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Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in hist...
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在窗体上画一个名称为Commandl的命令按钮然后编写如下事件过程PrivateSubCommand
1 3 5 7
2 8 14 53
0 3 21 45
0 5 11 34
MCS-51指令系统中指令CJNEA#datarel的作用相当于SUBBA#data与JNCrel的
固网交换机与SHLR采用ISUP＋协议通信时需要对原ISUP的信令进行扩展
IAM
ACM
REL
ACM和REL
JNZREL为2B指令放于1308H转移目标地址是134AH求偏移量REL=
以下的4条指令中既完成判位转移又完成清位的指令是
JNC rel
JB bit，rel
JBC bit，rel
JNB bit，rel
以下哪个3GPP版本第一次发布LTE标准
Rel5
Rel6
Rel7
Rel8
如JCrel发生跳转时目标地址为当前指令地址加上偏移量rel
在窗体上画一个名称为Commandl的命令按钮然后编写如下事件过程PrivateSubCommand
1 3 5 7
2 8 14 53
0 3 21 45
0 5 11 34
将在1工作区的父表按主关键字职工号和2工作区上的子表建立临时关联正确的是
SET REL ATION TO 职工号 INTO 2
SET REL ATION TO 2 INTO职工号
SET REL ATION TO 职工号 TO2
SET REL ATION TO 2 INTO 职工号
写出8255各端口地 址 4分
写出数据存储器6264的地址范 围2分
编程实现连接在8255的PA端口上的发光二极管循环闪亮即走马灯显 示的控制程序要求循环闪亮的时间间隔
力学性能的符号表示ReLReH表示RmA表示
指令CJNEA#datarel的作用完全等同于指令组合SUBBA#data与JNZrel的作用
在ISUP消息中下列哪个接续是正确的
IAM、ACM、REL、RLC
IAI、ACM、ANC、REL、RLC
IAM、REL、ANM
IAM、ACM、ANC、REL、RLC
RRC建立过程携带RLFIndicator标识是哪个版本支持
Rel8
Rel9
Rel10
Rel11
DJNZ#datarel
一个完整呼叫的信令顺序为.
IAM，ACM，ANM，REL，RLC
IAM，ANM，ACM，REL，RLC
IAM，ACM，ANM，RLC，REL
IAM，ANM，ACM，REL，RLC
【GSM协议与标准】挂机之后A接口资源清除的顺序为拆线－DISC清除BSS资源－CLEAR释放－RE
DISC-REL-CLEAR
REL-DISC-CLEAR
CLEAR-REL-DISC
CLEAR-DISC-REL
如JCrel发生跳转时目标地址为当前地址加上偏移量rel
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Ithasbeenarguedthataninfantunderthreewhoiscaredforoutsidethehomemaysufferbecauseoftheseparationfromhisparents.TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbymaintainsthatseparationfromtheparentsduringthesensitiveattachmentperiodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityandpredisposetoemotionalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby’sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforetheageofthreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitentailsandmanypeopledobelievethis.Buttherearealsoargumentsagainstsuchastrongconclusion.Firstlyanthropologistspointoutthatthesecludedloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.ForexamplewesawearlierthatamongtheNgonithefatherandmotherofachilddidnotreartheirinfantalone--farfromit.Buttraditionalsocietiesaresodifferentfrommodernsocietiesthatcomparisonsbasedonjustonefactorarehardtointerpret.Secondlycommonsensetellsusthatdaycarewouldnotbesowidespreadtodayifparentscaretakersorpediatriciansfoundthatchildrenhadproblemswithit.ButBowlby’sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatearlydaycarehasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadtosaymorementalillnessorcrime15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Statisticalstudiesofthiskindhavenotyetbeencarriedoutandeveniftheyweretheresultswouldbecertaintobecomplicatedandcontroversial.ThirdlyinthelastdecadetherehavebeenanumberofcarefulAmericanstudiesofchildrenindaycareandtheyhaveuniformlyreportedthatdaycarehadaneutralofslightlypositiveeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.Butteststhathavehadtobeusedtomeasurethisdevelopmentarenotwidelyenoughacceptedtosettletheissue.ThephrasedaycareinLine8Par
Manysciencereportsdiscussmedicalstudiesthattesttheeffectofanewdrug.Usuallyalargenumberofpeopleisdividedintotwogroups.Eachgrouptakesadifferentsubstance.Butnooneknowswhichgroupisgettingwhichsubstance.Onegrouptakesthemedicinebeingtested.Anothergrouptakeswhatwecallaninactivesubstance.Medicalresearcherscallthissubstanceaplacebo.ThewordplaceboisLatinforIshallplease.Placebopills宽心丸usuallyaremadeofsugar.Usingplacebostotestdrugssometimeshasasurprisingresult.Researcherssaypeopletakingtheplacebooftenreportimprovementsintheirhealth.Thisisknownastheplaceboeffect--painthatiseasedorstoppedbyaninactivesubstance.Insuchtestingthedrugmustperformbetterthantheplacebotoprovethatitiseffective.Doctorshavereportedthattheplaceboeffectcanbeusedintreatment.Forexampleadoctortellsapatientthatanewdrugwillstopthepaininhisleg.Thepillisonlysugar.Butthepatientdoesnotknowthat.Hetakesthepillandsayshispainisgone.Scientistsarebeginningtodiscoversomephysicalreasonsforthisreactioninsomepeople.Theyarelearningthatmuchofwhatpeoplebelievetobetruecomesfromwhatthebrainexpectsisgoingtohappen.Ifthebrainbelievesadrugwilleasepainthebrainmaybeginphysicalchangesinthebodythatcancausetheexpectedeffect.Arecentexaminationofstudiesondrugsfordepressionfoundthatplaceboseasedthedepressionaboutaswellastheactivedrugs.Otherstudieshaveexploredthepowerofplacebos.AstudyinJapaninvolvedthirteenpeoplewhoreactedtothepoisonivy常青藤plant.Poison-ivycausesreditchysores伤痕onsomepeoplewhotouchit.Eachpersonwasrubbedononearmwithaharmlessleafbutwastolditwaspoisonivy.Eachpersonwasthentouchedontheotherarmwithpoisonivybutwastolditwasaharmlessleaf.Allthirteenpeopledevelopedareactiononthearmwheretheharmlessleaftouchedtheirskin.Onlytworeactedtothepoisonivyleaves.Doctorsandscientistsworrythattheuseofplacebosmaynotalwaysbeharmless.Theysaypeoplecanbecomevictimsoffalsedoctorsandotherswhouseplacebostoclaimtheycancuredisease.Placebopillsusuallyaremadeof______.
1.Ifyouwanttostayyoungsitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctorswhosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise--andasaresultweareageingunnecessarilysoon.2.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyageandhowtheprocessofageingcouldbesloweddown.3.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversityhesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.4.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainwhichrelatetointellect智能andemotionanddeterminethehumancharacter.Therearsectionofthebrainwhichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathingdoesnotcontractwithageandonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.5.Contractionoffrontandsideparts--ascellsdieoff--wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirtiesbutitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyandseventy-year-olds.6.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage--usingthehead.7.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.ThoseleastatrisksaysMatuzawaarelawyersfollowedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesarehoweveraslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworkerbusdriverandshopassistant.8.Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebrainceilsneed.ThebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrainhesaysThinkhardandengageinconversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators./Para8______A.Thinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.B.Thereasonwhypeopleareaging.C.Scientistshaveworkedoutawaytokeeppeoplehealthy.D.Computertechnology.E.Thedifferenttimeofbraincontractionbetweenpeopleinthecountryandinthetowns.F.Measurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrain.
Manysciencereportsdiscussmedicalstudiesthattesttheeffectofanewdrug.Usuallyalargenumberofpeopleisdividedintotwogroups.Eachgrouptakesadifferentsubstance.Butnooneknowswhichgroupisgettingwhichsubstance.Onegrouptakesthemedicinebeingtested.Anothergrouptakeswhatwecallaninactivesubstance.Medicalresearcherscallthissubstanceaplacebo.ThewordplaceboisLatinforIshallplease.Placebopills宽心丸usuallyaremadeofsugar.Usingplacebostotestdrugssometimeshasasurprisingresult.Researcherssaypeopletakingtheplacebooftenreportimprovementsintheirhealth.Thisisknownastheplaceboeffect--painthatiseasedorstoppedbyaninactivesubstance.Insuchtestingthedrugmustperformbetterthantheplacebotoprovethatitiseffective.Doctorshavereportedthattheplaceboeffectcanbeusedintreatment.Forexampleadoctortellsapatientthatanewdrugwillstopthepaininhisleg.Thepillisonlysugar.Butthepatientdoesnotknowthat.Hetakesthepillandsayshispainisgone.Scientistsarebeginningtodiscoversomephysicalreasonsforthisreactioninsomepeople.Theyarelearningthatmuchofwhatpeoplebelievetobetruecomesfromwhatthebrainexpectsisgoingtohappen.Ifthebrainbelievesadrugwilleasepainthebrainmaybeginphysicalchangesinthebodythatcancausetheexpectedeffect.Arecentexaminationofstudiesondrugsfordepressionfoundthatplaceboseasedthedepressionaboutaswellastheactivedrugs.Otherstudieshaveexploredthepowerofplacebos.AstudyinJapaninvolvedthirteenpeoplewhoreactedtothepoisonivy常青藤plant.Poison-ivycausesreditchysores伤痕onsomepeoplewhotouchit.Eachpersonwasrubbedononearmwithaharmlessleafbutwastolditwaspoisonivy.Eachpersonwasthentouchedontheotherarmwithpoisonivybutwastolditwasaharmlessleaf.Allthirteenpeopledevelopedareactiononthearmwheretheharmlessleaftouchedtheirskin.Onlytworeactedtothepoisonivyleaves.Doctorsandscientistsworrythattheuseofplacebosmaynotalwaysbeharmless.Theysaypeoplecanbecomevictimsoffalsedoctorsandotherswhouseplacebostoclaimtheycancuredisease.HowmanypeopledevelopedareactiononbotharmsinthestudyinJapan
1.Ifyouwanttostayyoungsitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctorswhosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise--andasaresultweareageingunnecessarilysoon.2.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyageandhowtheprocessofageingcouldbesloweddown.3.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversityhesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.4.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainwhichrelatetointellect智能andemotionanddeterminethehumancharacter.Therearsectionofthebrainwhichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathingdoesnotcontractwithageandonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.5.Contractionoffrontandsideparts--ascellsdieoff--wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirtiesbutitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyandseventy-year-olds.6.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage--usingthehead.7.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.ThoseleastatrisksaysMatuzawaarelawyersfollowedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesarehoweveraslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworkerbusdriverandshopassistant.8.Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebrainceilsneed.ThebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrainhesaysThinkhardandengageinconversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators./Thefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainrelatesto______.A.bloodcirculationB.sloweddownC.occupationsD.intellectandemotionE.eatingandbreathingF.freshoxygen
DorotheaDixlefthomeatanearlyage-ofherownfreewill-tolivewithhergrand-mother.AtfourteenDorotheawasteachingschoolatWorcesterMassachusetts.Ashorttimeaftershehadbegunteachingsheestablishedaschoolforyounggirlsinhergrandparents’home.StresswasplacedonmoralcharacteratDorothea’sschoolwhichsheconducteduntilshewasthirty-three.Shewasforcedtogiveupteachingathergrandparents’homehoweverwhenshebecameill.Afewyearsofinactivityfollowed.In1841DorotheabegantoteachagainacceptingaSundayschoolclassintheEastCambridgeMassachusettsjail.Hereshefirstcameuponinsanepeoplelockeduptogetherwithcriminals.Inthosedaysinsanepeopleweretreatedevenworsethancriminals.Therewereonlyafewasylums精神病院intheentirecountry.Thereforejailspoorhousesandhousesofcorrectionwereusedtoconfinetheinsane.DorotheaDixmadeacarefulinvestigationoftheinhumantreatmentoftheinsane.Itwasconsideredunfeminine不适合女性的forawomantodevoteherselftosuchworkatthistime.ButthisdidnotstopDorotheaDixinhereffortstoprovidepropermedicalcarefortheinsane.Graduallybecauseofherinvestigationsconditionswereimproved.Morethanthirtymentalinstitutionswerefoundedorre-establishedintheUnitedStatedbecauseofherefforts.DorotheaalsoextendedherinvestigationstoEnglandandtootherpartsofEurope.DuringtheCivilWarDorotheaservedassuperintendent管理人ofwomenhospitalnursesintheUnionarmy.Whenthewarwasovershereturnedtoherworkofimprovingconditionsforinsanepeople.TheauthorimpliesthatDorotheaDix’sworkwiththeinsanewasinterruptedbecauseof______.
1.Ifyouwanttostayyoungsitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctorswhosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise--andasaresultweareageingunnecessarilysoon.2.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyageandhowtheprocessofageingcouldbesloweddown.3.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversityhesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.4.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainwhichrelatetointellect智能andemotionanddeterminethehumancharacter.Therearsectionofthebrainwhichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathingdoesnotcontractwithageandonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.5.Contractionoffrontandsideparts--ascellsdieoff--wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirtiesbutitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyandseventy-year-olds.6.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage--usingthehead.7.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.ThoseleastatrisksaysMatuzawaarelawyersfollowedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesarehoweveraslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworkerbusdriverandshopassistant.8.Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebrainceilsneed.ThebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrainhesaysThinkhardandengageinconversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators./Para4______
AninternationalteamofresearchscientistshascreatedanewkindofricethatcontainsVitaminA.Theresearchersusedgeneticengineeringtocreatethenewrice.Geneticengineeringisthetechnologyofchangingthegenesoflivingthings.TheresearcherssaythericecouldhelpmillionsofpeoplewhodonotgetenoughVitaminAinthefoodtheyeat.ThefindingswerepublishedinSciencemagazine.VitaminAisnecessaryforthebody’snaturaldefensesystemagainstdisease.VitaminAisneededtohelppreventskinandothertissuesfromdryingout.Italsoproducesalight-sensitivesubstanceintheeyes.PeoplewhodonotgetenoughVitaminAcannotseewellinthedark.Theymaydevelopaconditionthatdriestheeyes.Theconditioncanresultininfectionsthatleadtoblindness.AlackofVitaminAisamajorcauseofblindnessamongchildren.Healthexpertsestimatethat124millionchildrenaroundtheworlddonoteatenoughfoodswithVitaminA.VitaminAisfoundinfishliveroilandintheyellowpartofeggs.VegetablessuchascarrotsandsweetpotatoescontainbetacaroteneasubstancethatthebodychangesintoVitaminA.PublichealthcampaignstoprovideVitaminAtothosewhoneedithaveprovedcostly.Andtheyarenotalwayseffective.Thathasledresearcherstotrytocreatefoodswiththevitamin.Riceisoneofthemostcommoncropsgrownworldwide.HowevernormalricelacksVitaminA.ResearchersatalaboratoryinSwitzerlandfoundawaytochangethegeneticmaterialofrice.Theyaddedthreegenestotherice.ThegenesproducebetacarotenethechemicalthatourbodieschangeintoVitaminA.Thenewricehasagoldenyellowcolor.Theresearcherssay200gramsofthericehaveenoughbetacarotenetoprovidethenecessaryamountofVitaminA.BiologistMaryLouGuerinotofDartmouthCollegewroteacommentarypublishedwiththereportinsciencemagazine.Shesaidthericeisanexcellentexampleofthegoodthingsthatcanbedonewithgeneticengineering.Howevercriticsofgeneticengineeringarguethatchangingplantgenescouldincreaseriskstohumanhealthortheenvironment.ThemoreVitaminAwehavethemorehealthywewillbe.
Althoughbusesarescheduledtodepartatacertainhourtheyareoftenlate.
AninternationalteamofresearchscientistshascreatedanewkindofricethatcontainsVitaminA.Theresearchersusedgeneticengineeringtocreatethenewrice.Geneticengineeringisthetechnologyofchangingthegenesoflivingthings.TheresearcherssaythericecouldhelpmillionsofpeoplewhodonotgetenoughVitaminAinthefoodtheyeat.ThefindingswerepublishedinSciencemagazine.VitaminAisnecessaryforthebody’snaturaldefensesystemagainstdisease.VitaminAisneededtohelppreventskinandothertissuesfromdryingout.Italsoproducesalight-sensitivesubstanceintheeyes.PeoplewhodonotgetenoughVitaminAcannotseewellinthedark.Theymaydevelopaconditionthatdriestheeyes.Theconditioncanresultininfectionsthatleadtoblindness.AlackofVitaminAisamajorcauseofblindnessamongchildren.Healthexpertsestimatethat124millionchildrenaroundtheworlddonoteatenoughfoodswithVitaminA.VitaminAisfoundinfishliveroilandintheyellowpartofeggs.VegetablessuchascarrotsandsweetpotatoescontainbetacaroteneasubstancethatthebodychangesintoVitaminA.PublichealthcampaignstoprovideVitaminAtothosewhoneedithaveprovedcostly.Andtheyarenotalwayseffective.Thathasledresearcherstotrytocreatefoodswiththevitamin.Riceisoneofthemostcommoncropsgrownworldwide.HowevernormalricelacksVitaminA.ResearchersatalaboratoryinSwitzerlandfoundawaytochangethegeneticmaterialofrice.Theyaddedthreegenestotherice.ThegenesproducebetacarotenethechemicalthatourbodieschangeintoVitaminA.Thenewricehasagoldenyellowcolor.Theresearcherssay200gramsofthericehaveenoughbetacarotenetoprovidethenecessaryamountofVitaminA.BiologistMaryLouGuerinotofDartmouthCollegewroteacommentarypublishedwiththereportinsciencemagazine.Shesaidthericeisanexcellentexampleofthegoodthingsthatcanbedonewithgeneticengineering.Howevercriticsofgeneticengineeringarguethatchangingplantgenescouldincreaseriskstohumanhealthortheenvironment.Geneticengineeringisabsolutelygoodforhuman.
Themostpressingproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarceresources.
DorotheaDixlefthomeatanearlyage-ofherownfreewill-tolivewithhergrand-mother.AtfourteenDorotheawasteachingschoolatWorcesterMassachusetts.Ashorttimeaftershehadbegunteachingsheestablishedaschoolforyounggirlsinhergrandparents’home.StresswasplacedonmoralcharacteratDorothea’sschoolwhichsheconducteduntilshewasthirty-three.Shewasforcedtogiveupteachingathergrandparents’homehoweverwhenshebecameill.Afewyearsofinactivityfollowed.In1841DorotheabegantoteachagainacceptingaSundayschoolclassintheEastCambridgeMassachusettsjail.Hereshefirstcameuponinsanepeoplelockeduptogetherwithcriminals.Inthosedaysinsanepeopleweretreatedevenworsethancriminals.Therewereonlyafewasylums精神病院intheentirecountry.Thereforejailspoorhousesandhousesofcorrectionwereusedtoconfinetheinsane.DorotheaDixmadeacarefulinvestigationoftheinhumantreatmentoftheinsane.Itwasconsideredunfeminine不适合女性的forawomantodevoteherselftosuchworkatthistime.ButthisdidnotstopDorotheaDixinhereffortstoprovidepropermedicalcarefortheinsane.Graduallybecauseofherinvestigationsconditionswereimproved.Morethanthirtymentalinstitutionswerefoundedorre-establishedintheUnitedStatedbecauseofherefforts.DorotheaalsoextendedherinvestigationstoEnglandandtootherpartsofEurope.DuringtheCivilWarDorotheaservedassuperintendent管理人ofwomenhospitalnursesintheUnionarmy.Whenthewarwasovershereturnedtoherworkofimprovingconditionsforinsanepeople.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage
Weproposetofurnishourownhouseaccordingtoourowntaste.
1.Ifyouwanttostayyoungsitdownandhaveagoodthink.ThisistheresearchfindingofateamofJapanesedoctorswhosaythatmostofourbrainsarenotgettingenoughexercise--andasaresultweareageingunnecessarilysoon.2.ProfessorTaijuMatsuzawawantedtofindoutwhyotherwisehealthyfarmersinnorthernJapanappearedtobelosingtheirabilitytothinkandreasonatarelativelyearlyageandhowtheprocessofageingcouldbesloweddown.3.WithateamofcolleaguesatTokyoNationalUniversityhesetaboutmeasuringbrainvolumesofathousandpeopleofdifferentagesandvaryingoccupations.4.Computertechnologyenabledtheresearcherstoobtainprecisemeasurementsofthevolumeofthefrontandsidesectionsofthebrainwhichrelatetointellect智能andemotionanddeterminethehumancharacter.Therearsectionofthebrainwhichcontrolsfunctionslikeeatingandbreathingdoesnotcontractwithageandonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.5.Contractionoffrontandsideparts--ascellsdieoff--wasobservedinsomesubjectsintheirthirtiesbutitwasstillnotevidentinsomesixtyandseventy-year-olds.6.Matsuzawaconcludedfromhisteststhatthereisasimpleremedytothecontractionnormallyassociatedwithage--usingthehead.7.Thefindingsshowingeneraltermsthatcontractionofthebrainbeginssoonerinpeopleinthecountrythaninthetowns.ThoseleastatrisksaysMatuzawaarelawyersfollowedbyuniversityprofessorsanddoctors.Whitecollarworkersdoingroutineworkingovernmentofficesarehoweveraslikelytohaveshrinkingbrainsasthefarmworkerbusdriverandshopassistant.8.Matsuzawa’sfindingsshowthatthinkingcanpreventthebrainfromshrinking.Bloodmustcirculateproperlyintheheadtosupplythefreshoxygenthebrainceilsneed.ThebestwaytomaintaingoodbloodcirculationisthroughusingthebrainhesaysThinkhardandengageinconversation.Don’trelyonpocketcalculators./Matsuzawawantedtofindouttheprocessofageingcouldbe______.
DorotheaDixlefthomeatanearlyage-ofherownfreewill-tolivewithhergrand-mother.AtfourteenDorotheawasteachingschoolatWorcesterMassachusetts.Ashorttimeaftershehadbegunteachingsheestablishedaschoolforyounggirlsinhergrandparents’home.StresswasplacedonmoralcharacteratDorothea’sschoolwhichsheconducteduntilshewasthirty-three.Shewasforcedtogiveupteachingathergrandparents’homehoweverwhenshebecameill.Afewyearsofinactivityfollowed.In1841DorotheabegantoteachagainacceptingaSundayschoolclassintheEastCambridgeMassachusettsjail.Hereshefirstcameuponinsanepeoplelockeduptogetherwithcriminals.Inthosedaysinsanepeopleweretreatedevenworsethancriminals.Therewereonlyafewasylums精神病院intheentirecountry.Thereforejailspoorhousesandhousesofcorrectionwereusedtoconfinetheinsane.DorotheaDixmadeacarefulinvestigationoftheinhumantreatmentoftheinsane.Itwasconsideredunfeminine不适合女性的forawomantodevoteherselftosuchworkatthistime.ButthisdidnotstopDorotheaDixinhereffortstoprovidepropermedicalcarefortheinsane.Graduallybecauseofherinvestigationsconditionswereimproved.Morethanthirtymentalinstitutionswerefoundedorre-establishedintheUnitedStatedbecauseofherefforts.DorotheaalsoextendedherinvestigationstoEnglandandtootherpartsofEurope.DuringtheCivilWarDorotheaservedassuperintendent管理人ofwomenhospitalnursesintheUnionarmy.Whenthewarwasovershereturnedtoherworkofimprovingconditionsforinsanepeople.HowaretheeventsofDorotheaDix’slifepresentedinthepassage
AninternationalteamofresearchscientistshascreatedanewkindofricethatcontainsVitaminA.Theresearchersusedgeneticengineeringtocreatethenewrice.Geneticengineeringisthetechnologyofchangingthegenesoflivingthings.TheresearcherssaythericecouldhelpmillionsofpeoplewhodonotgetenoughVitaminAinthefoodtheyeat.ThefindingswerepublishedinSciencemagazine.VitaminAisnecessaryforthebody’snaturaldefensesystemagainstdisease.VitaminAisneededtohelppreventskinandothertissuesfromdryingout.Italsoproducesalight-sensitivesubstanceintheeyes.PeoplewhodonotgetenoughVitaminAcannotseewellinthedark.Theymaydevelopaconditionthatdriestheeyes.Theconditioncanresultininfectionsthatleadtoblindness.AlackofVitaminAisamajorcauseofblindnessamongchildren.Healthexpertsestimatethat124millionchildrenaroundtheworlddonoteatenoughfoodswithVitaminA.VitaminAisfoundinfishliveroilandintheyellowpartofeggs.VegetablessuchascarrotsandsweetpotatoescontainbetacaroteneasubstancethatthebodychangesintoVitaminA.PublichealthcampaignstoprovideVitaminAtothosewhoneedithaveprovedcostly.Andtheyarenotalwayseffective.Thathasledresearcherstotrytocreatefoodswiththevitamin.Riceisoneofthemostcommoncropsgrownworldwide.HowevernormalricelacksVitaminA.ResearchersatalaboratoryinSwitzerlandfoundawaytochangethegeneticmaterialofrice.Theyaddedthreegenestotherice.ThegenesproducebetacarotenethechemicalthatourbodieschangeintoVitaminA.Thenewricehasagoldenyellowcolor.Theresearcherssay200gramsofthericehaveenoughbetacarotenetoprovidethenecessaryamountofVitaminA.BiologistMaryLouGuerinotofDartmouthCollegewroteacommentarypublishedwiththereportinsciencemagazine.Shesaidthericeisanexcellentexampleofthegoodthingsthatcanbedonewithgeneticengineering.Howevercriticsofgeneticengineeringarguethatchangingplantgenescouldincreaseriskstohumanhealthortheenvironment.WithVitaminApeoplewon’tgetanydiseases.
Ithasbeenarguedthataninfantunderthreewhoiscaredforoutsidethehomemaysufferbecauseoftheseparationfromhisparents.TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbymaintainsthatseparationfromtheparentsduringthesensitiveattachmentperiodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityandpredisposetoemotionalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby’sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforetheageofthreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitentailsandmanypeopledobelievethis.Buttherearealsoargumentsagainstsuchastrongconclusion.Firstlyanthropologistspointoutthatthesecludedloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.ForexamplewesawearlierthatamongtheNgonithefatherandmotherofachilddidnotreartheirinfantalone--farfromit.Buttraditionalsocietiesaresodifferentfrommodernsocietiesthatcomparisonsbasedonjustonefactorarehardtointerpret.Secondlycommonsensetellsusthatdaycarewouldnotbesowidespreadtodayifparentscaretakersorpediatriciansfoundthatchildrenhadproblemswithit.ButBowlby’sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatearlydaycarehasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadtosaymorementalillnessorcrime15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Statisticalstudiesofthiskindhavenotyetbeencarriedoutandeveniftheyweretheresultswouldbecertaintobecomplicatedandcontroversial.ThirdlyinthelastdecadetherehavebeenanumberofcarefulAmericanstudiesofchildrenindaycareandtheyhaveuniformlyreportedthatdaycarehadaneutralofslightlypositiveeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.Butteststhathavehadtobeusedtomeasurethisdevelopmentarenotwidelyenoughacceptedtosettletheissue.Anthropologistsbelievedifferencesbetweentraditionalandmodernsocietiesarethatintheoldsociety______.
AninternationalteamofresearchscientistshascreatedanewkindofricethatcontainsVitaminA.Theresearchersusedgeneticengineeringtocreatethenewrice.Geneticengineeringisthetechnologyofchangingthegenesoflivingthings.TheresearcherssaythericecouldhelpmillionsofpeoplewhodonotgetenoughVitaminAinthefoodtheyeat.ThefindingswerepublishedinSciencemagazine.VitaminAisnecessaryforthebody’snaturaldefensesystemagainstdisease.VitaminAisneededtohelppreventskinandothertissuesfromdryingout.Italsoproducesalight-sensitivesubstanceintheeyes.PeoplewhodonotgetenoughVitaminAcannotseewellinthedark.Theymaydevelopaconditionthatdriestheeyes.Theconditioncanresultininfectionsthatleadtoblindness.AlackofVitaminAisamajorcauseofblindnessamongchildren.Healthexpertsestimatethat124millionchildrenaroundtheworlddonoteatenoughfoodswithVitaminA.VitaminAisfoundinfishliveroilandintheyellowpartofeggs.VegetablessuchascarrotsandsweetpotatoescontainbetacaroteneasubstancethatthebodychangesintoVitaminA.PublichealthcampaignstoprovideVitaminAtothosewhoneedithaveprovedcostly.Andtheyarenotalwayseffective.Thathasledresearcherstotrytocreatefoodswiththevitamin.Riceisoneofthemostcommoncropsgrownworldwide.HowevernormalricelacksVitaminA.ResearchersatalaboratoryinSwitzerlandfoundawaytochangethegeneticmaterialofrice.Theyaddedthreegenestotherice.ThegenesproducebetacarotenethechemicalthatourbodieschangeintoVitaminA.Thenewricehasagoldenyellowcolor.Theresearcherssay200gramsofthericehaveenoughbetacarotenetoprovidethenecessaryamountofVitaminA.BiologistMaryLouGuerinotofDartmouthCollegewroteacommentarypublishedwiththereportinsciencemagazine.Shesaidthericeisanexcellentexampleofthegoodthingsthatcanbedonewithgeneticengineering.Howevercriticsofgeneticengineeringarguethatchangingplantgenescouldincreaseriskstohumanhealthortheenvironment.VitaminAcanbefoundinfishandeggs.
IsmokeformyhealthIdeclaredinanewspaperarticlepublishedin1979.46.Ireasonedthatsmokingmademecoughandthuspreventedpneumonia肺炎;smokingmademyheartgofasterandeliminatedtheneedforspecialexercise;smokingrestrainedmyappetiteandkeptmetrim.Andthenat51Ihadaheartattack.Iknewtheriskfactorsforearlyheartattacksincludehypertensiondiabetes糖尿病andafamilyhistoryofheartdiseasehighblood-cholesterol胆固醇levelsandsmoking.47.Strangehowtheevidencethatlinkedsmokingtoheartdiseaseappeareduncleartomeandhowthesamedatanowappearoverwhelminglyconvincing.WhystopnowSmokerswhostopaftertheirfirstheartattackhavean80-percentchanceoflivingtenmoreyears--48.AsasmokerIalwaysresentedthefactthatwesmokersreceivedonlyscornfromnon-smokers.Howcouldnon-smokersknowthatsmokingwashadforthehealthiftherewerenosmokerstoproveitBeingamemberoftheexperimentalgroupratherthanthecontrolgroupdeservesacertainmeasureofsocialappreciation.I’vedonemytime.I’mnowreadytobeacontrol.Inolongersmokeformyhealth.Myhealthcan’tstandthehelp.WillImissthelate-nighttripstofindastorethat’sstillopenandsellingcigarettesWillImisssearchingthroughashtrays烟灰缸tofindthelongestbutt烟蒂thatisstillsmokableOnlytimewilltell.Notsmokingmaygivemethetimetofindout.49Sure.Hereisallyouhavetodo.Firstexperienceaseverecrushingpainunderyourbreastboneasyoufinishacigarette.Nexthaveyourselfadmittedtoacoronary-care心脏康复unitandbestrippedofyourclothingandbelongings.Finallyremainintheunitatabsolutebedrestforfourdayswhilesmokingisforbidden.Thisbrokemyhabit50A.WasiteasytostopB.iftheydon’ta60percentchance.C.Seeifitworksforyou.D.Allthesmokersfindit’shardtostop.E.SinceIamadoctorthisadviceattractedamusedattention.F.ThefirstfourwereinmyfavourbutIchosetosmok
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TheBritishpoliticalsystemhasevolvedoverseveralcenturies.
Thebooksinterestbusinessmenprofoundly.
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