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初孕妇临产后胎头未入盆,首先应考虑
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孕妇临产后胎头未入盆首先考虑的是
水过多
头盆不称
脑积水
腹壁松弛
宫缩乏力
初孕妇28岁于预产期当日出现规律宫缩临产入院测血压22.6/14.6kPa170/110mmHg尿蛋
癫痫
分离(转换)障碍
子痫
先兆子痫
脑血管意外
初产妇临产后胎头未入盆首先考虑的是
脐带绕颈
脑积水
头盆不称
羊水过多
宫缩乏力
患者女24岁妊娠43周无产兆检查宫高33cm左枕前位LOA胎头入盆胎心128次/分2周前尿E3测定为
胎儿宫内窘迫
胎头受压
脐带受压
胎儿过度成熟
胎盘功能减退
若初产妇临产后胎头未入盆首先应考虑的是
羊水过多
脑积水
头盆不称
脐带绕颈
宫缩乏力
某女性患者25岁妊娠43周无产兆检查宫高33cm左枕前位LOA胎头入盆胎心128次/分2周前尿E3测
胎儿宫内窘迫
胎头受压
脐带受压
胎儿过度成熟
胎盘功能减退
初孕妇临产后胎头仍未入盆首先应考虑
羊水过多
腹壁松弛
脑积水
头盆不称
宫缩乏力
初产妇临产后胎头未入盆首先应考虑
羊水过多
腹壁松弛
头盆不称
脑积水
宫缩乏力
初产妇临产后胎头未入盆时首先应考虑
羊水过多
腹壁松弛
脑积水
头盆不称
宫缩乏力
初产妇临产后胎头未入盆首先考虑的是
脐带绕颈
脑积水
头盆不稳
羊水过多
宫缩乏力
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ImproveComputer-researchSkillsLikemanycollegestudentsJoseJuarezcarriesaroundapocket-sizedcomputerthatletshimwatchmoviessurftheInteractandtext-messagehisfriends.He’spartof"GenerationM"—thosebornafter1985whoupconnectedtoeverythingfromvideogametocellphones."Forusit’severydaylife"saidJuarez18afreshmanCaliforniaStateUniversityatSacramentoCSUS.educatorsarenowsayingthatnotallGenerationM-erscansynthesizethepilesofinformationthey’reaccessing."They’regeekybuttheydon’tknowwhattowiththeirgeekdom."saidBarbaraO’ConnoraSacramentoStatecommunicationsstudiesprofessorwhohasbeeninvolvedinanationwidetoimprovestudents’computer-researchskills.Inarecentnationwidetesttotheirtechnological"literacy"theirabilitytousetheInteracttocompleteclassassignments-only49percentcorrectlyevaluatedasetofWebsitesforobjectivityauthorityandtimeliness.Only35percentcouldcorrectlynarrowanoverlyInternetsearch.About130SacramentoStatestudentsincludingJuarezparticipatedintheexperimentaltestto6300collegestudentsacrossthecountry.Thehour-longassessmenttestisconductedbyEducationalTestingService.Itisaweb-basedscavengerhuntsimulatedInteractsearchenginesandacademicdatabasesthatspitoutpurposelymisleadinginformation."They’reverygoodatinandusingtheInternetbutdon’talwaysunderstandwhattheygetback"saidLindaGoffheadofinstructionalservicesfortheCSUSlibrary."Youseeanopensearchboxyoutypeinafewwordsandyouthebutton"saidGoffwhoisinvolvedinthetesting."Theytakeatfacevalueshowsupatthetopofthelistasthebeststuff."Educatorssaythatthesesloppyresearchskillsaretroubling."WelookatthatasafoundationalskillinthesamewaywemathandEnglishasafoundationalskill"saidLorieRothassistantvice-chancellorforacademicprogrammesintheCSUsystem.Measuringhowwellstudentscan"sortthegoodthebad"ontheInternethasbecomeahigherpriorityforCSURothsaid.CSUisconsideringamandatoryassessmenttestontechnologicalliteracyforallfreshmenmuchasithasrequiredEnglishandmathplacementtestssincethe1980s.StudentsinfreshmanseminarsatSacramentoStatewereaskedtotakethetestearlyinthesemesterandwereexpectedtofinishanotherroundthisweektomeasuretheirimprovement. Theytakeatfacevalueshowsupatthetopofthelistasthebeststuff.
TheIcemanOnaSeptemberdayin1991twoGermanswereclimbingthemountainsbetweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpasstheyfoundthebodyofamanlyingontheice.Atthatheight10499feetor3200meterstheiceisusuallypermanentbut1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear.Themountainicehadmeltedmorethanusualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface.Itwaslyingfacedownward.Theskeleton骨架wasinperfectconditionexceptforawoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsomeclothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeettherewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots.Nearbywasapairofglovesmadeoftreebark树皮andaholderforarrows.WhowasthismanHowandwhenhadhediedEverybodyhadadifferentanswertothesequestions.SomepeoplethoughtthatitwasfromthiscenturyperhapsthebodyofasoldierwhodiedinWorldWarIsinceseveralsoldiershadalreadybeenfoundinthearea.ASwisswomanbelieveditmightbeherfatherwhohaddiedinthosemountainstwentyyearsbeforeandwhosebodyhadneverbeenfound.Thescientistswhorushedtolookatthebodythoughtitwasprobablymucholdermaybeevenathousandyearsold.WithmoderndatingtechniquesthescientistssoonlearnedthattheIcemanwasabout5300yearsold.Borninabout3300B.C.helivedduringtheBronzeAgeinEurope.Atfirstscientiststhoughthewasprobablyahunterwhohaddiedfromanaccidentinthehighmountains.Morerecentevidencehowevertellsadifferentstory.AnewkindofX-rayshowsanarrowheadstillstuckinhisshoulder.Itleftonlyatinyholeinhisskinbutitcausedinternaldamageandbleeding.Healmostcertainlydiedfromthiswoundandnotfromthewoundonthebackofhishead.Thismeansthathewasprobablyinsomekindofabattle.Itmayhavebeenpartofalargerwarorhemayhavebeenfightingbandits.Hemayevenhavebeenabandithimself.BystudyinghisclothesandtoolsscientistshavealreadylearnedagreatdealfromtheIcemanaboutthetimeshelivedin.wemayneverknowthefullstoryofhowhediedbuthehasgiveusimportantcluestothehistoryofthosedistanttimes. Thewordbanditsinparagraph4couldbebestreplacedby.
完全性葡萄胎组织学检查特征正确的是
绒毛膜癌常见的突然死亡原因是
影响绒毛膜癌预后的因素有
胎盘部位滋养细胞肿瘤的预后正确的是
葡萄胎排出后血β-HCG转阴后又变为阳性应考虑
DoubtfulWaystoReduceandIncreaseYourWeightYouhearthis:"Nowonderyouarefat.Allyoueverdoiseat."Youfeelsad:"Iskipmybreakfastandsupper.Iruneverymorningandevening.WhatelsecanIdo"Basicallyyoucandonothing.Yourgenesnotyourlifehabitsdetermineyourweightandyourbodyconstantlytriestomaintainit.AlbertStunkardoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniafoundfromexperimentsthat"80percentofthechildrenoftwoobese肥胖的parentsbecomeobeseascomparedwithnomorethan14percentoftheoffspringoftwoparentsofnormalweight."HowcanobesepeoplebecomenormaloreventhinthroughdietingWelldietingcanbeeffectivebutthehealthcostsaretremendous.JulesHirscharesearchphysicianatRockefellerUniversitydidastudyofeightfatpeople.Theyweregivenaliquidformulaproviding600caloriesaday.Aftermorethan10weeksthesubjectslost45kaonaverage.Butafterleavingthehospitaltheyallregainedweight.Theresultsweresurprising:bymetabolic新陈代谢的measurementfatpeoplewholostlargeamountsofweightseemedliketheywerestarving.Theyhadpsychiatricproblems.Theydreamedoffoodorbreakingtheirdiet.Theywereanxiousanddepressed;someweresuicidal.Theyhidfoodintheirrooms.Researcherswarnthatitispossiblethatweightreductiondoesn’tresultinnormalweightbutinanabnormalstateresemblingthatofstarvednon-obesepeople.Thinpeoplehoweversufferfromtheopposite:Theyhavetomakeagreatefforttogainweight.EthanSimsoftheUniversityofVermontgotprisonerstovolunteertogainweight.Infourtosixmonthstheyateasmuchastheycould.Theysucceededinincreasingtheirweightby20to25percent.Butmonthsafterthestudyendedtheywerebacktonormalweightandstayedthere.Thisdoesnotmeanthatpeoplearecompletelywithouthopeincontrollingtheirweight.Itmeansthatthosewhotendtobefatwillhavetoconstantlybaffletheirgeneticinheritanceiftheywanttosignificantlylowertheirweight.Thefindingsalsoprovideevidenceforsomethingscientiststhoughtwastrue-eachpersonhasacomfortableweightrange.Therangemightbeasmuchas9kg.Someonemightweigh60-69kgwithouttoomucheffort.Butgoingaboveorbelowthenaturalweightrangeisdifficult.Thebodyresistsbyfeelinghungryorfullandchangingthemetabolismtopushtheweightbacktotherangeitseeks. EthanSimsmadehissubjects.
马克思揭示的货币必要量规律的理论基础是
葡萄胎清除后常规随访的项目不包括
中央银行增加黄金外汇储备货币供应量
绒毛膜癌最常见的转移部位是
绒癌病理变化为
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葡萄胎完全排空后HCG降至正常的平均时间为多少周
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绒毛膜癌转移时鞘内注射的化疗药物应选择
侵蚀性葡萄胎的诊断依据是
其他情况不变中央银行提高商业银行的再贴现率货币供应量将
TheIcemanOnaSeptemberdayin1991twoGermanswereclimbingthemountainsbetweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpasstheyfoundthebodyofamanlyingontheice.Atthatheight10499feetor3200meterstheiceisusuallypermanentbut1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear.Themountainicehadmeltedmorethanusualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface.Itwaslyingfacedownward.Theskeleton骨架wasinperfectconditionexceptforawoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsomeclothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeettherewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots.Nearbywasapairofglovesmadeoftreebark树皮andaholderforarrows.WhowasthismanHowandwhenhadhediedEverybodyhadadifferentanswertothesequestions.SomepeoplethoughtthatitwasfromthiscenturyperhapsthebodyofasoldierwhodiedinWorldWarIsinceseveralsoldiershadalreadybeenfoundinthearea.ASwisswomanbelieveditmightbeherfatherwhohaddiedinthosemountainstwentyyearsbeforeandwhosebodyhadneverbeenfound.Thescientistswhorushedtolookatthebodythoughtitwasprobablymucholdermaybeevenathousandyearsold.WithmoderndatingtechniquesthescientistssoonlearnedthattheIcemanwasabout5300yearsold.Borninabout3300B.C.helivedduringtheBronzeAgeinEurope.Atfirstscientiststhoughthewasprobablyahunterwhohaddiedfromanaccidentinthehighmountains.Morerecentevidencehowevertellsadifferentstory.AnewkindofX-rayshowsanarrowheadstillstuckinhisshoulder.Itleftonlyatinyholeinhisskinbutitcausedinternaldamageandbleeding.Healmostcertainlydiedfromthiswoundandnotfromthewoundonthebackofhishead.Thismeansthathewasprobablyinsomekindofabattle.Itmayhavebeenpartofalargerwarorhemayhavebeenfightingbandits.Hemayevenhavebeenabandithimself.BystudyinghisclothesandtoolsscientistshavealreadylearnedagreatdealfromtheIcemanaboutthetimeshelivedin.wemayneverknowthefullstoryofhowhediedbuthehasgiveusimportantcluestothehistoryofthosedistanttimes. AllthefollowingareassumptionsoncemadeabouttheIcemanEXCEPT.
良性葡萄胎的病理特点不是
TheIcemanOnaSeptemberdayin1991twoGermanswereclimbingthemountainsbetweenAustriaandItaly.Highuponamountainpasstheyfoundthebodyofamanlyingontheice.Atthatheight10499feetor3200meterstheiceisusuallypermanentbut1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear.Themountainicehadmeltedmorethanusualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface.Itwaslyingfacedownward.Theskeleton骨架wasinperfectconditionexceptforawoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsomeclothes.Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeettherewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots.Nearbywasapairofglovesmadeoftreebark树皮andaholderforarrows.WhowasthismanHowandwhenhadhediedEverybodyhadadifferentanswertothesequestions.SomepeoplethoughtthatitwasfromthiscenturyperhapsthebodyofasoldierwhodiedinWorldWarIsinceseveralsoldiershadalreadybeenfoundinthearea.ASwisswomanbelieveditmightbeherfatherwhohaddiedinthosemountainstwentyyearsbeforeandwhosebodyhadneverbeenfound.Thescientistswhorushedtolookatthebodythoughtitwasprobablymucholdermaybeevenathousandyearsold.WithmoderndatingtechniquesthescientistssoonlearnedthattheIcemanwasabout5300yearsold.Borninabout3300B.C.helivedduringtheBronzeAgeinEurope.Atfirstscientiststhoughthewasprobablyahunterwhohaddiedfromanaccidentinthehighmountains.Morerecentevidencehowevertellsadifferentstory.AnewkindofX-rayshowsanarrowheadstillstuckinhisshoulder.Itleftonlyatinyholeinhisskinbutitcausedinternaldamageandbleeding.Healmostcertainlydiedfromthiswoundandnotfromthewoundonthebackofhishead.Thismeansthathewasprobablyinsomekindofabattle.Itmayhavebeenpartofalargerwarorhemayhavebeenfightingbandits.Hemayevenhavebeenabandithimself.BystudyinghisclothesandtoolsscientistshavealreadylearnedagreatdealfromtheIcemanaboutthetimeshelivedin.wemayneverknowthefullstoryofhowhediedbuthehasgiveusimportantcluestothehistoryofthosedistanttimes. ThebodyoftheIcemanwasfoundinthemountainsmainlybecause.
CentersoftheGreatEuropeanCitiesThecentersofthegreatcitiesofEuropearemeetingplacesbytradition.Peoplegathertheretodrinkcoffeeandchatlateintothenight.Amixtureoflocalsandtouristsmakeforanexcitingmetropolitanatmosphere.Squaresplazas广场andarcades拱廊formtheheartofEurope’scities.VeniceinItalyhasthePlazzaSanMarcoabeautifulsquaresurroundedbyshopschurchesrestaurantsandcafés.InBarcelonaSpainLaBosqueriaisalivelymarketwithhundredsofstallssellingallkindsofgoods.London’sCoventGardenisfilledwithfruitandvegetablestallsbydayandmusiciansacrobats杂技演员andartistsbynight.Thegovernmentbuildingsatthecenterofmanycitiesoftenarearchitecturallyimpressive.InLondontheyserveasabeautifulbackdrop北tothecoffeetablesthatlinethestreetsandthebanksoftheThames.Thesevibrant有活力的heartsaretheproductofcenturiesofevolutionsocialhistorianJoelGarreautoldUSNewsandWorldReportrecently."ThereasonpeoplethinkVeniceissogreattodayisyoudon’tseeallthemistakes"saidGarreau"Thosehaveallbeenremoved."MostEuropeancitieswerelaidoutbeforetheinventionofthecarsobarsrestaurantsandcafeswereneartopeople’shomes.TodaythefocusofmanyEuropeans’lifehasmovedawayfromthecenters.Theyliveinthesuburbsandoutskirtsdrivingtosupermarketstogettheirsupplies.Butonacontinentwherepeopletreasureconventiontherearestillthosewhoholdontotraditionalwayslivingandshoppinglocally.Thesepeopletogetherwithtouristsprovidethecitycenterswiththereasonforexistence.Coffeecultureplaysapartinkeepingthesecitycentersflourishing.ThisisparticularlytrueofPariswhosecitizensarefamousenthusiasticconversationalists.Thisskillisdevelopedovermanyhoursspentchattingoverespressos浓咖啡andcigarettes.Religionalsoplaysaroleindevelopingsociableatmosphere.PeopleInRomanCatholiccountriesusedtovisitthechurchonanalmostdailybasis.Entirecommunitieswouldgatherinthesamebuildingandthenmoveouttothemarketscafesandbarsinthesurroundingstreets.AnenormousexampleofthisrelationshipbetweenchurchandsocietyistheDuomo.ThehugemarblecathedralinFlorenceItalyissurroundedbybakeriesandcoffeeshopsandcatersnotonlytothetouristcrowdsbutalsothelocalcommunity. ThewritercitestheDuomointhelastparagraphasanexampletoillustratethat.
ImproveComputer-researchSkillsLikemanycollegestudentsJoseJuarezcarriesaroundapocket-sizedcomputerthatletshimwatchmoviessurftheInteractandtext-messagehisfriends.He’spartof"GenerationM"—thosebornafter1985whoupconnectedtoeverythingfromvideogametocellphones."Forusit’severydaylife"saidJuarez18afreshmanCaliforniaStateUniversityatSacramentoCSUS.educatorsarenowsayingthatnotallGenerationM-erscansynthesizethepilesofinformationthey’reaccessing."They’regeekybuttheydon’tknowwhattowiththeirgeekdom."saidBarbaraO’ConnoraSacramentoStatecommunicationsstudiesprofessorwhohasbeeninvolvedinanationwidetoimprovestudents’computer-researchskills.Inarecentnationwidetesttotheirtechnological"literacy"theirabilitytousetheInteracttocompleteclassassignments-only49percentcorrectlyevaluatedasetofWebsitesforobjectivityauthorityandtimeliness.Only35percentcouldcorrectlynarrowanoverlyInternetsearch.About130SacramentoStatestudentsincludingJuarezparticipatedintheexperimentaltestto6300collegestudentsacrossthecountry.Thehour-longassessmenttestisconductedbyEducationalTestingService.Itisaweb-basedscavengerhuntsimulatedInteractsearchenginesandacademicdatabasesthatspitoutpurposelymisleadinginformation."They’reverygoodatinandusingtheInternetbutdon’talwaysunderstandwhattheygetback"saidLindaGoffheadofinstructionalservicesfortheCSUSlibrary."Youseeanopensearchboxyoutypeinafewwordsandyouthebutton"saidGoffwhoisinvolvedinthetesting."Theytakeatfacevalueshowsupatthetopofthelistasthebeststuff."Educatorssaythatthesesloppyresearchskillsaretroubling."WelookatthatasafoundationalskillinthesamewaywemathandEnglishasafoundationalskill"saidLorieRothassistantvice-chancellorforacademicprogrammesintheCSUsystem.Measuringhowwellstudentscan"sortthegoodthebad"ontheInternethasbecomeahigherpriorityforCSURothsaid.CSUisconsideringamandatoryassessmenttestontechnologicalliteracyforallfreshmenmuchasithasrequiredEnglishandmathplacementtestssincethe1980s.StudentsinfreshmanseminarsatSacramentoStatewereaskedtotakethetestearlyinthesemesterandwereexpectedtofinishanotherroundthisweektomeasuretheirimprovement. About130SacramentoStatestudentsincludingJuarezparticipatedintheexperimentaltestto6300collegestudentsacrossthecountry.
葡萄胎病理变化为
FoodforLearningInEritreaasmallcountryinnortheastAfricaapproximately80percentofthepopulationisilliterate.Thatpercentageisevenhigherinwoman.AsinmanydevelopingcountriesmanyEritreanshavetraditionalideasabouttheroleofwomen.Theybelievethatwomenshouldstayhomeandtakecareofthefamilyandshouldnotgetaneducationorlookforajob.ThesebeliefsareoneofthefactorsthatpreventEritrieaandotherdevelopingcountriesfromimprovingtheireconomicsituation.Experienceinmanydevelopingcountrieshasshownthateducatedwomenhavefewerchildrenandhavemoreopportunitiesforimprovingtheirlivesandthelivesoftheirfamilies.InEritreainfactthereisgreatneedforimprovement.Itisoneofthepoorestcountriesintheworld.FormanyEritreanfamiliesgettingenoughfoodisadailyproblem.TodealwiththeseproblemstheEritreangovernmenttogetherwiththeWorldFoodProgramhasanewprogramthatoffersfoodasarewardforlearning.Inprimaryschoolsallthechildrenreceivefoodpackagestotakehometotheirfamilies.Howeverwiththenewprogramthegirlsreceivemorefoodthantheboys.Thiswayparentsareencouragedtosendtheirdaughtertoschoolratherthankeepingthemathome.AnothergovernmentprogramthataimstoeducatewomenisFoodforTraining.ManagedbytheNationalUnionofEritreanWomenthisprogramofferfoodrewardsalsofromWorldFoodOrganizationtowomenandeldergirlswhoarewillingtojointheprogram.BecauseofthewarwithEthiopiamanywomenarebringinguptheirfamiliesontheirown.Theyoftenliveinrefugeecampswithnolandoftheirownandnowaytoearnmoney.Mostofthesewomenareilliterateandhavenoskillstofindajob.Theyspendmostoftheirdaylookingforfoodandpreparingitfortheirfamilies.TheFoodforTrainingprogramhelpsthetennagersandwomenchangetheirlives.Iftheyagreetojointheprogramtheyreceivealargepackageoffoodeachmonth.Inreturnthewomenarerequiredtoattendfreeliterateclassesfortwohourseveryday.WhenFoodforTrainingclassesintworegionsofEritrea5000girlsandwomenjoinedinthefirsttwomonths.Itisespeciallypopularwithteenagegirlsagedfourteentosixteenwhohaveneverhadachancetogotoschoolbefore.TheorganizersofFoodforTraingalsoplanstoofferotherkindsofcoursesforwomenusingthesamesystemoffoodrewards.Inthesecoursestheywillteachwomenjobskillsandcraftssuchasbasketweaving.Thesewomenwillnotonlylearntoreadandwrite.Theywillbecomeawareofwhatisgoingonintheircountry. TheEritreangovernmentisofferingextrafoodtogirlsinschoolinorderto.
ImproveComputer-researchSkillsLikemanycollegestudentsJoseJuarezcarriesaroundapocket-sizedcomputerthatletshimwatchmoviessurftheInteractandtext-messagehisfriends.He’spartof"GenerationM"—thosebornafter1985whoupconnectedtoeverythingfromvideogametocellphones."Forusit’severydaylife"saidJuarez18afreshmanCaliforniaStateUniversityatSacramentoCSUS.educatorsarenowsayingthatnotallGenerationM-erscansynthesizethepilesofinformationthey’reaccessing."They’regeekybuttheydon’tknowwhattowiththeirgeekdom."saidBarbaraO’ConnoraSacramentoStatecommunicationsstudiesprofessorwhohasbeeninvolvedinanationwidetoimprovestudents’computer-researchskills.Inarecentnationwidetesttotheirtechnological"literacy"theirabilitytousetheInteracttocompleteclassassignments-only49percentcorrectlyevaluatedasetofWebsitesforobjectivityauthorityandtimeliness.Only35percentcouldcorrectlynarrowanoverlyInternetsearch.About130SacramentoStatestudentsincludingJuarezparticipatedintheexperimentaltestto6300collegestudentsacrossthecountry.Thehour-longassessmenttestisconductedbyEducationalTestingService.Itisaweb-basedscavengerhuntsimulatedInteractsearchenginesandacademicdatabasesthatspitoutpurposelymisleadinginformation."They’reverygoodatinandusingtheInternetbutdon’talwaysunderstandwhattheygetback"saidLindaGoffheadofinstructionalservicesfortheCSUSlibrary."Youseeanopensearchboxyoutypeinafewwordsandyouthebutton"saidGoffwhoisinvolvedinthetesting."Theytakeatfacevalueshowsupatthetopofthelistasthebeststuff."Educatorssaythatthesesloppyresearchskillsaretroubling."WelookatthatasafoundationalskillinthesamewaywemathandEnglishasafoundationalskill"saidLorieRothassistantvice-chancellorforacademicprogrammesintheCSUsystem.Measuringhowwellstudentscan"sortthegoodthebad"ontheInternethasbecomeahigherpriorityforCSURothsaid.CSUisconsideringamandatoryassessmenttestontechnologicalliteracyforallfreshmenmuchasithasrequiredEnglishandmathplacementtestssincethe1980s.StudentsinfreshmanseminarsatSacramentoStatewereaskedtotakethetestearlyinthesemesterandwereexpectedtofinishanotherroundthisweektomeasuretheirimprovement. They’reverygoodatinandusingtheInternetbutdon’talwaysunderstandwhattheygetbacksaidLindaGoffheadofinstructionalservicesfortheCSUSlibrary.
ImproveComputer-researchSkillsLikemanycollegestudentsJoseJuarezcarriesaroundapocket-sizedcomputerthatletshimwatchmoviessurftheInteractandtext-messagehisfriends.He’spartof"GenerationM"—thosebornafter1985whoupconnectedtoeverythingfromvideogametocellphones."Forusit’severydaylife"saidJuarez18afreshmanCaliforniaStateUniversityatSacramentoCSUS.educatorsarenowsayingthatnotallGenerationM-erscansynthesizethepilesofinformationthey’reaccessing."They’regeekybuttheydon’tknowwhattowiththeirgeekdom."saidBarbaraO’ConnoraSacramentoStatecommunicationsstudiesprofessorwhohasbeeninvolvedinanationwidetoimprovestudents’computer-researchskills.Inarecentnationwidetesttotheirtechnological"literacy"theirabilitytousetheInteracttocompleteclassassignments-only49percentcorrectlyevaluatedasetofWebsitesforobjectivityauthorityandtimeliness.Only35percentcouldcorrectlynarrowanoverlyInternetsearch.About130SacramentoStatestudentsincludingJuarezparticipatedintheexperimentaltestto6300collegestudentsacrossthecountry.Thehour-longassessmenttestisconductedbyEducationalTestingService.Itisaweb-basedscavengerhuntsimulatedInteractsearchenginesandacademicdatabasesthatspitoutpurposelymisleadinginformation."They’reverygoodatinandusingtheInternetbutdon’talwaysunderstandwhattheygetback"saidLindaGoffheadofinstructionalservicesfortheCSUSlibrary."Youseeanopensearchboxyoutypeinafewwordsandyouthebutton"saidGoffwhoisinvolvedinthetesting."Theytakeatfacevalueshowsupatthetopofthelistasthebeststuff."Educatorssaythatthesesloppyresearchskillsaretroubling."WelookatthatasafoundationalskillinthesamewaywemathandEnglishasafoundationalskill"saidLorieRothassistantvice-chancellorforacademicprogrammesintheCSUsystem.Measuringhowwellstudentscan"sortthegoodthebad"ontheInternethasbecomeahigherpriorityforCSURothsaid.CSUisconsideringamandatoryassessmenttestontechnologicalliteracyforallfreshmenmuchasithasrequiredEnglishandmathplacementtestssincethe1980s.StudentsinfreshmanseminarsatSacramentoStatewereaskedtotakethetestearlyinthesemesterandwereexpectedtofinishanotherroundthisweektomeasuretheirimprovement. MeasuringhowwellstudentscansortthegoodthebadontheInternethasbecomeahigherpriorityforCSURothsaid.
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