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WomenaccordingtoChairmanMaoholduphalfthesky—butinCaliforniasomearebetterrewardedforthiseffortthanothers.AccordingtoanewstudyfromthePublicPolicyInstituteofCaliforniaAsianwomenbornintheUnitedStatesoutstripalltheirsistersintermsofearningpower.TheaveragehourlywageforAmerican-bornAsianladiesin2001thelatestyearwithreliablefigureswas$19.30withAmerican-bornwhitescomingnext.OnthebottomrungsoftheladdercameLatinas:ifbornabroadtheyearnedamere$10.40anhourthoughthiswascomfortablyaboveCalifornia’sthen$6.25minimumwage;ifborninAmericatheymanaged$15.10anhour.Educationisthebiggestreasonfortheethnicdisparities.Some55%ofCalifornia’sAmerican-bornAsianwomenhaveatleastabachelor’sdegreeandanimpressive84%ofthemeitherhavejobsorarelookingforthem.Bycontrastonly14%ofAmerican-bornHispanicwomenhaveabachelor’sdegreeandonly74%ofthemareinthelabourmarket.MeanwhileLatinasbornabroadareoftencondemnedtolow-payingjobsbyaneveninefficienteducationorapoorknowledgeofEnglish.MuchthesamecanbesaidofAsianwomenborninSouth-EastAsiaacategorythatincludesrefugeesfromLaosVietnamandCambodia.Theinstitutecalculatesthattheyearnedanaverageof$15.80almost$1lessthanotherforeign-bornAsians.ButeducationisnottheonlyfactorinplayforCalifornia’swomen.LargerfamiliesmakeitmoredifficultforLatinastogoouttoworkinthefirstplace;blacksoftenlivetoofarawaytocommutetowell-paidjobs;andjustasAsiansmaybenefitfromhighexpectationssoothergroupsmaysufferfromlowones.Theinstitutemakesanattemptheroicorpoliticallycorrecttoadjustforsuchfactorsimaginingforexamplethataforeign-bornLatinahasthesamefamilystructureeducationandplaceofresidenceastheaverageCalifornianwoman.Thatbringstheaveragewageforforeign-bornLatinasuptoamorerespectable$15.20;yetAmerican-bornAsiansstillruletheroost.ButbeforethegoldengirlsgettoohappytheinstitutereckonsthatCalifornianwomenofallsortstendtoearnroughly20%lessthantheirmenfolkdo.WhatdoesitmeanbyruletheroostLine4Lastparagraph
TheelephantsofThailandusednevertobeshortofworkhaulingtimber.Butmostofthecountry’sforestshavebeencutdownandloggingisnowbannedtosavethefewthatareleft.Thenumberofdomesticatedelephantsleftinthecountryisnowonly2500orso.downfromabout100000acenturyago.ThoughbeingthenationalanimalofThailandearnsanelephantplentyofrespectthisdoesnotputgrassonthetable.ThaielephantsthesedaystaketouristsontreksorperformincircusesandaresometimestobeseenbeggingforbananasonthestreetsofBangkok.Someofthe46elephantslivingattheThaiElephantConservationCentreaformergovernmentloggingcampnearLampanghavefoundanewlifeinmusic.TheThaiElephantOrchestraisthecreationoftwoAmericansRichardLairwhohasworkedwithAsianelephantsfor23yearsandDavidSoldieramusicianandneuroscientistwithatastefortheavant-garde.Theyprovidedsixofthecenter’selephantsaged7to18withavarietyofpercussionandwindinstruments.ThosefamiliarwithThaiinstrumentswillrecognizetheslitdrumsthegongthebowbassthexylophone-likerantsaswellasthethundersheet.Theonlydifferenceisthattheelephantversionsareabitstronger.Theelephantsaregivenacuetostartandthentheyprepare.Theyclearlyhaveastrongsenseofrhythm.Theyflaptheirearstothebeatswishtheirtailsandgenerallyrockbackandforth.Someaddtothemelodywiththeirowntrumpeting.Elephantmood-musiccouldhaveacommercialfutureMr.Soldierbelieves.HehasevenproducedaCDontheMulattalabel—itisavailableatwww.mulatta.org—with13elephanttracks.Itisrealelephantmusichesayswithonlythehumannoisesremovedbysoundengineers.ButisitmusicBobHallidaymusiccriticoftheBangkokPostsaysitis.Hecommendstheelephantsforbeingsocommunicative.Anyonenotknowingthatitwaselephantmusichesayswouldassumethathumanswereplaying.Someoftheelephantsinthebandhavealsotriedtheirhandatpaintingtendingtofavortheabstractovertherepresentationalstyle.Theirbroad-strokeacrylicpaintingslastyearhelpedraisesome$25000atacharityauctionatChristie’sinNewYorkandaLondongalleryhasalsotakensomeoftheirwork.TheseartsalestogetherwithprofitsfromtheCDarehelpingtokeepthecentregoing.AsecondCDisontheway.Itwillbelessclassicalmorepop.Theelephantsdonotmakemoneyfrom______.
WhereisthesecondcentreofHollywoodfilmmakinginEurope.afterLondon*.Paris.orperhapsBerlinTryPrague.LastyearHollywoodspentover$200monshootingmoviescommercialsandpopvideosintheCzechcapital.Thisyear.allthebigstudioswillbeintown.MGMhasHart’sWarstarringBruceWillis;DisneyisshootingBlackSheepwithAnthonyHopkins;andFoxhasjustfinishedfilmingFromHellaJacktheRippersagastarringJohnnyDepp.PraguerstakeTinseltownintheirstride.OldladieslookedonlyslightlyconfusedlastmonthwhenthecobbledstreetsofMalaStranaPrague’soldquarterwereclearedofrealsnowandsprayedwithamorecinematicallypleasingchemicalalternativeforUniversal’sBourneIdentitya$50mthrillerstarringMattDamon.Thefilm’sproducerPatCrowleyreckonsadayfilminginPraguecostshim$100.000against$250000inParis.CzechcrewshesaysareprofessionalEnglish-speakingandnumerous.Theyarealsoabargain—40%cheaperthansimilarcrewsinLondonorLosAngelespointsoutMatthewStillman.theBritishbossofStillkingaPrague-basedproductionfirm.Mr.StillmanfoundedStillkingin1993afterarrivinginPraguewith$500andatypewriter.TodayHollywoodproducerscometothecompanyforcrewscateringlightsandmuchmore.Itclaimstohaveabouthalfofthelocalfilm-productionbusinessandthisyearhopesforrevenuesofover$50m.ThebiggestdrawtoPraguehoweverisBarrandov—oneofthelargestfilmstudiosinEuropewith11sound-stagesonsitephotolabsandtop-notchtechnicians.ItwasfoundedduringCzechoslovakia’spre-warfirstrepublicbyMilosHavelanuncleofthepresentCzechpresidentVaclavHavel.TheNazisexpandeditasaproductioncentreforpropagandaflicks—thesound-stagesarecourtesyofJosephGoebbels.ThencametheCommunistswiththeirownpropagandaandadmittedlyafewimpressivehomegrowndirectorssuchasMilosFormanwhobeganHollywood’smarchtoPraguebyfilmingAmadeusthere.ButitispartlythankstoBarrandovthatPragueremainssomewaybehindLondonasafilmcentre.ThestudiohassufferedfromdoubtfulmanagementandisalreadystretchedtocapacityYoucan’tevengetanofficetheremoansoneproducer.ItspresentowneralocalsteelcompanyiskeentosellbuttalkswithaCanadianinstitutionhavebeenthornynotleastbecausetheCzechgovernmentholdsagoldenshare.ShouldtheCanadiandealfallthroughStillkingsaysitwouldconsiderabidofitsown.Stillkingisacompany______.
Inbrand-newofficeswithastill-emptygameroomandenoughspacetotripletheirstaffofnearly30atrioofentrepreneursisleadinganInternetstart-upwithanimprobablemission:toout-GoogleGoogle.ThethreestartedPowersetacompanywhoseaimistodeliverbetteranswersthananyothersearchengine—includingGoogle—bylettinguserstypequestionsinplainEnglish.AndtheyhavemadebelieversofSiliconValleyinvestorswhosefortunesturnonidentifyingthenextbigthing. Powersetishardlyalone.41.AndWikiaIncacompanystartedbyafounderofWikipediaplanstodevelopasearchenginethat.likethepopularWeb-basedencyclopediawouldbebuiltbyacommunityofprogrammersandusers.42.ItalsoshowshowmuchthenewInterneteconomyresemblesaplanetarysystemwhereeverythingandeveryoneorbitsaroundsearchingeneralandaroundGoogleinparticular. SiliconValleyisfilledwithstart-upswhosemainbusinesspropositionistobeboughtbyGoogleorforthatmatterbyYahooorMicrosoft.Countlessotherstart-upsrelyonGoogleastheirprimarydriveroftrafficoronGoogle’spowerfuladvertisingsystemastheirprimarysourceofincome.VirtuallyallnewcompaniescompotewithGoogleforscarceengineeringtalent.43 "Thereiswaytoomuchobsessionwithsearchasifitweretheendoftheworld."saidEstherDysonawell-knowntechnologyinvestorandforecaster."Googleequalsmoneyequalssearchequalssearchadvertising;itallgetscombinedasifthisisthelastgreatbusinessmodel."ItmaynotbethelastgreatbusinessmodelbutGooglehasprovedthatsearchlinkedtoadvertisingisaverylargeandlucrativebusinessandeveryone—includingMs.DysonwhoinvestedasmallsuminPowerset—seemstowantapieceofit. Sincethebeginningof2004venturecapitalistshaveputnearly$350millionintonofewerthan79start-upsthathadsomethingtodowithInternetsearchaccordingtotheNationalVentureCapitalAssociationanindustrygroup. 44SinceGoogle’sstatedmissionistoorganizealloftheworld’sinformationtheymaystillfindthemselvesinthesearchgiant’scrosshairs.ThatisnotnecessarilybadasbeingacquiredbyGooglecouldbeafinancialbonanzaforsomeoftheseentrepreneursandinvestors. 45.Powersetrecentlyreceived$12.5millioninfinancing.HakiawhichlikePowersetistryingtocreatea"naturallanguage"searchenginegot$16million.Another$16millionwenttoSnapwhichhasfocusedonpresentingsearchresultsinamorecompellingwayandisexperimentingwithanewadvertisingmodel.AndChaCha.whichusespaidresearchersthatactasvirtualreferencelibrarianstoprovideanswerstousers’queries.got$6.1million. Stillrecenthistorysuggeststhatgainingtractionisgoingtobedifficult.Ofdozensofsearchstart-upsthatwereintroducedinrecentyearsnonehadmorethana1percentshareoftheUnitedStatessearchmarketinNovember.accordingtoNielsenNetRatingsaresearchfirmthatmeasuresInternettraffic. [A]Powersetcouldpossiblystealaleadifitimprovessearchresultsbyasignificantmeasurewithnaturallanguageandsimultaneouslyincorporatesanear-equivalenttoGoogle’sexistingcapabilities. [B]EvenasGooglecontinuestooutmaneuveritsmainsearchrivalsYahooandMicrosoftplentyofnewcomers—withnameslikehakiaChaChaandSnap--aretryingtobeatthecompanyatitsowngame. [C]TheseambitiousquestsreflecttherenewedoptimismsweepingtechnologycenterslikeSiliconValleyandfuelinganascentInternetboom. [D]ButinthecurrentboomthereismoneyevenforthosewiththeaudaciousgoalofbecomingabetterGooSe. [E]AnddiviningGoogle’snextmovehasbecomeafixationforscoresoftechnologyblogsandafavoriteparlorgameamongtechnologyinvestors. [F]AnoverwhelmingmajorityarenottryingtotakeGoogleheadonbutratherarefocusingonspecializedslicesofthesearchworldlikesearchingforvideosblogpostingsormedicalinformation. [G]TheventurecapitalistsmadetheinvestmentbasedonanassumptionthatPowersetwouldcompletethelicensingdeal 43
Inbrand-newofficeswithastill-emptygameroomandenoughspacetotripletheirstaffofnearly30atrioofentrepreneursisleadinganInternetstart-upwithanimprobablemission:toout-GoogleGoogle.ThethreestartedPowersetacompanywhoseaimistodeliverbetteranswersthananyothersearchengine—includingGoogle—bylettinguserstypequestionsinplainEnglish.AndtheyhavemadebelieversofSiliconValleyinvestorswhosefortunesturnonidentifyingthenextbigthing. Powersetishardlyalone.41.AndWikiaIncacompanystartedbyafounderofWikipediaplanstodevelopasearchenginethat.likethepopularWeb-basedencyclopediawouldbebuiltbyacommunityofprogrammersandusers.42.ItalsoshowshowmuchthenewInterneteconomyresemblesaplanetarysystemwhereeverythingandeveryoneorbitsaroundsearchingeneralandaroundGoogleinparticular. SiliconValleyisfilledwithstart-upswhosemainbusinesspropositionistobeboughtbyGoogleorforthatmatterbyYahooorMicrosoft.Countlessotherstart-upsrelyonGoogleastheirprimarydriveroftrafficoronGoogle’spowerfuladvertisingsystemastheirprimarysourceofincome.VirtuallyallnewcompaniescompotewithGoogleforscarceengineeringtalent.43 "Thereiswaytoomuchobsessionwithsearchasifitweretheendoftheworld."saidEstherDysonawell-knowntechnologyinvestorandforecaster."Googleequalsmoneyequalssearchequalssearchadvertising;itallgetscombinedasifthisisthelastgreatbusinessmodel."ItmaynotbethelastgreatbusinessmodelbutGooglehasprovedthatsearchlinkedtoadvertisingisaverylargeandlucrativebusinessandeveryone—includingMs.DysonwhoinvestedasmallsuminPowerset—seemstowantapieceofit. Sincethebeginningof2004venturecapitalistshaveputnearly$350millionintonofewerthan79start-upsthathadsomethingtodowithInternetsearchaccordingtotheNationalVentureCapitalAssociationanindustrygroup. 44SinceGoogle’sstatedmissionistoorganizealloftheworld’sinformationtheymaystillfindthemselvesinthesearchgiant’scrosshairs.ThatisnotnecessarilybadasbeingacquiredbyGooglecouldbeafinancialbonanzaforsomeoftheseentrepreneursandinvestors. 45.Powersetrecentlyreceived$12.5millioninfinancing.HakiawhichlikePowersetistryingtocreatea"naturallanguage"searchenginegot$16million.Another$16millionwenttoSnapwhichhasfocusedonpresentingsearchresultsinamorecompellingwayandisexperimentingwithanewadvertisingmodel.AndChaCha.whichusespaidresearchersthatactasvirtualreferencelibrarianstoprovideanswerstousers’queries.got$6.1million. Stillrecenthistorysuggeststhatgainingtractionisgoingtobedifficult.Ofdozensofsearchstart-upsthatwereintroducedinrecentyearsnonehadmorethana1percentshareoftheUnitedStatessearchmarketinNovember.accordingtoNielsenNetRatingsaresearchfirmthatmeasuresInternettraffic. [A]Powersetcouldpossiblystealaleadifitimprovessearchresultsbyasignificantmeasurewithnaturallanguageandsimultaneouslyincorporatesanear-equivalenttoGoogle’sexistingcapabilities. [B]EvenasGooglecontinuestooutmaneuveritsmainsearchrivalsYahooandMicrosoftplentyofnewcomers—withnameslikehakiaChaChaandSnap--aretryingtobeatthecompanyatitsowngame. [C]TheseambitiousquestsreflecttherenewedoptimismsweepingtechnologycenterslikeSiliconValleyandfuelinganascentInternetboom. [D]ButinthecurrentboomthereismoneyevenforthosewiththeaudaciousgoalofbecomingabetterGooSe. [E]AnddiviningGoogle’snextmovehasbecomeafixationforscoresoftechnologyblogsandafavoriteparlorgameamongtechnologyinvestors. [F]AnoverwhelmingmajorityarenottryingtotakeGoogleheadonbutratherarefocusingonspecializedslicesofthesearchworldlikesearchingforvideosblogpostingsormedicalinformation. [G]TheventurecapitalistsmadetheinvestmentbasedonanassumptionthatPowersetwouldcompletethelicensingdeal 41
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 19
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 3
GenoaisontheItalianRivierabutitssteelworkscontainerparksandoilterminalarenottheusualcharmsofamillionaires’playground.Evenso.formanywealthypeopleitwastheplacetobelastweekendtoseetheSaloneNautico’sfabulousdisplayofluxuryboatsandyachts. 47Withsome350000visitorstheeventisashop-windowforItaly’sboatbuilderswholeadthemarketinprovidingthesuper-richwithboatsstretchingbeyond24m79ft.Italy’sboatyardsmakemorethanathirdofallthefloatingpalacesaroundtheworld.Atthisyear’sshowAzimut-BenettiandFerretti-Rivathetwoleadingproducersdisplayedtheirlatestandmostopulentmodels. Italybuildsallkindsofpleasurecraftandtwo-thirdswortheurol.7billion$2.1billionlastyearareexported.48AccordingtoPaoloVitellichairmanoftheItalianboatbuilders’associationthewinningcombinationattheverytopofthemarketisstylefabricsskilledcarpentersfashiontechnologyandinnovation."Wearemastersintheseareas.Thebusinessistailor-madeforItalians."Heisunconcernedbyhighoilpricesandpartsoftheworldsailingintoeconomicdoldrums.Themarketforluxurygoodsseemsimpervioustothese. ThreefactorssaysMrVitelli.havehelpedthemarketgrow.49Boatbuildershaveraisedoutputbyswitchingtomodernproductiontechniques:moremarinashavebeenbuiltwhichmakeslifeeasierforowners;andthenumberofmillionaireswithmoneytosplurgeonpleasurecrafthasrisensharply.Theirpocketshavetobedeep.Azimut-Benetti.whichMrVitellifoundedin1969.offersarangeofcraft.Atthetopofitsfibreglass-hulledAzimutrangeisa35m116ftmotoryachtwhichcostseuro8.5m.Asteel-hulledBenettihowevermightcostfivetimesthat.MrVitelli’sbusinessreportednetprofitsofearo35monsalesofeuro403mlastyearanditisexpandingstrongly.50MeanwhilenewmarketslikeChinaandRussia.areopeningupandproducingtheirowncropofboatingmillionaires. 49
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 5
Theevolutionaryprocessculminatinginmanwasfinallycompletedabout35000yearsagowiththeappearanceofHomoSapiensor"thinkingman."1inbroadestperspectivethisrepresentsthesecondmajorturning2inthecourseof3onthisplanet.Thefirstoccurredwhenlife4outofinorganicmatter.Afterthatmomentous5alllivingformsevolvedbyadapting6theirenvironmentaswasevidentduringtheclimateturmoilofthePleistocene.Butwiththe7ofmantheevolutionaryprocesswas8.Nolongerdidgenesadapttoenvironment.Insteadmanadaptedbychangingtheenvironmentto9hisgenes.Todayathird10turningpointappears11asman’sgrowingknowledgeofthestructureandfunctionofgenesmaysoonenablehimto12hisgenesaswellashisenvironment. Manandonlymanhasbeenabletocreateamade-to-orderenvironmentorcultureasitiscalled.Thereasonis13onlymancansymbolizeor14thingsandconceptsdivorcedfromhere-and-nowreality.Onlyhelaughsandonlyheknowsthathewilldie.Onlyhehaswondered15theuniverseanditsoriginsabouthisplaceinitandinthehereafter. Withtheseuniqueandrevolutionizingabilitiesmanhasbeenableto16withhisenvironmentwithoutalteration.HiscultureinthenewnobiologicalwayofhavingfurintheArcticwaterstorageinthedesertandfinsinthewater.Moreconcretelyculture17toolsclothingornamentsinstitutionslanguageartformsandreligiousbeliefsand18.Allthesehaveservedtoadaptmantohisphysicalenvironmentandtohisfellowman.Indeedstoryofmanissimplythestoryofa19ofculturesthathehascreatedformhisPaleolithic20tothepresentday. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.10points9
WhereisthesecondcentreofHollywoodfilmmakinginEurope.afterLondon*.Paris.orperhapsBerlinTryPrague.LastyearHollywoodspentover$200monshootingmoviescommercialsandpopvideosintheCzechcapital.Thisyear.allthebigstudioswillbeintown.MGMhasHart’sWarstarringBruceWillis;DisneyisshootingBlackSheepwithAnthonyHopkins;andFoxhasjustfinishedfilmingFromHellaJacktheRippersagastarringJohnnyDepp.PraguerstakeTinseltownintheirstride.OldladieslookedonlyslightlyconfusedlastmonthwhenthecobbledstreetsofMalaStranaPrague’soldquarterwereclearedofrealsnowandsprayedwithamorecinematicallypleasingchemicalalternativeforUniversal’sBourneIdentitya$50mthrillerstarringMattDamon.Thefilm’sproducerPatCrowleyreckonsadayfilminginPraguecostshim$100.000against$250000inParis.CzechcrewshesaysareprofessionalEnglish-speakingandnumerous.Theyarealsoabargain—40%cheaperthansimilarcrewsinLondonorLosAngelespointsoutMatthewStillman.theBritishbossofStillkingaPrague-basedproductionfirm.Mr.StillmanfoundedStillkingin1993afterarrivinginPraguewith$500andatypewriter.TodayHollywoodproducerscometothecompanyforcrewscateringlightsandmuchmore.Itclaimstohaveabouthalfofthelocalfilm-productionbusinessandthisyearhopesforrevenuesofover$50m.ThebiggestdrawtoPraguehoweverisBarrandov—oneofthelargestfilmstudiosinEuropewith11sound-stagesonsitephotolabsandtop-notchtechnicians.ItwasfoundedduringCzechoslovakia’spre-warfirstrepublicbyMilosHavelanuncleofthepresentCzechpresidentVaclavHavel.TheNazisexpandeditasaproductioncentreforpropagandaflicks—thesound-stagesarecourtesyofJosephGoebbels.ThencametheCommunistswiththeirownpropagandaandadmittedlyafewimpressivehomegrowndirectorssuchasMilosFormanwhobeganHollywood’smarchtoPraguebyfilmingAmadeusthere.ButitispartlythankstoBarrandovthatPragueremainssomewaybehindLondonasafilmcentre.ThestudiohassufferedfromdoubtfulmanagementandisalreadystretchedtocapacityYoucan’tevengetanofficetheremoansoneproducer.ItspresentowneralocalsteelcompanyiskeentosellbuttalkswithaCanadianinstitutionhavebeenthornynotleastbecausetheCzechgovernmentholdsagoldenshare.ShouldtheCanadiandealfallthroughStillkingsaysitwouldconsiderabidofitsown.PatCrowleyhaschosenPraguetobetheplaceforhisnewfilmjustbecause______.
TheelephantsofThailandusednevertobeshortofworkhaulingtimber.Butmostofthecountry’sforestshavebeencutdownandloggingisnowbannedtosavethefewthatareleft.Thenumberofdomesticatedelephantsleftinthecountryisnowonly2500orso.downfromabout100000acenturyago.ThoughbeingthenationalanimalofThailandearnsanelephantplentyofrespectthisdoesnotputgrassonthetable.ThaielephantsthesedaystaketouristsontreksorperformincircusesandaresometimestobeseenbeggingforbananasonthestreetsofBangkok.Someofthe46elephantslivingattheThaiElephantConservationCentreaformergovernmentloggingcampnearLampanghavefoundanewlifeinmusic.TheThaiElephantOrchestraisthecreationoftwoAmericansRichardLairwhohasworkedwithAsianelephantsfor23yearsandDavidSoldieramusicianandneuroscientistwithatastefortheavant-garde.Theyprovidedsixofthecenter’selephantsaged7to18withavarietyofpercussionandwindinstruments.ThosefamiliarwithThaiinstrumentswillrecognizetheslitdrumsthegongthebowbassthexylophone-likerantsaswellasthethundersheet.Theonlydifferenceisthattheelephantversionsareabitstronger.Theelephantsaregivenacuetostartandthentheyprepare.Theyclearlyhaveastrongsenseofrhythm.Theyflaptheirearstothebeatswishtheirtailsandgenerallyrockbackandforth.Someaddtothemelodywiththeirowntrumpeting.Elephantmood-musiccouldhaveacommercialfutureMr.Soldierbelieves.HehasevenproducedaCDontheMulattalabel—itisavailableatwww.mulatta.org—with13elephanttracks.Itisrealelephantmusichesayswithonlythehumannoisesremovedbysoundengineers.ButisitmusicBobHallidaymusiccriticoftheBangkokPostsaysitis.Hecommendstheelephantsforbeingsocommunicative.Anyonenotknowingthatitwaselephantmusichesayswouldassumethathumanswereplaying.Someoftheelephantsinthebandhavealsotriedtheirhandatpaintingtendingtofavortheabstractovertherepresentationalstyle.Theirbroad-strokeacrylicpaintingslastyearhelpedraisesome$25000atacharityauctionatChristie’sinNewYorkandaLondongalleryhasalsotakensomeoftheirwork.TheseartsalestogetherwithprofitsfromtheCDarehelpingtokeepthecentregoing.AsecondCDisontheway.Itwillbelessclassicalmorepop.ThetwoAmericancreatedtheOrchestrainorderto______.
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 9
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 11
GenoaisontheItalianRivierabutitssteelworkscontainerparksandoilterminalarenottheusualcharmsofamillionaires’playground.Evenso.formanywealthypeopleitwastheplacetobelastweekendtoseetheSaloneNautico’sfabulousdisplayofluxuryboatsandyachts. 47Withsome350000visitorstheeventisashop-windowforItaly’sboatbuilderswholeadthemarketinprovidingthesuper-richwithboatsstretchingbeyond24m79ft.Italy’sboatyardsmakemorethanathirdofallthefloatingpalacesaroundtheworld.Atthisyear’sshowAzimut-BenettiandFerretti-Rivathetwoleadingproducersdisplayedtheirlatestandmostopulentmodels. Italybuildsallkindsofpleasurecraftandtwo-thirdswortheurol.7billion$2.1billionlastyearareexported.48AccordingtoPaoloVitellichairmanoftheItalianboatbuilders’associationthewinningcombinationattheverytopofthemarketisstylefabricsskilledcarpentersfashiontechnologyandinnovation."Wearemastersintheseareas.Thebusinessistailor-madeforItalians."Heisunconcernedbyhighoilpricesandpartsoftheworldsailingintoeconomicdoldrums.Themarketforluxurygoodsseemsimpervioustothese. ThreefactorssaysMrVitelli.havehelpedthemarketgrow.49Boatbuildershaveraisedoutputbyswitchingtomodernproductiontechniques:moremarinashavebeenbuiltwhichmakeslifeeasierforowners;andthenumberofmillionaireswithmoneytosplurgeonpleasurecrafthasrisensharply.Theirpocketshavetobedeep.Azimut-Benetti.whichMrVitellifoundedin1969.offersarangeofcraft.Atthetopofitsfibreglass-hulledAzimutrangeisa35m116ftmotoryachtwhichcostseuro8.5m.Asteel-hulledBenettihowevermightcostfivetimesthat.MrVitelli’sbusinessreportednetprofitsofearo35monsalesofeuro403mlastyearanditisexpandingstrongly.50MeanwhilenewmarketslikeChinaandRussia.areopeningupandproducingtheirowncropofboatingmillionaires. 47
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 13
EventohiscontemporariesRochesterwasalegendaryfigureOneoftheyoungestandmosthandsomecourtiersoftherestoredCharlesⅡ.hewasthefavoriteofakingwhosewitlasciviousnessandseriousintellectualinterestsheshared.HewasbanishedfromcourtseveraltimesbutCharles’spleasureinhisconversationalwaysresultedinhisrecall.Hisauthenticadventuresincludedtheattemptedabductionofanheiresswhomhelatermarriedsmashingaphallic-shapedsundialintheroyalgardensduringadrunkencelebrityandaviolentquarrelwiththewatchatEpsominwhichoneofhiscompanionswaskilled.Quiteapartfromhisreputationasapoet.hewasfetedinthewritingsofhisfriendsnotablyinSirGeorgeEtherege’scomedyTheManofMode.Justbeforehediedin1680.attheageof33.destroyedbyalcoholismandsyphilis.Rochester’slegendtookasurprisingturn.AfteraseriesofconversationswithanAnglicanrationalistdivine.GilbertBurnertheskepticallibertinemadeadeath-bedconversionwhichwascelebratedinthedevotionalliteratureofthesucceedingcentury.Charmingasitis.theRochesterlegendhasalwaysbeenadistractionIthasresultedinmanyapocryphalstoriesanduncertainattributionsanditcanstilldivertattentionfromthepoetry.ItisRochester’sachievementasapoetwhichcommandsourinterestandmakeshimsomethingmorethanaluridlycolorfulperiodfigure.ForallthebrevityofhiscareerRochesterisacrucialfigureinthedevelopmentofEnglishversesatireandfileHoratianepistleastudentofhiselderFrenchcontemporaryBoileau.andanimportantexemplarforlaterpoetsasdifferentasAlexanderPopeandAnneFinchCountessofWinchilsea.CephasGoldsworthy’sTheSatyrgivesusthelegend.AlthoughtherearenofootnotestosourcesthebookshowssomeacquaintancewithmodemRochesterscholarshipanditsrejectionofspuriousversefromhiscanon—butonlyintermittently.AnecdotesconcerningRochesterandhiscronyGeorgeVilliersDukeofBuckingham.areretailedwithoutanyindicationthattheyhaveinfact.beendiscredited;poemsnolongerattributedtoRochesterarecitedasiftheywereauthentic.Mr.Goldsworthyquotesliberallyfromthepoetrybutrepeatedlyreadsitasstraightforwardautobiography.ForexamplewearetoldthatMydearmistresshasaheartisaddressedto.ElizabethBarryanactresswhichisincautiousgiventheuncertaindatingofthissongandindeedofmostofRochester’spoems.Moregenerallywhileofcoursesomeofthesatiresincludereferencestoactualpersonsasoftenasnotin17th-centurylovepoetrytheemotionisgenuinebuttheaddresseeisfictitious.AlesssimplisticwaytorelateRochester’spoetrytohislifewouldbetoreadtheformerasanexploiationofwhatitmeanstoliveaccordingtolibertinevalues.Inhisbestsatiresandevensomeofthelyricshearticulatedananti-rational.nihilisticvisionscarcelyfoundelsewhereinEnglishverse.Suchataskbelongstoacriticalbiography.ThereisnomistakingMr.Goldsworthy’senthusiasmforhissubjectbuthisbookisessentiallybiographyasentertainment.RochesterwasNOT______.
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 15
Inbrand-newofficeswithastill-emptygameroomandenoughspacetotripletheirstaffofnearly30atrioofentrepreneursisleadinganInternetstart-upwithanimprobablemission:toout-GoogleGoogle.ThethreestartedPowersetacompanywhoseaimistodeliverbetteranswersthananyothersearchengine—includingGoogle—bylettinguserstypequestionsinplainEnglish.AndtheyhavemadebelieversofSiliconValleyinvestorswhosefortunesturnonidentifyingthenextbigthing. Powersetishardlyalone.41.AndWikiaIncacompanystartedbyafounderofWikipediaplanstodevelopasearchenginethat.likethepopularWeb-basedencyclopediawouldbebuiltbyacommunityofprogrammersandusers.42.ItalsoshowshowmuchthenewInterneteconomyresemblesaplanetarysystemwhereeverythingandeveryoneorbitsaroundsearchingeneralandaroundGoogleinparticular. SiliconValleyisfilledwithstart-upswhosemainbusinesspropositionistobeboughtbyGoogleorforthatmatterbyYahooorMicrosoft.Countlessotherstart-upsrelyonGoogleastheirprimarydriveroftrafficoronGoogle’spowerfuladvertisingsystemastheirprimarysourceofincome.VirtuallyallnewcompaniescompotewithGoogleforscarceengineeringtalent.43 "Thereiswaytoomuchobsessionwithsearchasifitweretheendoftheworld."saidEstherDysonawell-knowntechnologyinvestorandforecaster."Googleequalsmoneyequalssearchequalssearchadvertising;itallgetscombinedasifthisisthelastgreatbusinessmodel."ItmaynotbethelastgreatbusinessmodelbutGooglehasprovedthatsearchlinkedtoadvertisingisaverylargeandlucrativebusinessandeveryone—includingMs.DysonwhoinvestedasmallsuminPowerset—seemstowantapieceofit. Sincethebeginningof2004venturecapitalistshaveputnearly$350millionintonofewerthan79start-upsthathadsomethingtodowithInternetsearchaccordingtotheNationalVentureCapitalAssociationanindustrygroup. 44SinceGoogle’sstatedmissionistoorganizealloftheworld’sinformationtheymaystillfindthemselvesinthesearchgiant’scrosshairs.ThatisnotnecessarilybadasbeingacquiredbyGooglecouldbeafinancialbonanzaforsomeoftheseentrepreneursandinvestors. 45.Powersetrecentlyreceived$12.5millioninfinancing.HakiawhichlikePowersetistryingtocreatea"naturallanguage"searchenginegot$16million.Another$16millionwenttoSnapwhichhasfocusedonpresentingsearchresultsinamorecompellingwayandisexperimentingwithanewadvertisingmodel.AndChaCha.whichusespaidresearchersthatactasvirtualreferencelibrarianstoprovideanswerstousers’queries.got$6.1million. Stillrecenthistorysuggeststhatgainingtractionisgoingtobedifficult.Ofdozensofsearchstart-upsthatwereintroducedinrecentyearsnonehadmorethana1percentshareoftheUnitedStatessearchmarketinNovember.accordingtoNielsenNetRatingsaresearchfirmthatmeasuresInternettraffic. [A]Powersetcouldpossiblystealaleadifitimprovessearchresultsbyasignificantmeasurewithnaturallanguageandsimultaneouslyincorporatesanear-equivalenttoGoogle’sexistingcapabilities. [B]EvenasGooglecontinuestooutmaneuveritsmainsearchrivalsYahooandMicrosoftplentyofnewcomers—withnameslikehakiaChaChaandSnap--aretryingtobeatthecompanyatitsowngame. [C]TheseambitiousquestsreflecttherenewedoptimismsweepingtechnologycenterslikeSiliconValleyandfuelinganascentInternetboom. [D]ButinthecurrentboomthereismoneyevenforthosewiththeaudaciousgoalofbecomingabetterGooSe. [E]AnddiviningGoogle’snextmovehasbecomeafixationforscoresoftechnologyblogsandafavoriteparlorgameamongtechnologyinvestors. [F]AnoverwhelmingmajorityarenottryingtotakeGoogleheadonbutratherarefocusingonspecializedslicesofthesearchworldlikesearchingforvideosblogpostingsormedicalinformation. [G]TheventurecapitalistsmadetheinvestmentbasedonanassumptionthatPowersetwouldcompletethelicensingdeal 45
EventohiscontemporariesRochesterwasalegendaryfigureOneoftheyoungestandmosthandsomecourtiersoftherestoredCharlesⅡ.hewasthefavoriteofakingwhosewitlasciviousnessandseriousintellectualinterestsheshared.HewasbanishedfromcourtseveraltimesbutCharles’spleasureinhisconversationalwaysresultedinhisrecall.Hisauthenticadventuresincludedtheattemptedabductionofanheiresswhomhelatermarriedsmashingaphallic-shapedsundialintheroyalgardensduringadrunkencelebrityandaviolentquarrelwiththewatchatEpsominwhichoneofhiscompanionswaskilled.Quiteapartfromhisreputationasapoet.hewasfetedinthewritingsofhisfriendsnotablyinSirGeorgeEtherege’scomedyTheManofMode.Justbeforehediedin1680.attheageof33.destroyedbyalcoholismandsyphilis.Rochester’slegendtookasurprisingturn.AfteraseriesofconversationswithanAnglicanrationalistdivine.GilbertBurnertheskepticallibertinemadeadeath-bedconversionwhichwascelebratedinthedevotionalliteratureofthesucceedingcentury.Charmingasitis.theRochesterlegendhasalwaysbeenadistractionIthasresultedinmanyapocryphalstoriesanduncertainattributionsanditcanstilldivertattentionfromthepoetry.ItisRochester’sachievementasapoetwhichcommandsourinterestandmakeshimsomethingmorethanaluridlycolorfulperiodfigure.ForallthebrevityofhiscareerRochesterisacrucialfigureinthedevelopmentofEnglishversesatireandfileHoratianepistleastudentofhiselderFrenchcontemporaryBoileau.andanimportantexemplarforlaterpoetsasdifferentasAlexanderPopeandAnneFinchCountessofWinchilsea.CephasGoldsworthy’sTheSatyrgivesusthelegend.AlthoughtherearenofootnotestosourcesthebookshowssomeacquaintancewithmodemRochesterscholarshipanditsrejectionofspuriousversefromhiscanon—butonlyintermittently.AnecdotesconcerningRochesterandhiscronyGeorgeVilliersDukeofBuckingham.areretailedwithoutanyindicationthattheyhaveinfact.beendiscredited;poemsnolongerattributedtoRochesterarecitedasiftheywereauthentic.Mr.Goldsworthyquotesliberallyfromthepoetrybutrepeatedlyreadsitasstraightforwardautobiography.ForexamplewearetoldthatMydearmistresshasaheartisaddressedto.ElizabethBarryanactresswhichisincautiousgiventheuncertaindatingofthissongandindeedofmostofRochester’spoems.Moregenerallywhileofcoursesomeofthesatiresincludereferencestoactualpersonsasoftenasnotin17th-centurylovepoetrytheemotionisgenuinebuttheaddresseeisfictitious.AlesssimplisticwaytorelateRochester’spoetrytohislifewouldbetoreadtheformerasanexploiationofwhatitmeanstoliveaccordingtolibertinevalues.Inhisbestsatiresandevensomeofthelyricshearticulatedananti-rational.nihilisticvisionscarcelyfoundelsewhereinEnglishverse.Suchataskbelongstoacriticalbiography.ThereisnomistakingMr.Goldsworthy’senthusiasmforhissubjectbuthisbookisessentiallybiographyasentertainment.RochesterwasNOT______.
TheelephantsofThailandusednevertobeshortofworkhaulingtimber.Butmostofthecountry’sforestshavebeencutdownandloggingisnowbannedtosavethefewthatareleft.Thenumberofdomesticatedelephantsleftinthecountryisnowonly2500orso.downfromabout100000acenturyago.ThoughbeingthenationalanimalofThailandearnsanelephantplentyofrespectthisdoesnotputgrassonthetable.ThaielephantsthesedaystaketouristsontreksorperformincircusesandaresometimestobeseenbeggingforbananasonthestreetsofBangkok.Someofthe46elephantslivingattheThaiElephantConservationCentreaformergovernmentloggingcampnearLampanghavefoundanewlifeinmusic.TheThaiElephantOrchestraisthecreationoftwoAmericansRichardLairwhohasworkedwithAsianelephantsfor23yearsandDavidSoldieramusicianandneuroscientistwithatastefortheavant-garde.Theyprovidedsixofthecenter’selephantsaged7to18withavarietyofpercussionandwindinstruments.ThosefamiliarwithThaiinstrumentswillrecognizetheslitdrumsthegongthebowbassthexylophone-likerantsaswellasthethundersheet.Theonlydifferenceisthattheelephantversionsareabitstronger.Theelephantsaregivenacuetostartandthentheyprepare.Theyclearlyhaveastrongsenseofrhythm.Theyflaptheirearstothebeatswishtheirtailsandgenerallyrockbackandforth.Someaddtothemelodywiththeirowntrumpeting.Elephantmood-musiccouldhaveacommercialfutureMr.Soldierbelieves.HehasevenproducedaCDontheMulattalabel—itisavailableatwww.mulatta.org—with13elephanttracks.Itisrealelephantmusichesayswithonlythehumannoisesremovedbysoundengineers.ButisitmusicBobHallidaymusiccriticoftheBangkokPostsaysitis.Hecommendstheelephantsforbeingsocommunicative.Anyonenotknowingthatitwaselephantmusichesayswouldassumethathumanswereplaying.Someoftheelephantsinthebandhavealsotriedtheirhandatpaintingtendingtofavortheabstractovertherepresentationalstyle.Theirbroad-strokeacrylicpaintingslastyearhelpedraisesome$25000atacharityauctionatChristie’sinNewYorkandaLondongalleryhasalsotakensomeoftheirwork.TheseartsalestogetherwithprofitsfromtheCDarehelpingtokeepthecentregoing.AsecondCDisontheway.Itwillbelessclassicalmorepop.TheelephantsofThailandnowareshortoftheworktheyusedtodobecause______.
Theevolutionaryprocessculminatinginmanwasfinallycompletedabout35000yearsagowiththeappearanceofHomoSapiensor"thinkingman."1inbroadestperspectivethisrepresentsthesecondmajorturning2inthecourseof3onthisplanet.Thefirstoccurredwhenlife4outofinorganicmatter.Afterthatmomentous5alllivingformsevolvedbyadapting6theirenvironmentaswasevidentduringtheclimateturmoilofthePleistocene.Butwiththe7ofmantheevolutionaryprocesswas8.Nolongerdidgenesadapttoenvironment.Insteadmanadaptedbychangingtheenvironmentto9hisgenes.Todayathird10turningpointappears11asman’sgrowingknowledgeofthestructureandfunctionofgenesmaysoonenablehimto12hisgenesaswellashisenvironment. Manandonlymanhasbeenabletocreateamade-to-orderenvironmentorcultureasitiscalled.Thereasonis13onlymancansymbolizeor14thingsandconceptsdivorcedfromhere-and-nowreality.Onlyhelaughsandonlyheknowsthathewilldie.Onlyhehaswondered15theuniverseanditsoriginsabouthisplaceinitandinthehereafter. Withtheseuniqueandrevolutionizingabilitiesmanhasbeenableto16withhisenvironmentwithoutalteration.HiscultureinthenewnobiologicalwayofhavingfurintheArcticwaterstorageinthedesertandfinsinthewater.Moreconcretelyculture17toolsclothingornamentsinstitutionslanguageartformsandreligiousbeliefsand18.Allthesehaveservedtoadaptmantohisphysicalenvironmentandtohisfellowman.Indeedstoryofmanissimplythestoryofa19ofculturesthathehascreatedformhisPaleolithic20tothepresentday. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.10points3
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 7
Stopworryingaboutrecession.ThatisthemessagefromAmerica’sR-wordindex.Foreachquarterwe1howmanystonesintheNewYorkTimesandtheWashingtonPostincludetheword"recession".2bellswereset3bythesharpjumpinthe"R-count"inthefirstquarterofthisyear.ataratethatinthepasthas4thestartofarecession.Inthesecondquarter.5.thenumberofarticles6bymorethanone-third.Aconspiracytheoristmightsuggestthatnewspapereditors7aboutdwindlingadvertisingrevenueshave8theR-word. TheEconomisthasfoundthat9thepasttwodecadestheR-wordindexhasbeengoodat10mining-pointsintheAmericaneconomy.11GDPfigureswhichappear12afteralagthenumbersareinstantlyavailable.ButhowdoestheindexperforminGermany13therehavealsobeen14fearsofrecessionUsingourideaHypoVereinsbankhas15anR-wordindexforGermanycountingthenumberoftimesthewordrecession16inHandelsblatt. WorryinglyGermany’sR-countforthefirstquarterof2001showedthesecond-steepest17inthepasttwodecades.Butinthesecondquartertheindexdroppedbyone-third18inAmerica19theworldeconomyhasnothingtoworryaboutorjournalistsaremorewordedabouta20thanamererecession.AD-wordindex 17
Directions: TheStudents’UnionofyourdepartmentisplanninganEnglishEvening.Youareaskedtoinviteoneofyourforeignteacherstojoinit.Writealettertohimwhichshouldcoverthefollowingpoints:1expressthepurposeofwritingthisletter;2statethetimeandplaceoftheEnglishEvening;3askhimtoprepareaperformance;4expressyoursincereappreciation.
Theevolutionaryprocessculminatinginmanwasfinallycompletedabout35000yearsagowiththeappearanceofHomoSapiensor"thinkingman."1inbroadestperspectivethisrepresentsthesecondmajorturning2inthecourseof3onthisplanet.Thefirstoccurredwhenlife4outofinorganicmatter.Afterthatmomentous5alllivingformsevolvedbyadapting6theirenvironmentaswasevidentduringtheclimateturmoilofthePleistocene.Butwiththe7ofmantheevolutionaryprocesswas8.Nolongerdidgenesadapttoenvironment.Insteadmanadaptedbychangingtheenvironmentto9hisgenes.Todayathird10turningpointappears11asman’sgrowingknowledgeofthestructureandfunctionofgenesmaysoonenablehimto12hisgenesaswellashisenvironment. Manandonlymanhasbeenabletocreateamade-to-orderenvironmentorcultureasitiscalled.Thereasonis13onlymancansymbolizeor14thingsandconceptsdivorcedfromhere-and-nowreality.Onlyhelaughsandonlyheknowsthathewilldie.Onlyhehaswondered15theuniverseanditsoriginsabouthisplaceinitandinthehereafter. Withtheseuniqueandrevolutionizingabilitiesmanhasbeenableto16withhisenvironmentwithoutalteration.HiscultureinthenewnobiologicalwayofhavingfurintheArcticwaterstorageinthedesertandfinsinthewater.Moreconcretelyculture17toolsclothingornamentsinstitutionslanguageartformsandreligiousbeliefsand18.Allthesehaveservedtoadaptmantohisphysicalenvironmentandtohisfellowman.Indeedstoryofmanissimplythestoryofa19ofculturesthathehascreatedformhisPaleolithic20tothepresentday. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.10points1
Theevolutionaryprocessculminatinginmanwasfinallycompletedabout35000yearsagowiththeappearanceofHomoSapiensor"thinkingman."1inbroadestperspectivethisrepresentsthesecondmajorturning2inthecourseof3onthisplanet.Thefirstoccurredwhenlife4outofinorganicmatter.Afterthatmomentous5alllivingformsevolvedbyadapting6theirenvironmentaswasevidentduringtheclimateturmoilofthePleistocene.Butwiththe7ofmantheevolutionaryprocesswas8.Nolongerdidgenesadapttoenvironment.Insteadmanadaptedbychangingtheenvironmentto9hisgenes.Todayathird10turningpointappears11asman’sgrowingknowledgeofthestructureandfunctionofgenesmaysoonenablehimto12hisgenesaswellashisenvironment. Manandonlymanhasbeenabletocreateamade-to-orderenvironmentorcultureasitiscalled.Thereasonis13onlymancansymbolizeor14thingsandconceptsdivorcedfromhere-and-nowreality.Onlyhelaughsandonlyheknowsthathewilldie.Onlyhehaswondered15theuniverseanditsoriginsabouthisplaceinitandinthehereafter. Withtheseuniqueandrevolutionizingabilitiesmanhasbeenableto16withhisenvironmentwithoutalteration.HiscultureinthenewnobiologicalwayofhavingfurintheArcticwaterstorageinthedesertandfinsinthewater.Moreconcretelyculture17toolsclothingornamentsinstitutionslanguageartformsandreligiousbeliefsand18.Allthesehaveservedtoadaptmantohisphysicalenvironmentandtohisfellowman.Indeedstoryofmanissimplythestoryofa19ofculturesthathehascreatedformhisPaleolithic20tothepresentday. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.10points5
Theevolutionaryprocessculminatinginmanwasfinallycompletedabout35000yearsagowiththeappearanceofHomoSapiensor"thinkingman."1inbroadestperspectivethisrepresentsthesecondmajorturning2inthecourseof3onthisplanet.Thefirstoccurredwhenlife4outofinorganicmatter.Afterthatmomentous5alllivingformsevolvedbyadapting6theirenvironmentaswasevidentduringtheclimateturmoilofthePleistocene.Butwiththe7ofmantheevolutionaryprocesswas8.Nolongerdidgenesadapttoenvironment.Insteadmanadaptedbychangingtheenvironmentto9hisgenes.Todayathird10turningpointappears11asman’sgrowingknowledgeofthestructureandfunctionofgenesmaysoonenablehimto12hisgenesaswellashisenvironment. Manandonlymanhasbeenabletocreateamade-to-orderenvironmentorcultureasitiscalled.Thereasonis13onlymancansymbolizeor14thingsandconceptsdivorcedfromhere-and-nowreality.Onlyhelaughsandonlyheknowsthathewilldie.Onlyhehaswondered15theuniverseanditsoriginsabouthisplaceinitandinthehereafter. Withtheseuniqueandrevolutionizingabilitiesmanhasbeenableto16withhisenvironmentwithoutalteration.HiscultureinthenewnobiologicalwayofhavingfurintheArcticwaterstorageinthedesertandfinsinthewater.Moreconcretelyculture17toolsclothingornamentsinstitutionslanguageartformsandreligiousbeliefsand18.Allthesehaveservedtoadaptmantohisphysicalenvironmentandtohisfellowman.Indeedstoryofmanissimplythestoryofa19ofculturesthathehascreatedformhisPaleolithic20tothepresentday. Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordsforeachnumberedblankandmarkABCandDonANSWERSHEET1.10points7
EventohiscontemporariesRochesterwasalegendaryfigureOneoftheyoungestandmosthandsomecourtiersoftherestoredCharlesⅡ.hewasthefavoriteofakingwhosewitlasciviousnessandseriousintellectualinterestsheshared.HewasbanishedfromcourtseveraltimesbutCharles’spleasureinhisconversationalwaysresultedinhisrecall.Hisauthenticadventuresincludedtheattemptedabductionofanheiresswhomhelatermarriedsmashingaphallic-shapedsundialintheroyalgardensduringadrunkencelebrityandaviolentquarrelwiththewatchatEpsominwhichoneofhiscompanionswaskilled.Quiteapartfromhisreputationasapoet.hewasfetedinthewritingsofhisfriendsnotablyinSirGeorgeEtherege’scomedyTheManofMode.Justbeforehediedin1680.attheageof33.destroyedbyalcoholismandsyphilis.Rochester’slegendtookasurprisingturn.AfteraseriesofconversationswithanAnglicanrationalistdivine.GilbertBurnertheskepticallibertinemadeadeath-bedconversionwhichwascelebratedinthedevotionalliteratureofthesucceedingcentury.Charmingasitis.theRochesterlegendhasalwaysbeenadistractionIthasresultedinmanyapocryphalstoriesanduncertainattributionsanditcanstilldivertattentionfromthepoetry.ItisRochester’sachievementasapoetwhichcommandsourinterestandmakeshimsomethingmorethanaluridlycolorfulperiodfigure.ForallthebrevityofhiscareerRochesterisacrucialfigureinthedevelopmentofEnglishversesatireandfileHoratianepistleastudentofhiselderFrenchcontemporaryBoileau.andanimportantexemplarforlaterpoetsasdifferentasAlexanderPopeandAnneFinchCountessofWinchilsea.CephasGoldsworthy’sTheSatyrgivesusthelegend.AlthoughtherearenofootnotestosourcesthebookshowssomeacquaintancewithmodemRochesterscholarshipanditsrejectionofspuriousversefromhiscanon—butonlyintermittently.AnecdotesconcerningRochesterandhiscronyGeorgeVilliersDukeofBuckingham.areretailedwithoutanyindicationthattheyhaveinfact.beendiscredited;poemsnolongerattributedtoRochesterarecitedasiftheywereauthentic.Mr.Goldsworthyquotesliberallyfromthepoetrybutrepeatedlyreadsitasstraightforwardautobiography.ForexamplewearetoldthatMydearmistresshasaheartisaddressedto.ElizabethBarryanactresswhichisincautiousgiventheuncertaindatingofthissongandindeedofmostofRochester’spoems.Moregenerallywhileofcoursesomeofthesatiresincludereferencestoactualpersonsasoftenasnotin17th-centurylovepoetrytheemotionisgenuinebuttheaddresseeisfictitious.AlesssimplisticwaytorelateRochester’spoetrytohislifewouldbetoreadtheformerasanexploiationofwhatitmeanstoliveaccordingtolibertinevalues.Inhisbestsatiresandevensomeofthelyricshearticulatedananti-rational.nihilisticvisionscarcelyfoundelsewhereinEnglishverse.Suchataskbelongstoacriticalbiography.ThereisnomistakingMr.Goldsworthy’senthusiasmforhissubjectbuthisbookisessentiallybiographyasentertainment.ThewordnihilisticLine3Par
WomenaccordingtoChairmanMaoholduphalfthesky—butinCaliforniasomearebetterrewardedforthiseffortthanothers.AccordingtoanewstudyfromthePublicPolicyInstituteofCaliforniaAsianwomenbornintheUnitedStatesoutstripalltheirsistersintermsofearningpower.TheaveragehourlywageforAmerican-bornAsianladiesin2001thelatestyearwithreliablefigureswas$19.30withAmerican-bornwhitescomingnext.OnthebottomrungsoftheladdercameLatinas:ifbornabroadtheyearnedamere$10.40anhourthoughthiswascomfortablyaboveCalifornia’sthen$6.25minimumwage;ifborninAmericatheymanaged$15.10anhour.Educationisthebiggestreasonfortheethnicdisparities.Some55%ofCalifornia’sAmerican-bornAsianwomenhaveatleastabachelor’sdegreeandanimpressive84%ofthemeitherhavejobsorarelookingforthem.Bycontrastonly14%ofAmerican-bornHispanicwomenhaveabachelor’sdegreeandonly74%ofthemareinthelabourmarket.MeanwhileLatinasbornabroadareoftencondemnedtolow-payingjobsbyaneveninefficienteducationorapoorknowledgeofEnglish.MuchthesamecanbesaidofAsianwomenborninSouth-EastAsiaacategorythatincludesrefugeesfromLaosVietnamandCambodia.Theinstitutecalculatesthattheyearnedanaverageof$15.80almost$1lessthanotherforeign-bornAsians.ButeducationisnottheonlyfactorinplayforCalifornia’swomen.LargerfamiliesmakeitmoredifficultforLatinastogoouttoworkinthefirstplace;blacksoftenlivetoofarawaytocommutetowell-paidjobs;andjustasAsiansmaybenefitfromhighexpectationssoothergroupsmaysufferfromlowones.Theinstitutemakesanattemptheroicorpoliticallycorrecttoadjustforsuchfactorsimaginingforexamplethataforeign-bornLatinahasthesamefamilystructureeducationandplaceofresidenceastheaverageCalifornianwoman.Thatbringstheaveragewageforforeign-bornLatinasuptoamorerespectable$15.20;yetAmerican-bornAsiansstillruletheroost.ButbeforethegoldengirlsgettoohappytheinstitutereckonsthatCalifornianwomenofallsortstendtoearnroughly20%lessthantheirmenfolkdo.WhichoneisnotthereasonwhyAmerican-bornAsianwomenarepaidbetterthanLatinas
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