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For many people the New York Times is the greatest newspaper anywhere. But there has long been a sma...
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TheParkisinNewYorkandmanypeopleexerciseinthemorni
ArrivinginNewYorkTherearethreeairportsinNewYork.Wh
ShanghaiisdifferentfromNewYorkinmanywaysbuttherear
综合填空阅读下面的短文根据每个空格中所给的首字母填入适当的词使短文意思完整Somepeoplesay
AfewminutesagowalkingbackfromlunchIstartedtocrosst
don’t care about emergencies
are used to alarm
are attracted by sounds
don’t hear loud noises
IusedtothinkthatlifeinJimThorpePennsylvaniawasfill
TravelinNewYorkPublictransportTrafficisquiteconven
InthecountrysideofChinamanypeoplearemovingtocities
阅读理解阅读下面短文从各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳答案.ArrivinginNewYorkThere
ArrivinginNewYorkTherearethreeairportsinNewYork.Wh
NewYorkLondonParisandotherbigcitiesareexcitingplac
Afteracontinuous6defeatsintheeyesofmanypeopletheNe
as better a player as
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as a player good as
TherearethreeairportsinNewYork.Whenyouarriveatoneo
TheSkyscrapersinNewYorkCityNewY0rkisthemostexcitin
Peopleenjoytravelingaroundtheworldduringtheirholid
阅读理解NewYorkisaverylargecitywitheightmillionpeoplE.
根据短文内容从下框的A.—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项选项中有一项为多余选项A.Famou
IusedtothinkthatlifeinJimThorpePennsylvaniawasfill
Whatisalibraryfor?Mostlibrarieshavebooksandotherth
NewYorkCityisaverylargecitywith8millionpeoplE.Howd
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Thenumberofcityschoolsputonalistforstrictscrutinybythestateforpooracademicperformancewentupslightlythisyear.andthenumberofcityschoolstakenoffthelistbyshowingimprovementdroppedthestate’scommissionerofeducationannouncedyesterday.Tencityschools—nowatriskofbeingshutdown—wereaddedtothelistofSchoolsUnderRegistrationReviewknownasSURRbringingthetotalinthecitym40.Statewide.61schoolsareunderreviewsaidthecommissionerRichardMills.Theadditionof10cityschoolsreverseswhathadbeenatrendinthepastfewyears:thenumberofschoolsonthelisthadbeenfalling.Therewere55schoolsin200346in2004and35lastyearanall-timelow.Butthisyearanewfactorwasatwork:Thestateraisedthelevelofperformancerequiredtopassitsstandards.Inaddition6ofthe10newlynamedschoolsaremiddleschools--andthoseschoolshaveforyearsconfoundededucatorsbyresistingtheimprovementsthathaveworkedinlowergradesandeveninhighschools.Threecityschoolswereremovedfromthelistthisyearforimprovementinacademicperformancebutthatnumberwassignificantlylowerthanthenumberremovedineachofthepastseveralyears.Forinstance16schoolsweretakenoffthelistlastyear.SchoolsChancellorJoelI.Kleinobservedthatthenumberofendangeredschoolsstillremainsatanear-recordlow.Nevertheless.wecannotacceptfailingperformancebyanyofourschoolsforanyreasonhesaid.Ifaschoolprovesincapableofprovidingahigh-qualityeducationmourstudentsdespiteeffortstoimproveititwillbeclosed.Hesaid8ofthe40schoolsthathavebeenonthelistwerescheduledmbeclosedthisyearand5morewillbeclosednextyear.ThestatealsoexpandeditsreviewprocessforthefirsttimethisyearmDistrict75whichcoversspecialeducationschoolsandoneDistrict75schoolPublicSchool12intheBronxwasputonthelist.DespitetheadditionsMr.Millssaidhewaspleased.Ithinkit’simpressivesincewehavebeenrinsingthebarhesaid.Thecityhasessentiallybeenstayingaheadofamovinglocomotive.ElsewhereinthestatethreeschoolsinBuffaloandtwoinSyracusewereaddedtothelist.The10NewYorkCityschoolsonthelistareLegacySchoolforIntegratedStudiesinManhattan;P.S.220P.S.12JuniorHighSchool123andMiddleSchool302intheBronx;J.H.S.265.J.H.S.57M.S.143IntermediateSchool291andP.S.12inBrooklyn.ThethreeschoolsremovedfromthelistareP.S.140intheBronx.RepertoryCompanyHighSchoolinManhattanandEBC/ENYHighSchoolforPublicSafetyandLawinBrooklyn.Intheopeningparagraphtheauthorintroduceshistopicby______.
Thefourgirlsin"TheSisterhoodoftheTravelingPants"makeapact.46Havingfoundthemagiceverywomandreamsofapairofjeansthatfitsallfourofthemperfectlytheyvowtosharethemlong-distanceduringtheirfirstsummerapart. Thejeansmustbemagicbecausethegirls’shapescouldn’tbemoredifferent.PetiteLenaAlexisBledelisallergictoboyswhoseeherasabeautifulface.WittyCarmenAmericaFerreraistoocurvytofitintothebridesmaid’sgownorderedforherbyLydiaNancyTravistheSouthernbride-to-beofherdivorcedfatherBradleyWhitford.BridgetBlakeLivelyalankystarathletehasnevercometotermswithhermother’ssuicide.47AndTibbyAmberTamblynisablue-hairedcynicwhosesummerjobatasuperstorenamedWallman’sispayingforvideoequipmenttomakeherfirstfilm. 48Thegirlspassthejeansaroundtobringthemluckwhentheyareseparated:LenawithrelativesonSantoriniwhereKostasMichaelRadychangeshermindaboutmen;Carmenwiththefathersheneverseeswhosenewfamilyisashock;BridgetinaMexicansoccercampwhereshesetshersightsonEricMikeVogelforbiddenfruitbecausehe’sacoach;andTibbyvideotapingherco-workers."Adocumentary"saysoneinterviewsubject."That’slikeamovieonlyboring" DeliaEphronandElizabethChandler’sscreenplayisnicelyservedbythedirectionofacomedyveteranKenKwapis.49Hecreatesafairytalesummerworldwherethegirlsgrapplewithrealissues:loveandfamilydeathlosingyourvirginityforthewrongreasonsdivorceracismandhavinganunfashionablebodytype.50Themagicofcourseisinthegirlsastheyhelpeachotherachieveinsightsthatfewoftheirelderscouldmanage.gentlysprinkledsprinkledwithtears.AnnBrashareswhowrotethenovelonwhichthefilmisbasedhaswrittentwomorebooksabouttheSisterhood.IfthisoneclicksWarnerBrosmayfinditselftheproudownerofthefirstsummerfilmfranchiseforteenagegirls. 49
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.15
Thenumberofcityschoolsputonalistforstrictscrutinybythestateforpooracademicperformancewentupslightlythisyear.andthenumberofcityschoolstakenoffthelistbyshowingimprovementdroppedthestate’scommissionerofeducationannouncedyesterday.Tencityschools—nowatriskofbeingshutdown—wereaddedtothelistofSchoolsUnderRegistrationReviewknownasSURRbringingthetotalinthecitym40.Statewide.61schoolsareunderreviewsaidthecommissionerRichardMills.Theadditionof10cityschoolsreverseswhathadbeenatrendinthepastfewyears:thenumberofschoolsonthelisthadbeenfalling.Therewere55schoolsin200346in2004and35lastyearanall-timelow.Butthisyearanewfactorwasatwork:Thestateraisedthelevelofperformancerequiredtopassitsstandards.Inaddition6ofthe10newlynamedschoolsaremiddleschools--andthoseschoolshaveforyearsconfoundededucatorsbyresistingtheimprovementsthathaveworkedinlowergradesandeveninhighschools.Threecityschoolswereremovedfromthelistthisyearforimprovementinacademicperformancebutthatnumberwassignificantlylowerthanthenumberremovedineachofthepastseveralyears.Forinstance16schoolsweretakenoffthelistlastyear.SchoolsChancellorJoelI.Kleinobservedthatthenumberofendangeredschoolsstillremainsatanear-recordlow.Nevertheless.wecannotacceptfailingperformancebyanyofourschoolsforanyreasonhesaid.Ifaschoolprovesincapableofprovidingahigh-qualityeducationmourstudentsdespiteeffortstoimproveititwillbeclosed.Hesaid8ofthe40schoolsthathavebeenonthelistwerescheduledmbeclosedthisyearand5morewillbeclosednextyear.ThestatealsoexpandeditsreviewprocessforthefirsttimethisyearmDistrict75whichcoversspecialeducationschoolsandoneDistrict75schoolPublicSchool12intheBronxwasputonthelist.DespitetheadditionsMr.Millssaidhewaspleased.Ithinkit’simpressivesincewehavebeenrinsingthebarhesaid.Thecityhasessentiallybeenstayingaheadofamovinglocomotive.ElsewhereinthestatethreeschoolsinBuffaloandtwoinSyracusewereaddedtothelist.The10NewYorkCityschoolsonthelistareLegacySchoolforIntegratedStudiesinManhattan;P.S.220P.S.12JuniorHighSchool123andMiddleSchool302intheBronx;J.H.S.265.J.H.S.57M.S.143IntermediateSchool291andP.S.12inBrooklyn.ThethreeschoolsremovedfromthelistareP.S.140intheBronx.RepertoryCompanyHighSchoolinManhattanandEBC/ENYHighSchoolforPublicSafetyandLawinBrooklyn.Thenewfactorinthethirdparagraphrefersthat______.
ItcomesasasurprisegivenMicrosoft’snotorioustenacitybutthesoftwaregiantisdefinitelyouttoclearitsantitrustplate.AfteritssettlementwiththeJusticeDepartmentthecompanyhasnowstruckanagreementtoendmorethan100privateclass-actionsuitsandsignalledthatitwantstodothesameforthecasebroughtagainstitbytheEuropeanCommission.41 YetrecenteventssuggestthatitwillnotbethateasyforMicrosofttoshrugoffitslegalwoes.Forastarttheninestateattorneys-generalopposingthefederalsettlementhaveaskedthetrialjudgetoImposetougherremedies.42.AndthisweekaSenatecommitteehearingwasdominatedbycriticismofthefederalsettlement. TheleastofMicrosoft’sproblemsaretheclass-actionsuitsfiledonbehalfofconsumerswhosaytheywereharmedbythecompany’sbehaviour.Givingmoneytoschoolsisagoodidea.ButhalfofthegiftwouldbeintheformoffreeMicrosoftsoftwarecostingthecompanyalmostnothingandhurtingcompetitorsintheeducationmarketmainlyApple.SoworriedisSteveJobsApple’sbossthathehaspubliclycriticisedthedeal—afterhayingkeptquietduringtheentireantitrusttrial.43 Theproposalofthedissentingstatesismoreserious.44.CentraltotheplanareremediesconcerningMicrosoft’sbrowsersoftwareandtheJavaprogramminglanguage:thecompanywouldbeforcedtolicensethesourcecodemitsbrowserandtomakesurethatJavaprogramscanrunonWindows.Microsoftwouldalsoberequiredmofferastripped-downversionofWindowssothatPCmakerscouldchooseadd-onsotherthanitsown. Microsoftsaysthattheproposedremediesare"extremeandnotcommensuratewithwhatisleftofthecase".ColleenKollar-Kotellythetrialjudgewilldecidenextspring.Shehasputthecaseontwoparalleltracks.OneisareviewoftheexistingJusticeDepartmentsettlementundertheTunneyacttodetermineifitisinthepublicinterest.Theotherislitigationoverthenewlyproposedremedies. TheEuropeanCommission.foritspartwillprobablywaitandseewhattranspiresmAmericabeforeproceeding.Itisunlikelysimplytorubber-stamptheoutcomeasMicrosofthassuggested.ForonethingEuropeanregulatorshavedisagreementsoftheirownwiththecompanychieflythatitistryingtoextenditsmonopolyintotheserverandmedia-playermarkets. ButcompetitorsandcriticsofthesoftwaregiantwhohaveheavilylobbiedboththestatesandBrusselsshouldnotgettheirhopesup.GiventheeconomicandpoliticalenvironmentitisstillunlikelythatMicrosoftwillgetmorethanaslaponthewristevenifithurtsmorethanthecompanywouldlike.45 Tosomeextentthisisalreadyhappening.The"LibertyAlliance"forexampleisgainingmomentum.AmericanExpressandAOLTimeWarnerrecentlyjoinedthiscoalitionwhosegoalistoprovideanalternativetoMicrosoft’sonlineauthenticationservicecalledPassport.SimilarlyiftheentertainmentindustrygotitsacttogetheritmightbeabletostopMicrosoftdefiningthestandardfordigitalcopy-protection.PerhapsthistimearoundsuchallianceswillproveabettermatchforMicrosoft’sdetermination. [A]Businessesandconsumerswantbenefitsofbeingconnectedanytimeanyplace—withoutcompromisingsecurityorcontrolofpersonalinformation. [B]ItsrivalswouldperhapsdobettertoconcentratetheirenergiesonformingalliancesthatcouldhelptokeepMicrosoftincheck. [C]About12500schools—manyofwhichareamongthenation’spoorest—wouldbeeligibletoreceivesoftwarefromMicrosoftundertheproposal. [D]Anotherjudgesupervisingtheclass-actionsuitshasquestionedMicrosoft’splantosettlealloftheeasesbydonating$1billiontopoorschools. [E]AsiftounderlinethisnewapproachMicrosoftrecentlyannouncedthatWilliamNeukomitslong-servinggeneralcounselwillsoonbereplacedbyBradSmithhismoreconvivialdeputy [F]Theirsuggestedremediesdomorethanjustplugtheloopholesinthemainsettlementandprovidefortougherenforcement.TheywouldtakebackmuchofwhatMicrosofthaswonbyabusingitsmonopolypower. [G]Thejudge’sremarkssuggestthatMicrosoftwillhavetopaycashinfullifitwantshimmapprovetheagreement. 41
Cloudsmayhavesilverliningsbuteventhesunniestofusseldomglimpsethemonfoot.ThemarvelousBlurBuildingthathoversabovethelakeofYverdonlesBainsinSwitzerlandprovidessuchanopportunity.Itgivesanyonewhohaseverwantedtostepintothecloudstheywatchfromtheairplanewindowachancetorealizetheirdream.Visitorswearwaterproofponchosbeforesettingoffalongawalkwayabovethelakethattakesthemintothefoggyatmosphereofthecloud.Theexperienceofphysicalformsblurringbeforeyoureyesasyouenterthecloudisbothdisorientatingandliberating.Howeverfirmlyyourfeetareplantedontheflooritishardtoescapethesensationoffloating.Ontheupperdeckofthisspaceship-shapedstructuretheAngelBaratranslucentcounterlitintonesofaqueousbluebeckonswithadozendifferentkindsofmineralwater.ToenterthissublimebuildingsituatedinthelandscapeoftheSwissAlpsfeelslikewalkingintoapoem—itispartofnaturebutremovedfromrealityItsarchitectsElizabethDillerandRicardoScofidioofNewYorkdesigneditasapavilionfortheSwissExpo2002intheThreeLakesregionofSwitzerlandanhour’strainridefromGenevawhichfeaturesaseriesofexhibitsonthelakes.TheBlurBuildingiseasilythemostsuccessful.IndeedyoucanskiptherestoftheExpo—aSwisskitschversionofBritain’sMillenniumDome—andheadstraightforthecloudwhichisthereuntiltheendofOctober.Thearchitectsaskedthemselveswhatwastheidealmaterialforbuildingonalakeanddecidedonwateritself.’theelementofthelakethesnow.theriversandthemistaboveit.Theywantedtoplayonandlaybarethenotionofaworld’sfairpavilionbycreatinganetherealghostofoneinwhichthereisnothingtosee.Theresultisarefugefromthesurveillancecamerasandhigh-definitionimagesofoureverydayworld—aparticularteaseinSwitzerlandwhereclarityandprecisionaresoprized.Anti-architectureornottheBlurBuildingcostacool$7.5million.Out-of-the-boxthinkingisatrademarkofDiller+Scofidio.ahusband-and-wifeteamofarchitectureprofessorswhobecamethefirstarchitectstowinageniusgrantfromtheMacArthurFoundationin1999.Althoughtheyhavebuiltverylittletheyareinterestedinthesocialexperienceofarchitectureinchallengingpeople’sideasaboutbuildings.Theytreatarchitectureasananalyticalartformthatcombinesotherdisciplinessuchasvisualartandphotographydanceandtheatre.TorealizeitsUtopianpoetrytheBlurBuildinghastobetechnologicallystate-of-the-art.Waterfromthelakeispumpedthrough32.000fognozzlespositionedthroughouttheskeleton-likestainlesssteelstructure;sothebuildingdoesnotjustlooklikeacloudontheoutsideitfeelslikeacloudontheinside.Andwhilethe300-foot-wideplatformcanaccommodateupto400peoplevisitorsvanishfromeachotherinthemistataboutfivepacessoyoureallycanwanderlonelyasacloud.Wordsworthmustbesmiling.WhichoneisNOTtrueaboutthebuilding
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.7
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.13
Duringitsformativeyearstheinnersolarsystemwasarough-and-tumbleplace.Therewereacoupleofhundredlargeobjectsflyingaround.Moon-sizeorbiggerandformillionsofyearstheycollidedwithoneanother.Outoftheseimpactsgrewtheterrestrialplanets—MercuryVenusEarthwithitsMoonandMars—andtheasteroids.Scientistshavethoughtofthesecollisionsasmergers:asmallerobjecttheimpactorhitsalargeronethetargetandstickstoit.ButnewcomputermodelingbyErikAsphaugandCraigB.AgnoroftheUniversityofCaliforniaSantaCruzshowsthatthingsweren’tthatsimple.MostofthetimetheimpactorandthetargetgooffontheirmerrywaysDr.Asphaugsaid.Abouthalfthecollisionsarethesehit-and-nmaffairs.NowthetworesearchersandacolleagueQuentinWilliams.havedonesimulationstostudytheeffectsofthesecollisionsontheimpactors.Theyarenotpretty.TheimpactorssufferallkindsoffatesDr.Asphaugsaid.Theyundergotremendousshearingandgravitationalforcesthatcancausethemtofractureintosmallerpiecesormeltcausingchemicalchangesinthematerialandlossofwaterorothervolatilecompounds.Orthecrustandcovercanbestrippedoff.leavingjustanembryonicironcore.TheresearcherswhosefindingsarepublishedinNaturediscoveredthattwoobjectsdidnotevenhavetocollidetocreateaneffectonthesmallerone.fromthegravitationalforcesofanear-collision.Duringthesimulations.Dr.AsphaugsaidWe’dlookandsay’Goshwejustgotridofthewholeatmosphereofthatplanetoid:itdidn’tevenhitanditsuckedthewholeatmosphereoff.’Theresearcherssuggestthattheremainsofthesebeaten-upfracturedandmeltedobjectscanbefoundintheasteroidbelt.Dr.Asphaugsaidthatcouldexplaintheprevalenceofironrelicsinthebelt.SomeoftheseplanetoidremnantsalsoeventuallyhitEarth:thatwouldhelpexplainwhycertainmeteoriteslackwaterandothervolatileelements.Thehit-and-runcollisionmodelalsoprovidesanexplanationforVesta.alargeasteroidwithanintactcrustandcover.HowdidVestakeepitscoverwhilesomanyotherobjectswerelosingtheirsDr.AsphangsaiditcouldbethatVestawasalwaysthetargetnevertheimpactorandwasthuslessaffected.Itjusthadtoavoidbeingthehitterhesaiduntilbiggerobjectsleftthesystem./Inthelastsentenceofthesecondparagraphtheyrefersto______.
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.5
Cloudsmayhavesilverliningsbuteventhesunniestofusseldomglimpsethemonfoot.ThemarvelousBlurBuildingthathoversabovethelakeofYverdonlesBainsinSwitzerlandprovidessuchanopportunity.Itgivesanyonewhohaseverwantedtostepintothecloudstheywatchfromtheairplanewindowachancetorealizetheirdream.Visitorswearwaterproofponchosbeforesettingoffalongawalkwayabovethelakethattakesthemintothefoggyatmosphereofthecloud.Theexperienceofphysicalformsblurringbeforeyoureyesasyouenterthecloudisbothdisorientatingandliberating.Howeverfirmlyyourfeetareplantedontheflooritishardtoescapethesensationoffloating.Ontheupperdeckofthisspaceship-shapedstructuretheAngelBaratranslucentcounterlitintonesofaqueousbluebeckonswithadozendifferentkindsofmineralwater.ToenterthissublimebuildingsituatedinthelandscapeoftheSwissAlpsfeelslikewalkingintoapoem—itispartofnaturebutremovedfromrealityItsarchitectsElizabethDillerandRicardoScofidioofNewYorkdesigneditasapavilionfortheSwissExpo2002intheThreeLakesregionofSwitzerlandanhour’strainridefromGenevawhichfeaturesaseriesofexhibitsonthelakes.TheBlurBuildingiseasilythemostsuccessful.IndeedyoucanskiptherestoftheExpo—aSwisskitschversionofBritain’sMillenniumDome—andheadstraightforthecloudwhichisthereuntiltheendofOctober.Thearchitectsaskedthemselveswhatwastheidealmaterialforbuildingonalakeanddecidedonwateritself.’theelementofthelakethesnow.theriversandthemistaboveit.Theywantedtoplayonandlaybarethenotionofaworld’sfairpavilionbycreatinganetherealghostofoneinwhichthereisnothingtosee.Theresultisarefugefromthesurveillancecamerasandhigh-definitionimagesofoureverydayworld—aparticularteaseinSwitzerlandwhereclarityandprecisionaresoprized.Anti-architectureornottheBlurBuildingcostacool$7.5million.Out-of-the-boxthinkingisatrademarkofDiller+Scofidio.ahusband-and-wifeteamofarchitectureprofessorswhobecamethefirstarchitectstowinageniusgrantfromtheMacArthurFoundationin1999.Althoughtheyhavebuiltverylittletheyareinterestedinthesocialexperienceofarchitectureinchallengingpeople’sideasaboutbuildings.Theytreatarchitectureasananalyticalartformthatcombinesotherdisciplinessuchasvisualartandphotographydanceandtheatre.TorealizeitsUtopianpoetrytheBlurBuildinghastobetechnologicallystate-of-the-art.Waterfromthelakeispumpedthrough32.000fognozzlespositionedthroughouttheskeleton-likestainlesssteelstructure;sothebuildingdoesnotjustlooklikeacloudontheoutsideitfeelslikeacloudontheinside.Andwhilethe300-foot-wideplatformcanaccommodateupto400peoplevisitorsvanishfromeachotherinthemistataboutfivepacessoyoureallycanwanderlonelyasacloud.Wordsworthmustbesmiling.ThespectacleonthedeckofthisstructureisNOT______.
ItcomesasasurprisegivenMicrosoft’snotorioustenacitybutthesoftwaregiantisdefinitelyouttoclearitsantitrustplate.AfteritssettlementwiththeJusticeDepartmentthecompanyhasnowstruckanagreementtoendmorethan100privateclass-actionsuitsandsignalledthatitwantstodothesameforthecasebroughtagainstitbytheEuropeanCommission.41 YetrecenteventssuggestthatitwillnotbethateasyforMicrosofttoshrugoffitslegalwoes.Forastarttheninestateattorneys-generalopposingthefederalsettlementhaveaskedthetrialjudgetoImposetougherremedies.42.AndthisweekaSenatecommitteehearingwasdominatedbycriticismofthefederalsettlement. TheleastofMicrosoft’sproblemsaretheclass-actionsuitsfiledonbehalfofconsumerswhosaytheywereharmedbythecompany’sbehaviour.Givingmoneytoschoolsisagoodidea.ButhalfofthegiftwouldbeintheformoffreeMicrosoftsoftwarecostingthecompanyalmostnothingandhurtingcompetitorsintheeducationmarketmainlyApple.SoworriedisSteveJobsApple’sbossthathehaspubliclycriticisedthedeal—afterhayingkeptquietduringtheentireantitrusttrial.43 Theproposalofthedissentingstatesismoreserious.44.CentraltotheplanareremediesconcerningMicrosoft’sbrowsersoftwareandtheJavaprogramminglanguage:thecompanywouldbeforcedtolicensethesourcecodemitsbrowserandtomakesurethatJavaprogramscanrunonWindows.Microsoftwouldalsoberequiredmofferastripped-downversionofWindowssothatPCmakerscouldchooseadd-onsotherthanitsown. Microsoftsaysthattheproposedremediesare"extremeandnotcommensuratewithwhatisleftofthecase".ColleenKollar-Kotellythetrialjudgewilldecidenextspring.Shehasputthecaseontwoparalleltracks.OneisareviewoftheexistingJusticeDepartmentsettlementundertheTunneyacttodetermineifitisinthepublicinterest.Theotherislitigationoverthenewlyproposedremedies. TheEuropeanCommission.foritspartwillprobablywaitandseewhattranspiresmAmericabeforeproceeding.Itisunlikelysimplytorubber-stamptheoutcomeasMicrosofthassuggested.ForonethingEuropeanregulatorshavedisagreementsoftheirownwiththecompanychieflythatitistryingtoextenditsmonopolyintotheserverandmedia-playermarkets. ButcompetitorsandcriticsofthesoftwaregiantwhohaveheavilylobbiedboththestatesandBrusselsshouldnotgettheirhopesup.GiventheeconomicandpoliticalenvironmentitisstillunlikelythatMicrosoftwillgetmorethanaslaponthewristevenifithurtsmorethanthecompanywouldlike.45 Tosomeextentthisisalreadyhappening.The"LibertyAlliance"forexampleisgainingmomentum.AmericanExpressandAOLTimeWarnerrecentlyjoinedthiscoalitionwhosegoalistoprovideanalternativetoMicrosoft’sonlineauthenticationservicecalledPassport.SimilarlyiftheentertainmentindustrygotitsacttogetheritmightbeabletostopMicrosoftdefiningthestandardfordigitalcopy-protection.PerhapsthistimearoundsuchallianceswillproveabettermatchforMicrosoft’sdetermination. [A]Businessesandconsumerswantbenefitsofbeingconnectedanytimeanyplace—withoutcompromisingsecurityorcontrolofpersonalinformation. [B]ItsrivalswouldperhapsdobettertoconcentratetheirenergiesonformingalliancesthatcouldhelptokeepMicrosoftincheck. [C]About12500schools—manyofwhichareamongthenation’spoorest—wouldbeeligibletoreceivesoftwarefromMicrosoftundertheproposal. [D]Anotherjudgesupervisingtheclass-actionsuitshasquestionedMicrosoft’splantosettlealloftheeasesbydonating$1billiontopoorschools. [E]AsiftounderlinethisnewapproachMicrosoftrecentlyannouncedthatWilliamNeukomitslong-servinggeneralcounselwillsoonbereplacedbyBradSmithhismoreconvivialdeputy [F]Theirsuggestedremediesdomorethanjustplugtheloopholesinthemainsettlementandprovidefortougherenforcement.TheywouldtakebackmuchofwhatMicrosofthaswonbyabusingitsmonopolypower. [G]Thejudge’sremarkssuggestthatMicrosoftwillhavetopaycashinfullifitwantshimmapprovetheagreement. 45
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.9
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.19
AnannualcensusofwolvesatYellowstoneNationalParkhasfoundasharpdropinthepopulation.Butparkbiologistswhosuspectadeadlydiseasecanineparvovirussaytheywillletnaturetakeitscourse.Parvocanbevaccinatedforandcanbetreatedbutwewouldn’tdoitbecausewecouldn’tcatcheveryanimalDanielStahler.aparkwaifbiologistsaid.Andthisallowsthemtobuildupanaturalresistance.Thecensusfound22pupscomparedwith69lastyear.Thetotalcountofwolvesdroppedm118from171thelowestsince2000.ItwassomewhatdevastatingtohavesuchpoorpupsurvivalMr.Stahlersaid.Butresearchshowsthatyoungpupscanbouncebackfromitquitesuccessfully.ThatpupshavesufferedthedeclineseemstosuggesttheculpritisparvosaidEdBangswaifrecoverycoordinatorfortheUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServicehere.Nursingpupsreceiveimmunityfromtheirmother’smilk.buttheimmunitydropswhennursingstops.Thelargenumberofwolvesintheparkmightalsobeafactor.WhenyouhaveabiglitterandadultsarehavingtroublekillingenoughtofeedallthesepupsandtheanimalsarestressedparvoflaresupMr.Bangssaid.Ifyouhave15brothersandsistersinsteadof3youdon’tgetenoughtoeat;parvokillsyou.CanineparvoviruswasdiscoveredintheUnitedStatesin1978.Extremelyhardythediseasespreadrapidlytodomesticdogsandthenintowildanimalpopulations.BiologistssuspectthatitwasintroducedtoYellowstonebyatourist’sinfecteddogoracoyote.Becauseparvoissohardyitpersistsinthesoilformonths.Awolfcouldcatchitfromsimplysniffinginfectioussoil.thebiologistssaid.Thediseasehashitwolvesonthenorthernrangetheelk-filledmeadowsofthenorthernhalfoftheparkespeciallyhard.Outof49pupsbornthere8survived.SomescientistsincludingMr.Bangstheorizethattheparkmayhaveovershotitscapacityforwolvesandthatthenumbersarenaturallyadjustingdownwardwithdiseasebeingoneoftheagents.Thelong-termcarryingcapacityoftheparkhesaidisprobably110to150wolves.Wolveshavebeenkilledinotherwaystoo.Frequentencountersamongcompetingwolfpacksarethebiggestcauseofdeathamongadults.Inthefirstfiveyearsoftheirreintroductiontotheparkoneortwoanimalsayearwerekilledbyotherwolves.Thatnumberhasrisentofourorfiveayear.VehiclesalsotakeatollFourteenwolveshavebeenkilledbyvehiclesinthelast10yearseightofthemnearMileMarker30onRoute191astraightstretchonthewesternsideoftheparkwheremotoriststendtospeedandwolvesareplentiful.37AccordingtothethirdparagraphMr.Bangsholdstheviewthat______.
Areburgersandfriesaproductoftheprofoundsocialchangesofthepast50yearsorweretheytoalargeextentresponsibleforthemTheauthorofthisdiatribeagainstmultinationalrestaurantbrandsoptsforthelatterexplanation.Thereisnothinginevitableaboutthefastfoodnationthatsurroundsusheconcludes.ThetriumphofMcDonald’sanditsimitatorswasbynomeanspre-ordained.Butithappenedneverthelessand.inhisviewitistobeblamedformanyoftheevilsofmodemAmericaandtheirglobalspread.TheemergenceofthecorporatecolossusfollowedinexorablybyitsdeionizationisafamiliarpatterninAmericanbusinesshistory.ThemodemphenomenonoffastfoodoriginatedinCaliforniajustbeforetheSecondWorldWar.Itsfirstmanifestationwaskerbservicewithmealsdeliveredtomotoristsbyhandsomeyoungcarhops.RichardandMauriceMcDonald.whoranadrive-inburgerbarinSanBernardinonearLosAngelesbecametiredofhavingconstantlytoreplacetheircarhopsandwashupcrockeryanddishes.In1948theydecidedtomakecustomersservethemselveswhilerestrictingthemenutoitemsthatcouldbepreparedbyunskilledcooksandeatenwithoutplatesknivesorforks.TheMcDonaldbrothersweresoonboughtoutbytheentrepreneurialRayKrocwhofranchisedtheirnameandtechniquessosuccessfullythatthereisnowscarcelyacomeroftheworldthatisfreefromtheirtrademarkgoldenarchesinvariablyspawningaclusterofrivalchainssellinghamburgerspizzasorfriedchickenhandedoutbysmilingteenagerswillingtoacceptminimalpay.Theyarecheapcheerfulpopularandchildrenlovethem.SojustwhatisMr.Schlosser’sbeefApartfromhisnutritionalreservations—toomuchfatsaltandsugar—heproveshow.asthechainsexpandedtheywereabletodictatetermstothesuppliersofpotatoesandgroundbeeftheirstapleingredients.Thiscausedanupheavalinagribusinessasafewlargesuppliersquicklyforcedlessefficientproducersoutofthemarket.Thedrivetokeepdowncostsandincreasethespeedofproductionledtotheemploymentofcheapunskilledlaborand.tothewidespreadtolerationofdangerousandunhygienicpracticesamonggrowersandprocessorswhichregulatorybodieshavefailedtopolice.Mr.Schlosserwhoisaskillfulandpersuasiveinvestigativereporterseesallthisasadamagingcorruptionofthefreemarket.Heisespeciallyangeredbypromotionaltechniquesaimedatimpressionablechildren.A1997giveawayofTeenieBeanieBabiesincreasedthesaleofMcDonalds’HappyMealsfrom10maweekto10rnaday.Andasurveyfoundthat96%ofAmericanschoolchildrencouldidentifyRonaldMcDonaldthechain’smascot.OnlySantaClausscoredhigher.WhichoneofthefollowingaspectsofMcDonald’sdoesMrSchlosserdetestmost
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.3
Directions: Supposeyouarethemanagerofacompany.Writealetterofjobrefusaltooneoftheintervieweesinwhichshouldinclude1yourappreciationforhisapplication;2themasonsforyourrefusal;3thepossibilityforfuturecooperation.Youshouldwriteabout100words.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"LiMing"instead.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.
Thefourgirlsin"TheSisterhoodoftheTravelingPants"makeapact.46Havingfoundthemagiceverywomandreamsofapairofjeansthatfitsallfourofthemperfectlytheyvowtosharethemlong-distanceduringtheirfirstsummerapart. Thejeansmustbemagicbecausethegirls’shapescouldn’tbemoredifferent.PetiteLenaAlexisBledelisallergictoboyswhoseeherasabeautifulface.WittyCarmenAmericaFerreraistoocurvytofitintothebridesmaid’sgownorderedforherbyLydiaNancyTravistheSouthernbride-to-beofherdivorcedfatherBradleyWhitford.BridgetBlakeLivelyalankystarathletehasnevercometotermswithhermother’ssuicide.47AndTibbyAmberTamblynisablue-hairedcynicwhosesummerjobatasuperstorenamedWallman’sispayingforvideoequipmenttomakeherfirstfilm. 48Thegirlspassthejeansaroundtobringthemluckwhentheyareseparated:LenawithrelativesonSantoriniwhereKostasMichaelRadychangeshermindaboutmen;Carmenwiththefathersheneverseeswhosenewfamilyisashock;BridgetinaMexicansoccercampwhereshesetshersightsonEricMikeVogelforbiddenfruitbecausehe’sacoach;andTibbyvideotapingherco-workers."Adocumentary"saysoneinterviewsubject."That’slikeamovieonlyboring" DeliaEphronandElizabethChandler’sscreenplayisnicelyservedbythedirectionofacomedyveteranKenKwapis.49Hecreatesafairytalesummerworldwherethegirlsgrapplewithrealissues:loveandfamilydeathlosingyourvirginityforthewrongreasonsdivorceracismandhavinganunfashionablebodytype.50Themagicofcourseisinthegirlsastheyhelpeachotherachieveinsightsthatfewoftheirelderscouldmanage.gentlysprinkledsprinkledwithtears.AnnBrashareswhowrotethenovelonwhichthefilmisbasedhaswrittentwomorebooksabouttheSisterhood.IfthisoneclicksWarnerBrosmayfinditselftheproudownerofthefirstsummerfilmfranchiseforteenagegirls. 47
ItcomesasasurprisegivenMicrosoft’snotorioustenacitybutthesoftwaregiantisdefinitelyouttoclearitsantitrustplate.AfteritssettlementwiththeJusticeDepartmentthecompanyhasnowstruckanagreementtoendmorethan100privateclass-actionsuitsandsignalledthatitwantstodothesameforthecasebroughtagainstitbytheEuropeanCommission.41 YetrecenteventssuggestthatitwillnotbethateasyforMicrosofttoshrugoffitslegalwoes.Forastarttheninestateattorneys-generalopposingthefederalsettlementhaveaskedthetrialjudgetoImposetougherremedies.42.AndthisweekaSenatecommitteehearingwasdominatedbycriticismofthefederalsettlement. TheleastofMicrosoft’sproblemsaretheclass-actionsuitsfiledonbehalfofconsumerswhosaytheywereharmedbythecompany’sbehaviour.Givingmoneytoschoolsisagoodidea.ButhalfofthegiftwouldbeintheformoffreeMicrosoftsoftwarecostingthecompanyalmostnothingandhurtingcompetitorsintheeducationmarketmainlyApple.SoworriedisSteveJobsApple’sbossthathehaspubliclycriticisedthedeal—afterhayingkeptquietduringtheentireantitrusttrial.43 Theproposalofthedissentingstatesismoreserious.44.CentraltotheplanareremediesconcerningMicrosoft’sbrowsersoftwareandtheJavaprogramminglanguage:thecompanywouldbeforcedtolicensethesourcecodemitsbrowserandtomakesurethatJavaprogramscanrunonWindows.Microsoftwouldalsoberequiredmofferastripped-downversionofWindowssothatPCmakerscouldchooseadd-onsotherthanitsown. Microsoftsaysthattheproposedremediesare"extremeandnotcommensuratewithwhatisleftofthecase".ColleenKollar-Kotellythetrialjudgewilldecidenextspring.Shehasputthecaseontwoparalleltracks.OneisareviewoftheexistingJusticeDepartmentsettlementundertheTunneyacttodetermineifitisinthepublicinterest.Theotherislitigationoverthenewlyproposedremedies. TheEuropeanCommission.foritspartwillprobablywaitandseewhattranspiresmAmericabeforeproceeding.Itisunlikelysimplytorubber-stamptheoutcomeasMicrosofthassuggested.ForonethingEuropeanregulatorshavedisagreementsoftheirownwiththecompanychieflythatitistryingtoextenditsmonopolyintotheserverandmedia-playermarkets. ButcompetitorsandcriticsofthesoftwaregiantwhohaveheavilylobbiedboththestatesandBrusselsshouldnotgettheirhopesup.GiventheeconomicandpoliticalenvironmentitisstillunlikelythatMicrosoftwillgetmorethanaslaponthewristevenifithurtsmorethanthecompanywouldlike.45 Tosomeextentthisisalreadyhappening.The"LibertyAlliance"forexampleisgainingmomentum.AmericanExpressandAOLTimeWarnerrecentlyjoinedthiscoalitionwhosegoalistoprovideanalternativetoMicrosoft’sonlineauthenticationservicecalledPassport.SimilarlyiftheentertainmentindustrygotitsacttogetheritmightbeabletostopMicrosoftdefiningthestandardfordigitalcopy-protection.PerhapsthistimearoundsuchallianceswillproveabettermatchforMicrosoft’sdetermination. [A]Businessesandconsumerswantbenefitsofbeingconnectedanytimeanyplace—withoutcompromisingsecurityorcontrolofpersonalinformation. [B]ItsrivalswouldperhapsdobettertoconcentratetheirenergiesonformingalliancesthatcouldhelptokeepMicrosoftincheck. [C]About12500schools—manyofwhichareamongthenation’spoorest—wouldbeeligibletoreceivesoftwarefromMicrosoftundertheproposal. [D]Anotherjudgesupervisingtheclass-actionsuitshasquestionedMicrosoft’splantosettlealloftheeasesbydonating$1billiontopoorschools. [E]AsiftounderlinethisnewapproachMicrosoftrecentlyannouncedthatWilliamNeukomitslong-servinggeneralcounselwillsoonbereplacedbyBradSmithhismoreconvivialdeputy [F]Theirsuggestedremediesdomorethanjustplugtheloopholesinthemainsettlementandprovidefortougherenforcement.TheywouldtakebackmuchofwhatMicrosofthaswonbyabusingitsmonopolypower. [G]Thejudge’sremarkssuggestthatMicrosoftwillhavetopaycashinfullifitwantshimmapprovetheagreement. 43
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.17
Duringitsformativeyearstheinnersolarsystemwasarough-and-tumbleplace.Therewereacoupleofhundredlargeobjectsflyingaround.Moon-sizeorbiggerandformillionsofyearstheycollidedwithoneanother.Outoftheseimpactsgrewtheterrestrialplanets—MercuryVenusEarthwithitsMoonandMars—andtheasteroids.Scientistshavethoughtofthesecollisionsasmergers:asmallerobjecttheimpactorhitsalargeronethetargetandstickstoit.ButnewcomputermodelingbyErikAsphaugandCraigB.AgnoroftheUniversityofCaliforniaSantaCruzshowsthatthingsweren’tthatsimple.MostofthetimetheimpactorandthetargetgooffontheirmerrywaysDr.Asphaugsaid.Abouthalfthecollisionsarethesehit-and-nmaffairs.NowthetworesearchersandacolleagueQuentinWilliams.havedonesimulationstostudytheeffectsofthesecollisionsontheimpactors.Theyarenotpretty.TheimpactorssufferallkindsoffatesDr.Asphaugsaid.Theyundergotremendousshearingandgravitationalforcesthatcancausethemtofractureintosmallerpiecesormeltcausingchemicalchangesinthematerialandlossofwaterorothervolatilecompounds.Orthecrustandcovercanbestrippedoff.leavingjustanembryonicironcore.TheresearcherswhosefindingsarepublishedinNaturediscoveredthattwoobjectsdidnotevenhavetocollidetocreateaneffectonthesmallerone.fromthegravitationalforcesofanear-collision.Duringthesimulations.Dr.AsphaugsaidWe’dlookandsay’Goshwejustgotridofthewholeatmosphereofthatplanetoid:itdidn’tevenhitanditsuckedthewholeatmosphereoff.’Theresearcherssuggestthattheremainsofthesebeaten-upfracturedandmeltedobjectscanbefoundintheasteroidbelt.Dr.Asphaugsaidthatcouldexplaintheprevalenceofironrelicsinthebelt.SomeoftheseplanetoidremnantsalsoeventuallyhitEarth:thatwouldhelpexplainwhycertainmeteoriteslackwaterandothervolatileelements.Thehit-and-runcollisionmodelalsoprovidesanexplanationforVesta.alargeasteroidwithanintactcrustandcover.HowdidVestakeepitscoverwhilesomanyotherobjectswerelosingtheirsDr.AsphangsaiditcouldbethatVestawasalwaysthetargetnevertheimpactorandwasthuslessaffected.Itjusthadtoavoidbeingthehitterhesaiduntilbiggerobjectsleftthesystem./Accordingtothehit-and-nmcollisionmodelVestakeepsitscoverprobablybecause______.
Zimbabweanscopewiththeshortageofthedollarsthatcountinvariousways.Thegovernmentgrabsthemfromotherpeople.OnFebruary9th.ittoldthecountry’sbankstostartsellingalltheirhard-currencyinflowstothecentralbankandthestatepetrol-importingmonopolyattheofficialrate.ItsaidthatZimbabweanembassiesabroadfacepowercutsbecausetheycannotpaytheirbills.ButifstaffinMoscowfeltchillythegrabdidnotwarmthem.Exporterstoldtheircustomerstodelaypayments.Hard-currencyinflowsfellbysome90%forcingthegovernmenttorelent.Businessfolkwererelieved.TheeconomyissostormythatmanyexportersstayafloatonlybysellingAmericandollarsontheblackmarket.Otherstrytokeeptheirforeignearningsoffshore.Thisisnoteasysincemostselltobaccogoldrosesandothergoodsthatcanbeobservedandrecordedastheyleavethecountry.Butsomequietlysetupoverseassubsidiariestobuytheirownproductsatartificiallylowprices.Thesubsidiarythensellsthegoodsmtherealbuyerandkeepstheproceedsabroad.Sincepetrolwhichmustbeimportedisscarcesomeemployersgivetheirstaffbicycles.Butthetwolocalbicyclemakershavegonebankruptsobicyclesmustbeimportedtoo.Wherepossiblelocalproductsarereplacedforimports.Onefirmforexamplehasdevisedawaytomakeglueusingoilfromlocally-growncastorbeansinsteadofpetroleum-basedchemicals.Buteventhesimplestproductsoftenhaveimportedcomponents.Onemanufacturerfounditcouldnotmakefirst-aidkitsbecauseitcouldnotobtainzipsforthebags.Thelocalzip-makerhadnodollarstoimportsmallbutessentialmetalstuds.Anorderworth$8000waslostforwantofperhaps$100inhardcash.Richindividualsareputtingtheirsavingsintotangibleassetsthoughnothousesorlandwhichtheyfearthegovernmentmayseize.Insteadtheybuymovablegoodssuchascarsorjewellery.UnliketheZimbabweandollarsuchassetsdonotlosehalftheirvalueeveryyear.Jewelleryisalsoaneasywaymmovemoneyabroad.WearitontheplanesellitinLondon.andleavethemoneythere.Thepoorhavefeweroptions.Atypicalunskilledwagenowbuysaloafofbreadandalitreofmilkadayplusthebusfaretowork.FormostpoorZimbabweanstheonlymeasureagainstinflationistoplantmaizeinthebackyardandhopetheycanharvestitbeforetheirlandlordexpelsthem.Theexampleofzipsreflects______.
Areburgersandfriesaproductoftheprofoundsocialchangesofthepast50yearsorweretheytoalargeextentresponsibleforthemTheauthorofthisdiatribeagainstmultinationalrestaurantbrandsoptsforthelatterexplanation.Thereisnothinginevitableaboutthefastfoodnationthatsurroundsusheconcludes.ThetriumphofMcDonald’sanditsimitatorswasbynomeanspre-ordained.Butithappenedneverthelessand.inhisviewitistobeblamedformanyoftheevilsofmodemAmericaandtheirglobalspread.TheemergenceofthecorporatecolossusfollowedinexorablybyitsdeionizationisafamiliarpatterninAmericanbusinesshistory.ThemodemphenomenonoffastfoodoriginatedinCaliforniajustbeforetheSecondWorldWar.Itsfirstmanifestationwaskerbservicewithmealsdeliveredtomotoristsbyhandsomeyoungcarhops.RichardandMauriceMcDonald.whoranadrive-inburgerbarinSanBernardinonearLosAngelesbecametiredofhavingconstantlytoreplacetheircarhopsandwashupcrockeryanddishes.In1948theydecidedtomakecustomersservethemselveswhilerestrictingthemenutoitemsthatcouldbepreparedbyunskilledcooksandeatenwithoutplatesknivesorforks.TheMcDonaldbrothersweresoonboughtoutbytheentrepreneurialRayKrocwhofranchisedtheirnameandtechniquessosuccessfullythatthereisnowscarcelyacomeroftheworldthatisfreefromtheirtrademarkgoldenarchesinvariablyspawningaclusterofrivalchainssellinghamburgerspizzasorfriedchickenhandedoutbysmilingteenagerswillingtoacceptminimalpay.Theyarecheapcheerfulpopularandchildrenlovethem.SojustwhatisMr.Schlosser’sbeefApartfromhisnutritionalreservations—toomuchfatsaltandsugar—heproveshow.asthechainsexpandedtheywereabletodictatetermstothesuppliersofpotatoesandgroundbeeftheirstapleingredients.Thiscausedanupheavalinagribusinessasafewlargesuppliersquicklyforcedlessefficientproducersoutofthemarket.Thedrivetokeepdowncostsandincreasethespeedofproductionledtotheemploymentofcheapunskilledlaborand.tothewidespreadtolerationofdangerousandunhygienicpracticesamonggrowersandprocessorswhichregulatorybodieshavefailedtopolice.Mr.Schlosserwhoisaskillfulandpersuasiveinvestigativereporterseesallthisasadamagingcorruptionofthefreemarket.Heisespeciallyangeredbypromotionaltechniquesaimedatimpressionablechildren.A1997giveawayofTeenieBeanieBabiesincreasedthesaleofMcDonalds’HappyMealsfrom10maweekto10rnaday.Andasurveyfoundthat96%ofAmericanschoolchildrencouldidentifyRonaldMcDonaldthechain’smascot.OnlySantaClausscoredhigher.ThewordkerbserviceLine2Par
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.1
AnannualcensusofwolvesatYellowstoneNationalParkhasfoundasharpdropinthepopulation.Butparkbiologistswhosuspectadeadlydiseasecanineparvovirussaytheywillletnaturetakeitscourse.Parvocanbevaccinatedforandcanbetreatedbutwewouldn’tdoitbecausewecouldn’tcatcheveryanimalDanielStahler.aparkwaifbiologistsaid.Andthisallowsthemtobuildupanaturalresistance.Thecensusfound22pupscomparedwith69lastyear.Thetotalcountofwolvesdroppedm118from171thelowestsince2000.ItwassomewhatdevastatingtohavesuchpoorpupsurvivalMr.Stahlersaid.Butresearchshowsthatyoungpupscanbouncebackfromitquitesuccessfully.ThatpupshavesufferedthedeclineseemstosuggesttheculpritisparvosaidEdBangswaifrecoverycoordinatorfortheUnitedStatesFishandWildlifeServicehere.Nursingpupsreceiveimmunityfromtheirmother’smilk.buttheimmunitydropswhennursingstops.Thelargenumberofwolvesintheparkmightalsobeafactor.WhenyouhaveabiglitterandadultsarehavingtroublekillingenoughtofeedallthesepupsandtheanimalsarestressedparvoflaresupMr.Bangssaid.Ifyouhave15brothersandsistersinsteadof3youdon’tgetenoughtoeat;parvokillsyou.CanineparvoviruswasdiscoveredintheUnitedStatesin1978.Extremelyhardythediseasespreadrapidlytodomesticdogsandthenintowildanimalpopulations.BiologistssuspectthatitwasintroducedtoYellowstonebyatourist’sinfecteddogoracoyote.Becauseparvoissohardyitpersistsinthesoilformonths.Awolfcouldcatchitfromsimplysniffinginfectioussoil.thebiologistssaid.Thediseasehashitwolvesonthenorthernrangetheelk-filledmeadowsofthenorthernhalfoftheparkespeciallyhard.Outof49pupsbornthere8survived.SomescientistsincludingMr.Bangstheorizethattheparkmayhaveovershotitscapacityforwolvesandthatthenumbersarenaturallyadjustingdownwardwithdiseasebeingoneoftheagents.Thelong-termcarryingcapacityoftheparkhesaidisprobably110to150wolves.Wolveshavebeenkilledinotherwaystoo.Frequentencountersamongcompetingwolfpacksarethebiggestcauseofdeathamongadults.Inthefirstfiveyearsoftheirreintroductiontotheparkoneortwoanimalsayearwerekilledbyotherwolves.Thatnumberhasrisentofourorfiveayear.VehiclesalsotakeatollFourteenwolveshavebeenkilledbyvehiclesinthelast10yearseightofthemnearMileMarker30onRoute191astraightstretchonthewesternsideoftheparkwheremotoriststendtospeedandwolvesareplentiful.Accordingtothefifthparagraphthescientiststhinkthewolves’declineinnumberis______.
Cloudsmayhavesilverliningsbuteventhesunniestofusseldomglimpsethemonfoot.ThemarvelousBlurBuildingthathoversabovethelakeofYverdonlesBainsinSwitzerlandprovidessuchanopportunity.Itgivesanyonewhohaseverwantedtostepintothecloudstheywatchfromtheairplanewindowachancetorealizetheirdream.Visitorswearwaterproofponchosbeforesettingoffalongawalkwayabovethelakethattakesthemintothefoggyatmosphereofthecloud.Theexperienceofphysicalformsblurringbeforeyoureyesasyouenterthecloudisbothdisorientatingandliberating.Howeverfirmlyyourfeetareplantedontheflooritishardtoescapethesensationoffloating.Ontheupperdeckofthisspaceship-shapedstructuretheAngelBaratranslucentcounterlitintonesofaqueousbluebeckonswithadozendifferentkindsofmineralwater.ToenterthissublimebuildingsituatedinthelandscapeoftheSwissAlpsfeelslikewalkingintoapoem—itispartofnaturebutremovedfromrealityItsarchitectsElizabethDillerandRicardoScofidioofNewYorkdesigneditasapavilionfortheSwissExpo2002intheThreeLakesregionofSwitzerlandanhour’strainridefromGenevawhichfeaturesaseriesofexhibitsonthelakes.TheBlurBuildingiseasilythemostsuccessful.IndeedyoucanskiptherestoftheExpo—aSwisskitschversionofBritain’sMillenniumDome—andheadstraightforthecloudwhichisthereuntiltheendofOctober.Thearchitectsaskedthemselveswhatwastheidealmaterialforbuildingonalakeanddecidedonwateritself.’theelementofthelakethesnow.theriversandthemistaboveit.Theywantedtoplayonandlaybarethenotionofaworld’sfairpavilionbycreatinganetherealghostofoneinwhichthereisnothingtosee.Theresultisarefugefromthesurveillancecamerasandhigh-definitionimagesofoureverydayworld—aparticularteaseinSwitzerlandwhereclarityandprecisionaresoprized.Anti-architectureornottheBlurBuildingcostacool$7.5million.Out-of-the-boxthinkingisatrademarkofDiller+Scofidio.ahusband-and-wifeteamofarchitectureprofessorswhobecamethefirstarchitectstowinageniusgrantfromtheMacArthurFoundationin1999.Althoughtheyhavebuiltverylittletheyareinterestedinthesocialexperienceofarchitectureinchallengingpeople’sideasaboutbuildings.Theytreatarchitectureasananalyticalartformthatcombinesotherdisciplinessuchasvisualartandphotographydanceandtheatre.TorealizeitsUtopianpoetrytheBlurBuildinghastobetechnologicallystate-of-the-art.Waterfromthelakeispumpedthrough32.000fognozzlespositionedthroughouttheskeleton-likestainlesssteelstructure;sothebuildingdoesnotjustlooklikeacloudontheoutsideitfeelslikeacloudontheinside.Andwhilethe300-foot-wideplatformcanaccommodateupto400peoplevisitorsvanishfromeachotherinthemistataboutfivepacessoyoureallycanwanderlonelyasacloud.Wordsworthmustbesmiling.Theexpressionout-of-the-boxLine1.Par
Thenumberofcityschoolsputonalistforstrictscrutinybythestateforpooracademicperformancewentupslightlythisyear.andthenumberofcityschoolstakenoffthelistbyshowingimprovementdroppedthestate’scommissionerofeducationannouncedyesterday.Tencityschools—nowatriskofbeingshutdown—wereaddedtothelistofSchoolsUnderRegistrationReviewknownasSURRbringingthetotalinthecitym40.Statewide.61schoolsareunderreviewsaidthecommissionerRichardMills.Theadditionof10cityschoolsreverseswhathadbeenatrendinthepastfewyears:thenumberofschoolsonthelisthadbeenfalling.Therewere55schoolsin200346in2004and35lastyearanall-timelow.Butthisyearanewfactorwasatwork:Thestateraisedthelevelofperformancerequiredtopassitsstandards.Inaddition6ofthe10newlynamedschoolsaremiddleschools--andthoseschoolshaveforyearsconfoundededucatorsbyresistingtheimprovementsthathaveworkedinlowergradesandeveninhighschools.Threecityschoolswereremovedfromthelistthisyearforimprovementinacademicperformancebutthatnumberwassignificantlylowerthanthenumberremovedineachofthepastseveralyears.Forinstance16schoolsweretakenoffthelistlastyear.SchoolsChancellorJoelI.Kleinobservedthatthenumberofendangeredschoolsstillremainsatanear-recordlow.Nevertheless.wecannotacceptfailingperformancebyanyofourschoolsforanyreasonhesaid.Ifaschoolprovesincapableofprovidingahigh-qualityeducationmourstudentsdespiteeffortstoimproveititwillbeclosed.Hesaid8ofthe40schoolsthathavebeenonthelistwerescheduledmbeclosedthisyearand5morewillbeclosednextyear.ThestatealsoexpandeditsreviewprocessforthefirsttimethisyearmDistrict75whichcoversspecialeducationschoolsandoneDistrict75schoolPublicSchool12intheBronxwasputonthelist.DespitetheadditionsMr.Millssaidhewaspleased.Ithinkit’simpressivesincewehavebeenrinsingthebarhesaid.Thecityhasessentiallybeenstayingaheadofamovinglocomotive.ElsewhereinthestatethreeschoolsinBuffaloandtwoinSyracusewereaddedtothelist.The10NewYorkCityschoolsonthelistareLegacySchoolforIntegratedStudiesinManhattan;P.S.220P.S.12JuniorHighSchool123andMiddleSchool302intheBronx;J.H.S.265.J.H.S.57M.S.143IntermediateSchool291andP.S.12inBrooklyn.ThethreeschoolsremovedfromthelistareP.S.140intheBronx.RepertoryCompanyHighSchoolinManhattanandEBC/ENYHighSchoolforPublicSafetyandLawinBrooklyn.Fromthetextwecanconcludethattheauthor______.
Zimbabweanscopewiththeshortageofthedollarsthatcountinvariousways.Thegovernmentgrabsthemfromotherpeople.OnFebruary9th.ittoldthecountry’sbankstostartsellingalltheirhard-currencyinflowstothecentralbankandthestatepetrol-importingmonopolyattheofficialrate.ItsaidthatZimbabweanembassiesabroadfacepowercutsbecausetheycannotpaytheirbills.ButifstaffinMoscowfeltchillythegrabdidnotwarmthem.Exporterstoldtheircustomerstodelaypayments.Hard-currencyinflowsfellbysome90%forcingthegovernmenttorelent.Businessfolkwererelieved.TheeconomyissostormythatmanyexportersstayafloatonlybysellingAmericandollarsontheblackmarket.Otherstrytokeeptheirforeignearningsoffshore.Thisisnoteasysincemostselltobaccogoldrosesandothergoodsthatcanbeobservedandrecordedastheyleavethecountry.Butsomequietlysetupoverseassubsidiariestobuytheirownproductsatartificiallylowprices.Thesubsidiarythensellsthegoodsmtherealbuyerandkeepstheproceedsabroad.Sincepetrolwhichmustbeimportedisscarcesomeemployersgivetheirstaffbicycles.Butthetwolocalbicyclemakershavegonebankruptsobicyclesmustbeimportedtoo.Wherepossiblelocalproductsarereplacedforimports.Onefirmforexamplehasdevisedawaytomakeglueusingoilfromlocally-growncastorbeansinsteadofpetroleum-basedchemicals.Buteventhesimplestproductsoftenhaveimportedcomponents.Onemanufacturerfounditcouldnotmakefirst-aidkitsbecauseitcouldnotobtainzipsforthebags.Thelocalzip-makerhadnodollarstoimportsmallbutessentialmetalstuds.Anorderworth$8000waslostforwantofperhaps$100inhardcash.Richindividualsareputtingtheirsavingsintotangibleassetsthoughnothousesorlandwhichtheyfearthegovernmentmayseize.Insteadtheybuymovablegoodssuchascarsorjewellery.UnliketheZimbabweandollarsuchassetsdonotlosehalftheirvalueeveryyear.Jewelleryisalsoaneasywaymmovemoneyabroad.WearitontheplanesellitinLondon.andleavethemoneythere.Thepoorhavefeweroptions.Atypicalunskilledwagenowbuysaloafofbreadandalitreofmilkadayplusthebusfaretowork.FormostpoorZimbabweanstheonlymeasureagainstinflationistoplantmaizeinthebackyardandhopetheycanharvestitbeforetheirlandlordexpelsthem.ButifstaffinMoscowfeltchillythegrabdidnotwarmthem.meansthemeasuregovernmentadoptedis______.
Forthosewhoregardtheal-JazeeraTVchannelasabiasedanti-westernmouthpieceforOsamabinLadentheannouncementthatitwillstartbroadcasting24hoursadayinEnglishnextyearwillbeunwelcome.ItslikeliestaudienceisMuslims1theMiddleEastwhodonotspeakArabic.Willal-Jazeera’sreportsofsufferingandrageinIraqandbeyondinspireanger2Americaandits3athometoo Thenewservicemayproveabitless4thanitsArabicsibling.NigelParsonsitsmanagingeditorsaysthatal-Jazeerahasbeentoostridenton5inthepastandthattheEnglishchannelwill6toredressthat.Itwillstrive7balancecredibilityandauthorityhesaysanditwillsignalanewmaturityforal-JazeerawhichwasstartedbytheemirofQatarin1996. Itwillbroadcastitsownoriginalcontent—newsdocumentariesandtalkshows—8studiosinDohaLondonandWashington9internationalnewsbeyondtheMiddleEast.especiallythedevelopingcountriesoften10byexistingEnglish-languagechannels. A1-Jazeeraisalreadyenjoyingafreshburstof11outsidetheMiddleEast.AroundthesametimethattheinterimgovernmentinIraqorderedittoshutitsbureauinBaghdadwesternersstartedwatching"ControlRoom"afilmsympathetic12thestationdirectedbyJehaneNoujaim.AtascreeninginLondonlastweekanaudienceoflocaljournalistslaughedalong13al-Jazeera’sreportersandeditors14the15oftheAmericanmilitary. Thebiggestmysteryaboutal-Jazeerasurrounditsfundingwhich"ControlRoom"sadlydidnot16.Qatarhasanew17intheworld18tothestation.Thatmaybewhytheemiriswillingtospend19anEnglish-languagechanneleven20theoriginalArabiconeisprobablylosingmoney. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCorDonANSWERSHEET1.11
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