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{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 1.NursingatBethIsraelHospitalproducesthebestpatientcarepossible. Ifwearetosolvethenursingshortagehospitaladministrationanddoctors everywherewoulddowelltofollowBethIsrael’sexample.??2.At BethIsraeleachpatientisassignedtoaprimarynursewhovisitsatlength withthepatientandconstructsafull-scalehealthaccountthatcovers everythingfromhismedicalhistorytohisemotionalstate.Thenshewritesa careplancentredonthepatient’sillnessbutwhichalsoincludeseverything elsethatisnecessary.??3.Theprimarynursestayswiththe patientthroughhishospitalisationkeepingtrackwithhisprogressandseeking furtheradvicefromhisdoctor.IfapatientatBethIsraelisnotrespondingto treatmentitisnotuncommonforhisnursetoproposeanotherapproachtohis doctor.WhatthedoctoratBethIsraelhasintheprimarynurseisatrue colleague.??4.NursingatBethIsraelalsoinvolvesa decentralized分散的nursingadministration;everyflooreveryunitisa self-containedorganization.Therearenurse-managersinsteadofheadnurses;in additiontotheirmedicaldutiestheydoalltheirownhiringanddismissing employeeadvisingandtheymakesalaryrecommendations.Eachunit’snurses decideamongthemselveswhowillworkwhatshiftsandwhen.??5. BethIsrael’snurse-in-chiefranksasanequalwithothervicepresidentsofthe hospital.ShealsoismemberoftheMedicalExecutiveCommitteewhichinmost hospitalsincludesonlydoctors.Para2______.
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{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 1.NursingatBethIsraelHospitalproducesthebestpatientcarepossible. Ifwearetosolvethenursingshortagehospitaladministrationanddoctors everywherewoulddowelltofollowBethIsrael’sexample.??2.At BethIsraeleachpatientisassignedtoaprimarynursewhovisitsatlength withthepatientandconstructsafull-scalehealthaccountthatcovers everythingfromhismedicalhistorytohisemotionalstate.Thenshewritesa careplancentredonthepatient’sillnessbutwhichalsoincludeseverything elsethatisnecessary.??3.Theprimarynursestayswiththe patientthroughhishospitalisationkeepingtrackwithhisprogressandseeking furtheradvicefromhisdoctor.IfapatientatBethIsraelisnotrespondingto treatmentitisnotuncommonforhisnursetoproposeanotherapproachtohis doctor.WhatthedoctoratBethIsraelhasintheprimarynurseisatrue colleague.??4.NursingatBethIsraelalsoinvolvesa decentralized分散的nursingadministration;everyflooreveryunitisa self-containedorganization.Therearenurse-managersinsteadofheadnurses;in additiontotheirmedicaldutiestheydoalltheirownhiringanddismissing employeeadvisingandtheymakesalaryrecommendations.Eachunit’snurses decideamongthemselveswhowillworkwhatshiftsandwhen.??5. BethIsrael’snurse-in-chiefranksasanequalwithothervicepresidentsofthe hospital.ShealsoismemberoftheMedicalExecutiveCommitteewhichinmost hospitalsincludesonlydoctors.Eachunit’snursesdecideamongthemselveswhowillwork______.
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{{*HTML*}}?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ??Mostdoctorsaretoooptimisticinpredictinghowlongdying patientshavetoliveandthishasanegativeeffectonthecaretheyreceive intheirfinaldaysAmericanresearcherssaidFriday.??Astudy byscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoMedicalCenterinIllinoisshowed thatofthesurvivalestimatesfor486terminallyillpatientsgivenby343 doctors{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.??{{U}}?47?{{/U}} andinsomecasesdoctorspredictedpatientshadfivetimelongertolivethan provedtobethecase.??Doctorsareinaccurateintheir prognoses预后forterminallyillpatientsandtheerrorissystematically optimisticprofessorNicholasChristakisandDrElizabethLamont?saidin areportinTheBritishMedicalJournal.??Theresearchersadded thatdoctorswhoknewtheirpatientsbestweremorelikelytogetit wrong.??{{U}}?48?{{/U}}...thetypeofsystematicbias towardoptimismthatwehavefoundindoctors’objectiveprognosticassessments maybeadversely不利地affectingpatientcaretheresearchersadded.? ?Insteadofreceivingthreemonthsofhospicecarewhichisconsideredto betheideal{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.??Patientswhothought theyhadlongertolivealsooptedformoreaggressivetreatment?instead ofpalliative治标的carethereportsaid.??Theresearcher suggesteddoctorsshouldgetsecondopinionsfromcolleagues{{U}}?50 ?{{/U}}beforegivingaprognosis.??Reliableprognostic informationisakeydeterminantinbothdoctors’andpatients’decision makingtheysaid.??A.manypatientsreceivedonlyonemonth’s carebecauseoftheoptimisticprognosis.??B.Althoughsomeerror isunavoidable??C.alotofpatientsareeagertoleavethe hospital.??D.only20percentwereaccurate??E. particularlyiftheyknowapatientwell.??F.Sixtythreepercent ofthepredictionsoverestimatedthetimepatientshadleft.{{*HTML*}}
{{*HTML*}}?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ??Mostdoctorsaretoooptimisticinpredictinghowlongdying patientshavetoliveandthishasanegativeeffectonthecaretheyreceive intheirfinaldaysAmericanresearcherssaidFriday.??Astudy byscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoMedicalCenterinIllinoisshowed thatofthesurvivalestimatesfor486terminallyillpatientsgivenby343 doctors{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.??{{U}}?47?{{/U}} andinsomecasesdoctorspredictedpatientshadfivetimelongertolivethan provedtobethecase.??Doctorsareinaccurateintheir prognoses预后forterminallyillpatientsandtheerrorissystematically optimisticprofessorNicholasChristakisandDrElizabethLamont?saidin areportinTheBritishMedicalJournal.??Theresearchersadded thatdoctorswhoknewtheirpatientsbestweremorelikelytogetit wrong.??{{U}}?48?{{/U}}...thetypeofsystematicbias towardoptimismthatwehavefoundindoctors’objectiveprognosticassessments maybeadversely不利地affectingpatientcaretheresearchersadded.? ?Insteadofreceivingthreemonthsofhospicecarewhichisconsideredto betheideal{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.??Patientswhothought theyhadlongertolivealsooptedformoreaggressivetreatment?instead ofpalliative治标的carethereportsaid.??Theresearcher suggesteddoctorsshouldgetsecondopinionsfromcolleagues{{U}}?50 ?{{/U}}beforegivingaprognosis.??Reliableprognostic informationisakeydeterminantinbothdoctors’andpatients’decision makingtheysaid.??A.manypatientsreceivedonlyonemonth’s carebecauseoftheoptimisticprognosis.??B.Althoughsomeerror isunavoidable??C.alotofpatientsareeagertoleavethe hospital.??D.only20percentwereaccurate??E. particularlyiftheyknowapatientwell.??F.Sixtythreepercent ofthepredictionsoverestimatedthetimepatientshadleft.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ?Americanofficialshaveannouncedrulesto helppreventpeoplefromgettingsickfromthemedicinestheytake. ???TherulesrequirethemedicinesAmericansusemostto haveinformationthatiseasytoreadandunderstand.Theofficialssaythenew systemwillhelppeoplemakemoreinformeddecisionsaboutthedrugsthey use.??Moreandmorepeopleusemedicinesknownasover-the counterdrugstotreatcommonhealthproblems.Americansbuy5’000000000 suchproductseachyear.??About100000over-the-counterdrugs canbepurchasedintheUnitedStateswithoutordersfromadoctor.Manypeople decideontheirownwhichdrugtotakehowtotakeitandifitshouldbe giventotheirchildren.Over-the-counterdrugsaregenerallyverysafe. Howeverusingthemthewrongwaycanbedangerous.Officialssayhospitalsin theUnitedStatestreat170000peopleeachyearbecausethedrugsmakethem sick.??Studiesestimatethathalfofthesehospitalvisitscould bepreventedifAmericanswerebettereducatedabouttheproducts.? ?TheFoodandDrugAdministrationproposedthenewrulestwoyearsago.FDA officialssaytheyworkedwiththedrugindustryandpublicinterestgroupsto developtherequirements.Theagencyalsoreceivedalmost2000publiccomments abouttheproposals.??Thenewinformationshouldmakeiteasier forpeopletoidentifyactivechemicalsusedinamedicine.Thisinformation willbelistedatthetopoftheproductcontainer.Thelabelalsowilllist usesofthedrugwarningsanddirections.Chemicalsinthedrugwhicharenot activealsowillbelisted.ThereasonforthisistoletAmericansselect productsthatwillnotmakethemsick.Howmanykindsofover-the-counterdrugsaresoldintheUnitedStates?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??Researchershaveknownforyearsthat animalshaveaclocksomewhereintheirbrainsacontrol-centrethatregulates circadian生物节奏的rhythms.Circadianrhythmsarethebody’sdailybiological cyclescontrollingsuchactivitiesassleepandwakefulness.InNovember1988 neuroscientistsattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottevillereportedthat thesuprachasmaticnucleusSCNasmallcluster束ofcellsinthemiddleof thebrainthatneuroscientistshavelongsuspectedofplayingaroleindaily rhythmsisthelong-soughtbiologicalclock.??Theinvestigators performedaseriesoftissue-transplantexperimentswithhamsters仓鼠.Someof theanimalswerenormalhamsterswhichhaveacircadiancycleof24hours;the othersweremutant变异型hamsterswhosecycleswereonly20or22hours long.??ThescientistsfirstremovedtheSCNfromthebransofthe hamstersinbothgroups.TheythenimplantedanSCNfromamutanthamsterinto thebrainofeachnormalanimalandviceversa.Whenthehamstershadrecovered fromtheiroperationsthecircadianrhythmsofthetwogroupswerereversed. Thenormalhamstershadadailycycleof20to22hoursandthemutantswereon a24-hourcycle.??Theidentificationoftheinternalclockisan importantstepping-stoneinunderstandingthebasicautomaticmechanismsof brainfunction.Itmayalsohelpinfindingwaystorelievehumansleep disorders.Thepurposeoftheexperimentswastofundouthowtheclockworks.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??Anindependentinquiryintooutof hoursservicesoffamilydoctorsinScotlandhasconcludedthattheintroduction ofGPcooperativeshasbeenapositivedevelopmentthatisbenefitingboth patientsanddoctors.??Theworkinggroupthatdrewupthereport howeverhasexpressedsomeconcernaboutthetreatmentofchildrenand difficultiesfacedbysomepatientsinarrangingtheirowntransporttotravel toemergencycenters.ImprovementsarebeingsoughtbytheScottishOfficeon theseissuestoimprovethequalityfairnessandresponsivenessofthe system.??Theinquirywaspromptedbythedeathsoftwobabiesin AyrshireafterthelocalcooperativeAyrshireDoctorsonCallprovided telephoneadvicebutdeclinedrequestsforhomevisits.Parentsofthedead childrencriticizedthecooperativeforfailingtosendoutadoctor.? ?Theparentssupportedacampaignthatcalledforautomatichomevisitsto beprovidedforcertaingroupsofpatientssuchaschildrenandelderlypeople. Thatideahasbeenrejectedbytheinquiryteamwhichsaidthatneitherpatient norprofessionalgroupsacceptedthevalueofpoliciesthatwouldprovide automatichomevisits.Insteaditisrecommendedthatcooperativescarryout moreeffectivemonitoringoftreatmentforchildrenincludingreviewing complaintsandcriticalincidents.??ThefirstGPcooperatives wereformedthreeyearsagototakeoveroutofhourscallsfromindividual practicesbuttheywereestablishedwithdifferentworkingpractices.The reportnotesthatvariationexistsintransportarrangementswithsome cooperativesprovidingfreetransporttoemergencycentersandothersrequiring peopleoftenmaketheirownarrangements.Healthboardhavebeenorderedto reportonthefairnessoftransportarrangementsintheirarea.? ?Guidelinesarealsotobeintroducedtoensurethatcooperativesare workingtosimilarhighstandards.Theywillincludearrangementsthatwill allowpatientstomakecontactwithanoutofhoursservicewithasinglephone call.InitiativesarealsoplannedtohelpGPsinruralareaswhohavebeen unabletobenefitfromthedevelopmentofcooperatives.Anextra540000is beingprovidedtopayforthesedevelopments.Thefollowingstatementsconformtothepassageexcept______.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??Theideaoftest-tubebabiesmaymake youstarry-eyedwithdelightatthewondersofmodernmedicineorbleary-eyed withconsideringthemoral/legalimplicationsofstartinglifeinalaboratory. Butifyou’veeverbeenpregnant怀孕yourselfonethingiscertain:Youwonder whatit’sliketocarryatest-tubebaby.Arethesepregnanciesnormal?Arethe babiesnormal???TheearliestanswerscomefromAustraliawherea groupofmedicalexpertsattheQueenVictoriaMedicalCenterinMelbournehave takenalookatthecontinent’sfirstnineseemedtoproceedaccordingtoplan butatbirthsomeunusualtrendsdidshowup.Sevenoftheninebabiesturned outtobegirls.SixofthenineweredeliveredbyCaesareansection剖腹产术.And onebabyatwinwasbornwithaseriousheartdefectandafewdayslater developedlife-threateningabdominalproblems.??Whatdoesitall mean?Eventhedoctorsdon’tknowforsurebecausethenumbersaresosmall. Theproportionofgirlstoboysishighbutuntiltherearemanymoretest-tube babiesnoonewillknowwhetherthat’spurecoincidence巧合orsomethingspecial. ?Thesamethingistrueofthesingleheartdefect;itusuallyshowsupin only15outof60000birthsinthatpartofAustraliabutthefactthatit occurredinoneoutofninetest-tubebabiesdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthey areatspecialrisk.Onethingthedoctorscanexplainisthehighnumberof Caesareans.??TheAustralianresearchersreportthattheyare quiteencouraged.Allthebabiesarenowmakingnomalprogress--eventhetwin withthebirthdefects.Thepassageimplesthatthefirsttest-tubebabieswerebornin______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 1.NursingatBethIsraelHospitalproducesthebestpatientcarepossible. Ifwearetosolvethenursingshortagehospitaladministrationanddoctors everywherewoulddowelltofollowBethIsrael’sexample.??2.At BethIsraeleachpatientisassignedtoaprimarynursewhovisitsatlength withthepatientandconstructsafull-scalehealthaccountthatcovers everythingfromhismedicalhistorytohisemotionalstate.Thenshewritesa careplancentredonthepatient’sillnessbutwhichalsoincludeseverything elsethatisnecessary.??3.Theprimarynursestayswiththe patientthroughhishospitalisationkeepingtrackwithhisprogressandseeking furtheradvicefromhisdoctor.IfapatientatBethIsraelisnotrespondingto treatmentitisnotuncommonforhisnursetoproposeanotherapproachtohis doctor.WhatthedoctoratBethIsraelhasintheprimarynurseisatrue colleague.??4.NursingatBethIsraelalsoinvolvesa decentralized分散的nursingadministration;everyflooreveryunitisa self-containedorganization.Therearenurse-managersinsteadofheadnurses;in additiontotheirmedicaldutiestheydoalltheirownhiringanddismissing employeeadvisingandtheymakesalaryrecommendations.Eachunit’snurses decideamongthemselveswhowillworkwhatshiftsandwhen.??5. BethIsrael’snurse-in-chiefranksasanequalwithothervicepresidentsofthe hospital.ShealsoismemberoftheMedicalExecutiveCommitteewhichinmost hospitalsincludesonlydoctors.Para4______.
{{*HTML*}}? ?下面有3篇短文每篇短文后有5道题每题后面有4个选项请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案{{B}}第一篇{{/B}} ??Anindependentinquiryintooutof hoursservicesoffamilydoctorsinScotlandhasconcludedthattheintroduction ofGPcooperativeshasbeenapositivedevelopmentthatisbenefitingboth patientsanddoctors.??Theworkinggroupthatdrewupthereport howeverhasexpressedsomeconcernaboutthetreatmentofchildrenand difficultiesfacedbysomepatientsinarrangingtheirowntransporttotravel toemergencycenters.ImprovementsarebeingsoughtbytheScottishOfficeon theseissuestoimprovethequalityfairnessandresponsivenessofthe system.??Theinquirywaspromptedbythedeathsoftwobabiesin AyrshireafterthelocalcooperativeAyrshireDoctorsonCallprovided telephoneadvicebutdeclinedrequestsforhomevisits.Parentsofthedead childrencriticizedthecooperativeforfailingtosendoutadoctor.? ?Theparentssupportedacampaignthatcalledforautomatichomevisitsto beprovidedforcertaingroupsofpatientssuchaschildrenandelderlypeople. Thatideahasbeenrejectedbytheinquiryteamwhichsaidthatneitherpatient norprofessionalgroupsacceptedthevalueofpoliciesthatwouldprovide automatichomevisits.Insteaditisrecommendedthatcooperativescarryout moreeffectivemonitoringoftreatmentforchildrenincludingreviewing complaintsandcriticalincidents.??ThefirstGPcooperatives wereformedthreeyearsagototakeoveroutofhourscallsfromindividual practicesbuttheywereestablishedwithdifferentworkingpractices.The reportnotesthatvariationexistsintransportarrangementswithsome cooperativesprovidingfreetransporttoemergencycentersandothersrequiring peopleoftenmaketheirownarrangements.Healthboardhavebeenorderedto reportonthefairnessoftransportarrangementsintheirarea.? ?Guidelinesarealsotobeintroducedtoensurethatcooperativesare workingtosimilarhighstandards.Theywillincludearrangementsthatwill allowpatientstomakecontactwithanoutofhoursservicewithasinglephone call.InitiativesarealsoplannedtohelpGPsinruralareaswhohavebeen unabletobenefitfromthedevelopmentofcooperatives.Anextra540000is beingprovidedtopayforthesedevelopments.TheworldissuesisLine3Paragraph2canmostlybereplacedby______.
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{{*HTML*}}?阅读下面的短文文章中有5处空白文章后有6组文字请根据文章的内容选择5组文字将其分别放回文章原有位置以恢复文章原貌 ??Mostdoctorsaretoooptimisticinpredictinghowlongdying patientshavetoliveandthishasanegativeeffectonthecaretheyreceive intheirfinaldaysAmericanresearcherssaidFriday.??Astudy byscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoMedicalCenterinIllinoisshowed thatofthesurvivalestimatesfor486terminallyillpatientsgivenby343 doctors{{U}}?46?{{/U}}.??{{U}}?47?{{/U}} andinsomecasesdoctorspredictedpatientshadfivetimelongertolivethan provedtobethecase.??Doctorsareinaccurateintheir prognoses预后forterminallyillpatientsandtheerrorissystematically optimisticprofessorNicholasChristakisandDrElizabethLamont?saidin areportinTheBritishMedicalJournal.??Theresearchersadded thatdoctorswhoknewtheirpatientsbestweremorelikelytogetit wrong.??{{U}}?48?{{/U}}...thetypeofsystematicbias towardoptimismthatwehavefoundindoctors’objectiveprognosticassessments maybeadversely不利地affectingpatientcaretheresearchersadded.? ?Insteadofreceivingthreemonthsofhospicecarewhichisconsideredto betheideal{{U}}?49?{{/U}}.??Patientswhothought theyhadlongertolivealsooptedformoreaggressivetreatment?instead ofpalliative治标的carethereportsaid.??Theresearcher suggesteddoctorsshouldgetsecondopinionsfromcolleagues{{U}}?50 ?{{/U}}beforegivingaprognosis.??Reliableprognostic informationisakeydeterminantinbothdoctors’andpatients’decision makingtheysaid.??A.manypatientsreceivedonlyonemonth’s carebecauseoftheoptimisticprognosis.??B.Althoughsomeerror isunavoidable??C.alotofpatientsareeagertoleavethe hospital.??D.only20percentwereaccurate??E. particularlyiftheyknowapatientwell.??F.Sixtythreepercent ofthepredictionsoverestimatedthetimepatientshadleft.
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??Theideaoftest-tubebabiesmaymake youstarry-eyedwithdelightatthewondersofmodernmedicineorbleary-eyed withconsideringthemoral/legalimplicationsofstartinglifeinalaboratory. Butifyou’veeverbeenpregnant怀孕yourselfonethingiscertain:Youwonder whatit’sliketocarryatest-tubebaby.Arethesepregnanciesnormal?Arethe babiesnormal???TheearliestanswerscomefromAustraliawherea groupofmedicalexpertsattheQueenVictoriaMedicalCenterinMelbournehave takenalookatthecontinent’sfirstnineseemedtoproceedaccordingtoplan butatbirthsomeunusualtrendsdidshowup.Sevenoftheninebabiesturned outtobegirls.SixofthenineweredeliveredbyCaesareansection剖腹产术.And onebabyatwinwasbornwithaseriousheartdefectandafewdayslater developedlife-threateningabdominalproblems.??Whatdoesitall mean?Eventhedoctorsdon’tknowforsurebecausethenumbersaresosmall. Theproportionofgirlstoboysishighbutuntiltherearemanymoretest-tube babiesnoonewillknowwhetherthat’spurecoincidence巧合orsomethingspecial. ?Thesamethingistrueofthesingleheartdefect;itusuallyshowsupin only15outof60000birthsinthatpartofAustraliabutthefactthatit occurredinoneoutofninetest-tubebabiesdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthey areatspecialrisk.Onethingthedoctorscanexplainisthehighnumberof Caesareans.??TheAustralianresearchersreportthattheyare quiteencouraged.Allthebabiesarenowmakingnomalprogress--eventhetwin withthebirthdefects.Wheredidthepassagemostprobablyappear?
{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第三篇{{/B}} ?Americanofficialshaveannouncedrulesto helppreventpeoplefromgettingsickfromthemedicinestheytake. ???TherulesrequirethemedicinesAmericansusemostto haveinformationthatiseasytoreadandunderstand.Theofficialssaythenew systemwillhelppeoplemakemoreinformeddecisionsaboutthedrugsthey use.??Moreandmorepeopleusemedicinesknownasover-the counterdrugstotreatcommonhealthproblems.Americansbuy5’000000000 suchproductseachyear.??About100000over-the-counterdrugs canbepurchasedintheUnitedStateswithoutordersfromadoctor.Manypeople decideontheirownwhichdrugtotakehowtotakeitandifitshouldbe giventotheirchildren.Over-the-counterdrugsaregenerallyverysafe. Howeverusingthemthewrongwaycanbedangerous.Officialssayhospitalsin theUnitedStatestreat170000peopleeachyearbecausethedrugsmakethem sick.??Studiesestimatethathalfofthesehospitalvisitscould bepreventedifAmericanswerebettereducatedabouttheproducts.? ?TheFoodandDrugAdministrationproposedthenewrulestwoyearsago.FDA officialssaytheyworkedwiththedrugindustryandpublicinterestgroupsto developtherequirements.Theagencyalsoreceivedalmost2000publiccomments abouttheproposals.??Thenewinformationshouldmakeiteasier forpeopletoidentifyactivechemicalsusedinamedicine.Thisinformation willbelistedatthetopoftheproductcontainer.Thelabelalsowilllist usesofthedrugwarningsanddirections.Chemicalsinthedrugwhicharenot activealsowillbelisted.ThereasonforthisistoletAmericansselect productsthatwillnotmakethemsick.Howmanypeoplewhouseover-the-counterdrugscouldbepreventedfromvisitinghospitalsiftheywerebettereducatedabouttheproducts?
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{{*HTML*}}{{B}}第二篇{{/B}} ??Theideaoftest-tubebabiesmaymake youstarry-eyedwithdelightatthewondersofmodernmedicineorbleary-eyed withconsideringthemoral/legalimplicationsofstartinglifeinalaboratory. Butifyou’veeverbeenpregnant怀孕yourselfonethingiscertain:Youwonder whatit’sliketocarryatest-tubebaby.Arethesepregnanciesnormal?Arethe babiesnormal???TheearliestanswerscomefromAustraliawherea groupofmedicalexpertsattheQueenVictoriaMedicalCenterinMelbournehave takenalookatthecontinent’sfirstnineseemedtoproceedaccordingtoplan butatbirthsomeunusualtrendsdidshowup.Sevenoftheninebabiesturned outtobegirls.SixofthenineweredeliveredbyCaesareansection剖腹产术.And onebabyatwinwasbornwithaseriousheartdefectandafewdayslater developedlife-threateningabdominalproblems.??Whatdoesitall mean?Eventhedoctorsdon’tknowforsurebecausethenumbersaresosmall. Theproportionofgirlstoboysishighbutuntiltherearemanymoretest-tube babiesnoonewillknowwhetherthat’spurecoincidence巧合orsomethingspecial. ?Thesamethingistrueofthesingleheartdefect;itusuallyshowsupin only15outof60000birthsinthatpartofAustraliabutthefactthatit occurredinoneoutofninetest-tubebabiesdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatthey areatspecialrisk.Onethingthedoctorscanexplainisthehighnumberof Caesareans.??TheAustralianresearchersreportthattheyare quiteencouraged.Allthebabiesarenowmakingnomalprogress--eventhetwin withthebirthdefects.AccordingtothepassagewhichofthefollowingisNOTmentioned?
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??Researchershaveknownforyearsthat animalshaveaclocksomewhereintheirbrainsacontrol-centrethatregulates circadian生物节奏的rhythms.Circadianrhythmsarethebody’sdailybiological cyclescontrollingsuchactivitiesassleepandwakefulness.InNovember1988 neuroscientistsattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottevillereportedthat thesuprachasmaticnucleusSCNasmallcluster束ofcellsinthemiddleof thebrainthatneuroscientistshavelongsuspectedofplayingaroleindaily rhythmsisthelong-soughtbiologicalclock.??Theinvestigators performedaseriesoftissue-transplantexperimentswithhamsters仓鼠.Someof theanimalswerenormalhamsterswhichhaveacircadiancycleof24hours;the othersweremutant变异型hamsterswhosecycleswereonly20or22hours long.??ThescientistsfirstremovedtheSCNfromthebransofthe hamstersinbothgroups.TheythenimplantedanSCNfromamutanthamsterinto thebrainofeachnormalanimalandviceversa.Whenthehamstershadrecovered fromtheiroperationsthecircadianrhythmsofthetwogroupswerereversed. Thenormalhamstershadadailycycleof20to22hoursandthemutantswereon a24-hourcycle.??Theidentificationoftheinternalclockisan importantstepping-stoneinunderstandingthebasicautomaticmechanismsof brainfunction.Itmayalsohelpinfindingwaystorelievehumansleep disorders.Thenormalhamstershadadailycycleof24hourandthemutantswereona20-hourcycle.
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面的短文文中有15处空白每处空白给出4个选项请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案 ??Onlythreestrategiesareavailablefor controllingcancerpreventionscreeningandtreatment.Lungcancercausesmore deathsthananyothertypeofcancer.Amajorcauseofthediseaseis{{U}} ?51?{{/U}}known;thereisnogoodevidencethatscreeningisofmuch help;andtreatmentfailsinabout90percentofallcases.Atpresent thereforethemainstrategymustbe{{U}}?52?{{/U}}.Thismaynot alwaysbetrueofcourseasforsomeothertypesOfcancerresearch{{U}} ?53?{{/U}}thepastfewdecadeshasproducedorsuggestedsome importantprogressinpreventionscreeningortreatment.{{U}}?54 ?{{/U}}howeverweconsidernotwhatresearchmayonedayofferbutwhat today’sknowledgecouldalreadydeliverthatisnotbeingdeliveredthenthe mostpracticableandcost-effectiveopportunitiesforavoidingprematuredeath fromcancerespeciallylungcancerprobablyinvolveneitherscreeningnor improved{{U}}?55?{{/U}}butprevention.??This conclusiondoesnotdependontheunrealisticassumptionthatwecan{{U}} ?56?{{/U}}tobacco.Itmerelyassumesthatwecanreducecigarette salesappreciablybyraisingpricesorby{{U}}?57?{{/U}}thetypeof educationthatalreadyappearstohavehada{{U}}?58?{{/U}}effecton cigaretteconsumptionbywhite-collarworkersandthatwecansubstantially reducetheamountoftardeliveredpercigarette.Thepracticabilityof preventingcancerbysuchmeasuresappliesnotonlyinthosecountries{{U}} ?59?{{/U}}theUSwherebecausecigarettesmokinghasbeencommon fordecades25～30percentofallcancerdeathsnowinvolvelungcancerbut alsointhosewhereithasbecome{{U}}?60?{{/U}}onlyrecently.In Chinaforexamplelungcancer{{U}}?61?{{/U}}accountsforonlyabout 510percentofallcancerdeaths.Thisisbecauseitmaytakeasmuchashalfa century{{U}}?62?{{/U}}theriseinsmokingtoincreasetheincidenceof lungcancer.Countrieswherecigarettesmokingisonlynowbecomingwidespread canexpectenormousincreasesinlungcancerduringthe1990sorearlyinthe nextcentury{{U}}?63?{{/U}}prompteffectiveactionistakenagainst thehabit--indeed.suchincreasesarealreadyplainlyevidentinpartsof{{U}} ?64?{{/U}}.??Therearefourreasonswhytheprevention oflungcancerisofsuchoverwhelmingimportance:firstthediseaseis extremelycommoncausingmoredeathsthananyothertypeofcancernowdoes; secondlyitisgenerallyincurable;thirdlyeffectivepracticablemeasuresto reduceitsincidencearealreadyreliablyknown;andfinally{{U}}?65 ?{{/U}}tobaccoconsumptionwillalsohaveasubstantialimpactonmanyother diseases.
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{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??Researchershaveknownforyearsthat animalshaveaclocksomewhereintheirbrainsacontrol-centrethatregulates circadian生物节奏的rhythms.Circadianrhythmsarethebody’sdailybiological cyclescontrollingsuchactivitiesassleepandwakefulness.InNovember1988 neuroscientistsattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottevillereportedthat thesuprachasmaticnucleusSCNasmallcluster束ofcellsinthemiddleof thebrainthatneuroscientistshavelongsuspectedofplayingaroleindaily rhythmsisthelong-soughtbiologicalclock.??Theinvestigators performedaseriesoftissue-transplantexperimentswithhamsters仓鼠.Someof theanimalswerenormalhamsterswhichhaveacircadiancycleof24hours;the othersweremutant变异型hamsterswhosecycleswereonly20or22hours long.??ThescientistsfirstremovedtheSCNfromthebransofthe hamstersinbothgroups.TheythenimplantedanSCNfromamutanthamsterinto thebrainofeachnormalanimalandviceversa.Whenthehamstershadrecovered fromtheiroperationsthecircadianrhythmsofthetwogroupswerereversed. Thenormalhamstershadadailycycleof20to22hoursandthemutantswereon a24-hourcycle.??Theidentificationoftheinternalclockisan importantstepping-stoneinunderstandingthebasicautomaticmechanismsof brainfunction.Itmayalsohelpinfindingwaystorelievehumansleep disorders.Hamstershavesleepingproblems.
{{*HTML*}}? ?阅读下面这篇短文短文后有2项测试任务1第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为规定段每段选择1个正确的小标题2第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项分别完成每个句子 1.NursingatBethIsraelHospitalproducesthebestpatientcarepossible. Ifwearetosolvethenursingshortagehospitaladministrationanddoctors everywherewoulddowelltofollowBethIsrael’sexample.??2.At BethIsraeleachpatientisassignedtoaprimarynursewhovisitsatlength withthepatientandconstructsafull-scalehealthaccountthatcovers everythingfromhismedicalhistorytohisemotionalstate.Thenshewritesa careplancentredonthepatient’sillnessbutwhichalsoincludeseverything elsethatisnecessary.??3.Theprimarynursestayswiththe patientthroughhishospitalisationkeepingtrackwithhisprogressandseeking furtheradvicefromhisdoctor.IfapatientatBethIsraelisnotrespondingto treatmentitisnotuncommonforhisnursetoproposeanotherapproachtohis doctor.WhatthedoctoratBethIsraelhasintheprimarynurseisatrue colleague.??4.NursingatBethIsraelalsoinvolvesa decentralized分散的nursingadministration;everyflooreveryunitisa self-containedorganization.Therearenurse-managersinsteadofheadnurses;in additiontotheirmedicaldutiestheydoalltheirownhiringanddismissing employeeadvisingandtheymakesalaryrecommendations.Eachunit’snurses decideamongthemselveswhowillworkwhatshiftsandwhen.??5. BethIsrael’snurse-in-chiefranksasanequalwithothervicepresidentsofthe hospital.ShealsoismemberoftheMedicalExecutiveCommitteewhichinmost hospitalsincludesonlydoctors.Therearenurse-managersinsteadof______.??A.truecollege
{{*HTML*}}??阅读下面这篇短文短文后列出7个句子请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断 ??Researchershaveknownforyearsthat animalshaveaclocksomewhereintheirbrainsacontrol-centrethatregulates circadian生物节奏的rhythms.Circadianrhythmsarethebody’sdailybiological cyclescontrollingsuchactivitiesassleepandwakefulness.InNovember1988 neuroscientistsattheUniversityofVirginiainCharlottevillereportedthat thesuprachasmaticnucleusSCNasmallcluster束ofcellsinthemiddleof thebrainthatneuroscientistshavelongsuspectedofplayingaroleindaily rhythmsisthelong-soughtbiologicalclock.??Theinvestigators performedaseriesoftissue-transplantexperimentswithhamsters仓鼠.Someof theanimalswerenormalhamsterswhichhaveacircadiancycleof24hours;the othersweremutant变异型hamsterswhosecycleswereonly20or22hours long.??ThescientistsfirstremovedtheSCNfromthebransofthe hamstersinbothgroups.TheythenimplantedanSCNfromamutanthamsterinto thebrainofeachnormalanimalandviceversa.Whenthehamstershadrecovered fromtheiroperationsthecircadianrhythmsofthetwogroupswerereversed. Thenormalhamstershadadailycycleof20to22hoursandthemutantswereon a24-hourcycle.??Theidentificationoftheinternalclockisan importantstepping-stoneinunderstandingthebasicautomaticmechanismsof brainfunction.Itmayalsohelpinfindingwaystorelievehumansleep disorders.Scientistsarecrueltodoexperimentswithhamsters.
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