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Philip Roth was {{U}}hailed{{/U}} as a major new author in 1960.
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PhilipRothwas hailed asamajornewauthorin1960.
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PhilipRothwashailedasamajornewauthorin1960.
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Philip公司CD的经销商它正在制定1998年的销售成本 预算Philip做了以下的销售估计以及它
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PhilipRothwashailedasamajornewauthorin1960.
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PhilipRothwashailedasamajornewauthorin1960.
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ReadingSomethingInEnglish WhenyoureadtolearnEnglishcompositionyou【51】regardthelanguageasthemainthing. Whenyoureada【52】inEnglishdoyoureaditforthestoryorfortheEnglish?Thisisaquestionthatisnotsofoolish【53】itmayseem【54】IfindthatmanystudentsofEnglish【55】farmoreattentiontothestorythantotheEnglish.Theyreadandenjoyand【56】alongtimeafterwardsrememberthestorybutdonotcaretostudytheuseofwordsand【57】init.Forinstancetheyknowtheplot情节ofthestory【58】butdonotremembera【59】sentenceinthestoryandcannottellwhatprepositionisusedbeforeor【60】acertainwordinthespeechofacertaincharacter人物. Ofcourseitisallrighttoreadand【61】andrememberastoryandsolongasone【62】toknowthestoryonlyoneneednotbotheraboutthelanguage.Butthecaseisquitedifferent【63】astudentofEnglish.ImeanastudentofEnglishasdistinguished区别于fromareaderofstoriesorwhatiscalledthegeneralreader.Asyoumayhave【64】formtheaboveastudentofEnglishshouldreadvery【65】andregardthelanguageasthemainthing.
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ReadingSomethingInEnglish WhenyoureadtolearnEnglishcompositionyou【51】regardthelanguageasthemainthing. Whenyoureada【52】inEnglishdoyoureaditforthestoryorfortheEnglish?Thisisaquestionthatisnotsofoolish【53】itmayseem【54】IfindthatmanystudentsofEnglish【55】farmoreattentiontothestorythantotheEnglish.Theyreadandenjoyand【56】alongtimeafterwardsrememberthestorybutdonotcaretostudytheuseofwordsand【57】init.Forinstancetheyknowtheplot情节ofthestory【58】butdonotremembera【59】sentenceinthestoryandcannottellwhatprepositionisusedbeforeor【60】acertainwordinthespeechofacertaincharacter人物. Ofcourseitisallrighttoreadand【61】andrememberastoryandsolongasone【62】toknowthestoryonlyoneneednotbotheraboutthelanguage.Butthecaseisquitedifferent【63】astudentofEnglish.ImeanastudentofEnglishasdistinguished区别于fromareaderofstoriesorwhatiscalledthegeneralreader.Asyoumayhave【64】formtheaboveastudentofEnglishshouldreadvery【65】andregardthelanguageasthemainthing.
ReadingSomethingInEnglish WhenyoureadtolearnEnglishcompositionyou【51】regardthelanguageasthemainthing. Whenyoureada【52】inEnglishdoyoureaditforthestoryorfortheEnglish?Thisisaquestionthatisnotsofoolish【53】itmayseem【54】IfindthatmanystudentsofEnglish【55】farmoreattentiontothestorythantotheEnglish.Theyreadandenjoyand【56】alongtimeafterwardsrememberthestorybutdonotcaretostudytheuseofwordsand【57】init.Forinstancetheyknowtheplot情节ofthestory【58】butdonotremembera【59】sentenceinthestoryandcannottellwhatprepositionisusedbeforeor【60】acertainwordinthespeechofacertaincharacter人物. Ofcourseitisallrighttoreadand【61】andrememberastoryandsolongasone【62】toknowthestoryonlyoneneednotbotheraboutthelanguage.Butthecaseisquitedifferent【63】astudentofEnglish.ImeanastudentofEnglishasdistinguished区别于fromareaderofstoriesorwhatiscalledthegeneralreader.Asyoumayhave【64】formtheaboveastudentofEnglishshouldreadvery【65】andregardthelanguageasthemainthing.
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ReadingSomethingInEnglish WhenyoureadtolearnEnglishcompositionyou【51】regardthelanguageasthemainthing. Whenyoureada【52】inEnglishdoyoureaditforthestoryorfortheEnglish?Thisisaquestionthatisnotsofoolish【53】itmayseem【54】IfindthatmanystudentsofEnglish【55】farmoreattentiontothestorythantotheEnglish.Theyreadandenjoyand【56】alongtimeafterwardsrememberthestorybutdonotcaretostudytheuseofwordsand【57】init.Forinstancetheyknowtheplot情节ofthestory【58】butdonotremembera【59】sentenceinthestoryandcannottellwhatprepositionisusedbeforeor【60】acertainwordinthespeechofacertaincharacter人物. Ofcourseitisallrighttoreadand【61】andrememberastoryandsolongasone【62】toknowthestoryonlyoneneednotbotheraboutthelanguage.Butthecaseisquitedifferent【63】astudentofEnglish.ImeanastudentofEnglishasdistinguished区别于fromareaderofstoriesorwhatiscalledthegeneralreader.Asyoumayhave【64】formtheaboveastudentofEnglishshouldreadvery【65】andregardthelanguageasthemainthing.
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ReadingSomethingInEnglish WhenyoureadtolearnEnglishcompositionyou【51】regardthelanguageasthemainthing. Whenyoureada【52】inEnglishdoyoureaditforthestoryorfortheEnglish?Thisisaquestionthatisnotsofoolish【53】itmayseem【54】IfindthatmanystudentsofEnglish【55】farmoreattentiontothestorythantotheEnglish.Theyreadandenjoyand【56】alongtimeafterwardsrememberthestorybutdonotcaretostudytheuseofwordsand【57】init.Forinstancetheyknowtheplot情节ofthestory【58】butdonotremembera【59】sentenceinthestoryandcannottellwhatprepositionisusedbeforeor【60】acertainwordinthespeechofacertaincharacter人物. Ofcourseitisallrighttoreadand【61】andrememberastoryandsolongasone【62】toknowthestoryonlyoneneednotbotheraboutthelanguage.Butthecaseisquitedifferent【63】astudentofEnglish.ImeanastudentofEnglishasdistinguished区别于fromareaderofstoriesorwhatiscalledthegeneralreader.Asyoumayhave【64】formtheaboveastudentofEnglishshouldreadvery【65】andregardthelanguageasthemainthing.
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AIDS AIDSisAcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome.Thehumanimmunodeficiencyvirus人类免疫缺损病毒calledHIVisbelievedtocauseAIDS.Thereisnocure.Peoplewhogetthediseasewilldie.AIDSitselfdoesnotkill.Howeveritattacksanddestroysthebody’’sdefensesystemthatfightsagainstinfection.Whenthishappensapersonhaslittleabilitytofightoffmanyotherdiseasesincludingpneumonia肺炎cancerandtuberculosis结核病. AnewstudysaysthenumberofwomenintheUnitedStateswithAIDShasincreasedsharply.ThestudysaysAIDSisincreasingfasteramongwomenthanamongmen.EighteenpercentofAIDSpatientsarewomen.Thisisalmost3timestherate10yearsago.MostwomengettheAIDSvirusfromhavingsexualrelationswithmen.Pregnantwomenwiththediseasecanpassittotheirbabies.TheeffectofAIDSinAmericaisgreatestinlargecities.AIDSistheleadingcauseofdeathamongallpeoplein79cities.Itistheleadingcauseofdeathamongwomenin15cities.TheseincludeNewYorkCityandMiamiFlorida. DoctorsintheUnitedStatesfirstnotedAIDS14yearsagoinhomosexual同性恋的meninNewYorkandCalifornia.IntheUnitedStatesAIDSspreadfirstamonghomosexualmen.Thenitappearedinpeoplewhosharedneedlestoputillegaldrugsintotheirblood.Italsoappearedinpeoplewhohadreceivedinfectedbloodproductsathospitals.TheAIDSvirusisspreadthroughtheexchangeofinfectedbloodorbodyfluidsreleasedduringsexualactivity.Itisalsospreadbyhavingsexualrelationswithsomeonewhohasthevirus.Anditisspreadbysharingdrugneedlesthathaveinfectedbloodonthem. AIDShasaffectedseveralfamousAmericanathletes.TwoyearsagoformertennisplayerArthurAshediedofthedisease.AtaboutthesametimeformerbasketballplayerMagicJohnsonannouncedthathehastheAIDSvirus.ThemostrecentathletetobeaffectedisGregoryLouganis.LouganiswonanumberofgoldmedalsinOlympicdivingcompetition.HeannouncedontelevisionthathehasAIDS.PresidentClintonmetwithLouganisandpraisedhimfordiscussinghissickness.Mr.Clintonsaiditisimportanttoeducatethepublic. ActivistshavesucceededineducatingAmericansaboutAIDSandthepeoplewhohaveit.TheyalsohavebeenurgingthefederalgovernmenttoincreaseeffortstofindacureforAIDS.ScientistsfirstidentifiedthevirusthatisbelievedtocauseAIDSin1983.Manyofthemthenthoughttheycouldproduceananti-AIDSvaccine痘苗.Suchamedicinecouldbegiventopeopletoprotectagainstthedisease.HoweverscientistsatAmericangovernmentagenciesuniversitiesanddrugcompanieshavefailedtoproduceananti-AIDSvaccine.Buttheyarecontinuingefforttofindbettertreatmentsforacure. AIDShascreatedsomereactionsinAmericathatarementionedinthetextexceptthat______
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AIDS AIDSisAcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome.Thehumanimmunodeficiencyvirus人类免疫缺损病毒calledHIVisbelievedtocauseAIDS.Thereisnocure.Peoplewhogetthediseasewilldie.AIDSitselfdoesnotkill.Howeveritattacksanddestroysthebody’’sdefensesystemthatfightsagainstinfection.Whenthishappensapersonhaslittleabilitytofightoffmanyotherdiseasesincludingpneumonia肺炎cancerandtuberculosis结核病. AnewstudysaysthenumberofwomenintheUnitedStateswithAIDShasincreasedsharply.ThestudysaysAIDSisincreasingfasteramongwomenthanamongmen.EighteenpercentofAIDSpatientsarewomen.Thisisalmost3timestherate10yearsago.MostwomengettheAIDSvirusfromhavingsexualrelationswithmen.Pregnantwomenwiththediseasecanpassittotheirbabies.TheeffectofAIDSinAmericaisgreatestinlargecities.AIDSistheleadingcauseofdeathamongallpeoplein79cities.Itistheleadingcauseofdeathamongwomenin15cities.TheseincludeNewYorkCityandMiamiFlorida. DoctorsintheUnitedStatesfirstnotedAIDS14yearsagoinhomosexual同性恋的meninNewYorkandCalifornia.IntheUnitedStatesAIDSspreadfirstamonghomosexualmen.Thenitappearedinpeoplewhosharedneedlestoputillegaldrugsintotheirblood.Italsoappearedinpeoplewhohadreceivedinfectedbloodproductsathospitals.TheAIDSvirusisspreadthroughtheexchangeofinfectedbloodorbodyfluidsreleasedduringsexualactivity.Itisalsospreadbyhavingsexualrelationswithsomeonewhohasthevirus.Anditisspreadbysharingdrugneedlesthathaveinfectedbloodonthem. AIDShasaffectedseveralfamousAmericanathletes.TwoyearsagoformertennisplayerArthurAshediedofthedisease.AtaboutthesametimeformerbasketballplayerMagicJohnsonannouncedthathehastheAIDSvirus.ThemostrecentathletetobeaffectedisGregoryLouganis.LouganiswonanumberofgoldmedalsinOlympicdivingcompetition.HeannouncedontelevisionthathehasAIDS.PresidentClintonmetwithLouganisandpraisedhimfordiscussinghissickness.Mr.Clintonsaiditisimportanttoeducatethepublic. ActivistshavesucceededineducatingAmericansaboutAIDSandthepeoplewhohaveit.TheyalsohavebeenurgingthefederalgovernmenttoincreaseeffortstofindacureforAIDS.ScientistsfirstidentifiedthevirusthatisbelievedtocauseAIDSin1983.Manyofthemthenthoughttheycouldproduceananti-AIDSvaccine痘苗.Suchamedicinecouldbegiventopeopletoprotectagainstthedisease.HoweverscientistsatAmericangovernmentagenciesuniversitiesanddrugcompanieshavefailedtoproduceananti-AIDSvaccine.Buttheyarecontinuingefforttofindbettertreatmentsforacure. WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
Euthanasia:aHeatedlyDebatedTopic Wemustn’’tdelayanylonger...?swallowing吞咽isdifficult...andbreathingthat’’salsodifficult.Thosemusclesareweakeningtoo...wemustn’’tdelayanylonger. ThesewerethewordsofDutchman荷兰人CeesvanwendeldeJoodeaskinghisdoctortohelphimdie.AffectedwithaseriousdiseasevanVendelwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating. VanVenderslastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinallethalinjectionbyhisdoctorwerefilmedandfirstshownontelevisionlastyearintheNetherlands.Theprogrammehassincebeenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshownitstartsanationwidedebateonthesubject. TheNetherlandsistheonlycountryinEuropewhichpermitseuthanasia安乐死althoughitisnottechnicallylegalthere.HoweverdoctorswhocarryouteuthanasiaunderstrictguidelinesintroducedbytheDutchParliament议会twoyearsagoareusuallynotprosecuted.Theguidelinesdemandthatthepatientisexperiencingextremesufferingthatthereisnochanceofacureandthatthepatienthasmaderepeatedrequestsforeuthanasia.Inadditiontothisaseconddoctormustconfirm证实thatthesecriteriahavebeenmetandthedeathmustbereportedtothepolicedepartment. Shoulddoctorsbeallowedtotaketheliveofothers?Dr.WilfredVanOijenCeesvanVendel’’sdoctorexplainshowhelooksatthequestion: Wellit’’snotasifIinplanningtomurderacrowdofpeoplewithamachinegun.InthatcasekillingistheworstthingIcanimagine.Butthat’’sentirelydifferentfrommyworkasadoctor.IcareforpeopleandItrytoensurethattheydon’tsuffertoomuch.That’’sverydifferentthing. Manypeoplethougharetotallyagainstthepracticeofeuthanasia.Dr.AndrewFergusonChairmanoftheorganizationHealthcareopposedtoEuthanasiasaysthatinthevastmajorityofeuthanasiacaseswhatthepatientisactuallyaskingforissomethingelse.Theymaywantahealthprofessionaltoopenupcommunicationforthemwiththeirlovedonesorfamily—there’’snearlyalwaysanotherquestionbehindthequestion. Britainalsohasastrongtraditionofhospices—specialhospitalswhichcareonlyforthedyingandtheirspecialneeds.CicelySaundersPresidentoftheNationalHospiceCouncilandafoundermemberofthehospicemovementarguesthateuthanasiadoesn’’ttakeintoaccountthattherearewaysofcaringforthedying.Sheisalsoconcernedthatallowingeuthanasiawouldunderminetheneedforcareandconsiderationofawiderangeofpeople;It’’sveryeasyinsocietynowfortheelderlythedisabled伤残的andthedependenttofeelthattheyareburdensandthereforethattheyoughttoopt脱离out.Ithinkthatanythingthatlegallyallowstheshorteningoflifedoesmakethosepeoplemorevulnerable脆弱的. Manyfindthisprohibitionofanindividual’’srighttothepaternalistic家长式的.Althoughtheyagreethatlifeisimportantandshouldberespectedtheyfeelthatthequalityoflifeshouldnotbeignored.Dr.VanOijenbelievesthatpeoplehavethefundamentalrighttochooseforthemselvesiftheywanttodie:Whatthosepeoplewhoopposeeuthanasiaaretellingmeisthatdyingpeoplehaven’ttheright.Andthatwhenpeopleareveryillweareallafraidoftheirdeath.Buttherearesituationswheredeathisafriend.Andinthosecaseswhynot? Butwhynot?isaquestionwhichmightcausestrongemotion.ThefilmshowingCeesVanVendel’’sdeathwasbothmovingandsensitive.Hisdoctorwasclearlyafamilyfriend;hiswifehadonlyherhusband’’sinterestsatheart.Somehoweverwouldarguethatitwouldbedangeroustousethisparticularexampletosupportthecaseforeuthanasia.Notallpatientswouldreceivesuchahighlevelofindividualcareandattention. Dr.WilfredVanOijenmayagreethat______.
AIDS AIDSisAcquiredImmuneDeficiencySyndrome.Thehumanimmunodeficiencyvirus人类免疫缺损病毒calledHIVisbelievedtocauseAIDS.Thereisnocure.Peoplewhogetthediseasewilldie.AIDSitselfdoesnotkill.Howeveritattacksanddestroysthebody’’sdefensesystemthatfightsagainstinfection.Whenthishappensapersonhaslittleabilitytofightoffmanyotherdiseasesincludingpneumonia肺炎cancerandtuberculosis结核病. AnewstudysaysthenumberofwomenintheUnitedStateswithAIDShasincreasedsharply.ThestudysaysAIDSisincreasingfasteramongwomenthanamongmen.EighteenpercentofAIDSpatientsarewomen.Thisisalmost3timestherate10yearsago.MostwomengettheAIDSvirusfromhavingsexualrelationswithmen.Pregnantwomenwiththediseasecanpassittotheirbabies.TheeffectofAIDSinAmericaisgreatestinlargecities.AIDSistheleadingcauseofdeathamongallpeoplein79cities.Itistheleadingcauseofdeathamongwomenin15cities.TheseincludeNewYorkCityandMiamiFlorida. DoctorsintheUnitedStatesfirstnotedAIDS14yearsagoinhomosexual同性恋的meninNewYorkandCalifornia.IntheUnitedStatesAIDSspreadfirstamonghomosexualmen.Thenitappearedinpeoplewhosharedneedlestoputillegaldrugsintotheirblood.Italsoappearedinpeoplewhohadreceivedinfectedbloodproductsathospitals.TheAIDSvirusisspreadthroughtheexchangeofinfectedbloodorbodyfluidsreleasedduringsexualactivity.Itisalsospreadbyhavingsexualrelationswithsomeonewhohasthevirus.Anditisspreadbysharingdrugneedlesthathaveinfectedbloodonthem. AIDShasaffectedseveralfamousAmericanathletes.TwoyearsagoformertennisplayerArthurAshediedofthedisease.AtaboutthesametimeformerbasketballplayerMagicJohnsonannouncedthathehastheAIDSvirus.ThemostrecentathletetobeaffectedisGregoryLouganis.LouganiswonanumberofgoldmedalsinOlympicdivingcompetition.HeannouncedontelevisionthathehasAIDS.PresidentClintonmetwithLouganisandpraisedhimfordiscussinghissickness.Mr.Clintonsaiditisimportanttoeducatethepublic. ActivistshavesucceededineducatingAmericansaboutAIDSandthepeoplewhohaveit.TheyalsohavebeenurgingthefederalgovernmenttoincreaseeffortstofindacureforAIDS.ScientistsfirstidentifiedthevirusthatisbelievedtocauseAIDSin1983.Manyofthemthenthoughttheycouldproduceananti-AIDSvaccine痘苗.Suchamedicinecouldbegiventopeopletoprotectagainstthedisease.HoweverscientistsatAmericangovernmentagenciesuniversitiesanddrugcompanieshavefailedtoproduceananti-AIDSvaccine.Buttheyarecontinuingefforttofindbettertreatmentsforacure. Havescientistsproducedanant-AIDSvaccine?
Youmust{{U}}shine{{/U}}yourshoes.
ModernDrugs Doctorssixtyyearsagocoulddolittletohelpvictimsofpolio.Seriouscasesusuallyendedindeath.In1955avaccinewasdevelopedthatpreventedthedisease.Todaypolioisnolongeramajorhealthproblem. Manyofthemostimportantdrugsthatdoctorsprescribetodayhavebeendevelopedinthelast30years.Moderndrugsarecomplexspecificandpowerful.Peopleneedtoknowmoreaboutdrugsinordertousethemsafely. Earlypeoplediscoveredbyaccidentthatsomeoftheplantsgrowingaroundthemseemedusefultohealsoresrelievepainorevencurediseases.Theseplantswerethefirstdrugs.Nowplantsarestillthesourceofsomedrugs.Quinineforexampleisabitter-tastingdrugusedtotreatthechillsandfeverofmalariaandtoreduceattacksofthedisease.ItismadefromthebarkofthecinchonatreewhichgrowsintheAndesMountains.TheIndiansofthatregionwerethefirsttousethebarkasamedicine.TheSpanishpeopleprobablybroughtittoEuropeintheearly1600s.Chemistslearnedhowtogetthepuredrugfromthebarkandin1944;itwasmadeartificiallyinthelaboratory. Otherimportantdrugssuchashormonesandvaccinesareobtainedfromanimals.Butmostofthemoderndrugscomefromchemicalcombinationsworkedoutbyresearchscientists.Mostpeopleneverseedrugsintheirsimpleformaschemicals.Insteadtheyareseenastabletscapsulesorliquidsthatcontainthedrugandotheringredients. Peopleusedrugstogetdifferentresults.Somedrugsattacktheorganismthatcausesadisease.Theycurebykillingtheorganism.Otherdrugsrelievewhatwecallthesymptomsofthedisease:theheadachepainfeverorchillsandmakethepatientmorecomfortable.Theseconstitutemostover-the-counterdrugs.Peoplecangetthemindrugstores. Itseemstotheauthorthatthemedicineusedbyearlypeople______.
Euthanasia:aHeatedlyDebatedTopic Wemustn’’tdelayanylonger...?swallowing吞咽isdifficult...andbreathingthat’’salsodifficult.Thosemusclesareweakeningtoo...wemustn’’tdelayanylonger. ThesewerethewordsofDutchman荷兰人CeesvanwendeldeJoodeaskinghisdoctortohelphimdie.AffectedwithaseriousdiseasevanVendelwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating. VanVenderslastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinallethalinjectionbyhisdoctorwerefilmedandfirstshownontelevisionlastyearintheNetherlands.Theprogrammehassincebeenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshownitstartsanationwidedebateonthesubject. TheNetherlandsistheonlycountryinEuropewhichpermitseuthanasia安乐死althoughitisnottechnicallylegalthere.HoweverdoctorswhocarryouteuthanasiaunderstrictguidelinesintroducedbytheDutchParliament议会twoyearsagoareusuallynotprosecuted.Theguidelinesdemandthatthepatientisexperiencingextremesufferingthatthereisnochanceofacureandthatthepatienthasmaderepeatedrequestsforeuthanasia.Inadditiontothisaseconddoctormustconfirm证实thatthesecriteriahavebeenmetandthedeathmustbereportedtothepolicedepartment. Shoulddoctorsbeallowedtotaketheliveofothers?Dr.WilfredVanOijenCeesvanVendel’’sdoctorexplainshowhelooksatthequestion: Wellit’’snotasifIinplanningtomurderacrowdofpeoplewithamachinegun.InthatcasekillingistheworstthingIcanimagine.Butthat’’sentirelydifferentfrommyworkasadoctor.IcareforpeopleandItrytoensurethattheydon’tsuffertoomuch.That’’sverydifferentthing. Manypeoplethougharetotallyagainstthepracticeofeuthanasia.Dr.AndrewFergusonChairmanoftheorganizationHealthcareopposedtoEuthanasiasaysthatinthevastmajorityofeuthanasiacaseswhatthepatientisactuallyaskingforissomethingelse.Theymaywantahealthprofessionaltoopenupcommunicationforthemwiththeirlovedonesorfamily—there’’snearlyalwaysanotherquestionbehindthequestion. Britainalsohasastrongtraditionofhospices—specialhospitalswhichcareonlyforthedyingandtheirspecialneeds.CicelySaundersPresidentoftheNationalHospiceCouncilandafoundermemberofthehospicemovementarguesthateuthanasiadoesn’’ttakeintoaccountthattherearewaysofcaringforthedying.Sheisalsoconcernedthatallowingeuthanasiawouldunderminetheneedforcareandconsiderationofawiderangeofpeople;It’’sveryeasyinsocietynowfortheelderlythedisabled伤残的andthedependenttofeelthattheyareburdensandthereforethattheyoughttoopt脱离out.Ithinkthatanythingthatlegallyallowstheshorteningoflifedoesmakethosepeoplemorevulnerable脆弱的. Manyfindthisprohibitionofanindividual’’srighttothepaternalistic家长式的.Althoughtheyagreethatlifeisimportantandshouldberespectedtheyfeelthatthequalityoflifeshouldnotbeignored.Dr.VanOijenbelievesthatpeoplehavethefundamentalrighttochooseforthemselvesiftheywanttodie:Whatthosepeoplewhoopposeeuthanasiaaretellingmeisthatdyingpeoplehaven’ttheright.Andthatwhenpeopleareveryillweareallafraidoftheirdeath.Buttherearesituationswheredeathisafriend.Andinthosecaseswhynot? Butwhynot?isaquestionwhichmightcausestrongemotion.ThefilmshowingCeesVanVendel’’sdeathwasbothmovingandsensitive.Hisdoctorwasclearlyafamilyfriend;hiswifehadonlyherhusband’’sinterestsatheart.Somehoweverwouldarguethatitwouldbedangeroustousethisparticularexampletosupportthecaseforeuthanasia.Notallpatientswouldreceivesuchahighlevelofindividualcareandattention. Whoisagainsteuthanasia?
Thistableisstrongand{{U}}durable{{/U}}.
Theyagreedto{{U}}modify{{/U}}theirpolicy.
TheBerlinworkshopconcludedthattherealfigure______.
Whenthecoverdiminishesinthecomingdecadestemperature______.
ReadingSomethingInEnglish WhenyoureadtolearnEnglishcompositionyou【51】regardthelanguageasthemainthing. Whenyoureada【52】inEnglishdoyoureaditforthestoryorfortheEnglish?Thisisaquestionthatisnotsofoolish【53】itmayseem【54】IfindthatmanystudentsofEnglish【55】farmoreattentiontothestorythantotheEnglish.Theyreadandenjoyand【56】alongtimeafterwardsrememberthestorybutdonotcaretostudytheuseofwordsand【57】init.Forinstancetheyknowtheplot情节ofthestory【58】butdonotremembera【59】sentenceinthestoryandcannottellwhatprepositionisusedbeforeor【60】acertainwordinthespeechofacertaincharacter人物. Ofcourseitisallrighttoreadand【61】andrememberastoryandsolongasone【62】toknowthestoryonlyoneneednotbotheraboutthelanguage.Butthecaseisquitedifferent【63】astudentofEnglish.ImeanastudentofEnglishasdistinguished区别于fromareaderofstoriesorwhatiscalledthegeneralreader.Asyoumayhave【64】formtheaboveastudentofEnglishshouldreadvery【65】andregardthelanguageasthemainthing.
Agoodreadinghabitcanhelpyourchilddowellatschool.
Paragraph4______.
ReadingSomethingInEnglish WhenyoureadtolearnEnglishcompositionyou【51】regardthelanguageasthemainthing. Whenyoureada【52】inEnglishdoyoureaditforthestoryorfortheEnglish?Thisisaquestionthatisnotsofoolish【53】itmayseem【54】IfindthatmanystudentsofEnglish【55】farmoreattentiontothestorythantotheEnglish.Theyreadandenjoyand【56】alongtimeafterwardsrememberthestorybutdonotcaretostudytheuseofwordsand【57】init.Forinstancetheyknowtheplot情节ofthestory【58】butdonotremembera【59】sentenceinthestoryandcannottellwhatprepositionisusedbeforeor【60】acertainwordinthespeechofacertaincharacter人物. Ofcourseitisallrighttoreadand【61】andrememberastoryandsolongasone【62】toknowthestoryonlyoneneednotbotheraboutthelanguage.Butthecaseisquitedifferent【63】astudentofEnglish.ImeanastudentofEnglishasdistinguished区别于fromareaderofstoriesorwhatiscalledthegeneralreader.Asyoumayhave【64】formtheaboveastudentofEnglishshouldreadvery【65】andregardthelanguageasthemainthing.
ModernDrugs Doctorssixtyyearsagocoulddolittletohelpvictimsofpolio.Seriouscasesusuallyendedindeath.In1955avaccinewasdevelopedthatpreventedthedisease.Todaypolioisnolongeramajorhealthproblem. Manyofthemostimportantdrugsthatdoctorsprescribetodayhavebeendevelopedinthelast30years.Moderndrugsarecomplexspecificandpowerful.Peopleneedtoknowmoreaboutdrugsinordertousethemsafely. Earlypeoplediscoveredbyaccidentthatsomeoftheplantsgrowingaroundthemseemedusefultohealsoresrelievepainorevencurediseases.Theseplantswerethefirstdrugs.Nowplantsarestillthesourceofsomedrugs.Quinineforexampleisabitter-tastingdrugusedtotreatthechillsandfeverofmalariaandtoreduceattacksofthedisease.ItismadefromthebarkofthecinchonatreewhichgrowsintheAndesMountains.TheIndiansofthatregionwerethefirsttousethebarkasamedicine.TheSpanishpeopleprobablybroughtittoEuropeintheearly1600s.Chemistslearnedhowtogetthepuredrugfromthebarkandin1944;itwasmadeartificiallyinthelaboratory. Otherimportantdrugssuchashormonesandvaccinesareobtainedfromanimals.Butmostofthemoderndrugscomefromchemicalcombinationsworkedoutbyresearchscientists.Mostpeopleneverseedrugsintheirsimpleformaschemicals.Insteadtheyareseenastabletscapsulesorliquidsthatcontainthedrugandotheringredients. Peopleusedrugstogetdifferentresults.Somedrugsattacktheorganismthatcausesadisease.Theycurebykillingtheorganism.Otherdrugsrelievewhatwecallthesymptomsofthedisease:theheadachepainfeverorchillsandmakethepatientmorecomfortable.Theseconstitutemostover-the-counterdrugs.Peoplecangetthemindrugstores. Itisimpliedinthepassagethatmostdrugscanbe______.
Paragraph2______.
Euthanasia:aHeatedlyDebatedTopic Wemustn’’tdelayanylonger...?swallowing吞咽isdifficult...andbreathingthat’’salsodifficult.Thosemusclesareweakeningtoo...wemustn’’tdelayanylonger. ThesewerethewordsofDutchman荷兰人CeesvanwendeldeJoodeaskinghisdoctortohelphimdie.AffectedwithaseriousdiseasevanVendelwasnolongerabletospeakclearlyandheknewtherewasnohopeofrecoveryandthathisconditionwasrapidlydeteriorating. VanVenderslastthreemonthsoflifebeforebeinggivenafinallethalinjectionbyhisdoctorwerefilmedandfirstshownontelevisionlastyearintheNetherlands.Theprogrammehassincebeenboughtby20countriesandeachtimeitisshownitstartsanationwidedebateonthesubject. TheNetherlandsistheonlycountryinEuropewhichpermitseuthanasia安乐死althoughitisnottechnicallylegalthere.HoweverdoctorswhocarryouteuthanasiaunderstrictguidelinesintroducedbytheDutchParliament议会twoyearsagoareusuallynotprosecuted.Theguidelinesdemandthatthepatientisexperiencingextremesufferingthatthereisnochanceofacureandthatthepatienthasmaderepeatedrequestsforeuthanasia.Inadditiontothisaseconddoctormustconfirm证实thatthesecriteriahavebeenmetandthedeathmustbereportedtothepolicedepartment. Shoulddoctorsbeallowedtotaketheliveofothers?Dr.WilfredVanOijenCeesvanVendel’’sdoctorexplainshowhelooksatthequestion: Wellit’’snotasifIinplanningtomurderacrowdofpeoplewithamachinegun.InthatcasekillingistheworstthingIcanimagine.Butthat’’sentirelydifferentfrommyworkasadoctor.IcareforpeopleandItrytoensurethattheydon’tsuffertoomuch.That’’sverydifferentthing. Manypeoplethougharetotallyagainstthepracticeofeuthanasia.Dr.AndrewFergusonChairmanoftheorganizationHealthcareopposedtoEuthanasiasaysthatinthevastmajorityofeuthanasiacaseswhatthepatientisactuallyaskingforissomethingelse.Theymaywantahealthprofessionaltoopenupcommunicationforthemwiththeirlovedonesorfamily—there’’snearlyalwaysanotherquestionbehindthequestion. Britainalsohasastrongtraditionofhospices—specialhospitalswhichcareonlyforthedyingandtheirspecialneeds.CicelySaundersPresidentoftheNationalHospiceCouncilandafoundermemberofthehospicemovementarguesthateuthanasiadoesn’’ttakeintoaccountthattherearewaysofcaringforthedying.Sheisalsoconcernedthatallowingeuthanasiawouldunderminetheneedforcareandconsiderationofawiderangeofpeople;It’’sveryeasyinsocietynowfortheelderlythedisabled伤残的andthedependenttofeelthattheyareburdensandthereforethattheyoughttoopt脱离out.Ithinkthatanythingthatlegallyallowstheshorteningoflifedoesmakethosepeoplemorevulnerable脆弱的. Manyfindthisprohibitionofanindividual’’srighttothepaternalistic家长式的.Althoughtheyagreethatlifeisimportantandshouldberespectedtheyfeelthatthequalityoflifeshouldnotbeignored.Dr.VanOijenbelievesthatpeoplehavethefundamentalrighttochooseforthemselvesiftheywanttodie:Whatthosepeoplewhoopposeeuthanasiaaretellingmeisthatdyingpeoplehaven’ttheright.Andthatwhenpeopleareveryillweareallafraidoftheirdeath.Buttherearesituationswheredeathisafriend.Andinthosecaseswhynot? Butwhynot?isaquestionwhichmightcausestrongemotion.ThefilmshowingCeesVanVendel’’sdeathwasbothmovingandsensitive.Hisdoctorwasclearlyafamilyfriend;hiswifehadonlyherhusband’’sinterestsatheart.Somehoweverwouldarguethatitwouldbedangeroustousethisparticularexampletosupportthecaseforeuthanasia.Notallpatientswouldreceivesuchahighlevelofindividualcareandattention. WhentheauthorsaysButwhynot?isaquestionmightcausestrongemotionthelastpara.hemaymean______.
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