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Wecanchooseourfriendsbutusuallywecannotchooseourneighbors.Howevertogetahappyhomelifewehavetogetalongwith__48__aswellaspossible. Animportantqualityinaneighborisconsiderationfor__49__.Peopleshouldnotdothings__50__willdisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.Forexampletelevisionsetsneednotbeplayedatfullvolume音量__51__loudpopmusicshouldnotbeplayedverylateatnight.Byavoidingthingslikelytoupsetyourneighborsyoucanenjoy__52__friendlyrelationshipwiththem. Anequallyimportantqualityistolerance.Neighborsshoulddoalltheycantoavoiddisturbingotherpeople__53__therearetimeswhensomelevelofdisturbanceisunavoidable.__54__neighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachothertheyhavetoshowtheirtolerance.Inthiswayeveryonewilllive__55__peace.
KidsandPonds YearsagotherewasagroupofkidswhowouldhangaroundatsomelocalpondsinthewoodsneartheirhousesinWarwickRhodeIsland.Insummertheycaughtfrogsandfish.Whenwinterarrivedtheycouldn’twaittogoskating.Timepassedandthepondsbecametheonlyopenspaceforthekidstoenjoythemselvesinthatneighborhood. Oneday.athirteen-year-oldboyfromthisgroupofkidsreadinthelocalnewspaperthatadeveloperwantedtofillinthepondsandbuildoverahundredsmallhousescalledcondominiums.Sotheboywentdoortodoorandgatheredmorethantwohundredsignatures签名tostopthedevelopmentAgroupofcitizensmetanddecidedtosupporthim. Atthemeetingofthetownplanningboard委员会theboywasquitenervousatfirstandspokeverysoftly.Butwhenhesawthefacesofhisfriendsandneighborsinthecrowdandthoughtaboutwhatwashappeningtotheirfavoritepondshisvoicegrewlouder.Hetoldthetownofficialsthattheyshouldspeakforthecitizens.Healsoinsistedthattheyshouldleaveenoughspaceforchildren.Afewdayslaterthedeveloperstoppedhisplan. Nineyearslaterwhenthatteenwasaseniorincollegehewasinformedthatthedeveloperwasbackwithhisproposaltobuildcondominiums.Nowtwenty-twoyearsoldhewasstudyingwetlandsecology.Heagainappearedbeforethetownplanningboard.Thistimeasanexpertwitnessheusedenvironmentalprotectionlawstoexplainrestrictionsondevelopmentinandaroundwetlandsandtheknowledgeofwetlandsecologytohelpimprovethedevelopment.Finallysomecondominiumswerebuiltbutlessthanhalfthenumberthedeveloperwanted.Thepondswherethosekidsusedtohangaroundwereprotectedbyastripofnaturallandandarestilltheretoday. Howdidtheboywinthecitizens’support Nomorethan10words 2marks
A WanttoimproveyourwritingskillsNewWritingSouthisdirectingtheway! TownerWriterSquad班组forkidsaged13-17 LedbycomedyandTVwriterMarianKilpatrickTownerWriterSquadwillmeetonceamonthatthecontemporaryartmuseumfor11monthsstarting12October2014. TheFREEsquadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstylesfrompoetrytoplaywritingandlyrics抒情诗toflashfictiontosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters. Application&Selection IfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquadpleasesendasamplepieceofyourwritingabout500wordsrespondingtothetitle‘LUNCH’withyournameageaddressande-mailaddressto:debo@newwritingsouth.com. Onceallapplicationsareincomyouwillbeinvitedtoanopenselectioneventon17September4-5pmatthegalleryofTowner.ThiswillbeaninformalopportunitytomeettheSquadLeaderSquadAssociateandotheryoungpeople. Youwillalsohaveachancetogettoknowthefantasticgalleryspaceandgetatasteofwhat’stocome. Deadlineforapplications:8September2014 Forfurtherinformationgoto:facebook.com/townerortowner.org.ukornewwritingsouth.com Anyquestions一feelfreetosendyoure-mailtoTownerWriterSquadAssociate:whame@towner.gov.uk ********* BeginnerWritingProjectforkidsaged10-13 Duetopopulardemandawritingprojectwillbestartedforeagerbeginners. Starttime:6September2014 MeeteveryotherSaturday2-4pmattheTownerStudyCentre. Studyandwriteatyourownpace一youdonothavetorush一asyouhaveayeartogothroughtheproject.Practiseundertheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteacherswhocanhelpyouwithbasicwritingskills.Mostimportantlybuildconfidenceandhavefunwhilewriting! Nopreviousexperienceorspecialbackgroundisrequired.Manyothershavebeensuccessfulthisway.Iftheycandoitwhycan’tyou Fee:￡179 Formoreinformationgoto:newtowner.org.ukorgenerate.org.uk ApplicationsfortheWriterSquadshouldbee-mailednolaterthan_______.
ThesummerbeforeIwentofftocollegeMomstoodmeinherusualspotbehindtheironingboard烫衣板andsaidPayattention:I’mgoingtoteachyoutoiron. Momclearlyexplainedher__36__forthislesson.Iwasgoingtobe__37__andneededtolearnthisvitalskill.AlsoIwouldbemeetingnewpeopleandproperlyironedclotheswouldhelpmemakeagood__38__. LearntoironashirtcomMomsaidandyoucanironanything. Butironingshirtswasnot__39__work.Itdidn’tmakeuseoflongmusclesweusedtothrowabaseballanditwasn’ta__40__operationlikeice-skating.Ironingwaslikedrivingacaronastreetthathasastopsignevery10feetMoreoveranironproducedsteamanditcarriedanelementof__41__.Ifyoutouchedthewrongpartofityou’dgetburnt.Ifyouforgottoturnitoffwhenyou__42__youmightbumdownthehouse. AsfortechniqueMom__43__metobeginwiththeflatspacesoutwardalwayspushingtheironforwardintowrinkled有褶皱的parts.Collarshadtobedoneright.Momsaidtheywereclosetoyourfacewhereeveryonewould__44__them. OvertheyearsI’velearnedtoironshirtsskillfullywhichgivesmeasenseof__45__WhateverfailuresIsufferinmylifeanironedshirttellsmeIamgoodatsomething.__46__throughironingI’velearnedthemethodforsolvingeventhemosttroublesomeproblems.__47__wrinklesoneatatimeasMommighthavesaidandbeforelongeverythingwillgetironedout.
C Thebehaviorofabuilding’susersmaybeatleastasimportantasitsdesignwhenitcomestoenergyuseaccordingtonewresearchfromtheUKEnergyResearchCentreUKERC.TheUKpromisestoreduceitscarbonemissions排放by80percentby2050partofwhichwillbeachievedbyallnewhomesbeingzero-carbonby2016.Butthisreportshowsthatsustainablebuildingdesignonitsown—thoughextremelyimportant-isnotenoughtoachievesuchreductions:thebehaviourofthepeopleusingthebuildinghastochangetoo. Thestudysuggeststhatthewaysthatpeopleuseandliveintheirhomeshavebeenlargelyignoredbyexistingeffortstoimproveenergyefficiency效率whichinsteadfocusonarchitecturalandtechnologicaldevelopments. ‘Technologyisgoingtoassistbutitisnotgoingtodoeverything’explainsKatyJandaaUKERCseniorresearcher‘consumptionpatternsofbuildinguserscandefeatthemostcarefuldesign.’Inotherwordsoldhabitsdiehardeveninthebest-designedeco-home. Anotherpartoftheproblemisinformation.Householdsandbill-payersdon’thavetheknowledgetheyneedtochangetheirenergy-usehabits.Withoutspecificinformationit’shardtoestimatethecostsandbenefitsofmakingdifferentchoices.Feedback反馈facilitieslikesmartmetersandenergymonitorscouldhelpbridgethisinformationgapbyhelpingpeopleseehowchangingtheirbehaviourdirectlyaffectstheirenergyuse;somestudieshaveshownthathouseholdscanachieveupto15percentenergysavingsusingsmartmeters. Socialscienceresearchhasaddedafurtherdimension方面suggestingthatindividuals’behaviourinthehomecanbepersonalandcannotbepredicted一whetherpeoplethrowopentheirwindowsratherthanturndownthethermostat恒温器forexample. Jandaarguesthateducationisthekey.Shecallsforafocusedprogrammetoteachpeopleaboutbuildingsandtheirownbehaviourinthem. AstoenergyusethenewresearchfromUKERCstressestheimportanceof________.
B Inthemid-1950sIwasasomewhatboredearly-adolescentmalestudentwhobelievedthatdoinganymorethannecessarywaswastedeffort.Onedaythisapproachthrewmeintoembarrassment InMrs.Totten’seighth-grademathclassatCentralAvenueSchoolinAndersonIndianawewerelearningtoaddandsubtractdecimals小数. Ourteachertypicallyassigneddailyhomeworkwhichwouldberecitedinclassthefollowingday.Onmostdaysourgradeswerebasedonouroralanswertohomeworkquestions. Mrs.Tottenusuallywalkedupanddowntherowsofdesksrequestinganswersfromstudentafterstudentintheorderthequestionshadapearedonourhomeworksheets.Shewouldstarteitheratthefrontorthebackoftheclassroomandworktowardtheotherend. SinceIwasseatednearthemiddleofabout35studentsitwaseasytofigureoutwhichquestionsImighthavetoanswer.ThisparticulartimeIhadcompletedmyusualtwoorthreeproblemsaccordingtomycalculations. WhatIfailedtoexpectwasthatseveralstudentswereabsentwhichthrewoffmyestimate.AsMrs.TottenmadeherwayfromthebeginningoftheclassIdesperatelytriedtodeterminewhichmathproblemIwouldget.ItriedtoworkitoutbeforeshegottomebutIhadbrainfreezeandcouldn’tfunction. WhenMrs.TottenreachedmydesksheaskedwhatanswerI’dgotforproblemNo.14.IIdidn’tgetanythingIansweredandmyfacefeltwarm. Correctshesaid. Itturnedoutthatthecorrectanswerwaszero. WhatdidIlearnthatdayFirstalwaysdoallyourhomework.Secondinreallifeitisn’talwayswhatyousaybuthowyousayitthatmatters.ThirdIwouldnevermakeitasamathematician. IfIcouldchooseoneschooldaythattaughtmethemostitwouldbethatone. UsuallyMrs.Tottenaskedherstudentsto_______.
A WanttoimproveyourwritingskillsNewWritingSouthisdirectingtheway! TownerWriterSquad班组forkidsaged13-17 LedbycomedyandTVwriterMarianKilpatrickTownerWriterSquadwillmeetonceamonthatthecontemporaryartmuseumfor11monthsstarting12October2014. TheFREEsquadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstylesfrompoetrytoplaywritingandlyrics抒情诗toflashfictiontosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters. Application&Selection IfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquadpleasesendasamplepieceofyourwritingabout500wordsrespondingtothetitle‘LUNCH’withyournameageaddressande-mailaddressto:debo@newwritingsouth.com. Onceallapplicationsareincomyouwillbeinvitedtoanopenselectioneventon17September4-5pmatthegalleryofTowner.ThiswillbeaninformalopportunitytomeettheSquadLeaderSquadAssociateandotheryoungpeople. Youwillalsohaveachancetogettoknowthefantasticgalleryspaceandgetatasteofwhat’stocome. Deadlineforapplications:8September2014 Forfurtherinformationgoto:facebook.com/townerortowner.org.ukornewwritingsouth.com Anyquestions一feelfreetosendyoure-mailtoTownerWriterSquadAssociate:whame@towner.gov.uk ********* BeginnerWritingProjectforkidsaged10-13 Duetopopulardemandawritingprojectwillbestartedforeagerbeginners. Starttime:6September2014 MeeteveryotherSaturday2-4pmattheTownerStudyCentre. Studyandwriteatyourownpace一youdonothavetorush一asyouhaveayeartogothroughtheproject.Practiseundertheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteacherswhocanhelpyouwithbasicwritingskills.Mostimportantlybuildconfidenceandhavefunwhilewriting! Nopreviousexperienceorspecialbackgroundisrequired.Manyothershavebeensuccessfulthisway.Iftheycandoitwhycan’tyou Fee:￡179 Formoreinformationgoto:newtowner.org.ukorgenerate.org.uk TownerWriterSquadwillbestarted_______.
C Thebehaviorofabuilding’susersmaybeatleastasimportantasitsdesignwhenitcomestoenergyuseaccordingtonewresearchfromtheUKEnergyResearchCentreUKERC.TheUKpromisestoreduceitscarbonemissions排放by80percentby2050partofwhichwillbeachievedbyallnewhomesbeingzero-carbonby2016.Butthisreportshowsthatsustainablebuildingdesignonitsown—thoughextremelyimportant-isnotenoughtoachievesuchreductions:thebehaviourofthepeopleusingthebuildinghastochangetoo. Thestudysuggeststhatthewaysthatpeopleuseandliveintheirhomeshavebeenlargelyignoredbyexistingeffortstoimproveenergyefficiency效率whichinsteadfocusonarchitecturalandtechnologicaldevelopments. ‘Technologyisgoingtoassistbutitisnotgoingtodoeverything’explainsKatyJandaaUKERCseniorresearcher‘consumptionpatternsofbuildinguserscandefeatthemostcarefuldesign.’Inotherwordsoldhabitsdiehardeveninthebest-designedeco-home. Anotherpartoftheproblemisinformation.Householdsandbill-payersdon’thavetheknowledgetheyneedtochangetheirenergy-usehabits.Withoutspecificinformationit’shardtoestimatethecostsandbenefitsofmakingdifferentchoices.Feedback反馈facilitieslikesmartmetersandenergymonitorscouldhelpbridgethisinformationgapbyhelpingpeopleseehowchangingtheirbehaviourdirectlyaffectstheirenergyuse;somestudieshaveshownthathouseholdscanachieveupto15percentenergysavingsusingsmartmeters. Socialscienceresearchhasaddedafurtherdimension方面suggestingthatindividuals’behaviourinthehomecanbepersonalandcannotbepredicted一whetherpeoplethrowopentheirwindowsratherthanturndownthethermostat恒温器forexample. Jandaarguesthateducationisthekey.Shecallsforafocusedprogrammetoteachpeopleaboutbuildingsandtheirownbehaviourinthem. WhatareKatyJanda’swordsmainlyabout
Wecanchooseourfriendsbutusuallywecannotchooseourneighbors.Howevertogetahappyhomelifewehavetogetalongwith__48__aswellaspossible. Animportantqualityinaneighborisconsiderationfor__49__.Peopleshouldnotdothings__50__willdisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.Forexampletelevisionsetsneednotbeplayedatfullvolume音量__51__loudpopmusicshouldnotbeplayedverylateatnight.Byavoidingthingslikelytoupsetyourneighborsyoucanenjoy__52__friendlyrelationshipwiththem. Anequallyimportantqualityistolerance.Neighborsshoulddoalltheycantoavoiddisturbingotherpeople__53__therearetimeswhensomelevelofdisturbanceisunavoidable.__54__neighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachothertheyhavetoshowtheirtolerance.Inthiswayeveryonewilllive__55__peace.
Manyofusinvestvaluabletimeenergyandmoneyplanningourvacations.Wedothisbecauseweknowforsurethatgoingonvacationsmustbegoodforus.Researchprovesthisfeelingwithoutadoubt.Vacationshelpusperformbetteratworkimproveoursleepqualityandcushionusagainstdepression.YetdespitethesebenefitsmanyofusreturnhomewithafeelingthatourlastvacationwasOK-butnotgreat.Inordertochangethissomemistakesshouldbeavoided.Aclassiconeforvacationplannersisattemptingtomaximizevalueformoneybyplanningtripsthathavetoomanycomponents组成部分Perhapsyou’replanningatriptoEuropesevencitiesin10daysandyourealizeitwillcostonlyalittlemoretoaddtwomoredestinationstothelistSoundsfineintheorybuthoppingfromoneplacetothenexthardlygivesanopportunitytoexperiencewhatpsychologistscallmindfulness-timetotakeinournewsurroundingstimetobepresentandabsorbourtravelexperiences.AnothermistakeisthatweworrytoomuchaboutstrategicissuessuchashowtofindagoodflightdealhowtogetfromAtoBorwhichdestinationstoaddorsubtractfromourjourney.Theseissuesmayseemimportantbutourpsychologicalstateofmindisfarmoreimportant.Actuallyvacationhappinessisbasedonthefollowingtoprules.Firstchooseyourtravelcompanionswiselybecausenothingcontributesmoresignificantlytoatripthantherightcompanions.Seconddon’tspendyourvacationtimeinaplacewhereeverythingistooexpensivesoastomaintainapositivemood.Thirdshopwiselyformeaningfulexperiencesprovidemorelong-termhappinessthanphysicalpossessions. 80
Wecanchooseourfriendsbutusuallywecannotchooseourneighbors.Howevertogetahappyhomelifewehavetogetalongwith__48__aswellaspossible. Animportantqualityinaneighborisconsiderationfor__49__.Peopleshouldnotdothings__50__willdisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.Forexampletelevisionsetsneednotbeplayedatfullvolume音量__51__loudpopmusicshouldnotbeplayedverylateatnight.Byavoidingthingslikelytoupsetyourneighborsyoucanenjoy__52__friendlyrelationshipwiththem. Anequallyimportantqualityistolerance.Neighborsshoulddoalltheycantoavoiddisturbingotherpeople__53__therearetimeswhensomelevelofdisturbanceisunavoidable.__54__neighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachothertheyhavetoshowtheirtolerance.Inthiswayeveryonewilllive__55__peace.
Manyofusinvestvaluabletimeenergyandmoneyplanningourvacations.Wedothisbecauseweknowforsurethatgoingonvacationsmustbegoodforus.Researchprovesthisfeelingwithoutadoubt.Vacationshelpusperformbetteratworkimproveoursleepqualityandcushionusagainstdepression.YetdespitethesebenefitsmanyofusreturnhomewithafeelingthatourlastvacationwasOK-butnotgreat.Inordertochangethissomemistakesshouldbeavoided.Aclassiconeforvacationplannersisattemptingtomaximizevalueformoneybyplanningtripsthathavetoomanycomponents组成部分Perhapsyou’replanningatriptoEuropesevencitiesin10daysandyourealizeitwillcostonlyalittlemoretoaddtwomoredestinationstothelistSoundsfineintheorybuthoppingfromoneplacetothenexthardlygivesanopportunitytoexperiencewhatpsychologistscallmindfulness-timetotakeinournewsurroundingstimetobepresentandabsorbourtravelexperiences.AnothermistakeisthatweworrytoomuchaboutstrategicissuessuchashowtofindagoodflightdealhowtogetfromAtoBorwhichdestinationstoaddorsubtractfromourjourney.Theseissuesmayseemimportantbutourpsychologicalstateofmindisfarmoreimportant.Actuallyvacationhappinessisbasedonthefollowingtoprules.Firstchooseyourtravelcompanionswiselybecausenothingcontributesmoresignificantlytoatripthantherightcompanions.Seconddon’tspendyourvacationtimeinaplacewhereeverythingistooexpensivesoastomaintainapositivemood.Thirdshopwiselyformeaningfulexperiencesprovidemorelong-termhappinessthanphysicalpossessions. 76
Wecanchooseourfriendsbutusuallywecannotchooseourneighbors.Howevertogetahappyhomelifewehavetogetalongwith__48__aswellaspossible. Animportantqualityinaneighborisconsiderationfor__49__.Peopleshouldnotdothings__50__willdisturbtheirneighborsunnecessarily.Forexampletelevisionsetsneednotbeplayedatfullvolume音量__51__loudpopmusicshouldnotbeplayedverylateatnight.Byavoidingthingslikelytoupsetyourneighborsyoucanenjoy__52__friendlyrelationshipwiththem. Anequallyimportantqualityistolerance.Neighborsshoulddoalltheycantoavoiddisturbingotherpeople__53__therearetimeswhensomelevelofdisturbanceisunavoidable.__54__neighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachothertheyhavetoshowtheirtolerance.Inthiswayeveryonewilllive__55__peace.
KidsandPonds YearsagotherewasagroupofkidswhowouldhangaroundatsomelocalpondsinthewoodsneartheirhousesinWarwickRhodeIsland.Insummertheycaughtfrogsandfish.Whenwinterarrivedtheycouldn’twaittogoskating.Timepassedandthepondsbecametheonlyopenspaceforthekidstoenjoythemselvesinthatneighborhood. Oneday.athirteen-year-oldboyfromthisgroupofkidsreadinthelocalnewspaperthatadeveloperwantedtofillinthepondsandbuildoverahundredsmallhousescalledcondominiums.Sotheboywentdoortodoorandgatheredmorethantwohundredsignatures签名tostopthedevelopmentAgroupofcitizensmetanddecidedtosupporthim. Atthemeetingofthetownplanningboard委员会theboywasquitenervousatfirstandspokeverysoftly.Butwhenhesawthefacesofhisfriendsandneighborsinthecrowdandthoughtaboutwhatwashappeningtotheirfavoritepondshisvoicegrewlouder.Hetoldthetownofficialsthattheyshouldspeakforthecitizens.Healsoinsistedthattheyshouldleaveenoughspaceforchildren.Afewdayslaterthedeveloperstoppedhisplan. Nineyearslaterwhenthatteenwasaseniorincollegehewasinformedthatthedeveloperwasbackwithhisproposaltobuildcondominiums.Nowtwenty-twoyearsoldhewasstudyingwetlandsecology.Heagainappearedbeforethetownplanningboard.Thistimeasanexpertwitnessheusedenvironmentalprotectionlawstoexplainrestrictionsondevelopmentinandaroundwetlandsandtheknowledgeofwetlandsecologytohelpimprovethedevelopment.Finallysomecondominiumswerebuiltbutlessthanhalfthenumberthedeveloperwanted.Thepondswherethosekidsusedtohangaroundwereprotectedbyastripofnaturallandandarestilltheretoday. Whathelpedtheboytoprotectthepondssuccessfullynineyearslater Nomorethan12words 3marks
Manyofusinvestvaluabletimeenergyandmoneyplanningourvacations.Wedothisbecauseweknowforsurethatgoingonvacationsmustbegoodforus.Researchprovesthisfeelingwithoutadoubt.Vacationshelpusperformbetteratworkimproveoursleepqualityandcushionusagainstdepression.YetdespitethesebenefitsmanyofusreturnhomewithafeelingthatourlastvacationwasOK-butnotgreat.Inordertochangethissomemistakesshouldbeavoided.Aclassiconeforvacationplannersisattemptingtomaximizevalueformoneybyplanningtripsthathavetoomanycomponents组成部分Perhapsyou’replanningatriptoEuropesevencitiesin10daysandyourealizeitwillcostonlyalittlemoretoaddtwomoredestinationstothelistSoundsfineintheorybuthoppingfromoneplacetothenexthardlygivesanopportunitytoexperiencewhatpsychologistscallmindfulness-timetotakeinournewsurroundingstimetobepresentandabsorbourtravelexperiences.AnothermistakeisthatweworrytoomuchaboutstrategicissuessuchashowtofindagoodflightdealhowtogetfromAtoBorwhichdestinationstoaddorsubtractfromourjourney.Theseissuesmayseemimportantbutourpsychologicalstateofmindisfarmoreimportant.Actuallyvacationhappinessisbasedonthefollowingtoprules.Firstchooseyourtravelcompanionswiselybecausenothingcontributesmoresignificantlytoatripthantherightcompanions.Seconddon’tspendyourvacationtimeinaplacewhereeverythingistooexpensivesoastomaintainapositivemood.Thirdshopwiselyformeaningfulexperiencesprovidemorelong-termhappinessthanphysicalpossessions. 74
ThesummerbeforeIwentofftocollegeMomstoodmeinherusualspotbehindtheironingboard烫衣板andsaidPayattention:I’mgoingtoteachyoutoiron. Momclearlyexplainedher__36__forthislesson.Iwasgoingtobe__37__andneededtolearnthisvitalskill.AlsoIwouldbemeetingnewpeopleandproperlyironedclotheswouldhelpmemakeagood__38__. LearntoironashirtcomMomsaidandyoucanironanything. Butironingshirtswasnot__39__work.Itdidn’tmakeuseoflongmusclesweusedtothrowabaseballanditwasn’ta__40__operationlikeice-skating.Ironingwaslikedrivingacaronastreetthathasastopsignevery10feetMoreoveranironproducedsteamanditcarriedanelementof__41__.Ifyoutouchedthewrongpartofityou’dgetburnt.Ifyouforgottoturnitoffwhenyou__42__youmightbumdownthehouse. AsfortechniqueMom__43__metobeginwiththeflatspacesoutwardalwayspushingtheironforwardintowrinkled有褶皱的parts.Collarshadtobedoneright.Momsaidtheywereclosetoyourfacewhereeveryonewould__44__them. OvertheyearsI’velearnedtoironshirtsskillfullywhichgivesmeasenseof__45__WhateverfailuresIsufferinmylifeanironedshirttellsmeIamgoodatsomething.__46__throughironingI’velearnedthemethodforsolvingeventhemosttroublesomeproblems.__47__wrinklesoneatatimeasMommighthavesaidandbeforelongeverythingwillgetironedout.
Manyofusinvestvaluabletimeenergyandmoneyplanningourvacations.Wedothisbecauseweknowforsurethatgoingonvacationsmustbegoodforus.Researchprovesthisfeelingwithoutadoubt.Vacationshelpusperformbetteratworkimproveoursleepqualityandcushionusagainstdepression.YetdespitethesebenefitsmanyofusreturnhomewithafeelingthatourlastvacationwasOK-butnotgreat.Inordertochangethissomemistakesshouldbeavoided.Aclassiconeforvacationplannersisattemptingtomaximizevalueformoneybyplanningtripsthathavetoomanycomponents组成部分Perhapsyou’replanningatriptoEuropesevencitiesin10daysandyourealizeitwillcostonlyalittlemoretoaddtwomoredestinationstothelistSoundsfineintheorybuthoppingfromoneplacetothenexthardlygivesanopportunitytoexperiencewhatpsychologistscallmindfulness-timetotakeinournewsurroundingstimetobepresentandabsorbourtravelexperiences.AnothermistakeisthatweworrytoomuchaboutstrategicissuessuchashowtofindagoodflightdealhowtogetfromAtoBorwhichdestinationstoaddorsubtractfromourjourney.Theseissuesmayseemimportantbutourpsychologicalstateofmindisfarmoreimportant.Actuallyvacationhappinessisbasedonthefollowingtoprules.Firstchooseyourtravelcompanionswiselybecausenothingcontributesmoresignificantlytoatripthantherightcompanions.Seconddon’tspendyourvacationtimeinaplacewhereeverythingistooexpensivesoastomaintainapositivemood.Thirdshopwiselyformeaningfulexperiencesprovidemorelong-termhappinessthanphysicalpossessions. 72
C Thebehaviorofabuilding’susersmaybeatleastasimportantasitsdesignwhenitcomestoenergyuseaccordingtonewresearchfromtheUKEnergyResearchCentreUKERC.TheUKpromisestoreduceitscarbonemissions排放by80percentby2050partofwhichwillbeachievedbyallnewhomesbeingzero-carbonby2016.Butthisreportshowsthatsustainablebuildingdesignonitsown—thoughextremelyimportant-isnotenoughtoachievesuchreductions:thebehaviourofthepeopleusingthebuildinghastochangetoo. Thestudysuggeststhatthewaysthatpeopleuseandliveintheirhomeshavebeenlargelyignoredbyexistingeffortstoimproveenergyefficiency效率whichinsteadfocusonarchitecturalandtechnologicaldevelopments. ‘Technologyisgoingtoassistbutitisnotgoingtodoeverything’explainsKatyJandaaUKERCseniorresearcher‘consumptionpatternsofbuildinguserscandefeatthemostcarefuldesign.’Inotherwordsoldhabitsdiehardeveninthebest-designedeco-home. Anotherpartoftheproblemisinformation.Householdsandbill-payersdon’thavetheknowledgetheyneedtochangetheirenergy-usehabits.Withoutspecificinformationit’shardtoestimatethecostsandbenefitsofmakingdifferentchoices.Feedback反馈facilitieslikesmartmetersandenergymonitorscouldhelpbridgethisinformationgapbyhelpingpeopleseehowchangingtheirbehaviourdirectlyaffectstheirenergyuse;somestudieshaveshownthathouseholdscanachieveupto15percentenergysavingsusingsmartmeters. Socialscienceresearchhasaddedafurtherdimension方面suggestingthatindividuals’behaviourinthehomecanbepersonalandcannotbepredicted一whetherpeoplethrowopentheirwindowsratherthanturndownthethermostat恒温器forexample. Jandaarguesthateducationisthekey.Shecallsforafocusedprogrammetoteachpeopleaboutbuildingsandtheirownbehaviourinthem. Whatdoesthedimensionaddedbysocialscienceresearchsuggest
B Inthemid-1950sIwasasomewhatboredearly-adolescentmalestudentwhobelievedthatdoinganymorethannecessarywaswastedeffort.Onedaythisapproachthrewmeintoembarrassment InMrs.Totten’seighth-grademathclassatCentralAvenueSchoolinAndersonIndianawewerelearningtoaddandsubtractdecimals小数. Ourteachertypicallyassigneddailyhomeworkwhichwouldberecitedinclassthefollowingday.Onmostdaysourgradeswerebasedonouroralanswertohomeworkquestions. Mrs.Tottenusuallywalkedupanddowntherowsofdesksrequestinganswersfromstudentafterstudentintheorderthequestionshadapearedonourhomeworksheets.Shewouldstarteitheratthefrontorthebackoftheclassroomandworktowardtheotherend. SinceIwasseatednearthemiddleofabout35studentsitwaseasytofigureoutwhichquestionsImighthavetoanswer.ThisparticulartimeIhadcompletedmyusualtwoorthreeproblemsaccordingtomycalculations. WhatIfailedtoexpectwasthatseveralstudentswereabsentwhichthrewoffmyestimate.AsMrs.TottenmadeherwayfromthebeginningoftheclassIdesperatelytriedtodeterminewhichmathproblemIwouldget.ItriedtoworkitoutbeforeshegottomebutIhadbrainfreezeandcouldn’tfunction. WhenMrs.TottenreachedmydesksheaskedwhatanswerI’dgotforproblemNo.14.IIdidn’tgetanythingIansweredandmyfacefeltwarm. Correctshesaid. Itturnedoutthatthecorrectanswerwaszero. WhatdidIlearnthatdayFirstalwaysdoallyourhomework.Secondinreallifeitisn’talwayswhatyousaybuthowyousayitthatmatters.ThirdIwouldnevermakeitasamathematician. IfIcouldchooseoneschooldaythattaughtmethemostitwouldbethatone. Theauthorfailedtogetthequestionshehadexpectedbecause_______.
Manyofusinvestvaluabletimeenergyandmoneyplanningourvacations.Wedothisbecauseweknowforsurethatgoingonvacationsmustbegoodforus.Researchprovesthisfeelingwithoutadoubt.Vacationshelpusperformbetteratworkimproveoursleepqualityandcushionusagainstdepression.YetdespitethesebenefitsmanyofusreturnhomewithafeelingthatourlastvacationwasOK-butnotgreat.Inordertochangethissomemistakesshouldbeavoided.Aclassiconeforvacationplannersisattemptingtomaximizevalueformoneybyplanningtripsthathavetoomanycomponents组成部分Perhapsyou’replanningatriptoEuropesevencitiesin10daysandyourealizeitwillcostonlyalittlemoretoaddtwomoredestinationstothelistSoundsfineintheorybuthoppingfromoneplacetothenexthardlygivesanopportunitytoexperiencewhatpsychologistscallmindfulness-timetotakeinournewsurroundingstimetobepresentandabsorbourtravelexperiences.AnothermistakeisthatweworrytoomuchaboutstrategicissuessuchashowtofindagoodflightdealhowtogetfromAtoBorwhichdestinationstoaddorsubtractfromourjourney.Theseissuesmayseemimportantbutourpsychologicalstateofmindisfarmoreimportant.Actuallyvacationhappinessisbasedonthefollowingtoprules.Firstchooseyourtravelcompanionswiselybecausenothingcontributesmoresignificantlytoatripthantherightcompanions.Seconddon’tspendyourvacationtimeinaplacewhereeverythingistooexpensivesoastomaintainapositivemood.Thirdshopwiselyformeaningfulexperiencesprovidemorelong-termhappinessthanphysicalpossessions. 78
A WanttoimproveyourwritingskillsNewWritingSouthisdirectingtheway! TownerWriterSquad班组forkidsaged13-17 LedbycomedyandTVwriterMarianKilpatrickTownerWriterSquadwillmeetonceamonthatthecontemporaryartmuseumfor11monthsstarting12October2014. TheFREEsquadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstylesfrompoetrytoplaywritingandlyrics抒情诗toflashfictiontosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters. Application&Selection IfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquadpleasesendasamplepieceofyourwritingabout500wordsrespondingtothetitle‘LUNCH’withyournameageaddressande-mailaddressto:debo@newwritingsouth.com. Onceallapplicationsareincomyouwillbeinvitedtoanopenselectioneventon17September4-5pmatthegalleryofTowner.ThiswillbeaninformalopportunitytomeettheSquadLeaderSquadAssociateandotheryoungpeople. Youwillalsohaveachancetogettoknowthefantasticgalleryspaceandgetatasteofwhat’stocome. Deadlineforapplications:8September2014 Forfurtherinformationgoto:facebook.com/townerortowner.org.ukornewwritingsouth.com Anyquestions一feelfreetosendyoure-mailtoTownerWriterSquadAssociate:whame@towner.gov.uk ********* BeginnerWritingProjectforkidsaged10-13 Duetopopulardemandawritingprojectwillbestartedforeagerbeginners. Starttime:6September2014 MeeteveryotherSaturday2-4pmattheTownerStudyCentre. Studyandwriteatyourownpace一youdonothavetorush一asyouhaveayeartogothroughtheproject.Practiseundertheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteacherswhocanhelpyouwithbasicwritingskills.Mostimportantlybuildconfidenceandhavefunwhilewriting! Nopreviousexperienceorspecialbackgroundisrequired.Manyothershavebeensuccessfulthisway.Iftheycandoitwhycan’tyou Fee:￡179 Formoreinformationgoto:newtowner.org.ukorgenerate.org.uk MoreinformationaboutBeginnerWritingProjectcanbefoundat_______.
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