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What We Need in Our Diet The primary consideration in achieving a balanced diet is now how much or ...
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TheDietZone:A.DangerousPlaceDietCokedietPepsidietp
—Whatcanwedotoprevent避免beingill?—Weshoulddomoreexe
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1.Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhornmetalknivesandmorerecentlyrubberandplastic.Andthatwaswherewestuckinsurgicalinstrumenttermsformanyyears.Inthe1960sanewtoolwasdevelopedonewhichwasfirstofalltobeofgreatpracticalusetothearmedforcesandindustrybutwhichwasalsointimetorevolutionizetheartandscienceofsurgery.2.Thetoolisthelaseranditisbeingusedbymoreandmoresurgeonsallovertheworldforaverylargenumberofdifferentcomplaints.Thewordlasermeans:LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionofRadiation.Asweallknowlightishot;anysourceoflight--fromthesunitselfclowntoahumblematchburning--willgivewarmth.Butlightisusuallyspreadoutoverawidearea.Thelightinalaserbeamhoweverisconcentrated.Thismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.3.Experimentswiththesepinpointbeamshaveshownresearchersthatdifferentenergysourcesproducebeamsthathaveaparticulareffectoncertainlivingcells.Itisnowpossibleforeyesurgeonstooperateonthebackofthehumaneyewithoutharmingthefrontoftheeyesimplybypassingalaserbeamrightthroughtheeyeball.Noknivesnostitchesnounwanteddamage--atruesurgicalwonder.4.Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.Somuchmoredifficultoperationscannowbetried.5.Therapiddevelopmentoflasertechniquesinthepasttenyearshasmadeitclearthatthefutureislikelytobeveryexciting.Perhapssomecancerswillbetreatedwithlaserinawaythatmakessurgerynotonlysaferbutmoreeffective.Altogethertomorrowmayseemoreandmoreinformationcomingtolightonthediseaseswhichcanbetreatedmedically.Para4______.
Americansocietyisnotnap午睡friendly.InfactsaysDavidDingesasleepspecialistattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine.There’sevenaprohibitionagainstadmittingweneedsleep.Nobodywantstobecaughtnappingorfoundasleepatwork.Toquoteaproverb:Somesleepfivehoursnaturerequiressevenlazinessnineandwickednesseleven~Wrong.Thewaynottofallasleepatworkistotakenapswhenyouneedthem.wehavetototallychangeourattitudetowardnappingsaysDr.WilliamDementofStanfordUniversitythegodfatherofsleepresearch.LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedanAmericansleepdebtwhichonemembersaidwasaimportantasthenationaldebt.Thecommissionwasconcernedaboutthedangersofsleepinesspeoplecausingindustrialaccidentsoffailingasleepwhiledriving.ThismaybewhywehaveanewsleeppolicyintheWhiterHouse.AccordingtorecentreportspresidentClintonistryingtotakeahalf-hoursnooze打瞌睡everyafternoon.About60percentofAmericanadultsnapwhengiventheopportunity.Weseemtohaveamid-afternoonquietphasealsocalledasecondarysleepgate.Sleeping15minutestotwohoursintheearlyafternooncanreducestressandmakeusrefreshed.Clearlywewereborntonap.WeSuperstarsofsnoozedon’tnaptoreplacelostshuteyeortoprepareforanightshift.Ratherwesnackonsleepwheneverwhereverandatwhatevertimewefeellikeit.Imyselfhavenappedinbusescarsplanesandonboats;onfloorsandbedsandinlibrariesofficesandmuseums.Thepurposeofthisarticleisto______.
Washeverydayandyou’lldieyoungmyson!Peopleoftensaidthosewords;longagoofcourse.Napoleon’swifehadnewclotheseverymonthinsteadofabath.It’squickerShealwayssaid.Richpeopledidnotoftenhaveabath.Theywashedtheirhandsandfacesbutnottheirbodies.Manypoorpeopledidnotwashatall.Ayoungmanoncesaidtoadoctor;Soapandwaterhavenevertouchedmybody.Andthedoctoranswered.That’strue.Iknow...whydidn’tpeoplewashinthosedayslongagoWelltheydidnothavewaterintheirhouse.Theycarriedwaterfromriversorfromholesintheground=wells.Townspeopleboughtitfromawater--carrier.Sometimesitwasexpensive;andsoapwasalwaysexpensive.Theydrankwaterofcourse;andsotheywerecleaninside.Theydidnotthinkabouttheoutside!Andthisistrue;theyjustdidnotlikeabath.Modernlifeisdifferent.Weusealotofsoapandwater.Andweareallquiteclean.Howeverafewpeopleusetoomuchsoap;andtheyoftengetill.WhoarethesepeopleManyyoungwomenworkashairdressers.Theywashandthendressotherwomen’shair.Thatistheirjobandtheylikeit.Younghairdresserssometimeswashdirtyheadsonabusyday!Theirhandsaresoapyforsevenoreighthours;andthatisnotagoodthing.Ayounghairdresser’shandsareoftenredandugly;andshemustthengotodoctor.Peopleinthosedays______.
Smokingisconsidereddangeroustothehealth.Ourtobacco--sellerMr.Johnsonthereforealwaysaskshiscustomersiftheyareveryyoungwhomthecigarettesarebought51.Onedayalittlegirlwhomhehadneverseenbeforewalked52intohisshopanddemandedtwentycigarettes.Shehadthe53amountofmoneyinherhandandseemedverysureofherself.Mr.Johnsonwasso54byherconfidentmannerthathe55toaskhisusualquestion.56heaskedherwhatkindofcigarettesshewanted.Thegirlreplied57andhandedhimthemoney.WhilehewasgivingherthechangeMr.Johnsonsaidlaughinglythat58shewassoyoungsheshould59thepacketinherpocketincaseapolicemansawit.60thelittlegirldidnotseemtofindthisveryfunny.Without61smilingshetookthe62andwalkedtowardsthedoor.Suddenlyshestoppedturned63andlookedsteadilyatMr.Johnson.Therewasamomentofsilenceandthetobacco-seller64whatwasgoingtosay.Allatonceinaclear65voicethegirldeclaredMydadisapolicemanandwiththatshewalkedquicklyoutoftheshop.
Washeverydayandyou’lldieyoungmyson!Peopleoftensaidthosewords;longagoofcourse.Napoleon’swifehadnewclotheseverymonthinsteadofabath.It’squickerShealwayssaid.Richpeopledidnotoftenhaveabath.Theywashedtheirhandsandfacesbutnottheirbodies.Manypoorpeopledidnotwashatall.Ayoungmanoncesaidtoadoctor;Soapandwaterhavenevertouchedmybody.Andthedoctoranswered.That’strue.Iknow...whydidn’tpeoplewashinthosedayslongagoWelltheydidnothavewaterintheirhouse.Theycarriedwaterfromriversorfromholesintheground=wells.Townspeopleboughtitfromawater--carrier.Sometimesitwasexpensive;andsoapwasalwaysexpensive.Theydrankwaterofcourse;andsotheywerecleaninside.Theydidnotthinkabouttheoutside!Andthisistrue;theyjustdidnotlikeabath.Modernlifeisdifferent.Weusealotofsoapandwater.Andweareallquiteclean.Howeverafewpeopleusetoomuchsoap;andtheyoftengetill.WhoarethesepeopleManyyoungwomenworkashairdressers.Theywashandthendressotherwomen’shair.Thatistheirjobandtheylikeit.Younghairdresserssometimeswashdirtyheadsonabusyday!Theirhandsaresoapyforsevenoreighthours;andthatisnotagoodthing.Ayounghairdresser’shandsareoftenredandugly;andshemustthengotodoctor.Thedoctoransweredthat______.
Heseemedreluctanttohelpus.
lackingacareforAIDSsocietymustoffereducationnotonlybypublicpronouncementbutinclassrooms.ThosewithAIDSorthoseathighriskofAIDSsufferprejudicetheyarefearedbysomepeoplewhofindlivingitselfunsafewhileothersconductthemselveswithabravado冒险心理thatcouldbefatal.AIDShasafflictedasocietyalreadyshortonhumbanismopen--handednessandoptimism.Attemptstostrikeitoutwiththeoffendingmicrobearenotabetted教唆bypre--existingsocialills.Suchconcernsimpelledmetoofferthefirstuniversity--levelundergraduateAIDScoursewithitstwoimportantaims:ToaddressthefactthatAIDSiscausedbyavirusnotbymoralfailureorsocialcollapse.TheproperresponsetoAIDSiscompassioncoupledwithanunderstandingofthediseaseitself.Wewantedtofosterhelpthegrowthoftheideaofahumanesociety.TodescribehowAIDSteststheinstitutionsuponwhichoursocietyrests.TheeconomythepoliticalsystemsciencethelegalEstablishmentthemediaandourmoralethical--philosophicalattitudesmustrespondtothedisease.ThoseresponseswhisperedorshriekedeasilyacceptedorhighlycontroversialmustbeputinorderifthenationistomanageAIDS.ScholarshavesuggestedthathowasocietydealswiththethreatofAIDSdescribestheextenttowhichthatsocietyhastherighttocallitselfcivilized.AIDStheniswovenintothetapestry挂毯ofmodernsociety;inthecourseofexplainingthattapestryateacherrealizesthatAIDSmaybringaboutchangesofhistoricproportions.DemocracyobligesitseducationalsystemtopreparestudentstobecomeinformedcitizenstojointheirvoicestothepublicdebateinspriedbyAIDS.WhoshalldirectjustwhatresourcesofmanpowerandmoneytotheproblemofAIDSEvenmorebasicwhoshallformulateanationalpolicyonAIDSTheeducationalchallengethenistoenlighten启发theindividualandthesocialorpublicresponsestoAIDS.WhichofthefollowingcanbestexplainAIDSteststheinstitutionsuponwhichoursocietyrestsaccordingtothepassage
Amongallcancerslungcanceristhebiggestkiller:morethan100000Americansdieofthediseaseeachyear.GivingupsmokingisonewaytoreducetheriskbutanotheranswermaylieinthekitchenaccordingtoareportinBritishmedicaljournalTheLancet.Since1957ateamofresearchershasmonitoredthedietaryhabitsandmedicalhistoriesof2000middle-agedmenemployedbytheWesternElectricCo.inChicago.LedbyDr.PritichardShekelleofChicago’sRush--Presbyterian--St.Luke’smedicalCentretheteamrecentlybegantosortoutthelinksbetweenthesubjects’dietarypatternsandcancer.OtheranimalandhumanstudieshassuggestedthatvitaminAmightoffersomeprotectionagainstlungcancerbutdidnotdistinguishvitaminAmadeinthebodyfromthatincarotene胡萝卜素whichisabundantinavarietyofvegetablesandfruitsincludingcarrotsspinachbroccolisquashtomatoesandapples.TheWesternElectricstudyshowedlittlecorrelation相互关系betweentheincidenceoflungcancerandtheconsumptionoffoodscontainingperformedvitaminA.Butthedataoncaroteneintake摄入revealedasignificantrelationship.Amongthe488menwhohadthelowestcaroteneconsumptiontherewere14casesoflungcancer;inagroupofthesamesizethatatethemostcaroteneonlytwoeasesdeveloped.Theapparentprotectiveeffectofcaroteneheldupevenforlong-timesmokers.Furtherstudieswillbenecessarybeforethelinkbetweenlungcancerandcarotenecanbefirmlyestablished.Meanwhileresearcherswarnagainsttakinglargeamountsofvitamin-Asupplementswhichcanbeextremelypoisonousinhighdoses.Insteadtheyadviseawell-balanceddietthatincludesfoodsrichincarotene.Thereisanapparentlinkbetweenlungcancerandvitamin
Americansocietyisnotnap午睡friendly.InfactsaysDavidDingesasleepspecialistattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine.There’sevenaprohibitionagainstadmittingweneedsleep.Nobodywantstobecaughtnappingorfoundasleepatwork.Toquoteaproverb:Somesleepfivehoursnaturerequiressevenlazinessnineandwickednesseleven~Wrong.Thewaynottofallasleepatworkistotakenapswhenyouneedthem.wehavetototallychangeourattitudetowardnappingsaysDr.WilliamDementofStanfordUniversitythegodfatherofsleepresearch.LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedanAmericansleepdebtwhichonemembersaidwasaimportantasthenationaldebt.Thecommissionwasconcernedaboutthedangersofsleepinesspeoplecausingindustrialaccidentsoffailingasleepwhiledriving.ThismaybewhywehaveanewsleeppolicyintheWhiterHouse.AccordingtorecentreportspresidentClintonistryingtotakeahalf-hoursnooze打瞌睡everyafternoon.About60percentofAmericanadultsnapwhengiventheopportunity.Weseemtohaveamid-afternoonquietphasealsocalledasecondarysleepgate.Sleeping15minutestotwohoursintheearlyafternooncanreducestressandmakeusrefreshed.Clearlywewereborntonap.WeSuperstarsofsnoozedon’tnaptoreplacelostshuteyeortoprepareforanightshift.Ratherwesnackonsleepwheneverwhereverandatwhatevertimewefeellikeit.Imyselfhavenappedinbusescarsplanesandonboats;onfloorsandbedsandinlibrariesofficesandmuseums.Thesecondsentenceofthelastparagraphtellsusthatitis______.
Amongallcancerslungcanceristhebiggestkiller:morethan100000Americansdieofthediseaseeachyear.GivingupsmokingisonewaytoreducetheriskbutanotheranswermaylieinthekitchenaccordingtoareportinBritishmedicaljournalTheLancet.Since1957ateamofresearchershasmonitoredthedietaryhabitsandmedicalhistoriesof2000middle-agedmenemployedbytheWesternElectricCo.inChicago.LedbyDr.PritichardShekelleofChicago’sRush--Presbyterian--St.Luke’smedicalCentretheteamrecentlybegantosortoutthelinksbetweenthesubjects’dietarypatternsandcancer.OtheranimalandhumanstudieshassuggestedthatvitaminAmightoffersomeprotectionagainstlungcancerbutdidnotdistinguishvitaminAmadeinthebodyfromthatincarotene胡萝卜素whichisabundantinavarietyofvegetablesandfruitsincludingcarrotsspinachbroccolisquashtomatoesandapples.TheWesternElectricstudyshowedlittlecorrelation相互关系betweentheincidenceoflungcancerandtheconsumptionoffoodscontainingperformedvitaminA.Butthedataoncaroteneintake摄入revealedasignificantrelationship.Amongthe488menwhohadthelowestcaroteneconsumptiontherewere14casesoflungcancer;inagroupofthesamesizethatatethemostcaroteneonlytwoeasesdeveloped.Theapparentprotectiveeffectofcaroteneheldupevenforlong-timesmokers.Furtherstudieswillbenecessarybeforethelinkbetweenlungcancerandcarotenecanbefirmlyestablished.Meanwhileresearcherswarnagainsttakinglargeamountsofvitamin-Asupplementswhichcanbeextremelypoisonousinhighdoses.Insteadtheyadviseawell-balanceddietthatincludesfoodsrichincarotene.VitaminBisessentialforhumanbody.
TheAfricanhadapassiontokeephisAfricanoriginalive.
Smokingisconsidereddangeroustothehealth.Ourtobacco--sellerMr.Johnsonthereforealwaysaskshiscustomersiftheyareveryyoungwhomthecigarettesarebought51.Onedayalittlegirlwhomhehadneverseenbeforewalked52intohisshopanddemandedtwentycigarettes.Shehadthe53amountofmoneyinherhandandseemedverysureofherself.Mr.Johnsonwasso54byherconfidentmannerthathe55toaskhisusualquestion.56heaskedherwhatkindofcigarettesshewanted.Thegirlreplied57andhandedhimthemoney.WhilehewasgivingherthechangeMr.Johnsonsaidlaughinglythat58shewassoyoungsheshould59thepacketinherpocketincaseapolicemansawit.60thelittlegirldidnotseemtofindthisveryfunny.Without61smilingshetookthe62andwalkedtowardsthedoor.Suddenlyshestoppedturned63andlookedsteadilyatMr.Johnson.Therewasamomentofsilenceandthetobacco-seller64whatwasgoingtosay.Allatonceinaclear65voicethegirldeclaredMydadisapolicemanandwiththatshewalkedquicklyoutoftheshop.
Accordingtothelatestreportthetalkshavecollapsed.
Policeofficersworkingonthemurderhavequestionedhundredsoffamilies.
1.Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhornmetalknivesandmorerecentlyrubberandplastic.Andthatwaswherewestuckinsurgicalinstrumenttermsformanyyears.Inthe1960sanewtoolwasdevelopedonewhichwasfirstofalltobeofgreatpracticalusetothearmedforcesandindustrybutwhichwasalsointimetorevolutionizetheartandscienceofsurgery.2.Thetoolisthelaseranditisbeingusedbymoreandmoresurgeonsallovertheworldforaverylargenumberofdifferentcomplaints.Thewordlasermeans:LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionofRadiation.Asweallknowlightishot;anysourceoflight--fromthesunitselfclowntoahumblematchburning--willgivewarmth.Butlightisusuallyspreadoutoverawidearea.Thelightinalaserbeamhoweverisconcentrated.Thismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.3.Experimentswiththesepinpointbeamshaveshownresearchersthatdifferentenergysourcesproducebeamsthathaveaparticulareffectoncertainlivingcells.Itisnowpossibleforeyesurgeonstooperateonthebackofthehumaneyewithoutharmingthefrontoftheeyesimplybypassingalaserbeamrightthroughtheeyeball.Noknivesnostitchesnounwanteddamage--atruesurgicalwonder.4.Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.Somuchmoredifficultoperationscannowbetried.5.Therapiddevelopmentoflasertechniquesinthepasttenyearshasmadeitclearthatthefutureislikelytobeveryexciting.Perhapssomecancerswillbetreatedwithlaserinawaythatmakessurgerynotonlysaferbutmoreeffective.Altogethertomorrowmayseemoreandmoreinformationcomingtolightonthediseaseswhichcanbetreatedmedically.Para1______.
1.Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhornmetalknivesandmorerecentlyrubberandplastic.Andthatwaswherewestuckinsurgicalinstrumenttermsformanyyears.Inthe1960sanewtoolwasdevelopedonewhichwasfirstofalltobeofgreatpracticalusetothearmedforcesandindustrybutwhichwasalsointimetorevolutionizetheartandscienceofsurgery.2.Thetoolisthelaseranditisbeingusedbymoreandmoresurgeonsallovertheworldforaverylargenumberofdifferentcomplaints.Thewordlasermeans:LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionofRadiation.Asweallknowlightishot;anysourceoflight--fromthesunitselfclowntoahumblematchburning--willgivewarmth.Butlightisusuallyspreadoutoverawidearea.Thelightinalaserbeamhoweverisconcentrated.Thismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.3.Experimentswiththesepinpointbeamshaveshownresearchersthatdifferentenergysourcesproducebeamsthathaveaparticulareffectoncertainlivingcells.Itisnowpossibleforeyesurgeonstooperateonthebackofthehumaneyewithoutharmingthefrontoftheeyesimplybypassingalaserbeamrightthroughtheeyeball.Noknivesnostitchesnounwanteddamage--atruesurgicalwonder.4.Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.Somuchmoredifficultoperationscannowbetried.5.Therapiddevelopmentoflasertechniquesinthepasttenyearshasmadeitclearthatthefutureislikelytobeveryexciting.Perhapssomecancerswillbetreatedwithlaserinawaythatmakessurgerynotonlysaferbutmoreeffective.Altogethertomorrowmayseemoreandmoreinformationcomingtolightonthediseaseswhichcanbetreatedmedically.______meanslightamplificationbystimulatedemissionofradiation.
Faceslikefingerprintsareunique.DidyoueverwonderhowitispossibleforustorecognizepeopleEvenaskilledwriterprobablycouldnotdescribeallthefeaturesthatmakeonefacedifferentfromanother.Yetaveryyoungchildorevenananimalsuchasapigeon--canlearntorecognizefaces.46.Wealsotellpeopleapartbyhowtheybehave.Whenwetalkaboutsomeone’spersonalitywemeanthewaysinwhichheorsheactsspeaksthinksandfeelsthatindividualdifferentfromothers.47.Butdescribingsomeone’spersonalityinwordsissomewhateasierthandescribinghisface.Ifyouwereaskedtodescribeanicefacelookedlikeyouprobablywouldhaveadifficulttimedoingso.Butifyouwereaskedtodescribeanicepersonyoumightbegintothinkaboutsomeonewhowaskindconsideratefriendlywarmandsoforth.48.GordonAllportanAmericanpsychologistfoundnearly18000Englishwordscharacterizingdifferencesinpeople’sbehavior.Andmanyofususethisinformationasabasisfordescribingortypinghispersonality.Bookwormsconservativesmilitarytypes--peoplearedescribedwithsuchterms.49.ActorsinearlyGreekdramaworemaskstoshowtheaudiencewhethertheyplayedthevillain’s坏人orthehero’srole.InfactthewordspersonandpersonalitycomefromtheLatinpersonameaningmask.50.Butwecaneasilytellthegoodguysfromthebadguysbecausethetwotypesdifferinappearanceaswellasinactions.A.Therearemanywordstodescribehowapersonthinksfeelsandacts.B.Likethehumanfacehumanpersonalityisverycomplex.C.Todaymosttelevisionandmovieactorsdonotwearmasks.D.Werecognizeapersonbyhisorherappearance.E.Wealltakethisabilityforgranted.F.Peoplehavealwaystriedtotypeeachother.
Herfigurewasslenderandgracefulherfeaturesgood.
1.Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhornmetalknivesandmorerecentlyrubberandplastic.Andthatwaswherewestuckinsurgicalinstrumenttermsformanyyears.Inthe1960sanewtoolwasdevelopedonewhichwasfirstofalltobeofgreatpracticalusetothearmedforcesandindustrybutwhichwasalsointimetorevolutionizetheartandscienceofsurgery.2.Thetoolisthelaseranditisbeingusedbymoreandmoresurgeonsallovertheworldforaverylargenumberofdifferentcomplaints.Thewordlasermeans:LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionofRadiation.Asweallknowlightishot;anysourceoflight--fromthesunitselfclowntoahumblematchburning--willgivewarmth.Butlightisusuallyspreadoutoverawidearea.Thelightinalaserbeamhoweverisconcentrated.Thismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.3.Experimentswiththesepinpointbeamshaveshownresearchersthatdifferentenergysourcesproducebeamsthathaveaparticulareffectoncertainlivingcells.Itisnowpossibleforeyesurgeonstooperateonthebackofthehumaneyewithoutharmingthefrontoftheeyesimplybypassingalaserbeamrightthroughtheeyeball.Noknivesnostitchesnounwanteddamage--atruesurgicalwonder.4.Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.Somuchmoredifficultoperationscannowbetried.5.Therapiddevelopmentoflasertechniquesinthepasttenyearshasmadeitclearthatthefutureislikelytobeveryexciting.Perhapssomecancerswillbetreatedwithlaserinawaythatmakessurgerynotonlysaferbutmoreeffective.Altogethertomorrowmayseemoreandmoreinformationcomingtolightonthediseaseswhichcanbetreatedmedically.Longlongagomanused______forsurgicaloperations.
Smokingisconsidereddangeroustothehealth.Ourtobacco--sellerMr.Johnsonthereforealwaysaskshiscustomersiftheyareveryyoungwhomthecigarettesarebought51.Onedayalittlegirlwhomhehadneverseenbeforewalked52intohisshopanddemandedtwentycigarettes.Shehadthe53amountofmoneyinherhandandseemedverysureofherself.Mr.Johnsonwasso54byherconfidentmannerthathe55toaskhisusualquestion.56heaskedherwhatkindofcigarettesshewanted.Thegirlreplied57andhandedhimthemoney.WhilehewasgivingherthechangeMr.Johnsonsaidlaughinglythat58shewassoyoungsheshould59thepacketinherpocketincaseapolicemansawit.60thelittlegirldidnotseemtofindthisveryfunny.Without61smilingshetookthe62andwalkedtowardsthedoor.Suddenlyshestoppedturned63andlookedsteadilyatMr.Johnson.Therewasamomentofsilenceandthetobacco-seller64whatwasgoingtosay.Allatonceinaclear65voicethegirldeclaredMydadisapolicemanandwiththatshewalkedquicklyoutoftheshop.
Smokingisconsidereddangeroustothehealth.Ourtobacco--sellerMr.Johnsonthereforealwaysaskshiscustomersiftheyareveryyoungwhomthecigarettesarebought51.Onedayalittlegirlwhomhehadneverseenbeforewalked52intohisshopanddemandedtwentycigarettes.Shehadthe53amountofmoneyinherhandandseemedverysureofherself.Mr.Johnsonwasso54byherconfidentmannerthathe55toaskhisusualquestion.56heaskedherwhatkindofcigarettesshewanted.Thegirlreplied57andhandedhimthemoney.WhilehewasgivingherthechangeMr.Johnsonsaidlaughinglythat58shewassoyoungsheshould59thepacketinherpocketincaseapolicemansawit.60thelittlegirldidnotseemtofindthisveryfunny.Without61smilingshetookthe62andwalkedtowardsthedoor.Suddenlyshestoppedturned63andlookedsteadilyatMr.Johnson.Therewasamomentofsilenceandthetobacco-seller64whatwasgoingtosay.Allatonceinaclear65voicethegirldeclaredMydadisapolicemanandwiththatshewalkedquicklyoutoftheshop.
Policehavestillfoundnocluesastothewhereaboutsofthemissingchild.
lackingacareforAIDSsocietymustoffereducationnotonlybypublicpronouncementbutinclassrooms.ThosewithAIDSorthoseathighriskofAIDSsufferprejudicetheyarefearedbysomepeoplewhofindlivingitselfunsafewhileothersconductthemselveswithabravado冒险心理thatcouldbefatal.AIDShasafflictedasocietyalreadyshortonhumbanismopen--handednessandoptimism.Attemptstostrikeitoutwiththeoffendingmicrobearenotabetted教唆bypre--existingsocialills.Suchconcernsimpelledmetoofferthefirstuniversity--levelundergraduateAIDScoursewithitstwoimportantaims:ToaddressthefactthatAIDSiscausedbyavirusnotbymoralfailureorsocialcollapse.TheproperresponsetoAIDSiscompassioncoupledwithanunderstandingofthediseaseitself.Wewantedtofosterhelpthegrowthoftheideaofahumanesociety.TodescribehowAIDSteststheinstitutionsuponwhichoursocietyrests.TheeconomythepoliticalsystemsciencethelegalEstablishmentthemediaandourmoralethical--philosophicalattitudesmustrespondtothedisease.ThoseresponseswhisperedorshriekedeasilyacceptedorhighlycontroversialmustbeputinorderifthenationistomanageAIDS.ScholarshavesuggestedthathowasocietydealswiththethreatofAIDSdescribestheextenttowhichthatsocietyhastherighttocallitselfcivilized.AIDStheniswovenintothetapestry挂毯ofmodernsociety;inthecourseofexplainingthattapestryateacherrealizesthatAIDSmaybringaboutchangesofhistoricproportions.DemocracyobligesitseducationalsystemtopreparestudentstobecomeinformedcitizenstojointheirvoicestothepublicdebateinspriedbyAIDS.WhoshalldirectjustwhatresourcesofmanpowerandmoneytotheproblemofAIDSEvenmorebasicwhoshallformulateanationalpolicyonAIDSTheeducationalchallengethenistoenlighten启发theindividualandthesocialorpublicresponsestoAIDS.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout
Smokingisconsidereddangeroustothehealth.Ourtobacco--sellerMr.Johnsonthereforealwaysaskshiscustomersiftheyareveryyoungwhomthecigarettesarebought51.Onedayalittlegirlwhomhehadneverseenbeforewalked52intohisshopanddemandedtwentycigarettes.Shehadthe53amountofmoneyinherhandandseemedverysureofherself.Mr.Johnsonwasso54byherconfidentmannerthathe55toaskhisusualquestion.56heaskedherwhatkindofcigarettesshewanted.Thegirlreplied57andhandedhimthemoney.WhilehewasgivingherthechangeMr.Johnsonsaidlaughinglythat58shewassoyoungsheshould59thepacketinherpocketincaseapolicemansawit.60thelittlegirldidnotseemtofindthisveryfunny.Without61smilingshetookthe62andwalkedtowardsthedoor.Suddenlyshestoppedturned63andlookedsteadilyatMr.Johnson.Therewasamomentofsilenceandthetobacco-seller64whatwasgoingtosay.Allatonceinaclear65voicethegirldeclaredMydadisapolicemanandwiththatshewalkedquicklyoutoftheshop.
lackingacareforAIDSsocietymustoffereducationnotonlybypublicpronouncementbutinclassrooms.ThosewithAIDSorthoseathighriskofAIDSsufferprejudicetheyarefearedbysomepeoplewhofindlivingitselfunsafewhileothersconductthemselveswithabravado冒险心理thatcouldbefatal.AIDShasafflictedasocietyalreadyshortonhumbanismopen--handednessandoptimism.Attemptstostrikeitoutwiththeoffendingmicrobearenotabetted教唆bypre--existingsocialills.Suchconcernsimpelledmetoofferthefirstuniversity--levelundergraduateAIDScoursewithitstwoimportantaims:ToaddressthefactthatAIDSiscausedbyavirusnotbymoralfailureorsocialcollapse.TheproperresponsetoAIDSiscompassioncoupledwithanunderstandingofthediseaseitself.Wewantedtofosterhelpthegrowthoftheideaofahumanesociety.TodescribehowAIDSteststheinstitutionsuponwhichoursocietyrests.TheeconomythepoliticalsystemsciencethelegalEstablishmentthemediaandourmoralethical--philosophicalattitudesmustrespondtothedisease.ThoseresponseswhisperedorshriekedeasilyacceptedorhighlycontroversialmustbeputinorderifthenationistomanageAIDS.ScholarshavesuggestedthathowasocietydealswiththethreatofAIDSdescribestheextenttowhichthatsocietyhastherighttocallitselfcivilized.AIDStheniswovenintothetapestry挂毯ofmodernsociety;inthecourseofexplainingthattapestryateacherrealizesthatAIDSmaybringaboutchangesofhistoricproportions.DemocracyobligesitseducationalsystemtopreparestudentstobecomeinformedcitizenstojointheirvoicestothepublicdebateinspriedbyAIDS.WhoshalldirectjustwhatresourcesofmanpowerandmoneytotheproblemofAIDSEvenmorebasicwhoshallformulateanationalpolicyonAIDSTheeducationalchallengethenistoenlighten启发theindividualandthesocialorpublicresponsestoAIDS.Thewordafflictinthethirdsentenceofthefirstparagraphmostprobablymeans______.
Americansocietyisnotnap午睡friendly.InfactsaysDavidDingesasleepspecialistattheUniversityofPennsylvaniaSchoolofMedicine.There’sevenaprohibitionagainstadmittingweneedsleep.Nobodywantstobecaughtnappingorfoundasleepatwork.Toquoteaproverb:Somesleepfivehoursnaturerequiressevenlazinessnineandwickednesseleven~Wrong.Thewaynottofallasleepatworkistotakenapswhenyouneedthem.wehavetototallychangeourattitudetowardnappingsaysDr.WilliamDementofStanfordUniversitythegodfatherofsleepresearch.LastyearanationalcommissionledbyDementidentifiedanAmericansleepdebtwhichonemembersaidwasaimportantasthenationaldebt.Thecommissionwasconcernedaboutthedangersofsleepinesspeoplecausingindustrialaccidentsoffailingasleepwhiledriving.ThismaybewhywehaveanewsleeppolicyintheWhiterHouse.AccordingtorecentreportspresidentClintonistryingtotakeahalf-hoursnooze打瞌睡everyafternoon.About60percentofAmericanadultsnapwhengiventheopportunity.Weseemtohaveamid-afternoonquietphasealsocalledasecondarysleepgate.Sleeping15minutestotwohoursintheearlyafternooncanreducestressandmakeusrefreshed.Clearlywewereborntonap.WeSuperstarsofsnoozedon’tnaptoreplacelostshuteyeortoprepareforanightshift.Ratherwesnackonsleepwheneverwhereverandatwhatevertimewefeellikeit.Imyselfhavenappedinbusescarsplanesandonboats;onfloorsandbedsandinlibrariesofficesandmuseums.ItiscommonlyacceptedinAmericansocietythattoomuchsleepis______.
She'soneofthesmarteststudentsinthewholeschool.
Thesalesmanapproachedthehousecautiouslybecauseoftheviciousdog.
Smokingisconsidereddangeroustothehealth.Ourtobacco--sellerMr.Johnsonthereforealwaysaskshiscustomersiftheyareveryyoungwhomthecigarettesarebought51.Onedayalittlegirlwhomhehadneverseenbeforewalked52intohisshopanddemandedtwentycigarettes.Shehadthe53amountofmoneyinherhandandseemedverysureofherself.Mr.Johnsonwasso54byherconfidentmannerthathe55toaskhisusualquestion.56heaskedherwhatkindofcigarettesshewanted.Thegirlreplied57andhandedhimthemoney.WhilehewasgivingherthechangeMr.Johnsonsaidlaughinglythat58shewassoyoungsheshould59thepacketinherpocketincaseapolicemansawit.60thelittlegirldidnotseemtofindthisveryfunny.Without61smilingshetookthe62andwalkedtowardsthedoor.Suddenlyshestoppedturned63andlookedsteadilyatMr.Johnson.Therewasamomentofsilenceandthetobacco-seller64whatwasgoingtosay.Allatonceinaclear65voicethegirldeclaredMydadisapolicemanandwiththatshewalkedquicklyoutoftheshop.
Amongallcancerslungcanceristhebiggestkiller:morethan100000Americansdieofthediseaseeachyear.GivingupsmokingisonewaytoreducetheriskbutanotheranswermaylieinthekitchenaccordingtoareportinBritishmedicaljournalTheLancet.Since1957ateamofresearchershasmonitoredthedietaryhabitsandmedicalhistoriesof2000middle-agedmenemployedbytheWesternElectricCo.inChicago.LedbyDr.PritichardShekelleofChicago’sRush--Presbyterian--St.Luke’smedicalCentretheteamrecentlybegantosortoutthelinksbetweenthesubjects’dietarypatternsandcancer.OtheranimalandhumanstudieshassuggestedthatvitaminAmightoffersomeprotectionagainstlungcancerbutdidnotdistinguishvitaminAmadeinthebodyfromthatincarotene胡萝卜素whichisabundantinavarietyofvegetablesandfruitsincludingcarrotsspinachbroccolisquashtomatoesandapples.TheWesternElectricstudyshowedlittlecorrelation相互关系betweentheincidenceoflungcancerandtheconsumptionoffoodscontainingperformedvitaminA.Butthedataoncaroteneintake摄入revealedasignificantrelationship.Amongthe488menwhohadthelowestcaroteneconsumptiontherewere14casesoflungcancer;inagroupofthesamesizethatatethemostcaroteneonlytwoeasesdeveloped.Theapparentprotectiveeffectofcaroteneheldupevenforlong-timesmokers.Furtherstudieswillbenecessarybeforethelinkbetweenlungcancerandcarotenecanbefirmlyestablished.Meanwhileresearcherswarnagainsttakinglargeamountsofvitamin-Asupplementswhichcanbeextremelypoisonousinhighdoses.Insteadtheyadviseawell-balanceddietthatincludesfoodsrichincarotene.Morethan1000000Americansdieoflungcancereveryyear.
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