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? ?阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每...
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1
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? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～4段每段选
? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选
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MaleandFemalepilotscauseaccidentsdifferently MalepilotsflyinggeneralaviationprivateaircraftintheUnitedStatesaremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecisionmakingwhilefemalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft.ThesearetheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversityBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth. Thestudyidentifiesthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsintermsofcircumstancesofthecrashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.Crashesofgeneralaviationaircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviationdeathsintheUnitedStates.ThecrashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicledriversexceedsthatofcrashesoffemalepilotsexplainsSusanP.BakerMPHprofessorofhealthpolicyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Becausepilotyouthandinexperienceareestablishedcontributorstoaviationcrasheswefocusedononlymaturepilotstodeterminethegenderdifferencesinthereasonsforthecrash. Theresearchersextracteddataforthisstudyfromalargeresearchprojectonpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedataweregatheredfromgeneralaviationcrashesofairplanesandhelicoptersbetween1983and1997involving144femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40-63.Femalepilotswerematchedwithmalepilotsina1:2ratiobyageclassesofmedicalandpilotcertificatesstateorareaofcrashandyearofcrash.Thenthecircumstancesofthecrashesandthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorizedandcodedwithoutknowledgeofpilotgender. Theresearchersfoundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthemostcommoncircumstanceforbothsexesleadingto59percentoffemalepilots’crashesand36percentofmales’’.Experiencingmechanicalfailurerunningoutoffuelandlandingtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthefactorsmorelikelywithmaleswhilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales. Themajorityofthecrashes—95percentforfemalesand88percentformales—involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkineticswasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexesbutwasmorecommonamongfemalesaccountingfor81percentofthecrashesthanmalesaccountingfor48percent.Maleshoweverappearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoordecision-makingrisk-takingandinattentivenessexamplesofwhichincludemisjudgingweatherandvisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect.Femalesthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraftweregenerallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts. inattention/n.疏忽 aviation/n.航空 flawed/adj.有缺陷的 mishandle/v.瞎弄乱处理 MPHMasterofPublicHealth公共卫生硕士 gender/n.性性别 runout耗尽用完 stallv.飞机失速发动机熄火 kinetics/n.动力学 Inthecomparisonoffemaleandmalepilots______.
Nurses Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalworkers.Fromtheangleofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallytrained.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Thenursingstaffinahospitalisusuallyquitelargeandvarious.Nursingservicesafterallmustbeprovidedona24-hourbasis.Thereareprofessional专业的nursespracticalnursesnursesaidsandorderlies勤杂工.Thegeneraltermnursereferstoapersontrainedtoofferbedsidecaretosickpersons. Underthesupervision管理oftheheadnursethenursingstaffinahospitalwardmustattendtopatients’’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeighthoursinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotate轮换theirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenursesstation. Anursemustalwaysbeonherguard.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationsbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Thenurse’sstationistheonlyplacewherenursesinahospitalwardcanbefound.
MaleandFemalepilotscauseaccidentsdifferently MalepilotsflyinggeneralaviationprivateaircraftintheUnitedStatesaremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecisionmakingwhilefemalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft.ThesearetheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversityBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth. Thestudyidentifiesthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsintermsofcircumstancesofthecrashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.Crashesofgeneralaviationaircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviationdeathsintheUnitedStates.ThecrashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicledriversexceedsthatofcrashesoffemalepilotsexplainsSusanP.BakerMPHprofessorofhealthpolicyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Becausepilotyouthandinexperienceareestablishedcontributorstoaviationcrasheswefocusedononlymaturepilotstodeterminethegenderdifferencesinthereasonsforthecrash. Theresearchersextracteddataforthisstudyfromalargeresearchprojectonpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedataweregatheredfromgeneralaviationcrashesofairplanesandhelicoptersbetween1983and1997involving144femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40-63.Femalepilotswerematchedwithmalepilotsina1:2ratiobyageclassesofmedicalandpilotcertificatesstateorareaofcrashandyearofcrash.Thenthecircumstancesofthecrashesandthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorizedandcodedwithoutknowledgeofpilotgender. Theresearchersfoundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthemostcommoncircumstanceforbothsexesleadingto59percentoffemalepilots’crashesand36percentofmales’’.Experiencingmechanicalfailurerunningoutoffuelandlandingtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthefactorsmorelikelywithmaleswhilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales. Themajorityofthecrashes—95percentforfemalesand88percentformales—involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkineticswasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexesbutwasmorecommonamongfemalesaccountingfor81percentofthecrashesthanmalesaccountingfor48percent.Maleshoweverappearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoordecision-makingrisk-takingandinattentivenessexamplesofwhichincludemisjudgingweatherandvisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect.Femalesthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraftweregenerallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts. inattention/n.疏忽 aviation/n.航空 flawed/adj.有缺陷的 mishandle/v.瞎弄乱处理 MPHMasterofPublicHealth公共卫生硕士 gender/n.性性别 runout耗尽用完 stallv.飞机失速发动机熄火 kinetics/n.动力学 Howdidtheresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?
Istheclockinthetoweraccurate?
IcyroadsandpoorvisibilityarefamiliarhazardsintheMidwest.
DefectiveGenesandHumanHealth Eachofuscarriesabouthalfadozendefective有缺点的genes.Weremainblissfully快乐地unawareofthisfactunlessweoroneofourcloserelativesareamongstthemanymillionswhosufferfromageneticdisease.Aboutoneintenpeoplehasorwilldevelopatsomelaterstageaninherited遗传的geneticdisorderandapproximately2800specificconditionsareknowntobecausedbydefectsmutationsinjustoneofthepatient’’sgenes.Somesinglegenedisordersarequitecommon-—cystic胞状的fibrosis纤维化isfoundinoneoutofevery2500babiesbornintheWesternWorld—andintotaldiseasesthatcanbetracedtosinglegenedefectsaccountforabout5%ofalladmissionstochildren’’shospitals. Mostofusdonotsufferanyharmfuleffectsfromourdefectivegenesbecausewecarrytwocopiesofnearlyallgenesonederivedfromourmotherandtheotherfromourfather.Theonlyexceptionstothisrulearethegenesfoundonthemalesexchromosomes染色体MaleshaveoneXandoneYchromosometheformerfromthemotherandthelatterfromthefathersoeachcellhasonlyonecopyofthegenesonthesechromosomes.Inthemajorityofcasesonenormalgeneissufficienttoavoidallthesymptomsofdisease.Ifthepotentiallyharmfulgeneisrecessive后退的thenitsnormalcounterpart配对的willcarryoutallthetasksassignedtoboth.Onlyifweinheritfromourparentstwocopiesofthesamerecessivegenewilladiseasedevelop. Ontheotherhandifthegeneisdominant显性的italonecanproducethediseaseevenifitscounterpartisnormal.Clearlyonlythechildrenofaparentwiththediseasecanbeaffectedandthenaverageonlyhalfthechildrenwillbeaffected.Huntington’’schorea舞蹈病aseverediseaseofthenervoussystemwhichbecomesapparentonlyinadulthoodisanexampleofadominantgeneticdisease. FinallytherearetheXchromosome-linkedgeneticdiseases.Asmaleshaveonlyonecopyofthegenesfromthischromosometherearenoothersavailabletofulfillthedefectivegene’’sfunction.ExamplesofsuchdiseasesareDuchennemusculardystrophy营养不良andperhapsmostwellknownofallhemophilia血友病. QueenVictoriawasacarrierofthedefectivegeneresponsibleforhemophiliaandthroughheritwastransmittedtotheroyalfamiliesofRussiaSpainandPrussia.MinorcutsandbruiseswhichwoulddolittleharmtomostpeoplecanprovefataltohemophiliacswholacktheproteinsFactorsVIIIandIV凝血因子VIII和IVinvolvedintheclotting血凝结ofbloodwhicharecodedforbythedefectivegenes.Sadlybeforetheseproteinsweremadeavailablethroughgeneticengineeringhemophiliacsweretreatedwithproteinsisolatedfromhumanblood.Someofthisbloodwascontaminated污损withtheAIDSvirusandhasresultedintragic悲惨的consequencesformanyhemophiliacs.Useofgeneticallyengineeredproteinsintherapeuticapplicationsratherthanbloodproductswillavoidtheseproblemsinthefuture. Notalldefectivegenesnecessarilyproducedetrimental有害的effectssincetheenvironmentinwhichthegeneoperatesisalsoofimportance.Aclassicexampleofageneticdiseasehavingabeneficialeffectonsurvivalisillustratedbytherelationshipbetweensickle-cell镶形血球anemia贫血症andmalaria疟病.Onlyindividualshavingtwocopiesofthesickle-cellgeneandonenormalgeneareunaffectedandmoreimportantlyareabletoresistinfection传染bymalarialparasites寄生虫.Theclearadvantageinthiscaseofhavingonedefectivegeneexplainswhythisgeneiscommoninpopulationsinthoseareasoftheworldwheremalariaisendemic特有的. WhichofthefollowingstatementsongenesanddiseasesisNOTTRUE?
DefectiveGenesandHumanHealth Eachofuscarriesabouthalfadozendefective有缺点的genes.Weremainblissfully快乐地unawareofthisfactunlessweoroneofourcloserelativesareamongstthemanymillionswhosufferfromageneticdisease.Aboutoneintenpeoplehasorwilldevelopatsomelaterstageaninherited遗传的geneticdisorderandapproximately2800specificconditionsareknowntobecausedbydefectsmutationsinjustoneofthepatient’’sgenes.Somesinglegenedisordersarequitecommon-—cystic胞状的fibrosis纤维化isfoundinoneoutofevery2500babiesbornintheWesternWorld—andintotaldiseasesthatcanbetracedtosinglegenedefectsaccountforabout5%ofalladmissionstochildren’’shospitals. Mostofusdonotsufferanyharmfuleffectsfromourdefectivegenesbecausewecarrytwocopiesofnearlyallgenesonederivedfromourmotherandtheotherfromourfather.Theonlyexceptionstothisrulearethegenesfoundonthemalesexchromosomes染色体MaleshaveoneXandoneYchromosometheformerfromthemotherandthelatterfromthefathersoeachcellhasonlyonecopyofthegenesonthesechromosomes.Inthemajorityofcasesonenormalgeneissufficienttoavoidallthesymptomsofdisease.Ifthepotentiallyharmfulgeneisrecessive后退的thenitsnormalcounterpart配对的willcarryoutallthetasksassignedtoboth.Onlyifweinheritfromourparentstwocopiesofthesamerecessivegenewilladiseasedevelop. Ontheotherhandifthegeneisdominant显性的italonecanproducethediseaseevenifitscounterpartisnormal.Clearlyonlythechildrenofaparentwiththediseasecanbeaffectedandthenaverageonlyhalfthechildrenwillbeaffected.Huntington’’schorea舞蹈病aseverediseaseofthenervoussystemwhichbecomesapparentonlyinadulthoodisanexampleofadominantgeneticdisease. FinallytherearetheXchromosome-linkedgeneticdiseases.Asmaleshaveonlyonecopyofthegenesfromthischromosometherearenoothersavailabletofulfillthedefectivegene’’sfunction.ExamplesofsuchdiseasesareDuchennemusculardystrophy营养不良andperhapsmostwellknownofallhemophilia血友病. QueenVictoriawasacarrierofthedefectivegeneresponsibleforhemophiliaandthroughheritwastransmittedtotheroyalfamiliesofRussiaSpainandPrussia.MinorcutsandbruiseswhichwoulddolittleharmtomostpeoplecanprovefataltohemophiliacswholacktheproteinsFactorsVIIIandIV凝血因子VIII和IVinvolvedintheclotting血凝结ofbloodwhicharecodedforbythedefectivegenes.Sadlybeforetheseproteinsweremadeavailablethroughgeneticengineeringhemophiliacsweretreatedwithproteinsisolatedfromhumanblood.Someofthisbloodwascontaminated污损withtheAIDSvirusandhasresultedintragic悲惨的consequencesformanyhemophiliacs.Useofgeneticallyengineeredproteinsintherapeuticapplicationsratherthanbloodproductswillavoidtheseproblemsinthefuture. Notalldefectivegenesnecessarilyproducedetrimental有害的effectssincetheenvironmentinwhichthegeneoperatesisalsoofimportance.Aclassicexampleofageneticdiseasehavingabeneficialeffectonsurvivalisillustratedbytherelationshipbetweensickle-cell镶形血球anemia贫血症andmalaria疟病.Onlyindividualshavingtwocopiesofthesickle-cellgeneandonenormalgeneareunaffectedandmoreimportantlyareabletoresistinfection传染bymalarialparasites寄生虫.Theclearadvantageinthiscaseofhavingonedefectivegeneexplainswhythisgeneiscommoninpopulationsinthoseareasoftheworldwheremalariaisendemic特有的. Wecaninferfrompara.4that______.
Insomeculturespeoplewhowerethoughttohavetheabilitytoexplaindreamswerelikelytobehighlyrespected.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}TheGreatNewspaper War{{/B}}??Upuntilabout100yearsagonewspapersintheUnited Statesappealedonlytothemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationsand thearticleswere{{U}}?51?{{/U}}politicsorbusiness.? ?Twomen{{U}}?52?{{/U}}that--JosephPulitzeroftheNewYork WorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkMorningJournal.Pulitzer{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorldin1883.Hechangeditfroma traditionalnewspaperintoavery??{{U}}?54?{{/U}}one overnight一夜之间.He{{U}}?55?{{/U}}lotsofillustrationsandcartoons. Andhetoldhisreporterstowritearticleson{{U}}?56?{{/U}}crimeor scandaltheycouldfind.Andtheydid.Oneofthemevenpretendedshewascrazy andthenshewas{{U}}?57?{{/U}}toamentalhospital.Shethenwrotea seriesofarticlesaboutthepoor{{U}}?58?{{/U}}ofpatientsinthose hospitals.??In1895Hearst{{U}}?59?{{/U}}toNewYork fromCalifornia.HewantedtheNewYorkMorningJournaltobemoresensational 轰动的andmoreexciting{{U}}?60?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorld.Healso wantedittobecheapersohe{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thepricebyapenny. Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisheadlineswerebiggerthan{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}.HeoftensaidBigprintmakesbignews.??Pulitzer andHearstdidanythingthey{{U}}?63?{{/U}}tosellnewspapers.For exampleHearstsentFredericRemingtonthefamousillustrator插图画家to{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}picturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegottherehe toldHearstthatnofightingwas{{U}}?65?{{/U}}.HearstansweredYou furnish提供thepictures.I’llfurnishthe war.
Thegreatcastlesofthekingwerewithoutbathingfacilities.
DefectiveGenesandHumanHealth Eachofuscarriesabouthalfadozendefective有缺点的genes.Weremainblissfully快乐地unawareofthisfactunlessweoroneofourcloserelativesareamongstthemanymillionswhosufferfromageneticdisease.Aboutoneintenpeoplehasorwilldevelopatsomelaterstageaninherited遗传的geneticdisorderandapproximately2800specificconditionsareknowntobecausedbydefectsmutationsinjustoneofthepatient’’sgenes.Somesinglegenedisordersarequitecommon-—cystic胞状的fibrosis纤维化isfoundinoneoutofevery2500babiesbornintheWesternWorld—andintotaldiseasesthatcanbetracedtosinglegenedefectsaccountforabout5%ofalladmissionstochildren’’shospitals. Mostofusdonotsufferanyharmfuleffectsfromourdefectivegenesbecausewecarrytwocopiesofnearlyallgenesonederivedfromourmotherandtheotherfromourfather.Theonlyexceptionstothisrulearethegenesfoundonthemalesexchromosomes染色体MaleshaveoneXandoneYchromosometheformerfromthemotherandthelatterfromthefathersoeachcellhasonlyonecopyofthegenesonthesechromosomes.Inthemajorityofcasesonenormalgeneissufficienttoavoidallthesymptomsofdisease.Ifthepotentiallyharmfulgeneisrecessive后退的thenitsnormalcounterpart配对的willcarryoutallthetasksassignedtoboth.Onlyifweinheritfromourparentstwocopiesofthesamerecessivegenewilladiseasedevelop. Ontheotherhandifthegeneisdominant显性的italonecanproducethediseaseevenifitscounterpartisnormal.Clearlyonlythechildrenofaparentwiththediseasecanbeaffectedandthenaverageonlyhalfthechildrenwillbeaffected.Huntington’’schorea舞蹈病aseverediseaseofthenervoussystemwhichbecomesapparentonlyinadulthoodisanexampleofadominantgeneticdisease. FinallytherearetheXchromosome-linkedgeneticdiseases.Asmaleshaveonlyonecopyofthegenesfromthischromosometherearenoothersavailabletofulfillthedefectivegene’’sfunction.ExamplesofsuchdiseasesareDuchennemusculardystrophy营养不良andperhapsmostwellknownofallhemophilia血友病. QueenVictoriawasacarrierofthedefectivegeneresponsibleforhemophiliaandthroughheritwastransmittedtotheroyalfamiliesofRussiaSpainandPrussia.MinorcutsandbruiseswhichwoulddolittleharmtomostpeoplecanprovefataltohemophiliacswholacktheproteinsFactorsVIIIandIV凝血因子VIII和IVinvolvedintheclotting血凝结ofbloodwhicharecodedforbythedefectivegenes.Sadlybeforetheseproteinsweremadeavailablethroughgeneticengineeringhemophiliacsweretreatedwithproteinsisolatedfromhumanblood.Someofthisbloodwascontaminated污损withtheAIDSvirusandhasresultedintragic悲惨的consequencesformanyhemophiliacs.Useofgeneticallyengineeredproteinsintherapeuticapplicationsratherthanbloodproductswillavoidtheseproblemsinthefuture. Notalldefectivegenesnecessarilyproducedetrimental有害的effectssincetheenvironmentinwhichthegeneoperatesisalsoofimportance.Aclassicexampleofageneticdiseasehavingabeneficialeffectonsurvivalisillustratedbytherelationshipbetweensickle-cell镶形血球anemia贫血症andmalaria疟病.Onlyindividualshavingtwocopiesofthesickle-cellgeneandonenormalgeneareunaffectedandmoreimportantlyareabletoresistinfection传染bymalarialparasites寄生虫.Theclearadvantageinthiscaseofhavingonedefectivegeneexplainswhythisgeneiscommoninpopulationsinthoseareasoftheworldwheremalariaisendemic特有的. thediseasepara.7refersto______.
Theydebatedforhoursbutcouldnotagreeonananswer.
MaleandFemalepilotscauseaccidentsdifferently MalepilotsflyinggeneralaviationprivateaircraftintheUnitedStatesaremorelikelytocrashduetoinattentionorflaweddecisionmakingwhilefemalepilotsaremorelikelytocrashfrommishandlingtheaircraft.ThesearetheresultsofastudybyresearchersattheJohnsHopkinsUniversityBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth. Thestudyidentifiesthedifferencesbetweenmaleandfemalepilotsintermsofcircumstancesofthecrashandthetypeofpilotserrorinvolved.Crashesofgeneralaviationaircraftaccountfor85percentofallaviationdeathsintheUnitedStates.ThecrashrateformalepilotsasformotorvehicledriversexceedsthatofcrashesoffemalepilotsexplainsSusanP.BakerMPHprofessorofhealthpolicyandmanagementattheBloombergSchoolofPublicHealth.Becausepilotyouthandinexperienceareestablishedcontributorstoaviationcrasheswefocusedononlymaturepilotstodeterminethegenderdifferencesinthereasonsforthecrash. Theresearchersextracteddataforthisstudyfromalargeresearchprojectonpilotagingandflightsafety.Thedataweregatheredfromgeneralaviationcrashesofairplanesandhelicoptersbetween1983and1997involving144femalepilotsand267malepilotsaged40-63.Femalepilotswerematchedwithmalepilotsina1:2ratiobyageclassesofmedicalandpilotcertificatesstateorareaofcrashandyearofcrash.Thenthecircumstancesofthecrashesandthepiloterrorinvolvedwerecategorizedandcodedwithoutknowledgeofpilotgender. Theresearchersfoundthatlossofcontrolonlandingortakeoffwasthemostcommoncircumstanceforbothsexesleadingto59percentoffemalepilots’crashesand36percentofmales’’.Experiencingmechanicalfailurerunningoutoffuelandlandingtheplanewiththelandinggearupwereamongthefactorsmorelikelywithmaleswhilestallingwasmorelikelywithfemales. Themajorityofthecrashes—95percentforfemalesand88percentformales—involvedatleastonetypeofpiloterror.Mishandlingaircraftkineticswasthemostcommonerrorforbothsexesbutwasmorecommonamongfemalesaccountingfor81percentofthecrashesthanmalesaccountingfor48percent.Maleshoweverappearedmorelikelytobeguiltyofpoordecision-makingrisk-takingandinattentivenessexamplesofwhichincludemisjudgingweatherandvisibilityorflyinganaircraftwithaknowndefect.Femalesthoughmorelikelytomishandleorlosecontroloftheaircraftweregenerallymorecarefulthantheirmalecounterparts. inattention/n.疏忽 aviation/n.航空 flawed/adj.有缺陷的 mishandle/v.瞎弄乱处理 MPHMasterofPublicHealth公共卫生硕士 gender/n.性性别 runout耗尽用完 stallv.飞机失速发动机熄火 kinetics/n.动力学 WhatistheresearchatJohnsHopkinsUniversityabout?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}TheGreatNewspaper War{{/B}}??Upuntilabout100yearsagonewspapersintheUnited Statesappealedonlytothemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationsand thearticleswere{{U}}?51?{{/U}}politicsorbusiness.? ?Twomen{{U}}?52?{{/U}}that--JosephPulitzeroftheNewYork WorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkMorningJournal.Pulitzer{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorldin1883.Hechangeditfroma traditionalnewspaperintoavery??{{U}}?54?{{/U}}one overnight一夜之间.He{{U}}?55?{{/U}}lotsofillustrationsandcartoons. Andhetoldhisreporterstowritearticleson{{U}}?56?{{/U}}crimeor scandaltheycouldfind.Andtheydid.Oneofthemevenpretendedshewascrazy andthenshewas{{U}}?57?{{/U}}toamentalhospital.Shethenwrotea seriesofarticlesaboutthepoor{{U}}?58?{{/U}}ofpatientsinthose hospitals.??In1895Hearst{{U}}?59?{{/U}}toNewYork fromCalifornia.HewantedtheNewYorkMorningJournaltobemoresensational 轰动的andmoreexciting{{U}}?60?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorld.Healso wantedittobecheapersohe{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thepricebyapenny. Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisheadlineswerebiggerthan{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}.HeoftensaidBigprintmakesbignews.??Pulitzer andHearstdidanythingthey{{U}}?63?{{/U}}tosellnewspapers.For exampleHearstsentFredericRemingtonthefamousillustrator插图画家to{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}picturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegottherehe toldHearstthatnofightingwas{{U}}?65?{{/U}}.HearstansweredYou furnish提供thepictures.I’llfurnishthe war.
Throughaprocedureknownastime-sharingonelargecomputercanbeemployedsimultaneouslybylotsofsmallusers.
Nurses Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalworkers.Fromtheangleofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallytrained.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Thenursingstaffinahospitalisusuallyquitelargeandvarious.Nursingservicesafterallmustbeprovidedona24-hourbasis.Thereareprofessional专业的nursespracticalnursesnursesaidsandorderlies勤杂工.Thegeneraltermnursereferstoapersontrainedtoofferbedsidecaretosickpersons. Underthesupervision管理oftheheadnursethenursingstaffinahospitalwardmustattendtopatients’’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeighthoursinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotate轮换theirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenursesstation. Anursemustalwaysbeonherguard.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationsbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Nursesoftenearnasmuchmoneyasphysiciansdobecausetheytendtoworklongdaysandatoddhours.
NaturalMedicines Sinceearliestdayshumanshaveusedsomekindsofmedicines.Weknowthisbecausehumanshavesurvived.Ancienttreatmentsforinjuryanddiseaseweresuccessfulenoughtokeephumansfromdyingoutcompletely. Theyweresuccessfullongbeforethetimeofmodernmedicine.Beforethetimeofdoctorswithwhitecoatsandshiny发亮的instruments.Beforethetimeofbighospitalswithstrangeandwonderfulequipment. Manypartsoftheworldstilldonothaveuniversity-educateddoctors.Nordotheyhaveexpensivehospitals.Yetinjuriesaretreated.Anddiseasesareoftencured.How?Byancientmethods.Bymedicinesthatmightseemmysteriousevenmagical有魔力的.Traditionalmedicinesareneithermysteriousnormagicalhowever. Throughthecenturiestribal部落的medicinemenexperimentedwithplants.Theyfoundmanyusefulchemicalsintheplants.Andscientistsbelievemanyofthesetraditionalmedicinesmayprovidethecureforsomeoftoday’’smostseriousdiseases. Expertssayalmost80%ofthepeopleintheworlduseplantsforhealthcare.Thesenaturalmedicinesareusednotjustbecausepeoplehavenootherformoftreatment.Theyareusedbecausepeopletrustthem.Indevelopedareasfewpeoplethinkaboutthesourceofthemedicinestheybuyinastore.Yetmanywidely-usedmedicinesarefromancientsourcesespeciallyplants.Someexpertssaymorethan25%ofmodernmedicinescomeinonewayoranotherfromnature. Scientistshavelongknownthatnatureisreallyachemicalfactory.Alllivingthingscontainchemicalsthathelpthemsurvive.Soscientists’interestintraditionalmedicineisnotnew.Butithasbecomeanurgentconcern.Thisisbecausetheearth’’ssupplyofnaturalmedicinesmaybedroppingrapidly. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}TheGreatNewspaper War{{/B}}??Upuntilabout100yearsagonewspapersintheUnited Statesappealedonlytothemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationsand thearticleswere{{U}}?51?{{/U}}politicsorbusiness.? ?Twomen{{U}}?52?{{/U}}that--JosephPulitzeroftheNewYork WorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkMorningJournal.Pulitzer{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorldin1883.Hechangeditfroma traditionalnewspaperintoavery??{{U}}?54?{{/U}}one overnight一夜之间.He{{U}}?55?{{/U}}lotsofillustrationsandcartoons. Andhetoldhisreporterstowritearticleson{{U}}?56?{{/U}}crimeor scandaltheycouldfind.Andtheydid.Oneofthemevenpretendedshewascrazy andthenshewas{{U}}?57?{{/U}}toamentalhospital.Shethenwrotea seriesofarticlesaboutthepoor{{U}}?58?{{/U}}ofpatientsinthose hospitals.??In1895Hearst{{U}}?59?{{/U}}toNewYork fromCalifornia.HewantedtheNewYorkMorningJournaltobemoresensational 轰动的andmoreexciting{{U}}?60?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorld.Healso wantedittobecheapersohe{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thepricebyapenny. Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisheadlineswerebiggerthan{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}.HeoftensaidBigprintmakesbignews.??Pulitzer andHearstdidanythingthey{{U}}?63?{{/U}}tosellnewspapers.For exampleHearstsentFredericRemingtonthefamousillustrator插图画家to{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}picturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegottherehe toldHearstthatnofightingwas{{U}}?65?{{/U}}.HearstansweredYou furnish提供thepictures.I’llfurnishthe war.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}TheGreatNewspaper War{{/B}}??Upuntilabout100yearsagonewspapersintheUnited Statesappealedonlytothemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationsand thearticleswere{{U}}?51?{{/U}}politicsorbusiness.? ?Twomen{{U}}?52?{{/U}}that--JosephPulitzeroftheNewYork WorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkMorningJournal.Pulitzer{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorldin1883.Hechangeditfroma traditionalnewspaperintoavery??{{U}}?54?{{/U}}one overnight一夜之间.He{{U}}?55?{{/U}}lotsofillustrationsandcartoons. Andhetoldhisreporterstowritearticleson{{U}}?56?{{/U}}crimeor scandaltheycouldfind.Andtheydid.Oneofthemevenpretendedshewascrazy andthenshewas{{U}}?57?{{/U}}toamentalhospital.Shethenwrotea seriesofarticlesaboutthepoor{{U}}?58?{{/U}}ofpatientsinthose hospitals.??In1895Hearst{{U}}?59?{{/U}}toNewYork fromCalifornia.HewantedtheNewYorkMorningJournaltobemoresensational 轰动的andmoreexciting{{U}}?60?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorld.Healso wantedittobecheapersohe{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thepricebyapenny. Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisheadlineswerebiggerthan{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}.HeoftensaidBigprintmakesbignews.??Pulitzer andHearstdidanythingthey{{U}}?63?{{/U}}tosellnewspapers.For exampleHearstsentFredericRemingtonthefamousillustrator插图画家to{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}picturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegottherehe toldHearstthatnofightingwas{{U}}?65?{{/U}}.HearstansweredYou furnish提供thepictures.I’llfurnishthe war.
Sheundertakestoverifythetruesourceoftherumor.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}TheGreatNewspaper War{{/B}}??Upuntilabout100yearsagonewspapersintheUnited Statesappealedonlytothemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationsand thearticleswere{{U}}?51?{{/U}}politicsorbusiness.? ?Twomen{{U}}?52?{{/U}}that--JosephPulitzeroftheNewYork WorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkMorningJournal.Pulitzer{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorldin1883.Hechangeditfroma traditionalnewspaperintoavery??{{U}}?54?{{/U}}one overnight一夜之间.He{{U}}?55?{{/U}}lotsofillustrationsandcartoons. Andhetoldhisreporterstowritearticleson{{U}}?56?{{/U}}crimeor scandaltheycouldfind.Andtheydid.Oneofthemevenpretendedshewascrazy andthenshewas{{U}}?57?{{/U}}toamentalhospital.Shethenwrotea seriesofarticlesaboutthepoor{{U}}?58?{{/U}}ofpatientsinthose hospitals.??In1895Hearst{{U}}?59?{{/U}}toNewYork fromCalifornia.HewantedtheNewYorkMorningJournaltobemoresensational 轰动的andmoreexciting{{U}}?60?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorld.Healso wantedittobecheapersohe{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thepricebyapenny. Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisheadlineswerebiggerthan{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}.HeoftensaidBigprintmakesbignews.??Pulitzer andHearstdidanythingthey{{U}}?63?{{/U}}tosellnewspapers.For exampleHearstsentFredericRemingtonthefamousillustrator插图画家to{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}picturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegottherehe toldHearstthatnofightingwas{{U}}?65?{{/U}}.HearstansweredYou furnish提供thepictures.I’llfurnishthe war.
Nurses Thephysiciansinahospitalformthecoreofthemedicalstaff.Buttheycouldnotprovideeffectivemedicalcaretotheirpatientswithoutthehelpofnumerousothermedicalworkers.Fromtheangleofthepatientsthenursingstaffisparticularlyimportant.Nursesareusuallyinclosecontactwithpatientsaslongastheyareinthehospital. Anursedoesnotstudyforasmanyyearsasadoctor.Howevereachmustbeequallytrained.Caringforsickpersonsrequiresagreatdealofpatienceandconcern.Mostnursesworklongdaysandtheyoftenmustworkatoddhoursorduringthenight. Thenursingstaffinahospitalisusuallyquitelargeandvarious.Nursingservicesafterallmustbeprovidedona24-hourbasis.Thereareprofessional专业的nursespracticalnursesnursesaidsandorderlies勤杂工.Thegeneraltermnursereferstoapersontrainedtoofferbedsidecaretosickpersons. Underthesupervision管理oftheheadnursethenursingstaffinahospitalwardmustattendtopatients’’needs.Thisresponsibilitycontinuesaroundtheclockandsonursesmustworkinshifts.Ashiftisaperiodofdutyusuallyeighthoursinlength.Thenursesonthewardrotate轮换theirshifts.Sometaketurnsworkingnightduty;othersworkoddshifts.Allofthemworkoutofacentralareaonthewardcalledthenursesstation. Anursemustalwaysbeonherguard.Shecanneveraffordtobecareless.Thisistrueinallnursingsituationsbutitisespeciallytrueintheintensivecareunit.Patientsunderintensivecarearecriticallyillandtheymustbemonitoredatalltimes.Thenurseswhodointensivecaredutyhaveoneofthemostdemandingjobsinthehospital. Thenursesinahospitalusuallyspendmoretimewiththepatientsthanthephysicians.
NaturalMedicines Sinceearliestdayshumanshaveusedsomekindsofmedicines.Weknowthisbecausehumanshavesurvived.Ancienttreatmentsforinjuryanddiseaseweresuccessfulenoughtokeephumansfromdyingoutcompletely. Theyweresuccessfullongbeforethetimeofmodernmedicine.Beforethetimeofdoctorswithwhitecoatsandshiny发亮的instruments.Beforethetimeofbighospitalswithstrangeandwonderfulequipment. Manypartsoftheworldstilldonothaveuniversity-educateddoctors.Nordotheyhaveexpensivehospitals.Yetinjuriesaretreated.Anddiseasesareoftencured.How?Byancientmethods.Bymedicinesthatmightseemmysteriousevenmagical有魔力的.Traditionalmedicinesareneithermysteriousnormagicalhowever. Throughthecenturiestribal部落的medicinemenexperimentedwithplants.Theyfoundmanyusefulchemicalsintheplants.Andscientistsbelievemanyofthesetraditionalmedicinesmayprovidethecureforsomeoftoday’’smostseriousdiseases. Expertssayalmost80%ofthepeopleintheworlduseplantsforhealthcare.Thesenaturalmedicinesareusednotjustbecausepeoplehavenootherformoftreatment.Theyareusedbecausepeopletrustthem.Indevelopedareasfewpeoplethinkaboutthesourceofthemedicinestheybuyinastore.Yetmanywidely-usedmedicinesarefromancientsourcesespeciallyplants.Someexpertssaymorethan25%ofmodernmedicinescomeinonewayoranotherfromnature. Scientistshavelongknownthatnatureisreallyachemicalfactory.Alllivingthingscontainchemicalsthathelpthemsurvive.Soscientists’interestintraditionalmedicineisnotnew.Butithasbecomeanurgentconcern.Thisisbecausetheearth’’ssupplyofnaturalmedicinesmaybedroppingrapidly. Whatdothemajorityofthepeopleintheworlduseforhealthcare?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}TheGreatNewspaper War{{/B}}??Upuntilabout100yearsagonewspapersintheUnited Statesappealedonlytothemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationsand thearticleswere{{U}}?51?{{/U}}politicsorbusiness.? ?Twomen{{U}}?52?{{/U}}that--JosephPulitzeroftheNewYork WorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkMorningJournal.Pulitzer{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorldin1883.Hechangeditfroma traditionalnewspaperintoavery??{{U}}?54?{{/U}}one overnight一夜之间.He{{U}}?55?{{/U}}lotsofillustrationsandcartoons. Andhetoldhisreporterstowritearticleson{{U}}?56?{{/U}}crimeor scandaltheycouldfind.Andtheydid.Oneofthemevenpretendedshewascrazy andthenshewas{{U}}?57?{{/U}}toamentalhospital.Shethenwrotea seriesofarticlesaboutthepoor{{U}}?58?{{/U}}ofpatientsinthose hospitals.??In1895Hearst{{U}}?59?{{/U}}toNewYork fromCalifornia.HewantedtheNewYorkMorningJournaltobemoresensational 轰动的andmoreexciting{{U}}?60?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorld.Healso wantedittobecheapersohe{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thepricebyapenny. Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisheadlineswerebiggerthan{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}.HeoftensaidBigprintmakesbignews.??Pulitzer andHearstdidanythingthey{{U}}?63?{{/U}}tosellnewspapers.For exampleHearstsentFredericRemingtonthefamousillustrator插图画家to{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}picturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegottherehe toldHearstthatnofightingwas{{U}}?65?{{/U}}.HearstansweredYou furnish提供thepictures.I’llfurnishthe war.
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出了4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??????? ??????????? ??????{{B}}TheGreatNewspaper War{{/B}}??Upuntilabout100yearsagonewspapersintheUnited Statesappealedonlytothemostseriousreaders.Theyusednoillustrationsand thearticleswere{{U}}?51?{{/U}}politicsorbusiness.? ?Twomen{{U}}?52?{{/U}}that--JosephPulitzeroftheNewYork WorldandWilliamRandolphHearstoftheNewYorkMorningJournal.Pulitzer{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorldin1883.Hechangeditfroma traditionalnewspaperintoavery??{{U}}?54?{{/U}}one overnight一夜之间.He{{U}}?55?{{/U}}lotsofillustrationsandcartoons. Andhetoldhisreporterstowritearticleson{{U}}?56?{{/U}}crimeor scandaltheycouldfind.Andtheydid.Oneofthemevenpretendedshewascrazy andthenshewas{{U}}?57?{{/U}}toamentalhospital.Shethenwrotea seriesofarticlesaboutthepoor{{U}}?58?{{/U}}ofpatientsinthose hospitals.??In1895Hearst{{U}}?59?{{/U}}toNewYork fromCalifornia.HewantedtheNewYorkMorningJournaltobemoresensational 轰动的andmoreexciting{{U}}?60?{{/U}}theNewYorkWorld.Healso wantedittobecheapersohe{{U}}?61?{{/U}}thepricebyapenny. Hearstattractedattentionbecausehisheadlineswerebiggerthan{{U}}?62 ?{{/U}}.HeoftensaidBigprintmakesbignews.??Pulitzer andHearstdidanythingthey{{U}}?63?{{/U}}tosellnewspapers.For exampleHearstsentFredericRemingtonthefamousillustrator插图画家to{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}picturesoftheSpanish-AmericanWar.Whenhegottherehe toldHearstthatnofightingwas{{U}}?65?{{/U}}.HearstansweredYou furnish提供thepictures.I’llfurnishthe war.
RichardWagner RichardWagner1813~1883isregardedbymany【51】TheRevolutionistofOperawhodemolishedalloldformsandwhoreconstructedthemusicdrama【52】principlesentirelyhisown.Inthestrictest【53】thisbeliefisnotjustifiedforWagnersimplyreturnedtotheoldestversionofthemusicdrama.HefoundthattheidealconstructionoftheoperainFlorencehadbeentoproduceworkinwhichthemusicdramaandinterpretationshouldbe【54】equalimportance.WagnerstudiedthechangesandabuseswhichGluckhad【55】correctandfoundthattheopera【56】ofthenineteenthcenturyhad【57】backintomanyoftheoldcustomswiththeresultthattherewasnolongeracomplete【58】ofthethreefundamentalsofopera. WagnertellsusinhisautobiographythathisearlylifewasinfluencedbythedramasofShakespearthesymphoniesofBeethovenandtheoperasofVonWeber.HisfirstoperaswereconstructedonthelinesoftheFrenchgrandopera.Thefirsttwowereabsolutefailuresbutwiththe【59】ofRienziin1842Wagnerwasproclaimedtheequalifnotthesuperior【60】BelliniDonizettiandMeyerbeer.Inthewritingofthisworkhehaddiscoveredthedramaticabsurditiesoftheform【61】inhisnextworkTheFlyingDutchmanheattemptedhisfirstimportantuseoftheleitmotiforcharacteristic【62】forhisdifferentpersonagesandalsousedthesethemesinanticipationoftheadventofhischaractersinamannerhelaterdescribedasmakingtheaudienceapartofthebeing.【63】hiswaytoDresdentoconductRienziWagnervisitedtheWartburgCastleandtherehebecamefamiliar【64】thelegendarystorieswhichheusedinallhislaterworks.TannhausergivesanactualdescriptionoftheMinnesingerKnightswhoinspiredWagner【65】TeutonicversionsofTheRingoftheNibelungsLohengrinTristanandIsoldeandParsifal.
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