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古代教育一般是指( )时期的教育。
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中小学校长招聘考试《多项选择》真题及答案
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古代教育特点有哪些分为几个教育阶段
中国古代教育和学术逐渐下移从学在官府发展为学在民间是在
夏商时期
西周时期
春秋战国时期
秦汉时期
汉武帝对中国古代教育发展做出了贡献在他统治时期①教育为儒家所垄断②兴办太学拓宽了人才选拔渠道③初步建
①②③④
①②③
①③④
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近代教育与古代教育相比较出现了哪些变化
古代教育的特征
古代教育特点
中国古代教育存在着师道尊严诲人不倦等教育思想要正确对待这些教育思想就必须
摆脱古代教育思想的影响
回归古代教育思想
推陈出新，革故鼎新
推行素质教育
古代教育有很强的保守性而现代教育具有未来性
汉武帝对中国古代教育发展作出了贡献在他统治时期①教育为儒家所垄断②兴办太学拓宽了人才选拔渠道③初步建
①②③④
①②③
①③④
①②④
君子忧道不忧贫故孔子把请学稼学圃的樊迟视为小人这反映了
古代教育具有鲜明的阶级性
古代教育具有鲜明的等级性
古代教育脱离生产劳动
古代教育形式简单
简述古代教育的特点
结合教育史论述古代教育的阶级性
中国古代教育家把立志视为品德教育的首要内容立志养志成为儒家教育传统古代有试儿风俗就是观察的一种方式
伦理道德教育是中国古代教育的核心
近代教育和古代教育相比较出现了哪些变化
一般分为家庭教育时期与会堂教育时期
古希伯来的幼儿教育
古埃及的幼儿教育
古代印度的幼儿教育
古希腊的幼儿教育
从远古教育进入古代教育是教育史上的一次大的飞跃这表现在哪些方面
汉武帝对中国古代教育发展做出了贡献在他统治时期①教育为儒家所垄断②兴办太学拓宽了人才选拔渠道③初步建
①②③④
①②③
①③④
①②④
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D Thedaysofelderlywomendoingnothingbutcookinghugemealsonholidaysaregone.EntertheRedHatSociety--agroupholdingthebeliefthatoldladiesshouldhavefun. "Mygrandmothersdidn’tdoanythingbutkeephouseandserveeverybody.Theywereprogrammedtodothat"saidEmilyCornetteheadofachapterofthe7-year-oldRedHatSociety. Whilemenhavelongspenttheirtimefishingandplayinggolfwomenhavesometimesseemedtobecomeunnoticedastheyage.Butthegenerationnowturning50isthebabyboomers生育高峰期出生的人andthesamepeoplewhorefusedtheirparents’wayofbeingyoungarenowtryinganewwayofgrowingold. Ifyoutakeintoconsiderationfeminism女权主义abitofsparemoneyandbetterhealthformostelderlytheRedHatSocietylooksalmostinevitable必然的.Inthissocietywomenover50wearredhatsandpurple紫色的clotheswhilethewomenunder50wearpinkhatsandlightpurpleclothing. "TheorganizationtooktheideafromapoembyJennyJosephthatbegins:WhenIamanoldwomanIshallwearpurple.Witharedhatwhichdoesn’tgo"saidEllenCooperwhofoundedtheRedHatSocietyin1998.Whentheladiesstartedtoweartheredhatstheyattractedlotsofattention. "Thepointofthisisthatweneedarestfromalwaysdoingsomethingforsomeoneelse"Coopersaid"Womenfeelsoashamedandsorrywhentheydosomethingforthemselves."Thisiswhychaptersarediscouragedfromraisingmoneyordoinganythinguseful."We’realadies’playgroup.Itcouldn’tbemoresimple"addedCooper’sassistantJoeHeywood. ItcouldbeinferredfromthetextthatmembersoftheRedHatSocietyare
Ⅰ Expressinggratitudeisanimportantformofgoodmanners.NowadaysmoreandmorepeopleinChinahavefoundit’shightimeto16athankfulheartfortheyoung. Everyonelikestogetpraisedandappreciated.Gratitudeisthegreatestofvirtueswhichletsotherssmileandmakestheworldmorebeautiful.Youjustneedseveralminutestowritedownathank-younotebutitbringsmuchjoytothe17. Weliveinasocietywhereweenjoythedifferentservicesofothers.But18ofthemshouldbetakenforgranted. Gratitudeisalsoakindof19inlife.Indevelopinggratitudeforeverymoment--forthesimplejoysandevenforthe20times--wecometotrulyenjoyandappreciatelife.Thenweareabletoseethe21thatsurroundsus. Trytowriteathank-youlettertoyourparentsforworkinghardto22youahappylife. Begratefultoyourteachersbecauseoftheir23withyourstudiesandcharacterbuilding. Saythankstoyourfriendswho24bothyourhappinessandsorrow.Wearesureitwillbringthemmuchjoyandadd25intoyourownlifeaswell. 23
Iwasn'tblaminganyone;Isaiderrorslikethiscouldbeavoided.
Ihavewatchedthatmovie--it'llgivemehorribledreams.
Ⅰ Expressinggratitudeisanimportantformofgoodmanners.NowadaysmoreandmorepeopleinChinahavefoundit’shightimeto16athankfulheartfortheyoung. Everyonelikestogetpraisedandappreciated.Gratitudeisthegreatestofvirtueswhichletsotherssmileandmakestheworldmorebeautiful.Youjustneedseveralminutestowritedownathank-younotebutitbringsmuchjoytothe17. Weliveinasocietywhereweenjoythedifferentservicesofothers.But18ofthemshouldbetakenforgranted. Gratitudeisalsoakindof19inlife.Indevelopinggratitudeforeverymoment--forthesimplejoysandevenforthe20times--wecometotrulyenjoyandappreciatelife.Thenweareabletoseethe21thatsurroundsus. Trytowriteathank-youlettertoyourparentsforworkinghardto22youahappylife. Begratefultoyourteachersbecauseoftheir23withyourstudiesandcharacterbuilding. Saythankstoyourfriendswho24bothyourhappinessandsorrow.Wearesureitwillbringthemmuchjoyandadd25intoyourownlifeaswell. 19
Itisillegalforapublicofficialtoaskpeopleforgiftsormoneyfavorstothem.
Ⅱ Iamdiscoveringthatmanypeoplewantaboveallelsetolivelifefully.Butsometimesthepastprohibitsourlivingandenjoyinglifetotheutmostinthepresent. Aschoolteacher26hisroomafewminutesearlyand27amealwormlaboriouslycraw-lingalongthefloor.Ithadsomehowbeen28.Thebackpartofthewormwasdeadanddriedupbutstillattachedtothe29livingpartbyjustathinthread. Astheteacher30thestrangesightofapoorworm31itsdeadhalfacrosstheflooralittlegirlraninandnoticeditthere.Pickingitupshesaid"OhOscarwhenareyougoingto32thatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive" Whatamarvelous33forallofus!Whenarewegoingtolosethatdeadpartsowecanre-allyliveWhenarewegoingtoletgoofpastpainsowecanlive34Whenarewegoingtodropthebaggageofneedlessguiltsowecan35lifeWhenarewegoingtoletgoofthatpastresentmentsowecanknowpeace HaveyoubeendraggingsomethingthatisdeadandgonearoundwithyouAreyoureadytolosethatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive 35
A WhenIopenedthefirst"BodyShop"in1976whatIwantedtodowastoearn挣enoughmoneytofeedmychildren.Todaythe"BodyShop"isagreatcompanygrowingfastallaroundtheworld.IntheyearssincewebeganIhavelearnedalot.MuchofwhatIhavelearnedwillbefoundinthisbookbecauseIbelievethatweasacompanyhavesomethingworthsayingabouthowtorunasuccessfulbusinesswithoutgivingupwhatyoureallybelievein. It’snotanordinarybusinessbook.Itisnotjustaboutmylifeeither.Themessageisthattosucceedinbusinessyouhavetobedifferent.Businesscanbefunandcanberunwithloveanddogood.InbusinessasinlifeIneedtoenjoymyselftohaveafeelingofmyfamilyandtofeelex-citedbysomethingunusual.Ihavealwayswantedthepeoplewhoworkforthe"BodyShop"tofeelthesameway. Nowthisbooksendstheseideasoutintotheworldandmakesthempublic.I’dliketothink therearenolimits界限toour"family"andnolimitstowhatcanbedone.Ifindthatanexcitingthought.Ihopeyoudotoo. Whatwouldsomeonelearnfromthistext
Samsomeknowledgeofthecomputerjustbywatchingothersworkingonit.
B ChristopherThomas27wasawriterbynightandateacherbydaywhenhenoticedhewasalwaystiredandwaslosingweightfast.Diagnosedwithdiabetes糖尿病Thomaswouldneedtoinjecthimselfwithinsulin胰岛素threetimesadayfortherestofhislifeorrisknervedamageblindnessandevendeath.Andifthatweren’tbadenoughhehadnohealthinsurance. AfteramonthoffeelingupsetThomasdecidedhe’dbetterfindawaytofightback.HeleftCantonMichiganforNewYorkgotajobwaitingtablesnicknamedhimselftheDiabeticRockstarandcreateddiabeticrockstar.comafreeonlinecommunityfordiabeticsandtheirlovedones--aplacewhereover1100peoplesharepersonalstoriesinformationandresources. JasonSwencki’ssonKodywasdiagnosedwithtypediabetesatsix.Fatherandsonvisittheonlinechildren’sforums论坛togethermostevenings."Kodygetssoexcitedwritingtokidsfromallover"saysSwenckioneofthesite’svolunteers."Theyknowwhathe’sgoingthroughsohedoesn’tfeelalone." Kodyisanythingbutalone:DiabetesisnowtheseventhleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStateswith24milliondiagnosedcases.Andmorepeoplearebeingdiagnosedatyoungerages. ThesedaysThomas’smainfocusishischarity慈善机构.Fightitwhichprovidesmedicinesandsuppliestopeople--225todate--whocan’taffordadiabetic’shugeexpenses.Fight-it.orghasraisedabout$23000--inproductsandincash.InMayThomaswillholdthefirstannualDiabeticRockstarFestivalintheCaribbean. Evenwithastaffof22volunteersThomasoftendevotesupto50hoursaweektohiscausewhilestilldoinghisfull-timejobwaitingtables."Ofthediabetescharitiesouttheremostareput-tingmoneyintofindingacure"saysBentleyGubaroneofRockstar’soriginalmembers."ButChristopheristheonlypersonIknowsayingpeopleneedhelpnow./ WhichofthefollowingistrueofChristopherThomas
成败归因理论认为学生常将成功或失败归因于
Ⅰ Expressinggratitudeisanimportantformofgoodmanners.NowadaysmoreandmorepeopleinChinahavefoundit’shightimeto16athankfulheartfortheyoung. Everyonelikestogetpraisedandappreciated.Gratitudeisthegreatestofvirtueswhichletsotherssmileandmakestheworldmorebeautiful.Youjustneedseveralminutestowritedownathank-younotebutitbringsmuchjoytothe17. Weliveinasocietywhereweenjoythedifferentservicesofothers.But18ofthemshouldbetakenforgranted. Gratitudeisalsoakindof19inlife.Indevelopinggratitudeforeverymoment--forthesimplejoysandevenforthe20times--wecometotrulyenjoyandappreciatelife.Thenweareabletoseethe21thatsurroundsus. Trytowriteathank-youlettertoyourparentsforworkinghardto22youahappylife. Begratefultoyourteachersbecauseoftheir23withyourstudiesandcharacterbuilding. Saythankstoyourfriendswho24bothyourhappinessandsorrow.Wearesureitwillbringthemmuchjoyandadd25intoyourownlifeaswell. 25
Ⅱ Iamdiscoveringthatmanypeoplewantaboveallelsetolivelifefully.Butsometimesthepastprohibitsourlivingandenjoyinglifetotheutmostinthepresent. Aschoolteacher26hisroomafewminutesearlyand27amealwormlaboriouslycraw-lingalongthefloor.Ithadsomehowbeen28.Thebackpartofthewormwasdeadanddriedupbutstillattachedtothe29livingpartbyjustathinthread. Astheteacher30thestrangesightofapoorworm31itsdeadhalfacrosstheflooralittlegirlraninandnoticeditthere.Pickingitupshesaid"OhOscarwhenareyougoingto32thatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive" Whatamarvelous33forallofus!Whenarewegoingtolosethatdeadpartsowecanre-allyliveWhenarewegoingtoletgoofpastpainsowecanlive34Whenarewegoingtodropthebaggageofneedlessguiltsowecan35lifeWhenarewegoingtoletgoofthatpastresentmentsowecanknowpeace HaveyoubeendraggingsomethingthatisdeadandgonearoundwithyouAreyoureadytolosethatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive 27
B ChristopherThomas27wasawriterbynightandateacherbydaywhenhenoticedhewasalwaystiredandwaslosingweightfast.Diagnosedwithdiabetes糖尿病Thomaswouldneedtoinjecthimselfwithinsulin胰岛素threetimesadayfortherestofhislifeorrisknervedamageblindnessandevendeath.Andifthatweren’tbadenoughhehadnohealthinsurance. AfteramonthoffeelingupsetThomasdecidedhe’dbetterfindawaytofightback.HeleftCantonMichiganforNewYorkgotajobwaitingtablesnicknamedhimselftheDiabeticRockstarandcreateddiabeticrockstar.comafreeonlinecommunityfordiabeticsandtheirlovedones--aplacewhereover1100peoplesharepersonalstoriesinformationandresources. JasonSwencki’ssonKodywasdiagnosedwithtypediabetesatsix.Fatherandsonvisittheonlinechildren’sforums论坛togethermostevenings."Kodygetssoexcitedwritingtokidsfromallover"saysSwenckioneofthesite’svolunteers."Theyknowwhathe’sgoingthroughsohedoesn’tfeelalone." Kodyisanythingbutalone:DiabetesisnowtheseventhleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStateswith24milliondiagnosedcases.Andmorepeoplearebeingdiagnosedatyoungerages. ThesedaysThomas’smainfocusishischarity慈善机构.Fightitwhichprovidesmedicinesandsuppliestopeople--225todate--whocan’taffordadiabetic’shugeexpenses.Fight-it.orghasraisedabout$23000--inproductsandincash.InMayThomaswillholdthefirstannualDiabeticRockstarFestivalintheCaribbean. Evenwithastaffof22volunteersThomasoftendevotesupto50hoursaweektohiscausewhilestilldoinghisfull-timejobwaitingtables."Ofthediabetescharitiesouttheremostareput-tingmoneyintofindingacure"saysBentleyGubaroneofRockstar’soriginalmembers."ButChristopheristheonlypersonIknowsayingpeopleneedhelpnow./ AccordingtothetextKody
Ⅰ Expressinggratitudeisanimportantformofgoodmanners.NowadaysmoreandmorepeopleinChinahavefoundit’shightimeto16athankfulheartfortheyoung. Everyonelikestogetpraisedandappreciated.Gratitudeisthegreatestofvirtueswhichletsotherssmileandmakestheworldmorebeautiful.Youjustneedseveralminutestowritedownathank-younotebutitbringsmuchjoytothe17. Weliveinasocietywhereweenjoythedifferentservicesofothers.But18ofthemshouldbetakenforgranted. Gratitudeisalsoakindof19inlife.Indevelopinggratitudeforeverymoment--forthesimplejoysandevenforthe20times--wecometotrulyenjoyandappreciatelife.Thenweareabletoseethe21thatsurroundsus. Trytowriteathank-youlettertoyourparentsforworkinghardto22youahappylife. Begratefultoyourteachersbecauseoftheir23withyourstudiesandcharacterbuilding. Saythankstoyourfriendswho24bothyourhappinessandsorrow.Wearesureitwillbringthemmuchjoyandadd25intoyourownlifeaswell. 17
Ⅱ Iamdiscoveringthatmanypeoplewantaboveallelsetolivelifefully.Butsometimesthepastprohibitsourlivingandenjoyinglifetotheutmostinthepresent. Aschoolteacher26hisroomafewminutesearlyand27amealwormlaboriouslycraw-lingalongthefloor.Ithadsomehowbeen28.Thebackpartofthewormwasdeadanddriedupbutstillattachedtothe29livingpartbyjustathinthread. Astheteacher30thestrangesightofapoorworm31itsdeadhalfacrosstheflooralittlegirlraninandnoticeditthere.Pickingitupshesaid"OhOscarwhenareyougoingto32thatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive" Whatamarvelous33forallofus!Whenarewegoingtolosethatdeadpartsowecanre-allyliveWhenarewegoingtoletgoofpastpainsowecanlive34Whenarewegoingtodropthebaggageofneedlessguiltsowecan35lifeWhenarewegoingtoletgoofthatpastresentmentsowecanknowpeace HaveyoubeendraggingsomethingthatisdeadandgonearoundwithyouAreyoureadytolosethatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive 29
考试时学生想起以前的知识作答这种心理现象被称作
A WhenIopenedthefirst"BodyShop"in1976whatIwantedtodowastoearn挣enoughmoneytofeedmychildren.Todaythe"BodyShop"isagreatcompanygrowingfastallaroundtheworld.IntheyearssincewebeganIhavelearnedalot.MuchofwhatIhavelearnedwillbefoundinthisbookbecauseIbelievethatweasacompanyhavesomethingworthsayingabouthowtorunasuccessfulbusinesswithoutgivingupwhatyoureallybelievein. It’snotanordinarybusinessbook.Itisnotjustaboutmylifeeither.Themessageisthattosucceedinbusinessyouhavetobedifferent.Businesscanbefunandcanberunwithloveanddogood.InbusinessasinlifeIneedtoenjoymyselftohaveafeelingofmyfamilyandtofeelex-citedbysomethingunusual.Ihavealwayswantedthepeoplewhoworkforthe"BodyShop"tofeelthesameway. Nowthisbooksendstheseideasoutintotheworldandmakesthempublic.I’dliketothink therearenolimits界限toour"family"andnolimitstowhatcanbedone.Ifindthatanexcitingthought.Ihopeyoudotoo. Whatkindofworkersdoesthewriterliketoemploy雇用
thedayontheweathergotworse.
态度的结构包括
C PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultiesthanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions-andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy. RachaelJackUniversityofGlasgowresearchersaidthatratherthanscanningevenly均匀的acrossafaceasWesternersdoEasternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes. "WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions"Jacksaid."WesternerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasurewhereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect忽略themouth." AccordingtoJackandhercolleaguesthediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresultfacialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincrossculturalsituations. Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happysadsurprisedfearfuldisgustedangry orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies. ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners."Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions"Jacksaid."OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotionEasternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless." Inshortthedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereonexamininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunder-standingofhumanemotion.OtherwisewhenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrossculturesEasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation. Whatwerethepeopleaskedtodointhestudy
B ChristopherThomas27wasawriterbynightandateacherbydaywhenhenoticedhewasalwaystiredandwaslosingweightfast.Diagnosedwithdiabetes糖尿病Thomaswouldneedtoinjecthimselfwithinsulin胰岛素threetimesadayfortherestofhislifeorrisknervedamageblindnessandevendeath.Andifthatweren’tbadenoughhehadnohealthinsurance. AfteramonthoffeelingupsetThomasdecidedhe’dbetterfindawaytofightback.HeleftCantonMichiganforNewYorkgotajobwaitingtablesnicknamedhimselftheDiabeticRockstarandcreateddiabeticrockstar.comafreeonlinecommunityfordiabeticsandtheirlovedones--aplacewhereover1100peoplesharepersonalstoriesinformationandresources. JasonSwencki’ssonKodywasdiagnosedwithtypediabetesatsix.Fatherandsonvisittheonlinechildren’sforums论坛togethermostevenings."Kodygetssoexcitedwritingtokidsfromallover"saysSwenckioneofthesite’svolunteers."Theyknowwhathe’sgoingthroughsohedoesn’tfeelalone." Kodyisanythingbutalone:DiabetesisnowtheseventhleadingcauseofdeathintheUnitedStateswith24milliondiagnosedcases.Andmorepeoplearebeingdiagnosedatyoungerages. ThesedaysThomas’smainfocusishischarity慈善机构.Fightitwhichprovidesmedicinesandsuppliestopeople--225todate--whocan’taffordadiabetic’shugeexpenses.Fight-it.orghasraisedabout$23000--inproductsandincash.InMayThomaswillholdthefirstannualDiabeticRockstarFestivalintheCaribbean. Evenwithastaffof22volunteersThomasoftendevotesupto50hoursaweektohiscausewhilestilldoinghisfull-timejobwaitingtables."Ofthediabetescharitiesouttheremostareput-tingmoneyintofindingacure"saysBentleyGubaroneofRockstar’soriginalmembers."ButChristopheristheonlypersonIknowsayingpeopleneedhelpnow./ ThelastparagraphsuggeststhatThomas
D Thedaysofelderlywomendoingnothingbutcookinghugemealsonholidaysaregone.EntertheRedHatSociety--agroupholdingthebeliefthatoldladiesshouldhavefun. "Mygrandmothersdidn’tdoanythingbutkeephouseandserveeverybody.Theywereprogrammedtodothat"saidEmilyCornetteheadofachapterofthe7-year-oldRedHatSociety. Whilemenhavelongspenttheirtimefishingandplayinggolfwomenhavesometimesseemedtobecomeunnoticedastheyage.Butthegenerationnowturning50isthebabyboomers生育高峰期出生的人andthesamepeoplewhorefusedtheirparents’wayofbeingyoungarenowtryinganewwayofgrowingold. Ifyoutakeintoconsiderationfeminism女权主义abitofsparemoneyandbetterhealthformostelderlytheRedHatSocietylooksalmostinevitable必然的.Inthissocietywomenover50wearredhatsandpurple紫色的clotheswhilethewomenunder50wearpinkhatsandlightpurpleclothing. "TheorganizationtooktheideafromapoembyJennyJosephthatbegins:WhenIamanoldwomanIshallwearpurple.Witharedhatwhichdoesn’tgo"saidEllenCooperwhofoundedtheRedHatSocietyin1998.Whentheladiesstartedtoweartheredhatstheyattractedlotsofattention. "Thepointofthisisthatweneedarestfromalwaysdoingsomethingforsomeoneelse"Coopersaid"Womenfeelsoashamedandsorrywhentheydosomethingforthemselves."Thisiswhychaptersarediscouragedfromraisingmoneyordoinganythinguseful."We’realadies’playgroup.Itcouldn’tbemoresimple"addedCooper’sassistantJoeHeywood. TheunderlinedwordchapterinParagraph2means
C PeoplefromEastAsiatendtohavemoredifficultiesthanthosefromEuropeindistinguishingfacialexpressions-andanewreportpublishedonlineinCurrentBiologyexplainswhy. RachaelJackUniversityofGlasgowresearchersaidthatratherthanscanningevenly均匀的acrossafaceasWesternersdoEasternersfixtheirattentionontheeyes. "WeshowthatEasternersandWesternerslookatdifferentfacefeaturestoreadfacialexpressions"Jacksaid."WesternerslookattheeyesandthemouthinequalmeasurewhereasEasternersfavortheeyesandneglect忽略themouth." AccordingtoJackandhercolleaguesthediscoveryshowsthathumancommunicationofemotionismorecomplexthanpreviouslybelieved.Asaresultfacialexpressionsthathadbeenconsidereduniversallyrecognizablecannotbeusedtoreliablyconveyemotionincrossculturalsituations. Theresearchersstudiedculturaldifferencesintherecognitionoffacialexpressionsbyrecordingtheeyemovementsof13WesternCaucasianand13EastAsianpeoplewhiletheyobservedpicturesofexpressivefacesandputthemintocategories:happysadsurprisedfearfuldisgustedangry orneutral.Theycomparedhowaccuratelyparticipantsreadthosefacialexpressionsusingtheirparticulareyemovementstrategies. ItturnedoutthatEasternersfocusedmuchgreaterattentionontheeyesandmadesignificantlymoreerrorsthandidWesterners."Theculturaldifferenceineyemovementsthattheyshowisprobablyareflectionofculturaldifferenceinfacialexpressions"Jacksaid."OurdatasuggestthatwhereasWesternersusethewholefacetoconveyemotionEasternersusetheeyesmoreandmouthless." Inshortthedatashowthatfacialexpressionsarenotuniversalsignalsofhumanemotion.Fromhereonexamininghowculturalfactorshavediversifiedthesebasicsocialskillswillhelpourunder-standingofhumanemotion.OtherwisewhenitcomestocommunicatingemotionsacrossculturesEasternersandWesternerswillfindthemselveslostintranslation. IncomparisonwithWesternersEasternersarelikelyto
Ⅰ Expressinggratitudeisanimportantformofgoodmanners.NowadaysmoreandmorepeopleinChinahavefoundit’shightimeto16athankfulheartfortheyoung. Everyonelikestogetpraisedandappreciated.Gratitudeisthegreatestofvirtueswhichletsotherssmileandmakestheworldmorebeautiful.Youjustneedseveralminutestowritedownathank-younotebutitbringsmuchjoytothe17. Weliveinasocietywhereweenjoythedifferentservicesofothers.But18ofthemshouldbetakenforgranted. Gratitudeisalsoakindof19inlife.Indevelopinggratitudeforeverymoment--forthesimplejoysandevenforthe20times--wecometotrulyenjoyandappreciatelife.Thenweareabletoseethe21thatsurroundsus. Trytowriteathank-youlettertoyourparentsforworkinghardto22youahappylife. Begratefultoyourteachersbecauseoftheir23withyourstudiesandcharacterbuilding. Saythankstoyourfriendswho24bothyourhappinessandsorrow.Wearesureitwillbringthemmuchjoyandadd25intoyourownlifeaswell. 21
Justastheclothesapersonwearsthefoodheeatsandthefriendswithwhomhespendshistimehishousehispersonality.
Ⅱ Iamdiscoveringthatmanypeoplewantaboveallelsetolivelifefully.Butsometimesthepastprohibitsourlivingandenjoyinglifetotheutmostinthepresent. Aschoolteacher26hisroomafewminutesearlyand27amealwormlaboriouslycraw-lingalongthefloor.Ithadsomehowbeen28.Thebackpartofthewormwasdeadanddriedupbutstillattachedtothe29livingpartbyjustathinthread. Astheteacher30thestrangesightofapoorworm31itsdeadhalfacrosstheflooralittlegirlraninandnoticeditthere.Pickingitupshesaid"OhOscarwhenareyougoingto32thatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive" Whatamarvelous33forallofus!Whenarewegoingtolosethatdeadpartsowecanre-allyliveWhenarewegoingtoletgoofpastpainsowecanlive34Whenarewegoingtodropthebaggageofneedlessguiltsowecan35lifeWhenarewegoingtoletgoofthatpastresentmentsowecanknowpeace HaveyoubeendraggingsomethingthatisdeadandgonearoundwithyouAreyoureadytolosethatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive 33
—Doyouthinkyoucoulddowithouthelp—.Thisisnotthefirsttimeforme.
HemovedawayfromhisparentsandmissedthemtoenjoytheexcitinglifeinNewYork.
Ⅱ Iamdiscoveringthatmanypeoplewantaboveallelsetolivelifefully.Butsometimesthepastprohibitsourlivingandenjoyinglifetotheutmostinthepresent. Aschoolteacher26hisroomafewminutesearlyand27amealwormlaboriouslycraw-lingalongthefloor.Ithadsomehowbeen28.Thebackpartofthewormwasdeadanddriedupbutstillattachedtothe29livingpartbyjustathinthread. Astheteacher30thestrangesightofapoorworm31itsdeadhalfacrosstheflooralittlegirlraninandnoticeditthere.Pickingitupshesaid"OhOscarwhenareyougoingto32thatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive" Whatamarvelous33forallofus!Whenarewegoingtolosethatdeadpartsowecanre-allyliveWhenarewegoingtoletgoofpastpainsowecanlive34Whenarewegoingtodropthebaggageofneedlessguiltsowecan35lifeWhenarewegoingtoletgoofthatpastresentmentsowecanknowpeace HaveyoubeendraggingsomethingthatisdeadandgonearoundwithyouAreyoureadytolosethatdeadpartsoyoucanreallylive 31
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