartatwork;anotherfoundthat over40%ofexecutivessaytheyhavebeeninvolvedinanaffairwitha colleagueandthatinhaftofthesecasesoneorotherpartywasmarriedatthe time.Manyabosshasmarriedhisassistantandlivedhappilyeverafter.Boeing apparentlyusedtoacceptthis:Mr.Condit’sfourthwifewasacolleaguebefore theymarried.Mr.Stonecipherhadtoleavehisjobbecause
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